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1

Kubáček, Lubomír. "Linear model with inaccurate variance components." Applications of Mathematics 41, no. 6 (1996): 433–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.21136/am.1996.134336.

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2

Volaufová, Júlia. "On variance of the two-stage estimator in variance-covariance components model." Applications of Mathematics 38, no. 1 (1993): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.21136/am.1993.104529.

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3

Pardavi-Horvath, M., E. Della Torre, and F. Vajda. "A variable variance Preisach model (garnet film)." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 29, no. 6 (November 1993): 3793–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/20.281302.

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Zainodin, H. J., G. Khuneswari, A. Noraini, and F. A. A. Haider. "Selected Model Systematic Sequence via Variance Inflationary Factor." International Journal of Applied Physics and Mathematics 5, no. 2 (2015): 105–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.17706/ijapm.2015.5.2.105-114.

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5

Bishop, Craig H., and Elizabeth A. Satterfield. "Hidden Error Variance Theory. Part I: Exposition and Analytic Model." Monthly Weather Review 141, no. 5 (May 1, 2013): 1454–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr-d-12-00118.1.

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Abstract A conundrum of predictability research is that while the prediction of flow-dependent error distributions is one of its main foci, chaos fundamentally hides flow-dependent forecast error distributions from empirical observation. Empirical estimation of such error distributions requires a large sample of error realizations given the same flow-dependent conditions. However, chaotic elements of the flow and the observing network make it impossible to collect a large enough conditioned error sample to empirically define such distributions and their variance. Such conditional variances are
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6

Borcia, I. D., L. Spinu, and A. Stancu. "A Preisach-Neel model with thermally variable variance." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 38, no. 5 (September 2002): 2415–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmag.2002.803611.

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7

Hjalmarsson, H. "A Model Variance Estimator." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 26, no. 2 (July 1993): 335–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)49139-7.

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8

Koul, Hira L., and Weixing Song. "Conditional variance model checking." Journal of Statistical Planning and Inference 140, no. 4 (April 2010): 1056–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jspi.2009.10.008.

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9

Stuchlý, Jaroslav. "Bayes unbiased estimation in a model with two variance components." Applications of Mathematics 32, no. 2 (1987): 120–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21136/am.1987.104241.

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10

Stuchlý, Jaroslav. "Bayes unbiased estimation in a model with three variance components." Applications of Mathematics 34, no. 5 (1989): 375–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.21136/am.1989.104365.

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11

Zvára, Karel. "Analysis of variance as regression model with a reparametrization restriction." Applications of Mathematics 37, no. 6 (1992): 453–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.21136/am.1992.104523.

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12

Kudeláš, Jaromír. "The linear model with variance-covariance components and jackknife estimation." Applications of Mathematics 39, no. 2 (1994): 111–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.21136/am.1994.134248.

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13

Zhu, Jun, and Bruce S. Weir. "Mixed model approaches for diallel analysis based on a bio-model." Genetical Research 68, no. 3 (December 1996): 233–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016672300034200.

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SummaryA MINQUE(l) procedure, which is minimum norm quadratic unbiased estimation (MINQUE) method with 1 for all the prior values, is suggested for estimating variance and covariance components in a bio-model for diallel crosses. Unbiasedness and efficiency of estimation were compared for MINQUE(l), restricted maximum likelihood (REML) and MINQUE(θ) which has parameter values for the prior values. MINQUE(l) is almost as efficient as MINQUE(θ) for unbiased estimation of genetic variance and covariance components. The bio-model is efficient and robust for estimating variance and covariance compo
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14

Carr, P., and A. Itkin. "Geometric Local Variance Gamma Model." Journal of Derivatives 27, no. 2 (September 11, 2019): 7–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3905/jod.2019.1.084.

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15

Arias-Castro, Ery, and Rong Huang. "The sparse variance contamination model." Statistics 54, no. 5 (September 2, 2020): 1081–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02331888.2020.1823394.

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16

Yuan, Ao, Guanjie Chen, Qi Yang, Charles Rotimi, and George Bonney. "Variance components model with disequilibria." European Journal of Human Genetics 14, no. 8 (May 24, 2006): 941–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201645.

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17

Schoutens, Wim, та Geert Van Damme. "The β-variance gamma model". Review of Derivatives Research 14, № 3 (24 липня 2010): 263–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11147-010-9057-y.

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18

Fung, Thomas, Joanna J. J. Wang, and Eugene Seneta. "Contaminated Variance–Mean mixing model." Computational Statistics & Data Analysis 67 (November 2013): 258–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csda.2013.05.024.

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19

Sikström, Sverker. "The variance reaction time model." Cognitive Psychology 48, no. 4 (June 2004): 371–421. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cogpsych.2003.08.002.

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20

Likothanassis, Spiros D., and Sokratis K. Katsikas. "Multi-model minimum variance control." International Journal of Adaptive Control and Signal Processing 12, no. 6 (September 1998): 527–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-1115(199809)12:6<527::aid-acs510>3.0.co;2-g.

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21

Matsumoto, Koichi. "Mean–variance hedging with model risk." International Journal of Financial Engineering 04, no. 04 (December 2017): 1750042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2424786317500426.

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This paper studies a hedging problem of a derivative security in a one-period model when there is the model risk. The hedging error is measured by a quadratic criterion. The model risk means that the true model is uncertain and there are many candidates for the true model. The true model is assumed to be in a set of models. We study an optimal strategy which minimizes the worst-case hedging error over all models in the set. We show how to calculate an optimal strategy and the minimum hedging error effectively. Finally we give some numerical examples to demonstrate the usefulness of our method.
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22

Lark, R. M. "Kriging a soil variable with a simple nonstationary variance model." Journal of Agricultural, Biological, and Environmental Statistics 14, no. 3 (September 2009): 301–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1198/jabes.2009.07060.

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23

Mowrer, H. Todd. "Estimating components of propagated variance in growth simulation model projections." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 21, no. 3 (March 1, 1991): 379–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x91-047.

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First-order Taylor series variance estimation equations were embedded in a growth simulation model to estimate propagated variances during growth and yield projections. Variance equations estimated three error components: covariances propagated through predictor variables, covariances from estimated regressor coefficients, and covariances between regressor coefficients and variables. A separate Monte Carlo process was used to estimate the total variance in projected variables caused by simultaneous perturbations in values of initialization variables and in regressor coefficients. Variances est
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24

Pahade, Jagdish Kumar, and Manoj Jha. "Credibilistic variance and skewness of trapezoidal fuzzy variable and mean–variance–skewness model for portfolio selection." Results in Applied Mathematics 11 (August 2021): 100159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rinam.2021.100159.

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25

Wan, Fei. "Analyzing pre-post designs using the analysis of covariance models with and without the interaction term in a heterogeneous study population." Statistical Methods in Medical Research 29, no. 1 (February 13, 2019): 189–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0962280219827971.

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Pre-post parallel group randomized designs have been frequently used to compare the effectiveness of competing treatment strategies and the ordinary least squares (OLS)-based analysis of covariance model (ANCOVA) is a routine analytic approach. In many scenarios, the associations between the baseline and the post-randomization scores could differ between the treatment and control arms, which justifies the inclusion of the treatment by baseline score interaction in ANCOVA. This heterogeneity may also cause heteroscedastic errors in ANCOVA. In this study, we compared the performances of the ANCO
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26

Bishop, Craig H., Elizabeth A. Satterfield, and Kevin T. Shanley. "Hidden Error Variance Theory. Part II: An Instrument That Reveals Hidden Error Variance Distributions from Ensemble Forecasts and Observations." Monthly Weather Review 141, no. 5 (May 1, 2013): 1469–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr-d-12-00119.1.

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Abstract In Part I of this study, a model of the distribution of true error variances given an ensemble variance is shown to be defined by six parameters that also determine the optimal weights for the static and flow-dependent parts of hybrid error variance models. Two of the six parameters (the climatological mean of forecast error variance and the climatological minimum of ensemble variance) are straightforward to estimate. The other four parameters are (i) the variance of the climatological distribution of the true conditional error variances, (ii) the climatological minimum of the true co
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27

Goard, Joanna. "A Time-Dependent Variance Model for Pricing Variance and Volatility Swaps." Applied Mathematical Finance 18, no. 1 (February 17, 2011): 51–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13504861003795019.

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28

Shen, Yang, Xin Zhang, and Tak Kuen Siu. "Mean–variance portfolio selection under a constant elasticity of variance model." Operations Research Letters 42, no. 5 (July 2014): 337–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.orl.2014.05.008.

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29

Das, Kalyan. "Variance Component Estimation in General Mixed Model of Analysis of Variance." Calcutta Statistical Association Bulletin 34, no. 3-4 (September 1985): 131–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0008068319850301.

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30

Arora, Vivek K., and George J. Boer. "The Temporal Variability of Soil Moisture and Surface Hydrological Quantities in a Climate Model." Journal of Climate 19, no. 22 (November 15, 2006): 5875–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli3926.1.

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Abstract The variance budget of land surface hydrological quantities is analyzed in the second Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project (AMIP2) simulation made with the Canadian Centre for Climate Modelling and Analysis (CCCma) third-generation general circulation model (AGCM3). The land surface parameterization in this model is the comparatively sophisticated Canadian Land Surface Scheme (CLASS). Second-order statistics, namely variances and covariances, are evaluated, and simulated variances are compared with observationally based estimates. The soil moisture variance is related to second-o
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31

Ledwina, Teresa, and Jan Mielniczuk. "Variance function estimation via model selection." Applicationes Mathematicae 37, no. 4 (2010): 387–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.4064/am37-4-1.

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32

Willems, P. "Model uncertainty analysis by variance decomposition." Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C 42-44 (January 2012): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pce.2011.07.003.

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33

Guillaume, Florence, and Wim Schoutens. "Heston Model: The Variance Swap Calibration." Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications 161, no. 1 (May 17, 2013): 76–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10957-013-0331-7.

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34

Tjärnström, F., and L. Ljung. "L2 Model reduction and variance reduction." Automatica 38, no. 9 (September 2002): 1517–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0005-1098(02)00066-3.

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35

Ould Aly, S. M. "Forward Variance Dynamics: Bergomi’s Model Revisited." Applied Mathematical Finance 21, no. 1 (July 26, 2013): 84–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1350486x.2013.812329.

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36

Fu, Yuting. "On Generalizations of Mean–Variance Model." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1168 (February 2019): 052011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1168/5/052011.

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37

Green, Samuel B., Janet G. Marquis, Scott L. Hershberger, Marilyn S. Thompson, and Karen M. McCollam. "The overparameterized analysis of variance model." Psychological Methods 4, no. 2 (1999): 214–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/1082-989x.4.2.214.

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38

Kshirsagar, Anant M., and R. Radhakrishnan. "A note on variance components model." International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science and Technology 40, no. 2 (March 15, 2009): 287–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207390802276192.

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39

Wensch-Dorendorf, M., N. Mielenz, E. Groeneveld, M. Kovac, and L. Schüler. "Varianzkomponentenschätzung unter Berücksichtigung von Dominanz an simulierten Reinzuchtlinien." Archives Animal Breeding 47, no. 4 (October 10, 2004): 387–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/aab-47-387-2004.

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Abstract. Title of the paper: Estimation of variance components under dominance with simulated purebred lines A stochastic simulation based on a gene model was used to investigate the estimation of variance with dominance and additive animal models. For a heritability in broad sense of 0.5 three ratios of dominance variance (5, 10 and 25%) on the phenotypic variance were investigated under different degrees of dominance. No additionally biased estimations of the variance components as consequence of different dominance degrees were found. By using the dominance model for random mating as well
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40

Bt Abdul Halima, Nurfadhlina, Dwi Susanti, Alit Kartiwa, and Endang Soeryana Hasbullah. "Abnormal Portfolio Asset Allocation Model: Review." International Journal of Business, Economics, and Social Development 1, no. 1 (June 12, 2020): 46–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.46336/ijbesd.v1i1.18.

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It has been widely studied how investors will allocate their assets to an investment when the return of assets is normally distributed. In this context usually, the problem of portfolio optimization is analyzed using mean-variance. When asset returns are not normally distributed, the mean-variance analysis may not be appropriate for selecting the optimum portfolio. This paper will examine the consequences of abnormalities in the process of allocating investment portfolio assets. Here will be shown how to adjust the mean-variance standard as a basic framework for asset allocation in cases where
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41

Czaplewski, Raymond L., and David Bruce. "Retransformation bias in a stem profile model." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 20, no. 10 (October 1, 1990): 1623–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x90-215.

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An unbiased profile model, fit to diameter divided by diameter at breast height, overestimated volume of 5.3-m log sections by 0.5 to 3.5%. Another unbiased profile model, fit to squared diameter divided by squared diameter at breast height, underestimated bole diameters by 0.2 to 2.1%. These biases are caused by retransformation of the predicted dependent variable; the degree of retransformation bias depends upon choice of dependent variable in the regression model, variance of its prediction errors, and the bole position of the desired prediction. Retransformation biases were greatest near t
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42

Bruckner, T., M. Schumacher, and M. Wolkewitz. "Accurate Variance Estimation for Prevalence Ratios." Methods of Information in Medicine 46, no. 05 (2007): 567–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1160/me0416.

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Summary Objectives: The log-binomial model is recommended for calculating the prevalence ratio in cross-sectional studies with binary outcomes. However, convergence problems may occur as this model is numerically unstable. If this happens, the Poisson model should be used, but the Poisson model variance needsto be adjusted. Here, we compare different adjustments. Methods: Using simulation we evaluated the performance of Poisson models with i) a robust variance, ii) the scale parameter adjusted by Pearson’s chi-square, and iii) the scale parameter adjusted by the deviance. These models were com
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43

Reich, Brian J., and James S. Hodges. "Identification of the variance components in the general two-variance linear model." Journal of Statistical Planning and Inference 138, no. 6 (July 2008): 1592–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jspi.2007.05.046.

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44

Fortin, Mathieu, Rubén Manso, and Robert Schneider. "Parametric bootstrap estimators for hybrid inference in forest inventories." Forestry: An International Journal of Forest Research 91, no. 3 (November 22, 2017): 354–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/forestry/cpx048.

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Abstract In forestry, the variable of interest is not always directly available from forest inventories. Consequently, practitioners have to rely on models to obtain predictions of this variable of interest. This context leads to hybrid inference, which is based on both the probability design and the model. Unfortunately, the current analytical hybrid estimators for the variance of the point estimator are mainly based on linear or nonlinear models and their use is limited when the model reaches a high level of complexity. An alternative consists of using a variance estimator based on resamplin
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45

Shahsavani, D., and A. Grimvall. "Variance-based sensitivity analysis of model outputs using surrogate models." Environmental Modelling & Software 26, no. 6 (June 2011): 723–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2011.01.002.

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46

Arbogast, Patrick G., and Edward J. Bedrick. "Model-Checking Techniques for Linear Models With Parametric Variance Functions." Technometrics 46, no. 4 (November 2004): 404–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1198/004017004000000473.

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47

Purczyński, Jan, and Kamila Bednarz-Okrzyńska. "Goodness of Fit Measures of Models with Binary Dependent Variable which Take into Account Heteroskedasticity of a Random Element." Folia Oeconomica Stetinensia 18, no. 1 (June 1, 2018): 182–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/foli-2018-0014.

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Abstract The paper tackles a problem which arises during the analysis of binary models, and which is the heteroskedasticity of a random element manifested by the variable value of variance. In the paper, the following probability models, used in the analysis of a dichotomic variable, were considered: a logit model, probit model, and raybit model, which is a model proposed by the authors. The following measures of goodness of fit, present in the field literature, were considered: MSE, MAE, WMSE, and WMAE. A new measure of goodness of fit of a model was proposed, which limits the amplitude of va
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48

JAFFRÉZIC, FLORENCE, GUILLEMETTE MAROT, SÉVERINE DEGRELLE, ISABELLE HUE, and JEAN-LOUIS FOULLEY. "A structural mixed model for variances in differential gene expression studies." Genetical Research 89, no. 1 (February 2007): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016672307008646.

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The importance of variance modelling is now widely known for the analysis of microarray data. In particular the power and accuracy of statistical tests for differential gene expressions are highly dependent on variance modelling. The aim of this paper is to use a structural model on the variances, which includes a condition effect and a random gene effect, and to propose a simple estimation procedure for these parameters by working on the empirical variances. The proposed variance model was compared with various methods on both real and simulated data. It proved to be more powerful than the ge
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49

Jianwang, Hong, Ricardo A. Ramirez-Mendoza, and Jorge de J. Lozoya Santos. "Combing Instrumental Variable and Variance Matching for Aircraft Flutter Model Parameters Identification." Shock and Vibration 2019 (October 21, 2019): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4296091.

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When the observed input-output data are corrupted by the observed noises in the aircraft flutter stochastic model, we need to obtain the more exact aircraft flutter model parameters to predict the flutter boundary accuracy and assure flight safety. So, here we combine the instrumental variable method in system identification theory and variance matching in modern spectrum theory to propose a new identification strategy: instrumental variable variance method. In the aircraft flutter stochastic model, after introducing instrumental variable to develop a covariance function, a new criterion funct
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50

Ngugi, AM, Eben Maré, and R. Kufakunesu. "Pricing variable annuity guarantees in South Africa under a Variance-Gamma model." South African Actuarial Journal 15, no. 1 (December 17, 2015): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/saaj.v15i1.6.

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