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Artigos de revistas sobre o tema "Bicycles"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 4 de junho de 2021

Última modificação: 29 de julho de 2024

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1

Paudel, Milan, and Fook Fah Yap. "Development of an improved design methodology and front steering design guideline for small-wheel bicycles for better stability and performance." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part P: Journal of Sports Engineering and Technology 234, no. 3 (August 5, 2020): 227–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1754337120919608.

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The maneuverability and compactness of small-wheel and folding bicycles are greatly appreciated. Nonetheless, the performance of these small-wheel bicycles as compared to the big-wheel bicycles has always been questioned. They are often blamed for being less stable, wobbly, or twitchy. It is still unclear how the performance of the small-wheel bicycle designs can be improved. Both small- and big-wheel bicycles are designed with similar ergonomics; therefore, the focus has been on the front steering design. The steering design parameters of 91 big-wheel and 27 small-wheel bicycles were compared

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2

Allen, D. Patrick, Nagui Rouphail, Joseph E. Hummer, and Joseph S. Milazzo. "Operational Analysis of Uninterrupted Bicycle Facilities." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1636, no. 1 (January 1998): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1636-05.

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The popularity of bicycles in North America is growing. As the popularity of bicycles has increased, so has the physical network of separate bicycle facilities and designated bicycle lanes in many locations. As a consequence of this growth, there is a demand for more information about bicycle operations on these facilities. Unfortunately, the state of knowledge regarding bicycle operations in the United States currently lags far behind that of motor vehicles and pedestrians. The international research that has been conducted to date regarding bicycle operations on uninterrupted facilities is t

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3

Kurkute, Dr Sanjay L. "Hydrogen-Powered Bicycle for Sustainable Mobility." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 12, no. 4 (April 30, 2024): 3316–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2024.60633.

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Abstract: In the pursuit of sustainable transportation solutions, the integration of hydrogen fuel cells presents at the bicycles. This paper explores the high-level design considerations for a hydrogen-powered bicycle, focusing on key components such as the fuel cell system, hydrogen storage, powertrain, and overall vehicle architecture. The fuel cell system is a critical component, converting hydrogen gas into electricity to power an electric motor. The hydrogen storage system must be lightweight, compact, and safe, utilizing advanced materials and technologies to store hydrogen at high pres

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Ivanišević, Tijana, Aleksandar Trifunović, Svetlana Čičević, Dalibor Pešić, Sreten Simović, Aleksandar Zunjic, Darina Duplakova, Jan Duplak, and Uros Manojlovic. "Analysis and Determination of the Lateral Distance Parameters of Vehicles When Overtaking an Electric Bicycle from the Point of View of Road Safety." Applied Sciences 13, no. 3 (January 27, 2023): 1621. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13031621.

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Recent years have witnessed an increasing number of electric bicycles on the roads and a rise in the number of road crashes involving e-bicyclists. There are various causes of road crashes involving e-bicyclists. Out of the total number of fatalities in traffic, bicyclists account for 9% in the Republic of Serbia. Road crashes occurring when motor vehicles overtake bicyclists make up 13% of the total number of road crashes involving bicyclists. Having in mind the above-mentioned, an experimental study has been conducted in order to analyze whether the use of helmets and reflective vests, diffe

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5

Jackson, Michael E., and Erik O. Ruehr. "Let the People Be Heard: San Diego County Bicycle Use and Attitude Survey." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1636, no. 1 (January 1998): 8–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1636-02.

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What is the best way to promote bicycle transportation? Are people afraid to ride bicycles because motorists will run them over? Are there enough bicycle facilities available? Is promoting bicycle transportation a wise use of tax dollars? What percentage of the population currently rides bicycles? The San Diego Association of Governments allocates approximately $2 million annually on bicycling projects throughout San Diego County, California. Both the county of San Diego and the city of San Diego employ full-time bicycle coordinators. Periodically, questions and comments will arise regarding b

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6

Xu, Liang, Meiqi Liu, Xiang Song, and Sheng Jin. "Analytical Model of Passing Events for One-Way Heterogeneous Bicycle Traffic Flows." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2672, no. 36 (July 31, 2018): 125–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198118788425.

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Heterogeneous bicycle traffic flows, consisting of electric bicycles (e-bicycles) and regular bicycles (r-bicycles), have become the main traffic form on shared bicycle routes in China due to the increasing number of e-bicycles. As a result, overtaking occurs frequently among bicycles, which affects cyclists’ safety and perception. This paper presents an analytical model to estimate the number of passing events in heterogeneous bicycle traffic flows. The relationships between passing events and the parameters of the heterogeneous bicycle traffic flow is established in the proposed model. The p

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7

Kayansa, I. Made Dennis Penn Yohan, and I. Nengah Wirakesuma. "Onthel Bicycle: Creation Model of Experimental Photography using Iwan Zahar Method." Journal of Aesthetics, Creativity and Art Management 2, no. 1 (May 11, 2023): 32–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.59997/jacam.v2i1.2320.

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In Indonesia, the development of bicycles was heavily influenced by the colonialists, especially the Dutch. They brought bicycles produced in their country to use around to enjoy the fresh nature of Indonesia. This habit was transmitted to the aborigines with blue blood. Finally, the bicycle became a prestigious means of transportation. Onthel bicycles were a means of transportation that were relatively expensive before the independence period. Onthel bicycles, also known as camel bicycles, kebo bicycles, or pit pancal, are standard bicycles with 28-inch tires that were commonly used by urban

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8

Guo, Xiaojia, Chengpeng Lu, Dongqi Sun, Yexin Gao, and Bing Xue. "Comparison of Usage and Influencing Factors between Governmental Public Bicycles and Dockless Bicycles in Linfen City, China." Sustainability 13, no. 12 (June 18, 2021): 6890. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13126890.

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Automobile traffic has shifted the use of bicycles in many developed regions to being mainly for sport, recreation and commuting. Due to the desire to mitigate the impacts of climate change and alleviate traffic jams, bicycle sharing is booming in China. Governmental public bicycles and dockless bicycles are the main types of bicycle sharing in China, each with different types of management and pricing. Field research has found that many bicycle sharing networks are idle and wasteful, and thus we investigated which type is more popular and suitable for Chinese cities. This research comparative

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9

Raksuntorn, Winai, and Sarosh I. Khan. "Saturation Flow Rate, Start-Up Lost Time, and Capacity for Bicycles at Signalized Intersections." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1852, no. 1 (January 2003): 105–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1852-14.

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A review of the literature shows that capacity and saturation flow rate for on-street bicycle lanes at intersections have not been measured on the basis of bicycle discharge at intersections at the start of the green phase. The Highway Capacity Manual 2000 recommends a saturation flow rate of 2,000 bicycles per hour for a bicycle lane at a signalized intersection. However, this recommendation is not based on field studies at the intersection and is not a function of the width of the bicycle lane. A revised estimate is provided of saturation flow rate, and an estimate is provided of start-up lo

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10

Yahya, Sudirman, and Nofiansyah. "Analysis of Conventional Bicycle Assembly Transformed into an Electric Bicycle Using a BLDC Electric Motor." International Journal of Research in Vocational Studies (IJRVOCAS) 3, no. 1 (April 24, 2023): 36–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.53893/ijrvocas.v3i1.185.

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Along with the increasing problem of oil price volatility, vehicles with alternative fuels are the right vehicles to use at this time. Electric bicycles are one of the vehicles that use alternative fuels. Electric bicycles use battery power as a power source. Electric bicycles consist of two main parts, namely bicycles and electrical components. Bicycles are made through a sequence of planning processes and then assembling bicycle components. Electrical components consisting of batteries, controllers, gas grips, and electric motors are assembled and connected to one bicycle.

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11

Simović, Sreten, Tijana Ivanišević, Aleksandar Trifunović, Svetlana Čičević, and Dragan Taranović. "What Affects the E-Bicycle Speed Perception in the Era of Eco-Sustainable Mobility: A Driving Simulator Study." Sustainability 13, no. 9 (May 7, 2021): 5252. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13095252.

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The increase in the number of electric bicycles worldwide has resulted in a rise in the number of traffic accidents involving e-bicyclists. Previous studies have been based on analyzing the use, advantages and disadvantages of e-bicycles, whereas only a small number of studies have been focused on analyzing the e-bicycle traffic safety, particularly the factors leading to the occurrence of traffic accidents. One of the factors affecting the occurrence of traffic accidents is the incorrect perception of the e-bicycle speed by other traffic participants. To examine the mentioned problem, the aut

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12

Wu, Muran. "Bicycle Sharing Demand Analysis and Operation Community Division based on Riding Spatial-Temporal Data -Taking Beijing as an Example." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 78 (December 26, 2023): 99–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/jp89jb30.

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Under the background of vigorously building sustainable cities, shared bicycles have developed rapidly, and some operation and management problems have gradually become prominent. In recent years, the research based on spatial-temporal big data of shared bicycles mostly focuses on the analysis of hotspots in time and space, and the current management of shared bicycle is mostly divided into operating communities by administrative divisions. The construction of bicycle operation management is not carried out in combination with the characteristics of spatial-temporal data and actual needs. Base

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13

Yao, Yi, Yifang Zhang, Lixin Tian, Nianxing Zhou, Zhilin Li, and Minggang Wang. "Analysis of Network Structure of Urban Bike-Sharing System: A Case Study Based on Real-Time Data of a Public Bicycle System." Sustainability 11, no. 19 (September 30, 2019): 5425. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11195425.

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To better understand the characteristics of a bike-sharing system, we applied complex network methods to analyze the relationship between stations within the bike-sharing system. Firstly, using Gephi software, we constructed the public bicycle networks of different urban areas based on the real-time data of the Nanjing public bicycle system. Secondly, we analyzed and compared degree, strength, radiation distance, and community structure of the networks to understand the internal relations of the public bicycle system. The results showed that there were many stations with low usage of public bi

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14

Allen, D. Patrick, Joseph E. Hummer, Nagui M. Rouphail, and Joseph S. Milazzo. "Effect of Bicycles on Capacity of Signalized Intersections." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1646, no. 1 (January 1998): 87–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1646-11.

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Although much is known about the operation of signalized intersections, little or no empirical research has been conducted regarding the effect of bicycles on signalized intersection capacity. The purpose of this study was to accurately quantify the effects of bicycles on signalized intersection capacity through the videotaping of several intersections that had significant bicycle traffic. Through the videotaping of intersections in Davis, California, and Gainesville, Florida, a relationship was determined between bicycle volumes and the percent of the green phase during which bicycle traffic

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15

Jain, Anuj Kumar, Feras Hakkak, Mudit Gupta, and Siddharth Jain. "Design and Fabrication of Bamboo Bicycle." International Journal of Advance Research and Innovation 5, no. 3 (2017): 80–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.51976/ijari.531714.

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Bicycles provide a convenient means for curbing the growing challenge of traffic congestion and pollution in cities. Steel bicycles are available in India in millions. However, as production of steel is a polluting process, replacing it with greener version has occupied the minds of researchers all over the world. In this respect, bamboo seems to be a viable substitute to steel in making of bicycle frames. Bamboo frame bicycles are lighter than steel frame bicycle, have aesthetic looks, are more environment-friendly, and can potentially be cheaper than steel frame bicycles. This paper reports

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16

Shengjin, Wang, and Wang Jichuan. "Service Quality Evaluation Method of City Shared Bicycles Based on SERVQUAL Model." E3S Web of Conferences 236 (2021): 03022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123603022.

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Bicycle sharing is an effective way to solve the problem of residents’ last mile travel. Based on the SERVQUAL model. Build a service quality evaluation index system and evaluation model for shared bicycles. Taking Harbin’s bicycle as an example, the quantitative evaluation of the service quality of shared bicycles was carried out, and the existing problems of the service quality of shared bicycles were identified and targeted improvement strategies were proposed. The research results can provide a scientific basis for improving the quality of city shared bicycle services.

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17

Zhao, Jialing, Hongwei Wang, Yuxin Huang, and Yuan Meng. "Does Massive Placement of Bicycles Win the Market for the Bicycle-Sharing Company in China?" Sustainability 12, no. 13 (June 30, 2020): 5279. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12135279.

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The rise of bicycle-sharing stimulated companies’ investment in a large number of bicycles in the market. However, it is important to balance the massive placement of bicycles in the market and the company’s sustainable development. This paper is motivated to identify a strategic balance between market expansion and the sustainable development of the company. Based on the information asymmetry and evolutionary game theory, a tripartite game model was established for the government, enterprise, and consumer. This study identified five evolutionary stability strategies (ESSs) of these three part

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18

Atmojo, Suryo, Ruli Utami, Suzana Dewi, Nurwahyudi Widhiyanta, and Nur Ali Sholikin. "PPM BENGKEL DAN TOKO SEPEDA DESTROYER BIKE KOTA SURABAYA." Prosiding Konferensi Nasional Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat dan Corporate Social Responsibility (PKM-CSR) 6 (December 5, 2023): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.37695/pkmcsr.v6i0.2064.

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Destroyer Bike Founded in 2020 by Mr. Ario Zanuar, a spare part sales service business and bicycle service workshop based on Jl. Medokan Semampir Indah, Surabaya City, East Java, Indonesia. Mr. Ario Zanuar started working in the bicycle repair business since the 2020 pandemic, with a focus on servicing folding bicycles, mountain bicycles, hybrid bicycles, call bicycles and fixie bicycles. In the first year, Destroyer Bike focused on on-site or in-store bicycle services only. However, over time, call services have gradually developed. The problem with this partner is the high competition in the

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19

Zeng, Pinhong. "Optimal Operation Solution for Public Bicycles Based on Genetic Algorithm." International Journal of Circuits, Systems and Signal Processing 15 (August 27, 2021): 1141–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.46300/9106.2021.15.124.

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Aiming at the various problems with the scheduling of urban public bicycles, this paper conducted a research on the shortest path between rental points and employed the Floyd algorithm to find the optimal route. Based on the conditions of limited number of bicycle transportation vehicles and in different time slots the bicycle rental points were required to restore to the original number of bicycles, a constraint scheduling model was established according to the bicycle supply-demand relationships of the rental points, and the Genetic Algorithm (GA) was used to solve the model to find the shor

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20

Guo, Hongwei, Wuhong Wang, Weiwei Guo, and Facheng Zhao. "Modeling Lane-Keeping Behavior of Bicyclists Using Survival Analysis Approach." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2013 (2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/197518.

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Bicyclists may cross the bicycle lane and occupy the adjacent motor lanes for some reason. The mixed traffic consisting of cars and bicycles shows very complicated dynamitic patterns and higher accident risk. To investigate the reason behind such phenomenon, the lifetime analysis method is adopted to examine the observed data for the behavior that bicycles cross the bicycle lane and occupy the adjacent motor lanes. The concepts named valid volume and probability of lane-keeping behavior are introduced to evaluate the influence of various external factors such as lane width and curb parking, an

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21

Khongouan, Waralak, and Satida Sakulrattanakulchai. "Guidelines to Promote Cycling on University Campus: Case Study of Kasetsart University, Mahidol University and Thammasat University." Journal of Architectural/Planning Research and Studies (JARS) 11, no. 1 (October 30, 2014): 59–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.56261/jars.v11i1.24158.

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The objectives of this research are to study means of transportation on university campuses and student opinions on bicycle use on university campuses. This research will also analyze difficulties and problems of cycling in order to offer practical guidelines to promote cycling on university campuses to meet student needs. The campuses where this research was performed are Kasetsart University (Bangkhen Campus), Mahidol University (Salaya Campus), and Thammasat University (Rangsit Center). In this research, data was gathered by surveying the areas, and using questionnaires to collect 600 under

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Jin, Haitao, Fengjun Jin, Jiao’e Wang, Wei Sun, and Libo Dong. "Competition and Cooperation between Shared Bicycles and Public Transit: A Case Study of Beijing." Sustainability 11, no. 5 (March 3, 2019): 1323. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11051323.

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As an eco-friendly transportation mode, shared bicycles provide a new option for public transit users in urban areas. China’s bicycle-sharing market began flourishing in July 2016 and reached a plateau in 2017. How shared bicycles influenced public transit systems during this period is an interesting topic. A case study of Beijing is conducted. This study aims to identify the competitive and cooperative influences of shared bicycles on public transit by exploring the changes in public transit trip distances before and after the upsurge in bicycle-sharing. A histogram shifting method is introdu

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Дижо, Ян, Мирослав Блатницкий, Вадим Васильевич Ищук, Денис Молнар, Себастьян Солчанский та Борис Плайдичко. "Конструктивные особенности современных горных велосипедов, часть 2." Technológ 15, № 1 (2023): 51–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.26552/tech.c.2023.1.8.

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Cycling and bicycles become still more and more popular. People transport themselves to the work, to the school, to shops and other by bicycles. Bicycles represent quite effective transport means regarding to production of gas emissions, noise emissions together with better possibilities to leave them near to wanted facilitates. However, bicycles are suitable for recreations. Currently, trips to nature are very popular. For safe cycling, it is appropriate to use a proper bicycle. There are terrain bicycles, which have the design customized for riding in the heavy-road conditions. This article

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Hahn, Hans Peter. "The Appropriation of Bicycles in West Africa." Transfers 2, no. 2 (June 1, 2012): 31–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/trans.2012.020204.

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Bicycles have a wide range of functions and roles in West Africa. They have vital functions for everyday necessities, but they also constitute prestige objects. The appreciation of bicycles in Africa started very early, almost simultaneously with their diffusion as consumer goods in Europe. However, the adoption of bicycles followed a specific pathway, which is explained in this article within the conceptual framework of appropriation. Cultural appropriation highlights the significant modifications of bicycles in Africa and the abandonment of some functions like braking. In spite of the techni

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Liu, Nien Te, and Chang Tzuoh Wu. "The Study on the Functional Element Representations for Bicycles with Creative Characteristics." Applied Mechanics and Materials 284-287 (January 2013): 3691–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.284-287.3691.

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The purpose of this paper is to propose representations for bicycles with creative characteristics. First of all, many creative bicycles are collected from references and websites. Then, these bicycles are analyzed and arranged one by one to find creative characteristics. Finally, the representations for creative bicycles are proposed. The construction elements of bicycles can be classified into 3 kinds: functional elements, shape elements, and material elements. For the functional elements, they are classified into 14 kinds, and controlling, moving, input elements are necessary for bicycles.

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Zheng, Fanying, Fu Gu, Wujie Zhang, and Jianfeng Guo. "Is Bicycle Sharing an Environmental Practice? Evidence from a Life Cycle Assessment Based on Behavioral Surveys." Sustainability 11, no. 6 (March 14, 2019): 1550. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11061550.

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As an icon of sharing economy and product service systems, bicycle sharing is gaining an increasing global popularity, yet there is little knowledge about the environmental performance of this emerging traveling mode. To seek the answer to the question, the paper employs a survey-based method and a life cycle assessment (LCA) approach. We first conduct a questionnaire-based survey to identify the changes in traveling modes after the introduction of shared bicycles. The survey results show that the use of shared bicycles is more popular among young and low-income populations, and shared bicycle

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Shi, Donghao. "Optimization of shared bike paths considering faulty vehicle recovery during dispatch." Journal of Intelligent Systems 31, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 1024–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jisys-2022-0132.

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Abstract With the rapid development of China’s social economy and the improvement of the level of urbanization, urban transportation has also been greatly developed. With the booming development of the internet and the sharing economy industry, shared bicycles have emerged as the times requirement. Shared bicycles are a new type of urban transportation without piles. As a green way of travel, shared bicycles have the advantages of convenience, fashion, green, and environmental protection. However, many problems have also arisen in the use of shared bicycles, such as man-made damage to the vehi

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de Wilde, Ari. "Introduction: The Quest to Control The Powerful Meanings of Bicycle Racing." Sport History Review 50, no. 2 (November 1, 2019): 133–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/shr.2019-0034.

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The bicycle has a unique status as a moniker of several things: a practical piece of transportation, a sporting tool, the imprimatur of modernity, and, relevant to this special issue, a symbol of gender and class equity. But the racing of bicycles by women has been oddly absent from the literature in sport history. Women have been part of the bicycle’s experience since the bicycle’s inception in the mid-nineteenth century. Yet until recently, one would be hard pressed to know of this lengthy tradition of women in cycling and, especially of, women’s racing. This special issue seeks to rectify t

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Keeling, Katherine L., Travis B. Glick, Miles Crumley, and Miguel A. Figliozzi. "Evaluation of Bus-Bicycle and Bus/Right-Turn Traffic Delays and Conflicts." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2673, no. 7 (June 6, 2019): 443–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198119849063.

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This research evaluates conflicts and delays caused by interactions among buses, bicycles, and right-turning vehicles at a mixed traffic corridor in Portland, OR. The study site has a near-side bus stop and a right curbside lane designated for buses and right-turning vehicles. Next to the bus/right-turn lane is a bicycle lane with a bicycle box ahead of the bus stop (i.e., between the intersection and the bus stop). This research examines two concerns caused by these overlapping bus, bicycle, and automobile facilities; the first is the number of bus-bicycle conflicts (as a proxy for safety) an

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Oktavia, Mirani. "Penentuan Rute Mobil Pengangkut Sepeda dalam Proses Rebalancing sebagai Vehicle Routing Problem." Faktor Exacta 11, no. 4 (December 31, 2018): 340. http://dx.doi.org/10.30998/faktorexacta.v11i4.2977.

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The use of bicycles facilitated by a college can be seen as one of the interesting phenomena because the campus is required to always ensure that the number of bicycles in each bicycle storage area (shelter) must return to normal when the beginning of the lecture starts every day. While the existence of the mobility process carried out by all stakeholders of the campus is very possible to occur the increation of bicycles in a shelter which also resulted in the reduction of bicycles in other shelters. Therefore, a method is needed to return the number of bicycles like the early morning accordin

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Zhao, Daozhi, and Di Wang. "The Research of Tripartite Collaborative Governance on Disorderly Parking of Shared Bicycles Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior and Motivation Theories—A Case of Beijing, China." Sustainability 11, no. 19 (September 30, 2019): 5431. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11195431.

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With the maturity of mobile payments and internet technology, a new type of travel mode, shared bicycles, was brought out by China’s urban transport under the impetus of “the last mile” travel demand. Although convenient travel has been achieved by using shared bicycles, the resulting problems such as disorderly parking and the deposition of bicycles could severely influence urban traffic order and impede the sustainable development of shared bicycles. Based on the quasi-public goods property of shared bicycles, this article established a management system for the tripartite collaborative gove

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Chondrogianni, Dimitra, Yorgos J. Stephanedes, and Panoraia Fatourou. "Assessing Cycling Accessibility in Urban Areas through the Implementation of a New Cycling Scheme." Sustainability 15, no. 19 (October 4, 2023): 14472. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su151914472.

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Cycling’s integration into the intricate facets of urban design, together with walking and public transportation, offers an effective solution to the mobility issues plaguing urban spaces, and is critical to the sustainability of modern cities. In this context, in this research urban cyclists’ needs and preferences are analyzed through questionnaires, and bicycle accessibility to urban areas is assessed using multicriteria analysis. The public’s familiarity with the integration of novel mobility solutions (e.g., e-bicycles) that support accessibility and inclusiveness is tested and analyzed by

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Li, Jingya, Zhiguo Zhang, Liming Chen, Mengjuan Li, Xingjie Zhang, and Guisheng Zhang. "Base-Promoted Intramolecular Addition of Vinyl Cyclopropanecarboxamides to Access Conformationally Restricted Aza[3.1.0]bicycles." Molecules 28, no. 9 (April 25, 2023): 3691. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28093691.

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3-Azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexanes are common structural components in natural products and bioactive compounds. Traditionally, the metal-mediated cyclopropanation domino reaction of chain enzymes is the most commonly used strategy for the construction of this type of aza[3.1.0]bicycle derivative. In this study, a base-promoted intramolecular addition of alkenes used to deliver conformationally restricted highly substituted aza[3.1.0]bicycles is reported. This reaction was tailor-made for saturated aza[3.1.0] bicycle-containing fused bicyclic compounds that may be applied in the development of concise

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Zhang, Yajie. "Investigation on the Status Quo of Shared Bicycles in Wenzhou and Analysis of Travel Characteristics." Academic Journal of Science and Technology 1, no. 3 (June 8, 2022): 60–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/ajst.v1i3.454.

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In recent years, shared bicycles have developed rapidly across the country as a convenient new mode of travel. It meets the needs of citizens for short-distance travel and has many advantages such as convenience, high flexibility, and low price. This paper takes the survey results of shared bicycle users in Lucheng District, Wenzhou City and the operation of 181 sites within 20 days as the analysis objects, using data analysis software and other tools to analyze the shape characteristics of shared bicycles, including the number of daily use of a single bicycle, running the busiest site and the

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Jackson, Kristy N., Sarah Worth O’Brien, Sarah E. Searcy, and Shannon E. Warchol. "Quality Assurance and Quality Control Processes for a Large-Scale Bicycle and Pedestrian Volume Data Program." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2644, no. 1 (January 2017): 19–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2644-03.

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Phase 1 of North Carolina’s Non-Motorized Volume Data Program (NMVDP) was conducted in the North Carolina Department of Transportation Divisions 7 and 9 in the Triad–Piedmont region of North Carolina. Continuous count stations (CCSs) were installed to monitor bicyclist and pedestrian traffic at 12 locations and began collecting data in late 2014. These stations covered a mix of sites across different land uses, travel patterns, and volume groups. Sites performed automated detection of pedestrians on sidewalks, bicycles and pedestrians on shared-use paths, bicycles in bicycle lanes, bicycles on

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Cao, Ma, Huang, Lü, and Chen. "Effects of Free-Floating Shared Bicycles on Urban Public Transportation." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 8, no. 8 (July 25, 2019): 323. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi8080323.

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As a product of the development of the Internet and the sharing economy, shared bicycles are beneficial in solving the last mile problem of public transportation for urban residents and expanding the service area of urban public transportation to a certain extent. This paper analyses the spatial-temporal characteristics of shared bicycles in the city of Beijing by using kernel density estimation and statistical analysis methods. The maximum coverage location problem model is used to quantify the effects of shared bicycles on the subway and bus urban public transportation systems. The analysis

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Journal, IJSREM. "DYNAMIC INTEGRATION OF BICYCLE DESIGN." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 08, no. 02 (February 3, 2024): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem28498.

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Bicycles have been an essential mode of transportation and a source of recreation for centuries. In recent years, the field of bicycle design has seen a paradigm shift with the introduction of dynamic integration. This innovative approach focuses on seamlessly combining various elements of design to enhance both performance and user experience, setting a new standard for the cycling industry. Cycling also offers a reduced consumption of fossil fuels, less air or noise pollution, and much reduced traffic congestion. These lead to less financial cost to the user as well as to society at large. I

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Guo, Ning, Rui Jiang, SC Wong, Qing-Yi Hao, Shu-Qi Xue, Yao Xiao, and Chao-Yun Wu. "Experimental study on mixed traffic flow of bicycles and pedestrians." Collective Dynamics 5 (August 12, 2020): A108. http://dx.doi.org/10.17815/cd.2020.108.

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The mixed flow of bicycles and pedestrians is frequently observed on bicycle-pedestrian-shared roads. Unfortunately, studies on dynamics of this kind of mixed flow are very limited. This paper reports an experimental study of this kind of mixed traffic flow with equal numbers of pedestrians and cyclists asked to walk/ride in a ring-shaped track. In the uni-/bi-directional flow scenarios, pedestrians and bicycles moved in the same/opposite direction. Under both scenarios, bicycles and pedestrians formed their own lanes. Pedestrians walked in the inner lane and cyclists rode in the outer lane. W

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Zhao, Ying, Haijun Li, Yan Huang, and Junyu Hang. "Numerical Analysis of an Autonomous Emergency Braking System for Rear-End Collisions of Electric Bicycles." Sensors 24, no. 1 (December 26, 2023): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24010137.

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The rapid growth in the number of electric bicycles (e-bicycles) has greatly improved daily commuting for residents, but it has also increased traffic collisions involving e-bicycles. This study aims to develop an autonomous emergency braking (AEB) system for e-bicycles to reduce rear-end collisions. A framework for the AEB system composed of the risk recognition function and collision avoidance function was designed, and an e-bicycle following model was established. Then, numerical simulations were conducted in multiple scenarios to evaluate the effectiveness of the AEB system under different

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Zhou, Qingfeng, Chun Janice Wong, and Xian Su. "Machine Learning Approach to Quantity Management for Long-Term Sustainable Development of Dockless Public Bike: Case of Shenzhen in China." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2020 (November 28, 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8847752.

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Since the number of bicycles is critical to the sustainable development of dockless PBS, this research practiced the introduction of a machine learning approach to quantity management using OFO bike operation data in Shenzhen. First, two clustering algorithms were used to identify the bicycle gathering area, and the available bike number and coefficient of available bike number variation were analyzed in each bicycle gathering area’s type. Second, five classification algorithms were compared in the accuracy of distinguishing the type of bicycle gathering areas using 25 impact factors. Finally,

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Dufort, Fay J., Christopher J. Leitheiser, Gemma Mudd, Julia Kristensson, Alexandra Rezvaya, Katie Gaynor, Sandra Uhlenbroich, et al. "Abstract 4233: Generation of a Bicycle NK-TICA™, a novel NK cell engaging molecule designed to induce targeted tumor cytotoxicity." Cancer Research 82, no. 12_Supplement (June 15, 2022): 4233. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-4233.

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Abstract The tumor specific activation of natural killer (NK) cells is an area of active investigation in immune oncology, but to date has relied on complex biologic modalities (e.g., antibodies, fusion proteins, or cell therapies). NK cells are highly responsive immune cells that can detect and eliminate tumor cells and bridge innate to adaptive immune responses. Bicycles® are small (ca.1.5kDa), chemically synthetic, structurally constrained peptides discovered via phage display and optimized using structure-driven design and medicinal chemistry approaches. We have applied the Bicycle platfor

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Bahmankhah, Behnam, Paulo Fernandes, and Margarida C. Coelho. "CYCLING AT INTERSECTIONS: A MULTI-OBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT FOR TRAFFIC, EMISSIONS AND SAFETY." Transport 34, no. 3 (March 21, 2019): 225–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/transport.2019.8946.

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This paper evaluated in an integrated manner the traffic performance, pollutant emissions and road conflicts between bicycles and motor vehicles at a signalized intersection. Two alternative scenarios were examined: (1) bicycles increment and motor vehicles replacement within the cycle-fixed traffic signal; (2) replacing the existing traffic control by a conventional two-lane roundabout and evaluating the impacts of bicycles increment. For each scenario, bicycle demand was varied from 9 to 270 bicycles per hour (bph). Traffic flow and vehicle dynamic data were collected from a three-leg signal

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Astuti, Septya Ayu Tri, and Anna Octaviana. "GALERI SEPEDA DI PELAIHARI." JURNAL TUGAS AKHIR MAHASISWA LANTING 10, no. 2 (August 31, 2021): 126–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jtamlanting.v10i2.860.

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Pelaihari’s high interest in bicycles is not comparable to the number of bicycle providers. This is evidenced by an increase in bicycle sales up to two times, while the number of providers of bicycles is limited and bicycle sold are not accompanied by explanatory information. There is also no designated place for cycling in Pelaihari. Responding to these problems, the need for a place that serve as a sales center and bicycle information along with supporting facilities in the form of a gallery. The design of the Bicycle Gallery in Pelaihari applies a commercial approach according to Wungow to

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Roa, Sergio D., and Luis E. Muñoz. "Bicycle change strategy for uphill time-trial races." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part P: Journal of Sports Engineering and Technology 231, no. 3 (August 29, 2017): 207–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1754337117724310.

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In uphill time-trial cycling races, riders have to travel along routes characterized by high-gradient variations in the shortest time possible. Due to this gradient variation, the appropriate selection among time-trial bicycles and traditional road bicycles is essential to reduce the power demand. For some uphill courses, the bicycle selection is not necessarily unique, with the possibility of a bicycle change during the race to take advantage of the performance of each type of bicycle for specific sections of the route. In this study, a method for planning the bicycle-changing strategy is pro

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Jung, Jongwoo, and Doyoung Jung. "Analysis of Factors Affecting the Extra Journey Time of Public Bicycles." Sustainability 15, no. 18 (September 15, 2023): 13804. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su151813804.

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Many countries worldwide are introducing public bicycle systems to reduce urban traffic and environmental problems. However, studies on the usage behavior of public bicycles have not considered the trip purpose of riders extensively due to data limitations. Therefore, this study defined the “extra journey time” from usage time and origin–destination (OD) expected time and clustered public bicycle usage behaviors. Subsequently, the effects of the location characteristics of the departure and arrival stations, road environmental factors, and weather conditions for each cluster were analyzed. Thr

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Jin, Can. "The analysis of the optimization direction of conventional mechanical bicycle." Applied and Computational Engineering 65, no. 1 (May 23, 2024): 174–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/65/20240491.

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With the rise of environmental awareness and the intensification of urban transportation problems, bicycles have regained attention as a green and efficient way of traveling. This thesis explores and analyzes the direction of optimizing the conventional mechanical bicycle in modern society. Using a summary review approach, the thesis focuses on the optimization potential of bicycles in terms of integrating frame design and ergonomics, personalized design, enhancing cycling efficiency, and refining products. Among other things, this thesis emphasizes the importance of frame shape design, dimens

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Elvira, Febrina Gladys, Sri Sukmana Damayanti, Gavrilla Theodora, and Olga Nadina. "Analysis Of Electric Bicycles As A Vehicle In Indonesia: A Normative Legal Review." Syariah: Jurnal Hukum dan Pemikiran 20, no. 1 (July 14, 2020): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.18592/sjhp.v20i1.3571.

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Abstrak:Dalam perkembangannya terdapat kendaraan berupa sepeda listrik yang notabene memiliki dua sumber energi yaitu energi manusia dan energi listrik. Kendaraan yang memiliki dua sumber energi penggerak ini disebut juga sebagai hybrid vehicle. Di dalam peraturan perundang-undangan di Indonesia terkait dengan hybrid vehicle, yang notabene memiliki dua sumber energi, seperti sepeda listrik yang menggabungkan energi manusia dan listrik tidak terdapat pengaturan. Hal ini menimbulkan problematika terkait dengan legalitas sepeda listrik yang ada di masyarakat. Ketidakjelasan legalitas sepeda listr

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Dufort, Fay, Christopher Leitheiser, Gemma Mudd, Julia Kristensson, Alexandra Rezvaya, Elizabeth Repash, Eric Haines, et al. "789 Generation of a Bicycle NK-TICA™, a novel NK cell engaging molecule to enhance targeted tumor cytotoxicity." Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 9, Suppl 2 (November 2021): A824. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jitc-2021-sitc2021.789.

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BackgroundNatural killer (NK) cells are immune cells that can detect and eliminate tumor cells and bridge innate to adaptive immune responses. Tumor specific activation of NK cells is thus an area of active investigation in immune oncology, but to date has relied on complex biologic modalities (e.g., antibodies, fusion proteins, or cell therapies), each of which has inherent disadvantages in this application. Thus, alternative approaches are warranted. Bicycle® are small (ca. 1.5 kDa), chemically synthetic, structurally constrained peptides discovered via phage display and optimized using stru

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Liu, Zhizhen, Ziyi Wu, Feng Tang, Chao Gao, Hong Chen, and Wang Xiang. "Public Bicycle Dispatch Method Based on Spatiotemporal Characteristics of Borrowing and Returning Demands." Sustainability 16, no. 10 (May 19, 2024): 4293. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16104293.

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Public bicycle systems (PBSs) serve as the ‘last mile’ of public transportation for urban residents, yet the problem of the difficulty in borrowing and returning bicycles during peak hours remains a major bottleneck restricting the intelligent and efficient operation of public bicycles. Previous studies have proposed reasonable models and efficient algorithms for optimizing public bicycle scheduling, but there is still a lack of consideration for actual road network distances between stations and the temporal characteristics of demand at rental points in the model construction process. Therefo

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Doria, Alberto, Sergio Roa, and Luis Muñoz. "Stability analysis of bicycles by means of analytical models with increasing complexity." Mechanical Sciences 10, no. 1 (June 12, 2019): 229–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ms-10-229-2019.

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Abstract. The basic Whipple-Carvallo bicycle model for the study of stability takes into account only geometric and mass properties. Analytical bicycle models of increasing complexity are now available, they consider frame compliance, tire properties, and rider posture. From the point of view of the designer, it is important to know if geometric and mass properties affect the stability of an actual bicycle as they affect the stability of a simple bicycle model. This paper addresses this problem in a numeric way by evaluating stability indices from the real parts of the eigenvalues of the bicyc

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