Teses / dissertações sobre o tema "Artériopathie oblitérante des membres inférieurs"
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Guedj, Pierre-Charles. "L' artériopathie oblitérante des membres inférieurs : son épidémilogie". Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987CLF13053.
Texto completo da fonteSepeteanu, Desormais Ileana. "Artériopathie oblitérante des membres inférieurs en Afrique Centrale : Epidémiologie, facteurs de risque, marqueur pronostique". Thesis, Limoges, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIMO0070/document.
Texto completo da fonteWith the aging of the global population, the prevalence of non-communicable, including cardiovascular, diseases is increasing. While epidemiological studies on peripheral artery disease (PAD) have been mainly conducted in high-income countries, a few have been carried out in low-and middle-income countries, including in Africa. EPIDEMCA (Epidemiology of Dementia in Central Africa) is a cross-sectional population-based study in rural and urban areas of two countries of Central Africa: Central African Republic (CAR) and the Republic of Congo (ROC). Overall, its aim was to investigate the health status in aging population in Central Africa, with a special focus on cognitive disorders, PAD (Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI) ≤0.90). and cardiovascular risk factors as well as their inter-relationship. The EPIDEMCA program was carried out, among people aged 65 years and over, between 2011 and 2012. Among 2002 subjects who agreed to participate, reliable demographic and vascular data were available in 1871 subjects.Overall, the prevalence of PAD was 14.8% reachting 22.2% after the age of 80. The prevalence was higher in ROC than in CAR (17.4% vs. 12.2%, p=0.0071) and in females than males (16.6% vs. 11.9%, p=0.0122). Higher rates of PAD were found in urban area in ROC (20.7% vs. 14.4% in rural area, p=0.0114), not in CAR (11.5% vs. 12.9%, p=ns). In the multivariate analysis, PAD significantly associated factors were described: age (OR: 1.03; p=0.0039), dyslipidemia (OR: 1.88; p=0.0034), smoking (OR: 1.78; p=0.0026), and more specifically undernutrition (OR: 2.09, p=0.0009). Undernutrition was still significantly associated with PAD after adjustment to all potential confounding factors in males as well as in females (OR: 2.82, p= 0.0038 respectively OR: 1.75, p= 0.0492). As epidemiological research on the implication of atherosclerosis in the development of cognitive impairment in general population is lacking in Africa, we focused on the role of ABI as an available marker of atherosclerosis, providing independent and incremental information on subjects’ susceptibility to present cognitive disorders.The prevalence of cognitive impairment among the study participants was 13.6%, higher in subjects with ABI≤0.9 and ABI≥1.4 than those with 0.9
Brisot, Dominique. "Artériopathie oblitérante des membres inférieurs : influence de l'étendue des lésions sur la morbidité et la mortalité d'origine cardiovasculaires". Montpellier 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993MON11185.
Texto completo da fonteMahé, Guillaume. "Physiopathologie et évaluation de la capacité de marche au cours de l'artériopathie oblitérante des membres inférieurs". Phd thesis, Université d'Angers, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00681765.
Texto completo da fonteLabrunée, Marc. "Modulation du système nerveux autonome par les techniques non pharmacologiques : application dans l'insuffisance cardiaque chronique systolique et l'artériopathie oblitérante des membres inférieurs". Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU30288/document.
Texto completo da fonteThe management of cardiovascular disease is to fight against abnormal heart autonomic nervous system (ANS) by restoring sympatho-vagal balance with the help of pharmacological or non-pharmacological means. We have shown that intermittent exercise (IE) in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) allowed to increase the vagal tone. The IE was more effective than continuous exercise for reducing arrhythmias. In a second work we have shown that electrical muscle stimulation of the lower limbs in CHF reduced sympathetic tone related to stimulation of afferents. In peripheral arterial disease (PAD) finally, we showed that the sensitive electrostimulation of lower limbs improved the walking distance via potentially sympatho-inhibitor mechanisms
Chastaingt, Lucie. "Épidémiologie descriptive & facteurs pronostiques de l’artériopathie oblitérante des membres inférieurs dans les populations négligées". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Limoges, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024LIMO0117.
Texto completo da fontePeripheral Artery Disease (PAD) is a cardiovascular condition with increasing morbidity and mortality rates. Despite this, it remains a neglected condition among cardiovascular diseases, as it does not consistently receive optimal medical treatment. Even within PAD, certain populations are overlooked in epidemiological research, although they appear to be increasingly affected by PAD. The general objective of this thesis is thus to study the epidemiology of PAD and its progression within specific neglected populations (women, a rural sub-Saharan African population, and the very elderly). We also aim to assess whether influenza vaccination is as overlooked among PAD patients as their overall medical management. Our work consisted of four complementary studies. Factors associated with PAD, its management, and their temporal evolution were examined in women and elderly subjects using data from a French cohort. Women are significantly more affected by critical limb ischemia than men, yet are less likely to receive revascularization procedures or optimal medical treatment. Very elderly subjects are increasingly presenting with critical ischemia, with a rise in revascularization interventions, though optimal medical treatment remains insufficiently followed over time. Influenza vaccination coverage remains limited among PAD patients, highlighting the need to increase patient awareness about the importance of this vaccination. Finally, the Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI) appears associated with cardiovascular events and 5-year mortality in the general population
Serhal, Nada. "Analyse du potentiel pro-angiogénique de vésicules extracellulaires libérées par des cellules souches mésenchymateuses, en vue de leur utilisation dans le traitement de l'artériopathie oblitérante des membres inférieurs". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Reims, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024REIMS007.
Texto completo da fonteMesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) show promising angiogenic potential for the treatment of ischemic arterial diseases, particularly in peripheral arterial disease. The small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) produced by these cells may have comparable potential. Indeed, sEVs act as cargo, transporting biological materials to transfer to host cells in the sites of ischemia. This study focuses on the characterization of undifferentiated MSCs and endothelial-like MSCs cultured under hypoxic conditions (MSC-ELH) and their sEVs. MSC-ELH are characterized by the overexpression of key endothelial mRNAs; they can produce large amount of sEVs, pro-angiogenic and mitogenic factors, and a small quantity of IL-6, a cytokine that is deleterious in the context of tissue ischemia. MSC-ELH-derived sEVs are endowed with high pro-angiogenic potential as they contain the mRNAs coding for VEGF-A, FGF2, EGF and corresponding proteins. sEVs can internalize in endothelial cells and skeletal muscle cells. MSCs-EVs can deliver their content to target cells and stimulate their proliferation and pseudo-tube formation, in an in vitro assay. This work highlights the beneficial impact of hypoxia and endothelial differentiation on MSC-ELH. Derived sEVs, may be used as therapeutic vectors for the treatment of ischemic arterial disease, as an innovative "cell-free" therapy
Gernigon, Marie. "Nouvelles approches méthodologiques et physiopathologiques des intolérances à la marche". Thesis, Angers, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ANGE0015/document.
Texto completo da fontePeripheral Arterial Diseased (PAD) is a major concern regarding their clinical care since a revascularization intervention is indicated below the cut-off point of 300 m. In clinical routine, MWD is usually assessed with clinical questionnaires, a highly subjective method, and with walking treadmill tests that are design-dependent and that hardly reproduce the usual pain of the patients during the walk. Therefore, the aim of this doctoral work is to test the validity of innovative methodologies based on GPS and Transcutaneous Pressure in Oxygen (TcPO2) during a treadmill test with respect to the assessment of the functional limitation in PAD patients. The first study shows that scores of the Estimation of Ambulatory Capacity by History-Questionnaire and MWD that is declared by the patients are more related to the GPS-measured MWD (that reflects the spontaneous walking pattern) than to the scores of the Walking Impairment Questionnaire, the 6-min walking test, and the walking treadmill test. The second study evidences the relevance of the use of TcPO2 during a walking treadmill test in detecting ischemia during exercise among patients with normal Ankle to brachial Index. The third and fourth studies show the reliability of the GPS as well as its applicability to the evolvement of the walking parameters following revascularization. Finally, the fifth study suggests that the GPS-accelerometer coupling is able to estimate the energy expenditure of PAD patients. To conclude, actimetry (e.g., GPS, accelerometer) and exercise TcPO2 are valid and reliable methods to evaluate the walk of PAD patients
Leroux, Lionel. "Nouvelles stratégies de thérapie cellulaire à visée pro-angiogénique : implication du système Wnt/Frizzled". Thesis, Bordeaux 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR21763/document.
Texto completo da fonteSome of the challenges facing stem-cell therapy for cardiac disease are which type of stem cell or progenitor cell is the best candidate for therapy, how to survive in the low oxygen environment of ischemic myocardium. Here we studied the potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as vascular progenitor cells in vitro and in vivo, and we studied the effects of sFRP-1/Wnt signaling modulation or hypoxia on MSC properties. First, we demonstrated the beneficial effect of MSC application on ischemic heart repair using an original surgical model (patch) to deliver stem cells. This study showed that the contribution of the MSCs in the mouse infarcted myocardium was beneficial either on the scar (increase in angiogenesis, in cell proliferation, reduction in ventricular remodeling) or on the trophicity of the patch.Then we characterized the angiogenic properties of MSC in vitro and in vivo. Our data demonstrate that MSCs could be recruited and formed vascular structures around endothelial tubes. We showed in vivo that the surexpression of sFRP-1 (regulating factor of the Wnt system) in MSCs increased their potential of pericyte-like cells correlated with an increased maturation of the vessels via an intracellular GSK-3 dependent pathway in MSCs. Our next objective was to investigate the effects of hypoxia exposure on MSC before implantation for vascular and tissue regeneration in mice with hind limb ischemia. Our data suggest that hypoxic preconditioning has a critical role on MSC dynamic functions, shifting MSC location in situ to enhance ischemic tissue recovery, facilitating vascular cell mobilization and skeletal myoblast regeneration via a paracrine Wnt dependent mechanism
Becker, François. "Classification clinique et hémodynamique des artériopathies chroniques oblitérantes des membres inférieurs : intérêt de l'exploration fonctionnelle de la microcirculation". Dijon, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989DIJOMU01.
Texto completo da fonteSapharikas, Elène. "Stratégies de thérapie pro-angiogénique de l’artériopathie oblitérante des membres inférieurs". Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA05S004.
Texto completo da fonteVascular diseases such as Peripheral Arterial Disease may evolve towards critical limb ischemia, requiring revascularization or amputation. New strategies of cell therapy based on the injection of progenitor cells able to induce therapeutic angiogenesis have been recently developed. However the low level of incorporation of transplanted cells in the ischemic tissue limits the development of these new approaches. In this context, my thesis was to study two different therapeutic approaches that can improve the pro-angiogenic therapies. The first focuses on fucoidan, a marine sulphated polysaccharide with antithrombotic properties. We have previously shown promising angiogenic properties of fucoidan in vivo. We found that fucoidan increases monocyte recruitment and improves their adhesion to activated endothelium under dynamic condition. It also increases in vitro transmigration. This action is mediated by the activation of ERK and p38 signaling pathways and metalloproteinase 9 secretion. Further, fucoidan can lead macrophage polarization to the pro-angiogenic type in vitro. It increases macrophage recruitment in ischemic muscle that could reduce post-ischemic inflammatory phase and necrosis leading to healing process. The second study focuses on the role of neuropilin (NRP), co-receptors of VEGF (pro-angiogenic growth factor). The aim of this part was to understand their involvement in the pro-angiogenic properties of ECFC at molecular level and optimize the efficiency of cell therapy. Using siRNA, we found a compensation mechanism never studied before. The NRP1 inhibition leads to an increase in the NRP2 expression and a decrease of ECFC proliferation and migration. The NRP2 silencing has no impact on NRP1, but induces ECFC adhesion to the extracellular matrix correlated with an increased level of ERK1 / 2 phosphorylation
Lavabre, Marie-Agnès. "L'amputation des membres inférieurs pour artériopathie : traitement informatique à propos de 722 cas". Montpellier 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MON11066.
Texto completo da fonteMarlinge, Marion. "Profil du récepteur de l’adénosine A2A dans les pathologies cardio-vasculaires". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0670.
Texto completo da fonteAtherosclerosis is responsible for the decrease in the diameter of the vessels by formation of a "plaque" consisting in particular of lipids limiting the blood circulation (ischemia) and tissue oxygenation. Adenosine is able to regulate cardiovascular function, particularly through its A2A receptor, which induces vasodilation to increase blood intake. A low presence of A2AR seems to mark ischemia (without specificity of territory) while the presence of reserve receptors (maximum biological response despite a small number of occupied sites) sign a severe disturbance in the blood flow coronary (inducible ischemia). These analyzes can be done on a classic blood sample. Blood adenosine could predict the risk of death from cardiogenic shock complicating the initial disease, where peripheral organs are hypoperfused (cardiac pump dysfunction) that the body attempts to compensate for by vasoconstriction (less A2AR). This work suggests the possibility of using the adenosinergic system both at the level of diagnosis (absence of biological marker of ischemia and coronary artery disease reliable to date), prognosis, than at the therapeutic level
Agesilas, Sophie. "Dépistage de l'artériopathie oblitérante des membres inférieurs : validation d'une nouvelle méthode de mesure de l'index de pression systolique". Bordeaux 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR2M163.
Texto completo da fonteMarquaire, Catherine. "Evaluation économique du médicament et entreprise pharmaceutique : un exemple d'application du traitement de l'artérite oblitérante des membres inférieurs". Paris 5, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA05P080.
Texto completo da fonteAboyans, Victor. "Analyse et développement de critères non-invasifs dans le diagnostic épidémiologique de l'artériopathie des membres inférieurs". Toulouse 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU30243.
Texto completo da fonteLe, Faucheur Alexis. "Hémodynamique Artérielle Périphérique :Evaluation diagnostique et fonctionnelle à l'effort dans deux modèles d'artériopathie des membres inférieurs". Phd thesis, Université d'Angers, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00346960.
Texto completo da fonteTeyssières, Salle Laurence. "Artériopathie des membres inférieurs chez le patient vivant avec un diabète de type 2 : marqueurs du risque et impact des thérapeutiques". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Limoges, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024LIMO0031.
Texto completo da fonteDespite diagnostic and therapeutic advances in the management of cardiovascular disease, it remains the leading cause of mortality in people living with type 2 diabetes (T2D). While coronary artery disease is increasingly screened for and managed optimally, peripheral artery disease remains underdiagnosed and undertreated, despite diabetes predisposes to more atypical, earlier, and severe forms. In individuals with T2D, the measurement of the ankle-brachial index (ABI), a validated screening tool, may be biased due to the presence of medial arterial calcification (MAC). In a population of 1119 asymptomatic patients with T2D, we demonstrated that the presence of ultrasound-detected MAC was independently associated with the occurrence of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events (MACE) and Major Adverse Lower limb Events (MALE), regardless of the ABI. In the entire cohort, MAC appears as a better risk predictor than high ABI, often considered as a proxy for MAC. Beyond screening and risk estimation, we investigated the impact of different therapies on the peripheral arterial risk of patients living with T2D. The introduction of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, with proven cardio-renal protective effects, re-launched the debate on the link between diuretics and peripheral arterial risk. Our group's meta-analysis highlighted the need to expand literature. Among the 5 included studies, we showed a significant increase in the risk of amputation associated with diuretic use (OR=1.73, p<0.001). Subsequently, we conducted a retrospective observational study involving 1309 patients with T2D. In multivariable analysis, diuretics were significantly associated with the occurrence of MALE after adjustment for propensity score (aHR=1.66; 1.08-2.56, p=0.020) and inverse probability of treatment weighting analysis (aHR=1.76; 1.67-1.84, p<0.001). We identified at-risk profiles with diuretics treatment. In subgroup analysis, the risk of MALE with diuretics was significantly increased with abnormal ABI (<0.90 or 1.40) (aHR=2.29, interaction p=0.02). Loop or thiazide diuretics were associated with an increased risk, but not potassium-sparing diuretics. The third part of the work focused on the XATOA registry in patients with diabetes. The COMPASS trial demonstrated the benefit of double antithrombotic therapy (aspirin and rivaroxaban 2.5mg twice daily) on MACE and MALE in patients with stable cardiovascular disease. The results of this randomized controlled trial were confirmed by real-life data from the XATOA registry. The decisions that drive to double antithrombotic therapy prescription werecomparable between diabetic and non diabetic patients. The benefit on MACE and MALE was similar to that observed in the COMPASS trial.Our work highlights the need to assess peripheral arterial risk in people with T2D, use appropriate assessment tools and define therapies suited to the level of risk
Al, Rifai Rida. "ASPIC - Analyse du site d’implantation de produit de thérapie cellulaire dans un modèle d’ischémie critique des membres inférieurs". Thesis, Reims, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REIMM206/document.
Texto completo da fontePeripheral artery disease (PAD) is an atherosclerotic obstructive disease affecting lower limbs arteries. It affects nearly 20% of over 70s. Critical limb ischemia (CLI) is the ultimate stage and requires revascularization. Cell therapy (CT) has been proposed for patients with CLI. Clinical trials were encouraging but failed to establish efficacy. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) may be a better option as they combine angiogenic and immunomodulatory properties. MSCs can be obtained from BMCs of CLI-patients. The aim of this study was first to evaluate, in a murine hindlimb ischemia model, the efficacy of two types of MSCs: undifferentiated mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and “endothelial like” MSCs (MELs) in comparison with currently used BMCs. Secondly, the objective was to perform a non-invasive analysis of ischemic limb using Raman Spectroscopy. MELs and MSCs induced complete perfusion restoration whereas BMCs did not. The complete flow recovery was significantly earlier with MELs in comparison with MSCs. Both MSCs and MELs improved functionality more efficiently than BMCs. Interestingly, complete limb salvage was observed in the MELs treated group exclusively. In muscles, MELs induced the highest rate of neoangiogenesis and the best muscle repair as shown by the presence of regenerated myofibers. Spectral acquisitions revealed that Raman spectroscopy can discriminate ischemic limb from healthy limb and can grade ischemia over time.Our study brings evidence that MELs obtained from CLI-patients can restore blood flow and provide muscle repair. Moreover Raman spectroscopy could be used clinically to assess ischemia in CLI-patients
Mougin, Justine. "Mise au point et optimisation d'un modèle lagomorphe hypercholestérolémique de resténose intra-stent et application pour le développement d'un stent obtenu par électrofilage". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ULILS019.
Texto completo da fonteObjective: This study aimed to evaluate the use of a double injured atherosclerotic iliac rabbit model for myointimal hyperplasia evaluation. Secondarily, this animal model was use for pre clincial evaluation of a new anti-in stent restenosis simvastatin electrospun covered stent. Methods: Twenty four New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits were included in this study. In order to enhance and accelerate atherogenesis, atherogenic diet (0.3% cholesterol and 4.9% coconut oil) and mechanical endothelial injury of iliac artery were used. Twelve rabbits (24 iliac arteries) were used to evaluate the benefit of intimal balloon injury compared to the diet alone on myointimal hyperplasia. On day 7, rabbits beneficiated balloon iliac injury on the left side only. Eight weeks they were scarified and iliac arteries were harvested to histologic examination and comparaison. Twelve rabbits were included in the second evaluation to compare anti instent restenosis effect of a new drug eluting chrome-cobalt stent (DES) coated with polycyclodextrin-chitosan-simvastatin polymer after electrospinning technique. Balloon injury were performed on both iliacs on day 7, then stenting of BMS on right iliac and DES on left iliac and animals were sacrified 4 weeks later after angiography for histologic examination. Results: Balloon iliac injuries (BI) revealed a significant higher Schwartz injury score (0.599±0.368 control vs 1.150±0.306 BI, p=0.013), percentage of stenosis (25.7±19.1 control vs 49.9±21.9 BI, p=0.012) and ratio collagen (0.252 ± 0.017 control vs 0.365 ± 0.011 BI, p=0.0001) than atherosclerotic diet only. Five rabbits died before the end of the protocol. After appaired comparison of BMS and DES, results were significantly better for BMS and pre-euthanasia angiography revealed that 3/7 DES were thrombosed versus 0/7 for BMS. Conclusions : Association of atherogenic diet and balloon injuries allow to obtain important neointimal hyperplasia and wall remodeling in rabbit iliac arteries that confirm its interest as in stent restenosis model for new DES
Le, Breton Carole. "Impact de l'administration d'un programme de formation portant sur la mesure de l'indice tibio brachial pour le dépistage de l'artériopathie oblitérante des membres inférieurs sur les connaissances des infirmières de première ligne et sur l'intention de l'intégrer à la pratique". Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2010. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/1511/1/030165723.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteMüllenheim, Rosenbourg Pierre-Yves de. "Évaluation et compréhension des limitations fonctionnelles dans l'artériopathie oblitérante des membres inférieurs : validation du géo-positionnement par satellites pour l’étude de la dépense énergétique lors de la marche en extérieur & étude de l’effet de la durée de récupération sur la capacité de marche". Thesis, Rennes 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016REN20053/document.
Texto completo da fonteLower-extremity peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a non-communicable disease that is associated with atherosclerosis and that leads, in most patients, to ischemia (mismatch between blood demand and blood supply) during exercise. Exercise-induced ischemia may lead to the occurrence of pain in the lower extremities during walking, thus limitingwalking capacity. Assessing walking capacity is an important step in the management of PAD patients. Thanks to the development of activity monitors such as global positioning system (GPS), it is possible to assess walking capacity under real-life conditions with measurements performed in outdoor settings. These GPS measurements have highlighted thefact that walking capacity seems variable and is likely to be influenced by the recovery duration between two symptoms-limited walks. However, this remains to be demonstrated in standardized conditions. Moreover, methodological advances are needed to standardize and express more adequately GPS data in order to better interpret walking capacity measurements. Therefore, the aim of the present thesis was two-fold: i) to validate a method for estimating walking energy expenditure (EE) in healthy subjects in outdoor setting, and that could be used in the future in PAD patients in order to compare walking capacity results obtained in outdoor setting; ii) to determine to which extent the duration of the recovery period that follows a first symptom-limited walk influences walking capacity measured during the subsequent walk in PADpatients. Our results show that GPS allows accurate estimations of walking EE in healthy subjects in outdoor setting and with various conditions of speed and grade. Moreover, our results clearly show that recovery duration influences walking capacity in PAD patients. The logarithmic shape of the relationship supports further analyses to determine a minimum recovery duration that could maximize patients walking capacity. This could have interesting implications for the development of new exercise walking programs in PAD and/or to help patients to better manage their pain during daily life
Chaudru, Ségolène. "Approche diagnostique et fonctionnelle dans l'artériopathie oblitérante des membres inférieurs : étude de l'apprentissage et de l'enseignement de l'index de pression systolique de repos chez des étudiants en médecine, et développement d'une méthode ambulatoire de quantification de la douleur ischémique à la marche par couplage de moniteurs portables". Thesis, Rennes 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REN1B035/document.
Texto completo da fonteLower-extremity Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) is a severe non-communicable disease that is associated with atherosclerosis. Diagnosed by Ankle- Brachial Index (ABI), PAD leads, in most patients, to ischemia (mismatch between blood demand and blood supply) during exercise that may lead to the occurrence of pain in the lower extremities during walking. The first axis of the present thesis was to assess the level of knowledge on this diagnostic tool among French medical students. Our results suggest that the way of teaching or learning the ABI procedure is deficient. According to these results we conducted another study to determine the best teaching method to improve students’ ABI proficiency. The second axis of the present thesis was to proposed a new method using wearable monitors (accelerometer and Micro Motion logger watch) to objectively identify and quantify lower limb walking pain manifestation as well as stop induced by walking pain during daily life in PAD patients. Our results can provide researchers and clinicians with a more realistic and holistic view of the functional limitations of PAD patients in free-living conditions
D'Audigier, Clément. "Modulation du potentiel angiogène des progéniteurs endothéliaux humains par des biomarqueurs plasmatiques vasculaires". Phd thesis, Université René Descartes - Paris V, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00911669.
Texto completo da fonted'Audigier, Clément. "Modulation du potentiel angiogène des progéniteurs endothéliaux humains par des biomarqueurs plasmatiques vasculaires". Thesis, Paris 5, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA05P614/document.
Texto completo da fonteRationale: The pro-angiogenic capacities of endothelial progenitor cells are now well established, and their involvement in neovascularization events in adults has stimulated the research in the field of angiogenic therapy based on transplant of these cells. Current data converge towards the notion of two cell types with endothelial phenotype, defined at least by their kinetics of appearance in culture: early endothelial progenitor cells (CFU-EC or CAC) and late (ECFC). Our team has shown that the therapeutic injection of bone marrow mononuclear cells (BM-MNC) led to neovascularization of the ischemic site in patients with critical limb ischemia, and that the new vessels formed bore the phenotype of ECFC. We initially measured the concentrations of different proteins modulating angiogenesis in patients with ischemic and cardiovascular diseases, or involving vascular abnormalities associated with fibrosis. Thus, the transforming growth factor - ß1 (TGF-ß1) in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, the thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) in peripheral artery disease, and the placental growth factor (PlGF) in patients with cardiovascular diseases [acute coronary syndrome (ACS), patients undergoing valve surgery or coronary artery bypass surgery], emerged as potential plasmatic biomarkers in these pathological settings, and have been studied in the biology of human ECFC.Results: TGF-ß1 plasma level is increased in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) compared to the control population; it exerts a pro-angiogenic effect in vivo (vascularization of Matrigel ®-plugs) and in vitro (proliferation and migration of ECFC) via ALK-1, ALK-5 and TGF-ßRII receptors. TSP-1 plasma level is increased in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) compared to the control population. In addition, the new vessels formed in PAD patients treated by local injection of BM-MNC express TSP-1. In murine models of Matrigel ®-plugs and hindlimb ischemia, TSP-1 induces a decrease in plugs vascularization and impaired revascularization of ischemic limb. In vitro, TSP-1 increases ECFC adhesion via an N-terminal dependent mechanism and reduces their angiogenic potential (proliferation and migration) via its binding to CD47 receptor, which activates the SDF-1/CXCR4 signaling pathway. PlGF plasma level is increased in ACS patients compared with the control population and stable angina patients and is also increased in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. PlGF-1 and -2 potentiate ECFC tubulogenesis in vitro via phosphorylation of the VEGFR1 receptor. This effect was abolished when the ECFC VEGFR1 is inhibited by RNA interference or by the chemical compound "4321". In addition this compound "4321" inhibits the vascularization of Matrigel ®-plugs, and revascularization of the ischemic limb in the hindlimb ischemia model.Conclusions: TGF-ß1 is involved in the IPF vascular remodeling through ECFC; TSP-1 is a potential biomarker of angiogenesis induced by ECFC in PAD; the inhibition of the PlGF/VEGFR1 pathway modulates ECFC tubulogenesis, cells involved in the formation of new vessels. We thus identified three proteins that modulate angiogenesis in three different pathological settings characterized by a vascular remodeling and where ECFC are involved in their pathophysiology. These three proteins therefore state as potential plasmatic biomarkers, modulating ECFC angiogenic properties and are able to influence their efficacy as a cell therapy product. These plasmatic biomarkers likely play a role in the homeostasis of those pathologies progress
Guérin, Coralie. "Biomarqueurs cellulaires circulants de la dysfonction endothéliale : détection et potentiel vasculaire". Thesis, Paris 5, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA05P608.
Texto completo da fonteIn endothelial dysfunction, circulating endothelial compartment simultaneously plays the role of actor involved in the regeneration of injured tissue and reflects endothelium state. In peripheral arterial disease (PAD), one of the research areas is the development of a cellular therapy product capable of inducing the formation of neo-Vessels. Faced with the difficulty to obtain and amplify endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) in adults, one of the assumptions lets consider the use of other cell types with vasculogenic properties. In patients with cardiovascular disease, and PAD in particular, bone marrow mononuclear cells and EPC show reduced angiogenic properties. We have demonstrated the ability of isolated mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from PAD patients to induce reperfusion by recruitment of endothelial cells in situ, with the same efficiency as that of healthy donors MSCs. MSCs do not differentiate into endothelial cells but act by paracrine. The second hypothesis of obtaining an autologous angiogenic cell therapy product is to sort cells more immature than the CPE and to differentiate them secondarily into endothelial lineage as the pathological cell model of hemangioma stem cells CD133 + which lets consider the Very Small Embryonic like stem cells (VSEL), CD133 + multipotent stem cells as a potential candidate of postnatal vascular cell. We have derived and cultured in angiogenic conditions VSEL that acquired a mesenchymal phenotype but exhibited a secretory profile similar to that of EPC. VSEL promote post-Ischemic revascularization and acquire an endothelial phenotype in vitro and in vivo suggesting that VSEL may be responsible for the endothelial lineage. VSEL also appear as a biomarker of endothelial dysfunction mobilized from bone marrow (BM) to peripheral blood (PB) in patients with PAD. Cellular circulating biomarkers are not only non-Invasive markers of endothelium but can also provide useful information for the diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic monitoring of patients with endothelial dysfunction associated pathologies. Changing the number of EPC and circulating endothelial cells (CEC) in the circulation has been reported in different pathological situations respectively associated with endothelial regeneration and alteration such as the increase of CEC in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). The reference technique for the enumeration of CEC in peripheral blood is magnetic immunoseparation (IMS). This non-Automated and time-Consuming method, based on the enumeration by fluorescence microscopy of CD146 + cells isolated. Although reproducible, this count is subject to many through quantification, difficult to implement and subject to interpretation. The development of an acoustic focusing cytometry (AFC) method for automated detection of CEC has proved reliable and robust results, in a cohort of patients with PAH treated or not, constituting a relevant alternative analysis to microscopy. All of this work opens new perspectives in the detection of cellular circulating biomarkers involved in endothelial dysfunction, suggesting VSEL as new vasculogenic actor