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1
Giuliani, Alessandro, i Alessandro Giuliani. "Universality and non-universality in the Ashkin-Teller model". Doctoral thesis, La Sapienza, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11573/917142.
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Full, Peter. "Percolation and Universality". Thesis, KTH, Teoretisk fysik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-127452.
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In this thesis a detailed discussion of the topic percolation theory in squared lattices in two dimensions will be conducted. To support this discussion numerical calculations will be done. For the data analysis and simulations the Hoshen-Kopelman-Algorithm [2] will be used. All concepts deduced will nally lead to the determination of the conductance's exponent t in random resistor networks. Using Derrida's transfer matrix program to calculate the conductivity of random resistors in two and three dimensions [11] and the nite-size scaling approach were used. In two dimensions t= = 0:955 0:006 was obtained. Were is the exponent of the correlation length in innite lattices. This value is in excellent agreement with Derrida ( t= = 0:960:02, [11]) and slightly smaller than Sahimi ( t= = 0:97480:001, [21]). In three dimensions the same approach yielded t= = 2:155 0:012 which some what smaller than the value found by Sahimi t= = 2 :27 0:20 [21] and Gingold and Lobb t= = 2:276 0:012 [25].
3
Rieger, Adam. "Circularity and universality". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.321727.
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Dodd, Jennifer L. "Universality in quantum computation /". [St. Lucia, Qld], 2004. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18197.pdf.
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Westbrook, Christopher David. "Universality in snowflake formation". Thesis, University of Warwick, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.416186.
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Bayırlı, İsa Kerem. "The universality of concord". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/113785.
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Thesis: Ph. D. in Linguistics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Linguistics and Philosophy, 2017.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 232-243).
Abstract In this dissertation, we develop and defend a universal theory of concord (i.e. feature sharing between a head noun and the modifying adjectives). When adjectives in a language show concord with the noun they modify, concord morphology usually involves the full set of features of that noun (e.g. gender, number and case). However, there are also languages in which concord targets only a subset of morphosyntactic features of the head noun. We first observe that feature combinations that enter into concord in such languages are not random. We then show that this observation can be explained with a theory of concord that has the following properties: (i) concord is obligatory whenever phasal domains are inactive (the obligatoriness claim) and (ii) languages that lack concord have a phasal Noun Phrase (the phase claim). We provide evidence supporting these claims. The obligatoriness claim leads to two predications: (1) idiosyncratic gender languages are gender concord languages and (2) languages with pluralia tantum nouns are plural concord languages. We show that these predictions are empirically supported. The phase claim implies that a language lacks overt manifestation of concord only if it has a phasal NP. We show that, due to the phasal status of NP, non-concord languages exhibit the following properties: (1) AP movement out of NP is not possible, (2) the Num head need not be obligatory in the extended projection of a noun (leading to number neutrality) and (3) nominal inflectional elements can be shared between coordinated nouns. We provide evidence supporting these claims.
by İsa Kerem Bayırlı.
Ph. D. in Linguistics
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Manolescu, Ioan. "Universality for planar percolation". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610713.
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Picus, Cristina. "Universality in microscopic glass models". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=971387346.
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Meinrad, Hebga P. "Universality in Theology and Inculturation". Bulletin of Ecumenical Theology, 1994. http://digital.library.duq.edu/u?/bet,322.
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Hebga, Meinrad P. "Universality in Theology and Inculturation". Bulletin of Ecumenical Theology, 1994. http://digital.library.duq.edu/u?/bet,1817.
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Wilson, Ross Michael. "Subjective universality in Kant's aesthetics". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.614777.
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Abbott, Timothy Good. "Generalizations of Kempe's universality theorem". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/44375.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2008.Copyright statement on t.p. reads: ©Timothy Good Abbott, 2004-2007, ©Reid W. Barton, 2004-2007.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 85-86).
In 1876, A. B. Kempe presented a flawed proof of what is now called Kempe's Universality Theorem: that the intersection of a closed disk with any curve in R2 defined by a polynomial equation can be drawn by a linkage. Kapovich and Millson published the first correct proof of this claim in 2002, but their argument relied on different, more complex constructions. We provide a corrected version of Kempe's proof, using a novel contraparallelogram bracing. The resulting historical proof of Kempe's Universality Theorem uses simpler gadgets than those of Kapovich and Millson. We use our two-dimensional proof of Kempe's theorem to give simple proofs of two extensions of Kempe's theorem first shown by King: a generalization to d dimensions and a characterization of the drawable subsets of Rd. Our results improve King's by proving better continuity properties for the constructions. We prove that our construction requires only O(nd) bars to draw a curve defined by a polynomial of degree n in d dimensions, improving the previously known bounds of O(n4) in two dimensions and O(n6) in three dimensions. We also prove a matching Q(nd) lower bound in the worst case. We give an algorithm for computing a configuration above a given point on a given polynomial curve, running in time polynomial in the size of the dense representation of the polynomial defining the curve. We use this algorithm to prove the coNP-hardness of testing the rigidity of a given configuration of a linkage. While this theorem has long been assumed in rigidity theory, we believe this to be the first published proof that this problem is computationally intractable. This thesis is joint work with Reid W. Barton and Erik D. Demaine.
by Timothy Good Abbott.
S.M.
13
Roberts, Kevin Lloyd. "Dimensional reduction, universality and sparticle spectra". Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.262392.
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Boyette, Marie C. "The Universality of Laban Movement Analysis". VCU Scholars Compass, 2012. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2776.
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Rudolf Laban: Father of Modern dance, revolutionary within the field of movement studies, and inventor of Labanotation. His work is so universal it has been applied to dancing, acting, industrial work, and movement therapy. This thesis will specifically discuss the use of his system as it applies to actor training. However before that it is important for me as a teacher to understand the potential ideologies and historical implications that are associated with a theory or body of work before passing it on, lest we unknowingly propagate a system of thought that is associated with destructive ideologies. This becomes particularly significant in the case of Laban. From 1933 until 1936 Laban’s movement analysis and choreographic skills were an integral and leading part of the Reich Chamber of Culture’s division of dance. Many of his contemporaries labeled him a Nazi, and many scholars today struggle to extricate his work from the Nazi stain. If his work, as his contemporaries claimed, was fascist in nature and his work was uniquely expressive of the German volk, as Goebbels had instructed him it should be, then we as teachers have a moral obligation to be judicious in our applications of his system. Therefore in this thesis I will first examine the time Laban spent working for the Third Reich, and only after concluding that his actual system of understanding movement had little to do with the politics during that time of his life will I then go on to discuss how Laban Movement Analysis can be an integral tool for actor training, and discuss the ideologies that I, as a teacher, bring to the table.
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Taylor, John (John Allen). "Aspects of Universality in Function Iteration". Thesis, University of North Texas, 1991. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278799/.
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Matsumoto, Kohji, i Antanas Laurinčikas. "The joint universality of twisted automorphic L-functions". 日本数学会, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/20066.
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Ulmanis, Juris [Verfasser], i Matthias [Akademischer Betreuer] Weidemüller. "Universality and non-universality in the heteronuclear Efimov scenario with large mass imbalance / Juris Ulmanis ; Betreuer: Matthias Weidemüller". Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1180501241/34.
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Johri, Mira. "On the universality of Habermas's discourse ethics". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ30304.pdf.
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Skerstonaitė, Santa. "Joint universality for periodic Hurwitz zeta-functions". Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2009. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2009~D_20090827_124913-17749.
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The aim of our work is to obtain joint universality theorems for periodic Hurwitz zeta-functions. We prove two joint universality theorems for periodic Hurwitz zeta-function. In the first theorems, the set L is linearly independent over the field of national numbers, then the periodic Hurwitz zeta-functions are universality. In the second joint universality theorem, we consider the use then parameter alpha corresponds general periodic sequence. Then the set L is linearly independent over the field of national numbers and the rank hypothesis in this theorem is weaker then that in A. Laurinčikas (2008) work. Then the second periodic Hurwitz zeta-functions are universal too.Magistro darbe yra nagrinėjamas Hurvico dzeta funkcijų rinkinio jungtinis universalumas. Yra įrodytos dvi jungtinės universalumo teoremos. Pirmoji teorema tvirtina, kad jei aibė L yra tiesiškai nepriklausoma virš racionaliųjų skaičių kūno, tai periodinės Hurvico dzeta funkcijos yra universalios. Ši teorema žymiai susilpnina sąlygas, kurioms esant, buvo gautas analogiškas rezultatas A. Javtoko ir A. Laurinčiko 2008 m. darbe. Antroje teoremoje yra nagrinėjamas atvejis, kai kiekvieną skaičių alpha atitinka periodinių sekų rinkinys. Kai sistema L yra tiesiškai nepriklausoma virš racionaliųjų skaičių kūno ir galioja vieno rango tipo sąlyga, silpnesnė negu A. Laurinčiko darbe (2008), tai periodinių Hurvico dzeta funkcijų rinkinys yra taip pat universalus.
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Johri, Mira. "On the universality of Habermas's discourse ethics". Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=42062.
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This thesis investigates Habermas's attempt to establish a credible form of universalism in moral and political philosophy by means of the theoretical approach which he terms "discourse ethics." The central question motivating this study is whether Habermas succeeds in this ambition. Discourse ethics specifies a procedure which purports to enable all agents involved in a conflict of interest in which issues of justice are at stake to come to a rational and cooperative resolution. It proposes a position unique among contemporary approaches to justice in the strength and character of its anti-relativist stance: the plurality of human cultures and the situated character of human understanding do not, according to this theory, bar the way to arriving at a minimal form of moral universalism. Although the procedure specified in communicative ethics elucidates only a narrow range of concerns--those pertaining to justice in the strict sense--it aims to do so in a way valid across all human cultures.Habermas's strategy for the defence of a species-wide moral universalism is, I argue, both the key feature of his position, and the least well understood. Discussion of discourse ethics to date has focussed almost exclusively on the question of its appropriateness to the context of modern, Western pluralism. An important reason for this focus has been the intricacy of Habermas's argumentative strategy, which links the recent work on discourse ethics to his longstanding project of developing a theory of communicative action.
The principle aim of this thesis is to clarify Habermas's position by explicating his programme of justification. In so doing, I draw attention to several problems in his approach as a mechanism for cross-cultural conflict adjudication, and endeavour to provide a more perspicuous account of the relation of Habermas's theory to its main philosophical competitors, especially Rawlsian deontology, and contextualism.
21
Thompson, Katherine. "Universality results for ordered and directed structures". Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.399815.
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MONDAINI, DEBORA FREIRE. "TENSOR PRODUCT UNIVERSALITY AND COECKENULLS COMPOSITIONALITY THEOREM". PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2006. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=8674@1.
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COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIORO propósito deste trabalho é apresentar uma demonstração simplificada do Teorema da Composicionalidade de Coecke, o qual diz respeito ao processamento de informação quântica agregada a estados emaranhados hpartidos. Utilizando a propriedade da universalidade do produto tensorial em nossa prova, veremos que é possível considerar todos os estados relevantes como sendo estados-produto, o que torna a demonstração bem mais fácil. Apresentaremos ainda o processo de teleportação de estados quânticos, tão comentado nos dias de hoje, e verificaremos finalmente que tal processo é uma aplicação trivial do teorema de Coecke.
The purpose of this work is to present a simplified demonstration of Co- ecke's Compositionality Theorem, which refers to the quantum information processing associated to n-partite entangled states. By using the universal property of the tensor product in our proof, we will see that is possible to consider all the relevant states as being product states, which turns the demonstration much easier. We will present also the teleportation process of quantum states, so called nowadays, and verify finally that such a process is a trivial application of Coecke's theorem
23
Bekerman, Florent. "Transport methods and universality for [beta]-ensembles". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/115676.
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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mathematics, 2018.In title on title page, "[beta]" appears as the lower case Greek letter. Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 137-142).
In this thesis, we investigate the local and global properties of the eigenvalues of [beta]-ensembles. A lot of attention has been drawn recently on the universal properties of [beta]-ensembles, and how their local statistics relate to those of Gaussian ensembles. We use transport methods to prove universality of the eigenvalue gaps in the bulk and at the edge, in the single cut and multicut regimes. In a different direction, we also prove Central Limit Theorems for the linear statistics of [beta]-ensembles at the macroscopic and mesoscopic scales.
by Florent Bekerman.
Ph. D.
24
Jurjiu, A., R. Dockhorn, O. Mironova i J. U. Sommer. "Two universality classes for random hyperbranched polymers". Royal Society of Chemistry, 2014. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A36397.
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We grow AB₂ random hyperbranched polymer structures in different ways and using different simulation methods. In particular we use a method of ad hoc construction of the connectivity matrix and the bond fluctuation model on a 3D lattice. We show that hyperbranched polymers split into two universality classes depending on the growth process. For a “slow growth” (SG) process where monomers are added sequentially to an existing molecule which strictly avoids cluster–cluster aggregation the resulting structures share all characteristic features with regular dendrimers. For a “quick growth” (QG) process which allows for cluster–cluster aggregation we obtain structures which can be identified as random fractals. Without excluded volume interactions the SG model displays a logarithmic growth of the radius of gyration with respect to the degree of polymerization while the QG model displays a power law behavior with an exponent of 1/4. By analyzing the spectral properties of the connectivity matrix we confirm the behavior of dendritic structures for the SG model and the corresponding fractal properties in the QG case. A mean field model is developed which explains the extension of the hyperbranched polymers in an athermal solvent for both cases. While the radius of gyration of the QG model shows a power-law behavior with the exponent value close to 4/5, the corresponding result for the SG model is a mixed logarithmic–power-law behavior. These different behaviors are confirmed by simulations using the bond fluctuation model. Our studies indicate that random sequential growth according to our SG model can be an alternative to the synthesis of perfect dendrimers.
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Navas, Portella Víctor. "Statistical modelling of avalanche observables: criticality and universality". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/670764.
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Complex systems can be understood as an entity composed by a large number of interactive elements whose emergent global behaviour cannot be derived from the local laws characterizing their constituents. The observables characterizing these systems can be observed at different scales and they often exhibit interesting properties such as lack of characteristic scales and self-similarity. In this context, power-law type functions take an important role in the description of these observables. The presence of power-law functions resembles to the situation of thermodynamic quantities close to a critical point in equilibrium critical phenomena.
Different complex systems can be grouped into the same universality class when the power-law functions characterizing their observables have the same exponents. The response of some complex systems proceeds by the so called avalanche process: a collective response of the system characterized by following an intermittent dynamics, with sudden bursts of activity separated by periods of silence. This kind of out-of-equilibrium systems can be found in different disciplines such as seismology, astrophysics, ecology, finance or epidemiology, just to mention a few of them. Avalanches are characterized by a set of observables such as the size, the duration or the energy. When avalanche observables exhibit lack of characteristic scales, their probability distributions can be statistically modelled by power-law-type distributions. Avalanche criticality occurs when avalanche observables can be characterized by this kind of distributions. In this sense, the concepts of criticality and universality, which are well defined in equilibrium phenomena, can be also extended for the probability distributions describing avalanche observables in out-of-equilibrium systems.
The main goal of this PhD thesis relies on providing robust statistical methods in order to characterize avalanche criticality and universality in empirical datasets. Due to limitations in data acquisition, empirical datasets often only cover a narrow range of observation, making it difficult to establish power-law behaviour unambiguously.
With the aim of discussing the concepts of avalanche criticality and universality, two different systems are going to be considered: earthquakes and acoustic emission events generated during compression experiments of porous materials in the laboratory (labquakes). The techniques developed in this PhD thesis are mainly focused on the distribution of earthquake and labquake sizes, which is known as the Gutenberg-Richter law. However, the methods are much more general and can be applied to any other avalanche observable.
The statistical techniques provided in this work can also be helpful for earthquake forecasting. Coulomb-stress theory has been used for years in seismology to understand how earthquakes trigger each other. Earthquake models that relate earthquake rates and Coulomb stress after a main event, such as the rate-and-state model, assume that the magnitude distribution of earthquakes is not affected by the change in the Coulomb stress. Several statistical analyses are performed to test whether the distribution of magnitudes is sensitive to the sign of the Coulomb-stress increase.
The use of advanced statistical techniques for the analysis of complex systems has been found to be necessary and very helpful in order to provide rigour to the empirical results, particularly, to those problems regarding hazard analysis.Els sistemes complexos es poden entendre com entitats compostes per un gran nombre d’elements en interacció on la seva resposta global i emergent no es pot derivar de les lleis particulars que caracteritzen cadascun dels seus constituents. Els observables que caracteritzen aquests sistemes es poden observar a diferents escales i, sovint, mostren propietats interessants tals com la manca d’escales característiques i autosimilitud. En aquest context, les funcions amb lleis de potència prenen un paper important en la descripció d’aquests observables. La presència de lleis de potència s’assimila a la situació dels fenòmens crítics en equilibri, on algunes quantitats termodinàmiques mostren un comportament funcional similar prop d’un punt crític. Diferents sistemes complexos es poden agrupar en la mateixa classe d’universalitat quan les funcions de lleis de potència que caracteritzen els seus observables tenen els mateixos exponents. Quan són conduïts externament, la resposta d’alguns sistemes complexos segueix el que s’anomonena un procès d’allaus: una resposta col·lectiva del sistema caracteritzada per seguir una dinàmica intermitent, amb sobtats increments d’activitat separats per períodes de silenci. Aquesta mena de sistemes fora de l’equilibri es poden trobar en diferents disciplines tals com la sismologia, astrofísica, ecologia, epidemologia o finances, per mencionar alguns. Les allaus estan caracteritzades per un conjunt d’observables tals com la mida, l’energia o la durada. Quan aquests observables mostren una manca d’escales característiques, les seves distribucions de probabilitat es poden modelitzar estadísticament per distribucions de lleis de potència. S’anomenen allaus crítiques aquelles en que els seus observables es poden caracteritzar per aquestes distribucions. En aquest sentit, els conceptes de criticalitat i universalitat, els quals estan ben definits per fenòmens en equilibri, es poden extendre per les distribucions de probabilitat que descriuen els observables de les allaus en sistemes fora de l’equilibri. L’objectiu principal d’aquesta tesi doctoral és proporcionar mètodes estadístics robusts per tal de caracteritzar la criticalitat i la universalitat en allaus corresponents a dades empíriques. Degut a les limitacions en l’adquisició de dades, les dades empíriques sovint cobreixen un rang petit d’observació, dificultant que es pugui establir un determinat comportament en forma de llei de potència de manera inequívoca. Amb l’objectiu de discutir els conceptes de criticalitat i universalitat en allaus, es consideraran dos sistemes diferents: els terratrèmols i els esdeveniments d’emissió acústica que es generen durant experiments de compressió de materials porosos al laboratori (labquakes). Les tècniques desenvolupades en aquesta tesi doctoral estan enfocades principalment a la distribució de la mida dels terratrèmols i labquakes, altrament coneguda com a llei de Gutenberg-Richter. No obstant, aquests mètodes són molt més generals i es poden aplicar a qualsevol observable de les allaus. Les tècniques estadístistiques proporcionades en aquest treball poden també ajudar al pronòstic de terratrèmols. Durant anys, la teoria d’esforços de Coulomb s’ha utilitzat en sismologia per tal d’entendre com els terratrèmols desencadenen l’ocurrència d’altres de nous. Els models de terratrèmols que relacionen la taxa d’ocurrència de rèpliques i l’esforç de Coulomb després d’un gran esdeveniment, assumeixen que la distribució de la mida dels terratrèmols no està afectada pel canvi en l’esforç de Coulomb. Diverses anàlisi estadístiques s’aplicaran per tal de comprovar si la distribució de magnituds és sensible al signe de l’esforç de Coulomb. S’ha provat que l’ús de tècniques estadístiques avançades en l’anàlisi de sistemes complexos és útil i necessari per tal d’aportar rigor als resultats empírics i, en particular, a problemes d’anàlisi de riscos.
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Steuding, J., K. Matsumoto i A. Laurincikas. "Discrete Universality of L-Functions for New Forms". Springer, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/14299.
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Račkauskienė, Santa. "Joint universality of zeta-functions with periodic coefficients". Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2012. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2012~D_20121214_110729-14777.
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In the thesis, the joint universality of periodic Hurwitz zeta-functions as well as that jointly with the Riemann zeta-functions of normalized cusp forms is obtained.Darbe yra įrodomas jungtinis universalumas periodinėms Hurvico dzeta funkcijoms, taip pat bendras universalumas su Rymano dzeta funkcija ir normuotų parabolinių formų dzeta funkcija.
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Farnudi, Bahman. "Scaling and Universality in deposition models of growth". Thesis, University of London, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.536775.
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Rendell, P. "Turing machine universality of the game of life". Thesis, University of the West of England, Bristol, 2014. http://eprints.uwe.ac.uk/22323/.
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This project proves universal computation in the Game of Life cellular automaton by using a Turing machine construction. Existing proofs of universality in the Game of Life rely on a counter machine. These machines require complex encoding and decoding of the input and output and the proof of universality for these machines by the Church Turing thesis is that they can perform the equivalent of a Turing machine. A proof based directly on a Turing machine is much more accessible. The computational power available today allows powerful algorithms such as HashLife to calculate the evolution of cellular automata patterns sufficiently fast that an efficient universal Turing machine can be demonstrated in a conveniently short period of time. Such a universal Turing machine is presented here. It is a direct simulation of a Turing machine and the input and output are easily interpreted. In order to achieve full universal behaviour an infinite storage media is required. The storage media used to represent the Turing machine tape is a pair of stacks. One stack representing the Turing tape to the left of the read/write head and one for the Turing tape to the right. Collision based construction techniques have been used to add stack cells to the ends of the stacks continuously. The continuous construction of the stacks is equivalent to the formatting of blank media. This project demonstrates that large areas of a cellular automata can be formatted in real time to perform complex functions.
30
Gaynier, Lisa P. "The universality of the conceptual understanding of leadership". Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1260375264.
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Ivanov, Sergiu. "On the Power and Universality of Biologically-inspired Models of Computation". Thesis, Paris Est, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PEST1012/document.
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Cette thèse adresse les problèmes d'universalité et de complétude computationelle pour plusieurs modèles de calcul inspirés par la biologie. Il s'agit principalement des systèmes d'insertion/effacement, réseaux de processeurs évolutionnaires, ainsi que des systèmes de réécriture de multi-ensembles. Les résultats décrits se classent dans deux catégories majeures : l'étude de la puissance de calcul des opérations d'insertion et d'effacement avec ou sans mécanismes de contrôle, et la construction des systèmes de réécriture de multi-ensembles universels de petite taille. Les opérations d'insertion et d'effacement consistent à rajouter ou supprimer une sous-chaîne dans une chaîne de caractères dans un contexte donné. La motivation pour l'étude de ces opérations vient de la biologie, ainsi que de la linguistique et de la théorie des langages formels. Dans la première partie de ce manuscrit nous examinons des systèmes d'insertion/effacement correspondant à l'édition de l'ARN, un processus qui insère ou supprime des fragments de ces molécules. Une particularité importante de l'édition de l'ARN est que le endroit auquel se font les modifications est déterminé par des séquences de nucléotides se trouvant toujours du même côté du site de modification. En termes d'insertion et d'effacement, ce phénomène se modéliserait par des règles possédant le contexte uniquement d'un seul côté. Nous montrons qu'avec un contexte gauche de deux caractères il est possible d'engendrer tous les langages rationnels. D'autre part, nous prouvons que des contextes plus longs n'augmentent pas la puissance de calcul du modèle. Nous examinons aussi les systèmes d’insertion/effacement utilisant des mécanismes de contrôle d’application des règles et nous montrons l'augmentation de la puissance d'expression. Les opérations d'insertion et d'effacement apparaissent naturellement dans le domaine de la sécurité informatique. Comme exemple on peut donner le modèle des grammaires gauchistes (leftist grammar), qui ont été introduites pour l'étude des systèmes critiques. Dans cette thèse nous proposons un nouvel instrument graphique d'analyse du comportement dynamique de ces grammaires. La deuxième partie du manuscrit s'intéresse au problème d'universalité qui consiste à trouver un élément concret capable de simuler le travail de n'importe quel autre dispositif de calcul. Nous commençons par le modèle de réseaux de processeurs évolutionnaires, qui abstrait le traitement de l'information génétique. Nous construisons des réseaux universels ayant un petit nombre de règles. Nous nous concentrons ensuite sur les systèmes de réécriture des multi-ensembles, un modèle qui peut être vu comme une abstraction des réactions biochimiques. Pour des raisons historiques, nous formulons nos résultats en termes de réseaux de Petri. Nous construisons des réseaux de Petri universels et décrivons des techniques de réduction du nombre de places, de transitions et d'arcs inhibiteurs, ainsi que du degré maximal des transitions. Une bonne partie de ces techniques repose sur une généralisation des machines à registres introduite dans cette thèse et qui permet d'effectuer plusieurs tests et opérations en un seul changement d'étatThe present thesis considers the problems of computational completeness and universality for several biologically-inspired models of computation: insertion-deletion systems, networks of evolutionary processors, and multiset rewriting systems. The presented results fall into two major categories: study of expressive power of the operations of insertion and deletion with and without control, and construction of universal multiset rewriting systems of low descriptional complexity. Insertion and deletion operations consist in adding or removing a subword from a given string if this subword is surrounded by some given contexts. The motivation for studying these operations comes from biology, as well as from linguistics and the theory of formal languages. In the first part of the present work we focus on insertion-deletion systems closely related to RNA editing, which essentially consists in inserting or deleting fragments of RNA molecules. An important feature of RNA editing is the fact that the locus the operations are carried at is determined by certain sequences of nucleotides, which are always situated to the same side of the editing site. In terms of formal insertion and deletion, this phenomenon is modelled by rules which can only check their context on one side and not on the other. We show that allowing one-symbol insertion and deletion rules to check a two-symbol left context enables them to generate all regular languages. Moreover, we prove that allowing longer insertion and deletion contexts does not increase the computational power. We further consider insertion-deletion systems with additional control over rule applications and show that the computational completeness can be achieved by systems with very small rules. The motivation for studying insertion-deletion systems also comes from the domain of computer security, for the purposes of which a special kind of insertion-deletion systems called leftist grammars was introduced. In this work we propose a novel graphical instrument for visual analysis of the dynamics of such systems. The second part of the present thesis is concerned with the universality problem, which consists in finding a fixed element able to simulate the work any other computing device. We start by considering networks of evolutionary processors (NEPs), a computational model inspired by the way genetic information is processed in the living cell, and construct universal NEPs with very few rules. We then focus on multiset rewriting systems, which model the chemical processes running in the biological cell. For historical reasons, we formulate our results in terms of Petri nets. We construct a series of universal Petri nets and give several techniques for reducing the numbers of places, transitions, inhibitor arcs, and the maximal transition degree. Some of these techniques rely on a generalisation of conventional register machines, proposed in this thesis, which allows multiple register checks and operations to be performed in a single state transition
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Gioventù, Alessandra. "Test of lepton flavour universality with charm semileptonic decays". Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/15749/.
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L'universalità leptonica è una delle simmetrie del Modello Standard (SM). Essa prevede che l'accoppiamento tra i bosoni di gauge e i leptoni delle tre famiglie sia uguale. I recenti risultati sperimentali sulle transizioni b->clnu , in particolare gli osservabili R(D) e R(D*) mostrano una differenza significativa dai valori previsti dal SM, aprendo le porte alla ricerca di nuova fisica anche nei decadimenti di mesoni charmed, che a livello di quark corrispondo alla transizione c->slnu, dove l può essere un muone o un elettrone. I test dello SM sono studiati attraverso la misura del rapporto R(mu/e), definito come R(mu/e)=(dΓ(μ)/dq2)/(dΓ(e)/dq2).
In questa tesi è stato realizzato uno studio preliminare che permette la misura di R(mu/e) attraverso la catena di decadimento D*^+ -> (D^0 → K^−l^+nu)pi^+, utilizzando i dati raccolti da LHCb durante il Run-2. Al fine di ottenere le informazioni complete sui prodotti del decadimento D^0 → K^−l^+nu, inclusa la stima del momento del neutrino, è stato implementato un algoritmo di global fit (GF). Inoltre, è stata studiata la contaminazione dello spettro di massa invariante del D^{*+}, dovuta a diversi canali di fondo. Per estrarre il numero di eventi di segnale, è stato fatto un fit di chi-quadro sulla massa invariante del D^{*+}, considerando soltanto il fondo combinatorio su un campione di dati, filtrato con dei tagli di PID, utili a ridurre altri fondi.
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Schiller, Beate. "Between afrocentrism and universality : detective fiction by black women". Master's thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2004. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2005/547/.
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This paper focuses on mysteries written by the Afro-American women authors Barbara Neely and Valerie Wilson Wesley. Both authors place a black woman in the role of the detective - an innovative feature not only in the realm of female detective literature of the past two decades but also with regard to the current discourse about race and class in US-American society.This discourse is important because detective novels are considered popular literature and thus a mass product designed to favor commercial instead of literary claims. Thus, the focus is placed on the development of the two protagonists, on their lives as detectives and as black women, in order to find out whether or not and how the genre influences the depiction of Afro-American experiences. It appears that both of these detective series represent Afro-American culture in different ways, which confirms a heterogenic development of this ethnic group. However, the protagonist's search for identity and their relationships to white people could be identified as a major unifying claim of Afro-American literature.
With differing intensity, the authors Neely and Wesley provide the white or mainstream reader with insight into their culture and confront the reader's ignorance of black culture. In light of this, it is a great achievement that Neely and Wesley have reached not only a black audience but also a growing number of white readers.
Im Mittelpunkt dieser Arbeit stehen die Detektivserien der afroamerikanischen Autorinnen Barbara Neely und Valerie Wilson Wesley. Die Blanche White Mysteries von Neely und die Tamara Hayle Mysteries von Wesley repräsentieren mit der Einführung der schwarzen Hausangestellten Blanche White als Amateurdetektivin und der schwarzen Privatdetektivin Tamara Hayle nicht nur hinsichtlich der innerhalb der letzten zwanzig Jahre erschienen Welle von Kriminalautorinnen mit weiblichen Detektiven eine Innovation, sondern auch bezüglich der mit diesen Hauptfiguren verbundenen Auseinandersetzungen mit Klassenstatus und Rassismus.
Die bisher erschienen Detektivromane beider Serien werden in dieser Arbeit im Hinblick auf ihre Präsentation der Erfahrungen der Afroamerikaner in den USA der 1990er Jahre untersucht. Da Detektivromane der Populärliteratur zugerechnet werden und entsprechend ihrer Befriedigung von Massenansprüchen "produziert" werden, war die Fragestellung, ob in den genannten Detektivserien diese Hinwendung zur Mainstreamkultur mit einer verringerten Darstellung der afroamerikanischen Probleme und Lebensweise verbunden ist. Bei der Analyse der Serien wurde deshalb der Entwicklung der Protagonistinnen als Detektivinnen und als schwarze Frauen sowie der Wirkung ihrer Erzählerstimme besondere Aufmerksamkeit geschenkt.
Die beiden Serien repräsentieren die afroamerikanische Kultur auf unterschiedlichen Erfahrungsstufen, woran erkennbar ist, dass die afroamerikanische Bevölkerung in den USA keine homogene Gruppe darstellt. Ausschlaggebend für das Erreichen des Anspruchs der Afroamerikaner an ihre Literatur scheint die Auseinandersetzung mit Fragen der Identitätsfindung der schwarzen Protagonistinnen und der Beziehungen zwischen Schwarzen und Weißen zu sein. Den Autorinnen gelingt es in unterschiedlichem Maße den weißen und somit Mainstream-Lesern nicht nur einen Einblick in ihre Kultur zu vermitteln, sondern vielmehr, sie direkt mit ihrer Ignoranz gegenüber dieser schwarzen Kultur zu konfrontieren. Neelys und Wesleys große Leistung ist, dass die Stimmen ihrer Protagonistinnen sowohl ein zahlreiches schwarzes als auch ein wachsendes weißes Publikum erreichen.
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Jones, Nicholas Geraint. "Universality in high dimensional matrices and low dimensional physics". Thesis, University of Bristol, 2017. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.723481.
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Simon, Jacob B., Philip J. Armitage, Andrew N. Youdin i Rixin Li. "Evidence for Universality in the Initial Planetesimal Mass Function". IOP PUBLISHING LTD, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626045.
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Planetesimals may form from the gravitational collapse of dense particle clumps initiated by the streaming instability. We use simulations of aerodynamically coupled gas-particle mixtures to investigate whether the properties of planetesimals formed in this way depend upon the sizes of the particles that participate in the instability. Based on three high-resolution simulations that span a range of dimensionless stopping times 6 X 10(-3) <= tau <= 2, no statistically significant differences in the initial planetesimal mass function are found. The mass functions are fit by a power law, dN/dM(p) proportional to M-p(-p), with p = 1.5-1.7 and errors of Delta p approximate to 0.1. Comparing the particle density fields prior to collapse, we find that the high-wavenumber power spectra are similarly indistinguishable, though the large-scale geometry of structures induced via the streaming instability is significantly different between all three cases. We interpret the results as evidence for a near-universal slope to the mass function, arising from the small-scale structure of streaming-induced turbulence.
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Chan, Jim Shung Fai. "On the universality of mass inflation inside black holes". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0011/NQ30593.pdf.
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White, John Stephen. "Testing lepton universality using one-prong hadronic tau decays". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0004/NQ34290.pdf.
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Occelli, Alessandra [Verfasser]. "KPZ universality for last passage percolation models / Alessandra Occelli". Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1198933747/34.
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Morcom, Lindsay A. "The universality and demarcation of lexical categories cross-linguistically". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2010. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:15c6d591-9721-4a53-a390-848ea2df95af.
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Drawing data from a variety of sources, this thesis compares functional evidence regarding lexical categories from a number of Salish and Wakashan languages, as well as from the Michif language. It then applies Prototype Theory to examine the structure of the lexicons of these languages. They are described in terms of prototype categories that overlap to varying extents, with each category and each area of overlap defined by a central set of prototypical features. A high degree of gradience appears to exist between categories in Salish and Wakashan languages, with no clear boundary between categories or areas of overlap, indicating that lexical categories in these languages, rather than being clearly demarcated, are instead fuzzy categories with very little distinguishing them. Categories in Michif, on the other hand, exhibit far less overlap. This variation is compared to variation in conceptual categories across languages, and challenges the notions of the universality of clearly demarcated lexical categories and the existence of separately stored language module in the human mind. In spite of the variation in lexical category demarcation observed across the languages studied, it is possible to demarcate the categories of Noun and Verb to at least some extent in all languages, as well as a category of Adjective in some languages. This supports the proposed universality of the categories of Noun and Verb, as well as the implicational universals proposed in the Amsterdam Model of Parts of Speech (Hengeveld 1992a, b). It is also possible to identify a number of defining characteristics for each lexical category that appear to hold across languages. Since similar characteristics can be identified across languages for all categories, but the categories themselves display varying degrees of overlap in individual languages, this research supports the proposal that language universals, rather than consisting of structures, rules, and categories that are identical in all languages, are rather collections of prototypical characteristics for grammatical categories that are similar across languages (Croft 2000).
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ROA, GONZÁLEZ Iván René. "The h-theory: universality classes of hierarchical complex systems". Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2017. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/25596.
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CNPq
Complex dynamical systems can be characterized through the time series associated with dynamical variables, which yield important information on the underlying stochastic process. The probability density function, the temporal correlation function, the power spectrum, and the memory function are examples of statistical properties that can be extracted from the time series. In this thesis, we are particularly interested in describing complex phenomena in which the stationary distribution of the time series of the main dynamical variable (the signal) exhibits large deviations from Gaussian statistics, possibly showing long and heavy tails. This kind of phenomena is present in many areas of physics, biology, and economics. However, our interest is focused on spectral fluctuations in non-integrable ballistic cavities, intensity fluctuations in random lasers, turbulence in fluids, stock prices fluctuations in financial markets. We shall attempt to describe these phenomena as a composition of distributions with distinct space/time scales which arise from a hierarchical dynamics with a coupling between contiguous scales. The model to be used, denominated H-Theory, was recently proposed by our research group and consists of a set of coupled stochastic differential equations, whose stationary solution leads to a parametric family of distributions represented by Fox H-function. This result unifies and generalizes the universality classes of superstatistics, which is a formalism that has been successfully used to describe systems with two separated time scales.
na caracterização de sistemas complexos nos quais a distribuição estacionária da série temporal da variável dinâmica principal (o sinal) desvia-se substancialmente da gaussiana, podendo exibir caudas longas e pesadas. Exemplos de sistemas deste tipo podem ser encontrados em diversas áreas da física, da biologia e da economia. Contudo, centraremos nosso foco nos fenômenos de flutuações espectrais em turbulência em fluidos, variações nos preços de ações no mercado financeiro, flutuações de intensidade em lasers aleatórios em fibra óptica e estatística espectral de cavidades balísticas não-integráveis. Caracterizamos esses fenômenos como resultado da composição de distribuições com distintas escalas espaçiais/temporais que resultam de uma dinâmica hierárquica com acoplamento entre escalas contíguas. O modelo a ser usado, denominado teoria H, foi recentemente proposto por nosso grupo de pesquisa e consiste de um sistema de equações diferenciais estocásticas acopladas, cuja solução estacionária produz uma família paramétrica de distribuições representadas por funções H de Fox. Este resultado unifica e estende para múltiplas escalas as classes de universalidade da superestatística, que é um formalismo que tem sido usado com sucesso para descrever sistemas dinâmicos complexos com duas escalas temporais separadas.
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van, Gennip Simon Jan. "Understanding the extent of universality in phytoplankton spatial properties". Thesis, University of Southampton, 2014. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/378998/.
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Phytoplankton are one of the most visible signs of life in our oceans. They also are a key component of the global carbon cycle and of the marine food web. Their complex patterns at the sea surface are routinely seen in satellite images, though the first observations go back centuries. The motivation of this thesis is to explore the spatial properties of phytoplankton. Inspired by ‘universal’ theories for the dynamics of turbulence, several ones have been proposed to explain phytoplankton patchiness as a balance between turbulent stirring by the water and biological processes involving the phytoplankton. The thesis examines the extant theories of plankton patchiness using a novel twin tracer approach, specifically using in situ simultaneous Chlorophyll-a and nitrate measurements from a cruise in the North Atlantic. A significant difference is observed between the variability spectra of the two biochemical variables, an outcome potentially explained only by one theory. More generally, although numerous observations testify to the existence of scaling behaviour of phytoplankton spatial variability, the collation of these studies indicates considerable variability, and hence uncertainty, in the power law behaviour, specifically the value of the spectral ‘slope’. The many different techniques used to evaluate the spectrum, the different sources of data, and the geographical and temporal limitations associated with the data all contribute to adding noise and uncertainties in the estimates for the slope and make a comparison between studies difficult. In this thesis, the existence of the universal scaling properties of phytoplankton are tested over a wide range of spatial (sub-regional and regional) and temporal (few days to a year) scales using in situ, satellite data and model output. For this purpose a robust method is developed that reliably evaluates the spectrum of phytoplankton. A power-law behaviour in the phytoplankton spectrum is consistently found across the sources of data used and the range of scales studied (from 10 m to 130 km). However, stronger universality for the phytoplankton spectrum, defined as constant or uniform slope, is undermined by the significant variability in spectral slope that is consistently demonstrated across the spatial and temporal scales studied.
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Walmsley, David. "A Constructive Approach to the Universality Criterion for Semigroups". Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1490028671735536.
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Meehan, Sean. "On Some Universality Problems in Combinatorial Random Matrix Theory". The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1563381611232149.
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Marêché, Laure. "Kinetically constrained models : relaxation to equilibrium and universality results". Thesis, Université de Paris (2019-....), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019UNIP7125.
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Cette thèse étudie la classe de systèmes de particules en interaction appelés modèles avec contraintes cinétiques (KCM). La première question considérée est celle de l’universalité : peut-on classer l’infinité de modèles possibles en un nombre fini de classes selon leurs propriétés ? Un tel résultat a été récemment démontré dans une classe de modèles proche, la percolation bootstrap, où les modèles se subdivisent en surcritiques, critiques et sous-critiques. Cette classification s’applique aussi aux KCM, mais elle n’est pas assez fine : les KCM surcritiques doivent être subdivisés en enracinés et non enracinés, et les KCM critiques selon qu’ils ont ou pas une infinité de directions stables. Cette thèse prouve la pertinence de cette classification des KCM et complète la preuve de leur universalité dans les cas surcritique et critique, en démontrant une borne inférieure pour deux grandeurs caractéristiques, le temps de relaxation et le premier temps auquel un site est à 0, dans les cas surcritique enraciné (travail avec F. Martinelli et C. Toninelli, reposant sur un résultat combinatoire réalisé sans collaboration) et critique avec une infinité de directions stables (travail avec I. Hartarsky et C. Toninelli). Elle établit aussi une borne inférieure plus précise dans le cas particulier du modèle de Duarte (travail avec F. Martinelli et C. Toninelli). Dans un deuxième temps, cette thèse montre des résultats de convergence exponentielle vers l’équilibre, pour tous les KCM surcritiques sous certaines conditions et dans le cas particulier du modèle Est en dimension d sans restrictionThis thesis studies the class of interacting particle systems called kinetically constrained models (KCMs). It considers first the question of universality: can the infinity of possible models be sorted into a finite number of classes according to their properties? Such a result was recently proven in a related class of models, bootstrap percolation, where models can be divided into supercritical, critical and subcritical. This classification can also be applied to KCMs, but it is not precise enough: supercritical KCMs have to be divided into rooted and unrooted, and critical KCMs depending on them having or not an infinity of stable directions. This thesis shows the relevance of this classification of KCMs and completes the proof of their universality in the supercritical and critical cases, by proving a lower bound for two characteristic scales, the relaxation time and the first time at which a site is at 0, in the supercritical rooted case (work with F. Martinelli and C. Toninelli, relying on a combinatorial result shown without collaboration) and in the case of critical models with an infinity of stable directions (work with I. Hartarsky and C. Toninelli). It also establishes a more precise lower bound in the particular case of the Duarte model (work with F. Martinelli and C. Toninelli). Secondly, this thesis shows results of exponential convergence to equilibrium, for all supercritical KCMs under certain conditions and in the particular case of the d-dimensional East model without restrictions
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Snow, Gerald Taylor. "Creole Genesis and Universality: Case, Word Order, and Agreement". BYU ScholarsArchive, 2017. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6338.
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The genesis of creole languages is important to the field of linguistics for at least two reasons. As newly emerging languages, creoles provide a unique window on the human language faculty and on the development of language generally (Veenstra 2008). They also offer insight into what are arguably universal linguistic structures. Two opposing theories have been in contention in the literature with respect to creole genesis: (1) that creoles owe their origin to the lexifier and substrate languages of their speech community and to other environmental influences (McWhorter 1997); and alternatively, (2) that universal innate linguistic structures or principles are the generative source of creole grammar (Bickerton 1981). Both theories have a claim to at least partial correctness. This thesis adds new evidence in support of the universalist/innatist argument. This thesis examines five written creole languages and two signed creole languages of geographic and historical diversity and focuses on the grammatical system of case, word order, and agreement of these languages as one axis along which to investigate the issue of creole genesis and universality. The signed languages in particular offer unique data, especially the data from Nicaraguan Sign Language, where there was an absence of significant lexifier and substrate influences. Patterns of what are termed core indispensable features in these seven language systems are uncovered, examined and compared. Further comparison is made with the case, word order, and agreement features of the world's languages generally and of creole languages as a subset of the world's languages, based on data in the World Atlas of Language Structures (Dryer & Haspelmath 2009) and in the Atlas of Pidgin and Creole Language Structures (Michaelis et al. 2013b), respectively. The findings and contributions to the field made possible from the data in this thesis are that there are commonalities in the case, word order, and agreement systems of the subject creole languages that qualify as core indispensable features and that these features are generated by universal innate linguistic expectations. These commonalities are: (1) that morphological case inflection is not a core indispensable feature; (2) that SVO word order is a core indispensable feature; and (3) that agreement as a feature, seen only when word order is apparently verb final, occurs only in the signed creole languages and is more accurately interpreted as topicalization incorporated into SVO word order rather than as an independent core feature. Nicaraguan Sign Language presents especially compelling evidence for these conclusions.
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Uski, Ville. "Rare events and other deviations from universality in disordered conductors". Doctoral thesis, [S.l. : s.n.], 2001. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=968601898.
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Schlippert, Dennis [Verfasser]. "Quantum tests of the universality of free fall / Dennis Schlippert". Hannover : Technische Informationsbibliothek und Universitätsbibliothek Hannover (TIB), 2014. http://d-nb.info/1067579249/34.
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Chapman, Craig K. "Coarsening dynamical systems : dynamic scaling, universality and mean-field theories". Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2012. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/3255/.
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We study three distinct coarsening dynamical systems (CDS) and probe the underlying scaling laws and universal scaling functions. We employ a variety of computational methods to discover and analyse these intrinsic statistical objects. We consider mean-field type models, similar in nature to those used in the seminal work of Lifshitz, Slyozov and Wagner (LSW theory), and statistical information is then derived from these models. We first consider a simple particle model where each particle possesses a continuous positive parameter, called mass, which itself determines the particle’s velocity through a prescribed law of motion. The varying speeds of particles, caused by their differing masses, causes collisions to take place, in which the colliding particles then merge into a single particle while conserving mass. We computationally discover the presence of scaling laws of the characteristic scale (mean mass) and universal scaling functions for the distribution of particle mass for a family of power-law motion rules. We show that in the limit as the power-law exponent approaches infinity, this family of models approaches a probabilistic min-driven model. This min-driven model is then analysed through a mean-field type model, which yields a prediction of the universal scaling function. We also consider the conserved Kuramoto-Sivashinsky (CKS) equation and provide, in particular, a critique of the effective dynamics derived by Politi and ben-Avraham. We consider several different numerical methods for solving the CKS equation, both on fixed and adaptive grids, before settling on an implicit-explicit hybrid scheme. We then show, through a series of detailed numerical simulations of both the CKS equation and the proposed dynamics, that their particular reduction to a length-based CDS does not capture the effective dynamics of the CKS equation. Finally, we consider a faceted CDS derived from a one-dimensional geometric partial differential equation. Unusually, an obvious one-point mean-field theory for this CDS is not present. As a result, we consider the two-point distribution of facet lengths. We derive a mean-field evolution equation governing the two-point distribution, which serves as a two-dimensional generalisation of the LSW theory. Through consideration of the two-point theory, we subsequently derive a non-trivial one-point sub-model which we analytically solve. Our predicted one-point distribution bears a significant resemblance to the LSW distribution and stands in reasonable agreement with the underlying faceted CDS.
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Evans, Christine. "The work of love : Slavoj Žižek, universality, and film philosophy". Thesis, University of Kent, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.604005.
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This thesis investigates Slavoj Zizek's methodology and his radical theories on love and universality , and explores their philosophical and linguistic reverberations within film analysis. In interrogating Zizek's methodological interest in parallax - a mode in which one grasps both the thing and its opposite simultaneously - as well as his philosophical and psychoanalytic focus on love, I argue that Zizek's work has changed the way that we think about both universality and film. Like Zizek's project of destabilizing traditional attitudes towards 'higher' and 'lower-order' culture and its analysis, philosophy, psychoanalysis, and theory are never static in their application or i identity. In Zizek's work, we encounter a form of critical engagement (parallax) in which reversal and inversion constitute the subversive core of our current cultural sphere. These inversions materialize in the visual field but - as I argue - they must be explored via the route of their philosophical potentiality. In this sense, the thesis not only investigates Zizek's own contributions to philosophy, fi1m theory, and culture, but employs him to initiate discussions on seemingly incompatible topics: visual culture and love, stylistic authorial proclivities and desire, theory and belief. Each chapter in the thesis involves analyses of individual fi1ms in relation to rhetorical devices and the key Zizekian concerns of parallax, appearance, universality, and love. These chapters explore discourses on philosophy and film and question Zizek's place in these systems, Zizek's thematic and stylistic attraction to inversion, appearance, analogy, and tautology, and the implications of using love to illuminate a contemporary approach to universality. Throughout, I argue that Zizek's methodology creates an analytical space in film philosophy which is hospitable to radical and necessary involutions.
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Callanan, Sam. "An evolutionary investigation of explanations for 'near universality' in intonation". Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.632411.
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