Teses / dissertações sobre o tema "Discours philosophiques"
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Ladki, Wassim. "L'espace du discours littéraire dans les essais philosophiques de l'écrivain Michel Serres". Nancy 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NAN21019.
Texto completo da fonteMy intention in my thesis has been to explore the domain of literary discourse which shapes the philosophical themes of the latest essays by Michel Serres. I first attempted to correlate the dominant stylistic features of the essays with the writer's thinking, coming to the conclusion that Michel Serres associates the expressive resources of language with his philosophical ideals in order to be able to convince. I therefore analyzed specific forms of repetition and the role of etymology as well as the use of nominalization. I then went on, in my second part, to assess the function of interrogative forms in the essays and the genesis of a hypothetical learner-type whom Michel Serres calls the "tiers-instruit". I then observed that the author has recourse to other means than those of discursive language with a tendency to exploit imagery to express his thinking or to insert various legends, anecdotes or prophecies into his writings. His story-telling serves the interests of his reasoning in order to resolve the logical contradictions inherent to any philosophical discourse. In my third part, I demonstrated that even trivial events may be at the service of philosophical themes: Michel Serres casts off the immediate reality making his philosophy one which is factual and enhanced by analogical reasoning. Finally, I revealed the basis of the moral values specific to the author. Shaken by the carnage wrought by modern war, he has never ceased to exalt peace and imagine the ways by which it could be established at every level of social existence. I underlined the way in which he surreptitiously tends to objectify and secularize his Christian convictions. The biblical echo erupting in the text reflects his basic altruism and coincides with his moral aspirations
Koike, Miho. "Entre philosophie et didactisme : le cas des Discours philosophiques de Pontus de Tyard". Thesis, Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100033.
Texto completo da fontePontus de Tyard (1521 or 1522-1605), poet, philosopher and theologian, brings together the six dialogues, first published separately from 1552, in a joint publication : the Discours philosophiques (1587). The dialogue in the sixteenth century, often meets a didactic intention, as it facilitates knowledge diffusion by its form. Tyard’s dialogues do indeed seem to try to contribute to knowledge collection and diffusion by being part of the general movement of knowledge popularization that book historians highlighted. However, on the other hand, these dialogues seem to have a real philosophical inquiry, a quest for truth, mixed with a query about the possibility of achieving such a truth, whose intentions are more difficult to grasp. Therefore we sought to observe the coexistence of these two aspects. Our work is organized into three main parts. The first part presents Tyard’s books composition in the context of his career and the circles he moved in. The second one relates to layout and content issues (from a literary and typographical standards point of view). The last section attempts to finally bring some answers to the original question, through a specific examination (limited to the exemplary case of Premier Curieux) of how Tyard, through his characters, deals with philosophical questions. With this aim in view, we conducted a comparison study with contemporary cosmological treatises, analyzed the compilation method initiated by Tyard, and demonstrated the importance he attaches to the expression of doubts and paradoxes
Cossutta, Frédéric. "Problèmes de méthode dans la lecture des textes philosophiques". Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010672.
Texto completo da fonteOlembe, Esther. "Production des savoirs dans le discours universitaire en situation d’évaluation endogène : philosophie, sciences économiques et de gestion au Cameroun". Thesis, Lyon 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO20071.
Texto completo da fonteIn addition to the general and universal evaluation methods of scientific instituions, this thesis describes knowledge generated by university discourse during validation by local authorities. The framework of experience is the evaluation system in force in Cameroon which serves as social promotion for university lecturers and researchers and legitimizes university work. Deciphering forms of knowledge produced in an endogenous evaluation system is based on historical epistemology and Foucaldian archeology of discourse. The results of the analysis show that knowledge produced falls within the purview of discursive temporality and is anonymous and geographically, culturally and historically marked. It belongs moreover to a network of discourse which goes beyond the lone sphere of universities and disciplines. Knowledge generation mechanisms and strategies are subject to rules and standards which themselves permanently produce forms of power. The theoretical and methodological referents mobilised in this work contribute to the development of traditional frames of information and communication sciences
Folschweiller, Cécile. "Les prémisses philosophiques du discours : des intellectuels roumains aux temps de la construction de la nation (1866-1919)". Paris, INALCO, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INAL0009.
Texto completo da fonteIn the second half of the XIXth century, Romania was in the throes of nation building. This process was not without its upheavals and questionings, which struck the foundations of national consciousness just when it seemed embodied in the modern State. Philosophy then became the natural medium for the expression of this radical and existential questioning about reality and the future of the nation. Junimea was the group of young intellectuals which took on the problem and replied with a deep criticism of the way in which the Western liberal model had been used in 1848 and later to build the Romanian nation. This imported cultural and political model was mere "form without content" and was not adapted to the local realities. But the Junimists' criticism paradoxically used arguments, theories and concepts from the very Western thought movements that had helped shape them. The search for "content" which appeared beneath the criticism was inspired by the philosophy of Kant, Schopenhauer, J. S. Mill and Spencer, and combined traits of romanticism and rationalism, idealism and materialism, evolutionism and the sciences of the time. Maiorescu's criticism, Eminescu's political articles, Conta's materialistic and evolutionist metaphysics, Xenopol's philosophy of history, Rădulescu-Motru's system of "energetic personalism", all these were different ways of rethinking the concept of nation and man's place in a modernity which was already in crisis in late XIXth century Europe. The premisses of the political, cultural and national discourse of the Romanian thinkers would also be those of the Romanian philosophical school of thought
Diop, Babacar Mbaye. "Analyse et critique des différents discours sur les arts plastiques de l'Afrique noire : approches historiques, ethno-anthropologiques et philosophiques". Rouen, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ROUEL627.
Texto completo da fonteThe aim of this study is to understand and to analyse the various theories on the plastic arts of sub-Saharan Africa, by focusing on the following questions : can we really differentiate the ancient art, the traditional art and the contemporary art of sub-Saharan Africa using time as the measure to compare artistic creations of today and yesterday ? The ancient and the traditional are they not also the memory of the contemporary ? can we establish a link between the art of sub-Saharan Africa and that of Old Egypt ? Should we search for the origins of the African artistic creation in a foreign culture ? How has opinion evolued from contempt for the African arts to their recognition ? How must one read and understand the Negro-African arts ? Are there any aesthetics and art critics in sub-Saharan Africa ? What is the place of the African arts and their artists in the march to globalization ? In the study of these questions we will examine the following : the history of African art - from the ancient African arts to the modern and contemporary arts - through the analysis of the traditional arts - or what was formerly called "the Negro Art" - and several views and interpretations concerning the African arts. These central ideas from the backbone of the two parts of this essay which will allow us to reveal the false theories which have often nourished the study of the arts of sub-Saharan Africa. The approach is philosophical as well as historical allowing the understanding of different theories on African art and their significance
Sribnai, Judith. "Figurations et relations : le sujet dans les romans à la première personne et les textes philosophiques du XVIIe siècle". Thèse, Paris 4, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/6924.
Texto completo da fonteThe objective of this thesis is to set out several aspects of the figuration of the subject in the 17th Century, through a joint reading of first person novels and philosophical texts from this period. Beginning with similar questions, these two discursive genres construct a figure of a knowing and itinerant subject, a subject animated by the desire to know and thus guided to rethink the conditions that articulate his particular experience. For the authors of these works, the truth is discovered through a series of singular experiences and experiments; the world more clearly announces itself in the first person, rendering a principally singular perception. This poses the problem of the legitimation of personal pronouncement, legitimation which allows for the articulation of the first person with an alterity, while conserving the singularity of the subject. This singularity always doubles as a dispersion of the identities and referents of the first person. Still, narration, fiction and corporal practice show this identity as constellation. The first two expose the diverse faces of the ‘I’, their agreements and disagreements, their being at the same time past and present, real persons and imaginary characters, narrator and author. From the practices tied to the pain and pleasure of the body is drawn another form of possible encounter between the particularity of a subject and an other: the one he desires, with whom he suffers and plays, the one who lives in him. Through all these aspects, enunciative, narrative, fictional, physical, the subjectivity that is inscribed in and described by these texts is always primarily relational: an account recounted to encounter the other.
Poggi, Paul. "Le sujet est-il observable ? c'est le sujet de l'observation ! : l'observation dans le champ de la psychologie clinique n'est-elle pas paradigmatique d'une coupure épistémologique dans les discours scientifiques et philosophiques ?" Nice, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NICE2017.
Texto completo da fonteThe observation in the field of the clinical psychology is not approached on this work as tool of investigation but as epistemological concept except for integer. From the disciplinary use of the observation we shall try to build a concept. To operationalize it through two functions: the “function chiasmatique of the observation” and the “dit-solution” of the subject. The observation, is too often used only in its dimension of the glance. Could not she be articulated? A joint between the objective and the subjective, the subject and the object, the glance, the voice and the language. It is in this perspective that we shall try, in a search: historical, phenomenological and epistemological; to move of dominated of the object to wonder if the subject, such as the use the psychoanalysis and the clinical psychology, can be observed! Pursue this reasoning to the current and the modernity. To approach a drift pressing on the observation to limit it to the simple objective evaluation of the alive in purposes of control. A dissolution of the subject in a scientistic speech where the human fact becomes the fact of banning? Do not we go then in the field of science called “human” towards a paranoia which would tend to make society?
Maillol, Alain. "Discours philosophique acte analytique". Lille 3 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb375993618.
Texto completo da fonteMaillol, Alain. "Discours philosophique : acte analytique". Université de Provence. Faculté des lettres et sciences humaines (1969-2011), 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986AIX10021.
Texto completo da fonteJang, Sung-Min. "Discours philosophique et discours spirituel chez Pascal". Poitiers, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992POIT5005.
Texto completo da fonteFor pascal, the word "philosopher" is reserved for the philosophical schools of antiquiry. From that point, talking about philosophical discourse pertaining directly to pascal, one would be eventually taking somme risk. Pascal always wanted to keep his distance from what he called academics, sceptics, stoics, dismissing them and declaring them useless. He also accuses descartes a sbeing usless and uncertain. Even if he recatures in philosophy the concepts, the problems, one mustn't bring pascal's apologetic to a philosophical discourse. It's spiritual discourse that does not have any other premise than the religious experience. One must understand that the full range of the apology of the christian religion, it is not to provewhat descartes did, but to persuade humain beings that it is reasonable to believe. And at that moment, the exact range of pascal's discourse appeares clealy in contrast to the discourse of the philosophers. Thus, pascal rejects this entire notion for it to substitute another discourse, and the other discourse is the discourse of persuasion
Politis, Hélène. "Le discours philosophique selon Kierkegaard". Paris 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA010521.
Texto completo da fonteThe first part sums up the main stages in the reception of Kierkegaard's works in France; it demonstrates how some inaccurate interpretations developed and why they persisted. The second part surveys and assesses Kierkegaard's philosophical readings in the danish samlede vaerker (complete works) and papirer (papers). The use Kierkegaard makes of these readings in his works is much more important than is usually acknowledged. (A long annex to the thesis gives a detailed list of the philosophical references in the papirer. ) The third part shows with precise examples that it is through analyzing and discussing the doctrines and concepts of philosophers (above all Hegel), that Kierkegaard constructs his own notions (dialectic of stages, paradox, ethics, repetition, existence, and so forth). A shorter fourth part investigates the philosophical modalities which appear even in his more indirect means of expressions (pseudonymic writing, "philosophical fragments", metaphors, etc. ). Kierkegaard, a reader of philosophers and a fully-fledged philosopher himself: such are the two inseparable facets of our thesis
Conchas, Guzmán Eladio. "Le discours philosophique sur Dieu dans l'oeuvre de Martin Heidegger". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAC017.
Texto completo da fonteThe main task of the present work is to show how Martin Heidegger's thought, as an exploration of what is most worthy to be thought, about being as being, provides and leaves opened a new path that leads to God in a more original way. To accomplish our purposes, we have divided our main argument in twelve chapters. We present, in the early chapters, how to handle the question of God in Husserl's phenomenology and in traditional metaphysics as well as the critique that Heidegger sends to each of them, in a directly or indirectly way, and his proposal of moving towards a new and more original thought. After that, the need to dispose of a new access to language to talk about God leads us to what Heidegger believes to have discovered : a new access to the sacred through the lucid thought of poetry. Subsequently, we analyze the link established within the Fourfold, as a new way of conceiving the world, between heaven, earth, divines and mortals in order to understand the possibility of mortals to receive signs of God. Finally, in the last chapters, we examine how the poetic language and the new conception of the world, derived from the Fourfold, have provided to Heidegger the necessary elements to move beyond being and to open himself to a new topology that unfolds, eventually, as advancement of the unveiling of the truth of being as being and, therefore, of the truth of God
Temmar, Malika. "La fiction dans le texte philosophique : une approche discursive". Paris 12, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA120034.
Texto completo da fonteWhat place can fiction have in a discourse which seems to have recourse to the trutb register of philosophy? This is the question of this thesis which thematizes philosophical discourse analysis (a current which has been developping in France since the early 1990s). The answer will have to go beyond an enumeration of illustrative and argumentative values of non-factual statetrients in speculative texts. It demands a broad vision of the concept of ficticn in the philosophical, linguistic, semantic and pragmatic tradition involving a detailed description of emblematic cases, In this thes Descares’s idealist discourse, Condillac’s sensualistic discourse and Merleau-Ponty pnenomenological discourse are subjected to a doser analysis. The fine-grained study of tex allows to consicer the specificity of the recourse to fiction as a philosophical mode of validation and to confront t with the practices of the other discursive fields in the entire realm of the humanities
Makaya, Auguste. "La Question philosophique en Afrique enquête sur les ambiguités d'un discours /". Lille 3 : ANRT, 1989. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37615546g.
Texto completo da fonteArtous-Bouvet, Guillaume Clément Bruno. "Statut de la littérature dans le discours philosophique français après 1950". Saint-Denis : Université de Paris 8, 2009. http://www.bu.univ-paris8.fr/web/collections/theses/ArtousBouvetThese.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteMakaya, Auguste. "La question philosophique en afrique : enquete sur les ambiguites d'un discours". Paris 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA010568.
Texto completo da fonteArtous-Bouvet, Guillaume. "Statut de la littérature dans le discours philosophique français après 1950". Paris 8, 2007. http://octaviana.fr/document/133291286#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Texto completo da fonteThis academic thesis concerns French philosophical discourses of the second half of the twentieth century. Among the essential features of these discourses is the constant concern with literature. Such a concern had two main consequences: in the first place, redefining the philosophical concept of literature; in the second place, affecting in return the style of these philosophical discourses. Such a redefinition of the mere concept of literature is drastic: literature is no more to be thought as expression or representation. It is, above all, language: the autonomous power of a play upon meanings, strictly remote from all others discourses. This redefinition put literature at a certain limit of knowledge: literature appears from now on as an outside object, according to the traditional criteria of philosophical knowledge. Dealing with this specific object, the philosophical discourses begin to wonder about their intercourse with the very act of writing. It is the birth of a French philosophical style, coined by authors of notable formal invention abilities - namely Jacques Derrida or Jean-François Lyotard. Philosophy is no more the simple commentary of literature; it has turned into inscription, imitation, and creation. Thereby, philosophy becomes a literary philosophy. With literature, knowledge is transcended - but literature still carries a truth, although it is not the philosophical truth. It is the truth which philosophy can not deliver: the truth about life
Kirscher, Gilbert. "L'Ouverture du discours philosophique essai sur la logique de la philosophie d'Eric Weil /". Lille 3 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37606622s.
Texto completo da fonteKirscher, Gilbert. "L'ouverture du discours philosophique. Essai sur la logique de la philosophie d'eric weil". Lille 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LIL30009.
Texto completo da fonteEric weil's logique de la philosophie (1950) expounds the system of philosophical categories, i. E. Of the fundamental types of the discourse, which are coherent in themselves but irreducible to one another, in which categories human liberty can lock itself and find satisfaction, just as it can also turn away from them. Consequently, the logique de la philosophie understands itself as the act of liberty choosing the coherent discourse, the understanding of the totality of discourses, either explicit or implicit. So the philosophical discourse is both systematic and open. The present work tries to detect the varied kinds of this opening; opening of the beginning of the logique de la philosophie confronted with other beginnings (especially st augustine, hegel, fichte); opening of the oriented course of categories passing beyond one another without any a priori justification; opening of the formal categories of philosophy (sense and wisdom) to reason in the discourse and to reason in the world; opening of the discourse to itself, in its own systematic circularity, in its process of constant renewal : opening of liberty to truth
Valcourt-Blouin, Maxime. "Primitivité et subjectivité chez Sören Kierkegaard : étude sur la logique d'un discours philosophique". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27316.
Texto completo da fonteThe present work addresses Kierkegaard's oeuvre from the angle of two notions present in it, primitivity and subjectivity. To do so, an analysis of imagination and passion, of their various functions and of their mutual relations proves itself necessary to the extent that primitivity and subjectivity are linked in the kierkegaardian corpus to these two human faculties. Taking as fulcrum our analysis of these two notions, we shall seek to give an account of their presence in three complementary facets of Kierkegaard's philosophical creation : his conception of the stages of existence, his theory of communication and the application of this theory in his writings. Since primitivity and subjectivity are "possibilities of spirit", since they make spiritual existence possible, our work seeks to be an analysis of the kierkegaardian discourse in its way of understanding humans as both cognitive and affective, these two dimensions of humans being crucial for understanding how they access authentic human and Christian existence.
Dardari, Thami. "Logique et métaphysique le conflit entre le discours philosophique et la pratique logico-mathématique /". Lille 3 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376129058.
Texto completo da fonteDardari, Thami. "Logique et métaphysique : le conflit entre le discours philosophique et la pratique logico-mathématique". Tours, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988TOUR2003.
Texto completo da fonteIn this research, we have tried to study the conflict which has opposed, on the one hand, the logical system of Hegel and, on the other hand, the logico-mathematical practice as in the period between 1800 and 1830. Our field of enquiry is concerned mainly with the essence of the philosophical touth confronted to the diversity of non-philosophical practices, namely mathematics and formal logic. Our work is made up of three parts: the first one is concerned with the Hegelian intervention with various mathematical domains, namely that of infinitesimal calculation. The second part is devoted to the changes that Hegel makes the subjects known in the Aristotelian logic undergs. The last part deals with the Hegelian conception of language and a refutation of a particular project to formalise the : science of logic
Loiseau, Sylvain. "Sémantique du discours philosophique : du corpus aux normes : autour de G. Deleuze et des années 60". Paris 10, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA100119.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis aims at describing the philosophical discourse through the properties of its texts. Discourse is intended as a norm determining, at the level of the text, all the levels of the description. Correlations between these levels are described by the mean of a deeply annotated corpus comprising texts by G. Deleuze. Accessing the empirical complexity of this corpus allows us to show the importance of discourse normativity, from the morphological level to the semantic macro-structures. We examine also the influence of the idiolect and its interaction with discursive normativity. The theoretical frame of a linguistic of the norms and the methodological frame of corpus linguistics allow to make the discourse an observable and to discuss the typological criteria which do not take it into account
Abid, Hammadi. "La dialectique de la reconnaissance : la renaissance d'un thème hégélien dans le discours philosophique du XXème siècle". Phd thesis, Université Michel de Montaigne - Bordeaux III, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00738254.
Texto completo da fonteZagury-Orly, Raphaël. "Le statut du criticisme dans le discours philosophique de la modernité : Kant face à Hegel et Heidegger". Paris 4, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA040220.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis attempts to clarify the intimate relationship between the transcendental subjectivity and the possibility of questioning. As a matter of fact, a certain type of subjectivity permits a certain type of questioning which we will have to explore the very limits and possibilities. In order to realize this project, we will need to interpret Kant - not via German Idealism nor Heideggerian phenomenology - but rather to attempt its reading after Hegel and Heidegger. This project could seem to be somewhat obvious unless it is understood that the most common reading of Kantian criticism today most often sees in this philosophical enterprise a simple stepping-stone to German idealism or a failed beginning to the phenomenological attitude. It is the Critique of Judgment, as it provokes a radical modulation in the very heart of the Critical system, which will constitute the central point of our reading of Kant. According to us, the third Critique accomplishes something which remains hesitant in the two prior Critiques, while justifying them and hence providing a greater actuality to the Kantian system as a whole before all the post-critical temptations. What we call the critical question entails for Kant a specificity which opposes it to all of its definitions in Hegel or Heidegger. We are entitled to believe that Kantianism practices a radically different philosophical questioning. Hence, we will continuously sharpen the virtual resistance of criticism towards Hegel and Heidegger by reactivating its very interrogative ground and bring forth what seems to us like a simple caricaturing of it by these last two philosophies. This thesis will contribute to reveal a type of Kantianism entirely reinforced by its opponents
Fillon, Alexandre. "Les effets du langage : essai sur le discours nietzschéen". Thesis, Reims, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020REIML006.
Texto completo da fonteIn this study, we try to understand the new function and specific conditions of Nietzsche’s philosophical discourse from the standpoint of his reform of culture. Nietzsche does not understand philosophy only as a theoretical activity, for its own task is to create new values that will take root and provide new forms of human life. Philosophy has now to take effective action on culture’s life, or the project of the transvaluation of all values may remain just a theoretical ideal. The whole problem is to determine the means of its action. How can philosophy have an effect? According to our hypothesis, this can be understood as the specific problem of Nietzsche’s discourse. This discourse is therefore of a great and new importance, as it seems to be the only specific instrument of the philosopher for creating new values. This must not only state theoretically the need for reform, the genealogy of Western culture and the new values that could overcome nihilism, but also stimulate their effective rooting. In so doing, Nietzsche represents a profound change in the History of philosophy, since the conditions of the philosophical discourse are no longer conceived in terms of theoretical validity, but rather as a passage from theory to practice. Thus, the Nietzschean project of transvaluation radically questions the traditional discourse of philosophers. Nietzsche asks philosophy an unsparing question: are theory and the need for truth the correct and most efficient way for reforming culture, for incorporating values and transforming human life?
Janvier, Marie-Hélène. "Une confrontation du discours missionnaire et philosophique : l'interprétation de l'image de la Chine par Montesquieu et Voltaire, 1721-1776". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25244.
Texto completo da fonteMagnien, Liliane. "La transparence de l'ombre : essai sur le rôle de l'image dans le discours philosophique, à partir d'une lecture de Bergson". Nancy 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NAN21008.
Texto completo da fontePhilosophical thinking is often expressed in impenetrable abstract terminology. Why not follow Bergson's example and write using imagery accessible to the reader ?
Bélanger, François. "Le Retrait (création). Suivi de "Réflexion philosophique et esthétique la rupture discursive, afin de circonscrire l'altérité des choses et des êtres". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/5686.
Texto completo da fonteCampagnolo, Gilles. "Pensée philosophique et discours économique : au fondement des théories continentales de la fin du caméralisme à la querelle allemande sur les méthodes". Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010598.
Texto completo da fontePauncefort, Emma Lavinia Elizabeth. "Discourses of barbarity and travel to England in the formation of an elite French social identity : a recontextualisation of Voltaire's 'Lettres philosophiques'". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2016. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1530172/.
Texto completo da fonteKovács, Eszter. "Le voyage dans la pensée de Diderot : sa fonction et sa critique dans la fiction, dans le récit de voyage et dans le discours philosophique et politique". Lyon, Ecole normale supérieure, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ENSF0044.
Texto completo da fonteDiderot is the most sedentary among the French Philosophes: he refuses travelling except his only trip to Holland and to the Russian capital of Catherine II in 1773-1774. His views about travels and travel literature are the opposite of the enthousiasm of the eighteenth century. He does not trust travel accounts about faraway societies and recently discovered areas and claims that travelling is rarely useful in a young man’s education. Travel accounts should be severely supervised and compared to each other to fight prejudice, errors and deliberate lies. Diderot does not believe in the educational use of travelling without special conditions and an appropriate preparation. Despite this critical position and refusal, an attentive reading of his writings from early fiction to mature political thought shows a great interest in the role of travel in modern history and philosophy. Diderot accepts that travel accounts are indispensible sources of political, social, religious and anthropological information
Limami, Gaudin Thérèse. "Évolution du discours religieux et philosophique à travers les utopies de la fin du dix-septième siècle : Foigny, Veiras, Gilbert et Tyssot de Patot (1676-1710)". Grenoble 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989GRE39031.
Texto completo da fontePerrin-Daubard, Marie. "L'écriture écartelée : barbarie et civilisation dans les romans et la prose philosophique de Victor Hugo : combiner "les lois de l'art" et la "loi du progrès" : des Misérables à quatre vingt-treize". Thesis, Paris 10, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA100102/document.
Texto completo da fonteThis study examines the conflict between Hugo’s progressive ideology and his conception and practice of art in the novels and philosophical prose writings of exile. Scientific modernity and the principles of 1789, when cut off from nature and History, are in fact anti-poetic and lack the energy needed to revive civilization at the time of the Second Empire. To combine « the laws of art » with the « law of progress », « this is the problem », writes Hugo, although he does not specify how this combination might be achieved. Our study identifies and investigates two central dimensions of the conflicted relationship between art and progress in Hugo’s writing. The first concerns the early nineteenth-century debate between the theory of the « symbol » and the progressive movement of « désymbolisation » whose purpose was to undo symbols. The second dimension of the conflict concerns the way in which the Revolution, and in particular the rehabilitation of 1793, allows Hugo to generate a link between art and History. His treatment of 1793 and the problem of popular violence allows him to investigate the role played by barbarity and the barbaric in History. At the same time, his conception of the Terror is also linked to a broader mode of philosophical inquiry through which the writer explores, on a more subconscious level, the obscure origins of the writing of genius
Perrin, Faouzia. "Les réformes en santé en 2004 et en 2014 : nouvelle grammaire du discours ou re-fondation du système de santé français?" Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAH009/document.
Texto completo da fonteThe repeated and persistent appearance of issues related to the Health System crisis on every political agenda justifies the interest of political science in this field of research.As the 2004 reform’s bottom line was a strong affirmation that only the government can be legitimately responsible for health policy -a statement still favored by recent reforms- numerous official speeches about the last year’s reform contain a new language, using the “ territorialisation” and “gouvernance ” words.In fact, “territorialisation” as an answer to the Welfare State crisis, and “gouvernance” as an answer to the crisis in the ways of State governing, are both well-known Political Science subjects.Yet, the health crisis is not purported to be a political issue, but due to economics rather, mainly a functional and organizational one. As a consequence, matching solutions are usely thought in an economic and administrative way.Using cognitive and pragmatic approaches, our study neither aims at defining the terms of said crisis, nor justifying its presence on the political agenda. Rather, it addresses the solutions that are brought forward in the so-called ‘reform factory’ that are political speeches, as they have the power to legitimate deciding actors or their action.The first step taken in our method will consist in reporting bibliographic references for a political and historical deconstruction of the French health system, as well as analyzing the ‘health’ concept, in order to describe the cognitive framework of health policy. Special attention vill be paid to decentralization et public health.Then, these categories should prove to be helpful to study the current trends in the 2004 and 2014 periods of health reform in a discursive analysis, as we intend to do.To further investigate health reform manufacturing, we will focus on the new themes observed in these speeches : « gouvernance » et health democracy.Our thesis is that, through the language at play among these actors, there is a semantic fight loaded with power challenges to the State role in health Policy and therefore in the place ought to be given to the various actors in health public Policy. Finally, throw reforms, a new public for democracy came forward and new issues, that are principles and goals of health policy, appeared
Mauduit-Peix, Geldart Susana. "Traduire la philosophie : quelque part dans l'inachevé. : le souffle cartésien dans la langue de Cervantès". Thesis, Paris 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA030094.
Texto completo da fonteThis interdisciplinary study aims at exploring the philosophical and traductological issues involved in the translation of philosophical works. These will be illustrated by a corpus-based analysis focusing on several texts by Descartes (Discours de la Méthode, Méditations métaphysiques avec Objections et Réponses) and Pascal (Pensées) and their translation into Spanish. The study is carried out in three steps. The first step (part 1) deals with the typological issues (analysing the specificity of this particular translation practice as oppossed to literary and technical/pragmatical/scientific translation), the textual issues (the discursive characteristics of philosophical styles and genres) and the “logosophical” issues (i.e. why certain languages, like Greek or German, are supposed to be more “philosophical” than others, e.g. Spanish). The second step (part 2) is a first approach to the translation project itself, exploring the editorial context, the translator’s positioning thereto and the different phases in the translation, in order to find out the main operative concepts to be applied to the corpus’ analysis. Finally, the third step focuses on the illustration of the issues addressed, alongside three lines of study: i) the enunciation context (diachronical issues, intertextuality, retranslation), ii) the crucial role of concepts in philosophical translation (the paralel analysis of Cartesian concepts in French and Spanish) and iii) argumentative issues (choice of language, genre limitations, style issues)
Arriola, Acosta Martin-Rafael. "La fonction éthico-thérapeutique du discours philosophique : la contribution de Ludwig Wittgenstein à la lumière du modèle de la vie philosophique de Pierre Hadot". Thèse, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/10806.
Texto completo da fonteThe purpose of this study is to examine Ludwig Wittgenstein’s contribution to the issue of the ethical and therapeutic function of philosophical discourse in the light of the model of philosophical life of Pierre Hadot, exemplified by the Stoic model, and in which this function is central. The whole study consists of four chapters. The first chapter aims to highlight and analyze the five basic components of the Hellenistic and Roman conception of philosophical life drawn from the interpretation of Hadot which will then serve as guidelines for the exploration of these themes in Wittgenstein’s thought : the subordination of philosophical discourse to the ethical way of life, philosophical conversion as personal transformation, askesis as a method of philosophical conversion, the ideal of wisdom as ethical aim of philosophical conversion and the analogic model of philosophical therapy. In the second chapter, we examine how Wittgenstein can help elucidate the issue of subordination of philosophical discourse to the ethical way of life. First, it appears that philosophical discourse can have the ethical function to express a certain will. Specifically, core values, in connection with a counter-will (needs, tendencies, desires, feelings) underlying preconceptions crystallized in captivating images, form a particular philosophical character and implicitly determine the different conceptions that the philosopher, by the use of his will, makes the choice to express through philosophical discourse. Second, philosophical discourse can have an ethical function to generate good habits, that is to say, to produce an ethical impact on the behaviors that we adopt and the actions that we take repeatedly. Indeed, some conceptual arrangements, if they are in agreement with the effective practices of the human form of life, shed light on our ethical way of life, according to the conception of happiness that we value, so that we can orientate our habitual actions consequently. The third chapter aims to build on Wittgenstein's contribution to the question of philosophical discourse as a tool for personal transformation based on the model of philosophical conversion. First, it seems that philosophical discourse can give rise to a conversion of the will, synonymous with a conversion of the self to itself, which refer to the tearing away from a certain inauthentic will, inseparable from a counter-will at the foundation of thought expressed through language, to return to an authentic will that coincides with the domain that is specific to the ethical subject that we are. Second, the ethical function of philosophical discourse can also be expressed through the ethical aim of conversion that can be seen as an asymptotic and philosophical ideal of happiness as peace or absence of disturbance based on an ethics of finitude, freedom and authenticity with a transpersonal dimension. The fourth chapter discusses Wittgenstein's conception of philosophical method through the question of philosophical discourse as askesis. First, philosophical discourse here can have an ethical function when used to operationalize a conversion method consisting of a set of discursive techniques used repeatedly in order to adopt an ethical attitude. Second, this function can be therapeutic in that the conversion method can be elaborated through the analogic model of philosophical therapy, that is to say, as an implicit or explicit conception of disease, of therapy and philosophical health as evidenced by the holistic therapy of language it seems possible to draw from the second period of Wittgenstein’s thought.
Réalisé en cotutelle avec L'École des hautes études en sciences sociales de Paris
Belbaraka, Kamar. "Le cyberespace, nouvel Eldorado : les discours sur Internet et les nouvelles technologies mobiles". Mémoire, 2011. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/4028/1/M11848.pdf.
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