Teses / dissertações sobre o tema "Conception de Récepteurs Numériques"
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Izquierdo, Christian. "Conception et réalisation d’un front-end analogique pour un récepteur multistandard multi-mode". Thesis, Lille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LIL10013/document.
Texto completo da fonteThe aim of this thesis is the design of a wide-band RF analogue front-end for a cellular multi-standard and multiband receiver. The main limitation of receivers today is the need of external SAW filters to protect the LNA and mixer from out-of-band interferers. In this thesis we propose a new technique of positive feed-back which transposes the filters transfer function in RF. Thus, a selective RF filter is created in the LNA input to improve non-linearity performances of the receiver. This RF filter is also configurable in bandwidth and center frequency. An experimental prototype has been made in 65nm CMOS technology. The positive feed-back improves the LNA out-of-band IIP3 by 17dB. The center frequency is configurable from 1.3GHZ to 2.85GHz. Power consumption is of 30mW, while maximal NF is of 6.5dB
Fischer, Schilling Ian. "Conception et prototypage sur circuit FPGA d'un récepteur avancé basé sur la propagation d'espérance". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2025. http://www.theses.fr/2025BORD0033.
Texto completo da fonteExpectation Propagation (EP) is a powerful technique used in statistical inference to approximate complex probability distributions with simpler ones from the exponential family through moment matching. Recent works have demonstrated that its application in digital receiver design offers an attractive complexity-performance trade-off. By iteratively refining signal estimates via a message-passing approach, EP provides a robust framework for addressing challenges in digital communication systems, such as inter-symbol interference (ISI) in wideband channels. In this thesis, an EP-based Frequency Domain Self-Iterated Linear Equalizer (FD-SILE) is considered, comprising an equalizer, a soft demapper and a soft mapper. These components take advantage of EP for feedback within a self-iterating process. While the EP-based FD-SILE demonstrates favorable complexity-performance, its computational complexity remains prohibitive for hardware implementations, particularly for high-order constellations. In order to decrease this computational complexity, analytical simplifications are introduced for the soft mapping and demapping processes. These simplifications achieve substantial reductions in computational complexity while preserving bit error rate (BER) performance.As part of this thesis work, fixed-point versions of the simplified soft mapper and demapper are carried out to enable architecture design. Different architectures are designed for the modulation schemes of BPSK, QPSK, 8-PSK, and 16-QAM. These architectures are then optimized through pipelining, significantly reducing the number of clock cycles per frame. A flexible pipelined architecture, capable of dynamically switching constellations on a per-frame basis, is subsequently designed and implemented onto an FPGA device. Validation is conducted using a hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) configuration, which integrates a simulation environment on a computer with the FPGA-implemented architecture on a Zynq MPSoC platform
Hattenberger, Véronique. "Contribution à l'étude de la formation de voies en numérique : application à la conception de récepteurs haut débit utilisant des antennes planaires à rayonnement direct". Nantes, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NANT2069.
Texto completo da fonteThe demand of new multimedia services encourages the manufacturers to design receivers which use radio-software architecture and beamforming. A completely digital receiver is not yet feasible, or at great cost. A hybrid solution which associates in an optimal way analog and digital areas must be considered. A designing method was developed to specify the front-end of the system by taking into account the characteristics of the analog-to-digital converter, the beamforming and the desired signal to noise ratio at the output. A direct radiation planar antenna was developed so as to reduce the losses for the conversion of the broadband signal that requires a noise figure brought down to the input of the receiver the weakest possible, and to enable a distance inferior to /2 between the centers of phase of the element of the array so as to avoid the grating lobes in the case of important deviations of the beam
Fouque, Andrée. "Contribution à la conception d'un récepteur mobile failble coût et faible consommation dans la bande Ku pour le standard DVB-S". Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR14528/document.
Texto completo da fonteThis work focuses on the faisability of a low cost and low power receiver in order to extend the DVB-S standard to mobility. The objective of this project is to suggest solutions to overcome technological bottlenecks fot the realization of such a demonstrator with 65 nm CMOS technology. This report composed of four chapters, describes all steps from the specification definition to the performances of the antenna array and the receiver through the architecture study and the different blocks design. [...]
Delesalle, Denis. "Conception et analyse d'algorithmes numériques parallèles". Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 1993. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00343434.
Texto completo da fonteKarimi, Alireza. "Conception des régulateurs numériques robustes et adaptatifs". Grenoble INPG, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPG0210.
Texto completo da fonteHentz, Gauthier. "Outils numériques pour la conception de mécanismes". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAD021/document.
Texto completo da fonteIn the medical and surgical background, robotics can be of great interest for safer and more accurate procedures. Size constraints are however strong and complex movements may be necessary. To date, the design of dedicated non-conventional mechanisms is then a difficult task because of a lack of generic tools allowing a fast evaluation of their performances. This thesis combines higher-order continuation and automatic differentiation to adress this issue through the introduction of a generic modelling method and a generic formalism for mechanism design. Our contributions especially concern the development of numerical tools for the evaluation of the workspace, of the singularity localization and nature, and for a higher-order sensitivity analysis. These tools are evaluated on reference mechanisms
Duroux, Romain. "Conception, synthèse et évaluation d'antagonistes des récepteurs A2A". Thesis, Lille 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL2S015/document.
Texto completo da fonteAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most prevalent form of dementia in the aged population. So far, there is no way to halt or slow-down AD. Therefore, there is a constant need of developing novel therapeutic strategies.In recent years, adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) has attracted a growing interest since it has been proved that this receptor is over-expressed during AD. Also, epidemiological studies showed that people consuming regularly caffeine-based beverages over a lifetime are substantially less likely to develop this disease. Indeed, A2AR antagonists improve memory performance as it reduces β-amyloid deposits and Tau-phosphorylation.Though several antagonists have been developed for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, current research efforts are focus on developing new antagonists with relevant ADME properties and a better efficacy. Based on a molecular modeling-guided design, we synthesised new A2AR antagonists with benzoxazole and quinazoline as central scaffold. Three molecules were selected and will be subject to evaluation on animal’s model
Goncalves, Dos Santos Junior Gutemberg. "Conception robuste de circuits numériques à technologie nanométrique". Phd thesis, Télécom ParisTech, 2012. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00998731.
Texto completo da fonteGonçalves, Dos Santos Junior Gutemberg. "Conception robuste de circuits numériques à technologie nanométrique". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, ENST, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ENST0039.
Texto completo da fonteThe design of circuits to operate at critical environments, such as those used in control-command systems at nuclear power plants, is becoming a great challenge with the technology scaling. These circuits have to pass through a number of tests and analysis procedures in order to be qualified to operate. In case of nuclear power plants, safety is considered as a very high priority constraint, and circuits designed to operate under such critical environment must be in accordance with several technical standards such as the IEC 62566, the IEC 60987, and the IEC 61513. In such standards, reliability is treated as a main consideration, and methods to analyze and improve the circuit reliability are highly required. The present dissertation introduces some methods to analyze and to improve the reliability of circuits in order to facilitate their qualification according to the aforementioned technical standards. Concerning reliability analysis, we first present a fault-injection based tool used to assess the reliability of digital circuits. Next, we introduce a method to evaluate the reliability of circuits taking into account the ability of a given application to tolerate errors. Concerning reliability improvement techniques, first two different strategies to selectively harden a circuit are proposed. Finally, a method to automatically partition a TMR design based on a given reliability requirement is introduced
Gonçalves, Dos Santos Junior Gutemberg. "Conception robuste de circuits numériques à technologie nanométrique". Thesis, Paris, ENST, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ENST0039/document.
Texto completo da fonteThe design of circuits to operate at critical environments, such as those used in control-command systems at nuclear power plants, is becoming a great challenge with the technology scaling. These circuits have to pass through a number of tests and analysis procedures in order to be qualified to operate. In case of nuclear power plants, safety is considered as a very high priority constraint, and circuits designed to operate under such critical environment must be in accordance with several technical standards such as the IEC 62566, the IEC 60987, and the IEC 61513. In such standards, reliability is treated as a main consideration, and methods to analyze and improve the circuit reliability are highly required. The present dissertation introduces some methods to analyze and to improve the reliability of circuits in order to facilitate their qualification according to the aforementioned technical standards. Concerning reliability analysis, we first present a fault-injection based tool used to assess the reliability of digital circuits. Next, we introduce a method to evaluate the reliability of circuits taking into account the ability of a given application to tolerate errors. Concerning reliability improvement techniques, first two different strategies to selectively harden a circuit are proposed. Finally, a method to automatically partition a TMR design based on a given reliability requirement is introduced
Crozat, Stéphane. "Eléments pour la conception industrialisée des supports pédagogiques numériques". Phd thesis, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/edutice-00000204.
Texto completo da fonteMigeot, Jean-Louis. "Méthodes numériques pour la conception vibro-acoustique des structures". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212099.
Texto completo da fonteTubach, Olivier. "Conception et développement d'outils numériques pour les truquages cinématographiques". Paris 8, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA081016.
Texto completo da fonteAsfour, Aktham. "Traitement numérique des signaux et identification de systèmes RMN ; Conception et développement d'un imageur pour l'IRM dédiée à bas champ". Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00473212.
Texto completo da fonteKang, Gyoung-Dong. "Conception et synthèse d'antagonistes non peptidiques des récepteurs aux endothélines". Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998GRE18005.
Texto completo da fonteGehanne, Karine. "Conception, synthèse et évaluation biologique de nouveaux dérivés orthoaminoesters thiophèniques à visée anticancéreuse". Caen, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CAEN4002.
Texto completo da fonteIntimate illness of the life, the cancer represents a major challenge of the knowledge, at the same time that it is a therapeutic emergency. Despite real improvement brought by combine therapies, the cancer progresses to the rhythm of the human longevity increase. The recent therapies, intended for the selective modulation of the target protein activity speeding up the tumor, have begun to prove their additive therapeutic effectiveness. Researches undertaken in the scope of this thesis enter around three projects having each a promising therapeutic target in oncology : MCH (mélano-concentrating hormone), CDC25 phosphatase and tubulin with combretastatin A-4 analogues. The aim of each project was the synthesis and the valorization of compounds including a thiophene nucleus as general structural element to discover potential ligands corresponding to each of targets. Several original synthesis ways were elaborated from a single building-block orthoaminoester thiophene so as to access to more complex structures: thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidinone, thiéno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2,4-dione, diarylthiophene-2-carboxylic acid and thieno[3,4-c]cinnoline. Studies of structure-activity relationship (SAR) of leads were realized on the different targets, by crossing biological results and molecular model-building, thanks to our academic and industrial partners
Delhaye, Etienne. "Conception et réalisation de multiplieurs numériques sur arséniure de gallium". Grenoble 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986GRE10115.
Texto completo da fonteDumas, Milne Edwards Léonard. "Conception de formes de relecture dans les chaînes éditoriales numériques". Thesis, Compiègne, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016COMP2254/document.
Texto completo da fonteDocumentary production in a professional context often involves a revising process in which documents need to be proofread before validation and publication. This important task faces new challenges when dealing with digital documents. Indeed, three features of digital writing are problematic: documents evolve very frequently and cannot be proofread each time as a whole; interactions provided by hypertexts make the task laborious or even impossible; document repurposing increases the views of content to proofread. As an advanced digital writing technology, XML publishing chains are a relevant framework for studying proofreading of digital documents. Observing that the views of content proposed by publishing chains, namely the generative views (XML sources that can be modified through a WYSIWYM editor) and the published views (documents obtained by transformation of the XML sources), are not adapted for proofreading, we consider designing new views of content dedicated for this activity based on two approaches: linearization, which consists in restoring some material linearity among contents; and tabulation, which aims at parallelizing different repurposing contexts so that they can be better compared. Part of the contribution presented here has led to the development of prototypes that have been experimented in the use of Scenari publishing chains in a pedagogical context. These prototypes rely on linear proofreading views allowing in particular the comparison between two versions of the document based on a diff algorithm
Commare, Bruno. "Conception et synthèse de nouveaux agonistes de récepteurs métabotropiques du glutamate". Thesis, Paris 5, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA05P621/document.
Texto completo da fonteGlutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. It is responsible of the majority of synaptic transmissions. In contrast, this natural amino acid is also involved in numerous neuropathologies and particularly in case of glutamate overconcentration in the synapse. Metabotropic glutamate receptors, that can modulate synaptic transmission, thus constitute promising therapeutic targets. These receptors are divided in three groups and our laboratory has been focused in group III and especially subtypes 4 which own interested properties in symptomatic treatment of pain and Parkinson Disease. The lack of pharmacological tools targeting this receptor prompts us to synthesize novel orthosteric agonist from the hit compound LSP4-2022. This molecule was obtained after several chemical optimizations from (S)-PCEP discovered from virtual screening. During my Ph.D., we could refine the structure-activity relationship of LSP4-2022 synthesizing new fluorinated and heterocyclic derivatives. Besides, a second study was carried out to identify the configuration of the two diastereomers which form tested compounds
Gagnon, Mathieu. "Conception, caractérisation et test de récepteurs optiques intégrés en technologie CMOS". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0002/MQ38679.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteDelhomel, Jean-François. "Conception et synthèse de ligands potentiels des récepteurs béta-3-adrénergiques". Lille 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LIL10194.
Texto completo da fonteMansour, Oussama. "Conception et synthèse d'antagonistes benzodiazépiniques et benzothiazépiniques des récepteurs de l'endothéline". Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000GRE18009.
Texto completo da fonteBaud, Germain. "Conception de récepteurs solaires à lit fluidisé sous flux radiatif concentré". Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011INPT0106/document.
Texto completo da fonteThe aim of this work is to evaluate the position and the potential of solar fluidized bed receivers compared to other methods for the solar heating of gases at high temperature. To this end, a thorough knowledge of the heat transfer and hydrodynamic of the receiver is necessary. To acquire this knowledge, we modeled the heat transfer in the receiver with a focus on the radiative transfer by taking into account the multiple scattering of light in the particle medium, the effect of walls on radiative heat transfer and the directionality of the concentrated solar radiation. The accurate determination of the distribution of particles within the fluidized bed has been a critical parameter for the calculation of heat transfer. With these models, later refined by a confrontation with experimental references, we have studied the effect of geometry on heat transfer in the receiver. This study highlighted the necessity to use a switching section fluidization column and the importance to optimize the pair : solar concentrator / receiver to avoid any overheating at the walls of the receiver. Moreover, it appears that the homogenization of the temperature in the fluidized bed of the receiver increase its performance
Thireau, Jérémy. "Conception et synthèse de ligands fluorescents des récepteurs de la mélatonine". Thesis, Orléans, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ORLE2003.
Texto completo da fonteMelatonin is a main neurohormone synthesized in the pineal gland during the night in all mammals. Secretions of the blood circulating hormone through any system endowed melatoninergic receptors (MT1, MT2) transmit information leading to photoperiod and adaptation of the day / night periods. Melatonin is involved in many biological functions but also in various diseases of the central nervous system such as circadian rhythm disorders, anxiety, depression... Actually, there are many affinity receptors ligands, however, research on the pharmacology and the functionality of melatonin receptors suffers from the lack of selective probes for these two receptors. In order to overcome this scientific obstacle, we designed and synthesized fluorescent melatonin ligands according two different approaches. In a first conventional approach the melatoninergic ligands are tagged with an organic fluorophore via a linker. In a second approach more innovative, the indole ring of the endogenous ligand is fused with a pyrrole in order to obtain a structural analogy with the fluorophores BODIPYs types. In a third series derived from the previous one, melatonin is functionalized with a aza-heterocycle able to chelate a boron atom. Pharmacological evaluations of these compounds have shown nanomolar affinity for the receptors. Photophysical studies confirmed the fluorescence induced by the fluorescent dye in the conventional approach, and induced by simple melatonin structural modifications in the orthers. Preliminary cell imaging have also validated the methodologies
Moas, Heloire Valeria. "Conception, synthèse et évaluation de nouveaux ligands antagonistes de récepteurs A2a". Thesis, Lille 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL2S007/document.
Texto completo da fonteAdenosine is a ubiquitous neuromodulator able to regulate many physiological processes and plays an important neuroprotective role in the central nervous system. Its effects are transmitted by four distinct G protein receptor subtypes designated A1, A2a, A2b, and A3. A2a receptors (A2aR) show a restricted distribution, being characteristic of the dopamine enriched areas, the highest concentration being in the caudate-putamen in brain, where it has an important role in neuronal signaling with this region and potential involvement in neurologic disease of extrapyramidal origin.A2a antagonism was shown to be a promising pharmacological target for neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Alzheimer disease (AD). Currently, only three compounds are still in clinical phase for PD treatment. Even if they show good affinities for the receptor, there is still a need for improving their ADME properties by keeping their selectivity towards other adenosine receptors.At the beginning of this project, a Tic-hydantoin derivative was identified as a new ligand with a good affinity for the A2a receptor. Based on the recently published crystalline structure of the A2A receptor complexed with the selective and high-affinity antagonist ZM241385 and a pharmacophoric model, we identified the missing features needed for a good affinity in our molecule. We designed and evaluated in silico many pharmacomodulations around the heterocyclic ring and Tic-guanidin substructure was proposed to present favorable hydrogen bound with Asn253 of the A2a binding site. This structure was obtained after optimization of a new synthetic pathway. Moreover, 1700 molecules were originally designed and evaluated in silico. Among potential interesting families, two of them, quinolizidinones and amino-imidazopyridines were synthesized and evaluated in vitro toward their affinity for A2a receptor and their cytotoxicity towards neuronal cells
Bushdid, Caroline. "Modèles numériques des mécanismes de l’olfaction". Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AZUR4091/document.
Texto completo da fonteHumans have ~400 genes encoding odorant receptors (ORs) that get differentially activated by a virtually infinite space of small organic molecules. The combinatorial code resulting from this activation could allow the human nose to discriminate more than one trillion different olfactory stimuli. But how is the percept encoded in the structure of a molecule? To understand how our nose decrypts the structure of molecules, numerical models were used to study the main protagonists of olfaction: ORs and odorants. These approaches included machine-learning methods to explore and exploit existing data on ORs, and molecular modeling to understand the mechanisms behind molecular recognition. In this thesis I first review the structure-odor relationships from a chemist's point of view. Then, I explain how I developed a machine learning protocol which was validated by predicting new ligands for four ORs. In addition, molecular modeling was used to understand how molecular recognition takes place in ORs. In particular, a conserved vestibular binding site in a class of human ORs was discovered, and the role of the orthosteric binding cavity was studied. The application of these techniques allows upgrading computer aided deorphanization of ORs. My thesis also establishes the basis for testing computationally the combinatorial code of smell perception. Finally, it lays the groundwork for predicting the physiological response triggered upon odorant stimulation. Altogether, this work anchors the structure-odor relationship in the post-genomic era, and highlights the possibility to combine different computational approaches to study smell
Labssita, Youssef. "Conception et synthèse de nouveaux dérivés benzopyroniques et de leurs analogues comme ligands des récepteurs sigma". Toulouse 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOU30025.
Texto completo da fonteBiaz, Saâd. "Réseaux de Petri appliqués à la conception de systèmes numériques rapides". Nancy 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NAN10276.
Texto completo da fonteNougayrede, Paul. "Analyse et conception des structures clavées : approches théoriques et investigations numériques". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris Est, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023PESC2018.
Texto completo da fonteThe current context urges the various players in the field of architecture and construction to increasingly question architectural design methods and production technologies, regarding issues linked to climate change and the scarcity of resources. That's why for a few decades there has been a renewed interest for using stone material, for several reasons (mechanical qualities, important durability, potential local resource...) and in particular for stereotomic masonry structures made up of stone voussoirs, cut and fitted. The fascinating properties of these different types of structures (arches, vaults, domes, jack arch, etc.) are still the subject of a great research diversity today which implements different approaches in order to model their stability, depending on the different cases. The advanced modeling of these monuments then makes it possible to fuel in-depth reflection on the design of new typologies of stone structures (mixed structures, reciprocal structures, collages, optimization of shape, use of material) and not only on the mechanical diagnosis of the existing. Two types of block-to-block modeling are thus implemented in this work. The Finite Element Method (FEM) makes it possible to simulate the deformations and stresses into blocks and mortar joints, via mathematical routines firmly anchored in structural research since the very first computers. Advanced modeling by the FEM is carried out as part of the scientific project to evaluate the stability of the vaults of Notre Dame de Paris cathedral, following the 2019 fire. The use of Limit Analysis modeling (LA) makes it possible to circumvent the difficulties in FEM: greedy calculation resources, complex implementation and processing results. LA is used, on the contrary, to determine relatively easily and quickly a stability domain based solely on the assumptions of (i) the geometry of the blocks, considered as infinitely rigid, (ii) the failure criteria at the joint interfaces and (iii) ) the external loads. The application of this method has found echo in a long tradition of heritage masonry structures studies which have thus been able to demonstrate its effectiveness, despite a compromise on the nature and precision of the answers, relative to other non-linear methods such as FEM.The AL approach is therefore implemented in the most general possible way by relying on advanced mathematical resolution tools (conic programming), with the aim of making its use accessible to as many users as possible (architects, historians, stone cutters, engineers…). Several concrete case studies using the FEM approach and the AL approach in parallel show the advantages and limitations of the latter depending on the applications
Torres, Miranda Miguel Angel. "Conception de circuits analogiques et numériques avec des transistors organiques flexibles". Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066693/document.
Texto completo da fonteIn the era of “Internet of Things”, conventional silicon-based circuits are not the only option to realize sensor interfaces. Electronic devices based on flexible materials are an interesting approach to interface with sensors connected to our everyday life, e.g.: clothes, packages, skin and into the human body. In this thesis, we propose a formalization of the:- Transistor fabrication process using organic and flexible materials.- Analog and digital circuit design using these transistors. The main contribution of this work can be summarized in the following:- Optimization of the fabrication and characterization process of two technologies: the first by shadow masks with an easy-to-fabricate procedure, the second by self-alignment and photolithography.- Modeling and parameter extraction for process variation aware analog design.- Customization of an open source VLSI CAD tools (Alliance©) for circuit design and layout of OTFT.- Design, fabrication and measurement of OTFT analog front-ends (OTAs, Comparators, Analog-to-Digital Converters,…) and basic digital circuits (Inverters, Logic Gates, …).This work achieved very interesting results and it opens a wide scope of future applications in the field of Flexible organic electronics
Torres, Miranda Miguel Angel. "Conception de circuits analogiques et numériques avec des transistors organiques flexibles". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2015. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2015PA066693.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteIn the era of “Internet of Things”, conventional silicon-based circuits are not the only option to realize sensor interfaces. Electronic devices based on flexible materials are an interesting approach to interface with sensors connected to our everyday life, e.g.: clothes, packages, skin and into the human body. In this thesis, we propose a formalization of the:- Transistor fabrication process using organic and flexible materials.- Analog and digital circuit design using these transistors. The main contribution of this work can be summarized in the following:- Optimization of the fabrication and characterization process of two technologies: the first by shadow masks with an easy-to-fabricate procedure, the second by self-alignment and photolithography.- Modeling and parameter extraction for process variation aware analog design.- Customization of an open source VLSI CAD tools (Alliance©) for circuit design and layout of OTFT.- Design, fabrication and measurement of OTFT analog front-ends (OTAs, Comparators, Analog-to-Digital Converters,…) and basic digital circuits (Inverters, Logic Gates, …).This work achieved very interesting results and it opens a wide scope of future applications in the field of Flexible organic electronics
Bolteau, Raphaël. "Conception, synthèse et évaluation pharmacologique d’antagonistes des récepteurs A2A et de ligands duaux ciblant les récepteurs A2A et mGlu5". Thesis, Lille 2, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LIL2S006.
Texto completo da fonteThe past fifty years have been marked by the breakthrough of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s. Unfortunately, only symptomatic treatments are available. Furthermore, facing this multifactorial disease, the search for new and innovative therapeutic targets becomes a major challenge. Among these targets, the adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) has been the subject of much research in recent years. Indeed, it has been shown that A2AR antagonists such as caffeine improve memory performance as it reduces β-amyloid deposits and Tau-phosphorylation. Though several A2AR antagonists have reached clinical trials, current research efforts are focused on developing new antagonists with relevant ADME properties. On the other hand, negative allosteric modulators of the metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) also play an important role in the pathological conditions associated with Alzheimer’s disease. It has been found that blocking the activity of mGlu5 reduces the neurotoxicity and synaptoxicity of the amyloid peptide in vitro but also in vivo. Based on a molecular modeling-guided design, we developed new A2AR antagonists with quinazoline and benzofuran as central scaffold and a dual ligands strategy targeting both A2A and mGlu5 receptors. Hit-to-lead optimization has led to nanomolar affinity compounds for A2AR and a new co-crystallized structure. Among them, some hit compounds have been identified with micromolar affinities towards mGluR5
Corbetta, François. "Nouvelles méthodes d'étude des tunnels profonds : calculs analytiques et numériques". Paris, ENMP, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990ENMP0227.
Texto completo da fonteCharon, Sébastien. "Conception et synthèse de marqueurs pour l’étude de l’interaction ligand-récepteurs nicotiniques". Strasbourg, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010STRA6215.
Texto completo da fonteNicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) play a key role in the synaptic transmission. Thus they are an important target for potential therapeutic agents to treat neurological dysfunctions involved in several human diseases as well as the target of synthetic insecticides specific of insect nAChRs. Given the absence of complete nAChRs crystallographic structure, our project uses an engineered irreversible site-directed labeling method, developed in our laboratory, to try to characterize the nAChR binding site and to explain the selectivity for a given ligand. This methodology consists in synthesizing affinity labels designed to react with cysteine mutants incorporated by site-directed mutagenesis in relevant positions defined through docking results obtained on receptor homology models. The formation of a covalent bond, analyzed by electrophysiology, allow us to position non-ambiguously the probe inside its binding site. In this work, we report the synthesis of several reactive probes, based on nicotinic ligands structure and substituted with isothiocyanate, chloroacetamide or chloromethyl moieties, respectively. The selected derivatives are derived from quinuclidines known for their selectivity towards the human neuronal alpha 7 nAChRs, and from imidacloprid to study insect nAChRs. These derivatives were fully characterized and tested for their reactivity towards cysteine model compounds. In a collaborative project, the electrophysiological experiments are in progress on both alpha7 and insect nAChRs expressed in xenopus oocytes
Babin, Victor. "Conception de nouveaux agents iodés pour l'imagerie TEMP des récepteurs 5-HT4". Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMC244/document.
Texto completo da fonteAlzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder affecting almost 50 millions people in the world. Even if the biological mechanisms implied on this pathology are known, no treatments stop or reverse its progression. Serotoninergic receptor 5-HT4R is one of the incriminated target and many ligands have been synthesized in order to develop an efficient treatment but a functionnal study of the brain is impossible. That’s why, development of efficient radiotracers is essential for the in vivo evaluation of new drugs targeting 5-HT4R and also for investigation of the receptor involvement in a variety of neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders. Starting from previsous studies made in the laboratory, a new generation of ligands, focused on diazaphenanthridine scaffold and with reduced lipophilicity, have been designed. Various hydrophilic functions have been introduced and 25 new ligands have been synthesized and biological assays have been realised. Five of this compounds have been radiolabeled and the in vitro imaging experiments on human slice brain showed the ability of the new « hit » compound to move the radioligand of reference and to label the 5-HT4R.Due to the difficulties encountered to the synthesis of tin precursors for the radiolabeling, a new strategy of radioiodation has been developed based on palladium mediated C-H activation. Using first N-tosylbenzamide as directing group for the proof of concept, the scope of this methodology have been enhanced to about fifteen directing groups. Finally, the C-H radioiodation have been applied to more complex biological molecules
Harthong, Steven. "Les phosphonatocavitands pour la conception de récepteurs chiraux et de capsules supramoléculaires". Lyon, Ecole normale supérieure, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ENSL0540.
Texto completo da fonteThe phosphonatocavitands are molecules which possess a lipophilic molecular cavity combined with several "hard" phosphorylated (P=O) binding sites that can be oriented towards the inside of the cavity. These particular cavitands show good binding properties towards alcohols, metal ions and more interestingly towards ammonium. They were hitherto synthetised in tretrafunctionnalized form by phosphorylated groups in stereochemistry i ; i made a synthesis path which allowed to obtain selectively di and trifunctionnalized compounds while maintaining the stereochemistry i of the bridges. I then demonstrated the formation of non covalent supramolecular capsules in solution, without any addition of substrates. The study of the capsules binding properties led to the building of a gyroscopic system. Subsequently these partially phosphorylated cavitands have been used so that new functionalities were added to them. I grafted a N-methylpicolium group to a triphosphonatocavitand to obtain, by self-assembling, a dimeric species. I noticed that the dinner could evolve in oligomeric species with a higher molecular weight in certain solvent conditions. The addition of a quinoxaline group or a different phosphoralyted group to a diphosphonatocavitand led to obtain chiral cavitands in racemic form by desymmetrization of the aromatic cavity. The first results obtained during chiral ammonium complexation experiment show an enantioselectivity, these cavitands could be used for selective recognition of ammonium or alcohol enantiomers. Eventually, mixed phosphoralyted cavitands, which possess both phosphoryl and thiophosphoryl groups, were prepared. Their binding properties have not been studied yet
Delangle, Pascale. "Conception et étude de nouveaux récepteurs de cations : hémisphérands et cavitands phosphorés". Lyon, École normale supérieure (sciences), 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ENSL0048.
Texto completo da fonteLandagaray, Elodie. "Conception, synthèse et évaluation pharmacologique d’antidépresseurs potentiels : ligands mixtes des récepteurs mélatoninergiques MT1/MT2 et des récepteurs sérotoninergiques 5-HT2c". Thesis, Lille 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL2S063/document.
Texto completo da fonteNowadays, depression related to a deficit in nonoaminergic neurotransmitters, is the most frequent mental illness. Available antidepressive drugs acting through monoamnergic mechanisms possess a lot of side effects and can lead to an addiction. One approach involves targeting melatoninergic receptors to resynchronize circadian rhythms, which are known to be perturbed in some pathology related to nervous central system as depression. So conception of non-monoaminergic ligands with chronobiotic properties would constitute a promising strategy.Agomelatine (Valdoxan®) a novel antidepressant developed by Servier and our laboratory (EA4481 - GRIIOT) was granted marketing authorization in 2009 for the treatment of major depressive disorder. This naphthalen analogous of melatonin possess an innovative mechanism. It acts as a non selective melatoninergic MT1/MT2 receptors agonist and a serotonin 5-HT2c receptor antagonist.The aim of this work is to design and synthesize new potential successors of agomelatine with an improved pharmacological and pharmacokinetic profile. Drug Design strategies such as bioisosterism were applied to allow the elaboration of new series of compounds with interesting pharmacological profiles
Charest-Morin, Xavier. "Conception et évaluation de ligands biotechnologiques pour les récepteurs B₁ et B₂ de la bradykinine et pour le récepteur PTH₁R de la parathormone". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25847.
Texto completo da fonteToczek, Tomasz. "Une approche fonctionnelle pour la conception et l'exploration architecturale de systèmes numériques". Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00665104.
Texto completo da fonteSalager, Laurent. "Conception en vue du durcissement des circuits intégrés numériques aux effets radiatifs". Montpellier 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999MON20030.
Texto completo da fonteLachand-Pascal, Valentin. "Approche centrée activité pour la conception et l'orchestration d'activités numériques en classe". Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSEI089.
Texto completo da fonteThe quantity and variety of digital devices available in schools is constantly increasing. However, educational uses have not followed this evolution. The limited use of digital may be explained by the difficulty in creating digital activities. We propose to combine concepts from research related to the creation and conduction of educational activities in the classroom, as well as work related to the conduction of digital activities in a more general way. We present the contributions and limitations of these two conceptual frameworks for the management of digital educational activities. We conducted interviews with teachers to understand how they create their digital activities and how they conduct them. When conducting activities in the classroom, teachers mainly encounter technical problems (unstable network, hardware limitations) and have to adapt their plans to deal with these problems. We propose an adaptable architecture to solve the technical problems. Our architecture allows the conduction of digital activities by taking into account the different constraints: the activities work with or without connection, on the different devices present in the classroom, and the architecture adapts to the infrastructures of the schools. This architecture is materialized in Toccata, an orchestration system allowing the creation and implementation of digital activities in the classroom. Toccata implements the design recommendations we identified. Finally, we identified interaction strategies to help teachers in the management of digital devices in the classroom. Through observations of middle school classrooms, we identified two main classes of tasks: content sharing and remote control of devices. Using an elicitation study, we found that control tasks are easier to perform than content sharing tasks, especially using a device worn like a connected watch. We found that the selection of content sharing devices remained particularly complex in terms of interaction. Our results open new possibilities for managing digital devices in the classroom. However, work is still needed on sharing, reusing, and redesigning digital activities
Jin, Xin. "Construction d'une chaîne d'outils numériques pour la conception aérodynamique de pales d'éoliennes". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0099/document.
Texto completo da fonteThis Ph.D. thesis presents some research work on aerodynamics of wind turbine blades, in order to dispose a conception chain necessary for different problems, which cannot be treated by one unique method. A simplified numerical toolkit (VALDAG) has been developed to optimize the performance of blades in different creteria. The simulation module use the Generalized Actuator Disc model, which relies on the solution of Navier-Stokes equations and completed with empiric corrections. This tool respects a reasonable compromise between model complexity and computational reliability. An automatic calibration mechanism was implemented using the Nelder-Mead Simplex algorithm. A web users interface (WUI) is also available to adapt VALDAG for industrial engineers. Optimization is then carried on by modifying the blades’ geometry parameters and the designs optimized is stocked in files which can be used for 3D simulation and/or visualization. The blade designed with VALDAG are then simulated by a 3D numerical tool to validate previous predictions. This 3D tool called NaSCar 3D is developed in INRIA and resolve Navier-Stokes equations on to a cartesian mesh, in which the immersed obstacles are considered with the Level-Set function and the penalization method. After some necessary adaptation for the treatment of blades’ geometry, a compromise on CFD configuration is found to simulate a wind turbine rotor. To conclude, this design toolkit VALDAG is low time-costly, user-friendly and efficient. Associated with 3D simulations, a conception chain has been established
Monsauret, Nelsy. "Etude et conception d'amplificateurs basse tension très large bande pour radiotéléphones portatifs". Limoges, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LIMO0030.
Texto completo da fonteGoossens, Jean-François. "Contribution à la conception de molécules agonistes du vasoactive intestinal peptide". Lille 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LIL10117.
Texto completo da fonteParallèlement, une approche moléculaire de la partie n-terminale du vip a été appréhendée tant sur le plan théorique (algorithmes, modélisation moléculaire) que sur le plan pratique (étude spectroscopique : diachroisme circulaire, résonance magnétique nucléaire). Cette approche nous a conduit à la conception puis à l'élaboration de structures capables de reproduire une partie de la conformation adoptée par le segment n-terminal (dérive de la pyrrolidinone et du pyrrole). Les résultats obtenus sur les lignées cellulaires de neuroblastome (la-n-2 et sk-n-sh) ont permis de montrer qu'une structure ordonnée rigide bis-pyrrole, substituée par un groupement benzylique (sur le noyau n-terminal), est capable de miner partiellement la séquence nt du vip
Iwanowski, Marcin. "Application de la morphologie mathématique pour l'interpolation d'images numériques". ENSMP, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ENMP1069.
Texto completo da fonteSomalo, Barranco Gloria. "Conception, synthèse et validation d'outils photo-pharmacologiques pour les récepteurs de la mélatonine". Thesis, Université Paris Cité, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UNIP5042.
Texto completo da fonteMelatonin (MLT) is a hormone that is primarily synthesized in the pineal gland, following a circadian rhythm with high levels in the night. MLT regulates many physiological functions, such as sleep, biological rhythms, immune responses, retinal physiology and pain. These effects are mediated by the activation of two members of the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family, MT1 and MT2 receptors, which couple preferentially to Gi/o subfamily proteins. MLT receptors are potential therapeutic targets, however, the mechanism by which they affect physiology is still unclear. There is an increasing interest in developing therapeutic tools targeting MLT receptors. One interesting approach is to design ligands whose activity can be modulated by light, as light can modulate physiological systems with a high spatiotemporal precision, low toxicity and safety. In this work, we described the synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of a novel family of melatonin receptor ligands with photo-activable properties, including photoswitches and caged molecules. Caged compounds are light-sensitive probes that covalently attach a photo-labile group into a biomolecule, rendering it inactive. Light triggers a photolytic reaction that releases the active molecule at the site of action. Following the caging strategy, we synthesized four compounds, which presented different photo-cleavable groups at the N1- position of MLT. We demonstrated that all ligands released active MLT with relatively high yields, and we evaluated then their binding affinity and capacity to inhibit cAMP production. As expected, they displayed an important decrease in binding affinity on both MT1 and MT2 before uncaging, and their potencies were correspondingly reduced. After illumination, the compounds showed excellent apparent pKi and EC50 values, in agreement with an efficient release of MLT. Among them, compound MCS-0382 showed the most interesting properties, displaying more than 1000-fold difference in affinity before and after photolysis. Once validated the uncaging methodology for melatonin receptors, we wanted to apply these tools to study the role of mitochondrial MT1 receptors. Therefore, MCS-0382 was used as a scaffold to generate a mitochondria-targeted compound. MCS-1145 presented similar properties to those of MCS-0382, in terms of uncaging efficiency, binding affinity and potency. Additionally, a BRET-based cAMP sensor (CAMYEL) was employed to monitor ligand-induced intracellular production of cAMP in real-time. Results with this assay confirmed the selective accumulation of MCS-1145 in the mitochondria and allowed us to see different responses in comparison to non-targeted MCS-0382. Furthermore, two photoswitchable compounds were synthesized. Photoswitches are molecules that reversibly isomerize between two isomeric forms upon illumination, leading to different biological effects. Following the azologization strategy, we incorporated an azo bridge to a non-indolic melatonin derivative ligand. Both compounds responded efficiently to light, however, only MCS-0468 presented significant differences in functional assays after illumination. Indeed, trans-MCS-0468 was inactive on ERK and cAMP pathways for MT1, while the cis-enriched form displayed a clear agonistic effect on both pathways. For MT2, light induced a potency loss of MCS-0468 on the inhibition of cAMP pathway, and no ERK activation was detected, neither before nor after isomerization. Interestingly, MCS-0468 did not induce beta-arrestin2 recruitment on MT1, thus behaving as a biased cis-on ligand for G protein-mediated pathways on MT1. In conclusion, we have developed and characterized the first photo-activable ligands for MLT receptors, presented as potential tools to study the mechanism of action of MT1 and MT2, their implication in physiological responses and the role of mitochondrial MT1 receptors
Pillement, Sébastien. "Méthodologies d'évaluation et de prototypage des systèmes numériques intégrés". Montpellier 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON20192.
Texto completo da fonteTahani, Abdelkrim. "Conception d'une antenne réceptrice omnidirectionnelle et multipolarisations dédiée aux récepteurs portables de radiomessagerie". Metz, 1995. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1995/Tahani.Abdelkrim.SMZ9521.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteThe receivers of radio-broadcasting in general and espacially those of paging receiver are equipped with essential element which is called the antenna. This element is defended as device of coupling between radiated wave in free space and the transmission line which leads to the receiver. In principle, such compact portable receivers use whether inductive antenna particulary sensitive at magnetic field, or capacitive antenna sensitive at electric field. The technological progress of such receivers results for the most part from conception and development of compact antenna less cumbersome characterised by a sensitivity less or equal to 35 dBuV/m. The essential objective of this work is to show the technical and industrial feasibility of a new type hybrid omnidirectionnel and multipolarisation antenna intends to paging receivers operational in frequency band II (87. 5 - 108 MHz). Two ideas are essential to achieve a such antenna : the first one consists in associating two antennas which were developed at TDF-C2R. It concerns one antenna with miniaturised magnetic core and loop in short circuit. The formed so a resultant antenna composed of two inductive antennas perpendicular. Both of then sensitive at magnetic field. The second consists of electronic system indispensable is the extraction of the signal caring the information. So, the system suggested presents a particular advantage which is based on its simplicity them on its cost and its reliability. The role of a such system is to ensure the total of a such system is to ensure the total of both signals shifted of 90°