Bibliografias temáticas / Declaration of Independence (United States)

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Literatura científica selecionada sobre o tema "Declaration of Independence (United States)"

Autor: Grafiati
Publicado: 4 de junho de 2021
Última modificação: 27 de julho de 2024

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Artigos de revistas sobre o assunto "Declaration of Independence (United States)"

1

Gogaev, Sanal Igorevich. "The role of Thomas Jefferson's political activity in the history of American statehood." Genesis: исторические исследования, n.º 1 (janeiro de 2023): 45–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-868x.2023.1.37249.

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The subject of the study is the results, results and consequences of the political activity of Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826). Jefferson was the author of the Declaration of Independence and the third president of the United States, considered one of the founding fathers of the United States. The first American president to hold the posts of Secretary of State, Vice President and President of the United States successively. The article examines the political ideas of Jefferson, who was one of the first political figures who spoke and justified the idea of separating its North American colonies from Great Britain. His political ideas and decisions as a statesman and politician were timely and brought much benefit to his country. As the author of the Declaration of Independence of the United States, he made a huge contribution to the creation of the United States. Its adoption meant the formation of a new state - the United States. For him, the principles of the declaration were to create a free American state based on the principles of democracy and civil liberty. The Declaration defined the social and legal status of a person in society. Declaring the people the only source of power, she put them on a par with the great ideologists of the Enlightenment. As Ambassador to France, he managed to secure a number of trade agreements with European countries. His merits as president undoubtedly lie in the acquisition of Louisiana and the establishment of diplomatic relations with Russia, as well as the pacification of relations with Great Britain.
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Bahmudov, Dzhamalutdin Magomedovich. "COMPARATIVE LEGAL DESCRIPTION OF THE US DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE AND THE DECLARATION OF HUMAN AND CITIZEN RIGHTS". Chronos 7, n.º 3(65) (13 de abril de 2022): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.52013/2658-7556-65-3-8.

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This article reveals the historical significance of the two most important legal acts of the United States and France through their comparison. In fact, they are the basis for the formation of the constitutional legislation of the two countries, and the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen is today an integral part of the French Republic. It also analyzes the reasons for the emergence of documents, the historical context and how they influenced the development of the statehood of the United States and France.
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Shalev, Eran. "“A Perfect Republic”: The Mosaic Constitution in Revolutionary New England, 1775–1788". New England Quarterly 82, n.º 2 (junho de 2009): 235–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/tneq.2009.82.2.235.

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Between the United States' declaration of independence and the country's attempt to construct a federal Constitution, a group of New England ministers proclaimed Israel's biblical history an exemplum for their republican and federal aspirations. Tracing this unique interpretive discourse, the essay underscores the importance of political Hebraism to the intellectual history of the early United States.
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York, Neil L. "Natural Rights Dissected and Rejected: John Lind's Counter to the Declaration of Independence". Law and History Review 35, n.º 3 (30 de maio de 2017): 563–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0738248017000268.

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James Oliver Robertson intended no sacrilege when he called the Declaration of Independence a sacred text, an essential component of what has become American “holy writ.” It is now venerated as a founding document of the national civil religion. The Declaration, Robertson emphasized, reflects an expectation that the new United States would becomethenation among all nations. As celebrated now, independence then provided the political means to achieve a social end, that social end being a better life for Americans, their new nation acting as an exemplar for the larger world. Or, as Stephen E. Lucas put it, the Declaration of Independence went through an “apotheosis,” through which, over the years, Americans have come to “see its original purpose in universal terms almost wholly divorced from the events of 1776.”
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Suny, Ronald Grigor, e Vicken Cheterian. "Making states and breaking states: Kosovo and the Caucasus in 2008: Introduction". Nationalities Papers 40, n.º 5 (setembro de 2012): 657–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00905992.2012.707461.

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Two events in 2008 shaped the political map of the Caucasus: the West's decision on the independence of Kosovo and the Russo-Georgian War. First, on 17 February, Kosovo authorities unilaterally declared the independence of what was at the time a UN protectorate. This declaration enjoyed much support in the West, including near-immediate recognition by key states such as the US, Germany, France, the UK, and a dozen others. But it also faced strong opposition from Serbia and Russia and strong skepticism from prowestern countries such as Georgia. Russia opposed not only the Kosovo declaration itself but more importantly the western adoption of it. From the Russian perspective, by supporting Kosovo's accession to sovereignty western states were violating the rules set at the moment of collapse of the federal states of Yugoslavia and the Soviet Union: to invite the former union republics to join the international clubs of sovereign states, but not extend such invitation to any other sub-units. In other words, Azerbaijan, Croatia, Kazakhstan, and Russia became members of the United Nations, but sub-entities like Chechnya, Kosovo, or Tatarstan did not receive the same recognition.
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Siburian, H. M. Sahat Radot. "Constitution Formulation and Amendment in Indonesian and American Legal System: A Comparative Study". Journal of Law and Legal Reform 3, n.º 1 (31 de janeiro de 2022): 39–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/jllr.v3i1.49536.

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The purpose of this study is to find out the comparison of constitutional law in Indonesia and the United States in terms of the development of the constitution and the mechanism for changing the constitution (UUD). The method used in this research is in the form of legal research. The type of research used for this approach is normative legal research. As in the United States constitution, Article V regulates how to amend the constitution. Meanwhile, in Indonesia, the mechanism for this change is regulated in Article 37 of the 1945 Constitution (UUD). The United States and Indonesia are countries that have adopted a presidential system of government with a republican form of government. In addition, the state institution authorized to make changes to the constitution of each country is the legislature. If in the United States the one who can amend the Constitution is the Congress consisting of the House of Representatives and the Senate, then in Indonesia the authority to make changes to the Constitution is the MPR, which includes the DPR and DPD. Then, the form of the constitution used by the two countries is the same as the Written Constitution. The existence of the United States Constitution is actually an effort to realize the principles stated in a Declaration of Independence (1776). The Declaration is based on French philosophical and English Enlightenment schools. The main purpose of the United States constitution is to guarantee the rights of the states.
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Maier, Harold G. "Preemption of State Law: A Recommended Analysis". American Journal of International Law 83, n.º 4 (outubro de 1989): 832–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2203372.

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The fundamental principles that guide determinations about the appropriate relationship between state and national authority in matters affecting the foreign affairs of the United States began to evolve even before the ratification of the Constitution in 1789. The centralization of governmental power in this field is reflected in microcosm in the three great state papers of the United States. The nation began in 1776 as “United Colonies” that were “Free and Independent States” under the Declaration of Independence; developed into a “firm league of friendship” under the Articles of Confederation in 1781; and became a “more perfect union” created by the people, not by its constituent political units, under the Constitution in 1789.
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Nte, Timothy Ubelejit. "The Burden of Recognition in the Unilateral Declaration of Independence by Kosovo". Global Journal of Political Science and Administration 11, n.º 1 (15 de janeiro de 2023): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.37745/gjpsa.2013/vol11n1119.

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Fourteen years after its Unilateral Declaration of Independence (UDI), Kosovo is not still an international legal personality. The major challenge that Kosovo has is neither recognition nor non-recognition but the withdrawal of recognition (WR) by countries that hitherto recognised it after the UDI. Evidently, the recognition of Kosovo has not only stagnated but it is retarding because of WR by some states. On 13 May 2022, Serbian Foreign Minister declared that there is WR by four additional countries bringing the total number of WR to twenty-two. The specific objective of the study is to evaluate the circumstances that precipitated the UDI of Kosovo and the reasons why its recognition is retarding. Accordingly, the study is guided by four research questions. The constitutive theory of statehood is the theoretical framework of the study. The study adopted the quality research methodology. The quagmire generated by the UDI of Kosovo compelled the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) to seek the advisory opinion of the International Court of Justice (ICJ). There are a couple of reasons why the recognition of Kosovo is stagnating. The most important reason is to forestall a dangerous precedent for other secessionist movements. Some states still hold tenaciously to the illegality of Kosovo’s UDI despite the ICJ’s ruling. On 30 July 2022, the Prime Minister of Spain declared that the UDI of Kosovo is a violation of international law. The study recommends that the United Nation should clearly spell out the conditions for secession and recognition of States.
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Smith, Brian G. "Myths and the American Nation: Jefferson’s Declaration and the development of American nationalism". Review of Nationalities 8, n.º 1 (1 de dezembro de 2018): 7–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pn-2018-0001.

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Abstract The USA as a multinational country of immigrants is nevertheless a fertile ground for competing nationalist ideologies and the consequently competing myth-building that surrounds the construction of national identity. The myth of the 1776 Declaration of Independence as an important founding document for domestic politics in the United States continues to spread through popular culture and academic textbooks. The claim of the Jefferson’s Declaration as an aspirational founding document helped establish a myth supporting creedal nationalism, but obscures the arc of the ideological debate over national identity.
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Zumkhawala-Cook, Richard. "The Mark of Scottish America: Heritage Identity and the Tartan Monster". Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies 14, n.º 1 (março de 2005): 109–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/diaspora.14.1.109.

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On 20 March 1998, the United States Senate unanimously adopted Resolution 155, declaring 6 April of each year National Tartan Day to celebrate the contribution of Scots in America over the centuries. Proposed by a Republican Majority Leader of Scottish descent, Trent Lott, and intended to establish the relationship between the two nations, the document harks back to Scotland’s revered 1320 statement of national independence, the Declaration of Arbroath: “the American Declaration of Independence was modeled on that inspirational document … Scottish Americans successfully helped shape this country in its formative years and guided this Nation throughout its most troubled times.” More than simply a pluralist call for the recognition of an ethnic culture in America, the document constructs a vision of shared national origins.
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Teses / dissertações sobre o assunto "Declaration of Independence (United States)"

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Ross, Jason. "The Declaration of Independence and the crisis of American identity". Connect to Electronic Thesis (CONTENTdm), 2008. http://worldcat.org/oclc/453941683/viewonline.

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Kahn, Verity Rebecca. "An American cosmogony : the mythical dimension of the Declaration of Independence". Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2017. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=235987.

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The Declaration of Independence commands a special status in American culture. For this reason, it has often been called mythic by Revolutionary historians and scholars of the Declaration alike. Such characterisations tend to be hastily made and pejorative, but the Declaration of Independence takes on a new significance when the characterisation of the Declaration as myth is studied seriously. For Americans, the Declaration serves both a specific and beneficial function which the mere naming of it as myth fails to identify. This identification of the Declaration as myth is one that draws specifically on ideas of the birth of the American nation and the role its authors had in creating that nation. Nowhere is this more obvious than the Declaration's continued use in American political rhetoric today which demonstrates its ever-constant presence as a living document. This understanding of the Declaration has heretofore remained unexplored. By taking the Declaration of Independence seriously as myth, this study looks to both identify the story of the myth of the Declaration and its function in American society by applying to it a theory of myth.
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Farshee, Louis M. (Louis Michael). "The United States' Recognition of Israel: Determinant Factors in American Foreign Policy". Thesis, University of North Texas, 1990. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500365/.

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This thesis examines the critical factors leading to the 1948 decision by the United States government to extend recognition to the newly declared State of Israel. In the first of five chapters the literature on the recognition of Israel is discussed. Chapter II presents the theoretical foundation of the thesis by tracing the development of Charles Kegley's decision regime framework. Also discussed is the applicability of bureaucratic structure theory and K. J. Holsti's hierarchy of objectives. Chapters III and IV present the empirical history of this case, each closing with a chapter summary. The final chapter demonstrates the relevance and validity of the theoretical framework to the case and closes with a call for further research into the processes of foreign policy decision-making.
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Hefner, Cody Nicholas. "An Evocation of the Revolution: The Paintings of John Trumbull and the Perception of the American Revolution". Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1259821977.

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Alberici, Thomas Anthony. "The untied state United States policy, Puerto Rican independence, and the independence movement /". Click here for download, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1495953601&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=3260&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Venable, Carol Frances. "An analysis of auditor independence and its determinants". Diss., The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184416.

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This study analyzes the concept of auditor independence and develops a theoretical model for examining an auditor's independence and the methods that can be used to assess, instill and maintain independence. In addition, this research reports the results of an empirical test of a portion of the model. In this work, independence is described as a multifaceted concept that includes both independence in appearance and independence in fact. By incorporating literatures from economics and sociology, relationships between these two forms of independence are developed to show that the observable structures and behaviors of the profession (independence in appearance) form the basis for implying the level of an individual auditor's independence (independence in fact). In this context, independence is operationally defined as: an auditor's perceived right to make audit judgments free from client and firm influences. The model further suggests that the observable structures of the profession form the socialization contexts for an individual's professional development. A survey of newly hired employees from five national accounting firms was conducted to examine the multidimensional aspects of auditor independence and the link between educational socialization processes and professional development. The results provide some support for the theoretical model and provide a basis for refining the linkages between educational socialization and professional development.
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Karagiannis, Anastasios. "The social-historical context of special education and mainstreaming in the United States from independence to 1990". Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=39780.

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This investigation explored special education and mainstreaming in the social-historical context of U.S. general formal public education and society from the American Revolution to 1990. Its main purpose was to examine the obstacles to and prospects of 'purposeful' mainstreaming in this wider context. First, special education was placed in the context of general education and society. Second, the objectives of general education were viewed historically to examine the influence of evolving societal conditions on special education. Third, the outcomes of PL 94-142 (Education for All Handicapped Children Act) from its passage to the late 1980s were explored in conjunction with the various models and practices of mainstreaming. Fourth, the meaning of the 1980s' 'excellence' reforms were scrutinized. It was found that: (1) the concept of 'society as primarily an economic entity' has had a decisive influence on the objectives of U.S. formal education and special education; (2) special education has functioned mainly as a means of educational amelioration and social control; (3) there have been three major waves of reform in special education arrangements in U.S. history--in the first two waves the element of social control outlasted the element of educational remediation; (4) the latest wave of special education reform, led primarily by the federal government and corporate business and targeting disadvantaged students and their families, has commenced since the 1960s; and (5) the principal mode of reform for the latest wave appears to be 'interagency collaboration' which has inherent elements of educational improvement and social control. Implications of these findings for 'purposeful' mainstreaming are discussed. Based on the suggestion that the obstacles to mainstreaming be situated in the wider social-historical context of the U.S. society, several recommendations are given for strategic planning and more meaningful reform.
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Strohm, Christiane Watrin Christoph. "United States and European Union auditor independence regulation implications for regulators and auditing practice /". Wiesbaden : Deutscher Universitäts-Verlag, 2006. http://site.ebrary.com/id/10231815.

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Maxwell, Nancy Kouyoumjian. "Hungering for Independence: The Relationship between Food and Morale in the Continental Army, 1775-1783". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2016. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc849718/.

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An adequate supply of the right kinds of foods is critical to an army's success on the march and on the battlefield. Good food supplies and a dire lack of provisions have profound effects on the regulation, confidence, esprit de corps, and physical state of an army. The American War of Independence (1775-1783) provides a challenging case study of this principle. The relationship between food and troop morale has been previously discussed as just one of many factors that contributed to the success of the Continental Army, but has not been fully explored as a single issue in its own right. I argue that despite the failures of three provisioning system adopted by the Continental Congress - the Commissariat, the state system of specific supplies, and the contract system - the army did keep up its morale and achieve the victory that resulted in independence from Great Britain. The evidence reveals that despite the poor provisioning, the American army was fed in the field for eight years thanks largely to its ability to forage for its food. This foraging system, if it can be called a system, was adequate to sustain morale and perseverance.
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Sauder, Muhlfeld Sharon M. "Ambiguous alliances: Native American efforts to preserve independence in the Ohio Valley, 1768-1795". W&M ScholarWorks, 2007. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539623331.

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"Ambiguous Alliances" examines the revolutionary era in the Ohio Valley from a Native American perspective. Rather than simply considering them as British pawns or troublesome mischief-makers, this account describes how Wyandots, Shawnees, Ottawas, Delawares, Miamis, and their native neighbors made decisions about war and peace, established alliances with Europeans, Americans, and distant Indian nations, and charted specific strategies for their political and cultural survival. They also suffered devastating personal and property loss and encountered significant disruption to their societal routines. Yet much about their daily lives remained unchanged, and their communities continued to foster a strong Indian identity.;This dissertation explores native objectives for the period 1768--1795, specifically looking at what the various nations were hoping to accomplish in their relationships with the British and the Americans. While preserving land and sovereignty were the Indians' clearest aims, this study also emphasizes that the underlying goal of protecting their rights and property was to retain their cultural distinctiveness. Furthermore, these twin objectives were inextricably linked. The Indians' ability to remain viable diplomatic partners with the Europeans depended on the maintenance of their landed independence.;Along with analyzing native objectives, this dissertation discusses Indian strategies to attain these goals and looks at how the Revolution assisted or hampered their execution. Some tribes actively recruited British or American allies; some attempted to remain neutral; others endeavored to form a united Indian front; and still others alternately extended their allegiance to both parties in an effort to secure both autonomy and protection.;Despite its heavy emphasis on native alliances and military maneuvers, this work also examines the Revolution's challenges to the rhythms of daily life. In addition to physical destruction, wartime agendas altered native.economic patterns and sometimes even invaded cultural practices, threatening to constrict gender roles for women or to prevent nations from adopting captives to replace their deceased relatives. Although the era's disruptions brought emotional distress, physical displacement, and political ambiguity, the tribes persisted in sustaining both their daily existence and their national identities.
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Livros sobre o assunto "Declaration of Independence (United States)"

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DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE. [Place of publication not identified]: ROSEN CLASSROOM, 2009.

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US GOVERNMENT. Declaration of Independence. [Indianapolis]: Office of the Attorney General, State of Indiana, 1986.

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The Declaration of Independence. Mankato, Minn: Bridgestone Books, 2002.

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Oberle, Lora Polack. The Declaration of Independence. Mankato, Minn: Bridgestone Books, 2002.

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Quiri, Patricia Ryon. The Declaration of Independence. New York: Children's Press, 1998.

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Hicks, Terry Allan. The Declaration of Independence. New York: Marshall Cavendish Benchmark, 2006.

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Hossell, Karen Price. The Declaration of Independence. Chicago: Heinemann Library, 2004.

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Mortensen, Lori. The Declaration of Independence. Minneapolis, Minn: Picture Window Books, 2009.

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McDaniel, Melissa. The Declaration of Independence. New York: Children's Press, 2012.

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The Declaration of Independence. New York: PowerKids Press, 2009.

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Capítulos de livros sobre o assunto "Declaration of Independence (United States)"

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Ball, Terence, Richard Dagger e Daniel I. O’Neill. "Declaration of Independence of the United States". In Ideals and Ideologies, 107–9. Eleventh Edition. | New York : Routledge, 2019. | “Tenth edition, published by Routledge, 2017”—T.p. verso.: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429286827-19.

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Mihr, Anja. "Human Rights Education and Human Rights in Central Asia". In Human Rights Dissemination in Central Asia, 31–45. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-27972-0_3.

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AbstractHuman rights education (HRE) is at once a tool, the means, and a method to empower individuals in human rights. The 2011 United Nations (UN) Declaration on Human Rights Education and Training (HRET) encourages stakeholders and learners to disseminate information about human rights norms to equip people with knowledge and understanding, instruments, and mechanisms—and ultimately with skills. According to the HRET Declaration, educators and trainers aim to empower people by means of their awareness regarding the mutual benefits of human rights compliance. But for that to happen, people must not only understand human rights, but also believe in them as tools and mechanisms to solve problems and improve their living environment. Human rights are universally shared moral values, such as friendship, solidarity, fairness, respect, and trust. Human rights treaties and agreements set the written legal and political frameworks for these values. They encompass legally and politically binding instruments and mechanisms to implement and enforce human rights which apply worldwide. One vital human rights instrument is the UN International Bill of Human Rights. This covers ten core treaties and declarations of human rights, the majority of which have been signed, ratified, and recognized by all five Central Asian states—Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Turkmenistan—since their independence from the Soviet Union in 1991. However, the extent to which these universal norms can be taught and taken as benchmarks to empower individual citizens depends largely on the political regimes, the capability, and the willingness of governments. The latter establish the framework that would allow civil society organizations (CSOs) to train people and to report on human rights violations. Governments also determine the extent to which human rights are incorporated in formal education and school curricula. None of the Central Asian countries has a National Action Plan for HRE, as requested by the UN, but some allow CSOs to conduct informal training.
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Blick, Andrew. "American Declaration of Independence". In Documents on the Nineteenth Century United Kingdom Constitution, 3–6. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780367816162-2.

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Mamatey, Victor S. "The United States and Czechoslovak Independence". In Czechoslovakia: Crossroads and Crises, 1918–88, 62–79. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-10644-8_4.

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Renken, Jason. "Responding to the Marrakesh Declaration with a United States Declaration". In Religion and Violence, 195–203. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-18302-8_13.

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Ray Chaudhuri, Ranajoy. "The United States of America". In Central Bank Independence, Regulations, and Monetary Policy, 21–55. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-58912-5_3.

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Wheeler, Russell. "Judicial Independence in the United States of America". In Judicial Independence in Transition, 521–65. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28299-7_13.

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Laforge, John. "United States Energy Independence-A Game-Changer". In Being Right or Making Money, 179–215. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119008620.ch7.

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Lyon, Peyton V. "Canada-United States Free Trade and Canadian Independence". In Rugman Reviews, 177–79. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-28787-8_61.

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Roadnight, Andrew. "Washington Forces Independence (January – December 1949)". In United States Policy towards Indonesia in the Truman and Eisenhower Years, 55–77. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781403913944_3.

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Trabalhos de conferências sobre o assunto "Declaration of Independence (United States)"

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Donohue, Mark. "Women’s Suffrage Movement Monument". In 109th ACSA Annual Meeting. ACSA Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.am.109.19.

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“There never will be complete equality until women themselves help to make laws and elect lawmakers.” – Susan B. Anthony Women’s struggle for equality is an issue that has persisted in the United States from its inception. At the first Women’s Rights Convention in Seneca Falls in July 1848, Elizabeth Cady Stanton proposed a revision to the Declaration of Independence stat¬ing “We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men and women are created equal.” This statement was included in “The Declaration of Rights and Sentiments” signed by 100 of the 300 attendees to the convention. One of the most conten¬tious and debated articles in the document they signed was women’s suffrage. If this was the beginning, it certainly wasn’t the end. For the next 54 years Stanton fought for the right for women to vote along side her long time colleague Susan B. Anthony. Neither one would see the day when their life’s work on the part of the women’s suffrage movement would come to fruition.
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Allen, R. H., R. J. Fijol, S. Szykman e R. D. Sriram. "Representing the Charters of Freedom Encasements in a Design Repository: A Case Study". In ASME 2001 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2001/cie-21292.

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Abstract We report on a case study representing, in an evolving design repository, the design essence of new encasements for the United States Charters of Freedom (CoF) — namely the Constitution, the Declaration of Independence and the Bill of Rights. Specifically redesigned for the purpose of housing and preserving our national documents, the nine encasements each consist of three principal systems — a sealing system, a placement system and a safeguarding system. The encasements were needed to replace the ones manufactured in the early 1950s, because of glass deterioration; these newer encasements are designed to last 100 years. To populate the design repository, we represent engineering geometry, function and associated behavior. We model geometry with digital photographs and Virtual Reality Markup Language (VRML) models of actual Computer-Aided Design (CAD) drawings, and represent function with linked textual descriptions. Design rationale is represented explicitly. Through an evolving user interface, this representation serves to capture the more than 50 parts and systems of the encasements in such a way that the information relating to form, function, behavior and rationale is accessible and browsable to interested parties via the Internet. We conclude that such a representation, or ones similar to it, can provide the basis for a generic design repository, in which specific information — including design rationale — can be readily accessed by interested parties.
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Buonamici, Gianfranco. "Hybrid Electric Drive Systems in the United States Navy". In ASME Turbo Expo 2021: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2021-03523.

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Abstract With an increasing instability and cost fluctuation in the world energy markets, it has become more important to increase the US Navy fleet’s overall fuel efficiency. The Navy’s Energy Program for Security and Independence sets forth goals to reduce its overall consumption of energy and decrease its reliance on petroleum. One way that helps accomplish these goals is through the use of hybrid electric drive systems to replace gas turbine engines to accomplish lower ship speeds. Although gas turbines are power dense and fairly efficient at full load, their fuel efficiency decreases drastically at the lower power levels used when slower speeds are required to accomplish the ship’s mission. It is in this lower speed range where operating gas turbine generators closer to their optimum efficiency levels and powering an electric motor saves a significant amount of fuel. This paper will discuss two in-service systems developed for various US Navy ships: the Hybrid Electric Drive (HED) system for DDG 103 and the Auxiliary Propulsion System (APS) for LHD 8 and LHA 7. It will describe each of the two configurations and their histories, how they are implemented and increase the capability of the ship, and the resulting fuel efficiencies that have been realized with their use.
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Ciugureanu-Mihailuță, Carolina. "Conceptual And Practical Approaches Regarding The Secession Of States Related To Positive International Law". In 27th International Scientific Conference “Competitiveness and Innovation in the Knowledge Economy”. Academy of Economic Studies of Moldova, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.53486/cike2023.73.

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Nowadays, secession, seen as a peaceful or violent process by which a part of the territory of an existing state breaks away from that state, seems to be a tendency of a global nature. The legal discussion regarding Kosovo's declaration of independence, as well as the act of "integration" of the Crimean peninsula into the Russian Federation, raises a whole series of questions, starting from the issue of the legality of secession, the process of state formation, the role international recognition and the extent to which the international community can intervene in such a process, the effectiveness of the present UN system. This article will be limited to the examination of some theoretical and practical aspects of secession, by reference to positive international law.
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Radomska, Ewa. "SCOTLAND’S INDEPENDENCE MOVEMENTS – THE MAIN CHALLENGES IN THE ECONOMIC SPHERE IN THE ASPECT OF POTENTIAL SEPARATION OF SCOTLAND FROM THE UNITED KINGDOM". In EU AND MEMBER STATES – LEGAL AND ECONOMIC ISSUES. Faculty of Law, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.25234/eclic/8991.

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Hall, Isabella, Nirmalya Thakur e Chia Y. Han. "Trends in Remote Learning-based Google Shopping in the United States due to COVID-19". In Human Interaction and Emerging Technologies (IHIET-AI 2022) Artificial Intelligence and Future Applications. AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe100851.

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The United States of America has been the worst affected country in terms of the number of cases and deaths on account of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) or COVID-19, a highly transmissible and pathogenic coronavirus that started spreading globally in late 2019. On account of the surge of infections, accompanied by hospitalizations and deaths due to COVID-19, and lack of a definitive cure at that point, a national emergency was declared in the United States on March 13, 2020. To prevent the rapid spread of the virus, several states declared stay at home and remote work guidelines shortly after this declaration of an emergency. Such guidelines caused schools, colleges, and universities, both private and public, in all the 50-United States to switch to remote or online forms of teaching for a significant period of time. As a result, Google, the most widely used search engine in the United States, experienced a surge in online shopping of remote learning-based software, systems, applications, and gadgets by both educators and students from all the 50-United States, due to both these groups responding to the associated needs and demands related to switching to remote teaching and learning. This paper aims to investigate, analyze, and interpret these trends of Google Shopping related to remote learning that emerged since March 13, 2020, on account of COVID-19 and the subsequent remote learning adoption in almost all schools, colleges, and universities, from all the 50-United States. The study was performed using Google Trends, which helps to track and study Google Shopping-based online activity emerging from different geolocations. The results and discussions show that the highest interest related to Remote Learning-based Google Shopping was recorded from Oregon, which was followed by Illinois, Florida, Texas, California, and the other states.
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Cho, Yee, John Goodhall e Susan Cahalan-Roach. "Independence from Fossil Fuel Usages in Northeastern United States: Important Tasks for a Sustainable Geothermal Pilot Well Project". In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2010. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41114(371)410.

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Dagnelie, Gislin. "Testing Vision Beyond Legal Blindness: Early Beginnings of a Visual Function Test Battery". In Vision Science and its Applications. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/vsia.1998.fc.5.

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Retinal degenerative diseases place a severe burden on the quality of life of over 100,000 young and working age individuals, and seriously threaten the independence and health of several million elderly persons in the United States alone.
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Parsova, Velta, Anda Jankava, Siim Maasikamae e Audrius Aleknavicius. "Assessment of results of reorganization of land relations in Baltic States". In 21st International Scientific Conference "Economic Science for Rural Development 2020". Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Economics and Social Development, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/esrd.2020.53.025.

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After the collapse of Soviet system, immediately after declaration of independence, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania decided to initiate land reform within the framework of agrarian reform. The defined general objectives of land reform were: to establish a fairer system of property and use rights, to create conditions for intensity and productivity increasing of land use, to strengthen the rights of lessors and tenants, to grant land to those who wish to cultivate or otherwise use the land. However, the legislation and administrative systems of separate Baltic States were different, so the objectives and tasks of land reform, as well as the measures and methods for implementing the land reform, were different. The aim of the article is to compare and evaluate the land ownership reform processes in Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania, to analyse their legal security, the objectives, tasks, process and procedures of the reform, as well as the results obtained. In order to find out the situation and to make comparative judgments and conclusions, in research mainly document analysis and monographic or descriptive method haves been used. The positive role of land reform in all Baltic States is the restoration of land ownership, which has led to more targeted and intensive use of land in agriculture and other sectors. Land reform has created the preconditions for initiative and action of landowners in market economy. An additional effect is the development and implementation of state-of-the-art real estate registration systems in administration of each state. The article also analyses the shortcomings and problems encountered during the reform.
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Тимонин, М. А. "EPISODES OF THE PAMPHLET WAR: EXPERIENCE IN STUDYING CONSTITUTIONAL AND LEGAL PREREQUISITES INDEPENDENCE OF THE USA". In ИНСТИТУТЫ ЗАЩИТЫ ПРАВ ЧЕЛОВЕКА И ГРАЖДАНИНА В ИСТОРИИ РОССИИ. Crossref, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56777/lawinn.2023.27.52.016.

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Актуальной задачей отечественной историко-правовой науки на современном этапе ее развития является выработка нового взгляда на предысторию США. Целью работы является анализ процесса формирования конституционно-правовых предпосылок независимости США, в том числе, борьбы колонистов за неукоснительное соблюдение одного из принципов британской конституции на территории Северной Америки, выраженного лозунгом - нет налогов без представительства. Исследование позволило выявить незавершенность британского конституционного права на всех его уровнях, включая право самой метрополии и её колоний. Чем и воспользовались лидеры американских патриотов, которые к своей выгоде использовали как неустойчивость, так и неопределенность правоотношений, сложившихся между имперским центром и колониями. An urgent task of the national historical and legal science at the present stage of its development is to develop a new look at the prehistory of the United States. The purpose of the work is to analyze the process of formation of the constitutional and legal prerequisites for the independence of the United States, including the struggle of the colonists for strict observance of one of the principles of the British Constitution in North America, expressed by the slogan - no taxes without representation. The study revealed the incompleteness of British constitutional law at all its levels, including the law of the metropolis itself and its colonies. This was what the leaders of the American patriots took advantage of, who used to their advantage both the instability and the uncertainty of the legal relations that had developed between the imperial center and the colonies.
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Relatórios de organizações sobre o assunto "Declaration of Independence (United States)"

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Hills, Thomas, Gus O'Donnell, Andrew Oswald, Eugenio Proto e Daniel Sgroi. Understanding Happiness: A CAGE Policy Report. Editado por Karen Brandon. The Social Market Foundation, janeiro de 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31273/978-1-910683-21-7.

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Everyone wants to be happy. Over the ages, tracts of the ancient moral philosophers – Plato, Aristotle, Confucius – have probed the question of happiness. The stirring words in the preamble to the Declaration of Independence that established ‘Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness’ as ‘unalienable Rights’ served as the inspiration that launched a nation, the United States of America. Yet, more than 240 years later, the relationship between government’s objectives and human happiness is not straightforward, even over the matters of whether it can and should be a government aim. We approach this question not as philosophers, but as social scientists seeking to understand happiness through data. Our work in these pages is intended to enhance understanding of how the well-being of individuals and societies is affected by myriad forces, among them: income, inflation, governance, genes, inflation, inequality, bereavement, biology, aspirations, unemployment, recession, economic growth, life expectancies, infant mortality, war and conflict, family and social networks, and mental and physical health and health care. Our report suggests the ways in which this information might be brought to bear to rethink traditional aims and definitions of socioeconomic progress, and to create a better – and, yes, happier – world. We explain what the data say to us: our times demand new approaches. Foreword by Richard Easterlin; Introduced by Diane Coyle.
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Albert, Blace C. United States Energy Policy: Security Not Independence. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, março de 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada589037.

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Doty, Pamela. Cash and Counseling: Self-directed home and community long-term care. Inter-American Development Bank, abril de 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004857.

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Cash and counseling provides an allowance that recipients can use to purchase home- and community-based long-term care services instead of receiving them from an agency. This scheme gives beneficiaries the choice and independence to self-direct the implementation of their preferred long-term care plan, using an assigned budget, under the supervision of a counselor. One feature of this program is that recipients can choose between hiring a professional or a family member as a caregiver. The objective of this document is to explore how cash and counseling works, with examples of interventions in the United States, and how it is relevant for policy-making in Latin America and the Caribbean.
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Chandrasekhar, C. P. The Long Search for Stability: Financial Cooperation to Address Global Risks in the East Asian Region. Institute for New Economic Thinking Working Paper Series, março de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36687/inetwp153.

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Forced by the 1997 Southeast Asian crisis to recognize the external vulnerabilities that openness to volatile capital flows result in and upset over the post-crisis policy responses imposed by the IMF, countries in the sub-region saw the need for a regional financial safety net that can pre-empt or mitigate future crises. At the outset, the aim of the initiative, then led by Japan, was to create a facility or design a mechanism that was independent of the United States and the IMF, since the former was less concerned with vulnerabilities in Asia than it was in Latin America and that the latter’s recommendations proved damaging for countries in the region. But US opposition and inherited geopolitical tensions in the region blocked Japan’s initial proposal to establish an Asian Monetary Fund, a kind of regional IMF. As an alternative, the ASEAN+3 grouping (ASEAN members plus China, Japan and South Korea) opted for more flexible arrangements, at the core of which was a network of multilateral and bilateral central bank swap agreements. While central bank swap agreements have played a role in crisis management, the effort to make them the central instruments of a cooperatively established regional safety net, the Chiang Mai Initiative, failed. During the crises of 2008 and 2020 countries covered by the Initiative chose not to rely on the facility, preferring to turn to multilateral institutions such as the ADB, World Bank and IMF or enter into bilateral agreements within and outside the region for assistance. The fundamental problem was that because of an effort to appease the US and the IMF and the use of the IMF as a foil against the dominance of a regional power like Japan, the regional arrangement was not a real alternative to traditional sources of balance of payments support. In particular, access to significant financial assistance under the arrangement required a country to be supported first by an IMF program and be subject to the IMF’s conditions and surveillance. The failure of the multilateral effort meant that a specifically Asian safety net independent of the US and the IMF had to be one constructed by a regional power involving support for a network of bilateral agreements. Japan was the first regional power to seek to build such a network through it post-1997 Miyazawa Initiative. But its own complex relationship with the US meant that its intervention could not be sustained, more so because of the crisis that engulfed Japan in 1990. But the prospect of regional independence in crisis resolution has revived with the rise of China as a regional and global power. This time both economics and China’s independence from the US seem to improve prospects of successful regional cooperation to address financial vulnerability. A history of tensions between China and its neighbours and the fear of Chinese dominance may yet lead to one more failure. But, as of now, the Belt and Road Initiative, China’s support for a large number of bilateral swap arrangements and its participation in the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership seem to suggest that Asian countries may finally come into their own.
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Toward a Declaration on Future Generations. Blavatnik School of Government, janeiro de 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-pb_2023/001.

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A United Nations report, Our Common Agenda, commissioned for the international body’s 75th anniversary, proposes for states to issue a Declaration on Future Generations as a way to address the ongoing and urgent overlapping crises of the present and the deeper drivers such as climate change, technological and demographic transitions, and persistent underdevelopment. Such a Declaration should firstly define future generations, and secondly delimit a list of issues that affect them such as sustainability, responsible development of emerging technology, management of existential risks, and long-term development. Additionally, countries should create a ‘voice’ for future generations in the UN system, such as a Special Envoy or High Commissioner, as well as a forum in which nations can share experiences regarding how to better safeguard future generations in their domestic systems. This can serve as a critical catalyst for broader changes in human governance.
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