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1

Hikmarida, Faradiba. "Relationship Between Storage and Recording with Quality of DPT Vaccine Cold Chain in Puskesmas." Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi 2, no. 3 (September 1, 2014): 380. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jbe.v2i3.2014.380-391.

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ABSTRACTIncreasing number of diphteria cases in Sidoarjo Regency, with occurrence of cases in those who had received DPT immunization shows the existence of problem concerning to immunization. The efficacy itself, depends on the quality of vaccines given. Insufficiency in cold chain may lower the quality of DPT vaccines. The purpose of this study was to analyze relationship between DPT vaccine storage and recording for DPT vaccines cold chain with quality of DPT vaccine cold chain in puskesmas Sidoarjo Regency. This research is a descriptive research with cross sectional design. Sample used we
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Hikmarida, Faradiba. "Relationship Between Storage and Recording with Quality of DPT Vaccine Cold Chain in Puskesmas." Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi 2, no. 3 (September 1, 2014): 380. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jbe.v2i32014.380-391.

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ABSTRACTIncreasing number of diphteria cases in Sidoarjo Regency, with occurrence of cases in those who had received DPT immunization shows the existence of problem concerning to immunization. The efficacy itself, depends on the quality of vaccines given. Insufficiency in cold chain may lower the quality of DPT vaccines. The purpose of this study was to analyze relationship between DPT vaccine storage and recording for DPT vaccines cold chain with quality of DPT vaccine cold chain in puskesmas Sidoarjo Regency. This research is a descriptive research with cross sectional design. Sample used we
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Bishai, David M., Sucheta Bhatt, Lee T. Miller, and Gregory F. Hayden. "Vaccine Storage Practices in Pediatric Offices." Pediatrics 89, no. 2 (February 1, 1992): 193–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.89.2.193.

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Fifty pediatric offices and clinics in the metropolitan Los Angeles area were visited to assess vaccine storage practices. Questionnaires were administered to the personnel responsible for vaccine storage and the vaccine refrigerators were inspected. Only 16% of vaccine storage coordinators could cite appropriate storage temperatures for vaccines and 18% were unaware that heat can harm certain vaccines. Refrigerator thermometers were checked at least weekly in only 20% of offices, and 22% of the refrigerators had inappropriately high temperatures. Vaccines were routinely stored outside of the
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Armstrong, Kirsty. "Care of vaccines: ensuring safe storage." Practice Nursing 32, Sup12 (December 1, 2021): S12—S14. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/pnur.2021.32.sup12.s12.

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Vaccines cost the NHS around £200 million a year and the loss of only one dose of Pediacel vaccine a month in each general practice would cost an estimated £4 million a year. There is a collective responsibility for the safe ordering, storage and administration of vaccines which will be covered in this article.
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Verma, Anita, Beth McNichol, Rocío I. Domínguez-Castillo, Juan C. Amador-Molina, Juan L. Arciniega, Karine Reiter, Bruce D. Meade, Miriam M. Ngundi, Scott Stibitz, and Drusilla L. Burns. "Use of Site-Directed Mutagenesis To Model the Effects of Spontaneous Deamidation on the Immunogenicity of Bacillus anthracis Protective Antigen." Infection and Immunity 81, no. 1 (October 31, 2012): 278–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.00863-12.

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Long-term stability is a desired characteristic of vaccines, especially anthrax vaccines, which must be stockpiled for large-scale use in an emergency situation; however, spontaneous deamidation of purified vaccine antigens has the potential to adversely affect vaccine immunogenicity over time. In order to explore whether spontaneous deamidation of recombinant protective antigen (rPA)—the major component of new-generation anthrax vaccines—affects vaccine immunogenicity, we created a “genetically deamidated” form of rPA using site-directed mutagenesis to replace six deamidation-prone asparagine
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Youssef, Dalia, Rachel Mearkle, and Karen Ford. "Responding to errors in the storage, handling, and administration of vaccines." Practice Nursing 31, no. 2 (February 2, 2020): 62–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/pnur.2020.31.2.62.

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The storage, handling, and administration of vaccines is a complex process. When errors occur, practice nurses must respond appropriately. Dalia Youssef, Rachel Mearkle and Karen Ford provide an overview of recent guidance and advice on how to avoid and deal with vaccine incidents Vaccination is one of the most effective public health interventions. It helps to prevent infectious disease and save lives. However, the storage, handling, and administration of vaccines is a complex process that is not immune to error. Vaccine incidents—including interruption of the cold chain—can undermine vaccine
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Gordon, Charlotte, Debbie Porteous, and John Unsworth. "COVID-19 vaccines and vaccine administration." British Journal of Nursing 30, no. 6 (March 25, 2021): 344–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjon.2021.30.6.344.

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This article provides an overview of current COVID-19 vaccines available within the UK, including their mode of action, storage and handling. It outlines the recommendations on priority groups for vaccination and provides insight into the training recommendations for vaccinators.
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Hendrarsakti, Jooned, RB Dinda Permatasari, Erstrela Belia Muaja, Iqbal Muwahid, Leonard Alvin, Muhammad Romadhona, and Naufal Riyandi. "Identification of Potential Geothermal Energy Used for Vaccine COVID-19 Cold Storage Box Using Absorptive Refrigeration." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1014, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 012012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1014/1/012012.

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Abstract A variety of vaccines of Covid 19 have been developed by different drug makers. Each vaccine brand requires different storage temperature ranged from 2-8°C, which then requires a cold storage box. In Indonesia, vaccine transportation and storage become big challenges to ensure the vaccines in good condition before use. This research focused to find out the possibility of using geothermal energy from Lahendong geothermal power plant unit 5 in Tompaso, North Sulawesi, for 5 liters-cold storage for Covid-19 vaccine using ammonia-water absorptive refrigeration and to identify the possible
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Mustika, Dian Nintyasari, and Sherkia Ichtiarsi Prakasiwi. "Vaccine Cold Chain Management at Puskesmas Level in Semarang City." Jurnal Kebidanan 11, no. 1 (February 17, 2022): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.26714/jk.11.1.2022.89-96.

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At present, measles is the biggest cause of child mortality among other diseases that can be prevented by immunization. Vaccines are biological elements that have certain characteristics and require special cold chain handling of vaccines since they are produced at the factory until they are used in service units. With the wrong method of storing vaccines, it can cause damage to the vaccine causing AEFI (Post Immunization Adverse Events). Cold chain procedures must be managed properly by keeping vaccines within the recommended temperature range from the transport stage to vaccine storage. The
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Santos, Alexandre F., Pedro D. Gaspar, and Heraldo J. L. de Souza. "Refrigeration of COVID-19 Vaccines: Ideal Storage Characteristics, Energy Efficiency and Environmental Impacts of Various Vaccine Options." Energies 14, no. 7 (March 26, 2021): 1849. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14071849.

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This article considers the ideal storage conditions for multiple vaccine brands, such as Pfizer, Moderna, CoronaVac, Oxford–AstraZeneca, Janssen COVID-19 and Sputnik V. Refrigerant fluid options for each storage condition, thermal load to cool each type of vaccine and environmental impacts of refrigerants are compared. An energy simulation using the EUED (energy usage effectiveness design) index was developed. The Oxford–AstraZeneca, Janssen COVID-19 and CoronaVac vaccines show 9.34-times higher energy efficiency than Pfizer. In addition, a TEWI (total equivalent warming impact) simulation was
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11

Campa, Cristiana, Thierry Pronce, Marilena Paludi, Jos Weusten, Laura Conway, James Savery, Christine Richards, and Didier Clénet. "Use of Stability Modeling to Support Accelerated Vaccine Development and Supply." Vaccines 9, no. 10 (September 30, 2021): 1114. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9101114.

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Stability assessment of pharmaceuticals in specific storage and shipment conditions is a key requirement to ensure that safe and efficacious products are administered to patients. This is particularly relevant for vaccines, with numerous vaccines strictly requiring cold storage to remain stable. When stability evaluation is exclusively based on real-time data, it may represent a bottleneck for rapid and effective vaccine access. Stability modeling for vaccines represents a key resource to predict stability based on accelerated stability studies; nevertheless, this approach is not fully exploit
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Berg, Adam, Daniel Wright, Pawan Dulal, Anna Stedman, Sofiya Fedosyuk, Michael J. Francis, Bryan Charleston, George M. Warimwe, and Alexander D. Douglas. "Stability of Chimpanzee Adenovirus Vectored Vaccines (ChAdOx1 and ChAdOx2) in Liquid and Lyophilised Formulations." Vaccines 9, no. 11 (October 28, 2021): 1249. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9111249.

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Adenovirus vectored vaccines have entered global use during the COVID-19 pandemic, and are in development for multiple other human and veterinary applications. An attraction of the technology is the suitability of the vaccines for storage at 2–8 °C for months. Widely used COVID-19 vaccine ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (University of Oxford/AstraZeneca) is based on a species E simian adenovirus. Species E simian serotypes have been used in a wide range of other development programs, but the stability of such vectors has not been extensively described in the peer-reviewed literature. Here, we explore the stab
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13

Garaba, S. A., and U. Imogie. "THE STABILITY OF WET T1 CONTAGIOUS BOVINE PLEUROPNEUMONIA VACCINE." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 9, no. 1 (January 16, 2021): 58–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v9i1.2283.

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THE stability of wet T1 contagious bovine plenropneumonia (CBPP) Vaccine stored at 4°C was studied. Two large batches of the vaccines were stored at 4°C for up to 5 months. From the third month of storage, the vaccines were used to vac­cinate CBPP-free animals. The immune levels of the animals were monitored by complement fixation test (CET) and challenge trial. The results indicated that all the vaccinated animals produced reasonable an­tibody titres even after 5 months storage. Also, all the animals vaccinated with vaccines stored between 3 to 5 months resisted infection by contact while ail
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14

Kasi, Parthiban, and M. Cheralathan. "Review of cascade refrigeration systems for vaccine storage." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2054, no. 1 (October 1, 2021): 012041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2054/1/012041.

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Abstract Various models are already developed to achieve the refrigerating effect. Each refrigeration system has its own set of benefits and drawbacks, as well as a unique application. The vapor compression refrigeration system and the sorption refrigeration system are the two most prominent refrigeration technologies that may be utilized for a variety of purposes. In the medical profession, cascade refrigeration will be established in the storage of blood banks, plasma, vaccines, bone banks, biological fluids storage, etc. Storing heat-sensitive vaccines at the right temperature is crucial ye
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15

Casto, Daniel T., and Philip A. Brunell. "Safe Handling of Vaccines." Pediatrics 87, no. 1 (January 1, 1991): 108–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.87.1.108.

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The development of safe and effective vaccines for the prevention of infectious diseases associated with high mortality or morbidity is among the most significant accomplishments in medicine. The ultimate goal of eradication of a disease through immunization is an elusive one, having been achieved for only one disease—smallpox. However, a significant reduction in the number of childhood cases of diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, poliomyelitis, measles, mumps, and rubella has been realized through the use of modern immunizing agents. Recent introduction of vaccines for the prevention of invasive
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Rusnack, Michael. "COVID Vaccine Transport, Storage, and Distribution: Cold Chain Management to Ensure Efficacy." INNOVATIONS in pharmacy 12, no. 4 (October 6, 2021): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.24926/iip.v12i4.4225.

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The Vaccines for Children Program (VFC) is a federally funded program in the United States, providing vaccines to children who lack health insurance or who otherwise cannot afford the vaccination cost. The VFC program was created in 1993 and is required to be a new entitlement of each State's Medicaid plan. The program was officially implemented in October 1994 and served eligible children in all United States (US). Other countries, the United Nations (UN), and the World Health Organization (WHO), have similar programs. A critical aspect of these programs is the guidance surrounding the enviro
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Uddin, Mohammad N., and Monzurul A. Roni. "Challenges of Storage and Stability of mRNA-Based COVID-19 Vaccines." Vaccines 9, no. 9 (September 17, 2021): 1033. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9091033.

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In December 2019, a new and highly pathogenic coronavirus emerged—coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), quickly spread throughout the world. In response to this global pandemic, a few vaccines were allowed for emergency use, beginning in November 2020, of which the mRNA-based vaccines by Moderna (Moderna, Cambridge, MA, USA) and BioNTech (BioTech, Mainz, Germany)/Pfizer (Pfizer, New York, NY, USA) have been identified as the most effective ones. The mRNA platform allowed rapid development of vaccines, but their gl
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Sayers, Samantha, Guerlain Ulysse, Zuoshuang Xiang, and Yongqun He. "Vaxjo: A Web-Based Vaccine Adjuvant Database and Its Application for Analysis of Vaccine Adjuvants and Their Uses in Vaccine Development." Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology 2012 (2012): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/831486.

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Vaccine adjuvants are compounds that enhance host immune responses to co-administered antigens in vaccines. Vaxjo is a web-based central database and analysis system that curates, stores, and analyzes vaccine adjuvants and their usages in vaccine development. Basic information of a vaccine adjuvant stored in Vaxjo includes adjuvant name, components, structure, appearance, storage, preparation, function, safety, and vaccines that use this adjuvant. Reliable references are curated and cited. Bioinformatics scripts are developed and used to link vaccine adjuvants to different adjuvanted vaccines
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Lugelo, Ahmed, Katie Hampson, Machunde Bigambo, Rudovick Kazwala, and Felix Lankester. "Controlling Human Rabies: The Development of an Effective, Inexpensive and Locally Made Passive Cooling Device for Storing Thermotolerant Animal Rabies Vaccines." Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease 5, no. 3 (August 11, 2020): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed5030130.

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Thermotolerant vaccines greatly improved the reach and impact of large-scale vaccination programs to eliminate diseases such as smallpox, polio and rinderpest. A recent study demonstrated that the potency of the Nobivac® Canine Rabies vaccine was not impacted following experimental storage at 30 °C for three months. We conducted a study to develop a passive cooling device (PCD) that could store thermotolerant vaccines under fluctuating subambient temperatures. Through a participatory process with local communities in Northern Tanzania, we developed innovative PCD designs for local manufacture.
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D’Amico, Carmine, Flavia Fontana, Ruoyu Cheng, and Hélder A. Santos. "Development of vaccine formulations: past, present, and future." Drug Delivery and Translational Research 11, no. 2 (February 17, 2021): 353–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13346-021-00924-7.

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AbstractThe current situation, heavily influenced by the ongoing pandemic, puts vaccines back into the spotlight. However, the conventional and traditional vaccines present disadvantages, particularly related to immunogenicity, stability, and storage of the final product. Often, such products require the maintenance of a “cold chain,” impacting the costs, the availability, and the distribution of vaccines. Here, after a recall of the mode of action of vaccines and the types of vaccines currently available, we analyze the past, present, and future of vaccine formulation. The past focuses on con
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Jahan, Archie, Shoyaib, Kabir, and Cheung. "Recent Approaches for Solid Dose Vaccine Delivery." Scientia Pharmaceutica 87, no. 4 (October 14, 2019): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/scipharm87040027.

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Recent studies on vaccine delivery systems are exploring the possibility of replacing liquid vaccines with solid dose vaccines due to the many advantages that solid dose vaccines can offer. These include the prospect of a needle-free vaccine delivery system leading to better patient compliance, cold chain storage, less-trained vaccinators and fewer chances for needle stick injury hazards. Some studies also indicate that vaccines in a solid dosage form can result in a higher level of immunogenicity compared to the liquid form, thus providing a dose-sparing effect. This review outlines the diffe
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Muhammad, Dildar. "COVID-19; VACCINE ADMINISTRATION AND THE ROLE OF NURSES/ MIDWIVES." Journal of Farkhanda Institute of Nursing And Public Health (JFINPH) 1, no. 01 (August 1, 2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.37762/jfinph.14.

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The COVID-19 vaccine is finally available in the market and across the globe its public administration has started widely. Safe and effective administration of COVID-19 vaccine is the primary responsibility of nurses, midwives and other healthcare professionals1. Therefore, nurses and other professionals who are involved in administering vaccines must be knowledgeable, confident and competent. Nurses have main role in the administration of the COVID-19 vaccine therefore it is compulsory that nurses possess accurate knowledge and skills to administer vaccines2. Core competencies required of nur
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Zheng, Yiwu, Xuxin Lai, Henrik Ipsen, Jørgen Nedergaard Larsen, Henning Løwenstein, Ib Søndergaard, and Susanne Jacobsen. "The structural stability of protein antigens adsorbed by aluminium hydroxide in comparison to the antigens in solutions." Spectroscopy 21, no. 5-6 (2007): 257–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2007/354959.

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It is believed that antigens should be adsorbed onto adjuvants in vaccines. The adsorption-modified structure of antigens is important to understand the mechanism of adjuvants and vaccine immunogenicity. The structural stability of antigens is of major importance. The changes in structure can be induced by degradation and/or increase of storage temperature. In this study the structural stability of two model antigens, bovine serum albumin (BSA) andβ-lactoglobulin (BLG) were compared when they were adsorbed onto aluminium hydroxide and when they were in solutions using Fourier transform infrare
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Hasanuddin, Asni, Jurnal Syarif, and Ricvan Dana Nindrea. "The Evaluation of Needs and Weaknesses of The Immunization Program in Kodingareng and Barranglompo Island, Makassar City, South Sulawesi, Indonesia." International Journal of Community Service (IJCS) 1, no. 2 (December 1, 2022): 173–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.55299/ijcs.v1i2.208.

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Objectives: This study evaluates the needs and weaknesses of the immunization program in the Kodingareng Island and Barranglompo Islands, Makassar City, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Materials & Methods: This research is qualitative research at the Center Health Service islands Kodingareng and Barranglompo Makassar City. Research informants were the head of the Sub-Health Service, immunization officers, immunization cadres Kodingareng Islands and Barranglompo Makassar City. The data analysis was done by triangulation.Results: The results showed that there was still a lack of immunization exec
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Buitendach, Henning, Immanuel Ninma Jiya, and Rupert Gouws. "Solar powered peltier cooling storage for vaccines in rural areas." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 17, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v17.i1.pp36-46.

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The research presented in this paper proposes a new design of a vaccine cooling and storage unit that can keep vaccines in the cold chain (2°C to 8°C). This design was done to facilitate effective completion of the African vaccination week. The cooling and storage unit was designed to be compact, portable, well isolated and to make use of a PV solar energy system as a source of electricity. The cooling unit makes use of a Liquid to Air thermoelectric cooling module connected to some tubing and a liquid pump to cool the inside of the cooling unit. The design process also included designing a co
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Desai, Sachin N., and Deepak Kamat. "Closing the Global Immunization Gap: Delivery of Lifesaving Vaccines Through Innovation and Technology." Pediatrics In Review 35, no. 7 (July 1, 2014): e32-e40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/pir.35.7.e32.

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One of every 5 children does not receive basic vaccines because of concerns related to storage and delivery in resource limited countries. Transporting vaccines over long distances in extreme temperatures is a common challenge. Issues that involve production and formulation, delivery technologies, cold chain logistics, and safety factors need to be addressed to properly adapt vaccines to resource constrained settings. Current successful field interventions include United Nation Children’s Fund cold boxes, which are used to store and distribute vaccine in disaster struck areas, and vaccine vial
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Md Khairi, Lukman Nul Hakim, Mathumalar Loganathan Fahrni, and Antonio Ivan Lazzarino. "The Race for Global Equitable Access to COVID-19 Vaccines." Vaccines 10, no. 8 (August 12, 2022): 1306. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10081306.

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COVID-19 vaccines are possibly the most effective medical countermeasures to mitigate and ultimately bring to a halt the COVID-19 pandemic. As we transition to endemicity, inequitable access to vaccines, and particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), still poses risks of unprecedented disruptions and the emergence of viral mutations, which potentially lead to notorious vaccine-resistant variants. The missteps learned from the previous responses to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and influenza outbreaks founded the hypothetical plan to ensure that vaccine accessibility to
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Hensley, Casey, Peng Zhou, Sofia Schnur, Hassan M. Mahsoub, Yu Liang, Min-Xuan Wang, Caroline Page, Lijuan Yuan, and Victor Bronshtein. "Thermostable, Dissolvable Buccal Film Rotavirus Vaccine Is Highly Effective in Neonatal Gnotobiotic Pig Challenge Model." Vaccines 9, no. 5 (April 30, 2021): 437. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9050437.

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Difficulties related to storage and transport of currently available live oral rotavirus vaccines can have detrimental consequences on the efficacy of the vaccines. Thus, there is a great need for thermostable vaccines that can eliminate the necessity for cold chain storage or reconstitution before administration. In this study, we developed a dissolvable oral polymeric film comprised of a live attenuated thermostable tetravalent rhesus-human reassortant rotavirus vaccine (RRV-TV) powder and antacid (CaCO3). Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of the vaccine after buccal delivery was evalua
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Xu, Shuqin, Kunpeng Yang, Rose Li, and Lu Zhang. "mRNA Vaccine Era—Mechanisms, Drug Platform and Clinical Prospection." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 18 (September 9, 2020): 6582. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21186582.

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Messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA)-based drugs, notably mRNA vaccines, have been widely proven as a promising treatment strategy in immune therapeutics. The extraordinary advantages associated with mRNA vaccines, including their high efficacy, a relatively low severity of side effects, and low attainment costs, have enabled them to become prevalent in pre-clinical and clinical trials against various infectious diseases and cancers. Recent technological advancements have alleviated some issues that hinder mRNA vaccine development, such as low efficiency that exist in both gene translation and in
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Gualli Asitimbay, Mayra Alexandra, Isabel Cristina Mesa-Cano, and Andrés Alexis Ramírez-Coronel. "The cold chain for the conservation of vaccines against covid-19: systemic review." Pro Sciences: Revista de Producción, Ciencias e Investigación 5, no. 41 (December 30, 2021): 282–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.29018/issn.2588-1000vol5iss41.2021pp282-289.

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The cold chain is a set of standards and procedures that ensure the correct storage and distribution of vaccines to health services from the national to the local level. Objective: To examine the scientific evidence on the cold chain for the conservation of COVID-19 vaccines. Methodology: An organized exploration of original articles was carried out by searching scientific articles published in databases such as: PubMed, SciELO, Web of Science, Google Scholar, also documents from health organizations and authorities; using the following keywords (cold chain, vaccine conservation, knowledge, nu
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Lamabadusuriya, Sanath P. "Power cuts and storage of vaccines." Sri Lanka Journal of Child Health 31, no. 1 (July 16, 2009): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/sljch.v31i1.805.

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Chiodini, Jane. "Safe storage and handling of vaccines." Nursing Standard 28, no. 25 (February 19, 2014): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns2014.02.28.25.45.e8486.

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Hunter, S. "Storage of vaccines in general practice." BMJ 299, no. 6700 (September 9, 1989): 661–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.299.6700.661.

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Santos, Alexandre F., Pedro D. Gaspar, and Heraldo J. L. de Souza. "Evaluating the Energy Efficiency and Environmental Impact of COVID-19 Vaccines Coolers through New Optimization Indexes: Comparison between Refrigeration Systems Using HFC or Natural Refrigerants." Processes 10, no. 4 (April 17, 2022): 790. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10040790.

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COVID-19 vaccines are used worldwide to promote immunity and, in that sense, vaccination is a step forward toward ending the pandemic. Nevertheless, current vaccines must be ultra-cold or cold-stored. Vaccine coolers’ energy demand and greenhouse gas emissions lead to a significant environmental impact. This article predicts the environmental and energy impacts of some COVID-19 vaccines: Moderna, Janssen, CoronaVac, Pfizer, AstraZeneca–Oxford–Covishield, and Sputnik V, in terms of carbon dioxide emissions using a new approach for the TEWI (Total Equivalent Warming Impact) methodology, with sev
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Aves, Kara-Lee, Christoph M. Janitzek, Cyrielle E. Fougeroux, Thor G. Theander, and Adam F. Sander. "Freeze-Drying of a Capsid Virus-like Particle-Based Platform Allows Stable Storage of Vaccines at Ambient Temperature." Pharmaceutics 14, no. 6 (June 18, 2022): 1301. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14061301.

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The requirement of an undisrupted cold chain during vaccine distribution is a major economic and logistical challenge limiting global vaccine access. Modular, nanoparticle-based platforms are expected to play an increasingly important role in the development of the next-generation vaccines. However, as with most vaccines, they are dependent on the cold chain in order to maintain stability and efficacy. Therefore, there is a pressing need to develop thermostable formulations that can be stored at ambient temperature for extended periods without the loss of vaccine efficacy. Here, we investigate
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Petrovic, Vladimir, Zorica Seguljev, and Branka Gajin. "Maintaining the cold chain for vaccines." Medical review 58, no. 7-8 (2005): 333–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/mpns0508333p.

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Cold chain for vaccines a is a system for storing and transporting vaccines at very low temperatures to maintain their effectiveness before use. Because vaccines are sensitive biological substances, their exposition to high temperatures directly affects the quality of vaccines and safety of immunization. The goal of this study was to assess the safety of cold chain for vaccines within the cold chain system in two services of Health Center Novi Sad. Cold Chain Monitors (CCM) and Freeze Watch (FW) indicators were used. A total of 155 (94.5%) Cold Chain Monitors (CCM) and 100 (95.2%) Freeze Watch
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Sheikh, Abu Baker, Suman Pal, Nismat Javed, and Rahul Shekhar. "COVID-19 Vaccination in Developing Nations: Challenges and Opportunities for Innovation." Infectious Disease Reports 13, no. 2 (May 14, 2021): 429–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/idr13020041.

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Vaccines offer a hope toward ending the global pandemic caused by SARS-CoV2. Mass vaccination of the global population offers hope to curb the spread. Developing nations, however, face monumental challenges in procurement, allocation, distribution and uptake of vaccines. Inequities in vaccine supply are already evident with resource-rich nations having secured a large chunk of the available vaccine doses for 2021. Once supplies are made available, vaccines will have to be distributed and administered to entire populations—with considerations for individual risk level, remote geography, cultura
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Huizen, Lenny Margaretta, Titis Handayani, Saifur Rohman Cholil, and Yanti Faradilah. "Optimizing costs for vaccine control using the reorder point approach." Register: Jurnal Ilmiah Teknologi Sistem Informasi 7, no. 1 (March 17, 2021): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.26594/register.v7i1.2099.

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Vaccines are biological products that have an important role in human immunity. In Indonesia, some vaccines are categorized as compulsory vaccines and additional vaccines. The demand for additional vaccines is less predictable because they are not mandatory for use. This of course makes the amount of demand for vaccines less predictable. Also, the price of additional vaccines is not cheap when compared to the price of mandatory vaccines. So that the management of vaccines in the pharmacy warehouse is needed so that the amount of supply and demand is balanced so that the costs incurred will be
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Saramago, Sean, Joana Magalhães, and Marina Pinheiro. "Tuberculosis Vaccines: An Update of Recent and Ongoing Clinical Trials." Applied Sciences 11, no. 19 (October 5, 2021): 9250. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11199250.

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TB remains a global health challenge and, until now, only one licensed vaccine (the BCG vaccine) is available. The main goal of this work is to assess the progress in the development of new TB vaccines and highlight the research in nanovaccines. A review was conducted using a methodology with the appropriate keywords and inclusion and exclusion criteria. The search revealed 37 clinical trials that were further reviewed. The results available have reported good immunogenicity and safety profiles for the vaccines under investigation. Over the last five years, the vaccines, VPM1002 and Vaccae, ha
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Oliveira, Solange A., Maria L. P. Loureiro, Carlos R. V. Kiffer, and Luiz M. F. Maduro. "Re-evaluation of the basic procedures involved in the storage of measles vaccine in public health units of the municipality of Niterói, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil." Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical 26, no. 3 (September 1993): 145–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0037-86821993000300003.

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Four years after the first visit seventeen public health units were visited again and evaluated as to standards of storage recommended by the Brazilian Immunization Programme. In 100% of the units, refrigerators and proper inside location of vaccines in the refrigerator were adequatety or regularfy maintained and checked, respectively. However, when control of temperature was checked, onfy 64.7% presented adequate storage conditions. In 94.1 % of the units, health workers complained of lack of immediate technical support in emergency situations. In 55.2 % the titers vaccine samples of were und
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Shollenberger, Lisa, Rafaella Grenfell, E. Samli, and Donald Harn. "Enhancing immunogenicity of recombinant protein vaccines in mice with vaccine self-assembling immune matrix, a non-viral delivery platform (VAC8P.1059)." Journal of Immunology 194, no. 1_Supplement (May 1, 2015): 144.15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.194.supp.144.15.

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Abstract Vaccination remains the most effective public health tool to prevent infectious disease. Many vaccines are marginally effective in general, or are less efficacious when used in immune-compromised populations. To enhance vaccine immunogenicity, we exploited the biphasic property of the (RADA)4 synthetic oligopeptide to create a new vaccine delivery method, VacSIM (vaccine self-assembling immune matrix). Vaccine components are mixed with the VacSIM solution for injection, after which the (RADA)4 peptides self-assemble into hydrated nanofiber gel-matrices, forming a vaccine depot with th
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Zhao, Sanxia, Shijie Yan, Jianqiu Bai, and Chunbo Wang. "Stability of purified Vero cell-derived inactivated Japanese Encephalitis vaccines under various conditions." Journal of Applied Virology 4, no. 3 (September 21, 2015): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.21092/jav.v4i3.52.

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<p>The stability of three batches of purified Vero cell-derived, inactivated Japanese encephalitis vaccines was evaluated under various conditions. Vaccine products were stored separately at 2 to 8 ℃ and 37 ℃. At various times, vaccines samples were taken and evaluated for appearance, pH, residual aluminum, titer, and the results were compared with corresponding data of release tests. All three batches of vaccine products were conforming to release test standards, with residual host DNA being less than 100pg/dose, residual protein being 23.5ng/ml, and residual bovine albumin being 8.9ng/
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Yan, Yuxin, Yoongxin Pang, Zhuoyi Lyu, Ruiqi Wang, Xinyun Wu, Chong You, Haitao Zhao, et al. "The COVID-19 Vaccines: Recent Development, Challenges and Prospects." Vaccines 9, no. 4 (April 5, 2021): 349. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9040349.

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The highly infectious coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) associated with the pathogenic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread to become a global pandemic. At present, the world is relying mainly on containment and hygiene-related measures, as well as repurposed drugs to control the outbreak. The development of COVID-19 vaccines is crucial for the world to return to pre-pandemic normalcy, and a collective global effort has been invested into protection against SARS-CoV-2. As of March 2021, thirteen vaccines have been approved for application whilst over 90 vac
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Chao, Chien-Chung, Zhiwen Zhang, Tatyana Belinskaya, Le Jiang, Brian J. Morrison, Jose Garcia Rivera, Hua-Wei Chen, and Wei-Mei Ching. "Investigation of the Sterility of Diluent in Prefilled Syringes Used for Vaccine Reconstitution at Department of Defense Recruit Training Sites." Military Medicine 185, no. 9-10 (August 13, 2020): e1440-e1446. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/milmed/usaa181.

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Abstract Introduction Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) and varicella (VAR) vaccines are the two vaccines administered in large recruit training sites (RTS) that require a single-use syringe to be prefilled with the diluent (ie water) before vaccine reconstitution. Since there are no preservatives in either MMR or VAR vaccines, it is critical to maintain the diluent sterile to ensure the sterility of the reconstituted vaccine. The Department of Defense/Defense Health Agency has instructions on reconstitution of lyophilized vaccines and guidelines for their storage. Vaccine manufacturers provid
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Maeda, Denicar Lina Nascimento Fabris, Debin Tian, Hanna Yu, Nakul Dar, Vignesh Rajasekaran, Sarah Meng, Hassan M. Mahsoub, et al. "Killed whole-genome reduced-bacteria surface-expressed coronavirus fusion peptide vaccines protect against disease in a porcine model." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 18 (April 15, 2021): e2025622118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2025622118.

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As the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic rages on, it is important to explore new evolution-resistant vaccine antigens and new vaccine platforms that can produce readily scalable, inexpensive vaccines with easier storage and transport. We report here a synthetic biology-based vaccine platform that employs an expression vector with an inducible gram-negative autotransporter to express vaccine antigens on the surface of genome-reduced bacteria to enhance interaction of vaccine antigen with the immune system. As a proof-of-principle, we utilized genome-reduced Escherichia coli to expre
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Mwendwa, Purity, Simon Githui, Eunice Marete, and Thilo Kroll. "COVID-19 and vaccines in Africa: a descriptive and thematic analysis of Twitter content." HRB Open Research 4 (May 5, 2021): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/hrbopenres.13255.1.

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Introduction: As coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines become available, it becomes important to understand public perceptions of the vaccines and implementation plans. The social media platform TwitterTM, which publicly shares information, serves as an important source of content related to COVID-19 vaccines. This study employed a qualitative descriptive design to examine content related to COVID-19 vaccines posted by Twitter users located in Africa. Methods: Data were collected from Twitter between the 11th and the 16th of December 2020 using the NCapture tool. We searched Twitter usi
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Armstrong, Kirsty. "The safe storage and management of vaccines." Practice Nursing 29, no. 4 (April 2, 2018): 167–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/pnur.2018.29.4.167.

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Seprényi, Kitti, Péter Tamás, and Ákos Cservenák. "Logistics and Cold Chain Relationship." Advanced Logistic Systems - Theory and Practice 16, no. 2 (December 15, 2022): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.32971/als.2022.012.

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The emergence of vaccines to contain and defeat the now-famous virus has been a huge step forward for mankind, but how and under what conditions these vaccines can get from the place of production to the place of use has been a major challenge. Whether in packaging or transport, there are stringent requirements to be met and COVID-19 vaccines have different cold chain requirements depending on the type of vaccine, its thermal stability, its current condition, and its shelf life at different storage temperatures. Currently, one vaccine must be stored and transported at ultra-low temperature (UL
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ÇEVİK, Veli Ahmet. "Tarihin En Kapsamlı Soğuk Zincir Uygulaması: Koronavirüs (Covid-19) Aşısının Lojistiğinde Karşılaşılan Zorluklar." Üsküdar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 7, no. 12 (2021): 155–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.32739/uskudarsbd.7.12.88.

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The coronavirus pandemic, one of the biggest pandemics of the last century, which emerged in Wuhan, China in the last months of 2019, continues to negatively affect life all over the world. The measures taken for the pandemic did not stop the spread of the disease and revealed medical requirements. Vaccines have been one of the most effective medical ways of preventing diseases. Vaccination studies for coronavirus disease started shortly after the emergence of the disease, and more than a hundred vaccine candidates were announced in about a year, and the distribution of those who passed the ne
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Oo, Aung Naing, Pruthu Thekkur, Aye Mya Cha Thar, Kyaw Ko Ko Htet, and Htar Htar Lin. "Small Session Size and Big Vial Size: Operational Research Assessing Open Vial Vaccine Wastage at the Service Delivery Points in the Mandalay Region of Myanmar During 2018." Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease 5, no. 2 (April 15, 2020): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed5020060.

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The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends immunization programmes to monitor vaccine wastage at storage and service delivery points. As there were no vaccine wastage assessments in Myanmar, we aimed to assess the vaccine wastage rates in the Mandalay region. We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study with the inclusion of all immunization sessions conducted through the twenty randomly selected subcentres in the year 2018. The wastage rates were calculated by aggregating vaccine utilization data from selected subcentres. The vaccine wastage rates for Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) (5
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