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Teses / dissertações sobre o tema "Electrons"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 4 de junho de 2021

Última modificação: 25 de julho de 2025

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1

Hoffrogge, Johannes Philipp. "A surface-electrode quadrupole guide for electrons." Diss., lmu, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-155503.

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2

Papageorgiou, George. "Counting electrons on helium using a single electron transistor." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.415196.

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3

Schäfer-Bung, Boris, and Mathias Nest. "Correlated dynamics of electrons with reduced two-electron density matrices." Universität Potsdam, 2008. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2010/4177/.

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We present an approach to the correlated dynamics of many-electron systems. We show, that the twoelectron reduced density matrix (2RDM) can provide a suitable description of the real time evolution of a system. To achieve this, the hierarchy of equations of motion must be truncated in a practical way. Also, the computational effort, given that the 2RDM is represented by products of two-electron determinants, is discussed, and numerical model calculations are presented.

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4

Krecinic, Faruk [Verfasser]. "Ultrafast electron diffraction and imaging using ionized electrons / Faruk Krecinic." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1142155447/34.

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5

Miller, Nathan A. "Using electron-tunneling refrigerators to cool electrons, membranes, and sensors." Connect to online resource, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3315773.

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6

Hardy, Thomas M. "Superconductivity with strongly correlated electrons and an electron-phonon interaction." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2009. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/34947.

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The effect on the stability of the superconducting phase due the addition of an electron–phonon interaction to a repulsive Hubbard model is studied. Our Hubbard–Fröhlich Hamiltonian includes electron hoping, the on-site Coulomb repulsion, vibrating ions (phonons) and the electron–phonon interaction. A Lang–Firsov transformation is used to integrate out the phonon degrees of freedom. The transformation reduces the model to simple a Hubbard Hamiltonian with an additional long-range electron–electron attraction. A variational Monte Carlo technique, with a projected BCS trial function, is used to

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7

Siedlein, Rupert V. "A search for excited electrons in electron-proton collisions at HERA /." The Ohio State University, 1994. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487854314871133.

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8

Moreira, Leandro Malard. "Raman spectroscopy of graphene:: probing phonons, electrons and electron-phonon interactions." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/ESCZ-7ZFGDY.

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Since the identification of mono and few graphene layers in a substrate in 2004, intensive work has been devoted to characterize this new material. In particular, Raman spectroscopy played an important role in unraveling the properties of graphene systems. Moreover resonant Raman scattering (RRS) in graphene systems was shown to be an important tool to probe phonons, electrons and electronphononinteractions. In this thesis, by using different laser excitation energies, we obtain important electronic and vibrational properties of mono- and bi-layer graphene. For monolayer graphene, we determine

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9

Ren, Yan-Ru. "Orbital spin-splitting factors for conduction electrons in lead." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/25961.

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A detailed experimental study has been made of the spin-splitting factors ℊc for magnetic Landau levels associated with conduction electrons in extremal orbits on the Fermi surface of lead. This information has been derived from the waveform of the de Haas-van Alphen (dHvA) quantum oscillations in the magnetization of single-crystal lead spheres at temperatures of about 1.2 K and with applied magnetic fields in the range 50-75 kG. A commercial spectrum analyzer has been used to provide on-line values of the harmonic amplitudes in the dHvA waveform, and the values of ℊc have been extracted from

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10

Dogbe, John Kofi. "Comparing cluster and slab model geometries from density functional theory calculations of si(100)-2x1 surfaces using low-energy electron diffraction." abstract and full text PDF (free order & download UNR users only), 2007. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3258835.

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11

Guinea, William Edward. "Polarisation and Alignment Studies in Electron Scattering From Rubidium." Thesis, Griffith University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367197.

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Measurements have been made of the A2 spin asymmetry in the scattering of polarised electrons from rubidium atoms. Results have been taken at an incident energy of 15, 20, 30, 50 and 80eV for elastic scattering, and at 15, 20, 30 and 50eV for 5S to 5P excitation where the fine structure has not been resolved. The measurements covered the angular range 30° to 110°. Results were taken using a crossed beam type experiment, with a hemispherical electrostatic detector. Polarised electrons were provided by a conventional gallium arsenide spin-polarised electron source. The Rmatrix and relativistic d

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12

PEROSA, GIOVANNI. "Impact of the Electrons Dynamics on the Free-electron Lasers Radiation Coherence." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Trieste, 2023. https://hdl.handle.net/11368/3041022.

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Modern science advancements rely on the possibility of producing short laser-like coherent pulses in the XUV and in the X-rays wavelength ranges to probe electronic structure in atoms, molecules and solid-state matter. For this reason, light-sources including synchrotrons, inverse Compton scattering, high harmonic generation in gas (HHG) and free electron lasers (FELs) are invaluable tools for research in these fields. In particular, they all have in common the exploitation of the radiating process resulting from electrons’ acceleration under the influence of an electromagnetic field. The aim

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13

Le, Duc-Anh. "Electrons in 5f Systems." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-61720.

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The localized/delocalized duality of 5f electrons plays an important role in understanding the complex physics of actinides. Band-structure calculations based on the ad hoc assumption that 5f electrons are simultaneously localized and delocalized explained the observed dHvA experiments very well. This ad hoc assumption also gives the correct equilibrium volume for delta-Pu. Experimentally, the duality of 5f electrons is observed by inelastic neutron scattering experiments, or by soft X-ray angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy. It is worth recalling that the origin of partial localization

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14

Hodgson, Matthew J. P. "Electrons in model nanostructures." Thesis, University of York, 2016. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/15657/.

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For calculating the properties of solids and molecules, density functional theory (DFT) has become extremely popular because of its inherent computational efficiency. However, despite being in principle exact, an approximation must be introduced into DFT in practice. The accuracy of DFT has been key to its popularity; however, even for some of the simplest systems, using common approximations to the exchange-correlation (xc) functional may give inaccurate results. Therefore, we aim to contribute to the development of improved approximate xc functionals. It is logical to begin by studying the m

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15

BARUE, CHRISTOPHE. "Etude des electrons chauds dans une source d'ions a resonance cyclotron des electrons." Paris 6, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA066405.

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La comprehension du comportement d'une source d'ions a resonance cyclotron des electrons (source d'ions ecr) est liee a la population des electrons chauds. Pour obtenir des informations sur la population des electrons chauds, on a utilise trois diagnostics: bremsstrahlung, emission cyclotron et diamagnetisme. On a realise deux types d'experiences: 1) experiences en regime transitoire (emission cyclotron et diamagnetisme) consistant a pulser la puissance hf a un niveau donne mais variable d'une serie de pulses a l'autre. Le diamagnetisme donne une densite d'electrons chauds de l'ordre de dix pu

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16

Anbumony, Kasi Lakshman Karthi Lee Soo-Young. "Analysis and correction of three-dimensional proximity effect in binary E-beam nanolithography." Auburn, Ala., 2007. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2006%20Fall/Theses/ANBUMONY_KASI_19.pdf.

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17

Fernández, Varea José María. "Interactions of electrons with matter." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/667581.

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The interaction of electrons with matter has been a subject of intense work since the beginning of the century. Although we know that the interaction is purely electromagnetic, its theoretical description is complicated by two different reasons. On the one hand, the number of particles that participate in the interaction may be very large. Even when the target is a single hydrogen atom, the collision is a three body problem for which only approximate solutions of the wave equation are known. Therefore, the interaction can only be treated by using approximat

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18

McDonough, Johnathan. "F electrons in CePbâ†3." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.338253.

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19

Green, D. G. "Positron annihilation on core electrons." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.557607.

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Diagrammatic many-body theory (MBT) is used to calculate the -y-spectra and an- nihilation rates for positrons annihilating on the core electrons of many-electron atoms. Long-range positron-atom and short-range positron-electron correlations are accounted for through the evaluation of the positron Dyson orbital and the true many-body annihilation vertex, which includes the exact electron-positron ladder series. The numerical implementation of the theory proceeds through the employment of a B-spline basis. It is tested through a comprehensive study of positron annihilation in the hydrogen-like

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20

Chi, Xinyu. "Electrons in the cosmic radiation." Thesis, Durham University, 1990. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/6570/.

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The nature of cosmic ray electrons and their radiation in the Universe has been studied. A convection associated diffusion model is proposed to describe the main characteristics of the large-scale distribution of cosmic ray electrons in the Galaxy: (1) a small Galacto-centric radial gradient; (2) spectral flattening with Galactic latitude; and (3) an extensive halo above the Disk. A new derivation of the interstellar radiation field indicates the existence of an inverse Compton γ -ray halo. This γ -ray halo can contribute up to 60% of the observed diffuse Galactic γ-ray flux at intermediate la

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21

Kaube, Benjamin. "Plasmonics : from electrons to devices." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/58997.

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From molecular sensors to perfect lenses, plasmonic devices promise a wealth of breakthrough applications by coupling light to oscillations of the electron plasma. In order to harness the full technological potential of plasmonics, coherent plasma excitations must be sustained over many cycles. On the scale of practical devices, optical properties of media are characterised by the mascroscopic dielectric function. This quantity can be determined from first principles in terms of transitions between electronic states. Understanding of losses within plasmonic systems must thus be built up from e

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22

Thorn, Penny Anne, and penny thorn@flinders edu au. "Electronic State Excitations in the Water Molecule by Collisions with Low Energy Electrons." Flinders University. Chemistry, Physics and Earth Sciences, 2008. http://catalogue.flinders.edu.au./local/adt/public/adt-SFU20080714.112505.

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The present study was largely concerned with measuring accurate absolute values for the electronic state excitation cross sections in H2O, in the incident electron energy range 15eV to 50eV. It is hoped that these data will eventually help to improve the current state of electron - molecule scattering theory, as well as being useful in various fields of modelling. As an illustration of this latter point, the cross sections determined here were used to calculate quantities of importance in atmospheric modelling, namely, electron energy transfer rates and rates for the excitation of water molec

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23

Hoffrogge, Johannes Philipp [Verfasser], and Peter [Akademischer Betreuer] Hommelhoff. "A surface-electrode quadrupole guide for electrons / Johannes Philipp Hoffrogge. Betreuer: Peter Hommelhoff." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1033270865/34.

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24

Segall, Darren Eric 1970. "Coarse-graining electronic behavior in condensed matter systems : from electrons to continuum elasticity." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/29307.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Physics, 2002.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 131-137).<br>In this thesis properties of various condensed matter systems are studied, whose dependency on electronic behavior is incorporated through coarse-grained interactions. Three specific systems are considered. In the first system of study, high momentum, plane wave states of the electronic wave function are coarse-grained, while the low momentum states are fully resolved. Moreover, the coarse-graining procedure incorporates the response of the high momentum s

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25

Sheka, E. F. "Computational Strategy for Graphene: Insight from Odd Electrons Correlation." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2012. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/35023.

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The correlation of odd electrons in graphene turns out to be significant so that the species should be attributed to correlated ones. This finding profoundly influences the computational strategy addressing it to configuration-interaction computational schemes. Owing to serious problems related to the schemes realization, a compromise can be suggested by using single-determinant approaches based on either Hartree-Fock or Density-Functional Theory in the form of unrestricted open-shell presentation. Both computational schemes enable to fix the electron correlation, while only the Hart

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26

Bao, Yunjuan. "Theoretical study of spin transport in low-dimensional systems." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B40687570.

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27

Nova, Araujo Miguel Antonio da. "2D Bloch electrons in magnetic fields." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387617.

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28

Masood, Waqas. "Electrons and waves in space plasmas." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.436333.

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29

Greer, Ruth A. "Scattering of electrons by polyatomic molecules." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.239017.

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30

Macarie, Liliana Sandina. "Correlated electrons and high-temperature superconductivity." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.307992.

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31

Al-Arab, A. M. H. "Cyclotron resonance lineshape of free electrons." Thesis, University of Reading, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.381924.

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32

Wallington, Jonathan Peter. "Effective field theories for correlated electrons." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.297769.

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33

Dzurak, Andrew Steven. "Ballistic hot-electrons in mesoscopic transistors." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308185.

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34

Slevin, Keith Martin. "Electrons in disorded one dimensional systems." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/47666.

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35

Smith, Scott Graeme. "Electrons as probes of chiral materials." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2017. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/8580/.

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In this work we present electron beam techniques for probing the chiral structure of materials. The motivation for the work lies in two distinct aspects of chiral materials science. In the first case, chiral plasmonic excitations have recently been proposed for use in a variety of sensing technologies but require structural optimisation, in which modern electron microscopy techniques excel. In the second case, the recent development of intrinsically chiral electron ‘vortex beams’ suggests the prospect of being able to discriminate chiral crystal structures directly within the electron microsco

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36

Silva, Nelson Canzian da. "UM ESPECTROMETRO \"MINI-ORANGE\" PARA ELECTRONS." Universidade de São Paulo, 1990. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/43/43131/tde-10042015-155559/.

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Foi projetado e construído um espectrômetro Mini-Orange (MO) para eléctrons, utilizando imãs planos permanentes e um detector de barreira de superfície. Foram determinadas as funções de transmissão de diferentes configurações do sistema, para energias entre 200-1100 keV. Foi desenvolvido um modelo matemático do sistema, a partir de solução analítica para o campo de um imã plano e da integração numérica da equação de movimento dos eléctrons no campo de MO. As funções de transmissão assim obtidas foram comparadas aos resultados experimentais e mostraram um bom acordo para energias baixas e inte

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37

Clark, Paul. "Quantum optics of electrons in graphene." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2017. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/416896/.

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The unique properties of graphene's band structure can lead to negative refraction of charge carriers incident on PN junctions. When coupled with an angular dependent transmission probability this can be utilised to form a novel split path interferometer. Many practical challenges are present and novel methods of fabrication are required to realise such a device. A large mean free path is required in order to achieve ballistic transport; a fundamental requirement of such a lensing device. Graphene on a hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) substrate is used in order to remove as many scattering sites

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38

Siraj-Dine, Sami. "Dynamics of electrons in 2D materials." Thesis, Paris Est, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PESC1039.

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Au cours de cette thèse, nous avons proposé des méthodes théoriques et numériques pour étudier le comportement des électrons dans les matériaux périodiques, avec un intérêt particulier pour les matériaux 2D, comme le graphène, et les isolants topologiques. La thèse se compose de trois parties, organisées comme suit. La première partie fournit un algorithme simple et doté d’une preuve mathématique pour construire des fonctions Wannier localisées, avec pour seule condition que le système ait des nombres de Chern triviaux. Sur la base d'une preuve explicite et constructive des homotopies pour le

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39

Scheffler, Marc. "Broadband microwave spectroscopy on correlated electrons." [S.l. : s.n.], 2004. http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/xvms.cgi?SWB11612028.

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40

Rusz, Ján, Ikuo Nishida, Shunsuke Muto, and Kazuyoshi Tatsumi. "Site-specific electronic configurations of Fe 3d states by energy loss by channeled electrons." AIP publishing, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/20791.

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41

de, Vries Rowen. "An EGSnrc Monte Carlo investigation of backscattered electrons from internal shielding in clinical electron beams." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Physics and Astronomy, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/9595.

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The ability to accurately predict dose from electron backscatter created by internal lead shielding utilized during various superficial electron beam treatments (EBT), such as lip carcinoma, is required to avoid the possibility of an overdose. Methods for predicting this dose include the use of empirical equations or physically measuring the electron backscatter factor (EBF) and upstream electron backscatter intensity (EBI). The EBF and upstream EBI are defined as the ratio of dose at, or upstream, from the shielding interface with and without the shielding present respectively. The accuracy

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42

Ryll, Henning [Verfasser]. "Direct detection of electrons with the pnCCD for applications in transmission electron microscopy / Henning Ryll." Siegen : Universitätsbibliothek der Universität Siegen, 2018. http://d-nb.info/116044370X/34.

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43

Bartlett, Philip Lindsay. "Complete numerical solution of electron-hydrogen collisions." Thesis, Bartlett, Philip Lindsay (2005) Complete numerical solution of electron-hydrogen collisions. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2005. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/225/.

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This thesis presents an extensive computational study of electron-impact scattering and ionisation of atomic hydrogen and hydrogenic ions, which are fundamental to many diverse disciplines, from astrophysics and nuclear fusion to atmospheric physics. The non-relativistic Schrodinger equation describes these collisions, though finding solutions for even hydrogen, the simplest electron-atom collision, has proven to be a monumental task. Recently, Rescigno et al [Science 286, 2474 (1999)] solved this equation in coordinate space using exterior complex scaling (ECS), and presented the first electr

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44

Bartlett, Philip Lindsay. "Complete numerical solution of electron-hydrogen collisions." Bartlett, Philip Lindsay (2005) Complete numerical solution of electron-hydrogen collisions. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2005. http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/225/.

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This thesis presents an extensive computational study of electron-impact scattering and ionisation of atomic hydrogen and hydrogenic ions, which are fundamental to many diverse disciplines, from astrophysics and nuclear fusion to atmospheric physics. The non-relativistic Schrodinger equation describes these collisions, though finding solutions for even hydrogen, the simplest electron-atom collision, has proven to be a monumental task. Recently, Rescigno et al [Science 286, 2474 (1999)] solved this equation in coordinate space using exterior complex scaling (ECS), and presented the first electr

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45

Shackleton, Anthony Edward. "Investigations of the Temkin-Poet model for electron-hydrogen iso-electronic series scattering." Thesis, Shackleton, Anthony Edward (2004) Investigations of the Temkin-Poet model for electron-hydrogen iso-electronic series scattering. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2004. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/303/.

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An important model in the study of electron-atom collisions was development by Temkin and Poet. Although the model has been used to test many theories and approximation methods, the novel method of solution used by Poet has not been developed further to any great extent. The Temkin-Poet model of electron scattering simplifies the three-body scattering problem by suppressing all angular dependence of the wavefunction. In this thesis we return to Poet's method and apply it to a range of calculations for the hydrogen-isoelectronic series. Firstly it is demonstrated that the method provides hi

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46

Shackleton, Anthony Edward. "Investigations of the Temkin-Poet model for electron-hydrogen iso-electronic series scattering." Shackleton, Anthony Edward (2004) Investigations of the Temkin-Poet model for electron-hydrogen iso-electronic series scattering. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2004. http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/303/.

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An important model in the study of electron-atom collisions was development by Temkin and Poet. Although the model has been used to test many theories and approximation methods, the novel method of solution used by Poet has not been developed further to any great extent. The Temkin-Poet model of electron scattering simplifies the three-body scattering problem by suppressing all angular dependence of the wavefunction. In this thesis we return to Poet's method and apply it to a range of calculations for the hydrogen-isoelectronic series. Firstly it is demonstrated that the method provides hi

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47

Olivera, Bernat. "Electronic transport in metals at the atomic scale: capacitance emergent magnetism and f-electrons influence." Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Alicante, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10045/73051.

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Hemos desarrollado una técnica de medida a 4 puntas en corriente alterna con amplificadores “Lock-in” sincronizados para obtener la variación local de la capacidad entre los electrodos de un STM simultáneamente con su conductancia. La resolución a la que llegamos es de fF. En la evolución de la capacidad frente a la distancia entre electrodos distinguimos tres regiones: capacidad clásica (cuando los electrodos están más alejados), capacidad cuántica (en un régimen intermedio) y fuga de capacidad (cuando se entra en corriente túnel). En el régimen de emisión de campo, en los puntos en los que l

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48

Lin, Jun. "Radiation-induced alterations in mesoporous silicas : The effect of electronic processes involving ions and electrons." Thesis, Montpellier, Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, 2022. http://theses.enscm.fr/ENSCM_2022_LIN.pdf.

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Les matériaux utilisés dans le nucléaire (combustible, matrice de conditionnement, matériaux de structure…) sont soumis à des contraintes importantes liées à la création de défauts qui modifient leurs propriétés. Plusieurs études ont montré que les interfaces peuvent agir comme un puits pour les défauts causés par l'irradiation, ce qui suggère que les nanomatériaux pourraient avoir une plus grande résistance à l'irradiation que les matériaux présentant une structure « micrométrique ». Par ailleurs, les silices mésoporeuses ont gagné en popularité ces dernières années et sont envisagées pour le

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Bao, Yunjuan, and 暴云娟. "Theoretical study of spin transport in low-dimensional systems." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B40687570.

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Colla, Massimiliano. "Experiments with a metastable helium atomic trap /." View thesis entry in Australian Digital Theses Program, 2006. http://thesis.anu.edu.au/public/adt-ANU20060828.104229/index.html.

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