Literatura científica selecionada sobre o tema "Cerdo"
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Artigos de revistas sobre o assunto "Cerdo"
Ospina, R. Sabogal, e A. A. Owen B. "EL CERDO ZUNGO". Animal Genetic Resources Information 9 (abril de 1992): 77–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1014233900003230.
Texto completo da fontePedreño Cánovas, Andrés, María Giménez Casalduero e Antonio J. Ramírez Melgarejo. "Cerdos, acumulación y producción de naturaleza barata". Relaciones Internacionales, n.º 47 (28 de junho de 2021): 143–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.15366/relacionesinternacionales2021.47.007.
Texto completo da fonteAlandete, S., R. Revert e C. Fonfría. "Carita de cerdo". Revista Argentina de Radiología 79, n.º 2 (abril de 2015): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rard.2014.12.004.
Texto completo da fontePorras, Flor Dinorah, e Ana Isabel Girón Samayoa. "Toxoplasma gondii: detección en carne de cerdo en la ciudad de Guatemala". Revista Ciencia Multidisciplinaria CUNORI 5, n.º 2 (31 de julho de 2021): 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.36314/cunori.v5i2.168.
Texto completo da fonteTejeda, J. F., A. I. Carrapiso, J. L. Noguera, N. Ibáñez-Escriche e E. González. "Efecto de la línea genética y de dietas enriquecidas en ácido oleico sobre los parámetros productivos del cerdo Ibérico". Archivos de Zootecnia 67, Supplement (15 de janeiro de 2018): 41–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21071/az.v67isupplement.3569.
Texto completo da fonteVázquez-Mandujano, Enrique, Tércia Cesária Reis-de-Souza, Ericka Ramírez-Rodríguez e Gerardo Mariscal-Landín. "Impacto del peso al nacimiento del lechón sobre los balances de nitrógeno y energía en la fase de crecimiento". Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Pecuarias 10, n.º 4 (28 de novembro de 2019): 903–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.22319/rmcp.v10i4.5559.
Texto completo da fonteAparicio, M. A., F. González, J. A. Andrada e J. D. Vargas. "Las razas porcinas mediterráneas y su impacto ambiental". Archivos de Zootecnia 67, Supplement (15 de janeiro de 2018): 17–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.21071/az.v67isupplement.3564.
Texto completo da fonteAraújo, J. P. P., J. O. L. Cerqueira, P. Pires, I. Amorim, J. Durão, V. Cadavez, J. Santos Silva, R. Dominguez, R. Bermúdez e J. M. Lorenzo. "Crecimiento de cerdos Bísaros alojados en un sistema hoop barn y en confinamiento tradicional". Archivos de Zootecnia 67, Supplement (15 de janeiro de 2018): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.21071/az.v67isupplement.3567.
Texto completo da fonteMaíllo, Ismael A. ""Un cerdo inconformista": el ensayo de Wang Xiaobo sobre la granja orwelliana de la Revolución Cultural". Estudios de Asia y África 55, n.º 3 (27 de julho de 2020): 599. http://dx.doi.org/10.24201/eaa.v55i3.2569.
Texto completo da fontePochon, D. O., H. A. Koslowski, J. A. Picot e J. M. Navamuel. "Efectos de la sustitución parcial de maíz por harina integral de mandioca sobre variables productivas de cerdos en crecimiento". Revista Veterinaria 21, n.º 1 (6 de agosto de 2010): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.30972/vet.2111848.
Texto completo da fonteTeses / dissertações sobre o assunto "Cerdo"
Aravena, Pavez Patricia Alejandra. "Identificación y viabilidad del virus del síndrome reproductivo y respiratorio porcino en carnes de cerdo importadas". Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2018. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/159252.
Texto completo da fonteEl síndrome reproductivo y respiratorio porcino (PRRS), es una enfermedad exclusiva del cerdo, la cual causa las mayores pérdidas económicas en la industria porcina a nivel mundial. El virus es transmitido por diferentes fuentes, principalmente a través de contacto con cerdos contaminados, semen entre otros. Una de las vías posibles de transmisión, corresponde a la transmisión oral mediante el consumo de carne de cerdo contaminada. En Chile el virus fue re-introducido en 2013, desconociéndose su forma de ingreso; sin embargo, está estrechamente relacionado con cepas de USA del 2012, identificadas durante actividades de vigilancia. Para evaluar la posible transmisión a través de la carne, se analizaron 72 muestras de carne de cerdo importada, mediante RT-PCR en tiempo real y aislamiento viral. Seis de las 72(8%) muestras resultaron positivas a RT-PCR en tiempo real y 7(10%) sospechosas, con Ct promedio de 34,9. La muestra con el Ct más bajo fue de 33,09 y el máximo (sospechoso) 36,5. Estos resultados confirman la presencia frecuente de material genético de virus PRRS en carnes importadas. Por otro lado, en ninguna de las muestras positivas fue posible aislar el virus PRRS. Su viabilidad no pudo ser demostrada, lo puedo verse influenciado debido a problemas del aislamiento viral, ya que los cultivos fueron usualmente contaminados por bacterias presentes en la carne limitando la técnica. Futuros estudios son necesarios para entender mejor esta vía de transmisión, una de las maneras de mejorar el estudio de viabilidad podría ser el uso de animales centinela
The porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS), is a mayor disease causing the highest economic losses in the pork industry worldwide. The virus only affects pigs, the main transmission sources are the infected pigs and semen. Another source of infection may be pork, by oral ingestion. In Chile PRRS virus was re-introduced in 2013. The virus is close related genetically with strains detected in USA in 2012. The introduction source is still unknown. The goal of this study was to assess the pork as a possible source of PRRS virus. Seventy-two pork samples were tested by real time RT-PCR and viral isolation was attempted in positive samples. Six (8%) out of 72 were positive and 7 (10%) were suspect. The average of Ct values was 34,9 excluding negative samples. The lowest Ct reported was 33.09 and the highest suspect Ct value was 36.5. The PCR results indicate that RNA of PRRS virus can be frequently found in pork samples. In other hand, the viral isolation was negative in all samples tested at first passage. Therefore, the PRRS viability was not confirmed. These results may be affected by cell culture contamination by bacteria present in the pork samples. Further studies are necessary to better understand this source of contamination, to improve the assess viability the animal bioassay could be used
Financiamiento Proyecto Fondef ID14I10201, ASPROCER, Laboratorio de Virología Animal.
Asencios, Gomez Ruth Milagros. "Variación del pH en la carne de cerdos beneficiados con aturdimiento eléctrico y sin aturdimiento". Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2004. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/2265.
Texto completo da fonte-- The objective of this study was to determine the variation of the meat pH in the first 24 hours after death in the carcasses pork slaughter by electrical stunning and in the carcasses pork slaughter without stunning. A total of 446 porks, were distributed in 2 groups: 223 slaughter animals with electric stunning and 223 slaughter animals without electric stunning (78 males and 145 females for each group respective), with similar characteristics in management, age and genetic line. pH measurement was done in carcasses in semimembranosus muscle of the left leg, in the first hour post slaughter and later each 2 hour by a period of 24 hours in refrigerating conditions. It was determined that electric slaughter influence in the initial and final pH values, getting lower initial pH in the animals slaughter with electric stunning (6.54) than that of the animals slaughter without stunning (6.75) and a higher final pH in the slaughter animals with electric stunning (5.90) than that of the animals slaughter without electric stunning (5.55). There was also determined the sex influence in the final pH value, obtaining a higher final pH in males than in females, 6.00 and 5.44 respectively for the group of the slaughter animals with electric stunning, 6.00 and 5.24 in males and females respectively for the slaughter animals without stunning.
Tesis
Bustamante, Muñoz Pamela Francisca. "Comparación de métodos de estimación del consumo aparente de carne de cerdo". Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2015. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/136975.
Texto completo da fonteEl consumo aparente permite estimar lo consumido por una población en un tiempo determinado, utilizando para esto los valores de producción y de comercio internacional (importaciones y exportaciones). Con el paso de los años la industria de la carne de cerdo ha sufrido cambios con el fin de atender las nuevas necesidades del consumidor. Como resultado, hoy ofrece productos con cortes listos, deshuesados o sometidos a procesos como ahumado o salado entre otros, incrementado notoriamente sus importaciones y exportaciones. Este nuevo escenario obliga a generar cambios en la estimación del consumo aparente, ya que ahora no solo se exportan e importan canales, sino cortes y alimentos procesados que requieren ser convertidos a una unidad común. En vista que el método de estimación del consumo aparente en Chile no cuenta con las herramientas para determinar el valor correcto de estos productos, se hace necesario establecer un método que si lo permita. El presente estudio busca encontrar en otros países un método que permita reflejar el consumo aparente de carne de cerdo en Chile de forma más precisa. Los resultados de este estudio indican que existe una variación de hasta 3,4 kg per cápita de carne de cerdo entre los métodos analizados. Dentro de las principales causas de esto estaría, la diferencia en los cortes incluidos en la definición de canal de cada país y, la cantidad y variabilidad de factores de conversión aplicados a estos cortes.
Carranza, Champac Fernando André. "Frecuencia de toxoplasmosis en cerdos provenientes de granjas tecnificadas y factores de riesgo asociados a su presentación". Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2015. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/4569.
Texto completo da fonte--- Toxoplasmosis is considered as one of the most important zoonosis in the world because of it worldwide distribution and high frequencies in warm-blooded species like pigs, who can transmit the disease through it raw or half-cooked meat. The aim of the current study was to rate the frequency of tech-farms pigs which are positive to test. Also it was pretended to establish if there is any relationship between positive reaction and sex of the animal. It was taken 240 samples of techfarm pig blood between November and Decembre of 2012 in "Conchucos" slaughterhouse, located in El Agustino, Lima; during the bloodshed. Those samples were transported to Parasitology Laboratory in San Marcos University, located in San Borja, Lima to it process and evaluation using the Indirect Inmunofluoresce Assay (IFA) which is well-known as it highly sensitive and specificity. It was found a frequency of 21.67% of positive reactions. The presentation of the disease related to positive reactions and sex was evaluated by the measure of association called Odds Ratio (OR), obtaining a result of 1.64 with confidence interval of 0.88-3.06, establishing there is no significative association. It was concluded there are a significant frequency of reactant pig to toxoplasmosis and sex has no influence in the presentation of this disease. Key words: Toxoplasma gondii, toxoplasmosis, pig, Indirect Inmunofluorescence Assay
Tesis
Martínez, Macipe Míriam. "Evaluación del comportamiento y bienestar del cerdo ibérico en montanera". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/666695.
Texto completo da fonteThe objectives of this thesis are to describe the behavior of the Iberian pig in extensive conditions, what factors affect it, how animals are grouped throughout the year and the influence some environmental conditions may have and, finally, to prove if there are differences in the quality of the meat of castrated animals, immunocastrated or whole females reared in extensive. For the first two objectives, field observations were made on six farms in Extremadura during the fattening and finishing phases in montanera. This is, from the first spring of the animals, with about six months of age, until its slaughter at the end of the following winter, during two seasons from 2012 to 2014. Regarding the activity patterns, it was observed that 56% of time was dedicated to rest and 28% to explore, being affected (P<0.05) by the season, the presentation of rain or fog, the independence or dependence on people to feed them and the central or peripheral position within the group. However, no differences were detected in terms of sex or reproductive status of the animals. It was in the summer when pigs used the pond the most (8%), leaving it without use in winter (P <0.0001), when, the entrance in montanera determined that they spent more time exploring (from 18 to 50%) (P <0.0001). The animals located in the periphery of the groups were more vigilant and active than the central ones (P <0.0001), which used to remain longer lying down (P = 0.0302). In short, the Iberian pig in extensive requires a conditioned pond in summer and its exploratory activity increases when it goes from being fed with concentrate to depend only on natural resources. As for the formation of groups, only a small part (9%) of all the animals were found alone, with males being the majority. The average size of the groups, although the herds could be integrated by more than one hundred individuals, was from 2 to 25 pigs, presenting the smallest sizes during the montanera (P <0.0001). The largest groups were observed in open areas (P <0.0001), in the feeder (P <0.0001) or near the pens (P <0.0001) and corresponded mainly to groups formed by males only (P <0.0001). Thus, clear differences were observed in the grouping of males and females; the females being more prone to small and mixed-type groups and, the males, to larger and only-male groups. However, during the montanera, the groups of males were reduced and the males increased their presence in mixed groups and alone. With these results we conclude that Iberian pigs prefer to segregate when looking for food and reunite when they do not have the protection of trees or access to certain spaces, although they show different preferences in terms of type of group and size according to sex. For the third objective we worked with 83 pigs and sows surgically castrated or immunocastrated at 11, 12 and 14 months of age and whole sows. After slaughter at 16 months, the quality of the meat was analyzed and a sensory analysis was performed to evaluate the differences between the different treatments. In the case of males, immunocastration gave rise to leaner meat (P = 0.0001) and less infiltrated fat (P <0.005); on the other hand, very similar products were obtained from the females. In this way, both whole and immunocastrated females (in the case of the presence of wild boar) have shown potential in the Iberian pig market, as an alternative with greater welfare.
Uchuya, Doanyre Heberht Raul. "Presencia de Staphylococcus aureus resistente a meticilina en crianza porcina de traspatio del departamento de Tumbes". Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2015. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/4611.
Texto completo da fonte--- Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a gram positive bacteria multidrug considered a critical pathogen in human medicine, and is one of the leading causes associated to hospitals infections (HA-MRSA). However in recent years there are increasing cases of community-associated infections (CA-MRSA), and livestock associated MRSA (LA-MRSA). Swine production was identified as one of the emerging risk factors in the increase in nasal carriers of S. aureus in LA-MRSA infections, probably aided by the widespread use of antibiotics. The aim of this study was to determine the presence of MRSA in backyard pigs rearing in the department of Tumbes. For the execution of the study 325 samples of nasal swabs from backyard pigs before slaughter were taken. The swabs from both nostrils were inoculated mannitol salt agar-cefoxitin 4 µg / ml. The colonies that were morphologically compatible with MRSA were inoculated on blood agar 5% and were evaluated by biochemical tests for phenotypic identification of the bacteria. Polymerase chain reaction allowed the detection of mecA gene in 15 samples; however none of them were positive to the characteristic nuc gene of Staphylococcus. These results found, showed lack of evidence for MRSA. However, we can estimate the presence of methicillin resistance in 15/79 (coagulase positive) samples compatible with Staphylococcus. The probability of finding a MRSA positive pig was within the confidence interval of 95% from 0.00009 to 0.01251. Consequently, it was well below the threshold prevalence. Keywords: Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA, pigs, methicillin, Tumbes.
Tesis
Juárez, Eyzaguirre José Roger. "Obtención y purificación de la manteca de cerdo: diseño y formulación de bases dermocosméticas para la incorporación de extractos vegetales". Doctoral thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2008. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/787.
Texto completo da fonteAt present, the treatment of the diseases in animals and humans using natural resources is a very used custom. In the published articles in reference to this fact there are plenty of publications for the topical treatment of different diseases using natural resources mostly animal and vegetables which are administrated under the form of ointments due to the fact that the materials such as lard are very compatible with the human skin. Lard is the grease which is a normal component of the pork. It has been studied and it has been determined that lard which surrounds the kidneys is the due to its characteristics very similar to the humans.
Tesis
Aguilar, Segovia Jaime Ernesto. "Efecto deltiempo de reposo, tiempo pos-mortem, sexo y peso de canal sobre la calidad de la carne de cerdo". Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2004. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/130761.
Texto completo da fonteEl presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo analizar los efectos del tiempo de reposo pre-sacrificio: 1, 3, 5 y 6 hrs, tiempo pos-mortem: 45 minutos y 24 hrs; sexo (machos castrados y hembras) y peso de canal: livianas < 90 kg; normales: 90 a < 106 kg y pesadas: 106 kg, sobre pH muscular, conductividad eléctrica muscular y temperatura muscular. Se trabajó con una muestra de 365 cerdos provenientes de un plantel industrial que fueron procesados en una Planta Faenadora de Carnes de la Región Metropolitana. Los estimadores de calidad de la carne se midieron en el músculo Longissimus dorsi, entre las vértebras T15 y L1 de la hemicanal derecha. Los resultados fueron analizados mediante análisis de varianza. Se encontró que los tres estimadores de calidad presentaron diferencias significativas (p 0,0001) entre los tiempos pos-mortem estudiados (45 min y 24 hrs). Como consecuencia de los valores más bajos de pH muscular a las 24 hrs (p 0,0001) y valores más altos de conductividad eléctrica tanto a los 45 min y 24 hrs (p 0,05), en los tiempos de reposo extremos, el reposo en un rango de 3 a 5 hrs sería suficiente para mejorar la calidad de la carne. El mayor peso de canal condicionó una menor calidad de la carne de cerdo al originar menores valores de pH muscular a los 45 min (p 0,05) y temperaturas más altas 45 min y 24 hr pos-mortem (p 0,0001 y p 0,001, respectivamente). El pH muscular a las 24 hrs fue menor en las canales de machos castrados (p 0,0001) en circunstancias que se observó una menor temperatura muscular a las 24 hrs en las de hembras (p 0,01), lo que indicaría que el sexo afecta de manera marginal los estimadores de calidad de carne de cerdo estudiados
Martínez, Puig Daniel. "Implicaciones digestivas y metabólicas del consumo de almidón resistente en el cerdo". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/5673.
Texto completo da fontePara la consecución de este objetivo se diseñaron tres experimentos. En los 2 primeros se estudiaron los mecanismos de adaptación digestiva y la lipogénesis a medio y largo plazo, y en el tercero el metabolismo postprandial.
En todos los experimentos los animales fueron alimentados con dos dietas que diferían el tipo de almidón añadido (25%), siendo de maíz en una (dieta AM) y crudo de patata (dieta ACP) en la otra, como ejemplos de almidón digestible y almidón resistente tipo II.
Respuestas del tracto digestivo
La digestibilidad ileal del almidón fue inferior (P<0.05) en la dieta que contenía ACP respecto a la dieta que contenía AM (75% vs 95% de media). El mayor flujo de almidón al tracto digestivo posterior en la dieta ACP provocó una hipertrofia del intestino grueso, determinada por un mayor peso y longitud del colon (P<0.05).
La fermentación de almidón en colon proximal estuvo asociada a un incremento en la actividad microbiana determinado por una mayor concentración de bases púricas (BP) y un aumento en la concentración de ácidos grasos volátiles (AGV). La administración de almidón resistente durante un periodo de tiempo prolongado (14 semanas) provocó una adaptación de la flora microbiana, que se caracterizó por la aparición de bacterias amilolíticas productoras de butirato y por una mayor biodiversidad (P=0.07).
Entre las consecuencias del incremento en la producción de butirato, cabe destacar la reducción del numero de apoptosis por cripta (0.68 vs 0.38; P<0.05) observado en la mucosa del colon proximal
Respuestas metabólicas
Al final de los experimentos se sacrificaron los animales y se tomaron muestras de tejidos adiposos y musculares con el fin de estudiar el impacto de la administración de almidón resistente sobre la actividad enzimática de los enzimas relacionados con la lipogénesis (ACX, ME, G6PDH) y el contenido de grasa intramuscular. La administración de almidón resistente provocó una disminución en la actividad enizmática de todos los enzimas estudiados (P<0.05) en los tejidos adiposos, pero no modificaron la actividad de los enzimas lipogénicos de los tejidos musculares ni el contenido de grasa intramuscular después de 38 días de adaptación. Sin embargo, tras 97 días de adaptación, se observó un descenso en el contenido de grasa intramuscular (62.7 vs 44.0 g/kg MS en longissimus dorsi; P<0.05) en los animales alimentados con ACP.
Para explicar las diferencias en la actividad de los enzimas lipogénicos observados tras la administración de almidón resistente, se realizó un pequeño estudio complementario. En este experimento los animales fueron canulados y recibieron una infusión constante de 1-13C acetato y de 6,6-D2 glucosa. Los cerdos alimentados con almidón resistente presentaron una menor glicemia e insulinemia postprandial, así como un menor ritmo de aparición de glucosa en sangre periférica. Sin embargo no se detectaron diferencias en el ritmo de aparición de acetato. Estos resultados sugieren que el mecanismo por el cual la administración de almidón resistente condiciona la actividad de los enzimas lipogénicos, puede ser a través de su impacto en la glicemia e insulinemia posprandiales.
En su conjunto, los resultados obtenidos demuestran que la administración de almidón resistente afecta el sistema gastrointestinal, promoviendo la aparición de mecanismos de adaptación digestiva en respuesta al aporte de almidón a intestino grueso, pero también afecta al metabolismo general del animal, ya que produce variaciones en el ritmo de aparición y concentración de glucosa e insulina plasmática y en consecuencia modifica la lipogénesis.
The main objective of the present thesis was to evaluate the principal digestive and metabolic consequences of the resistant starch consumption using the pig as a model.
To reach this objective 3 experiments were designed. Two of them to study the digestive adaptations and lipogenic responses during the medium- and long-term, and the third one to study the postprandial metabolism.
In all the experiments, pigs were feed with 2 diets containing 2 different starches: corn starch (CS) and raw potato starch (RPS) as examples of digestible and resistant starch type II.
Responses of the digestive tract
Ileal starch digestibility was lower (P<0.05) on pigs fed RPS than CS (average 75 vs 95%). The increased flow of starch towards the large bowel on RPS fed pigs, caused a colon hypertrophy which could be measured as a higher weight and length (P<0.05) of the intestinal compartment in RPS respect CS treatment.
Colonic starch fermentation resulted in an increase on microbial activity reflected as a higher concentrations of purine bases (PB) and volatile fatty acids (VFA) on colonic digesta. Long-term consumption of resistant starch (14 weeks) promoted an adaptation of the microbial flora, resulting in the appearance of butyrate producing bacteria, and an increase on the biodiversity (P=0.07).
As a result of the increased butyrate production in the large bowel digesta of the RPS fed pigs a reduction on the number of apoptosis per crypt of the colonic mucosa (0.68 vs 0.38; P<0.05) was determined.
Metabolic responses
At the end of the experiments, pigs were euthanized and samples of muscular tissues and fat depots were collected in order to study the effect of resistant starch on the activity of lipogenic enzymes (ACX, ME, G6PDH) and on the intramuscular fat content. Resistant starch consumption reduced the activity of all the enzymes studied (P<0.05) on adipose but not on muscular tissues. No differences between diets were observed on the intramuscular fat content after a period of adaptation of 38 days. In contrast, resistant starch consumption during a period of 97 days, reduced the intramuscular fat content (62.7 vs 44.0 g/kg MS in longissimus dorsi; P<0.05).
To explain the differences observed on lipogenic enzyme activities, an additional trial was performed. In this trial, pigs were fitted with catheters and infused with 6,6-D2 glucose and 1-13C acetate in order to study variations between treatments on the glucose and acetate rates of appearance in the systemic pool, and on the plasmatic concentrations of glucose and insulin. Both glucose and insulin plasmatic concentrations, and the glucose rate of appearance were reduced as a result of RPS consumption. However no differences were observed on the acetate rate of appearance. This results suggested that the mechanism by which resistant starch consumption decreased lipogenic enzyme activities was through a reduction on the postprandial glycaemia and insulinaemia.
The overall results demonstrate that resistant starch consumption promotes adaptations of the gastrointestinal tract in response of the chronic load of substrate to the large bowel. In addition resistant starch consumption affects the general metabolism, reducing the glucose and insulin postprandial concentrations and as a consequence decreasing lipogenesis.
Roca, Canudas Mercè. "Estudio del ecosistema bacteriano del tracto digestivo del cerdo mediante técnicas moleculares". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/5618.
Texto completo da fonteEste trabajo tiene como objetivo principal estudiar, mediante diferentes técnicas de biología molecular, la composición de la microbiota del tracto digestivo de los cerdos y los cambios que en ella se producen en diferentes condiciones.
En el primer capítulo, se estudiaron las poblaciones bacterianas del tracto gastrointestinal en cerdos recién destetados y alimentados con piensos suplementados con diferentes aditivos (un acidificante, un extracto de plantas y un antibiótico), mediante la utilización de la técnica del polimorfismo de la longitud de los diferentes fragmentos de restricción (PCR-RFLP). Mediante la utilización de esta técnica, se detectaron cambios en la complejidad de las poblaciones bacterianas a lo largo del tracto digestivo, incrementando de forma significativa de los tramos proximales a los tramos más distales. A partir de estos resultados, se sugirió que para estudios de diversidad microbiana del tracto digestivo de los cerdos, el análisis del yeyuno/íleon y del ciego/colon serían muestras suficientes para un estudio representativo. Además se observó que mediante la incorporación del butirato de sodio, se incrementaba la diversidad bacteriana de los tramos distales del tracto digestivo, mientras que la incorporación del extracto de plantas la disminuía.
En el segundo capítulo, se estudió el efecto de diferentes tipos de fibra sobre la microbiota intestinal, en este caso utilizando diferentes técnicas moleculares (PCR-RFLP, PCR cuantitativa y FISH). Además, también se estudió la adaptación de la misma a lo largo del tiempo. En este estudió, se observó que el tipo de fibra modificaba la composición de la microbiota intestinal y que el tiempo de adaptación de la microbiota del tracto digestivo era variable en función del tipo de sustrato utilizado. Así, mientras que la introducción del maíz molturado grosero indujo un incremento súbito y transitorio de la diversidad microbiana en los tramos del tracto digestivo más proximales, la introducción de salvado de trigo provocó una disminución tardía de la diversidad bacteriana en tramos digestivos más distales.
Finalmente, en el tercer capítulo se analizó la dinámica de infección de los cerdos con dos cepas diferentes de Salmonella Typhimurium, estudiando también el efecto de la infección sobre la diversidad microbiana del tracto digestivo. A pesar de que la sintomatología fue muy leve, globalmente se demostró que los animales infectados con una cepa resistente a múltiples antibióticos presentaban una mayor alteración de los parámetros productivos y de los síntomas clínicos que los animales infectados con una cepa sensible a diferentes antibióticos. La infección no modificó el grado de diversidad microbiana de las heces ni del contenido del ciego de ninguno de los animales.
In the last years, many new strategies have been implemented in the porcine production to improve the sanitary status of farms. However, digestive problems are still observed mainly during the weaning period and at the starting of the growing phase. In addition, the prohibition of the use of antibiotics as growth promoters has increased the interest to find alternatives that can help us to control enteric diseases.
The present work aims to study, by different molecular techniques, the composition of the microbiota of the porcine digestive tract and the changes that take place in it under different conditions.
In the first trial, the bacterial population of the gastrointestinal tract was studied in recently weaned pigs, fed with supplemented diets with different additives (an organic acid, a plant extract mixture and an antibiotic), by using the polymerase chain reaction and the restriction fragment length polymorphism technique (PCR-RFLP). By using this technique, changes in the complexity of the bacterial population along the digestive tract were detected, increasing in a significant way from the proximal to the distal gastrointestinal segments. With these results, it was suggested that, for futures studies of microbial diversity of the porcine digestive tract, the analysis of the jejunum or ileum samples and the caecum or colon samples would be enough for a representative study. Moreover, it was also observed that after sodium butyrate incorporation into the diet, the bacterial diversity of the distal intestinal segments was increased, while the incorporation of a plant extract mixture reduced the intestinal bacterial diversity.
In the second trial, the effect of different types of fibre on the gastrointestinal microbiota was studied using different molecular techniques (PCR-RFLP, quantitative PCR and FISH). The adaptation of the intestinal microbiota along the time was also studied. In this study, it was observed that the type of the fibre modified the composition of the gastrointestinal microbiota and the time of adaptation was variable depending on the substrate used. In this way, while the introduction of coarse grounded corn induced a sudden and transitory increment of the microbial diversity in the proximal gastrointestinal segments, the introduction of wheat bran caused a late decrease of the bacterial diversity in more distal gastrointestinal segments.
Finally, in the third trial, the dynamics of the Salmonella Typhimurium infection in pigs was analyzed by an experimental inoculation with two different Salmonella strains. Moreover, the effect of the infection on the microbial diversity of the digestive tract was also assessed. Although the clinical signs were mild, it was demonstrated that the animals infected with the strain resistant to multiple antibiotics presented a stronger alteration of the productive parameters and more relevant clinical symptoms that the animals infected with the strain sensitive to different antibiotics. Infection with both strains did not modify the grade of microbial diversity of faecal and caecum digestive contents of none of the animals.
Livros sobre o assunto "Cerdo"
Royston, Angela. El cerdo. Bilbao (España): Publicaciones FHER, 1990.
Encontre o texto completo da fonteAhlberg, Allan. El cerdo feroz. Buenos Aires: Hyspame rica, 1986.
Encontre o texto completo da fonteOrtiz, Antonio Gázquez. Porcus, puerco, cerdo: El cerdo en la gastronomía española. Madrid: Alianza Editorial, 2000.
Encontre o texto completo da fonteVicente, Risco. El cerdo de pie. Madrid: Trama Editorial, 2001.
Encontre o texto completo da fonteVolker, Neumann. Der Heldbock: Cerambyx cerdo. Wittenberg Lutherstadt: A. Ziemsen, 1985.
Encontre o texto completo da fonteTusset, Pablo (. En el nombre del cerdo. Barcelona: Destino, 2007.
Encontre o texto completo da fonteTusset, Pablo. En el nombre del cerdo. Barcelona: Ediciones Destino, 2006.
Encontre o texto completo da fonteCapítulos de livros sobre o assunto "Cerdo"
Strien, René. "Bioy Casares, Adolfo: Diario de la guerra del cerdo". In Kindlers Literatur Lexikon (KLL), 1–2. Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-476-05728-0_2764-1.
Texto completo da fonteGarcía-Hernández, Benjamín. "Innovaciones latinas y románicas en el campo léxico de sūs (‹cerdo›)". In Actas del XXVI Congreso Internacional de Lingüística y Filología Románica, editado por Emili Casanova e Cesáreo Calvo, 543–50. Berlin, Boston: DE GRUYTER, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110299953.543.
Texto completo da fonteAmadio, Roberto M., Nicolas Ayache, Francois Bobot, Jaap P. Boender, Brian Campbell, Ilias Garnier, Antoine Madet et al. "Certified Complexity (CerCo)". In Foundational and Practical Aspects of Resource Analysis, 1–18. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-12466-7_1.
Texto completo da fonte"Manteca de Cerdo". In Tetero de hojas y otras 110 recetas ancestrales, 206–9. Editorial Universidad del Norte, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1cfthv2.119.
Texto completo da fonteBorda, F. J. García, M. Labalde Martínez, P. Peláez Torres, O. García Villar, E. Rubio González, C. Nevado García, J. Alcalde Escribano e E. Ferrero Herrero. "ANATOMÍA COLORRECTAL DEL CERDO". In Manual de cirugía laparoscópica avanzada experimental en cirugía colorrectal, 37–40. Dykinson, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvf3w3f7.8.
Texto completo da fonteCuéllar, E. Rodríguez, D. Hernández García-Gallardo, M. Labalde Martínez, J. García Borda, A. Vivas López e E. Ferrero Herrero. "TORACOSCOPIA EN EL CERDO." In Manual de Cirugía Laparoscópica avanzada Experimental en Cirugía Esófago-Gástrica, 55–58. Dykinson, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvfb6z11.12.
Texto completo da fonte"EL MODELO DEL CERDO". In Music for Unknown Journeys by Cristian Aliaga, 132–33. Liverpool University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1hqdjzj.62.
Texto completo da fonte"El modelo del cerdo". In Music for Unknown Journeys by Cristian Aliaga, editado por Benjamin Bollig, 132–33. Liverpool University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781800348097.003.0059.
Texto completo da fonte"Sancocho de Cabeza de Cerdo Ahumada y Lentejas". In Tetero de hojas y otras 110 recetas ancestrales, 79. Editorial Universidad del Norte, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1cfthv2.38.
Texto completo da fonteRega, Francesco Michele. "Preliminary study of the macro-lithic tools collected by CeRDO in the Sudanese Eastern Desert". In Travelling the Korosko Road: Archaeological Exploration in Sudan’s Eastern Desert, 99–124. Archaeopress Publishing Ltd, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1bjc3dk.16.
Texto completo da fonteTrabalhos de conferências sobre o assunto "Cerdo"
Neves dos Santos, Francisco, Benjamin Ertl, Chadi Barakat, Thrasyvoulos Spyropoulos e Thierry Turletti. "CEDO". In MSWiM '13: 16th ACM International Conference on Modeling, Analysis and Simulation of Wireless and Mobile Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2507924.2507931.
Texto completo da fonteBurke, Joe, Gabby Hagewiesche e Kylie Rude. "Cerro Azul Meambar". In Conference of the Youth Environmental Alliance in Higher Education. Michigan Technological University, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37099/mtu.dc.yeah-conference/2020/all-events/26.
Texto completo da fonteMilli, Julien, Tomás Rojas, Benjamin Courtney-Barrer, Fuyan Bian, Julio Navarrete, Florian Kerber e Angel Otarola. "Turbulence nowcast for the Cerro Paranal and Cerro Armazones observatory sites". In Adaptive Optics Systems VII, editado por Dirk Schmidt, Laura Schreiber e Elise Vernet. SPIE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2561364.
Texto completo da fonteGregory, Brooke, D. L. DePoy, Jonathan H. Elias, Andres Montane, Gabriel Perez, Roger M. Smith e Gary L. Webb. "Cerro Tololo infrared spectrometer". In Astronomy '90, Tucson AZ, 11-16 Feb 90, editado por David L. Crawford. SPIE, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.19078.
Texto completo da fonteBello, P. "Cerro La Negra EAS Cherenkov array". In The international workshop on observing ultrahigh energy cosmic rays from space and earth. AIP, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1378656.
Texto completo da fonteRadford, Simon J. E., Riccardo Giovanelli, George E. Gull e Charles P. Henderson. "Submillimeter observing conditions on Cerro Chajnantor". In SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation, editado por Larry M. Stepp e Roberto Gilmozzi. SPIE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.789335.
Texto completo da fonteSolari, S., M. Fermi e R. Puricelli. "3D Cerro Falcone, Quality and Operations Management". In 63rd EAGE Conference & Exhibition. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.15.f-36.
Texto completo da fonteDe Souza, Estéfane Carmo, Diego Do Carmo Silva e Roberto Almeida Bittencourt. "E se Nossa Oficina não Der Certo?" In Congresso sobre Tecnologias na Educação. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/ctrle.2020.11392.
Texto completo da fonteM. Travassos, J., e G. C. Stael. "A GPR Survey in Permafrost at Cerro Tupungato". In 8th International Congress of the Brazilian Geophysical Society. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.168.arq_784.
Texto completo da fonteGhiretti, Paolo, Volker Heinz, Daniela Pollak e Jose Lagos. "E-ELT project: geotechnical investigation at Cerro Armazones". In SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation, editado por Larry M. Stepp, Roberto Gilmozzi e Helen J. Hall. SPIE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.925347.
Texto completo da fonteRelatórios de organizações sobre o assunto "Cerdo"
Julio-Román, Juan Manuel, Silvia Juliana Mera e Alejandro Reveiz-Herault. La curva Spot (Cero Cupon). Bogotá, Colombia: Banco de la República, junho de 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/be.213.
Texto completo da fonteTruesdell, A. H., M. J. Lippmann, J. De Leon e M. H. Rodriguez. Cerro Prieto cold water injection: effects on nearby production wells. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), julho de 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/760333.
Texto completo da fonteM. Johansen, B. Enz, B. Gallaher, K. Mullen e D. Kraig. Storm Water Quality in Los Alamos Canyon following the Cerro Grande Fire. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), abril de 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/781456.
Texto completo da fonteGroves, David G., James Syme, Edmundo Molina-Pérez, Carlos Calvo, Luis Víctor-Gallardo, Guido Godinez-Zamora, Jairo Quirós-Tortos et al. Costos y beneficios de la descarbonización de la economía de Costa Rica: Evaluación del Plan Nacional de Descarbonización bajo incertidumbre (Resumen ejecutivo). Inter-American Development Bank, novembro de 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0002870.
Texto completo da fonteCarbognani, L., M. Hazos, V. Sanchez, J. A. Green, J. B. Green, R. D. Grigsby, C. D. Pearson et al. Analysis of heavy oils: Method development and application to Cerro Negro heavy petroleum. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), dezembro de 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5109186.
Texto completo da fonteAuthor, Not Given. Analysis of heavy oils: Method development and application to Cerro Negro heavy petroleum. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), dezembro de 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5109212.
Texto completo da fonteEberhart, Craig. Measurements of air contaminants during the Cerro Grande fire at Los Alamos National Laboratory. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), agosto de 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/991235.
Texto completo da fonteViloria-de-la-Hoz, Joaquín. El ferroníquel de Cerro Matoso : aspectos económicos de Montelíbano y el Alto San Jorge. Bogotá, Colombia: Banco de la República, outubro de 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/dtseru.117.
Texto completo da fonteBalice, Randy G., Kathryn D. Bennett e Marjorie A. Wright. Burn Severities, Fire Intensities, and Impacts to Major Vegetation Types from the Cerro Grande Fire. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), dezembro de 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/837780.
Texto completo da fonteSGC, Servicio Geológico Colombiano. Mapa Geomorfológico aplicado a movimientos en masa escala 1:100.000. Plancha 107 Cerro Azul. Producto. Bogotá: Servicio Geológico Colombiano, setembro de 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.32685/4.7.2015.505.
Texto completo da fonte