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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Viability of normal brain cells”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 3 czerwca 2025

Data aktualizacji: 31 lipca 2025

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1

Rowland, Emma, and Nagi G. Ayad. "392 Targeting One-Carbon Metabolism in Brain Cancer." Journal of Clinical and Translational Science 8, s1 (2024): 116–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cts.2024.342.

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OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most malignant brain tumor in adults and remains incurable with an average survival of 15 months after diagnosis. There is great need for treatment options without side effects that are devastating to the quality of life for patients. GBM tumors can circumvent cellular damage by upregulating antioxidant production. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Highly aggressive tumors tend to exhibit increased oxidative metabolism, and thus rely on a mechanism to eliminate reactive oxygen species (ROS) in order for cells to evade autophagy and cell death. We propose tha

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Salmina, A. B., A. I. Inzhutova, A. V. Morgun, et al. "NAD+-CONVERTING ENZYMES IN NEURONAL AND GLIAL CELLS: CD38 AS A NOVEL TARGET FOR NEUROPROTECTION." Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences 67, no. 10 (2012): 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15690/vramn.v67i10.413.

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The review contains current data on molecular mechanisms which control NAD+ homeostasis in brain cells. It also deals with the role of NAD+-converting enzymes in regulation of functional activity, viability and intercellular communication of neuronal and glial cells. Special attention is paid to involvement of CD38 into regulation of NAD+ levels in brain cells in normal and pathological conditions.

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Merza, Ala'a H. "Cytotoxic Effect of Datura stramonium Extract on Cancer Cell lines." Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Medicine 34, no. 1 (2010): 131–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.30539/iraqijvm.v34i1.669.

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In order to investigate the in vitro antitumor activity of Datura stramonium seeds on cancer cell lines. Extract of this plant was prepared by using different concentrations of seed extract 3, 3.25, 3.5, 3.75, 4, 4.25, 4.5, 4.75 and 5 mg/ ml. Cytotoxicity was estimated on mammary adenocarcinoma (AMN3), brain cancer, and normal rat embryonic fibroblast (Ref3) cell lines. The results exhibited that the extract has cytotoxic effect by decreasing the viability of AMN3 (42.91%) and brain cell lines (32.79%). However, it produced little effect on viability of normal cell line Ref3, indicating the sp

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Matin, Abdul, Seok Ryoul Jeong, Monique Stins, and Naveed Ahmed Khan. "Effects of human serum on Balamuthia mandrillaris interactions with human brain microvascular endothelial cells." Journal of Medical Microbiology 56, no. 1 (2007): 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.46847-0.

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Balamuthia mandrillaris is a free-living amoeba and a causative agent of fatal granulomatous encephalitis. In the transmission of B. mandrillaris into the central nervous system (CNS), haematogenous spread is thought to be the primary step, followed by blood–brain barrier penetration. The objectives of the present study were (i) to determine the effects of serum from healthy individuals on the viability of B. mandrillaris, and (ii) to determine the effects of serum on B. mandrillaris-mediated blood–brain barrier perturbations. It was determined that normal human serum exhibited limited amoebic

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Yu, Xiaobing, John J. Shacka, Jeffrey B. Eells, et al. "Erythropoietin receptor signalling is required for normal brain development." Development 129, no. 2 (2002): 505–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.129.2.505.

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Erythropoietin, known for its role in erythroid differentiation, has been shown to be neuroprotective during brain ischaemia in adult animal models. Although high levels of erythropoietin receptor are produced in embryonic brain, the role of erythropoietin during brain development is uncertain. We now provide evidence that erythropoietin acts to stimulate neural progenitor cells and to prevent apoptosis in the embryonic brain. Mice lacking the erythropoietin receptor exhibit severe anaemia and defective cardiac development, and die at embryonic day 13.5 (E13.5). By E12.5, in addition to apopto

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Politko, Maxim O., Alexandra Y. Tsidulko, Oxana A. Pashkovskaya, et al. "Multiple Irradiation Affects Cellular and Extracellular Components of the Mouse Brain Tissue and Adhesion and Proliferation of Glioblastoma Cells in Experimental System In Vivo." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 24 (2021): 13350. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222413350.

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Intensive adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) is a standard treatment for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) patients; however, its effect on the normal brain tissue remains unclear. Here, we investigated the short-term effects of multiple irradiation on the cellular and extracellular glycosylated components of normal brain tissue and their functional significance. Triple irradiation (7 Gy*3 days) of C57Bl/6 mouse brain inhibited the viability, proliferation and biosynthetic activity of normal glial cells, resulting in a fast brain-zone-dependent deregulation of the expression of proteoglycans (PGs) (decori

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Pagnuzzi-Boncompagni, Marina, Vincent Picco, Valérie Vial, et al. "Antiangiogenic Compound Axitinib Demonstrates Low Toxicity and Antitumoral Effects against Medulloblastoma." Cancers 14, no. 1 (2021): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers14010070.

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Background: Despite the improvement of medulloblastoma (MB) treatments, survivors face severe long-term adverse effects and associated morbidity following multimodal treatments. Moreover, relapses are fatal within a few months. Therefore, chemotherapies inducing fewer adverse effects and/or improving survival at relapse are key for MB patients. Our purpose was to evaluate the last-generation antiangiogenic drugs for their relevance in the therapeutic arsenal of MB. Methods: We screened three EMA- and FDA-approved antiangiogenic compounds (axitinib, cabozantinib and sunitinib) for their ability

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Driscoll, James, Arasakumar Subramani, Samer Alsidawi, and Sajjeev Jagannathan. "Brain microenvironment-induced reduction in microRNAs to promote metastatic tumor growth, drug resistance, and survival." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, no. 15_suppl (2013): e22030-e22030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.15_suppl.e22030.

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e22030 Background: Brain metastases remain a serious obstacle that negatively impacts cancer patient survival. Most deaths due to cancer result from the progressive growth of metastatic, drug-resistant lesions. Moreover, the incidence of brain metastases is rising as a result of an aging population, superior imaging modalities, earlier cancer detection and more effective treatment of systemic disease. Methods: To investigate the role of the brain microenvironment in metastasis, tumor cells were co-cultured with astrocytes - the most abundant normal cell type in the metastatic brain tumor niche

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Nurulhuda, I., R. Poh, Mat Zain Mazatulikhma, and Mohammad Rusop. "Toxicity of SWCNT Synthesized from Fermented Tapioca on SH-SY5Y Cells." Advanced Materials Research 1109 (June 2015): 370–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1109.370.

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The unique physical properties and strength of carbon nanotube (CNT) lend to its wide application in many fields as diverse engineering, physics and biomedicine. Biomedicine, the toxicity of CNTs was cause for concern on the application as a delivery tool for therapeutic proteins, peptides and genes in the treatment of cancer and neurodegeneration. CNTs were reported to exert adverse effects on normal neuronal function, probably due accumulation in the brain, leading to brain damage. Thus, toxicity tests of CNTs on cells would be relevant in determining potential side effects and dosage. This

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Wikerholmen, T., E. Taule, F. A. Thorsen, and T. Sundstrøm. "P10.13.B Repurposing neuroleptics to treat brain metastases: Clozapine as a novel therapy for melanoma brain metastases." Neuro-Oncology 24, Supplement_2 (2022): ii51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noac174.178.

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Abstract Background Around half of advanced melanoma patients develop brain metastases (BM) and survival is still measured in months. Current treatments, although increasingly effective, are not sufficient for this patient group, necessitating development of new therapeutic options. Drugs targeting BM specifically are a scarcity. However, utilizing drug repurposing, i.e. novel uses of drugs already approved for other medical conditions, may broaden available therapy options. Medications used to treat psychosis can penetrate an intact blood-brain barrier and it has been shown that patients with

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Mishchenko, T. A., Е. V. Mitroshina, А. S. Smyshlyaeva, Е. L. Guryev, and М. V. Vedunova. "Comparative Analysis of the Effects of Upconversion Nanoparticles on Normal and Tumor Brain Cells." Acta Naturae 12, no. 2 (2020): 86–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.32607/actanaturae.11033.

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Glioma is the most aggressive type of brain tumors encountered in medical practice. The high frequency of diagnosed cases and risk of metastasis, the low efficiency of traditional therapy, and the usually unfavorable prognosis for patients dictate the need to develop alternative or combined approaches for an early diagnosis and treatment of this pathology. High expectations are placed on the use of upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs). In this study, we have produced and characterized UCNPs doped with the rare-earth elements ytterbium and thulium. Our UCNPs had photoluminescence emission maxima

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Pirvu, Lucia Camelia, Georgeta Neagu, Adrian Albulescu, Amalia Stefaniu, and Lucia Pintilie. "Potential Benefits of Dietary Plant Compounds on Normal and Tumor Brain Cells in Humans: In Silico and In Vitro Approaches." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 8 (2023): 7404. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24087404.

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Neuroblastoma can be accessed with compounds of larger sizes and wider polarities, which do not usually cross the blood–brain barrier. Clinical data indicate cases of spontaneous regression of neuroblastoma, suggesting a reversible point in the course of cell brain tumorigenesis. Dual specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase2 (DYRK2) is a major molecular target in tumorigenesis, while curcumin was revealed to be a strong inhibitor of DYRK2 (PBD ID: 5ZTN). Methods: in silico studies by CLC Drug Discovery Workbench (CLC) and Molegro Virtual Docker (MVD) Software on 20 vegetal compou

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Wikerholmen, T., E. M. Taule, E. Rigg, et al. "P10.03.A ANTIPSYCHOTICS TO TREAT BRAIN TUMORS: DRUG REPURPOSING TO BYPASS THE BLOOD BRAIN BARRIER." Neuro-Oncology 25, Supplement_2 (2023): ii62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noad137.201.

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Abstract BACKGROUND Approximately half of late-stage melanoma patients develop brain metastases (BM), once metastasized to the brain, survival is generally measured in months. Current treatments, although increasingly effective, are not sufficient for this patient group, necessitating development of new therapeutic options. Drugs targeting BM specifically are a scarcity. To broaden therapeutic options, drug repurposing, i.e. novel uses of drugs already approved for other medical conditions, may prove to be a valuable asset. By design, antipsychotics effectively cross an intact blood-brain barr

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Siedlarczyk, Gabriela, Paweł Paśko, and Agnieszka Galanty. "An Evaluation of the Cytotoxicity and Safety Profile of Usnic Acid for a Broad Panel of Human Cancers and Normal Cells with Respect to Its Enantiospecificity." Molecules 30, no. 14 (2025): 2964. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30142964.

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Chirality plays a key role in the effectiveness and toxicity of bioactive compounds. Usnic acid (UA), a lichen metabolite, exists as two enantiomers. Despite numerous studies on its biological properties, enantioselective aspects remain poorly recognized. This study assessed the cytotoxicity of UA enantiomers against colon, prostate, thyroid, brain, and breast cancer cell lines, as well as non-cancerous cells. Cell viability was determined by the MTT assay after 24, 48, and 72 h. Colon cancer HCT116 cells were the most sensitive (IC50 ~10 µg/mL, 72 h), with no enantiomeric dominance. In prosta

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Xiao, Li, Chikako Saiki, and Hisashi Okamura. "Oxidative Stress-Tolerant Stem Cells from Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth Decrease Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Damage in Organotypic Brain Slice Cultures from Adult Mice." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 8 (2019): 1858. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20081858.

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Oxidative stress causes severe tissue injury of the central nervous system in ischemic brain damage (IBD), traumatic brain injury (TBI) and neurodegenerative disorders. In this study, we used hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to induce oxidative stress in organotypic brain slice cultures (OBSCs), and investigated the protective effects of oxidative stress-tolerant (OST) stem cells harvested from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) which were co-cultivated with OBSCs. Using presto blue assay and immunostaining, we demonstrated that both normal SHED and OST-SHED could prevent H2O2-induced cell death,

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El-Baba, Chirine, Zeinab Ayache, Mona Goli, et al. "The Antitumor Effect of the DNA Polymerase Alpha Inhibitor ST1926 in Glioblastoma: A Proteomics Approach." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 18 (2023): 14069. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241814069.

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Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive form of malignant brain tumor. The median survival rate does not exceed two years, indicating an imminent need to develop novel therapies. The atypical adamantyl retinoid ST1926 induces apoptosis and growth inhibition in different cancer types. We have shown that ST1926 is an inhibitor of the catalytic subunit of DNA polymerase alpha (POLA1), which is involved in initiating DNA synthesis in eukaryotic cells. POLA1 levels are elevated in GBM versus normal brain tissues. Therefore, we studied the antitumor effects of ST1926 in several human GB

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Wollmann, Guido, Michael D. Robek, and Anthony N. van den Pol. "Variable Deficiencies in the Interferon Response Enhance Susceptibility to Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Oncolytic Actions in Glioblastoma Cells but Not in Normal Human Glial Cells." Journal of Virology 81, no. 3 (2006): 1479–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.01861-06.

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ABSTRACT With little improvement in the poor prognosis for humans with high-grade glioma brain tumors, alternative therapeutic strategies are needed. As such, selective replication-competent oncolytic viruses may be useful as a potential treatment modality. Here we test the hypothesis that defects in the interferon (IFN) pathway could be exploited to enhance the selective oncolytic profile of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) in glioblastoma cells. Two green fluorescent protein-expressing VSV strains, recombinant VSV and the glioma-adapted recombinant VSV-rp30a, were used to study infection of

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Inai, Kyoko, Masaya Ono, Sonoka Iwashimizu, et al. "TB-3 A GINGER EXTRACT COMPOUND A REVEALED ANTITUMOR ACTIVITY AGAINST GLIOMA." Neuro-Oncology Advances 4, Supplement_3 (2022): iii6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/noajnl/vdac167.021.

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Abstract Purpose Malignant neoplasms arising in the brain and central nervous system have a poor prognosis and present with symptoms such as headache, epileptic seizures, and paralysis of the arms and legs. Treatment of glioma, the most frequent primary brain tumor, is based on surgical removal of the tumor, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. However, since gliomas grow invasively, surgical removal of the entire tumor is considered difficult. In addition, the standard treatment, temozolomide, possesses the problem of resistance. Therefore, the risk of recurrence is high, and the development

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Mustafa, Zulkifli, Hilda Shazana Shamsuddin, Aini Ideris, et al. "Viability Reduction andRac1Gene Downregulation of HeterogeneousEx-VivoGlioma Acute Slice Infected by the Oncolytic Newcastle Disease Virus Strain V4UPM." BioMed Research International 2013 (2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/248507.

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Oncolytic viruses have been extensively evaluated for anticancer therapy because this virus preferentially infects cancer cells without interfering with normal cells. Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) is an avian virus and one of the intensively studied oncolytic viruses affecting many types of cancer including glioma. Nevertheless, the capability of NDV infection on heterogeneous glioma tissue in a cerebrospinal fluid atmosphere has never been reported. Recently,Rac1is reported to be required for efficient NDV replication in human cancer cells and established a link between tumourigenesis and sen

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Moen Taule, E., T. Wikerholmen, E. Rigg, K. Sarnow, J. Wang, and F. Thorsen. "P10.16.A Repurposing thioridazine as a novel treatment of melanoma brain metastasis." Neuro-Oncology 24, Supplement_2 (2022): ii52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noac174.181.

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Abstract Background Melanoma shows increasing incidence and has the highest propensity to metastasize to the brain of all primary malignant tumors. Untreated, the median survival time is 2-3 months after diagnosis, while aggressive treatment extends survival to only 4-12 months. Even though targeted therapies and immunotherapy has changed the therapeutic landscape, many of these patient relapse. In this respect, drug repurposing, using old drugs for new purposes, has had several successes for other diseases. The anti-psychotic drug thioridazine (THD) is a dopamine receptor 2 antagonist, with p

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Illarionova, N. B., D. V. Petrovski, I. A. Razumov, and E. L. Zavyalov. "Effects of radiation and manganese oxide nanoparticles on human glioblastoma cell line U-87 MG glycolysis." Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding 23, no. 1 (2019): 81–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.18699/vj19.465.

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Gliomas are the most common type of malignant brain tumors. Standard treatment of gliomas consists of surgical excision of the tumor with subsequent chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Tumor cells are characterized by rapid division with an increased uptake of glucose and its catabolism during glycolysis. To maintain rapid division, the level of glycolysis of the tumor cell is significantly increased, compared with normal cells. It is known that some nanoparticles (NP) have the property of accumulating in tumors. In particular, NPs of manganese oxide can penetrate into the brain and, with considera

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Lu, Pan, Shan Lei, Weisong Li, et al. "Dexmedetomidine Protects Neural Stem Cells from Ketamine-Induced Injury." Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry 47, no. 4 (2018): 1377–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000490823.

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Background/Aims: Ketamine inhibits the proliferation of neural stem cells (NSCs) and disturbs normal neurogenesis. Dexmedetomidine provides neuroprotection against volatile anesthetic-induced neuroapoptosis and cognitive impairment in the developing brain. Whether it may protect NSCs from ketamine-induced injury remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of dexmedetomidine on ketamine-exposed NSCs and explored the mechanisms potentially involved. Methods: Primary NSC cultures were characterized using immunofluorescence. Cell viability was determined using a Cell Cou

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Iwashimizu, Sonoka, Masaya Ono, Yoichi Sunagawa, et al. "CBMS-3 SEARCH FOR COMPOUNDS WITH ANTI-TUMOUR EFFECTS AGAINST GLIOBLASTOMA." Neuro-Oncology Advances 4, Supplement_3 (2022): iii1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/noajnl/vdac167.002.

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Abstract Purpose Glioblastoma (GBM) has a high risk of recurrence and a poor prognosis due to the difficulty of surgical resection and the resistance to temozolomide, the standard treatment for GBM. Therefore, the development of new therapeutic agents for GBM is desired. We searched our compound library for compounds with anti-tumor activity against GBM and identified Curcumin (Cur) derivatives, Compound A and B. The purpose of this study was to investigate the antitumor activity of Compound A and B against GBM. Methods and Results To evaluate the antitumor activity of Compound A and B against

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Szeliga, Monika, and Radosław Rola. "Menadione Potentiates Auranofin-Induced Glioblastoma Cell Death." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 24 (2022): 15712. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232415712.

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Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive primary brain tumor. Recently, agents increasing the level of oxidative stress have been proposed as anticancer drugs. However, their efficacy may be lowered by the cytoprotective activity of antioxidant enzymes, often upregulated in neoplastic cells. Here, we assessed the mRNA and protein expression of thioredoxin reductase 1 (TrxR1), a master regulator of cellular redox homeostasis, in GBM and non-tumor brain tissues. Next, we examined the influence of an inhibitor of TrxR1, auranofin (AF), alone or in combination with a prooxidant menadione (MEN), o

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Bonaccorso, Angela, Rosalia Pellitteri, Barbara Ruozi, et al. "Curcumin Loaded Polymeric vs. Lipid Nanoparticles: Antioxidant Effect on Normal and Hypoxic Olfactory Ensheathing Cells." Nanomaterials 11, no. 1 (2021): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11010159.

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Background: Curcumin (Cur) shows anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects on central nervous system diseases. The aim of this study was to develop Cur-loaded polymeric and lipid nanoparticles for intranasal delivery to enhance its stability and increase antioxidant effect on olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs). Methods: The nanosuspensions were subjected to physico-chemical and technological evaluation through photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and UV-spectrophotometry. The cytotoxicity studies of nanosuspensions were carried out on OECs. A viability

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Bonaccorso, Angela, Rosalia Pellitteri, Barbara Ruozi, et al. "Curcumin Loaded Polymeric vs. Lipid Nanoparticles: Antioxidant Effect on Normal and Hypoxic Olfactory Ensheathing Cells." Nanomaterials 11, no. 1 (2021): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11010159.

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Background: Curcumin (Cur) shows anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects on central nervous system diseases. The aim of this study was to develop Cur-loaded polymeric and lipid nanoparticles for intranasal delivery to enhance its stability and increase antioxidant effect on olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs). Methods: The nanosuspensions were subjected to physico-chemical and technological evaluation through photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and UV-spectrophotometry. The cytotoxicity studies of nanosuspensions were carried out on OECs. A viability

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Nurulhuda, I., R. Poh, M. Z. Mazatulikhma, and Mohamad Rusop. "Inhibitory Effect of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes on SH-SY5Y Cells." Advanced Materials Research 832 (November 2013): 388–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.832.388.

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Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are widely used in fields as diverse as engineering, physics and medicine. CNTs unique physical properties and strength play a major part in such a wide application. However, there have been concerns on the deleterious effects of CNTs as a delivery tool for therapeutic proteins, peptides and genes in biomedicine. CNTs disturb normal neuronal function, and accumulate and cause brain damage. Unfunctionalized CNTs were reported to cause toxicity in cells rather than functionalized CNTs. Thus, effects of CNTs on cells should be rigorously tested. In the present study, unfun

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Chen, Y., S. Bax, V. Prior, et al. "P12.07.A DEVELOPING NOVEL, MORE STRINGENT EVALUATION PLATFORMS TO ACCELERATE RESEARCH TRANSLATION AND INCREASE SURVIVAL FROM BRAIN CANCER." Neuro-Oncology 26, Supplement_5 (2024): v67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noae144.220.

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Abstract BACKGROUND The high grade gliomas (HGG) are a collection of lethal brain tumours. Currently available therapies are unsuccessful and patient survival rates have not significantly improved over the last ~ 50 years. Preclinical models currently in use poorly predict subsequent activity in phase I trials and over-estimate anti-tumour activity in HGG. Fundamental research from many labs, including our own, has shown that the normal tissue environment controls cancer invasion, signalling and response to therapy. Yet most preclinical assays lack this vital element. We have developed a brain

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Cai, Changcheng, Xingyu Chen, Jimin He, et al. "Correlation between LSM1 Expression and Clinical Outcomes in Glioblastoma and Functional Mechanisms." International Journal of Genomics 2023 (November 2, 2023): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/1543620.

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Background. Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive form of brain tumor characterized by limited treatment options and a bleak prognosis. Although the role of Like-Sm 1 (LSM1), a component of the mRNA splicing machinery, has been studied in various cancers, its significance in GBM remains unclear. The purpose of this research was to investigate the expression of LSM1 and its role in driving GBM progression. Methods. We analyzed gene expression data obtained from TCGA and GTEx databases to compare the levels of LSM1 expression between GBM and normal brain tissues. To assess the impact of LSM1, we c

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del Campo, Marta, Rosalía Fernández-Calle, Marta Vicente-Rodríguez та ін. "Role of Receptor Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase β/ζ in Neuron–Microglia Communication in a Cellular Model of Parkinson’s Disease". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, № 13 (2021): 6646. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22136646.

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Pleiotrophin (PTN) is a neurotrophic factor that regulates glial responses in animal models of different types of central nervous system (CNS) injuries. PTN is upregulated in the brain in different pathologies characterized by exacerbated neuroinflammation, including Parkinson’s disease. PTN is an endogenous inhibitor of Receptor Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase (RPTP) β/ζ, which is abundantly expressed in the CNS. Using a specific inhibitor of RPTPβ/ζ (MY10), we aimed to assess whether the PTN/RPTPβ/ζ axis is involved in neuronal and glial injury induced by the toxin MPP+. Treatment with the RPTP

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Berg, Anastasia L., Ashley Rowson-Hodel, Michelle Hu, et al. "The Cationic Amphiphilic Drug Hexamethylene Amiloride Eradicates Bulk Breast Cancer Cells and Therapy-Resistant Subpopulations with Similar Efficiencies." Cancers 14, no. 4 (2022): 949. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers14040949.

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The resistance of cancer cell subpopulations, including cancer stem cell (CSC) populations, to apoptosis-inducing chemotherapeutic agents is a key barrier to improved outcomes for cancer patients. The cationic amphiphilic drug hexamethylene amiloride (HMA) has been previously demonstrated to efficiently kill bulk breast cancer cells independent of tumor subtype or species but acts poorly toward non-transformed cells derived from multiple tissues. Here, we demonstrate that HMA is similarly cytotoxic toward breast CSC-related subpopulations that are resistant to conventional chemotherapeutic age

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Nigra, Ayelén D., Deborah de Almeida Bauer Guimarães, César G. Prucca, Otniel Freitas-Silva, Anderson J. Teodoro, and Germán A. Gil. "Antitumor Effects of Freeze-Dried Robusta Coffee (Coffea canephora) Extracts on Breast Cancer Cell Lines." Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2021 (May 18, 2021): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5572630.

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Coffee consumption is believed to have chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic effects and to contribute to preventing the development and progression of cancer. However, there is still controversy around these claims. As indicated in our previous works, diet can influence the risk of breast cancer. Intake of coffee is hypothesized to reduce this risk, but current scientific evidence is not conclusive. This work is aimed at studying the effects of Robusta coffee bean extract on cell viability, proliferation, and apoptosis of different human cancers, especially breast cancer cell lines. To this en

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Muñoz, Mario F., Sandro Argüelles, Marisa Rosso, et al. "The Neurokinin-1 Receptor Is Essential for the Viability of Human Glioma Cells: A Possible Target for Treating Glioblastoma." BioMed Research International 2022 (April 4, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6291504.

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Background. Glioblastoma or glioma is the most common malignant brain tumor. Patients have a prognosis of approximately 15 months, despite the current aggressive treatment. Neurokinin-1 receptor (NK-1R) occurs naturally in human glioma, and it is necessary for the tumor development. Objective. The purpose of the study was to increase the knowledge about the involvement of the substance P (SP)/NK-1R system in human glioma. Methods. Cellular localization of NK-1R and SP was studied in GAMG and U-87 MG glioma cell lines by immunofluorescence. The contribution of both SP and NK-1R to the viability

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Fotaki, Vassiliki, Mara Dierssen, Soledad Alcántara, et al. "Dyrk1A Haploinsufficiency Affects Viability and Causes Developmental Delay and Abnormal Brain Morphology in Mice." Molecular and Cellular Biology 22, no. 18 (2002): 6636–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.22.18.6636-6647.2002.

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ABSTRACT DYRK1A is the human orthologue of the Drosophila minibrain (mnb) gene, which is involved in postembryonic neurogenesis in flies. Because of its mapping position on chromosome 21 and the neurobehavioral alterations shown by mice overexpressing this gene, involvement of DYRK1A in some of the neurological defects of Down syndrome patients has been suggested. To gain insight into its physiological role, we have generated mice deficient in Dyrk1A function by gene targeting. Dyrk1A−/− null mutants presented a general growth delay and died during midgestation. Mice heterozygous for the mutat

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Wollmann, Guido, Vitaliy Rogulin, Ian Simon, John K. Rose, and Anthony N. van den Pol. "Some Attenuated Variants of Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Show Enhanced Oncolytic Activity against Human Glioblastoma Cells relative to Normal Brain Cells." Journal of Virology 84, no. 3 (2009): 1563–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.02040-09.

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ABSTRACT Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) has been shown in laboratory studies to be effective against a variety of tumors, including malignant brain tumors. However, attenuation of VSV may be necessary to balance the potential toxicity toward normal cells, particularly when targeting brain tumors. Here we compared 10 recombinant VSV variants resulting from different attenuation strategies. Attenuations included gene shifting (VSV-p1-GFP/RFP), M protein mutation (VSV-M51), G protein cytoplasmic tail truncations (VSV-CT1/CT9), G protein deletions (VSV-dG-GFP/RFP), and combinations thereof (VSV-

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Chatterjee, Sujash, Scott Kuersten, Christina Middle, et al. "Abstract 5446: The role of snoRNAs in GBM cells, GSCs, neuronal precursor cells (NPCs), astrocytes, and normal brain tissues." Cancer Research 84, no. 6_Supplement (2024): 5446. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2024-5446.

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Abstract rRNA modification are a crucial step in ribosome assembly and function. Small nucleolar RNAs select which nucleotides in rRNAs get modified. Typically, C/D box snoRNAs are implicated in 2’-O-ribose methylation (2’Omet) while H/ACA box snoRNAs are responsible for pseudo-uridylations. Alterations in snoRNA expression have been described in multiple tumor types while distinct snoRNAs have been linked to cancer-relevant phenotypes. Our initial study on snoRNA expression using a dedicated Ampliseq platform revealed a specific glioma stem cell (GSC) signature. We propose this snoRNA signatu

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Nand Yadav, Viveka, Micah K. Harris, Stefanie Stallard, et al. "TAMI-29. MULTIFACTORIAL UPREGULATION OF ID1 DRIVES DIPG INVASIVENESS AND IS THERAPEUTICALLY TARGETABLE." Neuro-Oncology 22, Supplement_2 (2020): ii219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noaa215.917.

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Abstract Diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPGs) are lethal brain tumors with no effective therapies other than radiation. Inhibitor of DNA binding (ID) proteins, key regulators of lineage commitment during embryogenesis, are implicated in tumorigenesis in multiple human cancers. Prior work showed that recurrent H3F3A and ACVR1 mutations increase ID1 expression in cultured astrocytes. However, this has not been validated in human DIPG. The regulation and targetability of ID1 in DIPG has not been explored either. Exome and transcriptome sequencing analysis of multi-focal DIPG tumors and norma

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Finney, Brenda A., Edina Schweighoffer, Leyre Navarro-Núñez, et al. "CLEC-2 and Syk in the megakaryocytic/platelet lineage are essential for development." Blood 119, no. 7 (2012): 1747–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2011-09-380709.

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Abstract The C-type lectin receptor CLEC-2 signals through a pathway that is critically dependent on the tyrosine kinase Syk. We show that homozygous loss of either protein results in defects in brain vascular and lymphatic development, lung inflation, and perinatal lethality. Furthermore, we find that conditional deletion of Syk in the hematopoietic lineage, or conditional deletion of CLEC-2 or Syk in the megakaryocyte/platelet lineage, also causes defects in brain vascular and lymphatic development, although the mice are viable. In contrast, conditional deletion of Syk in other hematopoietic

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Nassour-Caswell, Lauren C., Nicholas J. Eustace, Christian T. Stackhouse, et al. "Abstract 1273: Glioblastoma brain tumor-initiating cells are protected from hypoxia when co-cultured with normal human astrocytes revealing a potential role for mitochondrial transfer via tunneling nanotubes." Cancer Research 83, no. 7_Supplement (2023): 1273. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-1273.

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Abstract Background: Glioblastoma (GBM) has a median survival of &lt;2 years and generally recurs within 6 months of treatment due to the development of chemo- and radiotherapy (RT) resistance. Tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) serve as intercellular conduits for establishing robust, tumor-promoting networks within the hypoxic tumor microenvironment. TNTs are provoked by hypoxia and can passage organelles like mitochondria, i.e., between astrocytes and stem-like brain tumor-initiating cells (BTICs). This is theorized to expand resistance properties to other cell types, as well as facilitate metab

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Kundu, Somanath, Abigail Venskus, Lee Quiruz, et al. "CNSC-09. THE NEUROENDOCRINE FACTOR VGF IS NECESSARY FOR THE MAINTENANCE OF THE TUMOR STEM CELL POPULATION IN GLIOBLASTOMA." Neuro-Oncology 24, Supplement_7 (2022): vii23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noac209.090.

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Abstract A major factor that contributes to the unchecked growth and recurrence of glioblastoma (GBM) tumors is the presence of a heterogeneous population of GBM stem-like cells (GSCs) that continuously replenish the tumor mass. Targeting strategies against this key cell population have rarely considered the trophic signals from peritumoral neural cells, which can protect the tumor cells during therapy and therefore promote recurrence. Here, we have focused on the little-known secreted factor VGF and its derived neuropeptides, which are largely restricted to the CNS and mediate paracrine commu

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Shokoohinia, Yalda, Leila Hosseinzadeh, Maryam Moieni-Arya, Ali Mostafaie, and Hamid-Reza Mohammadi-Motlagh. "Osthole Attenuates Doxorubicin-Induced Apoptosis in PC12 Cells through Inhibition of Mitochondrial Dysfunction and ROS Production." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/156848.

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Doxorubicin (DOX) is a potent, broad-spectrum chemotherapeutic drug used for treatment of several types of cancers. Despite its effectiveness, it has a wide range of toxic side effects, many of which most likely result from its inherent prooxidant activity. It has been reported that DOX has toxic effects on normal tissues, including brain tissue. In the current study, we investigated the protective effect of osthole isolated fromPrangos ferulacea(L.) Lindl. on oxidative stress and apoptosis induced by DOX in PC12 as a neuronal model cell line. PC12 cells were pretreated with osthole 2 h after

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Moen Taule, E., T. Wikerholmen, K. Sarnow, et al. "P10.02.B THE PSYCHOTROPIC AGENT THIORIDAZINE IMPEDES MELANOMA BRAIN METASTASIS CELL ACTIVITY THROUGH INHIBITION OF AUTOPHAGY." Neuro-Oncology 25, Supplement_2 (2023): ii61—ii62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noad137.200.

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Abstract BACKGROUND Neural tissue and melanocytes share the same germ layer in early embryonic development. It is then perhaps not by coincidence that melanoma is one of the most common cancer types to metastasize to the brain. With aggressive treatment the median survival of melanoma brain metastases (MBM) is now estimated to be approximately 13 months. Targeted therapies and immunotherapy have armed us with new systemic weapons and shown great responses, but unfortunately most of these patient relapse. Drug repurposing, using old drugs for new purposes, has had several successes for other di

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Kumar, Manoj, Joshua Anderson, Hasan Alrefai, et al. "STEM-18. A HIGH THROUGHPUT NEUROSPHERE BASED COLONY FORMATION ASSAY TO VALIDATE DRUG AND RADIATION EFFECTIVENESS IN PATIENT DERIVED XENOLINES." Neuro-Oncology 26, Supplement_8 (2024): viii62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noae165.0244.

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Abstract Glioblastoma (GBM) is a primary malignant brain tumor developed from normal astrocytes. GBM patients’ median survival is less than 2 years despite safe surgical resection, fractionated conventional radiation, and temozolomide (TMZ) therapy. Few currently used drugs are successful in GBM although there are many FDA approved blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetrant drugs, for other uses that have not been screened in GBM. We utilized a panel of 734 of these BBB penetrant drugs in different GBM patient derived xenolines (PDX) along with acquired radio-resistant derivatives (-RT) including X14

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Kundu, Somanath, Mohan Nandhu, Sharon Longo, et al. "CSIG-07. TARGETING CELL POLARITY PROTEINS FROM THE SCRIBBLE COMPLEX DISRUPTS GLIOBLASTOMA STEM CELL VIABILITY AND INVASION IN NEURAL TISSUE." Neuro-Oncology 21, Supplement_6 (2019): vi45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noz175.178.

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Abstract Despite their molecular heterogeneity, glioblastomas (GBMs) retain a common phenotypical feature, which is their diffuse invasion through neural tissue that makes complete resection impossible. This invasive ability requires changes in cell polarity for the tumor cells to migrate following cues from their microenvironment. Cytoskeleton-associated proteins of the DLG family are part of the Scribble polarity complex that maintains stable cell-cell junctions; accordingly, these proteins are “tumor suppressors” usually downregulated in solid tumors. However, we have found that one family

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Nand Yadav, Viveka, Micah K. Harris, Chase Thomas, et al. "EPCT-07. ID1 IS A KEY TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATOR OF DIPG INVASION AND IS TARGETABLE WITH CANNABIDIOL." Neuro-Oncology 23, Supplement_1 (2021): i48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noab090.193.

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Abstract Diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPGs) are lethal pediatric brain tumors with no effective therapies beyond radiation. The highly invasive nature of DIPG is key to its aggressive phenotype, but the factors and mechanisms contributing to this aggressive invasion are unknown. Inhibitor of DNA binding (ID) proteins, key regulators of lineage commitment during embryogenesis, are implicated in tumorigenesis in multiple human solid tumors. Prior work showed that recurrent H3F3A and ACVR1 mutations increase ID1 expression in cultured astrocytes. However, the impact and targetability of ID

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Lieu, Ann-Shung, Yu-Chi Pan, Jia-Hau Lee, et al. "Antitumor Efficacy of Arylquin 1 through Dose-Dependent Cytotoxicity, Apoptosis Induction, and Synergy with Radiotherapy in Glioblastoma Models." Biomedicines 12, no. 4 (2024): 907. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12040907.

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Glioblastoma (GBM), the most aggressive form of brain cancer, is characterized by rapid growth and resistance to conventional therapies. Current treatments offer limited effectiveness, leading to poor survival rates and the need for novel therapeutic strategies. Arylquin 1 has emerged as a potential therapeutic candidate because of its unique mechanism of inducing apoptosis in cancer cells without affecting normal cells. This study investigated the efficacy of Arylquin 1 against GBM using the GBM8401 and A172 cells by assessing its dose-dependent cytotoxicity, apoptosis induction, and synergy

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Cislo-Pakuluk, Anna, Agnieszka Smieszek, Natalia Kucharczyk, Peter G. C. Bedford, and Krzysztof Marycz. "Intra-Vitreal Administration of Microvesicles Derived from Human Adipose-Derived Multipotent Stromal Cells Improves Retinal Functionality in Dogs with Retinal Degeneration." Journal of Clinical Medicine 8, no. 4 (2019): 510. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm8040510.

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This study was designed to determine the influence of microvesicles (MVs) derived from multipotent stromal cells isolated from human adipose tissue (hASCs) on retinal functionality in dogs with various types of retinal degeneration. The biological properties of hASC-MVs were first determined using an in vitro model of retinal Muller-like cells (CaMLCs). The in vitro assays included analysis of hASC-MVs influence on cell viability and metabolism. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression was also determined. Evaluation of the hASC-MVs was performed under normal and oxidative stress co

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Harris, Micah K., Viveka Nand Yadav, Stefanie Stallard, et al. "DIPG-59. UPREGULATION OF PRENATAL PONTINE ID1 SIGNALING IN DIPG." Neuro-Oncology 22, Supplement_3 (2020): iii298—iii299. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noaa222.104.

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Abstract BACKGROUND Diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPGs) are lethal pediatric brain tumors with no curative therapies. Inhibitor of DNA binding (ID) proteins are key regulators of gene differentiation during embryogenesis. Previous work has shown that H3F3A and ACVR1 mutations increase ID1 expression in cultured astrocytes, but this has not been validated in human DIPG, nor has the regulation and targetability of ID1 been explored in DIPG. RESULTS Analysis of post-mortem tissue and multiple human datasets showed ID1 to be elevated in DIPG, and to correlate with reduced survival. In a mult

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Hassan, Humaira, Munazza Raza Mirza, Almas Jabeen, et al. "Yellow scorpion (Buthus sinidicus) venom peptides induce mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis in cervical, prostate and brain tumor cell lines." PLOS ONE 19, no. 2 (2024): e0296636. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0296636.

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Scorpion venoms are known to contain over 100,000 biologically active constituents. However, only a few of them have been studied. The major constituents of venom are proteins and peptides, which exhibit various biological and pharmacological properties, including anticancer activities. In the current study, the venom of yellow scorpions (Buthus sindicus) found in Sindh, Pakistan, was extracted and evaluated for its anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory activities. The crude venom showed a dose dependent inhibition of phagocyte oxidative burst from human whole blood cells (28.3% inhibition at high

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Hambarde, Shashank, Martyn Sharpe, David Baskin, and Santosh Helekar. "CBIO-07. CELL DEATH INDUCED BY AN OSCILLATING MAGNETIC FIELD IN PATIENT DERIVED GLIOBLASTOMA CELLS IS MEDIATED BY REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES." Neuro-Oncology 22, Supplement_2 (2020): ii17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noaa215.067.

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Abstract Noninvasive cancer therapy with minimal side effects would be ideal for improving patient outcome in the clinic. We have developed a novel therapy using strong rotating magnets mounted on a helmet. They generate oscillating magnetic fields (OMF) that penetrate through the skull and cover the entire brain. We have demonstrated that OMF can effectively kill patient derived glioblastoma (GBM) cells in cell culture without having cytotoxic effects on cortical neurons and normal human astrocytes (NHA). Exposure of GBM cells to OMF reduced the cell viability by 33% in comparison to sham-tre

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