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1
Mannopova, Shaxnoza Elshodovna. "Foreign Experience And Ways To Use Investment Activity In Industrial Zones". American Journal of Interdisciplinary Innovations and Research 03, n.º 04 (14 de abril de 2021): 8–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajiir/volume03issue04-02.
Resumo:
The article examines the processes associated with foreign experience and ways to increase investment activity in industrial zones. Conditions and opportunities to increase investment activity in industrial zones have been assessed. Scientific proposals and practical recommendations for the formation of areas of targeted use of foreign experience to increase investment activity in the industrial zones of Uzbekistan.
2
Daniel, Janice, Karen Dixon e David Jared. "Analysis of Fatal Crashes in Georgia Work Zones". Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1715, n.º 1 (janeiro de 2000): 18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1715-03.
Resumo:
Studies on work zone crashes typically examine a combination of injury, fatal, and property damage crashes to identify factors that contribute to unsafe conditions within work zones. Few studies focus on fatal crashes within work zones, although a clear understanding of the driver, roadway, and work zone conditions associated with fatal crashes will facilitate the development of strategies aimed at improving safety and reducing fatal as well as nonfatal crashes. The Georgia Department of Transportation recently performed a study to identify the manner of collision, location, and construction activity associated with fatal crashes in work zones. This study is expanded further to examine the difference between fatal crash activity within work zones compared with fatal crashes in non-work-zone locations. Using data from three work zone locations in Georgia, fatal crash activity within work zones also was compared with nonfatal crashes within work zones. Finally, fatal crash activity was examined to determine the influence of the work zone activity on the frequency of fatal crashes. The overall findings of the study indicate that the work zone influences the manner of collision, light conditions, truck involvement, and roadway functional classification under which fatal crashes occur. The study also indicates that fatal crashes in work zones are more likely to involve another vehicle than non-work-zone fatal crashes, and fatal crashes in work zones are less influenced by horizontal and vertical alignment than are non-work-zone crashes.
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SANTOS, Jaselita M. M. dos, Wanderli Pedro TADEI e Eucléia P. B. CONTEL. "ELECTROPHORETIC ANALYSIS OF 11 ENZYMES IN NATURAL POPULATIONS OFROOT, 1926 (DIPTERA: CULICIDAE) IN THE AMAZON REGION". Acta Amazonica 26, n.º 1-2 (junho de 1996): 97–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1809-43921996261114.
Resumo:
Of eleven proteins analyzed in four Amazonian populations, the esterases showed the greatest variation, with five activity zones. EST1, EST2 and EST5 showed variation in each of the populations studied. EST1 and EST2 are each controlled by two, and EST5 by four, codomi-nant alleles. LAP presented six activity zones, with codominant variation in LAP5and LAP6.oc—GPDH was monomorphic with one activity band on starch gel and two on polyacrylamide gel. 1DH presented two activity zones, with variation in the IDHl region. PGM had a single activity zone, with variation in all populations. The Ariquemes populations showed five alleles and the other populations three, all of then codominant. Three activity zones with two codominant alleles were observed for ODH. Aldehyde Oxidase showed two activity zones, with variation in AOl only in the Ariquemes and Porto Velho/Samuel populations. 6-PGDH showed only one activity zone and variation only in the Ariquemes population. The remaing systems - XDH, G-6-PDH and GDH. was monomorphic.
4
Barnas, Jillian L., e Stephen D. Ball. "The Effects of Activity Zones on Physical Activity During Recess". Health Behavior and Policy Review 6, n.º 2 (1 de março de 2019): 182–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.14485/hbpr.6.2.7.
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Velicanski, Aleksandra, Dragoljub Cvetkovic, Sinisa Markov, Jelena Vulic e Sonja Djilas. "Antibacterial activity of Beta vulgaris L. pomace extract". Acta Periodica Technologica, n.º 42 (2011): 263–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/apt1142263v.
Resumo:
Antibacterial activity of Beta vulgaris L. (beetroot) pomace extract (concentration 100 mg/ml) was tested against five Gram positive and seven Gram negative bacterial strains (reference cultures and natural isolates). Disc diffusion method with 15 ?l of extract and agar-well diffusion method with 50 and 100 ?l were used. Antibiotic (cefotaxime/clavulanic acid) was used as a control sample. The tested extract showed the highest activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus, where clear zones (without growth) appeared. There was no any activity against other tested Gram-positive bacteria, except for Staphylococcus epidermidis, with a small zone of reduced growth. Growth of all tested Gram-negative bacteria was inhibited usually with 100 ?l of extract. The most susceptible were Citrobacter freundii and Salmonella typhymurium. The tested antibiotic gave clear, usually large zones for all tested strains except for Staphylococcus cohni spp. cohni, where only a zone of reduced growth appeared.
6
Datry, Thibault, e Scott T. Larned. "River flow controls ecological processes and invertebrate assemblages in subsurface flowpaths of an ephemeral river reach". Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 65, n.º 8 (agosto de 2008): 1532–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f08-075.
Resumo:
We present the first measurements of solutes, invertebrates, and microbial activity in the semi-perched hyporheic, parafluvial, and riparian flowpaths of an ephemeral river channel. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC), nitrogen (DON), and phosphorus (DOP) concentrations decreased as water from an adjacent river mainstem moved through the flowpaths. DOC, DON, and DOP processing rates decreased with increasing mainstem flow and increased with parafluvial zone length. These patterns suggest that the surface water zones of perched river systems are organic nutrient sources to subsurface flowpaths and that parafluvial zones of these systems are strong sinks for organic matter. No longitudinal changes were detected in NO3–concentrations, and relationships between NO3–processing and hydrological variables were not significant. NO3–concentrations were uniformly high, and microbial activity and DOC and dissolved reactive phosphorus (DRP) concentrations were low, suggesting that biological NO3–removal was carbon- or phosphorus-limited. Invertebrate assemblages also varied between subsurface zones: density and taxon richness in the hyporheic and parafluvial zones were higher than in the riparian zone, and evenness was higher in the riparian zone than in the hyporheic or parafluvial zones. Distinct invertebrate assemblages in riparian zones may reflect greater hydrologic stability compared with hyporheic and parafluvial zones.
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Arancibia, Ramón A., e Carl E. Motsenbocker. "ENZYME ACTIVITY IN TABASCO FRUIT SEPARATION ZONES". HortScience 31, n.º 5 (setembro de 1996): 746a—746. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.31.5.746a.
Resumo:
Red-mature Tabasco (Capsicum frutescens) fruit (`McIlhenny Select') normally separate easily at the junction of the fruit and receptacle or calyx. Differences in fruit detachment force (FDF) between two lines, one that separates readily (`McIlhenny Select') and one that does not (`Hard Pick'), have been reported previously (Motsenbocker et al., 1995). In this study, enzyme activity from the detachment area was analyzed by viscosity reduction. The reaction mixture was 0.3% pectin in 20 mm NaAc, pH 5.5, for polygalacturonase (PG) and 0.6% carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) in 20 mm NaPO4, pH 6.0, for cellulase. Preliminary data indicated that PG and cellulase enzyme activity increased during fruit ripening in both lines. Only cellulase activity, however, correlated with FDF. In addition, the activity of both enzymes was higher in the `McIlhenny Select' line than the `Hard Pick' line at the orange and red-mature stages.
8
Gromova, E. A. "Prospects of Development of Legislation on Territories with Special Regime for Business Activity". Lex Russica, n.º 11 (15 de novembro de 2020): 9–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/1729-5920.2020.168.11.009-020.
Resumo:
Territories with a special regime for business that have shown themselves to good advantage in a number of foreign countries have not yielded the expected positive results in Russia. In this regard, the issues concerning the future of special and free economic zones, regional development zones, areas of advanced social and economic development and Free Port of Vladivostok should be considered. The paper analyzes the draft Federal Law “On Preferential Regimes”. Under the draft Federal Law, it is proposed to transform most territories with a special regime for business activity into a new type, namely: special free economic zones. The paper has determined the advantages of the enactment: additional grounds for termination of the special free economic zone in case of its inefficiency; expansion of the list of preferences granted to residents; possibility of formation of portfolios of preferences in compliance with the needs of a particular region; requirements for managing companies to ensure their adherence to fair competition. The author indicates such shortcomings of the draft law as: the possibility of imposing supplementary requirements on residents of the special free economic zone and their investment projects in addition to requirements provided for by the draft law; imperfection of the contractual form of business activity implemented by residents of such zones, and the fact that the draft law’s provisions concerning transformation do not apply to a number of territories with a special regime for business activity (special free economic zones of Magadan and Kaliningrad regions, free economic zone of the Republic of Crimea). It is concluded that the idea of unifying existing territories with special regime cannot be embodied in the current version of the draft federal law “On Preferential Regimes”.
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Yoh, Natalie, Isham Azhar, Katheryn V. Fitzgerald, Rieka Yu, Tenaja Smith-Butler, Azniza Mahyudin e Tigga Kingston. "Bat Ensembles Differ in Response to Use Zones in a Tropical Biosphere Reserve". Diversity 12, n.º 2 (4 de fevereiro de 2020): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d12020060.
Resumo:
Biosphere reserves, designated under The United Nations Education, Scientific and Cultural Organization’s (UNESCO) Man and Biosphere Programme, aim to sustainably integrate protected areas into the biological and economic landscape around them by buffering strictly protected habitats with zones of limited use. However, the effectiveness of biosphere reserves and the contribution of the different zones of use to protection is poorly known. We assessed the diversity and activity of bats in the Crocker Range Biosphere Reserve (CRBR) in Sabah, Malaysia, using harp traps, mist nets and acoustic surveys in each zone—core, buffer, transition and in agricultural plots outside of the reserve. We captured 30 species, bringing the known bat fauna of CRBR to 50 species, half of Borneo’s bat species. Species composition and acoustic activity varied among zones and by foraging ensemble, with the core and buffer showing particular importance for conserving forest-dependent insectivorous bats. Frugivorous bats were found in all zones but were the most abundant and most species-rich ensemble within agricultural sites. Although sampling was limited, bat diversity and activity was low in the transition zone compared to other zones, indicating potential for management practices that increase food availability and enhance biodiversity value. We conclude that, collectively, the zones of the CRBR effectively protect diversity, but the value of the transition zone can be improved.
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Kazokas, William C., e Jacqueline K. Burns. "Cellulase Activity and Gene Expression in Citrus Fruit Abscission Zones during and after Ethylene Treatment". Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 123, n.º 5 (setembro de 1998): 781–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.123.5.781.
Resumo:
Mature and immature `Valencia' orange [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck] and immature `Valencia' orange and `Tahiti' lime (Citrus latifolia Tan.) fruit with attached pedicels were treated with 8 μL·L-1 ethylene for periods up to 24 hours. Endo-β-1,4-glucanase (cellulase) activity and gene expression were determined in fruit abscission zones during and after ethylene exposure. Cellulase activities were not detected in mature `Valencia' orange and immature `Tahiti' lime fruit abscission zones immediately following harvest and after 6 hours of ethylene treatment. After 12 hours of ethylene treatment, cellulase activity increased and was highest after 24 hours. Cellulase gene expression preceded the rise in cellulase activity and was detectable after 6 hours of ethylene treatment, but then declined after 12 hours. Following transfer to air storage, abscission zone cellulase activity in mature `Valencia' fruit remained high, whereas activity in immature `Tahiti' fruit declined. After 168 hours air storage, activity in abscission zones of mature `Valencia' fruit decreased slightly, but activity in abscission zones of immature `Tahiti' lime fruit increased to the highest level. Expression of abscission zone cellulase gene Cel-a1 in abscission zones of mature `Valencia' fruit markedly increased after transfer to air and was highest after 48 hours air storage. Cel-a1 expression returned to low levels after 168 hours of air storage, but expression of cellulase gene Cel-b1 remained at low levels throughout the air storage period. Expression of Cel-a1 and Cel-b1 declined in fruit abscission zones of immature `Valencia' and `Tahiti' lime fruit upon transfer to air. After 168 hours of air storage, expression of Cel-a1 again rose to high levels but Cel-b1 remained low. The results suggest that differences in cellulase activity and gene expression measured in mature and immature fruit abscission zones during ethylene treatment and subsequent air storage may, in part, explain the differential response of mature and immature fruit to abscission agents.
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Azadi, Farzaneh, Yaw Adu-Gyamfi, Carlos Sun e Praveen Edara. "Mobile Application Development and Testing for Work Zone Activity Real-Time Data Collection". Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2674, n.º 6 (26 de maio de 2020): 351–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198120919118.
Resumo:
Work zones are prevalent in the United States as the infrastructure is increasingly in need of maintenance. Lack of reliable data is one of the main obstacles in work zone research. Reliability suffers because of underreporting of crashes and inclusion in the analysis of irrelevant activities that are not attributable to work zones. In addition, the work zone environment is very dynamic, resulting in differing reasons for crashes. These are barriers to gaining an accurate understanding of safety in work zones. The objective of this paper is to design, develop, and deploy a mobile application (app) for real-time work zone data collection to address these issues. The development process consisted of the following steps. First, a user interface was designed to enable users to collect various work zone activity information. Second, taking advantage of recent advances in cloud computing, a real-time database was designed for efficient storage and instantaneous communication of work zone activity data. Field tests were then conducted at 13 work zone sites in Columbia, Missouri. Finally, the performance of the app was evaluated based on scalability, precision, and user friendliness. The app was able to respond to queries at real-time speeds even as the size of the database and the number of users increased. The precision of sensors was within appreciable accuracy for the geolocation. The app’s user friendliness was acknowledged by the users. The successful deployment of this mobile app would lead to accurate work zone data which is very useful for work zone management, traveler information, contract monitoring, safety analysis, and project coordination.
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Sato, Y., e T. Kawasaki. "Operational unit responsible for plane-specific control of eye movement by cerebellar flocculus in cat". Journal of Neurophysiology 64, n.º 2 (1 de agosto de 1990): 551–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1990.64.2.551.
Resumo:
1. Main findings in our previous studies are as follows: 1) there are three Purkinje cell zones running perpendicular to the long axis of the folia in the cat flocculus, 2) the caudal zone controls activity of the superior rectus (SR) and inferior oblique (IO) extraocular muscles via the y-group and oculomotor nucleus (OMN) neurons, and 3) the middle zone controls activity of the lateral (LR) and medial rectus (MR) muscles via the medial vestibular (MV) and abducens nucleus (ABN) neurons. In the present study, the neuronal pathways from the remaining rostral zone were investigated in the anesthetized cat. 2. Target neurons of rostral zone inhibition in the superior vestibular nucleus (SV) were identified by observing cessation of spontaneous discharges after rostral zone stimulation. Efferent projections were studied by the use of systematic microstimulation techniques. Unitary responses to stimulation of the eighth nerves were also investigated. 3. There are two types of the target neurons: 1) those, being located in the central and dorsal parts of the SV, project to the trochlear and oculomotor nuclei innervating superior oblique and inferior rectus muscles via the ipsilateral medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF); and 2) those, being located along the dorsal border of the SV, project to the contralateral oculomotor nucleus innervating superior rectus and inferior oblique muscles via the extra-MLF route. 4. Both types receive monosynaptic anterior canal nerve input but not posterior canal nerve input. Some neurons receive polysynaptic excitatory input from the contralateral eighth nerve, although commissural inhibition was never observed. 5. From neuronal connections of the rostral and caudal zones and action of the extraocular muscles, it was expected that 1) activity changes of Purkinje cells in the rostral and/or caudal zones on one side resulted in conjugate eye movement in the plane of the anterior canal on the side of the activity changes, 2) cooperative increased activity on both sides resulted in conjugate downward eye movement, and 3) increased activity on one side and decreased activity on the other side resulted in conjugate rotatory eye movement. The rostral and caudal zones may be responsible for eye-movement control in the sagittal plane by cooperative activity changes on both sides and in the transverse plane by reciprocal activity changes on both sides. For eye-movement control in the anterior canal plane, Purkinje cell activity on one side would be sufficient to produce the required movement. In a functional sense, we call the rostral and caudal zones, the vertical-plane zones.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
13
Ruter, John M., e Dewayne L. Ingram. "High Root-zone Temperatures Influence RuBisCO Activity and Pigment Accumulation in Leaves of `Rotundifolia' Holly". Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 117, n.º 1 (janeiro de 1992): 154–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.117.1.154.
Resumo:
Plants of `Rotundifolia' holly (Ilex crenata Thunb.) were grown for 3 weeks with root zones at 30,34,38, or 42C for 6 hours daily to evaluate the effects of supraoptimal root-zone temperatures on various photosynthetic processes. After 3 weeks, photosynthesis of plants grown with root zones at 38 or 42C was below that of plants grown at 30 or 34C. Chlorophyll and carotenoid levels decreased while leaf soluble protein levels increased as root-zone temperature increased. Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO) activity per unit protein and per unit chlorophyll responded quadratically, while RuBisCO activity per unit fresh weight increased linearly in response to increasing root-zone temperature. Results of this study suggest that `Rotundifolia' holly was capable of altering metabolism or redistributing available assimilates to maintain CO2 assimilation rates in response to increasing root-zone temperatures.
14
Yuan, Nicholas Jing, Yu Zheng, Xing Xie, Yingzi Wang, Kai Zheng e Hui Xiong. "Discovering Urban Functional Zones Using Latent Activity Trajectories". IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering 27, n.º 3 (1 de março de 2015): 712–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tkde.2014.2345405.
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Bement, William M., Ann L. Miller e George von Dassow. "Rho GTPase activity zones and transient contractile arrays". BioEssays 28, n.º 10 (2006): 983–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bies.20477.
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Jaboyedoff, M., M. H. Derron e G. M. Manby. "Note on seismic hazard assessment using gradient of uplift velocities in the Turan block (Central Asia)". Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 5, n.º 1 (3 de janeiro de 2005): 43–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-5-43-2005.
Resumo:
Abstract. Uplift gradients can provide the location of highly strained zones, which can be considered to be seismic. The Turan block (Central Asia) contains zones with high gradient of uplift velocities, above the threshold 0.04mm km-1year-1. Some of these zones are associated with important seismic activity and others are not correlated with any recent important recorded earthquakes, however, recent faults scarps as well as diverted rivers may indicate a recent tectonic activity. This threshold of gradient is probably a significant rheologic property of the upper crust. On the basis of these considerations the Uzboy river area is proposed as a potential high seismic hazard zone.
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Dey, Soumya S., Benito O. Pérez, Laura Richards, Alek Pochowski, Meredyth Sanders, Matt Darst, Eduardo Cardenas Sanchez e Stephanie Dock. "Demystifying Urban Curbside Freight Management: Strategic Incremental Approach from Washington, D.C." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2673, n.º 12 (11 de julho de 2019): 312–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198119863773.
Resumo:
Loading zones and commercial vehicle activity are issues in cities across the country including the District of Columbia. Like other major U.S. cities, the District Department of Transportation (DDOT) has tried a variety of initiatives to alleviate the strain commercial vehicle activity places on the overall transportation system. These include metering or otherwise pricing loading zones and parking, expanding the size and increasing the number of loading zones, increasing the number of metered parking spaces, extending loading and metering time periods, simplifying and standardizing truck parking rules, and encouraging nighttime or off-peak goods delivery. These initiatives have had some success but a more targeted approach was needed, especially to address non-commercial vehicles parking in loading zones and thus pushing delivery vehicles to double park while loading and unloading. As part of the parkDC: Penn Quarter/Chinatown performance parking pilot, DDOT attempted to reduce the number of illegally parked cars blocking loading zones by raising prices to the highest prevailing rate on the blockface and increasing loading zone availability by extending the hours of operation of loading zones. Moving forward, DDOT has identified several next steps including: oversize/overweight vehicle routing, increased and targeted loading zone enforcement, increased disincentives for violations, data-driven modifications to the loading zone program, and modifications to the pay-by-cell program to mitigate non-trucks paying to park in loading zones. As gaps in understanding curbside movement close with increased data availability, the District expects the programs associated with curbside management to evolve to reflect smarter policy, program, and management practices.
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Vortman, M. Ya, Zh P. Kopteva, A. E. Kopteva, D. R. Abdulina, Yu B. Pysmenna, G. O. Iutynska, A. V. Rudenko, V. V. Tretyak, V. N. Lemeshko e V. V. Shevchenko. "Antibacterial and Fungicidal Activity of Guanidinium Oligomers". Mikrobiolohichnyi Zhurnal 83, n.º 4 (17 de agosto de 2021): 86–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/microbiolj83.04.086.
Resumo:
Guanidinium oligomers are a poorly studied class of organic compounds and attract attention due to their antimicrobial properties. Strengthening the antimicrobial properties and simplifying and reducing the cost of the synthesis of these compounds is promising for obtaining functional guanidine-containing oligomers with alkyl radicals of different lengths in their composition. The aim of this work is to study the bactericidal and fungicidal activities of newly synthesized oligomeric guanidinium bromides with alkyl radicals of various lengths. Methods. The synthesis of tetraalkyl-substituted guanidine-containing oligomers with an aromatic and aliphatic oligoether component was carried out by the reaction of guanidine-containing oligomers with terminal guanidine fragments and alkyl bromides (Alk=-C3H7, -C7H15, -C10H21) at a molar ratio (1:4) of components. Different types of microorganisms (clinical isolates, gram-positive and gramnegative bacteria, microscopic fungi) were used as test cultures to determine the biocidal activity of the obtained compounds. The bacteria were grown on meat-peptone agar for 48 hours, micromycetes – on beer wort agar (6°B) for 14 days. The hydrocarbon-oxidizing bacteria and micromycetes were incubated at a temperature of 28±2°C, and clinical bacterial isolates – at a temperature of 37±2°C. Antimicrobial activity of oligomers was determined by the standard disco-diffusion method, and fungicidal – by the method of wells in agar. Results. Tetraalkyl-substituted guanidinium bromide oligomers with various radicals (-C3H7, -C7H15, -C10H21) were obtained and their bactericidal and fungicidal activity against various groups of microorganisms was shown. It was found that the obtained oligomers at a concentration of 1–3% in aqueous solution inhibited the growth of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Antimicrobial and fungicidal properties depended on the length of the alkyl radical, and as its length increased, the diameter of growth inhibition zones of bacteria and micromycetes were increased. For 3% solutions of tetraalkyl-substituted guanidine oligomer with aromatic oligoepoxide (Alk=-C10H21), the growth inhibition zones of bacteria were 18–21 mm. The bactericidal effect of oligomer based on aromatic oligoepoxide with alkyl radicals Alk=-C7H15, -C10H21 was 20–25% higher than that for variants with aliphatic oligoepoxide. All the tetraalkyl-substituted (Alk=-C7H15, -C10H21) guanidine-containing oligomers at a concentration of 1% solution showed fungicidal activity to almost all micromycetes, the growth inhibition zones for microscopic fungi on the 7th day were 7–20 mm. The largest growth inhibition zones of micromycetes (in the range 15–20 mm) were observed for oligomers with aromatic oligoepoxide and radicals Alk=-C10H21 and -C7H15 and aliphatic oligoepoxide with radical Alk=-C10H21 (in the range 15–20 mm). Conclusions. The length of the alkyl radical and the nature of the oligoether component affected the bactericidal and fungicidal properties of newly synthesized oligomers. With an increase of the length of the alkyl radical of guanidine-containing oligomers, their bactericidal and fungicidal properties increase, tetralkyl-containing oligomers are promising for use as disinfectants for indoor treatment and as additives in polymer compositions to protect them from bio-damage.
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Ambarwati, Nenengsiti Silfi, Amarila Malik, Berna Elya e Muhammad Hanafi. "PROFILE OF ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF FRACTIONS FROM METHANOL EXTRACTS OF GARCINIA LATISSIMA MIQ. FRUIT RIND". Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 10, n.º 17 (1 de outubro de 2017): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10s5.23099.
Resumo:
Objectives: A previous study showed that methanol extracts of Garcinia latissima Miq. demonstrated antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The aim of this study was to obtain active antibacterial fractions from methanol extracts of G. latissima Miq.Methods: Fractionation of extracts was performed on G60 silica gel column chromatography using n-hexane eluent, ethyl acetate, and methanol. Antibacterial tests were done using the paper disc method to determine the zone of inhibition, the microdilution method to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and a bioautographic test.Results: Fractions A-E, and F had zones of inhibition against B. subtilis. Fractions A-E had zones of inhibition against S. aureus. Fractions C-E had zones of inhibition against P. aeruginosa. The bio-autograph test showed zones of inhibition on several bio-autographic spots, indicating that active compounds were obtained from the fractionation of methanol extract from G. latissima Miq. fruit rind. Fraction D’s MIC against B. subtilis, S. aureus, and P. aeruginosa was 312.5 ppm. The MIC of Fraction C against B. subtilis and of Fraction R against P. aeruginosa also was 312.5 ppm.Conclusion: Fraction D was the most active fraction against the three test bacteria.
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Mikołajczyk, Jarosław, Tomasz Wojewodzic e Wojciech Sroka. "THE SCALE OF INVESTMENT ACTIVITY OF COMMERCIAL FARMS IN METROPOLITAN AREAS". Annals of the Polish Association of Agricultural and Agribusiness Economists XXI, n.º 3 (10 de agosto de 2019): 315–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.2955.
Resumo:
The aim of the research was to identify the scale of investment activity in commercial farms located within different distances of large urban centres. The research covered six voivodships: Lower Silesia, the Lubelskie Voivodship, Lesser Poland, Masovia, Pomerania and Greater Poland. The source of data used in the analyses was the database of the Polish FADN system. Out of the 3,508 farms participating in the system, over an uninterrupted period between 2004 and 2016, entities operating within the study area were selected and classified into three groups: the inner zone of the metropolitan area, the outer zone of the metropolitan area and others (outside metropolitan areas). Out of the population of 1,668 commercial farms that were selected, 46 operated in the inner zone of metropolitan areas, while 143 – in the outer zone. The averaged values for the distinguished groups were subjected to a comparative analysis. The research showed that farms in metropolitan areas have more factors of production (especially land) and demonstrate faster growth compared to farms located outside the zones of a city’s economic impact. They also spend higher amounts on investment and show a higher investment rate. The scale of investment activity of farms located in metropolitan zones gives such entities a real chance of gaining a competitive advantage (both in resources and production) over farms located outside metropolitan areas.
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Fushiki, H., e N. H. Barmack. "Topography and Reciprocal Activity of Cerebellar Purkinje Cells in the Uvula-Nodulus Modulated by Vestibular Stimulation". Journal of Neurophysiology 78, n.º 6 (1 de dezembro de 1997): 3083–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1997.78.6.3083.
Resumo:
Fushiki, H. and N. H. Barmack. Topography and reciprocal activity of cerebellar Purkinje cells in the uvula-nodulus modulated by vestibular stimulation. J. Neurophysiol. 78: 3083–3094, 1997. In the rabbit uvula-nodulus, vestibular and optokinetic information is mapped onto parasagittal zones by climbing fibers. These zones are related functionally to different pairs of vertical semicircular canals, otolithic inputs and horizontal optokinetic inputs. Vestibular stimulation restricted to one of these zones modulates climbing fiber responses (CFRs). Within each of these zones, simple spikes (SSs) are modulated reciprocally with CFRs. In rabbits anesthetized with chloralose-urethan, we have used vestibular and optokinetic stimulation to evoke CFRs within a parasagittal zone while recording from Purkinje cells in adjacent zones. We have examined whether the CFRs evoked by vestibular stimulation in one zone influence the SSs of an adjacent zone. CFRs and SSs were recorded during roll vestibular stimulation. The orientation of the head of the rabbit with respect to the axis of rotation was varied systematically so that a climbing fiber null plane could be determined. This null plane was the orientation of the head about the vertical axis at which no modulation of the CFR was observed during rotation about the longitudinal axis of the vestibular rate table. In the left uvula-nodulus, a medial sagittal strip extending through all the folia contained Purkinje cells with CFRs that had optimal planes of stimulation coplanar with the left posterior-right anterior semicircular canals (LPC-RAC). Lateral to this strip was a strip of Purkinje cells with CFRs that were characterized by optimal planes corresponding to stimulation of the left anterior-right posterior semicircular canals (LAC-RPC). SSs in Purkinje cells were modulated out of phase with CFRs from the same Purkinje cell. The depth of modulation of both CFRs and SSs was reduced during rotation in the climbing fiber “null plane”. The depth of modulation of SSs was greatest when recorded from Purkinje cells located at the center of semicircular canal-related strip. We observed that 1) all folia of the uvula-nodulus receive vestibular climbing fiber inputs; 2) these climbing fiber inputs convey information from the vertical semicircular canals and otoliths but not the horizontal semicircular canals; 3) CFRs evoked in a particular sagittal zone do not influence SSs in adjacent zones; 4) modulation of a CFRs in a particular Purkinje cell can occur without modulation of SSs in the same Purkinje cell, although modulation of SSs was not observed in the absence of CFR modulation; and 5) modulation of SSs sometimes preceded that of CFRs in the same cell, implying that interneuronal pathways may contribute to SS modulation. Climbing fiber-driven Golgi cells, the inhibitory axon terminals of which end on granule cell dendrites in the classic glomerular synapse, may provide this interneuronal mechanism.
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Kubicz, A., E. Wieczorek e B. Morawiecka. "Acrylamide gel electrophoresis of proteins, acid phosphatases and RN-ases from three potato varieties". Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 41, n.º 1 (2015): 107–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.1972.008.
Resumo:
Studies on variety differences in the protein and acid phosphatase patterns as well as ribunuclease activity distribution were carried out by disc electrophoresis on saline extracts of three varieties of the potato <i>Solanum tuberosum</i> (L.). The protein bands varied in number, position and relative abundance. One main zone of the acid phosphatase activity was detected consisting of 2-3 electrophoretically different bands. Variety differences were concerned with the number and relative abundance of these bands. RNase activity was detected in 4 main zones, in some of them additional subbands were visible. Differences between the three examined varieties were reflected in the occurence of the particular activity zones or their subbands.
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Burtan, Zbigniew, Jerzy Cieślik e Dariusz Chlebowski. "Seismicity induced by hard coal mining in the vicinity of faults". E3S Web of Conferences 66 (2018): 01008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20186601008.
Resumo:
An inherent feature of Polish collieries within the Upper Silesia Coal Basin is the high level of mining induced seismicity, resulting in elevated rockburst hazard levels. One of the major causes of high-energy seismic events is that mining operations are continued in the vicinity of major faulting zones. The study summarises the results of geo-mechanical and statistical analysis of mining-induced seismic activity in the region of major faults, in a selected section within a colliery. Seismic activity assessment involves the categorisation of seismic events due to tectonic movements in the context of various face development systems with respect to the faulting zone: perpendicular (advancing towards the faulting zone or retreating) or parallel (along the faulting zone). Registered seismic activity was analysed in the context of epicenter locations and variations of seismic activity in relation to the developing face operations in the function of time and energy ratings (Gutenberg-Richter formulas). Results have demonstrated that increased levels of seismic activity in the strata can be attributable to mining operations in the vicinity of major faulting zones.
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Laskari, A., R. de Kat, R. J. Hearst e B. Ganapathisubramani. "Time evolution of uniform momentum zones in a turbulent boundary layer". Journal of Fluid Mechanics 842 (13 de março de 2018): 554–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2018.126.
Resumo:
Time-resolved planar particle image velocimetry was used to analyse the structuring of a turbulent boundary layer into uniform momentum zones (UMZs). The instantaneous peak-detection method employed by Adrian et al. (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 422, 2000, pp. 1–54) and de Silva et al. (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 786, 2016, pp. 309–331) is extended to account for temporal coherence of UMZs. The resulting number of zones detected appears to follow a normal distribution at any given instant. However, the extreme cases in which the number of zones is either very high or very low, are shown to be linked with two distinct flow states. A higher than average number of zones is associated with a large-scale $Q2$ event in the log region which creates increased small-scale activity within that region. Conversely, a low number of zones corresponds to a large-scale $Q4$ event in the log region and decreased turbulent activity away from the wall. The residence times, within the measurement plane, of zones belonging to the latter scenario are shown to be on average four times larger than those of zones present during higher than average zone structuring states. For both cases, greater residence times are observed for zones of higher momentum that are generally closer to the free stream.
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Deliagina, T. G., G. N. Orlovsky, A. I. Selverston e Y. I. Arshavsky. "Neuronal Mechanisms for the Control of Body Orientation inClione I. Spatial Zones of Activity of Different Neuron Groups". Journal of Neurophysiology 82, n.º 2 (1 de agosto de 1999): 687–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1999.82.2.687.
Resumo:
The marine mollusk Clione limacina,when swimming, can stabilize different body orientations in the gravitational field. Here we describe one of the modes of operation of the postural network in Clione—maintenance of the vertical, head-up orientation. Experiments were performed on the CNS-statocyst preparation. Spike discharges in the axons of different types of neurons were recorded extracellularly when the preparation was rotated in space through 360° in different planes. We characterized the spatial zones of activity of the tail and wing motor neurons as well as of the CPB3 interneurons mediating the effects of statocyst receptor cells on the tail motor neurons. It was found that the activity of the tail motor neurons increased with deviation of the preparation from the normal, rostral-side-up orientation. Their zones of activity were very wide (∼180°). According to the zone position, three distinct groups of tail motor neuron (T1–T3) could be distinguished. The T1 group had a center of the zone near the ventral-side-up orientation, whereas the zones of T2 and T3 had their centers near the left-side-up and the right-side-up positions, respectively. By comparing the zone of activity with the direction of tail bending elicited by each of the groups, one can conclude that gravitational reflexes mediated by the T1, T2, and T3 groups will evoke turning of the animal toward the head-up orientation. Two identified wing motor neurons, 1A and 2A, causing the wing beating, were involved in gravitational reactions. They were activated with the downward inclination of the ipsilateral side. Opposite reactions were observed in the motor neurons responsible for the wing retraction. A presumed motor effect of these reactions is an increase of oscillations in the wing that is directed downward and turning of Clionetoward the head-up orientation. Among the CPB3 interneurons, at least four groups could be distinguished. In three of them (IN1, IN2, and IN3), the zones of activity were similar to those of the three groups (T1, T2, and T3) of the tail motor neurons. The group IN4 had the center of its zone in the dorsal-side-up position; a corresponding group was not found among the tail motor neurons. In lesion experiments, it was found that gravitational input mediated by a single CPB3 interneuron produced activation of its target tail motor neurons in their normal zones, but the strength of response was reduced considerably. This finding suggests that several interneurons with similar spatial zones converge on individual tail motor neurons. In conclusion, because of a novel method, activity of the neuronal network responsible for the postural control in Clione was characterized in the terms of gravitational responses in different neuron groups comprising the network.
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Gudkova, T., A. Batov e V. Zharkov. "On Zones of Possible Increased Seismic Activity on Mars". Доклады академии наук 481, n.º 4 (agosto de 2018): 430–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s086956520001805-8.
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Martyniuk-Peczek, Justyna, Tomasz Parteka e Grzegorz Peczek. "Territorial Aspects of Entrepreneurial Activity in Polish Suburban Zones". Procedia Engineering 161 (2016): 1639–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2016.08.639.
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Gudkova, T. V., A. V. Batov e V. N. Zharkov. "On Zones of Potential High Seismic Activity on Mars". Doklady Earth Sciences 481, n.º 2 (agosto de 2018): 1013–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1028334x18080056.
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Dhar, O. N., e Shobha Nandargi. "Zones of severe rainstorm activity over India—some refinements". International Journal of Climatology 15, n.º 7 (julho de 1995): 811–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/joc.3370150708.
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Morillas, J. M. Barrigón, V. Gómez Escobar, J. A. Méndez Sierra, R. Vílchez-Gómez e J. M. Vaquero. "Effects of Leisure Activity Related Noise in Residential Zones". Building Acoustics 12, n.º 4 (dezembro de 2005): 265–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/135101005775219085.
Resumo:
An analysis of two noise surveys of the city of Cáceres is presented. The first was made for 400 inhabitants living throughout the city, and the second for 50 inhabitants of a conflictive zone due to noise during the night, mainly at weekends. The similarity of the two groups of persons interviewed was studied and verified. Then a comparison was made of the responses referring to disturbing noise sources and effects of noise. The results showed appreciable differences between the two surveys. Some continuous sound pressure level measurements made over several days are also presented. They show major differences in the sound levels between the zone and the rest of the city.
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Razumov, Viktor Vladimirovich, Karina Saidovna Viskhadzhieva, Natalia Viktorovna Razumova e Andrey Vladimirovich Skripchinskiy. "ACTIVITY OF THE LANDSLIDE ZONES OF THE STAVROPOL UPLAND". Nauka. Innovatsii. Tekhnologii, n.º 2 (2020): 27–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.37493/2308-4758.2020.2.2.
32
DELIAGINA, T. G., e G. N. ORLOVSKY. "Control of Locomotion in the Freshwater Snail Planorbis Corneus: II. Differential Control of Various Zones of the Ciliated Epithelium". Journal of Experimental Biology 152, n.º 1 (1 de setembro de 1990): 405–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.152.1.405.
Resumo:
In the freshwater snail Planorbis corneus, the neuronal mechanisms of the pedal ganglia that control ciliary locomotion were studied. The foot was attached to the bottom of a recording chamber with the ciliated epithelium facing upwards. To record the total motor effect produced by ciliary beating, a small disk with its edge lying on the sole of the foot was used. The ciliary beating forced the disk to rotate. In the pedal ganglia, efferent locomotor neurones (ELNs) were found, which control the locomotor activity of the ciliated epithelium. This locomotor activity increased with excitation of an ELN, and decreased with its inhibition. Axons of the ELNs, controlling the anterior, middle and posterior zones, traverse the corresponding pedal nerves. For the anterior zone, two ELNs were found. For the middle and posterior zones, only one ELN per zone was found. The activity of ELNs correlated with the intensity of ciliary beating during the following central and reflex influences upon the locomotor mechanisms: (1) spontaneous fluctuations of the locomotor activity, (2) changes of temperature, (3) transections of central connections (interganglionic connectives), (4) defensive reactions evoked by tactile stimuli or switching off the light, and (5) activation of feeding behaviour by natural stimuli. The data strongly suggest that ELNs are responsible for the differential control of locomotor activity in various zones of the ciliated epithelium during different behavioural acts.
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Ayhan, Ayşe, e Emine Bogenç Demirel. "Understanding urban intervention as a translational activity". Translation Spaces 7, n.º 2 (28 de novembro de 2018): 202–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ts.18004.ayh.
Resumo:
AbstractThis article aims to examine Yeldeğirmeni, a historically multilingual and multicultural neighborhood in Istanbul, as a translation zone. The language landscape of Yeldeğirmeni, along with its social and cultural texture, has been transformed by both social and political changes in Turkey, and as a result of urban interventions by institutional and individual actors. We discuss the Yeldeğirmeni Revitalization Project and Mural Istanbul Festival as urban interventions that transform the social and cultural texture of the city in translation zones, owing to the significant role played by cultural mediators. Yeldeğirmeni is analyzed as a discourse in the context of cultural translation, and urban intervention is viewed as a medium of translation.
34
Obara, Kazushige, e Takuya Nishimura. "Main Results from the Program Promotion Panel for Subduction-Zone Earthquakes". Journal of Disaster Research 15, n.º 2 (20 de março de 2020): 87–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2020.p0087.
Resumo:
Understanding the occurrence mechanism of subduction zone earthquakes scientifically is intrinsically important for not only forecast of future subduction earthquakes but also disaster mitigation for strong ground motion and tsunami accompanied by large earthquakes. The Program Promotion Panel for Subduction-zone earthquakes mainly focused on interplate megathrust earthquakes in the subduction zones and the research activity included collection and classification of historical data on earthquake phenomena, clarifying the current earthquake phenomena and occurrence environment of earthquake sources, modelling earthquake phenomena, forecast of further earthquake activity based on monitoring crustal activity and precursory phenomena, and development of observation and analysis technique. Moreover, we studied the occurrence mechanism of intraslab earthquakes within the subducting oceanic plate. Five-year observational research program actually produced enormous results for deep understanding of subduction zone earthquakes phenomena, especially in terms of slow earthquakes, infrequent huge earthquakes, and intraslab earthquakes. This paper mainly introduces results from researches on these phenomena in subduction zones.
35
Asongu, Simplice. "New empirics of monetary policy dynamics: evidence from the CFA franc zones". African Journal of Economic and Management Studies 7, n.º 2 (13 de junho de 2016): 164–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ajems-11-2012-0079.
Resumo:
Purpose – A major lesson of the European Monetary Union crisis is that serious disequilibria in a monetary union result from arrangements not designed to be robust to a variety of shocks. With the specter of this crisis looming substantially and scarring existing monetary zones, the purpose of this paper is to complement existing literature by analyzing the effects of monetary policy on economic activity (output and prices) in the CEMAC and UEMOA CFA franc zones. Design/methodology/approach – VARs within the frameworks of Vector Error-Correction Models and Granger causality models are used to estimate the long- and short-run effects, respectively. Impulse response functions are further used to assess the tendencies of significant Granger causality findings. A battery of robustness checks are also employed to ensure consistency in the specifications and results. Findings –H1. monetary policy variables affect prices in the long-run but not in the short-run in the CFA zones (broadly untrue). This invalidity is more pronounced in CEMAC (relative to all monetary policy variables) than in UEMOA (with regard to financial dynamics of activity and size). H2. monetary policy variables influence output in the short-term but not in the long-run in the CFA zones. First, the absence of cointegration among real output and the monetary policy variables in both zones confirm the neutrality of money in the long term. With the exception of overall money supply, the significant effect of money on output in the short-run is more relevant in the UEMOA zone, than in the CEMAC zone in which only financial system efficiency and financial activity are significant. Practical implications – First, compared to the CEMAC region, the UEMOA zone’s monetary authority has more policy instruments for offsetting output shocks but fewer instruments for the management of short-run inflation. Second, the CEMAC region is more inclined to non-traditional policy regimes while the UEMOA zone dances more to the tune of traditional discretionary monetary policy arrangements. A wide range of policy implications are discussed. Inter alia: implications for the long-run neutrality of money and business cycles; implications for credit expansions and inflationary tendencies; implications of the findings to the ongoing debate; country-specific implications and measures of fighting surplus liquidity. Originality/value – The paper’s originality is reflected by the use of monetary policy variables, notably money supply, bank and financial credits, which have not been previously used, to investigate their impact on the outputs of economic activities, namely, real GDP output and inflation, in developing country monetary unions.
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Vogel, Eugenio E., Felipe G. Brevis, Denisse Pastén, Víctor Muñoz, Rodrigo A. Miranda e Abraham C. L. Chian. "Measuring the seismic risk along the Nazca–South American subduction front: Shannon entropy and mutability". Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 20, n.º 11 (6 de novembro de 2020): 2943–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-20-2943-2020.
Resumo:
Abstract. Four geographical zones are defined along the trench that is formed due to the subduction of the Nazca plate underneath the South American plate; they are denoted A, B, C and D from north to south; zones A, B and D had a major earthquake after 2010 (magnitude over 8.0), while zone C has not, thus offering a contrast for comparison. For each zone, a sequence of intervals between consecutive seisms with magnitudes greater than or equal to 3.0 is set up and then characterized by Shannon entropy and mutability. These methods show a correlation after a major earthquake in what is known as the aftershock regime but show independence otherwise. Exponential adjustments to these parameters reveal that mutability offers a wider range for the parameters to characterize the recovery compared to the values of the parameters defining the background activity for each zone before a large earthquake. It is found that the background activity is particularly high for zone A, still recovering for zone B, reaching values similar to those of zone A in the case of zone C (without recent major earthquake) and oscillating around moderate values for zone D. It is discussed how this can be an indication of more risk of an important future seism in the cases of zones A and C. The similarities and differences between Shannon entropy and mutability are discussed and explained.
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Astuti, Rufti Puji, Rachmad Pambudy e Burhanuddin Burhanuddin. "DAMPAK TATA RUANG WILAYAH TERHADAP AKTIVITAS KEWIRAUSAHAAN DAN PERTUMBUHAN USAHA PETERNAKAN AYAM BROILER DI PROVINSI JAMBI". TATALOKA 18, n.º 2 (2 de maio de 2016): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/tataloka.18.2.67-75.
Resumo:
<div><p class="AbstractEnglish">Spatial is one issue that is important in assessing the concept of entrepreneurship. Interest studied the problems of spatial and entrepreneurship is to create business growth, through the support of business locations atmosphere, leading to the creation of entrepreneurial activity. The purpose of this study to (1) identify the determining factors of the characteristics of the zone; (2) to analyze the influence of the characteristics of the zone of entrepreneurial activity; (3) Analyze the effects of entrepreneurial activity on the growth of broiler chicken farm. The research was conducted by survey method, conducted in three zones in Jambi province with a total sample of 140 farmers. The results showed (1) Characteristics of the zone formed by the spatial characteristics, enterprises and entrepreneurs. (2) Characteristics of significant zones of direct and positive effect on entrepreneurial activity (3) entrepreneurial activities significantly affect the growth of broiler chicken farm, both of which have a positive relationship. In other words, the growth of the business acquired, occur because of the encouragement of entrepreneurial activity increased farmers. </p></div>
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BROETTO, F., A. M. CASA, E. MALAVOLTA e C. R. LOPES. "ISOENZYMATIC POLYMORPHISM AND ACTIVITY OF PEROXIDASES OF COMMON BEAN (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) UNDER SALINE STRESS". Scientia Agricola 54, n.º 3 (setembro de 1997): 128–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90161997000200003.
Resumo:
One of the uses of the technique of tissue culture for plant breeding is the identification of cell lines tolerant to salt stress.In order to study the biochemical mechanisms involved in the genetic expression to salt tolerance, callus from embryo axis of four bean cultivars (cv. IAC-carioca; cv. IAPAR-14; cv. JALO-EEP558; CV. BAT-93) were grown in Murashige & Skoog (1962) medium, supplemented with NaCl in the concentrations of 0, 20, 40, 60 and 80 mM. After 14 days callus were harvested and analyzed according to their isoenzymatic patterns and peroxidase activities. BAT and IAPAR cultivars showed two common activity zones in the anodic region, with only one specific enzymatic band to each one (the two fastest migration band); it is possible that the two middle anodic zones detected are products of the same enzymatic locus but from different alleles with different eletrophoretic mobilities. Cv. JALO showed two anodic activities in common with cvs IAC and IAPAR with an exclusive anodic zone of slower migration which showed the most intense activity of all cultivars analyzed. This cv. still showed a dimeric heterozygotic catodic zone in all treated samples. Probably this is the same zone which occurs in homozygosis with fixation of the slower allele for all cvs BAT and IAPAR submitted to all treatments. Cv. IAC showed two anodic bands in common with Cv. IAPAR and cv. JALO. It still showed a faster anodic band in common with cv. IAPAR and an exclusive anodic band of slower migration. It is interesting to say that for this cv. IAC resulting from cultivation in NaCl 20 mM did not show activity in the three slower anodic zones. Cv. IAC showed only one dimeric heterozygotic catodic zone in all treatments. This zone is probably composed by two different alleles from the same locus detected in cv. JALO. Samples from cv. IAC treated with 40 and 60 mM showed a more intense enzymatic activity in the catodic zone. Analyses of the peroxidase activity in the crude extract of the different bean cultivars analysed showed different reations to salt concentration in the cultivation procedures as well as a high increasing of peroxidase activity in cv. IAC and JALO.
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Kosutova, Michaela, Olga Pechanova, Andrej Barta, Sona Franova e Martina Cebova. "Different adaptive NO-dependent Mechanisms in Normal and Hypertensive Conditions". Molecules 24, n.º 9 (30 de abril de 2019): 1682. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24091682.
Resumo:
Myocardial infarction (MI) remains the leading cause of death worldwide. We aimed to investigate the effect of NO deficiency on selective biochemical parameters within discreet myocardial zones after experimentally induced MI. To induce MI, the left descending coronary artery was ligated in two groups of 16-week-old WKY rats. In one group, NO production was inhibited by L-NAME (20 mg/kg/day) administration four weeks prior to ligation. Sham operations were performed on both groups as a control. Seven days after MI, we evaluated levels of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity, eNOS, iNOS, NFҡB/p65 and Nrf2 in ischemic, injured and non-ischemic zones of the heart. Levels of circulating TNF-α and IL-6 were evaluated in the plasma. MI led to increased NOS activity in all investigated zones of myocardium as well as circulating levels of TNF-α and IL-6. L-NAME treatment decreased NOS activity in the heart of sham operated animals. eNOS expression was increased in the injured zone and this could be a compensatory mechanism that improves the perfusion of the myocardium and cardiac dysfunction. Conversely, iNOS expression increased in the infarcted zone and may contribute to the inflammatory process and irreversible necrotic changes.
40
Marshall, David J., Hussein Taha, Amalina Brahim e Ahmed Awad Abdelhady. "Supratidal existence drives phenotypic divergence, but not speciation, in tropical rocky-shore snails". Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 132, n.º 1 (20 de novembro de 2020): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/blaa164.
Resumo:
Abstract The mechanisms underlying the evolutionary adaptation of animals that transcend the ecological barrier separating the intertidal and supratidal zones of rocky shores are poorly understood. Different wetting frequencies in these zones in tropical regions (daily vs. seasonally, respectively) impose different physical stressors, which should drive phenotypic variation and ultimately speciation in the animals that inhabit them. We studied morphological, physiological and genetic variation in a tropical high-shore gastropod that transcends these zones [Echinolittorina malaccana (Philippi, 1847)]. Variation in melanization, shell features and evaporative water loss was linked to regular seawater wetting, frequent activity and feeding, and solar exposure in intertidal snails, and to inactivity and prolonged aestivation in the shade during continuous air exposure in supratidal snails. Despite selective pressure for phenotypic divergence, and reproductive isolation of the populations in either zone, their mitochondrial COI gene sequences confirmed that they represent a single species. Speciation in our study case is probably constrained by the limitation on activity, mating and reproduction of supratidal snails, such that their populations can only be sustained through intertidal pelagic larval recruitment. Comparisons with other studies suggest that supratidal speciation and specialization for life in this zone probably require moderation of the abiotic (desiccative) conditions, to facilitate greater activity and interaction of animals during air exposure.
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Al-Qaysi, Safaa A. S., Halah Al-Haideri, Zaid Akram Thabit, Wijdan Hameed Abd Al-Razzaq Al-Kubaisy e Jamal Abd Al-Rahman Ibrahim. "Production, Characterization, and Antimicrobial Activity of Mycocin Produced byDebaryomyces hanseniiDSMZ70238". International Journal of Microbiology 2017 (2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/2605382.
Resumo:
The present study was conducted to estimate the antimicrobial activity and the potential biological control of the killer toxin produced byD. hanseniiDSMZ70238 against several pathogenic microorganisms. In this study, the effects of NaCl, pH, and temperature, killer toxin production, and antimicrobial activity were studied. The results showed that the optimum inhibitory effect of killer toxin was at 8% NaCl, and the diameters of clear zones were 20, 22, 22, 21, 14, and 13 mm forStaphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Candida albicans,andCandida neoformans, respectively. The largest inhibition zones were observed at pH 4.5 with inhibition zone of 16, 18, 17, 18, 11, and 12 mm for the same microorganisms. The results also showed that 25°C is the optimal temperature for toxin killing activity against all targeted microorganisms. In addition, the activity of killer toxin significantly inhibited the growth of fungal mycelia for all target pathogenic fungi and the percentages of inhibition were 47.77, 48.88, 52.22, and 61.11% forTrichophyton rubrum, Alternaria alternata, Trichophyton concentricum,andCurvularia lunata, respectively. The results showed the highest growth rate ofD. hanseniiDSMZ70238 under condition of 8% NaCl concentration, pH 4.5, and 25°C for 72 h.
42
Xu, Nan, Jiancheng Luo, Tianjun Wu, Wen Dong, Wei Liu e Nan Zhou. "Identification and Portrait of Urban Functional Zones Based on Multisource Heterogeneous Data and Ensemble Learning". Remote Sensing 13, n.º 3 (21 de janeiro de 2021): 373. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13030373.
Resumo:
Urban functional zones are important space carriers for urban economic and social function. The accurate and rapid identification of urban functional zones is of great significance to urban planning and resource allocation. However, the factors considered in the existing functional zone identification methods are not comprehensive enough, and the recognition of functional zones stops at their categories. This paper proposes a framework that combines multisource heterogeneous data to identify the categories of functional zones and draw the portraits of functional zones. The framework comprehensively describes the features of functional zones from four aspects: building-level metrics, landscape metrics, semantic metrics, and human activity metrics, and uses a combination of ensemble learning and active learning to balance the identification accuracy of functional zones and the labeling cost during large-scale generalization. Furthermore, sentiment analysis, word cloud analysis, and land cover proportion maps are added to the portraits of typical functional zones to make the image of functional zones vivid. The experiment carried out within the Fifth Ring Road, Haidian District, Beijing, shows that the overall accuracy of the method reached 82.37% and the portraits of the four typical functional zones are clear. The method in this paper has good repeatability and generalization, which is helpful to carry out quantitative and objective research on urban functional zones.
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Kuhlmann, Constanze, Thilo L. Schenck, Attila Aszodi, Riccardo E. Giunta e Paul Severin Wiggenhauser. "Zone-Dependent Architecture and Biochemical Composition of Decellularized Porcine Nasal Cartilage Modulate the Activity of Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells in Cartilage Regeneration". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, n.º 18 (14 de setembro de 2021): 9917. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22189917.
Resumo:
Previous anatomical studies have shown different functional zones in human nasal septal cartilage (NC). These zones differ in respect to histological architecture and biochemical composition. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of these zones on the fate of stem cells from a regenerative perspective. Therefore, decellularized porcine septal cartilage was prepared and subjected to histological assessment to demonstrate its equivalence to human cartilage. Decellularized porcine NC (DPNC) exposed distinct surfaces depending on two different histological zones: the outer surface (OS), which is equivalent to the superficial zone, and the inner surface (IS), which is equivalent to the central zone. Human adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs) were isolated from the abdominal fat tissue of five female patients and were seeded on the IS and OS of DPNC, respectively. Cell seeding efficiency (CSE), vitality, proliferation, migration, the production of sulfated glycosaminoglycans (sGAG) and chondrogenic differentiation capacity were evaluated by histological staining (DAPI, Phalloidin, Live-Dead), biochemical assays (alamarBlue®, PicoGreen®, DMMB) and the quantification of gene expression (qPCR). Results show that cell vitality and CSE were not influenced by DPNC zones. ASCs, however, showed a significantly higher proliferation and elevated expression of early chondrogenic differentiation, as well as fibrocartilage markers, on the OS. On the contrary, there was a significantly higher upregulation of hypertrophy marker MMP13 (p < 0.0001) and GAG production (p = 0.0105) on the IS, whereas cell invasion into the three-dimensional DPNC was higher in comparison to the OS. We conclude that the zonal-dependent distinct architecture and composition of NC modulates activities of ASCs seeded on DPNC. These findings might be used for engineering of cartilage substitutes needed in facial reconstructive surgery that yield an equivalent histological and functional structure, such as native NC.
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Meng, Fancong, Huai-Jen Yang, Alexander B. Makeyev, Yufeng Ren, Ksenia V. Kulikova e Natasha I. Bryanchaninova. "Jadeitite in the Syum-Keu ultramafic complex from Polar Urals, Russia: insights intofluid activity in subduction zones". European Journal of Mineralogy 28, n.º 6 (7 de março de 2016): 1079–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/ejm/2016/0028-2563.
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Zhou, Jing, Yan Lu, Wen-Guang Shi, Shu-Rong Deng e Zhi-Bin Luo. "Physiological characteristics and RNA sequencing in two root zones with contrasting nitrate assimilation of Populus × canescens". Tree Physiology 40, n.º 10 (2 de junho de 2020): 1392–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpaa071.
Resumo:
Abstract Different root zones have distinct capacities for nitrate (NO3−) uptake in Populus species, but the underlying physiological and microRNA (miRNA) regulatory mechanisms remain largely unknown. To address this question, two root zones of Populus × canescens (Ait.) Smith. with contrasting capacities for NO3− uptake were investigated. The region of 0–40 mm (root zone I) to the root apex displayed net influxes, whereas the region of 40–80 mm (root zone II) exhibited net effluxes. Concentrations of NO3− and ammonium (NH4+) as well as nitrate reductase activity were lower in zone II than in zone I. Forty one upregulated and twenty three downregulated miRNAs, and 576 targets of these miRNAs were identified in zone II in comparison with zone I. Particularly, growth-regulating factor 4 (GRF4), a target of upregulated ptc-miR396g-5p and ptc-miR396f_L + 1R-1, was downregulated in zone II in comparison with zone I, probably contributing to lower NO3− uptake rates and assimilation in zone II. Furthermore, several miRNAs and their targets, members of C2H2 zinc finger family and APETALA2/ethylene-responsive element binding protein family, were found in root zones, which probably play important roles in regulating NO3− uptake. These results indicate that differentially expressed miRNA–target pairs play key roles in regulation of distinct NO3− uptake rates and assimilation in different root zones of poplars.
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Davies, Todd A., Linda M. Kelly, Michael R. Jacobs e Peter C. Appelbaum. "Antipneumococcal Activity of Telithromycin by Agar Dilution, Microdilution, E Test, and Disk Diffusion Methodologies". Journal of Clinical Microbiology 38, n.º 4 (2000): 1444–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.38.4.1444-1448.2000.
Resumo:
Agar dilution and microdilution (both in air) and E test and disk diffusion (both in air and CO2) were used to test the activity of telithromycin against 110 erythromycin-susceptible and 106 erythromycin-resistant pneumococci. The MICs at which 50 and 90% of strains are inhibited (MIC50s and MIC90s, respectively) for erythromycin-susceptible strains varied between 0.008 and 0.016 μg/ml and 0.016 and 0.03 μg/ml when the samples were incubated in air. By comparison, telithromycin MIC50s and MIC90s for erythromycin-resistant strains were in air 0.03 to 0.125 and 0.125 to 0.5 μg/ml, respectively. When agar dilution was used as the reference method, essential agreement was found for 112 of 216 strains (51.9%) for microdilution, 168 of 216 (77.8%) for E test in air, and 132 of 216 (61.1%) for E test in CO2. With the exception of four strains tested by E test in CO2, all organisms were susceptible to a proposed telithromycin susceptibility breakpoint of ≤1 μg/ml. By disk diffusion with 15-μg telithromycin disks, all strains but one had zones of inhibition ≥19 mm in diameter when incubated in CO2, while all strains had zone diameters of ≥22 mm when incubated in air. Zone diameters in air were generally 4 to 5 mm larger than in CO2. By all methods, MICs and zones of all erythromycin-resistant strains occurred in clusters separated from those seen with erythromycin-susceptible strains. The results for macrolide-resistant strains with erm andmef resistance determinants were similar. The results show that (i) telithromycin is very active against erythromycin-susceptible and -resistant strains irrespective of macrolide resistance mechanism; (ii) susceptibility to telithromycin can be reliably tested by the agar, microdilution, E test, and disk diffusion methods; and (iii) incubation in CO2 led to smaller zones by disk diffusion and higher MICs by E test, but at a susceptible MIC breakpoint of ≤1 μg/ml and a susceptible zone diameter cutoff of ≥19 mm in CO2, 215 of 216 strains were found to be susceptible to telithromycin.
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Ambrož, Pavel. "Large-scale patterns, complexes of solar activity and ‘active longitudes’". Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 2, n.º 14 (agosto de 2006): 277–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921307010575.
Resumo:
AbstractTypical latitude zones and longitude sectors with a dominant occurrence of newly emerging magnetic flux were systematically detected during three last activity cycles. Two long time persistent longitude sectors with the preferred occurrence of a new strong magnetic flux are characteristic for magnetic flux distribution and their rotation rate is latitude dependent in the relationship with differential rotation rate. Recent new information about the large-scale flows in convection zone relates to a concept of the expected giant cells and jets and show a new relationship with different scales of the large-scale circulation. Non-axially symmetric horizontal flow in upper part of convection zone gives a good motivation for an extension of the existing axially symmetric 2D models into new 3D concept.
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Anthamatten, Peter, Lois Brink, Beverly Kingston, Eve Kutchman, Sarah Lampe e Claudio Nigg. "An Assessment of Schoolyard Features and Behavior Patterns in Children’s Utilization and Physical Activity". Journal of Physical Activity and Health 11, n.º 3 (março de 2014): 564–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2012-0064.
Resumo:
Background:Careful research that elucidates how behavior relates to design in the context of elementary school grounds can serve to guide cost-efficient design with the goal of encouraging physical activity (PA). This work explores patterns in children’s PA behavior within playground spaces with the specific goal of guiding healthy playground design.Methods:Data on children’s utilization and PA behavior in 6 playgrounds divided into 106 observation zones were collected in 2005 and 2006 at Denver elementary school playgrounds using the System for Observing Play and Leisure Activity in Youth. Analyses of variance and t tests determined whether there were differences in utilization and behavior patterns across observations zones and between genders.Results:This study provides evidence that children prefer to use certain types of playground zones and that they are more likely to practice moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in some zones. The authors observed statistically significant differences between genders. Boys were more likely to engage in MVPA in zones without equipment, girls were more likely to use zones with equipment.Conclusions:This work suggests that the inclusion or omission of specific playground features may have an impact on the way that children use the spaces.
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Agostinis-Sobrinho, César, Carla Moreira, Sandra Abreu, Luís Lopes, José Oliveira-Santos, Jostein Steene-Johannessen, Jorge Mota e Rute Santos. "Serum Adiponectin Levels and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Nonoverweight and Overweight Portuguese Adolescents: The LabMed Physical Activity Study". Pediatric Exercise Science 29, n.º 2 (maio de 2017): 237–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/pes.2016-0162.
Resumo:
Purpose:This study examined the independent associations between cardiorespiratory fitness and circulating adiponectin concentration in adolescents, controlling for several potential covariates.Methods:This is a cross-sectional study in Portuguese adolescents. A sample of 529 (267 girls) aged 12–18 years were included and categorized as overweight and nonoverweight. Cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed by 20 meters shuttle run test. We measured serum adiponectin, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, fasting glucose, insulin and HDL-cholesterol.Results:After adjustment for age, sex, pubertal stage, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, socioeconomic status, body fat percentage, insulin resistance, HDL-cholesterol and C-reactive protein, regression analysis showed a significant inverse association between adiponectin and cardiorespiratory fitness in nonoverweight participants (B=-0.359; p < .042). Analysis of covariance showed a significant difference between the highest cardiorespiratory fitness Healthy zone (above healthy zone) and the Under and the Healthy cardiorespiratory fitness zones in nonoverweight adolescents (p = .03) (F (2, 339) = 3.156, p < .001).Conclusion:Paradoxically, serum adiponectin levels are inversely associated with cardiorespiratory fitness in nonoverweight, but not in overweight adolescents. In nonoverweight adolescents, those with highest levels of cardiorespiratory fitness (above healthy zone) presented lower levels of adiponectin compared with those in Under and Healthy cardiorespiratory fitness zones.
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Rogozin, M. "Geoactive Zones and the Structure of Plant Communities in Connection With New Discoveries in Space Geology". Bulletin of Science and Practice 7, n.º 1 (15 de janeiro de 2021): 33–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/62/03.
Resumo:
The purpose of the work is to find out how plants react to such zones and whether their phytoindication is possible. Two territories of the Perm territory were studied: the Vishersky Nature Reserve and forests near Perm. The research methodology included lineament and geostructurometric analysis of space images and special maps using ring structures discovered on the Earth’s surface by Yu. I. Fivenskii, as well as phyto- and bioindication of small geoactive zones. It was found that in the forests near Perm favorable zones of such zones occupy 1.44% of the territory and within their limits the safety of common pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) is 29–42 times higher. Phytoindication of small geoactive zones of 1.0 and 3.0 m by common pine was shown in the zones of influence of these zones: 0–18 cm — the radius of inhibition with the absence of trees; 19–29 cm — the depression zone with small trees; 30–48 cm — the comfort zone with medium and large trees. Two types of networks formed by zones of 1.0 and 8.0 m in size near Perm (on the plain) and in the reserve (in the mountains) were compared. In the mountains, with high geodynamic activity of territories, the networks are oriented in one direction, while on the plain their orientation is misaligned by 30°. In the reserve, large trees of Siberian spruce (Picea obovata Ledeb.) were located on small geoactive zones of 1.0 and 8.0 m, and trees of Siberian pine (Pinus sibirica Du Tour) — on zones 1.0 and 3.0 m in combination with zones 16, 32 and 55 m. In the subgolets zone, ring structures of perennial plants were also found on the first two types of zones. In addition, along the edges of the swamps, chains of trees were found whose direction coincides with ring faults, and the chains themselves are similar to the structure of small geoactive zones networks, and this fractality requires field verification. The hypothesis recharge of plants within geoactive zones is proposed, which also explains the successful growth of trees on rocks, where the amount of available soil is minimal.