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Artigos de revistas sobre o tema "Electrical-optical modulator"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 12 de outubro de 2024

Última modificação: 19 de julho de 2025

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1

M. A. Eid, Mahmoud, Ashraf S. Seliem, Ahmed Nabih Zaki Rashed, Abd El-Naser A. Mohammed, Mohamed Yassin Ali, and Shaimaa S. Abaza. "The key management of direct/external modulation semiconductor laser response systems for relative intensity noise control." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 21, no. 2 (2021): 968. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v21.i2.pp968-977.

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<p><span>This study outlines the management of either direct or external modulation semiconductor laser systems for the key solution of bit rate up to 25 Gb/s under relative intensity noise (RIN) control. The bias and modulation peak currents based laser rate equations are optimized to achieve max Q factor and min bit error rate (BER) using first proposed model and optical/electrical signal power, optical/electrical signal to noise ratio are also enhanced using second proposed model. The percentage enhancement ratio in max. Q-factor and min. BER using first proposed model ranges fr

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2

Zhou, Zhipeng, Zean Li, Cheng Qiu, et al. "A Design of High-Efficiency: Vertical Accumulation Modulators Based on Silicon Photonics." Nanomaterials 13, no. 24 (2023): 3157. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano13243157.

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On-chip optical modulators, which are capable of converting electrical signals into optical signals, constitute the foundational components of photonic devices. Photonics modulators exhibiting high modulation efficiency and low insertion loss are highly sought after in numerous critical applications, such as optical phase steering, optical coherent imaging, and optical computing. This paper introduces a novel accumulation-type vertical modulator structure based on a silicon photonics platform. By incorporating a high-K dielectric layer of ZrO2, we have observed an increase in modulation effici

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3

Supasai, Wisut, Apirat Siritaratiwat, Chavis Srichan, et al. "Enhancing modulation performance by design of hybrid plasmonic optical modulator integrating multi-layer graphene and TiO₂ on silicon waveguides." Nanotechnology 35, no. 31 (2024): 315201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/ad43f2.

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Abstract A novel way to enhance modulation performance is through the design of a hybrid plasmonic optical modulator that integrates multi-layer graphene and TiO2 on silicon waveguides. In this article, a design is presented of a proposed modulator based on the use of the two-dimensional finite difference eigenmode solver, the three-dimensional eigenmode expansion solver, and the CHARGE solver. Leveraging inherent graphene properties and utilizing the subwavelength confinement capabilities of hybrid plasmonic waveguides (HPWs), we achieved a modulator design that is both compact and highly eff

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4

Thomson, David J., Weiwei Zhang, Ke Li, et al. "Silicon photonics for high data rate applications -INVITED." EPJ Web of Conferences 238 (2020): 01005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202023801005.

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The high speed conversion of signals between the optical and electrical domains is crucial for many key applications of silicon photonics. Electro-optic modulators integrated with electronic drive amplifiers are typically used to convert an electrical signal to the optical domain. Design of these individual elements is important to achieve high performance, however a true optimisation requires careful co-design of the photonic and electronic components considering the properties of each other. Here we present our recent results in this area together with a MOSCAP type modulator with the potent

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5

Gosciniak, Jacek. "Ultra-compact nonvolatile plasmonic phase change modulators and switches with dual electrical–optical functionality." AIP Advances 12, no. 3 (2022): 035321. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0082094.

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Programmable photonic integrated circuits (PICs) are the foundation of on-chip optical technologies, with the optical modulators being one of the main building blocks of such programmable PICs. However, most of the available modulators suffer from high power consumption, low response time, and large footprint. Additionally, they show a large resistance modulation; thus, they require high switching voltage. In consequence, they operate much above CMOS-compatible voltages of 1.2 V and with high insertion losses. Furthermore, the state and information they carry are lost once the power is turned

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6

Tahersima, Mohammad H., Zhizhen Ma, Yaliang Gui, et al. "Coupling-enhanced dual ITO layer electro-absorption modulator in silicon photonics." Nanophotonics 8, no. 9 (2019): 1559–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2019-0153.

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AbstractElectro-optic signal modulation provides a key functionality in modern technology and information networks. Photonic integration has not only enabled miniaturizing photonic components, but also provided performance improvements due to co-design addressing both electrical and optical device rules. The millimeter to centimeter footprint of many foundry-ready electro-optic modulators, however, limits density scaling of on-chip photonic systems. To address these limitations, here we experimentally demonstrate a coupling-enhanced electro-absorption modulator by heterogeneously integrating a

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7

Wu, Zhaoyang, Shuqing Lin, Siyuan Yu, and Yanfeng Zhang. "Submilliwatt Silicon Nitride Thermo-Optic Modulator Operating at 532 nm." Photonics 11, no. 3 (2024): 213. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics11030213.

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Optical phase control is essential for optical beam steering applications. The silicon nitride thermo-optic modulator generally suffers from high electrical power consumption. Microresonator and multipass structures could reduce the electrical power consumption of silicon nitride thermo-optic modulators, with the drawback of a narrow operating bandwidth and high insertion loss. We demonstrate a single-pass silicon nitride thermo-optic phase modulator at 532 nm with low insertion loss and low power consumption, achieving a π phase shift power consumption down to 0.63 mW in a Mach–Zehnder switch

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8

Feng, Song, and Bin Xue. "Micro-Nano Electro-Optic Modulator Structure Based on the Si/SiGe/Si Material." Journal of Nanoelectronics and Optoelectronics 15, no. 6 (2020): 693–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jno.2020.2796.

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The modulation power consumption and the modulation efficiency are the key parameters of the electro-optic modulator, which directly affect the electro-optic modulator's photoelectric properties. Improving the performance of the electro-optic modulator, a micro-nano electro-optic modulator structure based on the Si/SiGe/Si material is proposed in this paper, which has low power consumption and high efficiency. After the plasma dispersion effects and the thermo-optic effects are analyzed, we can know that the performance of the electro-optic modulator could be affected by the carrier concentrat

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9

Ogawa, Kensuke. "Increase in Modulation Speed of Silicon Photonics Modulator with Quantum-Well Slab Wings: New Insights from a Numerical Study." Photonics 11, no. 6 (2024): 535. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics11060535.

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A Silicon Photonics modulator is a high-speed photonic integrated circuit for optical data transmission in high-capacity optical networks. Silicon Photonics modulators in the configuration of a Mach–Zehnder interferometer, in which a PN-junction rib-waveguide phase shifter is inserted in each arm of the interferometer, are studied in this paper because of their superior performance of high-quality optical data generation in a wide range of spectral bands and their simplicity in fabrication processes suitable to production in foundries. Design, fabrication, and fundamental characteristics of Si

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10

Hu, Xiao, and Jian Wang. "Design of graphene-based polarization-insensitive optical modulator." Nanophotonics 7, no. 3 (2018): 651–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2017-0088.

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AbstractBy exploiting the electroabsorption effect of graphene, we present a graphene-based polarization-insensitive optical modulator. The waveguide structure consists of a silica substrate, high-index silicon strip waveguide, Si3N4dielectric spacer, two graphene layers, and two metal electrodes. The modulator performance is comprehensively studied in terms of attenuation, insertion loss, modulation depth, and bandwidth. We achieve broadband >16 dB attenuation graphene-based optical modulator over a 35 nm wavelength range (covering C band) with an imbalance of no >1 dB and insertion los

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11

Félix Rosa, María, Lotte Rathgeber, Raik Elster, et al. "Design of a carrier-depletion Mach-Zehnder modulator in 250 nm silicon-on-insulator technology." Advances in Radio Science 15 (December 5, 2017): 269–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ars-15-269-2017.

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Abstract. We present the design of a single-drive Mach-Zehnder modulator for amplitude modulation in silicon-on-insulator technology with 250 nm active layer thickness. The applied RF signal modulates the carrier density in a reverse biased lateral pn-junction. The free carrier plasma dispersion effect in silicon leads to a change in the refractive index. The modulation efficiency and the optical loss due to free carriers are analyzed for different doping configurations. The intrinsic electrical parameters of the pn-junction of the phase shifter like resistance and capacitance and the correspo

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Abd. Al-Salam, Abdulrazak. "Evaluation of Mtf for Fractal Optical Modulator to Znse." University of Thi-Qar Journal of Science 4, no. 4 (2014): 152–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.32792/utq/utjsci/v4i4.685.

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Optical modulator is an important component in optical system. It is a device, which changes the angle between the vision line to the target and coordinate to electrical signal. Through this study we have designed the fractal optical modulator consisting of eighteen sector, by building a computer program (SAM1) using visual basic language. In this paper assume that nine sectors one opaque and the other nine sectors are transmitted for the light. One may consider these nine sectors also as opaque for the other regions of electro-magnetic wave spectrum. For the importance of the modulation trans

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L. Jabbar, Mohammed, and Abbas Shwya Alwan. "Study of Efficiency Fractal Optical Modulator for insulator material by testing modulation transfer function." University of Thi-Qar Journal of Science 6, no. 2 (2017): 113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.32792/utq/utjsci/v6i2.17.

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Chopper is an important component in optical system. It represents a device, which changes the angle between the coordinate and vision lines of the target for the electrical signal. The chopper modulates the optical signal by a frequency dependent on the number and sectors shapes. The optical modulator takes shapes of various circular due to the need for it. Through this study we have designed the fractal optical modulator its two circles inner and outer, each circle involving in eighteen sectors, by building a computer program using visual basic language. In this paper, we assume that nine se

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14

Yang, Tao, Lutong Cai, Zhanhua Huang, and Lin Zhang. "High-Linearity Dual-Parallel Mach–Zehnder Modulators in Thin-Film Lithium Niobate." Photonics 11, no. 10 (2024): 987. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics11100987.

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Microwave photonic (MWP) systems are inseparable from conversions of microwave electrical signals into optical signals, and their performances highly depend on the linearity of electro-optic modulators. Thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN) is expected to be an ideal platform for future microwave photonic systems due to its compact size, low optical loss, linear electro-optic effect, and high bandwidth. In this paper, we propose a TFLN modulator with a low voltage–length product (VπL) of 1.97 V·cm and an ultra-high-linearity carrier-to-distortion ratio (CDR) of 112.33 dB, using a dual-parallel Mach

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15

Belhassen, Jérémy, Zeev Zalevsky, and Avi Karsenty. "Optical Polarization Sensitive Ultra-Fast Switching and Photo-Electrical Device." Nanomaterials 9, no. 12 (2019): 1743. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9121743.

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Ultra-fast electrical switches activated with an optical-polarized light trigger, also called photo-polarized activated electrical switches, are presented. A set of new transistor circuits is switched by light from above, illuminating deep V-grooves, whose angle is sensitive to the polarization of the incident. Thus, this application may serve for encryption/decryption devices since the strongest electrical responsivity is only obtained for very specific spatial polarization directions of the illumination beam. When this V-groove is sufficiently narrow, the device mainly responds to one polari

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Mittal, Ashok, and Asok De. "Integrated Balanced BPSK Modulator for Millimeter Wave Systems." Active and Passive Electronic Components 2007 (2007): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2007/69515.

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This paper details the design of integrated balanced PSK modulator using finline coplanar line hybrid junction. The PSK signal output is in suspended stripline with incident wave carrier in finline. Schottky barrier Diode MA4E2037 has been used for modulation. The balanced configuration offers high isolation between the carrier input port and the modulated carrier output port and thus the pulse width variations and amplitude deviations are suppressed. An insertion loss imbalance of±1.5 dB with an average loss of 2 dB in the two switching states has been achieved over 38.9 to 40 GHz. The phase

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17

Yin, Yihui, Jiayu Yang, Haiou Li, Wanli Yang, Yue Li, and Hanyu Li. "Design of High-Speed Thin-Film Lithium Niobate Modulator Utilizing Flip-Chip Bonding with Bump Contacts." Electronics 13, no. 22 (2024): 4463. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics13224463.

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Currently, the high-speed performance of thin-film lithium niobate electro-optic modulator chips is evolving rapidly. Nevertheless, due to the inherent technical limitations imposed by the packaging design and material architecture, the intrinsic electro-optic bandwidth of thin-film lithium niobate electro-optic modulator chips often exceeds the bandwidth of their packaging interfaces, which can constrain the realization of modulation performance. Bump bonding emerges as a high-bandwidth EO interconnection technology, outperforming wire bonding for faster optical communication. In this paper,

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18

Bhowmik, Tanmay, and Debabrata Sikdar. "Parallel directional coupler based dual-polarization electro-absorption modulator using epsilon near-zero material." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 55, no. 13 (2021): 135107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/ac4455.

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Abstract Electro-optical modulation, where a radio frequency signal can be encoded in an optical field, is crucial to decide the overall performance of an integrated photonics system. Due to the growing internet penetration rate worldwide, polarization-division-multiplexing (PDM) technique has emerged to increase the link capacity, where polarization-independent modulators are desirable to reduce system complexity. In this study, we propose a novel parallel directional coupler based dual-polarization electro-absorption modulator based on epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) material. The proposed design is

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19

Liu, Zhe, Dayong Wang, Weimin Zhu, et al. "Microwave Photonics Broadband Doppler Velocity Simulator with High Spurious Suppression Ratio by Using Serrodyne Modulation." Photonics 11, no. 4 (2024): 357. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics11040357.

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A Doppler velocity simulation method based on serrodyne modulation is proposed to achieve the frequency shift from hundred hertz to megahertz. One sub-phase modulation (PM) in a dual-parallel dual-drive Mach–Zehnder modulator loads a sawtooth signal to achieve a small frequency shift of the optical carrier. The other three sub-PMs implement carrier-suppressed double-band modulation of the RF signal. The RF signal is directly coupled from the receiving antenna to the modulator’s RF port without any electrical devices like a 90° hybrid, which ensures a broad operational bandwidth of the system.

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20

Deshours, Frédérique, Anne-Laure Billabert, Catherine Algani, Fabrice Blache, Christian Rumelhard, and Georges Alquié. "A 40 Gbps electro-absorption modulator integrated laser modeling method for optical transmitter in ultra-wide band radio-over-fiber systems." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 1, no. 6 (2009): 511–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078709990791.

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The great interest of optical fiber links in communicating systems especially in ultra-wide band (UWB) communications has grown up in the last decade and requires co-simulation for mixed circuits design exploiting both optical and microwave domains. In this paper, we report an original modeling method of an electro-absorption modulator associated with a distributed-feedback laser to simulate an optical transmitter of an UWB over fiber system. Large signal optoelectronic device models can be developed and implemented in a high-frequency simulator, such as advanced design system-Ptolemy to analy

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Mahrous, Hany, Mostafa Fedawy, Mira Abboud, W. Fikry, and Michael Gad. "A Machine Learning Approach for Efficient Mach-Zehnder Modulator Design." Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Sciences and Engineering Technology 64, no. 4 (2025): 173–86. https://doi.org/10.37934/araset.64.4.173186.

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The advancement of silicon photonics modulators is vital for achieving high-speed optical communications. However, designing optical modulators is a complex and resource-intensive task due to the large number of design parameters. Traditionally, the design of silicon photonics modulator depends on electrical and optical simulations. This work introduces employing machine learning models as a powerful design approach for MOS-like Mach-Zehnder Modulators to overcome the traditional design complexity. The proposed design and methodology build upon prior successful efforts in developing electro-op

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Guan, Mengyuan, Lu Wang, Fangping Li, et al. "Photonic Generation of Background-Free Phase-Coded Microwave Pulses with Elimination of Power Fading." Photonics 10, no. 1 (2023): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics10010066.

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We report a novel photonic scheme to generate background-free phase-coded microwave pulses with elimination of power fading by cascading a dual-polarization dual-parallel Mach–Zehnder modulator (DP-DPMZM) and a polarization modulator (PolM). The DP-DPMZM is driven by a radio frequency (RF) signal to generate two first-order optical sidebands with an orthogonal polarization state, while the PolM is driven by a three-level electrical coding signal. By properly adjusting the polarization state, a series of background-free frequency-doubled phase-coded microwave pulses can be generated after optic

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23

Epikhin, V. M., M. M. Mazur, A. V. Ryabinin, P. V. Kamaushkin, and L. I. Mazur. "Acousto-optic modulators/frequency shifters with single-mode optic fibers." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2127, no. 1 (2021): 012037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2127/1/012037.

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Abstract Acousto-optic modulators/frequency shifters based on TeO2 crystals with single-mode optical fibers supporting and not supporting polarization for collimated and focused light beams at radiation wavelengths of 785, 1064, 1550 nm have been developed, produced and experimentally investigated. The mechanisms of formation and methods of expanding the working band of the modulator are determined. A double-crystal acousto-optic laser emission frequency shifter with an working bandwidth of ≈40 MHz has been created. Single-crystal modulators based on collimated beams with a frequency band of ≈

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Josten, Arne, Benedikt Baeuerle, Romain Bonjour, Wolfgang Heni, and Juerg Leuthold. "Optical Transmitters without Driver Amplifiers—Optimal Operation Conditions." Applied Sciences 8, no. 9 (2018): 1652. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app8091652.

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An important challenge in optical communications is the generation of highest-quality waveforms with a Mach–Zehnder modulator with a limited electrical swing (Vpp). For this, we discuss, under limited Vpp, the influence of the waveform design on the root-mean-square amplitude, and thus, the optical signal quality. We discuss the influence of the pulse shape, clipping, and digital pre-distortion on the signal quality after the electrical-to-optical conversion. Our simulations and experiments, e.g., suggest that pre-distortion comes at the expense of electrical swing of the eye-opening and resul

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Kareem, Marwa M., Sameer A. S. Lafta, Hadi Fakhir Hashim, Raed Khalid Al-Azzawi, and Adnan Hussein Ali. "Analyzing the BER and optical fiber length performances in OFDM RoF links." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 23, no. 3 (2021): 1501. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v23.i3.pp1501-1509.

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Radio over fiber (RoF) can be assessed as a system of most convenient combination of optical fiber and radio signals. The technique of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) considers as a data distribution over a huge number of carriers having spaced from each other with specific frequencies at overlap bands. Hence incorporates OFDM with the optical fiber, OFDM-RoF system can be increased the modulation RF access capacity besides high-speed data transmission, it considers a broadband communication trend of the current and future applications specifically for 5G mobile. The optical

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Kareem, Marwah M., Sameer A. S. Lafta, Hadi Fakhir Hashim, Raed Khalid Al-Azzawi, and Adnan Hussein Ali. "Analyzing the BER and optical fiber length performances in OFDM RoF links." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 23, no. 3 (2021): 1501–9. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v23.i3.pp1501-1509.

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Radio over fiber (RoF) can be assessed as a system of most convenient combination of optical fiber and radio signals. The technique of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) considers as a data distribution over a huge number of carriers having spaced from each other with specific frequencies at overlap bands. Hence incorporates OFDM with the optical fiber, OFDM-RoF system can be increased the modulation RF access capacity besides high-speed data transmission, it considers a broadband communication trend of the current and future applications specifically for 5G mobile. The optical

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Sun, Feiying, Changbin Nie, Xingzhan Wei, Hu Mao, Yupeng Zhang, and Guo Ping Wang. "All-optical modulation based on MoS₂-Plasmonic nanoslit hybrid structures." Nanophotonics 10, no. 16 (2021): 3957–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2021-0279.

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Abstract Two-dimensional (2D) materials with excellent optical properties and complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) compatibility have promising application prospects for developing highly efficient, small-scale all-optical modulators. However, due to the weak nonlinear light-material interaction, high power density and large contact area are usually required, resulting in low light modulation efficiency. In addition, the use of such large-band-gap materials limits the modulation wavelength. In this study, we propose an all-optical modulator integrated Si waveguide and single-layer Mo

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Turpaud, Victor, Thi-Hao-Nhi Nguyen, Natnicha Koompai, et al. "Tunable electro-optic frequency-comb generation around 8 µm wavelength." EPJ Web of Conferences 287 (2023): 07008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202328707008.

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Electro-optic frequency-comb is an interesting method for comb generation as it offers the possibility to electrically tune the generated frequency-comb by simply tuning the electrical signal applied on the modulator. Integrated modulators operating in a wide spectral range in the mid-IR have been demonstrated recently, relying on free carrier plasma dispersion effect in a Schottky diode embedded in a Ge-rich graded SiGe waveguide. Such integrated mid-infrared modulators have been used to generate electro-optic frequency-combs with more than 200 lines around the 8 µm wavelength optical carrier

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Xie, Xiaobing, Chao Luo, Huiyun Tang, Jinfeng Du, Ming Li, and Wei Li. "Photonic-Assisted Multi-Tone Microwave Frequency Measurement Based on Pulse Identification." Photonics 12, no. 1 (2024): 1. https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics12010001.

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We report a photonic-assisted method for measuring the frequencies of a multi-tone microwave with high accuracy based on pulse identification. The unknown microwave signal and a linearly chirped signal are modulated to an optical carrier using a dual-polarization Mach–Zehnder modulator. Carrier-suppressed single-sideband modulation avoids the generation of undesired frequency components after photodetection. An electrical bandpass filter with a narrow bandwidth selects the beat signal between the unknown signal and the linearly chirped optical tone. A pulse, generated by the beat signal, can b

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Xu, Yin, Feng Li, Zhe Kang, et al. "Hybrid Graphene-Silicon Based Polarization-Insensitive Electro-Absorption Modulator with High-Modulation Efficiency and Ultra-Broad Bandwidth." Nanomaterials 9, no. 2 (2019): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9020157.

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Polarization-insensitive modulation, i.e., overcoming the limit of conventional modulators operating under only a single-polarization state, is desirable for high-capacity on-chip optical interconnects. Here, we propose a hybrid graphene-silicon-based polarization-insensitive electro-absorption modulator (EAM) with high-modulation efficiency and ultra-broad bandwidth. The hybrid graphene-silicon waveguide is formed by leveraging multi-deposited and multi-transferred methods to enable light interaction with graphene layers in its intense field distribution region instead of the commonly used we

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Ju, Young-Gu. "A Conceptual Study of Rapidly Reconfigurable and Scalable Optical Convolutional Neural Networks Based on Free-Space Optics Using a Smart Pixel Light Modulator." Computers 14, no. 3 (2025): 111. https://doi.org/10.3390/computers14030111.

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The smart-pixel-based optical convolutional neural network was proposed to improve kernel refresh rates in scalable optical convolutional neural networks (CNNs) by replacing the spatial light modulator with a smart pixel light modulator while preserving benefits such as an unlimited input node size, cascadability, and direct kernel representation. The smart pixel light modulator enhances weight update speed, enabling rapid reconfigurability. Its fast updating capability and memory expand the application scope of scalable optical CNNs, supporting operations like convolution with multiple kernel

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Huang, Tao, Zhiqiang Fan, Jun Su, and Qi Qiu. "Time Jitter Analysis of an Optical Signal Based on Gated On-Off Optical Sampling and Dual-Dirac Modeling." Electronics 12, no. 3 (2023): 633. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12030633.

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A time jitter analysis method for an optical signal based on gated on-off optical sampling and dual-Dirac modeling is proposed and demonstrated experimentally. The optical signal under test is firstly sampled by an optical sampling pulse train generated through the gating on-off modulation of a Mach–Zehnder modulator (MZM). The sampled pulse is then broadened using optical true-time delay and electrical low-pass filtering to reduce its bandwidth to match the sample rate of a low-speed electrical analog-to-digital converter (ADC), which is used to quantify the sampled pulse. An eye diagram is o

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Armel, Bimogo Joseph, Essiben Dikoundou Jean-Francois, and Ihonock Eyembe Luc. "Comparative evaluation of optical amplifiers in passive optical access networks." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 27, no. 3 (2022): 1452. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v27.i3.pp1452-1461.

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In this paper, the parameters of optical amplifiers are evaluated using numerical methods with the Optisystem software. The main objective of this evaluation is the implementation of an optical telecommunication architecture, able to push back the current limits, due to a more and more restricted bandwidth following a demand which does not stop growing. We start from a study of the classical architecture of an optical telecommunication network with an external modulation provided by the mach zehnder modulator, the non return to zero (NRZ) coding, a pseudo random bit generator and a continuous

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Armel, Bimogo Joseph, Essiben Dikoundou Jean-Francois, and Ihonock Eyembe Luc. "Comparative evaluation of optical amplifiers in passive optical access networks." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 27, no. 3 (2022): 1452–61. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v27.i3.pp1452-1461.

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In this paper, the parameters of optical amplifiers are evaluated using numerical methods with the Optisystem software. The main objective of this evaluation is the implementation of an optical telecommunication architecture, able to push back the current limits, due to a more and more restricted bandwidth following a demand which does not stop growing. We start from a study of the classical architecture of an optical telecommunication network with an external modulation provided by the mach zehnder modulator, the non return to zero (NRZ) coding, a pseudo random bit generator and a continuous

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35

Hou, Songyan, Hao Hu, Zhihong Liu, Weichuan Xing, Jincheng Zhang, and Yue Hao. "High-Speed Electro-Optic Modulators Based on Thin-Film Lithium Niobate." Nanomaterials 14, no. 10 (2024): 867. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano14100867.

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Electro-optic modulators (EOMs) are pivotal in bridging electrical and optical domains, essential for diverse applications including optical communication, microwave signal processing, sensing, and quantum technologies. However, achieving the trifecta of high-density integration, cost-effectiveness, and superior performance remains challenging within established integrated photonics platforms. Enter thin-film lithium niobate (LN), a recent standout with its inherent electro-optic (EO) efficiency, proven industrial performance, durability, and rapid fabrication advancements. This platform inher

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Zhai, Kunpeng, Xuhua Cao, Sha Zhu, et al. "An All-Optical Microwave Frequency Divider with Tunable Division Factors Based on DP-DPMZM." Photonics 10, no. 2 (2023): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics10020138.

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Based on a dual-polarization dual-parallel Mach–Zehnder modulator (DP-DPMZM), an all-optical frequency divider is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. Two radio frequency (RF) signals are modulated on an optical carrier to work as a dual-beam master laser (ML). The optical signals of the ML are injected into a distributed feedback (DFB) laser to initiate the period-two (P2) state oscillation. By beating the output of the slave laser (SL) via circulator in a photodetector, a frequency divider with tunable factors can be achieved. The innovation of the scheme lies in having a simple structu

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Chen, Yifei, Mingxin Liu, Hongsheng Niu, et al. "Breaking efficiency-bandwidth limits of integrated silicon modulator using rib waveguide slab region doping design." Journal of Optics 26, no. 10 (2024): 105801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2040-8986/ad7519.

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Abstract Doping optimization in the slab waveguide region of a silicon photonic (SiP) modulator has always been considered to balance the optical loss and electrical resistance–capacitance constant. We found that the AC PN junction capacitance could be significantly decreased by specific doping concentrations in the slab areas. Benefiting from this effect, microwave losses are reduced and the electro-optic (EO) bandwidth is increased. As a proof-of-concept, we propose a silicon modulator based on a conventional lateral PN junction with optimized doping in the waveguide slab region. The simulat

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KUKHTAREV, N., T. KUKHTAREVA, M. E. EDWARDS, et al. "PHOTOINDUCED OPTICAL AND ELECTRICAL HIGH-VOLTAGE PULSATIONS AND PATTERN FORMATION IN PHOTOREFRACTIVE CRYSTALS." Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics & Materials 11, no. 04 (2002): 445–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218863502001164.

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We review our results on conversion of CW laser Ar-ion beam power into pulsating multi-channel outputs: optical, electric and piezoelectric with simultaneous dynamic pattern formation. We show, that electrical pulsations generate high-voltage signals that may be used as a driving voltage for the conventional electro-optical modulator. We have also demonstrated the possibility of synchronization of two optical pulsators, through regulated optical coupling in a photorefractive LiNbO3 crystal. Spatial distribution of scattered light is self-organized in different patterns (hexagonal and cross-typ

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Bin Zhang, Bin Zhang, Shiyu Liu Shiyu Liu, Xianzhu Tang Xianzhu Tang, and and Jian'gang Lu and Jian'gang Lu. "Adaptive modulation system for liquid crystal phase modulator." Chinese Optics Letters 14, no. 9 (2016): 090604–90607. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col201614.090604.

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Xu, Bin, Yao Ji, Kai Liu, and Jinhua Li. "Piezoelectric MEMS Mirror with Lissajous Scanning for Automobile Adaptive Laser Headlights." Micromachines 13, no. 7 (2022): 996. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13070996.

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The emergence of smart headlights with reconfigurable light distributions that provide optimal illumination, highlight road objects, and project symbols to communicate with traffic participants further enhances road safety. Integrating all these functions in a single headlight usually suffers from issues of bulky multi-functional add-on modules with high cost or the use of conventional spatial light modulators with low optical efficiency and complex thermal design requirements. This paper presents a novel laser headlight prototype based on biaxially resonant microelectromechanical systems (MEM

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Zou, Weiwen, Lei Yu, Shuo Yang, and Jianping Chen. "Optical pulse compression reflectometry based on single-sideband modulator driven by electrical frequency-modulated pulse." Optics Communications 367 (May 2016): 155–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optcom.2016.01.034.

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Wang, Dongfei, Xiangqing Wang, Xiaokun Yang, et al. "A Novel Frequency Double Millimeter Wave Signal Generation Scheme with Optical Carrier Suppression Based on a Single Polarization Modulator." Journal of Nanoelectronics and Optoelectronics 17, no. 6 (2022): 934–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jno.2022.3273.

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In the work, a novel and simple double frequency millimeter wave (mm-wave) signal generation scheme with optical carrier suppression (OCS) enabled by a single polarization modulator is proposed. The scheme is a simple structure to achieve the mm-wave signal generation, and the core of which just depend on a polarization modulator and two linear polarizers, and electronic circuits is needless to control the drift of modulator bias points and no optical filters is needed to filter out undesirable harmonics. The polarization angle of the first linear polarizer (POL-1) is set to 45°, the polarizat

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Ding, Jianfeng, Sizhu Shao, Lei Zhang, Xin Fu, and Lin Yang. "Silicon 16-QAM optical modulator driven by four binary electrical signals." Optics Letters 42, no. 8 (2017): 1636. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.42.001636.

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Chen, Xu, Xinqiao Chen, Siyuan Dai, Bin Li, and Ling Wang. "A Novel Inserting Pilot Radio over Fiber System without the Bit Walk-Off Effect for the Generation and Distribution of Frequency 16-Tupling Millimeter Waves by Mach–Zehnder Modulators." Photonics 11, no. 5 (2024): 410. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics11050410.

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A novel inserting pilot scheme to generate and distribute a frequency 16-tupling millimeter wave (MMW) radio over fiber (ROF) system without the bit walk-off effect via Mach–Zehnder modulators (MZMs) is proposed. The operation principle is analyzed and the feasibility of our proposed scheme is verified by simulation test. The main part of our scheme is a ±8th-order sidebands generator (SG), which is constructed by four MZMs connected in parallel. In the back-to-back (BTB) transmission case, by properly adjusting the voltage and initial phase of the radio frequency (RF) drive signals of the MZM

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Chen, Jigen, Mengli Liu, Ximei Liu, Yuyi Ouyang, Wenjun Liu, and Zhiyi Wei. "The SnSSe SA with high modulation depth for passively Q-switched fiber laser." Nanophotonics 9, no. 8 (2020): 2549–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2020-0113.

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AbstractIV–VI semiconductors have attracted widespread attention in basic research and practical applications, because of their electrical and optoelectronic properties comparable to graphene. Herein, an optical modulator based on SnSSe with strong nonlinearity is prepared by chemical vapor transfer method. The modulation depth of proposed SnSSe saturable absorber (SA) is up to 57.5%. By incorporating SnSSe SA into the laser, the Q-switched pulses as short as 547.8 ns are achieved at 1530.07 nm. As far as we know, this is the first successful application of SnSSe in Q-switched lasers. Our inve

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Stepanenko, Mikhail, Igor Yunusov, Vadim Arykov, Pavel Troyan, and Yury Zhidik. "Multi-Parameter Optimization of an InP Electro-Optic Modulator." Symmetry 12, no. 11 (2020): 1920. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym12111920.

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In this article, a method for indium phosphide (InP) electro-optic modulator (EOM) optimization is introduced. The method can be used for the design and analysis of an EOM based on the Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) design. This design is based on the division of the input optical signal into two optical paths and then, after processing, it combines the light into a single waveguide. The symmetry of the structure can provide state-of-the-art EOM characteristics with a push-pull control signal. Using a traveling wave electrode (TWE) design as a starting point, the authors varied the heterost

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47

Lowery, Arthur James. "All-optical DAC using counter-propagating optical and electrical pulses in a Mach-Zehnder modulator." Optics Express 22, no. 21 (2014): 26429. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.22.026429.

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Ebisu, Ayaka, Takahito Aoto, and Tsuyoshi Takatani. "Polarization-Modulated Optical Homodyne for Time-of-Flight Imaging with Standard CMOS Sensors." Sensors 25, no. 6 (2025): 1886. https://doi.org/10.3390/s25061886.

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Indirect time-of-flight (iToF) imaging is a widely applied technique to obtain a depth image from the phase difference of amplitude-modulated signals between emitted light and reflected light. The phase difference is computed via electrical correlation on a conventional iToF sensor. However, iToF sensors face a trade-off between spatial resolution and light collection efficiency because it is hard to downsize the circuit of the electrical correlation in a pixel. Thus, we propose a novel iToF depth imaging system based on polarization-modulated optical homodyne detection with a standard CMOS se

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49

Ye, Longfang, Kouxiang Yuan, Chunhui Zhu, Yao Zhang, Yong Zhang, and Kunzhong Lai. "Broadband high-efficiency near-infrared graphene phase modulators enabled by metal–nanoribbon integrated hybrid plasmonic waveguides." Nanophotonics 11, no. 3 (2021): 613–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2021-0709.

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Abstract The phase modulator is a key component in optical communications for its phase modulation functions. In this paper, we numerically demonstrate a variety of ultra-compact high-efficiency graphene phase modulators (GPMs) based on metal–nanoribbon integrated hybrid plasmonic waveguides in the near-infrared region. Benefiting from the good in-plane mode polarization matching and strong hybrid surface plasmon polariton and graphene interaction, the 20 μm-length GPM can achieve excellent phase modulation performance with a good phase and amplitude decoupling effect, a low insertion loss aro

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50

Zeng, Hongxin, Sen Gong, Lan Wang, et al. "A review of terahertz phase modulation from free space to guided wave integrated devices." Nanophotonics 11, no. 3 (2021): 415–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2021-0623.

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Abstract In the past ten years, terahertz technology has developed rapidly in wireless communications, spectroscopy, and imaging. Various functional devices have been developed, such as filters, absorbers, polarizers, mixers, and modulators. Among these, the terahertz phase modulation is a current research hotspot. It is the core technology to realize flexible control of the terahertz wavefront, beam scanning, focusing deflection. It is indispensable in terahertz wireless communication, high-resolution imaging, and radar systems. This review summarizes the research progress of terahertz phase

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