Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Water reuse

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Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Water reuse”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021

Data aktualizacji: 25 lipca 2025

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Water reuse"

Pandey, Bharat Chandra. "Review: Reuse of Treated Wastewater." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 7 (2022): 1915–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.45599.

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Abstract: Water reuse generally refers to the process of using treated wastewater (reclaimed water) for beneficial purposes such as agricultural and landscape irrigation, industrial processes, nonpotable urban applications (such as toilet flushing, street washing, and fire protection), groundwater recharge, recreation, and direct or undirected water supply. Its increased application has been facilitated by modern wastewater treatment processes that have advanced substantially during the twentieth century. Water Reuse is a reality at international. Several practices have emerged around the worl

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Bauer, Sonja. "Identification of Water-Reuse Potentials to Strengthen Rural Areas in Water-Scarce Regions—The Case Study of Wuwei." Land 9, no. 12 (2020): 492. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land9120492.

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Due to water scarcity, which is worsening due to climate change, rural areas often face the challenge of rural exoduses. Limited water resources restrict local farmers as the opportunities for cultivation in the fields are reduced. This makes rural areas increasingly unattractive. To strengthen rural areas, sustainable water management with a focus on water-reuse is required. Since treated wastewater is a daily resource with calculable quantities available, reused water can contribute to the sustainable strengthening of a region. Therefore, an analysis of water-reuse potentials must be conduct

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Al-Khatib, Issam A., Abed al Hamid U. Al Shami, Gonzalo Rodriguez Garcia, and Ilke Celik. "Social Acceptance of Greywater Reuse in Rural Areas." Journal of Environmental and Public Health 2022 (September 26, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6603348.

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Like many countries, Palestine suffers from water scarcity. Here, treated greywater is considered an essential nonconventional water resource. We aim to identify some wastewater reuse and disposal practices in rural areas and assess the acceptance level of different reuses of greywater. We conducted a survey analysis in four villages with a strong agricultural activity of the western Bethlehem Governorate. The level of acceptance of greywater reuse was generally independent of demographic variables like family size, income, or water bill, with a few exceptions regarding gender, age, and level

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Kossar, M. J., K. J. Amaral, S. S. Martinelli, and M. C. L. Erbe. "Proposal for water reuse in the Kraft pulp and paper industry." Water Practice and Technology 8, no. 3-4 (2013): 359–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2013.036.

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The reuse of wastewater by the pulp and paper industry reduces environmental impacts by contributing to raw water conservation, thereby making a greater volume of fresh water available for nobler purposes, and reducing wastewater treatment. This study evaluated a proposed system of water reuse at a Kraft pulp and paper plant in Brazil, based on a survey of water quality required by its consumption points, supplied by its water treatment plant. Results after ultrafiltration included: turbidity of 0,3 NTU and pH 7,5, average values of BOD 66,4 mg/L, COD 9,6 mg/L and the colour of 280,5 ppm Pt we

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Loeb, Barry L. "Water Reuse." Ozone: Science & Engineering 38, no. 4 (2016): 243–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01919512.2016.1189292.

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Handam, Natasha Berendonk, Rodrigo Bezerra da Silva, Elvira Carvajal, and Adriana Sotero-Martins. "Decay of pathogens (indicators of Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp.) in soil due to the application of reuse water." Ambiente e Agua - An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Science 19 (March 12, 2024): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4136/ambi-agua.2950.

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Reuse water is defined as the reuse of water from treated effluents, it requires careful monitoring to avoid damage to environmental health. This study evaluates the decay of Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. bacteria in soil irrigated with reused water for agricultural reuse, without damaging public or environmental health. The decay of Escherichia coli and of Salmonella spp. was verified using the Filter Membrane method SS AGAR culture medium was used. The decay curves over time were made using the Sigmaplot program. Each experimental group had 4 pots (one group irrigated with recycled wa

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Portman, Michelle E., Olga Vdov, Manfred Schuetze, Yael Gilboa, and Eran Friedler. "Public perceptions and perspectives on alternative sources of water for reuse generated at the household level." Journal of Water Reuse and Desalination 12, no. 1 (2022): 157–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wrd.2022.002.

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Abstract Studying perceptions about reuse of alternative water sources informs about conditions necessary for transition to large-scale decentralized water reuse. We administered a perceptions survey to the public based on results of initial open interviews of water management experts in Israel. Experts indicated their views on impediments to widespread household water reuse which became the basis for developing the questionnaire. The latter aimed to understand views among the general public of: (a) willingness to adopt reuse practices from three sources: greywater, air conditioner condensate

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Li, Fangyue, Knut Wichmann, and Ralf Otterpohl. "Evaluation of appropriate technologies for grey water treatments and reuses." Water Science and Technology 59, no. 2 (2009): 249–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2009.854.

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As water is becoming a rare resource, the onsite reuse and recycling of grey water is practiced in many countries as a sustainable solution to reduce the overall urban water demand. However, the lack of appropriate water quality standards or guidelines has hampered the appropriate grey water reuses. Based on literature review, a non-potable urban grey water treatment and reuse scheme is proposed and the treatment alternatives for grey water reuse are evaluated according to the grey water characteristics, the proposed standards and economical feasibility.

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Yin, Hua, Peiwen Qiu, Yuange Qian, et al. "Textile Wastewater Treatment for Water Reuse: A Case Study." Processes 7, no. 1 (2019): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr7010034.

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The reduced natural waters and the large amount of wastewater produced by textile industry necessitate an effective water reuse treatment. In this study, a combined two-stage water reuse treatment was established to enhance the quality and recovery rate of reused water. The primary treatment incorporated a flocculation and sedimentation system, two sand filtration units, an ozonation unit, an ultrafiltration (UF) system, and a reverse osmosis (RO) system. The second treatment included an ozonation unit, a sand filtration unit, and UF and RO systems. The color removal rate increased with the in

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Wakhungu, M. J. "An ethnography of policy: water reuse policy in Kenya." Water Policy 21, no. 2 (2019): 436–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2019.160.

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Abstract Water scarcity and inadequate infrastructure for sanitation are two challenges that are emblematic to Kenya and other developing nations in Sub-Saharan Africa. Under such circumstances, water reuse has the potential to address these challenges but only under a favourable policy environment. In this paper, policy documents were considered as the ethnographic object to understand how people talk about water reuse in Kenya through policies, plans, regulations and guidelines. Using a general inductive approach to content analysis, the findings suggest that Kenya's policy on water reuse ha

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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Water reuse"

Sun, Gwo-Shing 1959. "Water quality of gray water for reuse." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/191907.

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This study was designed to evaluate the safety of gray water for reuse purposes. The physical and chemical quality of treated gray water met water reuse standards set by the State of Arizona for surface irrigation purposes. The number of microorganisms in gray water significantly decreased after biological treatment and sand filtration. However, the number of fecal coliform bacteria in treated gray water was still higher than the standard for reuse as set by the State of Arizona for surface irrigation. This is also true for rain water which was stored in a tank. No indigenous Salmonella were i

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Leung, Suet-fai. "The feasibility of utilizing grey water in Hong Kong buildings /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25436211.

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Shipps, Hillary P. "Water Reuse as Part of San Diego's Water Portfolio." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2013. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/144.

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San Diego imports 80 to 90 percent of its water supply, depending on conditions during any particular year. This high level of imports and low diversity of water supply have combined with climate change to generate an urgent need for increased conservation and diversification of San Diego's water supply. Water reuse is one option to mitigate this problem. An attempt was made in the early 1990s to recycle wastewater but the public reacted badly due to a combination of bad public relations, perceived environmental justice issues, and a psychological phenomenon called the yuck factor. With improv

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Corzo, García Beatriz. "Forward osmosis application for water reuse." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/565820.

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Hybrid forward osmosis (FO) processes such as forward osmosis with membrane bioreactors (FO-MBR), electrodialysis (FO-ED), nanofiltration (FO-NF) or reverse osmosis (FO-RO) present promising technologies for wastewater reuse in agriculture. Their niche of application can be found when dealing with high-salinity wastewater in water stress situations, when the removal of trace organics or boron is targeted due to the multibarrier concept, or when water with high fouling potential is compulsory to treat, among other uses. In this case, one of these emerging technologies, FO-NF treatment has been

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Pidou, Marc. "Hybrid membrane processes for water reuse." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2006. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/4372.

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Water recycling is now widely accepted as a sustainable option to respond to the general increase of the fresh water demand, water shortages and for environment protection. Because greywater represents up to 70% of domestic wastewater volume but contains only 30% of the organic fraction and from 9 to 20% of the nutrients (Kujawa-Roeleveld and Zeeman, 2006), it is seen as one of the most appropriate sources to be treated and reuse. A broad range of technologies has been used for greywater recycling including soil filters (Itayama et al., 2004), membranes (Ahn et al., 1998) and biological aerate

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Parameshwaran, Kathiravelu Chemical Sciences &amp Engineering Faculty of Engineering UNSW. "Enhancing membrane processes for water reuse." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Chemical Sciences & Engineering, 2008. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/41495.

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The study reported here was aimed at optimising the microfiltration (MF) membrane process applied to water reclamation. Polypropylene hollow fibre membrane (0.2 ??m) with high pressure backwahing was mainly used in this study. To obtain secondary effluent for microfiltration a biological treatment (UASB/SBR) was applied to brewery effluent. It was identified that loading at a rate below 14 kg COD/kLd will ensure the stable performance of UASB. An initial energy balance of the system (Biological and MF) shows a plant treating brewery effluent (4000 mg/L COD) could yield a net energy of 2.5 kWh

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Oertlé, Emmanuel, Duc Toan Vu, Dinh Chuc Nguyen, Laurin Näf, and Sandra Regina Müller. "Potential for water reuse in Vietnam." Technische Universität Dresden, 2019. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A70827.

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Southeast Asian countries and Vietnam in particular are facing water security challenges; water reclamation is increasingly being considered as a favorable solution. Despite the availability of suitable technologies, several constraints often prevent stakeholders and especially decision makers exploiting their potential. In this paper we present the results of applying a decision support tool (DST) to evaluate water reclamation, support pre-feasibility studies and build capacity for water reclamation in Vietnam. The DST and its data are open access, providing information related to local and i

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DeGenova, John. "Oxidation and Removal of Thin Organic Films From A Wafer Surface: Fundamentals of Ozonated Water Application and Water Recycle." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2001. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu_e9791_2001_386_sip1_w.pdf&type=application/pdf.

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Thesis (Ph. D. - Chemical and Environmental Engineering)--University of Arizona, 2001.<br>We acknowledge that the writer has two page 7's in this resource. (List of figures). Includes bibliographical references (leaves 214-218).

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Marcé, Escalé Mireia. "Ozonation of Municipal Wastewater for Water Reuse." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/402548.

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Water is essential for life in all the levels: humans, animals and plants depend on it for their existence. The unsustainable growth, the changes in the consumption pattern and the climate change have positioned water resources under pressure. In this scenario where the water quality and quantity are a worldwide concern, research and development have analyzed and generated various emerging technologies that can promote the use of alternative sources of water. Commonly, the Municipal WWTPs are organized in four stages that include physical, chemical and biological processes. Wastewater treat

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Raffin, Marie. "Optimisation of membrane technology for water reuse." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2011. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/9238.

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Increasing freshwater scarcity is making reclamation of wastewater effluent more economically attractive as a means of preserving freshwater resources. The use of an integrated membrane system (IMS), the combination of micro/ultra-filtration (MF/UF) followed by reverse osmosis (RO) membranes, represents a key process for municipal wastewater reuse. A major drawback of such systems is the fouling of both the MF/UF and RO membranes. The water to be treated by the IMS system varies from one wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) to another, and its fouling propensity changes correspondingly. It is thu

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Książki na temat "Water reuse"

R, Evans David, Water Pollution Control Federation. Task Force on Water Reuse., and Water Pollution Control Federation. Systems Management Subcommittee., eds. Water reuse. 2nd ed. Water Pollution Control Federation, 1989.

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Minella, Marco, Alessandra Bianco Prevot, and Valter Maurino, eds. Water Reuse and Unconventional Water Resources. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-67739-7.

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Moura Bernardes, Andréa, Marco Antônio Siqueira Rodrigues, and Jane Zoppas Ferreira, eds. Electrodialysis and Water Reuse. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40249-4.

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United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Wastewater Management. Municipal Support Division., National Risk Management Research Laboratory (U.S.). Technology Transfer and Support Division., and United States. Agency for International Development., eds. Guidelines for water reuse. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2004.

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United States. Environmental Protection Agency. and United States. Agency for International Development., eds. Guidelines for water reuse. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1992.

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United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Wastewater Enforcement & Compliance, ed. Municipal wastewater reuse: Selected readings on water reuse. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, Office of Wastewater Enforcement & Compliance, 1991.

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ADMINISTRATION, FEDERAL AVIATION. Waste water/potable water drain system certification testing. U.S. Dept. of Transportation, Federal Aviation Administration, 1997.

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Washington (State). Dept. of Ecology. and Washington (State). Dept. of Health., eds. Water reclamation and reuse standards. The Dept., 1997.

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Borrows, John D. Water reuse: Considerations for commissions. National Regulatory Research Institute, Ohio State University, 1997.

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Części książek na temat "Water reuse"

Spellman, Frank R. "Water Reuse." In The Science of Water Reuse. CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003498049-4.

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Spellman, Frank R. "Water Reuse." In The Science of Water Reuse. CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003498049-10.

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Spellman, Frank R. "Water Reuse." In The Science of Water Reuse. CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003498049-6.

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Spellman, Frank R. "Water Reuse." In The Science of Water Reuse. CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003498049-7.

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Spellman, Frank R. "Water Reuse." In The Science of Water Reuse. CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003498049-8.

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Spellman, Frank R. "Water Reuse." In The Science of Water Reuse. CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003498049-9.

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Spellman, Frank R. "Water Reuse." In The Science of Water Reuse. CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003498049-5.

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Akter, Aysha. "Greywater Water Reuse." In Springer Water. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94643-2_5.

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Kyritsis, Spyros. "Waste — Water Reuse." In Sustainability of Irrigated Agriculture. Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8700-6_25.

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Spellman, Frank R. "Indirect Water Reuse." In The Science of Water Reuse. CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003498049-13.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Water reuse"

Sims, John J., and Paul R. Puckorius. "A Practical Glide to Water Recycle-Reuse." In CORROSION 1997. NACE International, 1997. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1997-97484.

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Abstract Water recycle and reuse is an important concept throughout industrial nations to help both the conservation of water and protection of the environment by reduction of waste water discharge. There are many practical considerations to help achieve the goals of water reuse/recycle. Guidelines are given as to how to approach water reuse; which “used” waters can be reused with and without additional treatment; how to evaluate the impact of “used” waters; and where “used” waters can best be recycled.

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Hamilton, R. L. "Cascading Water Balances for Optimum Water Reuse." In CORROSION 1996. NACE International, 1996. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1996-96573.

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Abstract Municipalities, agriculture, and industry are competing for a limited supply of fresh water. Although considered as separate entities, in reality they are very interdependent in determining the overall quality of life. Everyone is expected to do more with less, and conservation is the first step toward achieving that goal. Wastewater recycle is an important tool for industries to conserve water. At the same time, increased environmental awareness has resulted in more stringent and complex discharge requirements. The concept of wastewater recycle is relatively straightforward, but the

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Wilcut, Eddie, and Sandra Rios. "Water Conservation and Water Reuse in Cooling Water Systems." In CORROSION 2005. NACE International, 2005. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2005-05545.

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Abstract The San Antonio Water System (SAWS) has taken many steps over the past several years to increase water use efficiency in evaporative cooling towers. Efforts to increase the water use efficiency in evaporative cooling towers were initiated in 1999. These efforts include a comprehensive cooling tower audit program, rebates for water-saving upgrades and modifications, rebates for conversion to alternative water sources, a certification program for cooling tower treatment companies, and ordinances mandating minimum efficiency standards.

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Bresnahan, William T. "Water Reuse in Oil Refineries." In CORROSION 1996. NACE International, 1996. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1996-96567.

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Abstract Crude oil refineries and petrochemical complexes require a reliable supply of fresh water for steam generation, process cooling, and other purposes. Since fresh water is becoming a more scarce and valuable resource in many parts of the world, several locations have undertaken programs to reclaim and reuse waste waters for cooling and steam generation. Two case studies are presented which illustrate some of the technical challenges that were encountered when reusing water in refining and petrochemical complexes

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Hoffman, Herman William. "Industrial Water Reuse in Texas." In CORROSION 1999. NACE International, 1999. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1999-99373.

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Abstract The use of treated wastewater effluent for industrial purposes holds the promise of an economical source of water in a State with limited conventional fresh water resources such as Texas. By combining water reuse and increased water use efficiency with the development of conventional resources such as groundwater and new surface water reservoirs, we can ensure that water is available for industrial growth into the foreseeable future. Reuse holds some specific advantages as a future resource for industry, including: Effluent from municipal wastewater plants is a drought-proof water sou

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Matte, Christian. "Water Conservation, Recycling and Reuse." In CORROSION 2005. NACE International, 2005. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2005-05537.

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Abstract The objective of this paper is to demonstrate the process followed to reduce raw water consumption in an oilsand extraction and upgrading facility, located in Northern Alberta, Canada. To successfully reduce raw water consumption it is critical to understand where the water is used, how the water is used, and to develop alternative sources/supplies of water. A site-wide water management program was initiated in 2003 to address increasing water inventories within the tailings ponds. Results achieved to date, on-going projects as well as path forwards are presented in this case study.

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Vaska, Marcus, and Brian Lee. "Successful Water Reuse in Open Recirculating Cooling Systems." In CORROSION 1994. NACE International, 1994. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1994-94455.

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Abstract Water reuse in open recirculating cooling water systems is becoming increasingly prevalent in industry. Reuse can incorporate a number of varied approaches with the primary goal being water conservation. Market forces driving this trend include scarcity of fresh water makeup sources and higher costs associated with pretreatment of natural waters. Utilization of reuse water for cooling tower makeup has especially detrimental effects on corrosion and deposit rates. Additionally, once the reuse water is cycled and treated with inhibitors, dispersants and microbiocides, acceptability for

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Christophersen, David. "Water Reuse Strategies: Steel Industry Case Studies." In CORROSION 2008. NACE International, 2008. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2008-08370.

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Abstract Successful reuse of water back into industrial water applications requires a comprehensive understanding of process design, water chemistry, membrane systems, chemical treatment, instrumentation and control. The design of systems and case studies from the steel industry will demonstrate the need for understanding mass balances, process modeling, chemical selection, and membrane applications to operate and recycle water systems reliably and effectively.

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Anthony Selby, K., and T. J. Tvedt. "Water Reuse for Electric Utility and Cogeneration Plants - Important Considerations." In CORROSION 1998. NACE International, 1998. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1998-98574.

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Abstract Electric utility and cogeneration (Cogen) plants offer numerous possibilities for the reuse of water in both boiler and cooling systems. However, these plants have specific water quality requirements. Careful evaluation of potential sources of reuse water is needed and water treatment processes must be tailored to the site specific needs of a particular plant. These needs vary based on the design of the plant and often on the geographic location. This paper describes the water quality needs in electric utility and cogeneration facilities and the opportunities for reuse waters to fulfi

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Zibrida, John F., Zahid Amjad, Robert W. Zuhl, and Jim Lewis. "Advances in Reverse Osmosis Application in Water Reuse." In CORROSION 2000. NACE International, 2000. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2000-00314.

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Abstract Conservation of water resources and the minimization of discharges are paramount in today’s industries. The reuse of process water effluents plays an important role in conserving water. This paper investigates the recycle of effluent process water from a metal finishing operation using reverse osmosis to provide make-up water for reuse. A case history demonstrates how membrane separation is used to produce water suitable for use and to minimize or eliminate aqueous discharges. This paper also examines the use of pretreatment chemicals to minimize membrane fouling.

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Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Water reuse"

Adams, Valerie H., and William S. Eck. Shower Water Reuse System-Expanded Operations to Laundry Water. Defense Technical Information Center, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada623518.

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Robert A. Liske. Beneficial Reuse of San Ardo Produced Water. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/901425.

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Robert A. Liske. Beneficial Reuse of San Ardo Produced Water. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/901426.

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Robert A. Liske. Beneficial Reuse of San Ardo Produced Water. Aera Energy Llc, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/898785.

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., Anshuman. Why India needs to incentivise water reuse. Edited by Bharat Bhushan. Monash University, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.54377/a44f-c348.

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Praveena, Sarva Mangala. Why we should not reuse plastic water bottles. Edited by S. Vicknesan. Monash University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54377/3f0b-4404.

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Eid-Sabbagh, K., S. Roukoz, M. H. Nassif, N. Velpuri, and J. Mateo-Sagasta. Analysis of water reuse potential for irrigation in Lebanon. International Water Management Institute (IWMI), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5337/2022.211.

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Toy, Lora, Young Chul Choi, Zachary Hendren, and Gyu Dong Kim. Advanced, Energy-Efficient Hybrid Membrane System for Industrial Water Reuse. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1375009.

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Cejudo, Carmen, Bryan Pamintuan, and Katherine LM Stoughton. Emerging Technologies Review: Water Reuse Systems for Cooling Tower Applications. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/2325011.

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Nusair, Abdulla, Madelyn Barber, Avijit Pramanik, et al. Graphene-coated sand for enhanced water reuse : impact on water quality and chemicals of emerging concern. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2025. https://doi.org/10.21079/11681/49809.

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This paper investigates the potential of graphene-coated sand as an advanced filtration medium for improving water quality and mitigating chemicals of emerging concern in treated municipal wastewater, aiming to enhance water reuse. The study utilizes three types of sand coated with graphene to assess the impact of surface morphology, particle shape, and chemical composition on coating and filtration efficiency. Additionally, sand coated with graphene and activated graphene coated sand were both tested to understand the effect of coating and activation on the filtration process. The materials w

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