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Artigos de revistas sobre o assunto "Elastin body":
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Nygaard, Rie Harboe, Scott Maynard, Peter Schjerling, Michael Kjaer, Klaus Qvortrup, Vilhelm A. Bohr, Lene J. Rasmussen, Gregor B. E. Jemec e Michael Heidenheim. "Acquired Localized Cutis Laxa due to Increased Elastin Turnover". Case Reports in Dermatology 8, n.º 1 (13 de fevereiro de 2016): 42–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000443696.
Cutis laxa is a rare disease characterized by abnormal skin wrinkling and laxity, due to decreased elastin synthesis or structural extracellular matrix defects. We have explored elastin metabolism in a case of adult onset cutis laxa localized to the upper body of a woman. For this purpose, we obtained skin biopsies from affected and unaffected skin areas of the patient and analyzed these with microscopy, polymerase chain reaction, western blotting and cell culture experiments. Skin from the affected area lacked elastin fibers in electron microscopy but had higher mRNA expression of elastin and total RNA. Levels of an apparent tropoelastin degradation product were higher in the affected area. Fibroblast cultures from the affected area were able to produce elastin and showed higher proliferation and survival after oxidative and UVB stress compared to fibroblasts from the unaffected area. In conclusion, we report a case of acquired localized cutis laxa with a lack of elastic fibers in the skin of the patient's upper body. The lack of elastic fibers in the affected skin was combined with increased mRNA expression and protein levels of elastin. These findings indicate that elastin synthesis was increased but did not lead to deposited elastic fibers in the tissue.
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Misra, Ashish, Abdul Q. Sheikh, Abhishek Kumar, Jiesi Luo, Jiasheng Zhang, Robert B. Hinton, Leslie Smoot et al. "Integrin β3 inhibition is a therapeutic strategy for supravalvular aortic stenosis". Journal of Experimental Medicine 213, n.º 3 (8 de fevereiro de 2016): 451–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.20150688.
The aorta is the largest artery in the body, yet processes underlying aortic pathology are poorly understood. The arterial media consists of circumferential layers of elastic lamellae and smooth muscle cells (SMCs), and many arterial diseases are characterized by defective lamellae and excess SMCs; however, a mechanism linking these pathological features is lacking. In this study, we use lineage and genetic analysis, pharmacological inhibition, explant cultures, and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to investigate supravalvular aortic stenosis (SVAS) patients and/or elastin mutant mice that model SVAS. These experiments demonstrate that multiple preexisting SMCs give rise to excess aortic SMCs in elastin mutants, and these SMCs are hyperproliferative and dedifferentiated. In addition, SVAS iPSC-derived SMCs and the aortic media of elastin mutant mice and SVAS patients have enhanced integrin β3 levels, activation, and downstream signaling, resulting in SMC misalignment and hyperproliferation. Reduced β3 gene dosage in elastin-null mice mitigates pathological aortic muscularization, SMC misorientation, and lumen loss and extends survival, which is unprecedented. Finally, pharmacological β3 inhibition in elastin mutant mice and explants attenuates aortic hypermuscularization and stenosis. Thus, integrin β3–mediated signaling in SMCs links elastin deficiency and pathological stenosis, and inhibiting this pathway is an attractive therapeutic strategy for SVAS.
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Robb, Bruce W., Hiroshi Wachi, Theresa Schaub, Robert P. Mecham e Elaine C. Davis. "Characterization of an In Vitro Model of Elastic Fiber Assembly". Molecular Biology of the Cell 10, n.º 11 (novembro de 1999): 3595–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.10.11.3595.
Elastic fibers consist of two morphologically distinct components: elastin and 10-nm fibrillin-containing microfibrils. During development, the microfibrils form bundles that appear to act as a scaffold for the deposition, orientation, and assembly of tropoelastin monomers into an insoluble elastic fiber. Although microfibrils can assemble independent of elastin, tropoelastin monomers do not assemble without the presence of microfibrils. In the present study, immortalized ciliary body pigmented epithelial (PE) cells were investigated for their potential to serve as a cell culture model for elastic fiber assembly. Northern analysis showed that the PE cells express microfibril proteins but do not express tropoelastin. Immunofluorescence staining and electron microscopy confirmed that the microfibril proteins produced by the PE cells assemble into intact microfibrils. When the PE cells were transfected with a mammalian expression vector containing a bovine tropoelastin cDNA, the cells were found to express and secrete tropoelastin. Immunofluorescence and electron microscopic examination of the transfected PE cells showed the presence of elastic fibers in the matrix. Biochemical analysis of this matrix showed the presence of cross-links that are unique to mature insoluble elastin. Together, these results indicate that the PE cells provide a unique, stable in vitro system in which to study elastic fiber assembly.
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Del Prado Audelo, María Luisa, Néstor Mendoza-Muñoz, Lidia Escutia-Guadarrama, David Giraldo-Gomez, Maykel González-Torres, Benjamín Florán, Hernán Cortés e Gerardo Leyva-Gomez. "RECENT ADVANCES IN ELASTIN-BASED BIOMATERIALS". Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences 23 (17 de agosto de 2020): 314–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.18433/jpps31254.
Elastin is one of the main components of the extracellular matrix; it provides resistance and elasticity to a variety of tissues and organs of the human body, besides participating in cellular signaling. On the other hand, elastin-derived peptides are synthetic biopolymers with a similar conformation and structure to elastin, but these possess the advantage of solubility in aqueous mediums. Due to their biological activities and physicochemical properties, elastin and related peptides may be applied as biomaterials to develop diverse biomedical devices, including scaffolds, hydrogels, and drug delivery systems for tissue engineering. Likewise, the combination of elastin with natural or synthetic polymers has demonstrated to improve the mechanical properties of biomedical products and drug delivery systems. Here we comprehensively describe the physicochemical properties and physiological functions of elastin. Moreover, we offer an overview of the use of elastin and its derivative polymers as biomaterials to develop scaffolds and hydrogels for tissue engineering. Finally, we discuss some perspectives on the employment of these biopolymers to fabricate new biomedical products.
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Tang, Xin. "Elastin-Like Polypeptides as Thermosensitive Polymer System". Advanced Materials Research 898 (fevereiro de 2014): 296–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.898.296.
Thermo-responsive elastin-like polypeptides (ELPs) were successfully obtained by inverse transition cycling (ITC) and recursive directional ligation (RDL). Six ELPs displayed thermal properties, depending on their sequence and chain length. It was found that the ELP[KV8F-4 and ELP[KV8F-8 were effective as thermosensitive materials at the body temperature with phase transition temperature from 35 to 45oC.
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Garner, Tyler, An Ouyang, Adam J. Berrones, Marilyn S. Campbell, Bing Du e Bradley S. Fleenor. "Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) attenuates diet-induced aortic stiffening independent of changes in body composition". Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 42, n.º 8 (agosto de 2017): 802–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2016-0571.
We hypothesized a sweet potato intervention would prevent high-fat (HF) diet−induced aortic stiffness, which would be associated with decreased arterial oxidative stress and increased mitochondrial uncoupling. Young (8-week old) C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: low fat (LF; 10% fat), HF (60% fat), low-fat sweet potato (LFSP; 10% fat containing 260.3 μg/kcal sweet potato), or high-fat sweet potato diet (HFSP; 60% fat containing 260.3 μg/kcal sweet potato) for 16 weeks. Compared with LF and LFSP, HF- and HFSP-fed mice had increased body mass and percent fat mass with lower percent lean mass (all, P < 0.05). Sweet potato intervention did not influence body composition (all, P > 0.05). Arterial stiffness, assessed by aortic pulse wave velocity and ex vivo mechanical testing of the elastin region elastic modulus (EEM) was greater in HF compared with LF and HFSP animals (all, P < 0.05). Advanced glycation end products and nitrotyrosine abundance were greater in aortic segments from HF mice compared with LF and HFSP animals (all, P < 0.05). Aortic elastin and uncoupling protein 2 expressions, however, were reduced in HF compared with LF and HFSP mice (all, P < 0.05). Aortic segments cultured with 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP), a mitochondrial uncoupler, for 72 h reduced the EEM of HF arteries compared with nontreated HF segments (P < 0.05). DNP had no effect on the EEM of aortic segments from HFSP mice. In conclusion, sweet potato attenuates diet-induced aortic stiffness independent of body mass and composition, which is associated with a normalization of arterial oxidative stress possibly due to mitochondrial uncoupling.
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Conley, Andrew J., Jussi J. Joensuu, Rima Menassa e Jim E. Brandle. "Induction of protein body formation in plant leaves by elastin-like polypeptide fusions". BMC Biology 7, n.º 1 (2009): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1741-7007-7-48.
RUBINI, ALESSANDRO, VINCENZO CATENA, DANIELE DEL MONTE e EMANUELE LUIGI CARNIEL. "A REVIEW OF THE EFFECTS OF BODY TEMPERATURE VARIATIONS ON RESPIRATORY MECHANICS: MEASUREMENTS BY THE END-INFLATION OCCLUSION METHOD IN THE RAT". Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology 15, n.º 05 (outubro de 2015): 1530006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219519415300069.
The temperature of body fluids is expected to affect tissues mechanical properties, including respiratory system tissues. This is because of the changes in airway smooth muscle tone and contractile properties, influencing airway frictional resistance to airflow, and because of the temperature effects on the stress–strain relationships of elastin and collagen, which determinates the elastic behavior of the lungs as reflected by their pressure–volume relationship. Alveolar surfactant biological and physical properties have also been shown to be affected by temperature changes, suggesting influences on the respiratory system hysteretic properties. Experimental works describing the effects of body temperature variations on respiratory mechanics are reviewed, including recent findings dealing with investigations on respiratory mechanics carried out by the end-inflation occlusion method in the rat. This method allows to determine, together with the elastance of the respiratory system, its resistive properties too. In particular, both the ohmic airway resistance due to frictional forces in the airway and the additional visco-elastic resistance exerted because of tissues stress-relaxation may be quantified. The effects of body temperature variations were assessed, and experimentally induced temperature increments and/or decrements allowed to conclude that respiratory system tissues stiffness, both the ohmic and the stress-relaxation linked resistances, and the hysteretic behavior of the respiratory system, decrease with temperature increments. The mechanisms responsible for these effects are analyzed.
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Daugherty, Alan, Debra L. Rateri, Israel F. Charo, A. Phillip Owens, Deborah A. Howatt e Lisa A. Cassis. "Angiotensin II infusion promotes ascending aortic aneurysms: attenuation by CCR2 deficiency in apoE−/− mice". Clinical Science 118, n.º 11 (9 de março de 2010): 681–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs20090372.
AngII (angiotensin II) induces atherosclerosis and AAAs (abdominal aortic aneurysms) through multiple proposed mechanisms, including chemotaxis. Therefore, we determined the effects of whole-body deficiency of the chemokine receptor CCR2 (CC chemokine receptor 2) on these diseases. To meet this objective, apoE (apolipoprotein E)−/− mice that were either CCR2+/+ or CCR2−/−, were infused with either saline or AngII (1000 ng·kg−1 of body weight·min−1) for 28 days via mini-osmotic pumps. Deficiency of CCR2 markedly attenuated both atherosclerosis and AAAs, unrelated to systolic blood pressure or plasma cholesterol concentrations. During the course of the present study, we also observed that AngII infusion led to large dilatations that were restricted to the ascending aortic region of apoE−/− mice. The aortic media in most of the dilated area was thickened. In regions of medial thickening, distinct elastin layers were discernable. There was an expansion of the distance between elastin layers in a gradient from the intimal to the adventitial aspect of the media. This pathology differed in a circumscribed area of the anterior region of ascending aortas in which elastin breaks were focal and almost transmural. All regions of the ascending aorta of AngII-infused mice had diffuse medial macrophage accumulation. Deficiency of CCR2 greatly attenuated the AngII-induced lumen dilatation in the ascending aorta. This new model of ascending aortic aneurysms has pathology that differs markedly from AngII-induced atherosclerosis or AAAs, but all vascular pathologies were attenuated by CCR2 deficiency.
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Boyce, Teresa Terpin, e Margot R. Roach. "The canine tail artery as a model for cerebral aneurysm studies". Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 67, n.º 1 (1 de janeiro de 1989): 34–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y89-006.
The occluded canine tail artery, which comes off in the same plane as the aortoiliac junction, has been used as a flow model for cerebral aneurysms. These experiments were designed to determine if it is a realistic distensible model of human intracranial aneurysms. Distensibility studies were done on the aorta, and the iliac and tail arteries of four dogs. From these pressure–volume studies, tension–strain curves, elastances, and collagen slack were obtained. The tail artery is stiffer longitudinally and more distensible circumferentially than the other vessels. The iliac arteries and the aorta are not significantly different. The elastance of elastin and collagen is lower in the tail artery, and the collagen is more wavy circumferentially. Longitudinally, the collagen slack is least for the tail artery, and the elastance of elastin is not different in all three vessels. The number of elastin layers in the iliac and tail arteries seen in cross section is not significantly different, but the aorta is different from both these vessels. In another four dogs the aorta proximal to the trifurcation was cannulated and infused with saline to increase pressure. India ink marks were put on the surface to measure changes in length. Photographs were taken at intervals of 10 mmHg(1 mmHg = 133.3 Pa). This was done with the vessels tethered and untethered in the body and then taken out and studied with the same method in vitro. Arteries tethered in the body expanded circumferentially more than longitudinally. The tail artery becomes less distensible if untethered in the body and therefore acts more like an aneurysm. This makes it a good distensible flow model for aneurysm study. Even though the walls of the tail artery are thick and the geometry is not spherical, it is a reasonable model to study flow in aneurysms.Key words: elasticity, aorta, aneurysm, tethering, canine.
Teses / dissertações sobre o assunto "Elastin body":
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Rushton, D. H., Gillian E. Westgate e Neste D. J. Van. "Following historical 'tracks' of hair follicle miniaturisation in patterned hair loss: Are elastin bodies the forgotten aetiology?" Wiley, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/18515.
Yes Pattern Hair Loss (PHL) is a chronic regressive condition of the scalp, where follicular miniaturisation and decreased scalp hair coverage occurs in affected areas. In all PHL cases there is a measurable progressive shortening of the terminal hair growth duration, along with reduced linear growth rates. In both genders, PHL initially shows an increase in short telogen hairs ≤30mm in length, reflecting a cycle completion of under six months in affected terminal hair follicles. To understand the miniaturisation process, we re-examine the dynamics of miniaturisation and ask the question, 'why do miniaturised hair follicles resist treatment?' In the light of recent developments in relation to hair regeneration, we looked back in the older literature for helpful clues 'lost to time' and reprise a 1978 Hermann Pinkus observation of an array of elastin deposits beneath the dermal papilla following subsequent anagen/telogen transitions in male balding, originally described by Arao and Perkins who concluded that these changes provide a "morphologic marker of the entire biologic process in the balding scalp". Thus, we have reviewed the role of the elastin-like bodies in hair pathology and we propose that alterations in elastin architecture may contribute to the failure of vellus-like hair reverting back to their terminal status and may indicate a new area for therapeutic intervention.
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Johnson, Tamina L. "Elastin-Like Polypeptide Fusion Tag as a Protein-Dependent Solubility Enhancer of Cysteine-Knot Growth Factors". Scholar Commons, 2018. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7629.
Elastin-like peptide (ELP) fusions promote therapeutic delivery and efficacy. Recombinant proteins, like neurotrophins, lack bioavailability, have short in vivo half-lives, and require high manufacturing costs. Fusing recombinant proteins with genetically encodable ELPs will increase bioavailability, enhance in vivo solubilization, as well as provide a cost-effective method for purification without the need for chromatography. During expression of neurotrophin-ELP (N-ELP) fusions, dense water-insoluble aggregates known as inclusion bodies (IBs) are formed. Inclusion bodies are partially and misfolded proteins that usually require denaturants like Urea for solubilization. Strong denaturants arrest ELPs stimuli-responsive property and increase unwanted aggregation, making purification difficult, yet possible. The current field of study exhibit issues with protein recovery due to solubility issues and aggregation. This study examines the solubility challenges of inclusion body proteins and the role ELP fusion tags play on IBs solubility. Elastin-like peptides are a class of stimuli-responsive biopolymers whose biocompatibility and limited toxicity are attractive for biological applications. ELPs are tunable polymers, which consist of peptide repeat units (VPGXG), where X is any amino acid except Proline while the guest residue or length of the sequence can be chosen. ELPs have uniquely tunable phase transitioning properties that allow the protein to undergo molecular self-assemblies into different nanostructures in response to the changes in their environment (e.g. pH or temperature). Optimizing the purification process via suppressing aggregation during the refolding process has increased protein recovery slightly however, more work is needed to attain 90 percent recovery. Usage of ELPs has increased the solubility of N-ELP fusions, specifically for brain-derived neurotrophic factor ELP fusions.
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Harutyunyan, Satenik. "Magneto-Elastic Interactions in a Cracked Ferromagnetic Body". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/46199.
The stress-strain state of ferromagnetic plane with a moving crack has been investigated in this study. The model considers a soft magnetic ferroelastic body and incorporates a realistic (nonlinear) susceptibility. A moving crack is present in the body and is propagating in a direction perpendicular to the magnetic field. Assuming that the processes in the moving coordinates are stationary, a Fourier transform method is used to reduce the mixed boundary value problem to the solutions of a pair of dual integral equations yielding to a closed form solution. As a result of this investigation, the magnetoelastic stress intensity factor is obtained and its dependency upon the crack velocity, material constants and nonlinear law of magnetization are highlighted. It has been shown that stress result around the crack essentially depend on external magnetic field, speed of the moving crack, nonlinear law of magnetization, and other physical parameters. The results presented in this work show that when cracked ferromagnetic structure is under the influence of magnetic field it is necessary to take into account the interaction effects between deformation of the body and magnetic field and that such interaction can bring to a new conditions for strengthening the materials. Closed form solutions for the stress-strain state are obtained, graphical representations are supplied and conclusions and prospects for further developments are outlined. Master of Science
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Huang, Ming-Sheng. "Coupled elastic rotor/body vibrations with inplane degrees of freedom". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/12495.
Al-Khalili, Jameel Sadik. "Intermediate energy deuteron elastic scattering from nuclei in a three-body model". Thesis, University of Surrey, 1989. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/842863/.
A study is made of polarized deuteron elastic scattering from 58Ni and 40Ca at the intermediate energies of 400 and 700 MeV. A three-body formalism, based on the Single Folding Model, is used for two sets of Dirac nucleon optical potential parameters. Both potentials are designed to fit the proton elastic scattering observables at half the incident deuteron energy. The two potentials give different predictions for the deuteron scattering observables when used in the Schrodinger equation with relativistic kinematics. Good qualitative agreement with the experimental observables is obtained in both cases for deuteron elastic cross-section, vector (Ay) and tensor (Ayy) analyzing power data of the Saclay group. Quantitative discrepancies between theory and data, particularly in Ayy, suggest mechanisms missing from the simple three-body model. To this end, two sources of spin-dependent effects, Pauli-blocking and breakup of the deuteron to spin-singlet intermediate states, are studied. The role of the spin-dependence associated with Pauli-blocking is studied quantitatively for the d-58 Ni system. The magnitude of the momentum-dependent Tp tensor interaction, is shown to pass through a local maximum in the region of 400 MeV incident deuteron energy. Comparison of numerical calculations with the available experimental data at this energy shows the Pauli mechanism not to be responsible for outstanding discrepancies between theory and data. Breakup effects on the elastic amplitude are studied within a two-step calculation, using two separate high energy methods. The first neglects distortion in the initial, final and intermediate states. Use is made of the Adiabatic approximation, which allows closure over the intermediate breakup states. The effect on the elastic amplitude due to breakup to both triplet and singlet intermediate spin states are calculated. The inclusion of spin-singlet breakup in the model has a very large effect on Ayy, compared with that of spin-triplet breakup. This is attributed to a large contribution from a TL-like tensor interaction in the case of singlet breakup, which is negligibly small in the triplet case. Second order breakup effects are also calculated in Glauber theory, using central potentials. Continuum-continuum coupling effects are found to be negligible at intermediate energies, and thus the two-step calculation is adequate. Glauber theory shows, however, that distortion effects are important at these energies, and suggests the need for a more accurate treatment of spin-singlet breakup effects in future calculations.
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Andersson, Ida, e Anders Hedvall. "Relationships Between Skin Properties and Body Water Level". Thesis, KTH, Medicinsk teknik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-133438.
A need for a quantitative method to determine body water level has been identified by a team of Clinical Innovation Fellows at the Centre for Technology in Medicine and Health (CTMH). A reliable way to determine body water level would bring great benefits to the healthcare sector, where no optimal method is available at the time of writing. A possible solution is a sensor that would measure alterations in skin properties due to changes in total body water. CTMH has had an idea of such a sensor, which is evaluated in this work. At an early stage of this evaluation process, it became clear that the research regarding correlations between skin properties and body hydration level was not sufficient to warrant the initiation of a sensor development process. Therefore, the main objective of this thesis became to investigate such correlations. An extensive literature review is presented, from which an experiment was developed. The experiment was performed on four human test subjects and involved measurements of skin thickness and elasticity parameters, before and after a weight loss of 3.2-3.7 % due to dehydration. The results showed clear decreases in skin thickness and indications of alterations in skin distensibility as well as in the skin’s immediate elastic response to applied negative pressure. It could also be seen that skin at different body sites does not respond in the same way - calves showed more distinct results than thighs and volar forearm. The material provided in this thesis encourages further studies of the correlation between the mentioned properties and total body water. If a predictable correlation can be found, a sensor development process could start. A reliable way to determine body water level would bring great benefits to the healthcare sector, where no optimal method is available at the time of writing. Ett behov av att kvantitativt kunna mäta kroppens vattennivå har identifierats av Clinical Innovation Fellowship vid Centrum för Teknik i Medicin och Hälsa (CTMH). Ett tillförlitligt sätt att mäta kroppens vattennivå skulle gynna hälso- och sjukvården på många sätt då ingen optimal metod är tillgänglig i dagsläget. En möjlig lösning skulle kunna vara en sensor som mäter variationer i hudegenskaper till följd av förändringar i kroppens vattennivå. CTMH har haft en idé om en sådan sensor, vilken utvärderas i detta arbete. I ett tidigt skede av utvärderingsprocessen framkom det tydligt att tillräcklig forskning saknades gällande korrelationer mellan hudens egenskaper och kroppens vattennivå. Det huvudsakliga syftet med detta masterexamensarbete blev därför att undersöka sådana korrelationer. En omfattande litteraturgransking gjordes, och utifrån denna utformades ett experiment. Experimentet utfördes på fyra testpersoner och innefattade mätningar av hudens tjocklek samt elasticitetsparameterar. Dessa utfördes före och efter viktnedgång av 3,2-3,7 % till följd av vattenförlust. Resultaten visade på en tydlig minskning av hudtjockleken samt indikationer på förändringar av hudens tänjbarhet samt dess omedelbara elastiska respons vid pålagt negativt tryck. Det visade sig också att huden inte reagerar på samma sätt på olika kroppsdelar - vader visade tydligare förändringar jämfört med lår och armar. Det material som presenteras i detta examensarbete uppmuntrar till fortsatt utredning av korrelationer mellan de nämnda hudegenskaperna och kroppens vattennivå. Om det går att förutse korrelationer finns det förutsättningar för att påbörja utveckling av en sensor.
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Mermod, Philippe. "Neutron-Deuteron Scattering and Three-Body Interactions". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-6739.
Robillard, Travis Joseph-McCoy. "Calculation of caloric expenditure for elastic resistance training in upper and lower body exercise". Thesis, Wichita State University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10057/6839.
Caloric expenditure of hundreds of activities, including conditioning exercises,
occupational activities such as masonry work, self-care activities such as dressing, and
lawn care activities such as mowing, have been previously reported (Ainsworth et al.,
2000). However, there is little research that has been done in this specific area of MET
calculation in regards to elastic resistance training. Elastic resistance training is a type of
training in which one uses an elastic band to create tension during resistance/strength
exercise. While there are a variety of ways to evaluate exercise intensity, METs
(Metabolic Equivalence of Tasks) were used to evaluate the energy cost for elastic
resistance exercises. The purpose of this study was to determine the METs and caloric
expenditure per minute associated with elastic resistance exercise. 15 undergraduate and
graduate exercise science students (6 male; 9 female) ages 18-25 (21.60 plus/minus 1.99 years),
completed 10 repetitions of 10 upper and lower body exercises using two different
strengths of Thera-bands (blue; black). METs and caloric expenditure were calculated
from participants' relative oxygen consumption. Data were analyzed and a significant
difference (p<0.01) was found between upper and lower body exercise as well as between
the blue and black elastic bands. Lower body exercises performed by the black Theraband
yielded significantly (p<0.01) higher energy costs (5.13kcal plus/minus 1.54; 3.85 MET plus/minus 0.5)
compared to pre-exercise (2.06kcal plus/minus 0.67; 1.57MET plus/minus .046), black upper body
(4.06kcal plus/minus 1.17; 3.05 MET plus/minus 0.44), blue upper body (3.94kcal plus/minus 1.24; 2.95 MET plus/minus 0.43)
and blue lower body (4.69kcal plus/minus 1.48; 3.51 MET plus/minus 0.49) trials. In conclusion, individuals
burned more calories with greater resistance and during lower body exercise. The
exercise program fit ACSM's MET guidelines for a moderate-intensity exercise. Thesis (M.Ed.)--Wichita State University, College of Education, Dept. of Human Performance Studies
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Scarso, Jacek Ludwig. "Making theatre elastic : a practice-led PhD on performance research with Elastic Theatre, focusing on the body of work produced between 2005 and 2011". Thesis, London Metropolitan University, 2014. http://repository.londonmet.ac.uk/690/.
The present discussion is based on my performance research with Elastic Theatre (originally named Vocal Motions and also known as Vocal Motions Elastic Theatre), a company that I founded and have directed since 2001. A specific focus is placed on the body of work produced between 2005 and 2011, which comprises six performance outputs: Ophelia’s Song (2005-2006), Medea Made Medea (2007), The Magdalene Mysteries (2008), Medousa (2009), The Passion of Saints Sergius and Bacchus (2009) and Baroccata/Baroque Box (2010-2011). These productions have been informed by an overriding ethos, which is presented and reflected upon in the following chapters. I refer to such ethos by using the term elasticity, which I define in the Introduction, contextualising this within the broader spectrum of contemporary tendencies in performance practices, with particular reference to the notion of 'post-dramatic theatre'. This concept of elasticity is presented in relation to three aspects of my productions: respectively, the combination of performance disciplines (Chapter 1), the dramaturgical approach (Chapter 2) and the staging choices made (Chapter 3). Across these chapters, I provide a contextual overview of the aspect treated, a discussion of my methodology in relation to this, and a reflection on my findings, referring to the concept of 'liminality'. My Conclusion draws my reflections together, emphasising the original contribution that my work has represented in the field of contemporary performance. Each of my outputs is documented in the Appendices, through written, photographic and video material. The Appendices also include a chronological overview of the productions discussed, a summary/glossary of my methodological strategies and a brief presentation of the company’s history. Additional details can be found on the website: http://www.elastictheatre.com.
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Hopkins, Michael Anthony. "Dynamic Locomotion and Whole-Body Control for Compliant Humanoids". Diss., Virginia Tech, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/71808.
With the ability to navigate natural and man-made environments and utilize standard human tools, humanoid robots have the potential to transform emergency response and disaster relief applications by serving as first responders in hazardous scenarios. Such applications will require major advances in humanoid control, enabling robots to traverse difficult, cluttered terrain with both speed and stability. To advance the state of the art, this dissertation presents a complete dynamic locomotion and whole-body control framework for compliant (torque-controlled) humanoids. We develop low-level, mid-level, and high-level controllers to enable low-impedance balancing and walking on compliant and uneven terrain.
For low-level control, we present a cascaded joint impedance controller for series elastic humanoids with parallel actuation. A distributed controller architecture is implemented using a dual-axis motor controller that computes desired actuator forces and motor currents using simple models of the joint mechanisms and series elastic actuators. An inner-loop force controller is developed using feedforward and PID control with a model-based disturbance observer, enabling naturally compliant behaviors with low joint impedance.
For mid-level control, we implement an optimization-based whole-body control strategy assuming a rigid body model of the robot. Joint torque setpoints are computed using an efficient quadratic program (QP) given desired joint accelerations, spatial accelerations, and momentum rates of change. Constraints on the centroidal dynamics, contact forces, and joint limits ensure admissibility of the optimized setpoints. Using this approach, we develop compliant standing and stepping behaviors based on simple feedback controllers.
For high-level control, we present a dynamic planning and control approach for humanoid locomotion using a novel time-varying extension of the Divergent Component of Motion (DCM). By varying the natural frequency of the DCM, we are able to achieve generic vertical center of mass (CoM) trajectories during walking. Complementary reverse-time integration and model predictive control (MPC) strategies are proposed to generate dynamically feasible DCM plans over a multi-step preview window, supporting locomotion on uneven terrain.
The proposed approach is validated through experimental results obtained using THOR, a 34 degree of freedom (DOF) series elastic humanoid. Rough terrain locomotion is demonstrated in simulation, and compliant locomotion and push recovery are demonstrated in hardware. We discuss practical considerations that led to a successful implementation on the THOR hardware platform and conclude with an application of the presented control framework for humanoid firefighting onboard the ex-USS Shadwell, a decommissioned Navy ship. Ph. D.
Tripathi, Ratikanta. Proton-nucleus elastic cross sections using two-body in-medium scattering amplitudes. Hampton, Va: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 2001.
Tripathi, Ratikanta. Proton-nucleus elastic cross sections using two-body in-medium scattering amplitudes. Hampton, Va: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 2001.
Tripathi, Ratikanta. Proton-nucleus elastic cross sections using two-body in-medium scattering amplitudes. Hampton, Va: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 2001.
Tripathi, Ratikanta. Proton-nucleus elastic cross sections using two-body in-medium scattering amplitudes. Hampton, Va: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 2001.
Capítulos de livros sobre o assunto "Elastin body":
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Slepyan, Leonid I. "Nonlinear Elastic Body". In Foundations of Engineering Mechanics, 205–28. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-48010-5_7.
Fridman, Vladimir. "Vibrations of a Three-Dimensional Body, Plate and Ring". In Theory of Elastic Oscillations, 41–52. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4786-2_2.
Maißer, P. "Analytical Multi-body Dynamics". In Dynamical Problems of Rigid-Elastic Systems and Structures, 143–50. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84458-4_16.
Ishlinsky, A. Yu. "Mechanics of Multi-body Systems". In Dynamical Problems of Rigid-Elastic Systems and Structures, 103–16. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84458-4_12.
Zhong, Zheng, e Guojun Nie. "Fundamentals for an Elastic FGM Body". In Analytical or Semi-analytical Solutions of Functionally Graded Material Structures, 29–57. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2004-1_2.
Chen, Muyang, e Lei Chang. "Elastic Form Factor of Pseudoscalar Mesons". In Recent Progress in Few-Body Physics, 653–56. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32357-8_103.
Karami, G. "Boundary Element Method for Elastic Thermo-Elastic Body Force Problems Using Pseudo-Body Force Approach". In Computational Mechanics ’88, 78–79. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61381-4_18.
Slepyan, Leonid I. "Static Cracks in a Linearly Elastic Body". In Foundations of Engineering Mechanics, 143–203. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-48010-5_6.
Sorge, K., H. Bremer e F. Pfeiffer. "Multi-Body Systems with Rigid-Elastic Subsystems". In Advanced Multibody System Dynamics, 195–215. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0625-4_10.
Berdichevsky, V. L. "Statics of a Geometrically Linear Elastic Body". In Variational Principles of Continuum Mechanics, 285–339. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-88467-5_6.
Trabalhos de conferências sobre o assunto "Elastin body":
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Wang, Yunjie, e Katherine Yanhang Zhang. "The Biomechanical Properties of Arterial Elastin With Glucose Effect". In ASME 2013 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2013-14200.
Elastin, as one of the major extracellular matrix (ECM) components, is essential to accommodate physiological deformation and provide elastic support for blood vessels. Elastin is a long-lived ECM protein and it can suffer from cumulative effects of exposure to chemical damage, which can greatly compromise its biomechanical properties. The mechanical properties of elastin are related to its microstructure and the chemical environment. Glucose is an important carbohydrate in human body. The effect of glucose on the mechanical properties of blood vessels is especially magnified in diabetic patients [1]. Glucose can directly condense with amino groups of proteins by nonenzymatic glycation, which is one of the main mechanisms of aging [2].
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Meadley, Stacey L., Umakanta Tripathy, Paul W. Wiseman e Richard L. Leask. "Multiphoton Microscopy of Healthy and Aneurismal Human Ascending Aorta". In ASME 2009 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2009-206152.
The ascending aorta (AA) is the largest artery in the human body. It is responsible for transporting blood between the heart and the rest of the body. The structure of the AA allows it to withstand the resulting blood flow forces. This unique structure is due primarily to the proteins collagen and elastin. Collagen accounts for the strength of the aorta while the mechanical properties of the tissue, under healthy physiological conditions, is dominated by the elastin. Aneurysms are the primary disease associated with the AA, where the diameter of the vessel increases over 1.5 times its original size. Aneurysms can result in severe blood flow disturbances or rupture of the AA and almost always require surgical intervention. The development of an aneurysm is due to a weakening of the aortic wall, specifically the degradation of the structural proteins. This study examines the changes that occur to collagen and elastin in the ascending aorta with aneurysms using multiphoton microscopy. Specifically, the orientation of collagen fibers and the morphology of the fenestrations in the elastic lamina are compared between healthy and dilated human ascending aortas.
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Stephen, Beth, Theresa A. Good, Joseph B. Washington e L. D. Timmie Topoleski. "The Effect of Oxidation on the Mechanical Response of Elastin Isolated From Porcine Aorta". In ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2011-53147.
Arteries play a critical role in human health, and consequently are extensively studied as a biological component. However, the primary function of arteries is mechanical; they conduct blood through the body. Therefore, arteries, and their structure-function relationships, must also be studied as biomaterials.
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Mahjour-Shafiei, M. "Proton-proton bremsstrahlung towards the elastic limit". In FEW-BODY PROBLEMS IN PHYSICS: The 19th European Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics. AIP, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1932889.
Siegert, Klaus, Markus Häusermann, Bernd Haller, Werner Fritz e Jürgen Hohnhaus. "Segment-Elastic Blankholder in Cooperation with a New Press Design". In International Body Engineering Conference & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/1999-01-3226.
Ibishi, A. I. "Proton - 18O elastic scattering cross sections at high energies". In FEW-BODY PROBLEMS IN PHYSICS: The 19th European Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics. AIP, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1932983.
Pinto, S. A. "3H and 3He elastic electromagnetic form factors in the covariant spectator theory". In FEW-BODY PROBLEMS IN PHYSICS: The 19th European Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics. AIP, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1932972.
Meena, Sachin, V. B. Surya Prasath, Kannappan Palaniappan e Guna Seetharaman. "Elastic body spline based image segmentation". In 2014 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icip.2014.7025888.
Marghitu, Dan B. "Frictional Impact of an Elastic Body". In ASME 1995 Design Engineering Technical Conferences collocated with the ASME 1995 15th International Computers in Engineering Conference and the ASME 1995 9th Annual Engineering Database Symposium. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc1995-0259.
Abstract A model is presented for the impact with friction of a flexible beam in translational and rotational motions. This model enables one to predict the rigid body motion as well as the elastic after the impact. The system of equations is written in the Lagrangean formalism using a set of coupled reference position and local elastic generalized coordinates. The model uses an experimental dynamic coefficient of friction and an experimental co-efficient of restitution. We introduce a finite number of vibrational modes to take into account the vibrational behavior of the beam during impact.
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Punjabi, V., R. Abegg, S. Belostotsky, M. Boivin, A. Boudard, E. Cheung, V. Ladygin et al. "T20 and κ0 in deuteron backward elastic scattering". In The 14th international conference of few-body problems in physics. AIP, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.48212.
Relatórios de organizações sobre o assunto "Elastin body":
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Videen, Gorden, e Eric Sandvol. Elastic Scattering from a Spherical Body Eccentrically Located within a Sphere: Theoretical Derivation. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, agosto de 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada328546.
Carew, John. Deuteron-Deuteron Elastic and Three and Four-Body Breakup Scattering Using the Faddeev-Yakubovskii Equations. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), janeiro de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1763355.
Penel-Nottaris, Emilie. Experiment E89-044 of quasi-elastic diffusion 3He(e,e'p) at Jefferson Laboratory: Analyze cross sections of the two body breakup in parallel kinematics; Experience E89-044 de diffusion quasi-elastique 3he(e,e'p) au Jefferson Laboratory : analyse des sections efficaces de desintegration a deux corps en cinematique parallele. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), julho de 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/833906.
