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Teses / dissertações sobre o tema "Cancer Radiotherapy"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 4 de junho de 2021

Última modificação: 29 de julho de 2024

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1

Mairs, Robert J. "Targeted radiotherapy of cancer." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.248190.

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2

Radu, Calin. "Optimising Radiotherapy in Rectal Cancer Patients." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Enheten för onkologi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-172531.

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Rectal cancer is the eight most common cancer diagnosis in Sweden in both men and women, with almost 2000 new cases per year. Radiotherapy, which is an important treatment modality for rectal cancer, has evolved during the past decades. Diagnostic tools have also improved, allowing better staging and offering information used to make well-founded decisions in multidisciplinary team conferences. In a retrospective study (n=46) with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) patients, unfit for chemoradiotherapy, patients were treated with short-course radiotherapy. Delayed surgery was done when poss

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3

Martling, Anna. "Rectal cancer : staging, radiotherapy and surgery /." Stockholm, 2003. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2003/91-7349-461-5/.

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4

Langlands, Fiona Elizabeth. "Sensitivity to radiotherapy in breast cancer." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.582111.

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Radiotherapy (RT) is a component of treatment for breast cancer in more than 50% of cases. Patients are selected for RT on the basis of limited clinical and histopathological factors with no reference to the molecular phenotype of tumours. Breast cancer is a highly heterogeneous disease and some tumours are refractory to RT treatment. Selection of patients for RT using predictive markers may improve RT efficacy and cancer outcomes. The aims of the work described in this thesis were to identify and test potential predictive markers for RT in cancer treatment. I examined whether the classic hist

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5

Taylor, Carolyn W. "Breast cancer radiotherapy and heart disease." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2008. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:c9dda3ca-8cb3-4a38-938d-0b75b4f6471d.

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Introduction: Some past breast cancer radiotherapy regimens led to an increased risk of death from heart disease. Although heart dose from breast cancer radiotherapy has generally reduced over the past few decades, there may still be some cardiac risk. Estimation of future risk for women irradiated today requires both measurement of their cardiac dose and dose-response relationships, which depend on cardiac dosimetry of past regimens, in conjunction with long-term follow-up data. Methods: Virtual simulation and computed tomography 3-dimensional treatment planning on a representative patient we

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6

吳曉靑 and Xiaoqing Wu. "Post-radiotherapy cervical metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31222018.

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7

Cheng, Kun. "Deformable models for adaptive radiotherapy planning." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/22893.

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Radiotherapy is the most widely used treatment for cancer, with 4 out of 10 cancer patients receiving radiotherapy as part of their treatment. The delineation of gross tumour volume (GTV) is crucial in the treatment of radiotherapy. An automatic contouring system would be beneficial in radiotherapy planning in order to generate objective, accurate and reproducible GTV contours. Image guided radiotherapy (IGRT) acquires patient images just before treatment delivery to allow any necessary positional correction. Consequently, real-time contouring system provides an opportunity to adopt radiothera

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8

Taylor, Alexandra. "Intensity-modulated radiotherapy for cervical cancer : optimising target volume definition and radiotherapy delivery." Thesis, University of London, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.510901.

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9

Murphy, Caroline Claire Scanlon. "A history of radiotherapy to 1950 : cancer and radiotherapy in Britain 1850-1950." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.278710.

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10

Riekki, R. (Riitta). "Late dermal effects of breast cancer radiotherapy." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2006. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514282760.

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Abstract Radiotherapy is used in the treatment of breast cancer in order to reduce local recurrence rate. However, radiation is known to cause both acute and delayed side-effects on normal tissues. A common late complication of radiotherapy is fibrosis of skin and other organs. Fibrosis has been described as excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix components, especially collagens. Collagens are a group of extracellular matrix proteins that provide connective tissues with tensile strength. Type I and III collagens are the major structural proteins in skin. Alterations in collagen synth

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11

Belderbos, Josepha Sophia Antonia. "Radiotherapy in lung cancer: a moving field." [S.l. : Amsterdam : s.n.] ; Universiteit van Amsterdam [Host], 2007. http://dare.uva.nl/document/45315.

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12

Burnet, Neil Gunn. "The relationship between cellular radiation sensitivity and normal tissue response to radiotherapy : prospects for individualising radiotherapy prescriptions." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.357208.

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13

Ramroth, Johanna Rankin. "Radiotherapy dose-fractionations and outcomes in cancer patients." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:8c5a99de-7d8c-4b19-9a91-e6cf4efa7bd2.

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Radiotherapy cures many cancers, but the optimum total doses and fractionations used to treat different cancer types remain uncertain. While conventional fractionation (≈2 Gy per fraction) is common in many countries, UK practice has been highly variable. This thesis compared different curative-intent radiotherapy dose-fractionations used in non-small cell lung and breast cancer. These two cancers together make up over a quarter of UK cancer incidence and mortality, and radiotherapy can increase cure rates of both cancers. Two studies were conducted: (A) A meta-analysis of randomised radiother

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14

Gozbasi, Halil Ozan. "Optimization approaches for planning external beam radiotherapy." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/34726.

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External beam radiotherapy is delivered from outside the body aimed at cancer cells to damage their DNA making them unable to divide and reproduce. The beams travel through the body and may damage nearby healthy tissues unless carefully planned. Therefore, the goal of treatment plan optimization is to find the best system configuration to deliver sufficient dose to target structures while avoiding damage to healthy tissues. This thesis investigates optimization approaches for two external beam radiation therapy techniques: Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) and Volumetric-Modulate

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15

Nilsson, Greger. "Cardiovascular Side Effects of Radiotherapy in Breast Cancer." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Enheten för onkologi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-179811.

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The aim of the thesis was to study cardiovascular side effects of radiotherapy (RT) in breast cancer (BC). In a study base of 25,171 women with BC diagnosed 1970-2000, we found a statistically significant 12% increase of stroke, compared to the stroke incidence in the background population. A case-control study of 282 cases with BC followed by a stroke and 1:1 matched controls with BC but not stroke was performed. In women irradiated to internal mammary chain (IMC) and supraclavicular lymph nodes (SCL) vs. a pooled group of women not irradiated or irradiated to targets other than IMC and SCL,

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16

Pollack, Johan. "Preoperative staging and radiotherapy in rectal cancer surgery /." Stockholm, 2006. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2006/91-7140-742-1/.

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17

Henson, Katherine Elizabeth. "Heart disease and lung cancer risks after radiotherapy." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:119bdbd9-00a7-484d-96f0-6b1e59dab696.

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Radiotherapy has been shown to increase the subsequent risk of heart disease among survivors of breast cancer, but little is known about factors, other than the dose of radiation delivered to the heart, which determine the magnitude of the risk. In addition, survivors of teenage and young adult cancer are internationally acknowledged as an understudied population, and limited information is available on their late health risks. This thesis sought to utilise the largest observational datasets available to date for these populations: the Collaborative Group on Observational Studies of Breast Can

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18

Beasley, William. "Optimising adaptive radiotherapy for head and neck cancer." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2017. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/optimising-adaptive-radiotherapy-for-head-and-neck-cancer(96e831b0-751a-454d-8a6d-4dd490b6a88f).html.

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Anatomic changes occur throughout head and neck radiotherapy, and a new treatment plan is often required to mitigate the resulting changes in delivered dose to key structures. This process is known as adaptive radiotherapy (ART), and can be labour-intensive. The aim of this thesis is to optimise ART, addressing some of the technical and clinical challenges facing its routine clinical implementation. Optimising the frequency and timing of adaptive replanning is important, and it has been shown here that intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) are equa

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19

Parker, Michelle. "Mitochondrial dynamics in the radiation response of cancer cells." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/26948.

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Mitochondria are involved in the regulation of key cellular processes that determine the response of cells to damage. Mitochondrial fission and fusion are associated with cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, cellular bioenergetics and redox status, which contribute to cellular homeostasis and damage response. The study aimed to describe and correlate cancer cell mitochondrial features and inherent radiosensitivity, and to determine the effect of modulation of mitochondrial dynamics on radiation response using a fission inhibitor, Mdivi-1. Methods: Mitochondrial status in a number of cancer cell l

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20

Cheng, Chi-yuen Harry, and 鄭致遠. "Image-guided adaptive radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B47164116.

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Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is an endemic malignant disease in Southern China. Intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) has been employed as a standard treatment for NPC because it delivers highly conformal dose distribution to target volumes and spares organs at risk (OARs). The success of radiotherapy depends on the accurate delivery of the planned doses throughout the treatment. This can be achieved with the help of advanced image-guided adaptive radiotherapy (IGART) such as kilovoltage (kV) cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) which can reduce the geometric setup uncertainty, monitor

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21

Wu, Xiaoqing. "Post-radiotherapy cervical metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B20843252.

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22

Greer, Peter Brian. "A dual assembly multileaf collimator for radiotherapy." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 2000. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phg81659.pdf.

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Bibliography: leaves 241-250. A multileaf collimator for radiation therapy has been designed that splits each leaf bank into two vertically displaced assemblies or levels with each level consisting of alternate leaves and leaf spaces. The radiation profiles transmitted for image formation through the collimator design were investigated to examine their dependence on the collimator design features.

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23

韋霖 and William I. Wei. "Surgery for post-radiotherapy cervical metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1991. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31979543.

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24

Montgomery, Dean. "Improving radiotherapy using image analysis and machine learning." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/23554.

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With ever increasing advancements in imaging, there is an increasing abundance of images being acquired in the clinical environment. However, this increase in information can be a burden as well as a blessing as it may require significant amounts of time to interpret the information contained in these images. Computer assisted evaluation is one way in which better use could be made of these images. This thesis presents the combination of texture analysis of images acquired during the treatment of cancer with machine learning in order to improve radiotherapy. The first application is to the pre

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25

Pande, Maneesha. "Development of targeted / site - specific drug - delivery systems for cancer." Thesis, IIT Delhi, 2019. http://eprint.iitd.ac.in:80//handle/2074/8110.

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26

Bosmans, Geert. "CT-PET imaging of lung cancer patients for radiotherapy." Maastricht : Maastricht : Universiteit Maastricht ; University Library, Universiteit Maastricht [host], 2007. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=9450.

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27

Muirhead, Rebecca. "The optimization of image guided radiotherapy in lung cancer." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2011. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/2711/.

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The hypothesis of this work was whether IGRT could be safely implemented for clinical use in a busy oncology centre. I aimed to study a number of questions that remain unresolved in the current literature regarding safe and optimised implementation of IGRT techniques. The first study undertaken was the calculation of a local set up margin using two widely recognised margin recipes. This involved the assessment and analysis of multiple images belonging to 100 patients. This allowed progression onto the next project which was assessment of the optimal safe method of delineation of 4DCT. The most

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28

Eminowicz, G. K. D. "Standardisation and optimisation of radical radiotherapy for cervical cancer." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2016. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1513290/.

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Cervical cancer is a significant worldwide health burden despite primary and secondary prevention measures in developed countries. Survival rates for locally advanced cervical cancers treated with radical chemoradiation (FIGO stage IB2 to IVA) ranges from 10 to 85% at 5 years. A significant proportion of patients relapse within the pelvis and therefore the quality and accuracy of radiotherapy delivery is paramount. This thesis aims to review the extent of potential uncertainties within cervical cancer radiotherapy with the aim of developing and assessing methods to optimise and standardise tho

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29

Evert, Jasmine. "Molecular studies of radiotherapy and chemotherapy in colorectal cancer." Doctoral thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskap och medicin, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-43635.

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30

Coles, Charlotte E. "Development of three-dimensional radiotherapy techniques in breast cancer." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/29491.

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Radiotherapy following conservation surgery decreases local relapse and death from breast cancer. Currently, the challenge is to minimise the morbidity caused by this treatment without losing efficacy. Despite many advances in radiation techniques in other sites of the body, the majority of breast cancer patients are still planned and treated using 2-dimensional simple radiotherapy techniques. In addition, breast irradiation currently consumes 30% of the UK's radiotherapy workload. Therefore, any change to more complex treatment should be of proven benefit. The primary objective of this resear

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31

朱慧玲 and Wai-ling Chu. "A clinical guideline to minimise radiation-induced dermatitis in womenwith breast cancer." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B40720718.

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32

Baustert, Isabelle Catherine. "Quantitative MR imaging in planning and assessing novel cancer treatments." Thesis, Institute of Cancer Research (University Of London), 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.248446.

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33

Foo, Kerwyn Yi Min. "Methodological uncertainties in radiotherapy dose-effect analysis." Thesis, University of Sydney, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/24421.

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Cancer and normal tissues in patient populations exhibit variability in biological response to the same dose of radiation. Sources of this variability include: • Inherent biological factors of patient, tumour or tissue • Metrics to measure, classify or declare biological outcomes • Volumetric (prescription of target or avoidance regions) • Dosimetric and delivery Dosimetric and delivery variation is easily measured and has relatively little impact on variation of outcome in modelling studies. Volumetric variation contributes greatly to uncertainty, dependent on human judgement by oncologi

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34

Tung, Pui-lam, and 董沛霖. "Randomized study on therapeutic gain by changing the chemo-radiotherapy from concurrent-adjuvant to induction-concurrentsequence, and the radiotherapy from conventional to acceleratedfractionation for advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B43958497.

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35

Smit, Kathleen Ann. "In vitro prediction of inherent cellular radiosensitivity." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1492.

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Thesis (MTech (Biomedical Technology))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2005<br>The principal objective in irradiating tumours is to permanently inhibit their reproductive ability. More than half of all malignancies are primarily treated with radiation but tumours of different histologies differ greatly in response to radiotherapy as well as individual patients displaying great variability in response to treatment. The need for reliable assays predicting tumour and normal tissue response to radiation is therefore a prime objective of clinical oncology. The requirement of s

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36

Land, Imke. "The delivery limitations of adaptive radiotherapy systems." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2009. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/2276/.

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Organ motion - whether due to respiration, cardiac motion or digestive processes - is one of the major problems in external beam radiotherapy as it limits the achievable precision in dose delivery. Adaptive radiotherapy (ART) is a novel approach for a more precise dose delivery where measured patient-specific variations are used to change the delivery pattern throughout the treatment course. The aim of the work described in this thesis has been to contribute to the progress of ART by developing dynamic phantoms for the simulation of target motion, evaluating adaptive treatment strategies, and

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37

Aylott, Ilona Natalia. "Investigating the innate immune response to cancer radiotherapy in zebrafish." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2017. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.715834.

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38

Gyenes, Gábor. "Cardiac side-effects of adjuvant radiotherapy for early breast cancer /." [Budapest] ; Stockholm, 1997. http://diss.kib.ki.se/1997/963-9106-04-6.

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39

Bhide, Shreeang Arvind. "Optimization of intensity modulated radiotherapy in head and neck cancer." Thesis, Institute of Cancer Research (University Of London), 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.511161.

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40

Lei, Mary Wei-Ching. "Image guided intensity modulated radiotherapy in head and neck cancer." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.600034.

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Image Guided Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy (IG-IMRT) incorporates novel imaging strategies into IMRT planning and delivery. FDG-PET/CT imaging may be used to identify potentially radioresistant tumour cell populations in head and neck cancer (HNC). Dose-painting with IMRT is a novel technique which provides an opportunity to widen the therapeutic window by dose escalation to radioresistant subvolumes. The purpose of this thesis was to evaluate the feasibility of th is technique, to provide methodology for identification of the FDG-avid region and to inform on a reasonable dose level to use

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41

Leslie, Martin David. "Salivary gland function after radiotherapy for head and neck cancer." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.341706.

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42

Ospina, Arango Juan David. "Predictive models for side effects following radiotherapy for prostate cancer." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REN1S046/document.

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La radiothérapie externe (EBRT en anglais pour External Beam Radiotherapy) est l'un des traitements référence du cancer de prostate. Les objectifs de la radiothérapie sont, premièrement, de délivrer une haute dose de radiations dans la cible tumorale (prostate et vésicules séminales) afin d'assurer un contrôle local de la maladie et, deuxièmement, d'épargner les organes à risque voisins (principalement le rectum et la vessie) afin de limiter les effets secondaires. Des modèles de probabilité de complication des tissus sains (NTCP en anglais pour Normal Tissue Complication Probability) sont néc

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43

Angenete, Eva. "Remodelling of extracellular matrix in rectal cancer and preoperative radiotherapy /." Göteborg : Institute of Clinical Sciences at Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2077/19389.

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44

Wey, Mark Tao Teong. "DNA repair in bladder cancer predisposition and radiotherapy treatment response." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2012. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/8087/.

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The genetic contribution to bladder cancer risk remains undetermined, while the role of radiotherapy versus surgery in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) treatment is hotly debated with the need for predictive biomarkers of treatment response. DNA repair pathways are involved in repairing DNA damage from carcinogens thus preventing carcinogenesis, but also form one of the 5 R’s of radiobiology for determining cancer response to radiotherapy. The aims of this project were: 1) To study the contribution of germline DNA repair gene variants, specifically rare variants (RV) and 3’-untranslated r

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45

Rios, Patiño Richard. "Statistical modeling of bladder motion and deformation in prostate cancer radiotherapy." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REN1S116/document.

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Le cancer de la prostate est le cancer le plus fréquent chez les hommes dans la plupart des pays développés. C'est le cancer le plus fréquent chez les hommes en France (73.609 cas en 2014) et en Colombie (9564 cas en 2014). En outre, c'est la troisième cause de décès par cancer chez les hommes dans les deux pays (9,3 % en France et 7,1 % en Colombie en 2014). L'une des techniques de traitement est la radiothérapie externe, qui consiste à délivrer un rayonnement ionisant à une cible clinique, à savoir la prostate et les vésicules séminales. En raison des variations anatomiques au cours du trait

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46

Costa, Ferreira Brigida da. "Biological optimization of angle of incidence and intensity modulation in breast and cervix cancer radiation therapy /." Stockholm : Division of medical radiation physics, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-313.

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47

Fokas, Emmanouil. "Targeting the PI3K/mTOR and ATK/Chk1 pathways to improve radiation efficacy for cancer therapy." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.572788.

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The purpose of the present thesis was to better understand the effect of targeting key biological mechanisms in order to improve radiotherapy response. Two important and distinct pathways were targeted using novel agents: (1) the phosphoinoside-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway; (2) the ataxia telangiectasia-mutated-Rad3-related (ATR)/Chkl pathway. The role of the PI3K1mTOR signalling pathway in tumour radiosensitivity and tumour microerivlronment (TME) was examined using three, recently-developed signalling inhibitors obtained from Novartis Pharma: NVP-BEZ235 (d

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48

Wu, Wing-cheung Vincent, and 胡永祥. "Dose analysis of 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional radiotherapy techniques in the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31220149.

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49

胡寶文 and Po-man Wu. "The application of the tumor control probability model of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in three dimensional conformal treatment planevaluation." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31241232.

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50

Chiu, Siu-hau, and 招兆厚. "A search for optimal radiation therapy technique for lung tumours stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) : dosimetric comparison of 3D conformal radiotherapy, static gantry intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) with flattening filter (FF) or flattening filter-free (FFF) beams." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/196549.

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Materials/Methods: Ten patients who underwent thoracic SBRT with primary stage I (T1/2N0) lung cancer or oligometastatic lung lesion, with PTV diameter ≤ 5cm were selected and were immobilized with Easyfoam or Vac-Lock. Planned/treated with inspiratory breath-hold (25 seconds, 70 to 80% of vital capacity) assisted with Active Breathing Control (ABC). Four treatment plans: non-coplanar 3DCRT, coplanar static gantry IMRT, coplanar VMAT (FF) and VMAT (FFF) were generated. Field arrangements, either static fields or partial arcs (duration=20 sec) were used to avoid direct beam entry to contralat

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