Teses / dissertações sobre o tema "Demonstração contábil"
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Noriller, Rafael Martins. "Relação dos indicadores macroeconômicos com os componentes das demonstrações contábeis das empresas de capital aberto da América Latina". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2018. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/31982.
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Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar a relação entre os componentes das demonstrações contábeis das empresas de capital aberto da América Latina e variáveis macroeconômicas. O trabalho utilizou modelos econométricos com dados em painel, estimados no período de 2010 a 2016. Os modelos econométricos foram especificados de modo a capturar o impacto de variáveis macroeconômicas (PIB, Taxa de Cambio e Taxa Real de Juros) sobre os componentes das demonstrações contábeis (Ativo Total, Patrimônio Liquido, Receita Liquida e Resultado Liquido). Para tanto, foram desenvolvidos três artigos, sendo um ensaio teórico e duas pesquisas empíricas. O ensaio teórico apresentou aspectos teóricos e empíricos associados às relações entre variáveis macroeconômicas e retornos acionários, bem como entre aquelas e componentes das demonstrações contábeis. Por seu turno, as pesquisas empíricas evidenciaram o impacto das variáveis macroeconômicas no retorno acionários e nos componentes das demonstrações contábeis das empresas de capital aberto latino-americanas, seja de forma agregada, seja na forma de segregação por setores empresariais. Na forma agregada, ficou evidente a causalidade da taxa de cambio, taxa real de juros e PIB sobre o Ativo Total, Patrimônio Liquido, Receita Liquida e Resultado Líquido, com exceção da causalidade da taxa real de juros sobre o Resultado Líquido. Considerando a segregação por setores empresariais, ficou caracterizado o impacto diferenciado das variáveis macroeconômicas nos componentes das demonstrações contábeis, em que o PIB, a Taxa Real de Juros ou a Taxa de Cambio influenciaram de forma significativa pelo menos um dos componentes das demonstrações contábeis empresariais no recorte setorial. Conclui-se que as variáveis macroeconômicas impactam os componentes das demonstrações contábeis empresariais das empresas latino-americanas. Também é possível afirmar que a conjuntura macroeconômica impacta de forma distinta os componentes das demonstrações contábeis empresarias, considerando a segregação por setores empresariais.
This study aims to analyze the relationship between the components of the financial statements of publicly traded companies in Latin America and macroeconomic variables. The study utilized econometric models with panel data estimated in the period from 2010 and 2016. The econometric models were specified to capture the impact of macroeconomic variables (GDP, the Exchange Rate, and the Interest Rate) on stock returns and on components of financial statements (Total Assets, Shareholders' Equity, Net Revenues and Net Earnings). Accordingly, three articles were developed, a theoretical essay and two empirical papers. The theoretical essay presents theoretical and empirical aspects associated with the relationships between macroeconomic variables and stock returns, as well as between the former and components of financial statements. On the other hand, the empirical papers quantify the impact of macroeconomic variables on stock returns and components of financial statements of Latin American public companies, either in aggregate form or segregated by business sectors. In the aggregate form, the causality of the exchange rate, real interest rate and GDP on Total Assets, Shareholders' Equity, Net Revenue and Net Earnings became evident, except with respect to the causality of the interest rate on Net Earnings. Considering the segregation by business sectors, the differential impact of the macroeconomic variables on the components of the financial statements was demonstrated, in which GDP, the Interest Rate, and the Exchange Rate had a significant influence on at least one of the components of the corporate financial statements in the sectoral disaggregation. We conclude that the macroeconomic variables impact significantly the components of the corporate accounting of Latin American companies. It is also possible to say that the macroeconomic situation has a distinct impact on the components of the business accounting statements, considering the segregation by business sectors.
Almeida, José Elias Feres de. "Qualidade da informação contábil em ambientes competitivos". Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12136/tde-29112010-182706/.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis investigates the influence of firms competitive environment, measured by the degree of competition, on the quality of financial statements. To measure the quality of the accounting numbers, I used four metrics that capture different properties of accounting information: value relevance, timeliness, conditional conservatism and earnings management. Studies of the quality of accounting information have identified that firms with enhanced corporate governance practices (strong mechanisms) disclose more reliable accounting numbers (LOPES, 2009). Furthermore, market competition exercises a disciplinary influence on executives discretionary power (FAMA, 1980) and firms with better performance and lower agency costs tend to have higher share prices (MANNE, 1965). Therefore, market competition can influence the quality of accounting information. Although the literature is still incipient, researchers have identified the influence of competition on two of the accounting properties analyzed here: earnings management (MARCIUKAITYTE; PARK, 2009; TINAIKAR; XUE, 2009) and conservatism (DHALIWAL et al, 2008). Since competition can improve the quality of the accounting information disclosed based on the tenets of industrial organization and the perspective of Stiglitz and Nalebuff (1983) on comparative valuation, a higher level of competition in an industry should increase the flow of information on firms and facilitate comparison with peers, disciplining the accounting choices of executives. To investigate this conjecture in the Brazilian setting, I used the accounting data from a sample of companies listed on the São Paulo Stock Exchange (Bovespa, now BM&FBovespa) in the period from 1996 to 2006 to construct the variables of the models to measure value relevance, timeliness, conservatism and earnings management, along with other variables considered in the models (corporate governance, dual-listing through ADRs, size, growth opportunities, leverage and the Herfindahl index, which measures the level of competition). Since the structure of the data (unbalanced panel) and the variable of interest competition capture factors of industries (sectors), I used clustered regressions with robust standard errors in the industries. The results obtained in general indicate that firms in highly competitive industries do not have more relevant accounting numbers, while they are more timely in their disclosures and more conservative in the accounting practices followed. The results also indicate there is no effect of competition on earnings management. Finally, the interaction of high competitiveness and the adoption of enhanced corporate governance practices appears to reduce the discretion of management in disclosing accounting numbers, thus improving the quality of firms accounting figures.
Barbosa, Mayara Bezerra. "Natureza dos resultados abrangentes determinantes das mudanças em índices de análise econômico-financeira nas demonstrações contábeis". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2014. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/18437.
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O estudo tem como objetivo conhecer a natureza dos resultados abrangentes (RA) contabilizados no patrimônio líquido das companhias e os reflexos nos índices de estrutura de capital e rentabilidade decorrentes de seus reconhecimentos nas demonstrações contábeis. Com relação à metodologia, fora utilizada, inicialmente, a análise de conteúdo das notas explicativas das companhias que fizeram parte da amostra, sendo essa 175 empresas não financeiras listadas nos segmentos de governança corporativa da BM&FBovespa, que tenham publicado suas demonstrações contábeis relativas ao exercício findo em dezembro de 2013. Após, calculou-se os índices de estrutura de capital e rentabilidade das referidas empresas, e esses foram reconstruídos excluindo-se os resultados abrangentes reconhecidos no patrimônio líquido, sendo posteriormente comparados. Os testes estatísticos Kolmogorov-Smirnov (K-S) e Wilcoxon foram utilizados para verificar, respectivamente, a normalidade dos dados e a existência de significância quanto aos reflexos decorrentes do reconhecimento dos RA. A análise possibilitou conhecer dez naturezas de resultados abrangentes, estando essas distribuídas nas três principais contas patrimoniais, quais sejam: Ajuste de Avaliação Patrimonial, Ajustes Acumulados de Conversão e Outros Resultados Abrangentes. Os resultados indicam que são reconhecidos valores relevantes em algumas empresas referentes a resultados abrangentes em relação ao PL e estes interferem substancialmente nos resultados dos IEF, aumentando ou diminuindo a estrutura de capital disponível para financiar a empresa e a rentabilidade obtida dos negócios, sendo estes reflexos de saldos acumulados positivos ou negativos presentes nos RA que representam resultados não realizados no período. O teste de Wilcoxon permitiu identificar que existem diferenças significativas entre os indicadores do Giro do PL, Participação de Capital de Terceiros, Passivo sobre o total de recursos (CT + CP) e Dívida Financeira sobre o PL, calculados na forma tradicional de seus índices e após, recalculados. Somente o Return on Equity (ROE) não apresentou diferença significativa. ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT
The study aimed at knowing the nature of comprehensive income (RA) recorded in equity of companies and reflections by in capital structure index and profitability arising from its recognitions in the accounting statements. With respect to methodology, out initially used the content analysis of the explanatory notes to the companies that were part of the sample, and these 175 non-financial listed companies in the corporate governance segments of the BM&FBovespa, who have published its accounting statements for the year ended in December 2013. After, we calculated the capital structure indices and profitability of these companies, and these were reconstructed excluding comprehensive income recognized in equity, and subsequently compared. Statistical tests Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS) and Wilcoxon were used to verify, respectively, the normality of the data and the existence of significance how much the reflexes of recognition of RA. The analysis made it possible know ten natures of comprehensive income when these distributed in the three principal equity accounts, as follows: Equity Adjustment, Cumulative Translation Adjustments and Other Comprehensive Income. The results indicate that relevant values are recognized in some companies relating to comprehensive income in relation to PL and these interfere substantially the results of IEF, increasing or decreasing the capital structure available to fund the company and the profitability earned business, and these reflections positive or negative balances accumulated present in RA that represent unrealized results in the period. The Wilcoxon test allowed to identify that there are significant differences between the indicares of the PL Giro, Third Capital Participation, passive over the total resources (CT + CP) and financial debt on equity, calculated in the traditional way its indexes and after, recalculated. Only the return on equity (ROE) presented no significant difference.
Graziella, Oliveira de Almeida Santos do Nascimento Suênia. "Utilização da demonstração do valor adicionado como ferramenta estratégica de avaliação: um estudo exploratório nos sindicatos brasileiros". Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2011. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/5136.
Texto completo da fonteCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Esta pesquisa buscou investigar até que ponto os sindicatos utilizam como parâmetro as informações contábeis, notadamente a Demonstração do Valor Adicionado (DVA), para avaliar a distribuição da riqueza das empresas, as quais seus filiados são empregados, e assim ter um instrumento estratégico no momento da convenção ou do acordo coletivo. Para tanto, foram enviados questionários para 167 sindicatos e entidades de sindicais e obteve-se 53 questionários válidos. Assim, a amostra foi composta por respondentes localizados nos Estados de São Paulo, Minas Gerais, Santa Catarina, Bahia, Amazonas, Rio Grande do Norte, Pernambuco e Rio de Janeiro. Os dados foram coletados por meio entrevistas, no Estado de Pernambuco, e pela aplicação de questionários semi-estruturados, enviados via correspondência para os demais Estados. A análise foi realizada com base na análise de conteúdo das entrevistas e na análise estatística. O tratamento estatístico que foi utilizado refere-se à análise descritiva e inferencial dos dados, com uso do Teste Qui-Quadradro, Teste Exato de Fisher e Teste de Hipóteses. Utilizou-se ainda a análise multivariada dos dados, com auxílio da Análise de Correspondência Múltipla (ACM). Os achados revelam que a maioria dos respondentes possui conhecimento, ainda que parcial, sobre as demonstrações contábeis e que apenas 19% dos sindicatos e entidades sindicais pesquisados desconhecem totalmente a DVA. Verificou-se que quase metade dos respondentes não possui acesso às demonstrações contábeis e que apenas 9% possui pleno acesso e pela análise de conteúdo de algumas declarações, constatou-se que eles são insatisfeitos quanto ao acesso que possuem às demonstrações contábeis. A pesquisa demonstrou que a maioria dos sindicatos e entidades sindicais pesquisados não utilizam os demonstrativos contábeis durante as negociações. Pôdese constatar, por meio de suas afirmativas, que muitas vezes não as utilizam porque não conseguem decifrar os dados e torná-los informações úteis durante o processo de campanha salarial. Pelo teste de hipótese, pôde-se afirmar que quando os sindicatos e entidades sindicais possuem acesso às demonstrações, ainda que parcialmente, eles tendem a utilizá-las à medida que possuem acesso. O estudo concluiu que quase 90% dos respondentes acreditam na utilidade da Demonstração do Valor Adicionado como instrumento estratégico nas negociações trabalhistas
Telles, Samantha Valentim. "Divulgação da informação contábil sobre depreciação: o antes e o depois da adoção das IFRS". Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12136/tde-13032014-174332/.
Texto completo da fonteGiven its origins in the code law, the Brazilian Accounting was rules-based and much influenced by tax rules. With the adoption of the IFRS, it was expected that the Accounting would get closer to its economic essence. However, it is possible to find studies that point to the existence of evidences of the permanence of the use of certain aspects of the previous Accounting. At the same time, with the adoption of the international rules, depreciation has gotten a greater importance given the fact that nowadays the companies have greater freedom to define its values. Therefore, the main goal of this study was to analyze the evolution of the presentation, in the annual financial statements, of the information about the depreciation of property, plant and equipment in Brazil. To do so, it was analyzed through Content Analysis the standard financial statements of the biggest public companies listed in BM&FBOVESPA that had property, plant or equipment and/or depreciation expenses from 2006 to 2012. The final sample had 74 companies - i.e., 518 observations - and the period was divided in three: before, during and after the adoption of the IFRS. The results have shown that the tax rates levels of use were, in general, bigger before the adoption of the new rules. On the other hand, even though the environment before the adoption was more favorable to the use of these tax rates, some companies already used other rates in this period. It was verified that after the adoption, the average rates began to be used and the companies that used rates intervals to some assets were always the same ones. Thus, over the years, the depreciation rates almost did not change in all the analyzed assets groups. But, after the adoption and especially in 2010, the companies have increased this level of revision. However, in 2011 and 2012 there was a new decrease in this level to every analyzed asset. Some companies, 2.51% of the studied sample, did not present the calculation method before, during and after the adoption of the international rules. Similarly, some companies did not present the information about accumulated depreciation and depreciation expenses by class of property, plants and equipment (14.48% and 57.92%, respectively), even with the requirement of the CPC 27. Finally, before the IFRS, the accumulated depreciation was presented in the calculus of the net value of property, plants and equipment; and after, it began to be presented inside the reconciliation of the carrying amount, along with the depreciation. It is possible to conclude that the Notes have suffered considerable changes, especially after the adoption of the IFRS, but residues of the previous culture remain, since the use of tax rates, through the low level of rates revision, until the non-presentation of mandatory information. Therefore, it is possible to assert that many companies still have to completely adequate themselves to the new rules regarding to depreciation, by providing more information to the users, because only after that they will be capable of using it for their investment decision making.
Santos, Vânia Arcelino dos. "Um modelo de análise fundamentalista de ações de instituições financeiras brasileiras". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2017. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/24547.
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As informações dos demonstrativos contábeis são muito importantes para os investidores e constitui uma das formas de eles conhecerem a situação da empresa na qual pretendem investir. Nesse sentido, o presente estudo tem como objetivo verificar se os indicadores fundamentalistas, índices de análise de balanços e variáveis macroeconômicas são capazes de explicar uma porção significativa do retorno de ações das instituições financeiras brasileiras. A amostra da pesquisa constituiu-se de 33 ativos de 20 instituições bancárias atuantes no Setor Financeiro brasileiro, com demonstrativos financeiros trimestrais no período de 2006 a 2015. Os dados da pesquisa foram obtidos a partir da base de dados Economatica®, e nos sites do Banco Central do Brasil – BCB, da Comissão de Valores Mobiliários – CVM e do Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada – Ipea. Foi empregada a técnica de regressão de dados em painel, através dos modelos pooled e efeitos fixos, para testar as 21 variáveis levantadas como fundamentais no retorno acionário das instituições financeiras brasileiras. Foram estimados três modelos econométricos, sendo o primeiro composto apenas por ações ordinárias, o segundo apenas com ações preferenciais e o terceiro composto pelo conjunto total de ações ordinárias e preferenciais das instituições analisadas. Como resultado verificouse que cada modelo apresentou um número diferente de variáveis explicativas ao retorno acionário. Os resultados apontaram que: (i) a variação dos ativos totais, a rentabilidade do patrimônio líquido e o Produto Interno Bruto impactam positivamente o retorno das ações preferenciais e no modelo em conjunto de ações ordinárias e preferenciais; (ii) a variação do capital de giro próprio e o índice preço valor patrimonial são negativamente correlacionados ao retorno acionário das ações preferenciais e no modelo em conjunto de ações ordinárias e preferenciais; (iii) o índice de Basiléia é negativamente correlacionado ao retorno das ações ordinárias e preferenciais em conjunto; (iv) a variação patrimonial por ação é positivamente significativa na estimação do retorno das ações ordinárias; (v) o índice preço lucro é negativamente correlacionado ao retorno das ações ordinárias; (vi) a variação cambial é negativamente significante para o retorno das ações ordinárias e preferenciais em conjunto; (vii) o risco país é positivamente correlacionado ao retorno das ações ordinárias e preferenciais em conjunto; e (viii) o retorno do índice Ibovespa e a variação da taxa básica de juros Selic são positivamente correlacionadas ao retorno acionário nos três modelos analisados.
The information contained in financial statements is very important to investors and it is one of the ways they may become aware of the situation of a company they intend to invest in. Accordingly, the present study is aimed at verifying if fundamental indicators, balance sheet ratios and macroeconomic variables are jointly capable of explaining a significant portion of stock returns of Brazilian financial institutions. The research sample consists of 33 assets belonging to 20 banking institutions operating in the Brazilian Financial Sector, with quarterly financial statements for the period from 2006 to 2015. The sample data were obtained from the Economatica® database, Banco Central do Brasil - BCB, the Comissão de Valores Mobiliários - CVM, and the Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica e Aplicada - Ipea. We used panel data regression methods with pooled and fixed effects panels, to test the 21 variables chosen as potential explanatory variables affecting the return of Brazilian financial institutions. Three econometric models were estimated, the first being composed only with common shares, the second only with preferred shares and the third composed with the total set of common and preferred shares of the analyzed institutions. As a result, we found that each model presents a different set of explanatory variables affecting stock returns. The results have shown that: (i) changes in total assets, ROE and GDP impact positively the return of preferred shares and the return of common and preferred shares taken together; (ii) changes in own working capital and the equity price to book value index are negatively correlated to the stock return of the preferred shares and the return of common and preferred stock taken together (iii) the Basel ratio is negatively correlated to the return of common and preferred shares taken together; (iv) changes in book value per share is positively significant in the estimation of the return of the common shares; (v) the price-earnings ratio is negatively correlated to the return of the common shares; (vi) changes in the exchange rate are negatively significant for the return of the common and preferred shares together; (vii) country risk is positively correlated to the return of common and preferred shares together; and (viii) the return of the Ibovespa index and changes in the Selic interest rate are positively correlated to the stock return in the three models analyzed.
Amorim, Ana Luisa Gambi Cavallari de. "Análise da relação entre a informação contábil e o risco sistemático". Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12136/tde-19052010-113804/.
Texto completo da fonteThe efficient market hypothesis and CAPM brought the concept of the new relevant information has an immediate effect on the stock price, changing expectations about their risk, market beta (HENDRIKSEN, VANBREDA, 1999, p. 184). According to the reality, this study was conducted to investigate whether the accounting betas have a relationship with its systemic risk, calculated using the market beta, and if market betas and accounting betas have the same components, so beta accounting can cooperate in estimating the risk of a company. To conduct the study were selected 97 companies, of BMF&BOVESPA, from 15 economic sectors, between the period, 1st quarter of 1995 to the 3rd quarter of 2009. We used 6 different types for market beta and 468 betas and variables accounting, totaling 2808 correlation coefficients. This study used statistical tools such as the Pearson Correlation, Data Analysis Panel, the Principal Components Analysis and Canonical Correlation. The results indicated that the ratio for most versions of accounting betas were few significant or even nonexistent, however, 27 have pointed accounting betas relationship with market betas. Also, it was established that some accounting betas can explain the market beta and can do so in advance, and may also improve market beta prediction. It was noted that some accounting betas are common factors and that these may be correlated with the factors of market beta. Although the research has identified the existence of statistically significant relationship between market betas and some accounting betas, not found a relation for the most accounting betas.
Cunha, Jacqueline Veneroso Alves da. "Demonstração contábil do valor adicionado - DVA : um instrumento de mensuração da distribuição da riqueza das empresas para os funcionários". Universidade de São Paulo, 2002. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12136/tde-04072006-110008/.
Texto completo da fonteMaking available to its users information about the relations between companies and society is one of the great challenges for Accounting as an information vehicle. The Social Balance Sheet in general and the Statement of Value Added SVA as one of its complements appear as the instruments capable of demonstrating the economic as well as social aspects, thus innovating on what had been focused until then, which turns them into the richest statements for verifying these relations. Nevertheless, in spite of their informative power, none of them has been used as expected. Demystifying what is said about them, actually, the use of the Social Balance Sheet and the SVA does not correspond to what is desired, neither in Brazil nor abroad. Thus, a research was realized in 198 companies that were taken from FIPECAFIs Melhores e Maiores database for the Magazine Exame. This survey aimed to evaluate the verifying power of the SVA with respect to information about companies wealth formation and its distribution to those economic agents that helped to create it, such as proprietors, partners and shareholders, government, external financiers, employees and the company itself. Through the information provided in the SVA, a specific attempt was made to evaluate the existing relation between the variation in created wealth and employees remuneration. During this study, some observations could be made, such as: between 1996 and 2000 which is the period under analysis the average amount of employees in the companies that made up the sample fell in the industrial as well as service areas, which demonstrated the highest negative variation in value added distributed to the employees; in one and the same year, the companies considered as the largest wealth generators were no part of the list of those companies that most distributed value added to employees; in some companies, sectors or activity fields, the relation between wealth evolution and distributed value added per employee turned out negative, which demonstrates that, while one of the variables increased, the other revealed exactly the opposite behavior. At the end of the study, it could be affirmed that the indicators taken from the SVA make up an excellent means of evaluating wealth distribution, which is available to accounting, although without any intent to substitute or even compete with other, already existing wealth indicators.
Colauto, Romualdo Douglas. "Metodologia para evidenciar a influência de accruals no lucro contábil por meio da demonstração de origens e aplicações de recursos". Florianópolis, SC, 2005. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/handle/123456789/102283.
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Os accruals no lucro contábil, usados no sentido de provisões e estimativas, representam os elementos do resultado que, embora pelo Regime de Caixa já tenham sido efetivados, ainda não se atribuem na apuração pelo regime de competência. O lucro contábil, considerado um importante indicador para delinear o desempenho da eficiência empresarial, representa uma das preocupações da divulgação das informações contábeis aos tomadores de decisões. No entanto, as demonstrações contábeis não prevêem alternativas para evidenciar objetivamente os componentes dos accruals a seus usuários. Nesse sentido, o objetivo geral do estudo é delinear uma proposta teórico-metodológica para evidenciar a influência de accruals no lucro contábil por meio da Demonstração de Origens e Aplicações de Recursos. Com base no quadro referencial da tese são apresentadas as fases da metodologia para evidenciar a influência de accruals no lucro contábil, bem como é delineada a estrutura da Demonstração de Origens e Aplicações de Recursos para destacar os accruals. Para constatação de evidências empíricas, utilizou-se como população-alvo as Sociedades Anônimas Abertas apresentadas entre as 500 Maiores e Melhores Empresas, segundo critério da Revista Exame na edição de 2003. A amostra extraída da população foi do tipo intencional não probabilística, com 54 empresas representativas de onze setores. Entre os resultados observou-se que o poder explicativo e a qualidade do lucro contábil são aumentados com os ajustes dos accruals, pois estes provocam alterações no resultado do período que não influenciam, simultaneamente, no fluxo financeiro das atividades operacionais das empresas. Coeficientes de correlações entre o resultado contábil do período ajustado pelos accruals e a variação do capital circulante líquido não apresentaram homogeneidade nos setores observados, mas denotaram significância estatística. Conclui-se que a proposta para evidenciar os accruals no lucro contábil permite identificar as variáveis que alteram os recursos captados nas atividades operacionais e não interferem imediatamente no fluxo de recursos financeiros.
Collatto, Dalila Cisco. "Estudo sobre o nível de aderência à NBC T 10.19 de entidades beneficentes de assistência social, mantenedoras de instituições de ensino superior no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul: um enfoque na evidenciação contábil". Universidade do Vale do Rio do Sinos, 2006. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/2807.
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As Normas Brasileiras de Contabilidade orientam as instituições sem fins lucrativos a publicarem suas demonstrações contábeis, bem como a complementarem as informações em notas explicativas. Tendo por base esse fato, desenvolveu-se esse estudo que objetivou comprovar o nível de aderência às normas contábeis e às regulamentações específicas da filantropia e do ensino superior por parte das Entidades Beneficentes de Assistência Social - EBAS que atuam na educação superior no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. O estudo foi realizado por meio da pesquisa exploratória, pois visou proporcionar melhor compreensão do tema estudado. Para tanto, os dados necessários para análise foram coletados nas publicações das demonstrações contábeis do exercício de 2004 e tabulados visando a identificar a evidenciação obrigatória e o número de itens de evidenciação, em conformidade com o item 10.19.3.3 da NBC T 10.19, configurando também uma pesquisa documental. Após a análise dos dados, concluiu-se que: (a) a evidenciação de natureza o
The Brazilian Accounting Standards suggest that non profit making organizations should publish their account figures and complement these with information in explanatory notes. Working from this fact this study has been developed with the objective of demonstrating the degree of compliance to the accounting standards and the specific regulations concerning philanthropy and higher education of the Social Welfare Providing Entities (Entidades Beneficentes de Assistência Social) - EBAS that are active in higher education in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. The study required exploratory research, given that its goal was to provide a better understanding of the subject studied. To this end the data required for analysis was collected from the published accounting figures for the year 2004 and tabulated with the intent of identifying the obligatory evidencing conforming to item 10.19.3.3 of the Brazilian Accounting Standards T 10.19, which also constituted documentary research. After the analysis of the data it was
Pereira, Alexandre Demetrius. "A auditoria externa e as demonstrações contábeis no direito comercial". Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2132/tde-15032013-095535/.
Texto completo da fonteThe external audit of financial statements is one of the most important instruments in market development, to add credibility and security to the financial information provided by economic agents seeking to attract resources from the investor public. The national legal doctrine, however, contrary to what occurs in other countries, has relegated the study of the subject to a secondary role, almost national works not covered in detail, leaving fully under the domain of accountant science. This attitude causes a hivingoff lawyer of the circumstances in which the audit develops, causing, by lack of understanding of the peculiarities of the subject, inadequate application of many institutes to a specific reality occurs and, often, different from that for which these institutes were designed. As the subject covers Law and Accounting, we intend to do a joint approach to enable the communication of both science and share the problems that the theme displays. Passing across the nature of the main audit institutes, their relationship and importance in the economy, the legal characteristics of the agreement, their obligations, the contracting parties and third parties, your ledger development and relationship with the corporate governance systems. In addition, we verify the current trends regarding the system of auditor\'s civil liability and risk, widely discussed internationally.
Martinewski, André Luís. "Estudo comparativo dos modelos de reconhecimento dos efeitos inflacionários sobre as demonstrações contábeis usados nos países do Mercosul". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/31360.
Texto completo da fonteThis analysis is a contribution to the study of the inflation effects upon financial statements and to the uniformization efforts of the accounting procedures taking place throughout the MERCOSUL countries. Its main objective is to present the ways of dealing with inflation effects upon financial statements adopted by the MERCOSUL countries: Argentina, Brazil, Paraguai and Uruguai. A revision of the theoretical foundations of Accounting, a discussion on the validity of the informations provided by the Traditional Accounting, and an analysis of the alternative methods for establishing the statements in floating prices situations have been made. Afterwards, the procedures utilized by each one of the MERCOSUL countries have been analyzed vis-à-vis the subject, as well as the treatment given to such themes by both the academic and professional communities. In the conclusions, it is highlighted as being positive the adoption of relatively advanced accounting procedures by Argentina, the attempt at unifying the accounting norms by the four countries, and the relative uniformity of the ideas among researchers in Argentina Brazil and Uruguai having in sight the definition of an adequate accounting model; as a negative aspect, it has been indicated the difference between the procedures adopted by big enterprises and those adopted by small ones.
Martinewski, Andre Luis. "Estudo comparativo dos modelos de reconhecimento dos efeitos inflacionários sobre as demonstrações contábeis usados nos países do Mercosul". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/31360.
Texto completo da fonteThis analysis is a contribution to the study of the inflation effects upon financial statements and to the uniformization efforts of the accounting procedures taking place throughout the MERCOSUL countries. Its main objective is to present the ways of dealing with inflation effects upon financial statements adopted by the MERCOSUL countries: Argentina, Brazil, Paraguai and Uruguai. A revision of the theoretical foundations of Accounting, a discussion on the validity of the informations provided by the Traditional Accounting, and an analysis of the alternative methods for establishing the statements in floating prices situations have been made. Afterwards, the procedures utilized by each one of the MERCOSUL countries have been analyzed vis-à-vis the subject, as well as the treatment given to such themes by both the academic and professional communities. In the conclusions, it is highlighted as being positive the adoption of relatively advanced accounting procedures by Argentina, the attempt at unifying the accounting norms by the four countries, and the relative uniformity of the ideas among researchers in Argentina Brazil and Uruguai having in sight the definition of an adequate accounting model; as a negative aspect, it has been indicated the difference between the procedures adopted by big enterprises and those adopted by small ones.
Maciel, Flávia Fonte de Souza. "Escolhas contábeis na demonstração dos fluxos de caixa no contexto do mercado de capitais brasileiro". Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12136/tde-18012016-160228/.
Texto completo da fonteBrazilian accounting standards establish some classification options in the Statement of Cash Flows (SCF), specifically the cash flows related to interest, dividends and interest on capital paid and received. Such cash flows can be classified in the SCF in three different activities: operating (FCO), investment (FCI) or financing (FCF). This flexibility of classification, on the one hand, allows the disclosure of a more accurate information, since the presentation of SCF can be adapted to the specific circumstances of each company. On the other hand, it makes room for opportunistic behavior by allowing choice of which option to generate the most suitable information. This study aims to identify incentives related to the characteristics of non-financial companies in the Brazilian capital markets, which influenced the choices of classification of interest, dividends and interest on capital in the SCF, from 2008 to 2014. The resultant hypothesis from the objective refer to: cash flows classification according to the encouragement of the CPC 03; identification of a possible standardization of classifications in SCF among companies with similar features (same sector or audit firm); relationship between classification shift of the interest paid with the change of auditor; and, the effect on the FCO of the classification choice of interest, dividends and interest on capital in the SCF, according to financial characteristics and performance of companies. For the measurement purposes of the effect on the FCO, the paragraph 34A of CPC 03 is taken as reference, which encourages the classification of interest received or paid, dividends received and interest on capital received as FCO; as well as dividends paid and interest on capital paid as FCF. For analysis of that effect, panel data and two regressions with the following dependent variables have been adopted: 1) the difference in reais between the disclosed FCO and the amount that the FCO would be if the options encouraged by the CPC 03 had been followed; and, 2) the classification choice of interest paid (dummy). The interest paid was considered because, among alternatives, it is that which increases the FCO if the classification recommended by the CPC is not followed. With a sample of 352 companies, 2.290 reports analyzed and 3.764 data collected, the results show that: i) the most Brazilian companies follow the classifications encouraged by CPC 03, except those related to dividends/interest on capital received; ii) some sectors followed a predominant classification in all items or part of them that allow flexibility of presentation in SCF; iii) there are prevalent classifications for companies with certain audit firms; iv) classification shift of the interest paid occurred regardless of the change of auditor; and, v) there is evidence that the debt influences the disclosure of an FCO in an different amount than if the CPC classification recommendation had been followed. The achieved results provide evidence on the relationship between characteristics of Brazilian companies and the FCO released due to the choice of classification in the SCF.
Nascimento, Denise Fernandes. "Análise de características determinantes das escolhas contábeis na demonstração dos fluxos de caixa em empresas da América Latina". Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2018. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/8499.
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The cash flow statement is a very important report for accounting users and is one of the ways to provide information about the changes that occur in so-called net assets, financial structure and the ability of companies to change their resources, which moments will be required to receive receipts and payments in the entities in order to adapt to the different situations and opportunities (IAS 7). In this sense, the present study aims to analyze, in a general way, the characteristics associated to the accounting choices in the cash flow statement of open companies in Latin America. The research sample consisted of 565 publicly-held companies, financial and non-financial, with annual cash flow statements for the period 2012 to 2016. The survey data were obtained from the Thomson Reuters® database and Economática ® and on the websites of Brazil, Chile and Peru. The logistic regression technique was used to test the seven variables raised from the literature on the subject. We estimated fourteen econometric models, all of them composed by the dependent variable corresponding to the accounting choices allowed for the DFC. The results showed that: (i) the variables: size, company, indebtedness, profitability, negative operating cash flow and BP are not determinants of accounting choices; (ii) most companies do not follow the classification encouraged by IAS-7.
A DFC é um relatório relevante para os usuários da contabilidade pois constitui uma das formas de proporcionar informações sobre as mudanças que ocorrem nos denominados ativos líquidos, na estrutura financeira e na capacidade das empresas em modificarem seus recursos, e ainda em quais momentos serão necessárias movimentações de recebimentos e pagamentos nas entidades a fim de se adaptarem às diversas situações e oportunidades (IAS 7). Nesse sentido, o presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar, de modo geral, as características associadas as EC na DFC de empresas abertas da América Latina. A amostra da pesquisa se constituiu de 565 empresas de capital aberto, financeiras e não financeiras, com demonstrativos de fluxos de caixa anuais no período de 2012 a 2016. Os dados da pesquisa foram obtidos a partir da base de dados Thomson Reuters®, e Economática® e nos sites das bolsas do Brasil, Chile e Peru. Foi empregada a técnica de regressão logística, para testar as sete variáveis levantadas a partir da literatura sobre o assunto. Foram estimados quatorze modelos econométricos, todos compostos pela variável dependente correspondente as EC permitidas para a DFC. Os resultados apontaram que: (i) as variáveis: tamanho, da empresa, endividamento, rentabilidade, fluxo de caixa operacional negativo e BP não são determinantes das escolhas contábeis; (ii) a maioria das empresas não seguem a classificação mencionada na IAS-7.
Justo, Gabriela. "Controle social das obrigações dos órgãos governamentais : análise da demonstração dos fluxos de caixa". Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2017. http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/6859.
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Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os resultados de caixa dos Estados, da União e do Distrito Federal através das informações colhidas na publicação da Demonstração dos Fluxos de Caixa nos balanços anuais, entre 2012 e 2015 em consonância com processo de Convergência da Contabilidade Aplicada ao Setor Público. A pesquisa contemplou duas etapas, sendo uma de caráter qualitativa e outra quantitativa. A abordagem qualitativa foi realizada por meio de pesquisa documental das Prestações de Contas Anuais de Governo publicadas em meio eletrônico nos portais de Transparência dos Estados, do Distrito Federal e da União. Na abordagem quantitativa, os valores encontrados foram trabalhados com base nas técnicas de estatística descritiva e análise das demonstrações contábeis, em especial análise da demonstração dos fluxos de caixa. Foi avaliado o nível de adesão dos entes às Normas Brasileiras de Contabilidade aplicadas ao setor público no tocante à publicação das Demonstrações dos Fluxos de Caixa (DFC) e constatado o baixo nível de adesão à publicação da DFC nos Estados das Regiões; Norte, Nordeste e Centro-oeste. Das entidades que fizeram suas publicações, foi analisada a capacidade de geração de fluxos de caixa com relação às obrigações de manutenção dos serviços e necessidade de investimentos. Os resultados mostram que a maioria está com dificuldade em gerar fluxos de caixa positivo nas atividades operacionais, suficiente para atender às atividades de investimentos, precisando recorrer a financiamentos para cobrir os déficits. Por fim, como produto técnico final, tem-se um relato da situação de geração de caixa dos Estados Federados, do Distrito Federal e da União que pode servir de base para novas investigações a fim de identificar as possíveis causas das dificuldades de geração de caixa encontrada. Palavras chave: Transparência. Evidenciação. Demonstrações contábeis. Convergência. Contabilidade Aplicada ao Setor Público.
Neto, Alfredo Sarlo. "Relação entre a estrutura de propriedade e a informatividade dos lucros contábeis no mercado brasileiro". Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12136/tde-22042009-143539/.
Texto completo da fonteThis present study consists on examining the effects of the ownership structure over the informativeness of the accounting earnings which are disclosed by traded companies in the Brazilian stock market. Informativeness is about measuring how intense is the relation between accounting earnings and stock prices considering the angular coefficient of the probable straight line between these two variables. The research focus on the specific influence of two ownership structure´s characteristics: the concentration of the vote rights and the divergence between the rights of the shares (vote versus cash flow) on the accounting earnings informativeness. Analyzing the Brazilian market, this study considerate the use of the different practices of corporative governance to reduce the influence of the concentration of vote rights and the divergence between rights on the accounting earnings informativeness. It also approaches the difference of the informativeness between accounting earnings and dividends, caused by the divergence between the rights of the shares (vote versus cash flow). The relevance of this study, in the Brazilian reality, meets in the fact that the Brazilian market, different from other developed markets, is the typical concentration of the vote rights at the hands of a few shareholders, plus the deviation between the rights to vote and cash flow through emission of preferential shares. The relation between the informativeness of the accounting earnings and the concentration of votes and the divergence among rights was based on the entrenchment and the alignment effects. Its methodology was based on the studies made by Fan and Wong (2002) and Francis et. al. (2005) in Asian southwestern market and the American market. The definition of the largest ultimate owner was used. The sample used in the research was formed by the no-financial companies listed in the São Paulo Stock Exchange (Bovespa) during the years of 2000 the 2006. There were three approaches: pooled, fixed effect and random effect. The results show that the concentration of the vote rights has a negative influence on the accounting earnings informativeness. Concerning the divergence between rights, the negative influence was confirmed partially. However, as an unexpected result, the divergence between rights has positive influence on the accounting earnings informativeness. When the divergence between rights is taken into consideration within the excess of votes, it becomes clear its negative influence over the accounting earnings informativeness. This evidence suggests that the divergence among rights can influence negatively the informativeness only when the largest ultimate owner has the majority (>50%) of the vote rights. The most negative impact on the accounting earnings informativeness was observed when the combination of the concentration of votes with the divergence between rights occurs. Concerning the different practices of corporative governance as the reducing element of the influence of the concentration of votes and the divergence between rights over the accounting earnings informativeness, it was not confirmed. At last, comparing informativeness of accounting earnings and dividends, evidences emerged: (i) when the divergence for rights were conditioned, there was a difference in statistics between informativeness of accounting earnings and dividends, and (ii) whereas, unexpectedally, under the influence of the divergence within rights, accounting earnings informativeness increased and informativeness dividends decreased.
Almeida, Regina Santos. "Análise da demonstração do fluxo de caixa e seus indicadores em companhias representativas no espaço aéreo brasileiro". Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2016. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/19533.
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The publication of the Law 11.638/2007, replaces the statement of sources and uses of funds by the statement of cash flows (DFC). At first the research presents the concept, the objectives of financial statements with a greater emphasis on the statement of cash flow, the research object, with its components from operating activities, investing and financing, the development of methods of demonstration we discuss the cash flow and demonstrates the viability of the financial analysis based on DFC were calculated and interpreted the extracted quotients of reports published by companies available on the Anac website, Azul Airlines, Avianca Brazil, Gol Linhas Aereas and TAM Airlines, for two consecutive years of 2014 and 2013. the indexes are classified into four categories: 1st category quotients box cover, 2nd quotients category of quality of the result, 3rd quotients category Capital expenditures and 4th category returns of cash flows, whose purpose varies the evaluation of the enterprise liquidity to determine the cash return rates
A publicação da lei nº 11.638/2007 substitui a demonstração das origens e aplicações de recursos pela demonstração de fluxos de caixa (DFC). A princípio, a pesquisa apresenta o conceito e os objetivos das demonstrações contábeis com ênfase maior na demonstração de fluxo de caixa – objeto da pesquisa – e seus componentes da atividade operacional de investimento e financiamento. Aborda os métodos de elaboração da demonstração do fluxo de caixa e demonstra a viabilidade da análise financeira com base na DFC. Foram calculados e interpretados os quocientes extraídos dos relatórios publicados pelas companhias Azul Linhas Aéreas, Avianca Brasil, Gol Linhas Aéreas e TAM Linhas Aéreas, disponíveis no site da Anac, para dois anos consecutivos; 2013 e 2014. Os índices são classificados em quatro categorias: 1ª quocientes de cobertura de caixa; 2ª quocientes de qualidade do resultado; 3ª quocientes de dispêndios de capital e 4ª retornos do fluxo de caixa, cuja finalidade varia a avaliação da liquidez do empreendimento até a determinação das taxas de retorno de caixa
Prux, Junior Jaime Luiz. "Assimetria informacional e precificação das ações das empresas negociadas na bolsa de valores de São Paulo : evidências a partir da faculdade de divulgar demonstrações contábeis em moeda constante a partir de 1996". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/1989.
Texto completo da fonteThe hypothesis of this dissertation led to investigate whether the disclosure policy of inflation adjusted accounting statements, which is adopted by publicly held companies from 1996, can significantly influence the stock pricing process. The empirical results highlighted that the way accounting statements of publicly held companies are disclosed ( either completely, partly or not adjusted for inflation) causes significant effects on the behaviour of stock prices. Companies which disclosed fully inflation adjusted accounting statements presented stock returns significantly different from the other two groups of companies ( partly or not adjusted for inflation accounting statementes). On the other hand, these last two groups did not present any significant difference as to the behaviour of their stock returns.
Nakayama, Wilson Kazumi. "Divulgação de informações sobre operações de combinação de negócios na vigência do pronunciamento técnico CPC 15". Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12136/tde-06122012-161505/.
Texto completo da fonteThe aim of this work has been to analyze the disclosure of information on business combination carried out in Brazil in the year 2010 and to assess the factors that influence the level of disclosure. From the year 2010 onwards the provisions of the CPC-15 - Business Combinations statement started its effects. CPC 15 is related to the IASB international standard IFRS 3 - Business Combination, that provides the information must be disclosed in a business combination operation. Although CPC-15 determines the compulsory information that should be disclosed, it was observed that there are differences in the level of information disclosed between companies. To analyze the level of disclosure of information about the operations an index of disclosure of a business combination (INDCOMB) has been built, based on information that companies should disclose according to the CPC-15. Then the factors which influenced the level of disclosure was analyzed using multivariate regression. The dependent variable is the index INDCOMB and the following factors has been analyzed to assess the influenced on the disclosure level: the acquirer size, the percentage of goodwill recognized relative to the value of the transaction, the acquirer free float, the auditing firm size and the acquirer participation on ADRs (American Depositary Receipts). As control variables the listing status of acquirer on the special segments of BM&FBOVESPA, its sector of activity, the source (state, private domestic capital or private foreign capital), the acquired relative size regarding the acquiring company was used. Business combination of 40 public companies involved in 76 operations has been analyzed. The results suggest that auditing firm size and the relative size of the acquired company are factors that influence the level of disclosure of information on a business combination. The other factors did not show conclusive results, according this work.
Wink, Eduardo. "A distribuição de riqueza ao capital e ao trabalho em entidades brasileiras por meio da demonstração do valor adicionado – DVA – no período de 2008 a 2012, São Leopoldo – RS". Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, 2014. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/4756.
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O objetivo desta dissertação foi analisar a geração e distribuição do valor adicionado produzido por entidades brasileiras, no período de 2008 a 2012, aos grupos envolvidos na sua criação: Capital, somados os de Terceiros e os Próprios, e Trabalho, por meio da Demonstração do Valor Adicionado (DVA). Para tanto, selecionaram-se cinquenta companhias de dezessete setores, presentes no ranking da revista Exame Melhores e Maiores, edição 2012. A investigação utilizou-se de métodos presentes na abordagem quantitativa e qualitativa de pesquisa objetivando explorar e responder a pergunta: Como tem se comportado a geração e distribuição de valor adicionado ao capital, de terceiros e próprios, e ao trabalho, no período de 2008 a 2012, em entidades brasileiras abertas? O nível de geração de valor adicionado das entidades analisadas oscilou verificando-se grande amplitude entre o que mais transformou – o setor de Serviços com média de 73% da receita transformada em valor adicionado – e o que menos agregou – o setor de Química e Petroquímica com 13% – resultando na diferença de 60% entre os dois setores. No que se refere ao número de funcionários da amostra, as companhias empregaram anualmente 1.187.337 pessoas em média, crescendo 32% no decorrer do período, o que pode explicar a crescente participação dos trabalhadores no valor adicionado gerado. Essas pessoas participaram da geração de riqueza, em termos monetários de R$428 bilhões ao ano ou, valor adicionado per capita médio de mais de R$360 mil. As companhias da amostra direcionaram mais valor adicionado aos capitais, no entanto, a parcela destinada aos trabalhadores cresceu mais e de forma estável, reduzindo-se historicamente a diferença. Das 50 entidades analisadas, 32 destinaram mais valor adicionado aos capitais, e 18 aos trabalhadores. Entre os 17 setores, apenas 4 destinaram mais aos funcionários. Mediante os achados desta pesquisa, é possível concluir que a DVA apresenta-se como um adequado instrumento para análise e comparação da geração e da distribuição do valor adicionado entre os agentes de trabalho e de capital.
The aim of this thesis is to analyze the generation and distribution of added value produced by Brazilian entities from 2008 to 2012, to the groups involved in its creation: Capital, including third-party capital and the entities’ own one; and Work, shown in the Value Added Statement (VAS). Fifty companies, from seventeen different sectors, present in the Exame Melhores e Maiores magazine, 2012 edition, were selected for this purpose. The researched applied both quantitative and qualitative methodology in order to approach and answer the question: How have the generation and distribution of added value to capital (including third-party and own), and to work behaved, between 2008 and 2012, in Brazilian open capital entities? The level of added value generation in the analyzed entities has oscillated, showing the biggest variation in the Service sector, with an average of 73% of revenue turned into added value – and the smallest variation in the Chemical and Petrochemical sector with 13%, resulting in a difference of 60% between the two sectors. Regarding workforce, these companies employ an average of 1.187.337 people yearly, with an increase of 32% in the period. That explains the growing participation of employees in the added value generated. Those people are part of wealth generation, translated into R$428 billion a year, meaning an average added value of R$360 thousand per capita. The companies in the sample have channelized more added value to capital, however the share destined to workers have risen in a more steadily way, reducing the historical difference. 32 from the 50 analyzed entities have addressed more added value to capital, whereas 18 of them, to workers. Among the 17 sectors, only 4 have given more to their employees. With the findings from this research it is possible to conclude that VAS is a suitable instrument for analyzing and comparing the distribution of added value between working agents and the capital.
Lopes, Carlos Fabio de Araujo. "Previsão de insolvência a partir de indicadores contábeis da demonstração dos fluxos de caixa : comparação entre o modelo tradicional e o modelo dinamico de avaliação FINANCEIRA FORTALEZA 2018". Universidade de Fortaleza, 2018. http://dspace.unifor.br/handle/tede/108306.
Texto completo da fonteWhereas the traditional model of financial analysis brings some static comparison of the company¿s financial situation in a particular moment in time when measuring the liquidity between current assets and liabilities, the company¿s cash flow dynamics demonstrates the organization¿s payment capability through measuring the entries and exits of resources. The cash flow analysis determines how the resources are generated and employed provoking changes in the variables of the dynamic model, more particularly in cases of liquidity. Those resources are directly linked to company¿s capability to meet its commitments through resources availability. The objective of this work is to present a dynamic model of financial analysis for Brazilian companies listed in Sao Paulo¿s stock exchange (Bolsa de Valores, Mercadorias e Futuros de Sao Paulo - BM&Fbovespa). This particular model is based on indexes extracted out of cash flow statements in order to investigate whether there is considerable anticipation of insolvency or there is only a possibility of that may happen. The companies considered in this work were those insolvent ones listed on BM&FBOVESVA which filed requests of receivership in the whole of 2017 as well as those healthy ones in the same market segment of the unhealthy. The research data covers the period between 2013 and 2017 and the applied methodology was based on the Linear Discriminant Analysis method as well as in the dynamic model of financial analysis based on DFC¿s indexes. In the insolvency year, when the companies filed requests of receivership, the Kanitx model classified 66,7% of the companies as insolvent whereas the Altman model pointed that 91,7% were insolvent. Furthermore, the dynamic model highlights that 75% of those companies were insolvent and 25% were in liquidity risk. The dynamic model clearly pointed out fluctuations in the shortterm financials of companies and the impact on their cash flows as they moved gradually from solvency or liquidity risk status to an eminent receivership situation. The research results have shown that the dynamic model presents a good predictable capability on liquidity status of companies through detecting their poor short-term financials and their movement towards receivership in the first period of analysis. In this fashion, the developed and applied dynamic model met the research problem which was to predict insolvency issues using a method that covers simultaneously the behavior and timing evolution of the liquidity using indexes from DFC in opposition to the traditional models of insolvency predictions.
Enquanto o modelo tradicional de avaliação financeira traz uma comparação estática da situação patrimonial da empresa em um determinado momento ao medir a liquidez a partir da relação entre Ativos Circulantes e Passivos Circulantes, a dinâmica do fluxo de caixa da empresa demostra efetivamente a capacidade de pagamento de uma organização por medir as entradas e saídas de recursos. A análise do fluxo de caixa especifica como os recursos são gerados e consumidos, provocando mudanças nas variáveis do modelo dinâmico, sobretudo na situação de liquidez já que estão diretamente ligados à capacidade da empresa em honrar seus compromissos, através da disponibilidade de recursos. Desta forma o objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar um modelo dinâmico de análise financeira para empresas brasileiras listadas na Bolsa de Valores, Mercadorias e Futuros de São Paulo (BM&FBOVESPA), baseado em indicadores extraídos da Demonstração dos Fluxos de Caixa a fim de verificar se há maior antecipação da previsão de insolvência, ou a possibilidade de que ela possa ocorrer. As empresas consideradas neste estudo foram aquelas listadas na BM&FBOVESVA consideradas insolventes que entraram com pedido de recuperação judicial durante o ano de 2017, e as empresas saudáveis que fazem parte dos mesmos setores em que se encontram as empresas das categorias não saudáveis. Os dados coletados compreendem os anos de 2013 a 2017 e o procedimento metodológico aplicado baseia-se no método estatístico de Análise Discriminante Linear, no modelo dinâmico de análise econômico-financeira baseado em indicadores da DFC. No ano de ocorrência da insolvência, quando as empresas pediram Recuperação Judicial enquanto o modelo de Kanitz classificou 66,7% das empresas como insolvente o modelo de Altman apontou 91,7% , o modelo dinâmico classificou 75% das empresas como insolvente e 25% de risco de liquidez.. O modelo dinâmico evidenciou de forma clara as oscilações na situação financeira de curto prazo das empresas e os impactos sobre o fluxo de caixa uma vez que evoluíram de forma gradual de uma situação de solvência ou de risco de liquidez à iminência do processo de recuperação judicial. Nos casos estudados nesta pesquisa os resultados demonstram que o modelo dinâmico apresenta maior sensibilidade e uma boa capacidade preditiva sobre a situação de liquidez, tendo detectado, no primeiro período de análise a precária situação financeira de curto prazo das organizações e sua evolução tendendo ao processo de recuperação judicial. Desta forma o modelo dinâmico desenvolvido e aplicado neste estudo respondeu ao problema de pesquisa que foi antever problemas de insolvência ou analisar a possibilidade dela ocorrer utilizando um método que contemple simultaneamente o comportamento e evolução temporal da liquidez para captar a dinâmica empresarial, utilizando indicadores obtidos a partir da DFC em contraposição aos modelos tradicionais de previsão de insolvência.
Sarquis, Raquel Wille. "Eliminação do método de consolidação proporcional para reconhecimento dos investimentos em joint ventures: quais os impactos para as empresas do mercado brasileiro?" Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12136/tde-26032015-161923/.
Texto completo da fonteThe purpose of this research is to assess the impacts of eliminating the proportionate consolidation method, as a consequence of the adoption of IFRS 11, for companies from Brazilian capital market with joint ventures investments. IFRS 11 adoption brought both conceptual and practical impacts. However, the main change was eliminating the proportionate consolidation as an alternative to recognize joint ventures investments, considering that this was the method used by many countries; which, according to some authors, produces more relevant information. Firstly, the 111 comment letters in response to the Exposure Draft 09 were analyzed, and it demonstrated that the majority of the respondents disagreed with the issuance of IFRS 11 as proposed in the ED 09, especially about the elimination of the proportionate consolidation. Subsequently, it was analyzed the impact of the transition from the proportionate consolidation to the equity method on the accounting amounts reported by companies in the Brazilian capital market with joint venture investments, through statistical analysis. The constructed population for this research is composed by 79 companies which presented the necessary characteristics. Using Mean Tests, the results show that, except for Cash Flow from Financial Activities, Liquidity Indicators and Composition of Debt, all other 16 variables analyzed had statistically significant differences between the proportionate consolidation and the equity method. Moreover, this impact is greater in some sectors, such as Industrial Goods, Construction and Transportation and Public Utilities. These results confirm the hypotheses proposed by this research, that the accounting amounts reported by Brazilian companies with joint ventures investments after IFRS 11 adoption are significantly different from the accounting amounts that had been reported so far. These findings are important because this change impacts not only the financial indicators but also other variables that are tied to these indicators, such as the need of renegotiating covenants, and also highlights one of the main critics of the equity method: the possibility that companies use these investments to remove debts of their own statements of financial position. Finally, this research proposed a conciliation model between the financial statements prepared applying the proportionate consolidation and applying the equity method, in order to verify if the stakeholders could estimate, using only the information disclosed in notes, the accounting amounts reported by companies applying the proportionate consolidation method. Using a sample of 45 companies and considering as acceptable a difference of 2%, the adjustments identified in the model proposed explain the differences in the accounting amounts reported by approximately 82% of the companies analyzed. All these results indicate that the elimination of proportionate consolidation, as a consequence of IFRS 11 adoption, has a significant impact on the accounting amounts reported by Brazilian companies, however, this impact can be mitigated by the greater volume of information about the joint ventures required by IFRS 12, considering that the stakeholders can estimate the accounting amounts reported by the two methods and use the information that they consider most relevant.