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Arai, Y., e M. Nishida. "Differential diagnosis between normal endometrium and endometrial hyperplasia with immunostaining cytology using anti-LeY monoclonal antibody". International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer 13, n.º 1 (2003): 42–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ijgc-00009577-200301000-00008.
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We have previously reported that both endometrial cancer and endometrial hyperplasia stain positively for the anti-LeY monoclonal antibody, whereas normal endometrium does not. Endometrial hyperplasia is a premalignant change associated with the eventual development of endometrial carcinoma. However, it can be difficult to differentiate hyperplasia from normal endometrium in cytology. This study illustrates the use of immunocytochemical cytology using anti-LeY monoclonal antibody to differentiate between endometrial hyperplasia and normal endometrium. Immunostaining using anti-LeY monoclonal antibody was performed on cytologic specimens obtained from 17 normal endometria, 25 endometria with endometrial hyperplasia, and 13 endometria with endometrial carcinoma. All normal endometria displayed negative staining for anti-LeY monoclonal antibody, whereas all endometria with endometrial carcinoma displayed positive staining. Of the endometrial hyperplasia cases, 21 displayed positive staining. However, four displayed negative staining due to the small number of cells available for diagnosis. We believe that immunostaining cytology using anti-LeY monoclonal antibody is a useful method for differentiating between normal endometrium and endometrial hyperplasia.
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Quddus, M. Ruhul, Predrag Latkovich, William J. Castellani, C. James Sung, Margaret M. Steinhoff, Robert C. Briggs e Roberto N. Miranda. "Expression of Cyclin D1 in Normal, Metaplastic, Hyperplastic Endometrium and Endometrioid Carcinoma Suggests a Role in Endometrial Carcinogenesis". Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 126, n.º 4 (1 de abril de 2002): 459–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2002-126-0459-eocdin.
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Abstract Context.—Endometrioid carcinoma is often preceded by characteristic histopathologic lesions known as endometrial hyperplasia. Estrogen appears to be involved in the development of endometrioid carcinoma. Other mechanisms of endometrial carcinogenesis include mutations in p53 and PTEN tumor suppressor genes and overexpression of cyclin D1. However, the pattern of cyclin D1 expression is not well defined in normal, hyperplastic, neoplastic, and metaplastic endometrium. Design.—Cyclin D1 immunohistochemical analysis was used to evaluate 108 fixed, paraffin-embedded endometrial biopsy specimens and uterine resections obtained from 108 patients. Specimens included proliferative and secretory endometria, simple and complex hyperplastic lesions, and endometrioid adenocarcinoma. Normal and metaplastic surface epithelia were also evaluated independently of glandular morphologic features. Results.—Cyclin D1 was significantly overexpressed in glands with complex hyperplasia and endometrioid adenocarcinoma compared with proliferative or secretory endometrium and simple hyperplasia. Significant overexpression was also noted in papillary, syncytial, and squamous metaplasias compared with normal surface epithelium or epithelium with tubal metaplasia. Conclusion.—Overexpression of cyclin D1 increases from normal endometrium to hyperplasia and carcinoma, suggesting that it may play a role in endometrial carcinogenesis. Overexpression of cyclin D1 in endometrial glands was independent from overexpression of cyclin D1 in surface metaplastic epithelium.
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Benyuk, V., V. Goncharenko e O. Zabudskyi. "Features of the post-operating period after the endometrial ablation in post-menopausal aged women with hyperplastic processes of endometrium". HEALTH OF WOMAN, n.º 6(142) (29 de julho de 2019): 60–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.15574/hw.2019.142.60.
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The paper presents the results of surgical treatment of 45 postmenopausal women with non-atypical forms of endometrial hyperplasia. The objective: is to establish the features of the postoperative period depending on the method of endometrial ablation in postmenopausal patients with endometrial hyperplastic processes. Materials and methods. The study included 45 women with non-atypical forms of endometrial hyperplasia: 25 women of postmenopausal age with non-atypical forms of endometrial hyperplasia, who were treated with hysteroscopic monopolar ablation of the endometrium and 20 women of postmenopausal age with non-atypical forms of endometrial hyperplasia, who underwent radiowave endometrial ablation. In the postoperative period, on 3, 7 days and after 1, 3, 6, 12, 24 months, the complaints, the general condition, the nature of the discharge from the genital tract were evaluated, gynecological examination with ultrasound examination of the pelvis were provided, office hysteroscopy or endometrial aspiration from the uterus were provided according to indications. Results. It is advisable to recommend endometrial ablation for the patients with non-atypical forms of postmenopausal endometrial hyperplasia as an alternative to hormonal treatment or hysterectomy. The efficiency of radiowave ablation of the endometrium with non-atypical forms of endometrial hyperplasia is 85.0%. The effectiveness of monopolar hysteroscopic ablation of the endometrium in women with non-atypical forms of endometrial hyperplasia is 96.0%. In the case of recurrence of the endometrial hyperplastic process (bleeding, thickening of the M-echo according to ultrasound data), hysteroscopy is shown with mandatory hystopathological studies and diagnosis verification. Conclusions. After ablation of the endometrium, follow-up is advisable for two years. The method of choice for follow-up observation of the state of the endometrium of the uterus in women after endometrial ablation is transvaginal ultrasound, which is performed after 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 months of observation. Key words: endometrial hyperplastic processes, postmenopausal women, endometrial ablation.
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Krut, Yuri, Nataly Zemlyana, Natalie Gaidai, Mykhailo Pavliuchenko e Iryna Amro. "The proliferation markers in patients with different forms of hyperplastic endometrial processes". Journal of Education, Health and Sport 12, n.º 6 (5 de maio de 2022): 80–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2022.12.06.007.
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Introduction: Endometrial hyperplastic processes (EHP) are characterized by recurrent course, high risk of malignancy, difficulties in diagnosing and predicting the course, which determines their great medical and social significance
Objective: To evaluate the levels of proliferation markers Ki-67 and APRIL in serum of women with various forms of endometrial hyperplastic processes (EHP) and their correlation with clinical and anamnestic features.
Materials and Methods: The study examined 95 women with endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial adenocarcinoma who underwent treatment in the gynecology department "City Clinical Hospital №7» in Zaporizhzhya and "Zaporozhye Regional Clinical Oncology Center". The first group consisted of 32 women with simple endometrial hyperplasia. The second group included 43 patients with complex endometrial hyperplasia. The third group consisted of 22 women with endometrial adenocarcinoma.
Results: The analysis of Ki-67 level revealed an increasing in the patients with simple hyperplasia (p <0.05) and complex hyperplasia of endometrium (p <0.05) compare with control group. The level of the APRIL in serum is increased in group of complex hyperplasia compared with the control group (p <0,05) and simple hyperplasia (p <0,05).
Conclusions: Level of APRIL in serum increased in patients with complex endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial adenocarcinoma. Level of Ki-67 in serum was highest in patients with complex endometrial hyperplasia. We found a significant positive association between Ki-67 levels in serum and thickness of M-echo in endometrium, duration of hyperplastic endometrial processes anamnesis, between APRIL in serum and age of patients, duration of hyperplastic endometrial processes anamnesis.
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Xu, Jian-Ying, Wei-Jie Zhu, Xiao-Zhe Cao, Xian-Feng Li e Jin Wu. "Aberrant Expression of the Von Hippel-Lindau Gene in Human Endometrial Hyperplasia and Endometrial Carcinoma". International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer 21, n.º 3 (abril de 2011): 430–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/igc.0b013e31820c5903.
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IntroductionThe purpose of this study was to determine whether aberrant expression of the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) gene in human hyperplastic and malignant endometrial tissues was involved in endometrial carcinogenesis.MethodsFresh tissue samples of endometrial hyperplasia consisting of simple (n = 26), complex (n = 23), and atypical hyperplasia (n = 20); endometrial carcinoma (n = 17); and normal endometrium (n = 40) were measured using Western blotting and real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Paraffin-embedded sections of endometrial hyperplasia (n = 90), endometrial carcinoma (n = 30), and normal endometrium (n = 60) were detected by immunohistochemical method.ResultsVon Hippel-Lindau staining was present in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells and stroma. A decreased expression of VHL mRNA in endometrial hyperplasia from simple, complex, to atypical hyperplasia was observed. There were statistical differences on VHL messenger RNA (mRNA) levels among simple, complex, and atypical hyperplasia (P < 0.01). The VHL mRNA levels in endometrial carcinoma were significantly lower than those in normal endometrium, simple hyperplasia, or complex hyperplasia (P < 0.01) but similar to those in atypical hyperplasia (P > 0.05). Von Hippel-Lindau protein levels by Western blotting and staining intensity by immunohistochemistry were coincident with the VHL mRNA levels.ConclusionsAberrant expression of the VHL gene is associated with the risk of endometrial hyperplasia progressing to endometrial carcinoma, and its expression levels are useful as a predictive indicator for endometrial carcinoma.
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Levakov, S. A., N. A. Sheshukova, A. G. Kedrova, A. S. Fedotova e E. A. Obukhova. "MOLECULAR PROFILES OF ENDOMETRIAL HYPERPLASIA AND ENDOMETRIAL INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA". Tumors of female reproductive system 14, n.º 2 (15 de agosto de 2018): 76–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.17650/1994-4098-2018-14-2-76-81.
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Objective: to assess molecular profiles of endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia.Materials and methods. We conducted a retrospective study that included 77 patients with a morphologically verified hyperplastic process in the endometrium. Of them, 34 patients had endometrial hyperplasia and 33 patients had endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia. The control group comprised 30 women with no endometrial disorders according to the results of histological examination.Results. Patients with endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia are at high risk of developing cancer. High angiogenic activity, pronounced vascularization, and endometrial hypoxia are believed to be important risk factors contributing to tumor proliferation and transformation. The expression of inhibitors of apoptosis, such as survivin and Bcl-2, is usually increased in atypical cells, which may indicate their involvement in malignant transformation of cells and tumor invasive growth.Conclusion. Our findings confirm the important role of survivin and Bcl-2 in hyperplastic processes in the endometrium.
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Kundu, Parveen R., Anjali Sindhu, Swaran Kaur, Amrita Kulhria e Ritika Hooda. "Expression of Cyclin D1 in normal and hyperplastic endometrium". International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 8, n.º 11 (23 de outubro de 2019): 4474. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20194878.
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Background: Endometrial hyperplasia is characterised by increased gland to stroma ratio with varying degree of atypia. Cyclin D1 is a protein playing important role during the G1→S phase transition in the cell cycle. The present study evaluated the expression of Cyclin D1 in normal and hyperplastic endometrium.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted over a period of 1 year. We evaluated and compared the expression of Cyclin D1 in 56 endometrial samples including 24 cases of simple hyperplasia, 12 cases of complex hyperplasia and 10 cases each of secretory and proliferative endometrium.Results: A substantial increase in expression of Cyclin D1 was seen in hyperplastic endometrium compared to normal endometrium. Moreover, complex hyperplasia showed the maximum positivity for Cyclin D1.Conclusions: Cyclin D1 may play a stimulatory role in the proliferation of endometrial glands and hence may be involved in endometrial tumorigenesis.
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Gad, Mohamed S., Bahgat A. Elfeky e Ahmed M. Nofal. "Stem cells and endometrial hyperplasia". Journal of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology 2, n.º 2 (31 de dezembro de 2014): 70–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.54987/jobimb.v2i2.151.
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Endometrial hyperplasia is characterized by a proliferation of endometrial glands that may progress to or coexist with endometrial carcinoma. Previous studies proved the presence of endometrial stem cells that may have a role in endometrial regeneration and may be responsible for proliferative disorders as in endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial carcinoma. The presentstudy carried out to evaluate the potentiality of Umbilical cord blood Hematopoietic CD34+ and Mesenchymal stem cells to regress endometrial hyperplastic cells proliferation in vitro under certain condition. The Study carried out on 40 Umbilical cord blood samples collected from term delivering women, mononuclear cell were separated. Endometrial samples from the 40 cases (20normal and 20 cases with endometrial hyperplasia) were collected by dilatation and curettage or by curetting endometrium after hysterectomy operation. Then treatment of the hyperplastic cells with the Mesenchymal stem cells extract and CD34+ Hematopoietic stem cells extract was done. Results showed that both CD34+ Hematopoietic stem cells extract and mesenchymal stem cellsextract both had decreased the rate of growth of endometrial hyperplastic cell culture reaching near to the rate of growth of normal endometrial primary cell culture but the mesenchymal stem cells extract had a higher degree of control making endometrial growth rate nearer to the rate of growth of normal endometrial primary cell culture.
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Shapoval, Yu S. "Expression of Estrogen and Progesterone Receptors in the Endometrial Stroma of Women with Different Types of Endometrial Hyperplasia and Benign Breast Tumors". Ukraïnsʹkij žurnal medicini, bìologìï ta sportu 7, n.º 3 (2 de julho de 2022): 206–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.26693/jmbs07.03.206.
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The purpose of the study was to determine the level of expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors in endometrial tissue and to determine their relationship with the level of vitamin D in the blood of women of childbearing age with endometrial hyperplasia and benign breast tumors. Materials and methods. Examination of women of reproductive age who were diagnosed with hyperplastic processes in the endometrium was carried out. The examined patients were divided into two groups: Group I – the comparison group, which included patients with endometrial hyperplasia without concomitant pathology; Group II – women who, along with endometrial hyperplasia, were diagnosed with benign breast disease in the form of mastopathy. An immunohistochemical method using the En Vision imaging system with diaminobenzidine was used to detect estrogen and progesterone receptors in the endometrium. Determination of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) content in blood plasma was performed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using the 25-Hydroxy test kit. Results and discussion. It was found that the level of estrogen receptors expression increases in all types of endometrial hyperplasia and is exacerbated in concomitant mastopathy. Along with the increase in the level of estrogen receptors expression in endometrial cells, the expression of progesterone receptors decreases. It was found that the amount of progesterone receptors in the main group decreased by 38.3% – in endometrial hyperplasia without atypia, by 46.3% – in atypical endometrial hyperplasia and by 20.4% – in endometrial polyps compared with the control group of women. Analysis of the results shows an association between the form of hyperplasia and the receptor phenotype of the endometrium. It is established that the greatest changes are observed in atypical endometrial hyperplasia, which are exacerbated during the development of proliferative processes in the mammary glands. The relationship between vitamin D deficiency and estrogen and progesterone receptor expression in women with endometrial hyperplasia has been shown. Thus, when the level of estrogen and progesterone receptors changes in the endometrium of women with endometrial hyperplasia and mastopathy, the concentration of vitamin D in blood plasma decreases. Conclusion. The development of hyperplastic processes in the endometrium and mammary glands occurs against the background of increased expression of estrogen receptors and decreased expression of progesterone receptors. At the same time in the blood plasma of patients a decrease in vitamin D was revealed
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Buccoliero, A. M., F. Castiglione, C. F. Gheri, F. Garbini, M. Fambrini, G. Bargelli, S. Pappalardo, G. Scarselli, M. Marchionni e G. L. Taddei. "Liquid-based endometrial cytology: its possible value in postmenopausal asymptomatic women". International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer 17, n.º 1 (janeiro de 2007): 182–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1438.2006.00757.x.
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The incidence of endometrial adenocarcinoma in asymptomatic women is low. Nevertheless, some of these women might require endometrial surveillance. In this study, we evaluated the accuracy of liquid-based endometrial cytology compared to biopsy in asymptomatic postmenopausal women. Three hundred twenty women scheduled for hysteroscopy were enrolled for this study. After hysteroscopy, patients were submitted to endometrial cytology and to biopsy. Two hundred ninety-three (92%) women had sonographically thickened endometrium (>5 mm), 53 (17%) were on tamoxifen, and 16 (5%) were on hormonal substitutive treatment. The evaluation of the biopsies determined that six (2%) women had adenocarcinoma, one (<1%) had adenomatous atypical hyperplasia, and eight (3%) had simple nonatypical hyperplasia. Endometrial cytology evidenced 5 (2%) neoplastic cases, 2 (<1%) hyperplastic with atypia cases, and 25 (8%) hyperplastic without atypia cases. Two hundred twenty-two biopsies (69%) and 17 (5%) cytologies were inadequate. One adenocarcinoma and one simple nonatypical hyperplasia were underrated by cytology resulting, respectively, as atypical hyperplasia and as negative. Four cases were false positive (simple nonatypical hyperplasias on cytology, negative on biopsy). The sensitivity and specificity were estimated, respectively, at 94% and 95%; the positive and negative predictive value were estimated, respectively, at 80% and 99%. Endometrial cytology provided sufficient material more often than biopsy (P < 0.01). We suggest to introduce liquid-based endometrial cytology in the management of some subpopulations of asymptomatic postmenopausal women. Particularly, the combination of liquid-based endometrial cytology and transvaginal sonography may improve their diagnostic accuracy and reduce unnecessary more invasive and expensive procedures.
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Gainder, Shalini, Aayushi Kaushal, Aleena Aggarwal e Shruti Sharma. "Endometrial hyperplasia and tubal ectopic: a correlation". International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 11, n.º 4 (25 de março de 2022): 1283. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20220919.
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Anovulation due to polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is one of the causes of endometrial hyperplasia in infertile women. Tubal ectopic apart from tubal factors can also be the result of hampered endometrial receptivity in these women which could be due to disturbed hormonal mileu, endometrial hyperplasia at cornua thereby interfering with transport of embryo from fallopian tube to uterus, or could be because of mechanical damage caused while taking endometrial biopsy. We are presenting case series of eight women of PCOS who presented to infertility clinic within two years with history of ectopic pregnancy or had subsequent ectopic pregnancy (after taking endometrial biopsy) with histopathology report of endometrial hyperplasia with or without atypia were enrolled. Out of 1200 PCOS women presenting to infertility clinic, eight women had coexistence of both endometrial hyperplasias and ectopic pregnancy. It is rare to find endometrial hyperplasias causing ectopic pregnancy. The causative factor in these cases could be the faulty endometrium by not being receptive thereby causing the embryo to implant in the fallopian tube or the tubes due to subtle infection secondary to repeated endometrial evaluation.
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Orazov, M. R., V. Е. Radzinskiy, M. B. Khamoshina, I. A. Mullina e Yu S. Artemenko. "«VULNERABLE» ENDOMETRIUM: A MODERN VIEW ON THE PATHOGENESIS AND PATHOGENETIC THERAPY OF ENDOMETRIAL HYPERPLASTIC PROCESSES". Reproductive Medicine, n.º 3(48) (20 de setembro de 2021): 54–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.37800/rm.3.2021.54-60.
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Relevance: Endometrium is a unique human tissue with a strong regenerative potential which is implemented after desquamation during each menstrual cycle. At that, regeneration in the endometrium is not accompanied by scarring. Endometrial hyperplasia as a variant of defect transformation is a widespread disease which remains an urgent problem of modern medicine. In recent years, endometrial hyperplasia is becoming more common among patients of reproductive age. This problem is even more significant due to the spread of endometrial cancer in developed countries, and endometrial hyperplasia being its precursor.
Purpose: The article describes modern views on the pathogenesis and pathogenetic therapy of endometrial hyperplastic processes.
Materials and Methods: Sources available in the Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane databases were analyzed and international reviews of randomized controlled studies in that area were selected for the last few years using the keywords «endometrial hyperplasia,» «atypical hyperplasia,» «endometrial cancer,» «progestins,» and «hysterectomy.»
Results: The article discusses the modern ideas about etiopathogenesis and the tactics of management of patients, according to the data of foreign literature.
Conclusion: Early diagnostics and timely treatment of endometrial hyperplasiaare an important preventive factor due to the high risk of malignancy. The patient management algorithm depends on many factors: the type of hyperplastic conditions, the patient’s age, unrealized reproductive function, and etc. Progestin therapy is more preferable for young patients wishing to preserve reproductive function. If cellular atypia is present, panhysterectomy is the first line of treatment for women who have realized their reproductive function and have endometrial hyperplasia with atypia.
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Hachisuga, T., K. Fukuda, M. Uchiyama, N. Matsuo, T. Iwasaka e H. Sugimori. "Immunohistochemical study of p53 expression in endometrial carcinomas: correlation with markers of proliferating cells and clinicopathologic features". International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer 3, n.º 6 (1993): 363–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1525-1438.1993.03060363.x.
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Using anti-p53 (PAb1801 and PAb240), anti-DNA polymerase α and Ki-67 monoclonal antibodies, the expression of p53 was studied in 11 normal endometria, 14 endometrial hyperplasias and 27 endometrial carcinomas and its relationship to the proliferative activity of the tumors was examined. Normal endometria and simple hyperplasias were completely negative for p53. The PAb1801 indices of complex hyperplasias and complex atypical hyperplasias were 2.5±1.8% and 5.0±3.2%, respectively. The PAb1801 indices of grade 1, grade 2 and grade 3 endometrial carcinomas were 10.2±14.2%, 44.4±29/0% and 45.0±32.5%, respectively. These results indicate a progressively enhanced p53 expression in the sequence from normal endometrium, through hyperplasia to carcinoma. A significant correlation between p53 expression and labeling indices of Ki-67 and DNA polymerase α was observed in endometrial carcinomas. The endo-metrial carcinomas with p53 overexpression developed mainly in post-menopausal patients and were frequently high-grade tumors with deep myometrial invasion. These findings may indicate that overexpression of p53 protein contributes to the proliferative activity of the tumor cells.
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Nikitina, I. M., K. V. Mуkуtуn e Yu V. Diadiushka. "Analysis of risk factors for the development of hyperproliferative endometrial processes in women of reproductive age". Bukovinian Medical Herald 26, n.º 2 (102) (20 de dezembro de 2022): 27–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.24061/2413-0737.xxvi.2.102.2022.5.
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Based on clinical and statistical analysis, a study of the leading etiopathogenetic factors in the development of hyperplastic processes of the endometrium in patients of reproductive age was carried out.The aim of the study: to study the risk factors for hyperplasia and endometrial polyps in women of early reproductive age.Materials and methods. Clinical and statistical analysis of 120 patients of active reproductive age with verified atypical hyperproliferative pathology of the endometrium (hyperplasia and endometrial polyps) was included in the main group. The main group was divided into subgroups: Subgroup I - 45 women with endometrial hyperplasia, Subgroup II - 45 patients with endometrial polyps and Subgroup III - 30 patients with combined endometrial pathology (hyperplasia and endometrial polyps).Results of reseаrсh. The leading risk factors for the development of hyperplastic endometrial processes in women of the examined groups have been identified: aggravated heredity, high frequency of medical abortions, miscarriages and a history of abnormal births. There is a high incidence of gynecological and extragenital diseases, surgical interventions on the uterus and appendages in the examined contingent of women, which contributes to the development of endometrial pathology. It is established that the most common clinical manifestations of endometrial hyperproliferative processes are pain and hemorrhagic syndromes.Conclusions. Risk factors for hyperproliferative pathology of the endometrium in women of reproductive age are the following: burdened heredity (60.8%), concomitant extragenital pathology (57.4%), menstrual disorders (86.7%), impaired reproductive function; burdened gynecological anamnesis: chronic inflammatory processes of the uterus and appendages (45.8%), artificial (74.2%) and spontaneous (22.5%) abortions; intrauterine surgical interventions (26.7%).
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Abramova, S., O. Gladkova, L. Zaidulina, I. Syatkina e E. Surgaeva. "Diagnostics and Treatment of Hyperplastic Endometrial Processes in Women in the Menopausal Transition". Bulletin of Science and Practice 5, n.º 5 (15 de maio de 2019): 73–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/42/09.
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His article discusses the problems of diagnosis of diffuse hyperplastic processes of the endometrium in women in the menopausal transition. Endometrial hyperplasia is a heterogeneous set of pathological processes, ranging from benign proliferation to monoclonal tissue proliferation. During the study, the most optimal criteria for the diagnosis of endometrial hyperplasia in women during the transition to menopause based on the use of a modern diagnostic complex (immunohistochemical and endoscopic technologies) were selected and formed. Endometrium is a hormone–sensitive, cyclically renewed tissue that reacts to the slightest changes in the hormonal status. In this connection, an attempt was made to analyze the prospects and feasibility of using immunohistochemical technologies in gynecological practice. The authors found that the study and analysis of the hormone — receptor status in individuals with endometrial hyperplasia in gynecological practice, consists of two points, first, the hormone-receptor status in endometrial hyperplasia is individual, and the degree of expression of highly productive or low-productive receptor complexes speaks the mechanism of development of receptor desynchronosis, and secondly, the hormone-receptor status determines the sensitivity of endometrial hyperplasia to hormonal therapy.
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Vovk, I. B., N. Е. Gorban e O. Ju Borysiuk. "Endometrial hyperplasia (Clinical lecture)". HEALTH OF WOMAN, n.º 5(111) (20 de junho de 2016): 10–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.15574/hw.2016.111.10.
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In clinical lecture presents modern views of endometrial hyperplasia in terms of practitioner gynecologist. The problems of classification, pathogenetic mechanisms of development of endometrial hyperplasia. Particular attention is paid to modern approaches to diagnosis and treatment of endometrial hyperplasia. Key words: hyperplasia, endometrium, classification, endometrial hyperplasia, endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia, hormonal therapy.
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Benyuk, V. O., V. V. Kurochka, Abedi Astaneg Niki, I. A. Usevych e Yu V. Kravchenko. "Clinical characteristics of women with endometrial hyperplasia on the background of thyroid dysfunction". Reproductive health of woman, n.º 5 (7 de outubro de 2022): 63–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.30841/2708-8731.5.2022.265475.
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The objective: to define the specificities of clinical characteristics in women of reproductive age with endometrial hyperplasia associated with hypothyroidism.Materials and methods. There were 180 women with endometrial hyperplasia under our supervision. In 120 women, the pathology of endometrium was associated with newly diagnosed hypothyroidism. The patients with the thyroid dysfunctions were divided into the following groups: asymptomatic persons – 48 cases; symptomatic ones – 45 women; compensated patients with mild symptoms – 27 individuals. The control group consisted of 60 patients with endometrial hyperplasia without thyroid pathology.The data of the somatic and gynecological anamnesis, the concentration of sex hormones and thyroid hormones, the results of histological examination of the endometrium were analyzed in all the women.Results. The following data were found: the age of women with hyperprolactinemia without thyroid pathology is younger than the age of those with hyperprolactinemia and thyroid pathology; hypothyroidism in women with endometrial hyperplasia is contingent on frequently growing body weight, but not obesity; the most common concomitant pathology in women with endometrial hyperplasia and hypothyroidism was mastopathy which was diagnosed almost in every third patient. The frequency of such endocrine pathologies as polycystic ovary syndrome and hyperprolactinemia in women with endometrial hyperplasia has almost increased twice in the presence of hypothyrosis. In case of endometrial hyperplasia and hypothyrosis there was a significant decrease of estradiol concentration with a preserved level of gonadotropic hormones (luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone), and the lowest values were defined in women with symptomatic hypothyroidism. Chronic endometritis, the detection rate of which does not depend on thyroid dysfunction, was diagnosed in 61.5 % patients with endometrial hyperplasia.Conclusions. Thyroid dysfunction is involved in the mechanisms of development of hyperplastic processes of the endometrium, which is the basis for screening the functional state of the thyroid gland in women with endometrial pathology.
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Бенюк, В. О., В. В. Курочка, Абеді Астанег Нікі, І. А. Усевич e Ю. В. Кравченко. "Клінічна характеристика жінок з гіперплазією ендометрія на тлі дисфункції щитоподібної залози". Reproductive health of woman, n.º 5 (28 de julho de 2022): 68–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.30841/2708-8731.5.2022.265476.
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The objective: to define the specificities of clinical characteristics in women of reproductive age with endometrial hyperplasia associated with hypothyroidism.Materials and methods. There were 180 women with endometrial hyperplasia under our supervision. In 120 women, the pathology of endometrium was associated with newly diagnosed hypothyroidism. The patients with the thyroid dysfunctions were divided into the following groups: asymptomatic persons – 48 cases; symptomatic ones – 45 women; compensated patients with mild symptoms – 27 individuals. The control group consisted of 60 patients with endometrial hyperplasia without thyroid pathology.The data of the somatic and gynecological anamnesis, the concentration of sex hormones and thyroid hormones, the results of histological examination of the endometrium were analyzed in all the women.Results. The following data were found: the age of women with hyperprolactinemia without thyroid pathology is younger than the age of those with hyperprolactinemia and thyroid pathology; hypothyroidism in women with endometrial hyperplasia is contingent on frequently growing body weight, but not obesity; the most common concomitant pathology in women with endometrial hyperplasia and hypothyroidism was mastopathy which was diagnosed almost in every third patient. The frequency of such endocrine pathologies as polycystic ovary syndrome and hyperprolactinemia in women with endometrial hyperplasia has almost increased twice in the presence of hypothyrosis. In case of endometrial hyperplasia and hypothyrosis there was a significant decrease of estradiol concentration with a preserved level of gonadotropic hormones (luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone), and the lowest values were defined in women with symptomatic hypothyroidism. Chronic endometritis, the detection rate of which does not depend on thyroid dysfunction, was diagnosed in 61.5 % patients with endometrial hyperplasia.Conclusions. Thyroid dysfunction is involved in the mechanisms of development of hyperplastic processes of the endometrium, which is the basis for screening the functional state of the thyroid gland in women with endometrial pathology.
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Gerasimov, Aleksey V., Sergey E. Krasilnikov, Anna G. Kedrova, Tatyana A. Maksimenko, Nataliya S. Afonina, Olga E. Nechaeva e Valentine V. Kosyi. "Morphological and ultrasound characteristics of endometrium in patients with breast cancer and the risk of secondary tumors". Journal of Clinical Practice 6, n.º 4 (15 de novembro de 2015): 39–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/clinpract83249.
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The analysis of features of endometrial hyperplasia in patients with breast cancer (BC) receiving adjuvant tamoxifen therapy in the period from 2011 to 2014 inclusive. 196 patients with breast cancer with ultrasound criteria of endometrial hyperplasia were examined. A postoperative histopathologic examination revealed that the lesions were endometrial hyperplasias and with 4,1% malignant findings. Hyperplasia, polyps and endometrial cancer were diagnosed in patients receiving tamoxifen, which allowed a comparison clinicoanamnestic, ultrasound, morphological and genetic characteristics of the endometrium to recover a high risk of developing a second cancer, as well as offer a pathogenic variant of its prevention. The article can be interesting as for obstetrician-gynecologist, watching women after breast cancer treatment, and oncologists, choosing a drug for adjuvant therapy.
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Gerasimov, A. V., S. E. Krasilnikov, A. G. Kedrova, N. S. Afonina, O. E. Nechaeva, T. A. Maksimenko e V. V. Kosyi. "MORPHOLOGICAL AND ULTRASOUND CHARACTERISTICS OF ENDOMETRIUM IN PATIENTS WITH BREAST CANCER AND THE RISK OF SECONDARY TUMORS". Journal of Clinical Practice 6, n.º 3 (15 de setembro de 2015): 39–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/clinpract6339-47.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
The analysis of features of endometrial hyperplasia in patients with breast cancer (BC) receiving adjuvant tamoxifen therapy in the period from 2011 to 2014 inclusive. 196 patients with breast cancer with ultrasound criteria of endometrial hyperplasia were examined. A postoperative histopathologic examination revealed that the lesions were endometrial hyperplasias and with 4,1% malignant findings. Hyperplasia, polyps and endometrial cancer were diagnosed in patients receiving tamoxifen, which allowed a comparison clinicoanamnestic, ultrasound, morphological and genetic characteristics of the endometrium to recover a high risk of developing a second cancer, as well as offer a pathogenic variant of its prevention. The article can be interesting as for obstetrician-gynecologist, watching women after breast cancer treatment, and oncologists, choosing a drug for adjuvant therapy.
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Goncharenko, V. N. "Innovative approaches to operational treatment of women of reproductive eligibility age with hyperplastic processes of the endometrium". HEALTH OF WOMAN, n.º 6(112) (29 de julho de 2016): 41–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.15574/hw.2016.112.41.
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The aim of the study: was improvement of results of surgical treatment of patients of reproductive age eligibility with hyperplastic processes of endometrium (HPE) through the introduction of individualized treatment algorithm with the use of monopolar radio wave and hysteroscopic endometrial ablation. Materials and methods. The study included 62 women with non-atypical form of hyperplasia of the endometrium who were treated at the Center of General gynecology of the clinical hospital «Feofania», gynecological Department at the city maternity hospital № 3 of Kyiv. Depending on the age group, nature of the pathological process and method of treatment is randomized, the distribution of women according to groups: group 1 – 41 women's reproductive eligibility age netipichnaya forms of endometrial hyperplasia (PHEBA and KGEB), who were subjected to hysteroscopic monopolar endometrial ablation; group 2 – 21 female reproductive eligibility age netipichnaya forms of endometrial hyperplasia (PHEBA and KGEB), which was held radiowave ablation of the endometrium (RHAE). In the 1st group the age of patients ranged from 42 to 54 years, mean age was 49.9±4.7 years. In the 2nd group the age of patients ranged from 41 to 53 years, mean age of 51.6±4.3 years. Results. A comparative analysis of the techniques for hysteroscopic monopolar ablation and RHEE showed the fact that for RHEE used local anesthesia, while carrying out hysteroscopic monopolar ablation was necessary intravenous anesthesia. The duration of the hysteroscopic monopolar endometrial ablation was 28.6±5.5 min, RAE – according to the standard method – 44.3±0.3 min. When performing hysteroscopic monopolar endometrial ablation in 2 patients (3.7%) patients observed the signs of intravasation of fluid, increased blood pressure and tachycardia. This syndrome was successfully docked, but in the future, women have conducted a thorough examination. When you run RHAE intraoperative complications have been identified. Conclusion. 1. Women with netipichnaya forms of endometrial hyperplasia eligibility and late reproductive age who do not have reproductive plans as an alternative to hysterectomy, in the presence of contraindications or ineffectiveness of hormone treatment may be recommended or radiowave monopolar hysteroscopic ablation of the endometrium. 2. Monopolar hysteroscopic endometrial ablation is indicated for women with netipichnaya forms of endometrial hyperplasia, can be used in the presence of submucous form of uterine fibroids, postoperative scars on the uterus, but in the absence of adenomyosis II–III degree. The effectiveness of monopolar hysteroscopic endometrial ablation in women with non-atypical form of hyperplasia of the endometrium is 87.8%. 3. Women after endometrial ablation should be under observation for two years. The method of choice for dynamic monitoring of the condition of the uterus in women who underwent endometrial ablation is transvaginal ultrasound which should be performed after 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 months of follow up. 4. In case of recurrence of hyperplastic process of the endometrium (bleeding, thickening of the M-mode echo according to the ultrasound) shows a hysteroscopy with a mandatory histopathological examination and verification of the diagnosis. Key words: endometrial hyperplasia, women eligibility age, women of reproductive age, ablation of the endometrium.
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El-Hamed, Amany Talaat Abd, Samira Abd-Allah Mahmoud, Ahmed A. Soliman e Dina F. El-Yasergy. "Immunohistochemical Expression of “HE4” in Endometrial Hyperplasia versus Endometrial Endometrioid Carcinoma". Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 9, A (7 de agosto de 2021): 669–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.6189.
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Aim
Endometrial cancer is the most common cancer of the female genital tract. No effective biomarkers currently exist to allow for an efficient risk classification of endometrial carcinoma. Human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) overexpression is first observed in ovarian cancer tissue and subsequent research has shown that the HE4 overexpression has also been observed in patients with endometrial carcinoma. To our knowledge, this marker was evaluated in small number of research studies in cases of endometrial carcinoma versus hyperplasia. This has inspired us to test for immunohistochemical expression of HE4 in endometrial endometrioid carcinoma and hyperplastic endometria and to correlate HE4 expression with various prognostic pathological parameters including International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) grading and staging.
Methods
Immunohistochemical staining for HE4 was performed on paraffin-embedded sections of forty cases of endometrial endometrioid carcinoma and thirty cases of endometrial hyperplasia: including 15 cases of non-atypical hyperplasia and 15 cases of atypical hyperplasia. A histochemical score was used to evaluate HE4 expression by the tumor cells.
Results
In this study, HE4 overexpression level was significantly higher in endometrial endometrioid carcinoma than endometrial hyperplasia and significantly higher than non-atypical endometrial hyperplasia (P<0.05). HE4 strong expression was detected in 20% of atypical endometrial hyperplasia, but no statistical significance was detected between atypical hyperplasia and endometrial carcinoma. HE4 overexpression showed statistically significant positive correlation with FIGO grading, FIGO staging, and depth of myometrial invasion.
Conclusion:
During interpretation of endometrial biopsies of atypical hyperplasia, HE4 strong expression might raise the possibility of the presence of coexisting adenocarcinoma not biopsied or even warning of a near future malignant transformation. Also, strong expression of HE4 by tissue biopsy of adenocarcinoma should be reported as this might predict higher grade and stage of the tumor, a point that should be considered by surgeons while performing hysterectomy. These results should be further confirmed by extending the study on a large scale, correlation of HE4 expression with the molecular classification of Tumor Cancer Genome Atlas and long term follow up are required to establish the prognostic significance of HE4 expression in endometrial carcinoma and atypical hyperplasia.
Keywords: Endometrial carcinoma, Endometrial hyperplasia, HE4, Immunohistochemistry.
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Kuzyk, Yu I., e G. M. Chornenka. "Hyperplastic processes of endometrium in women with infertility: comparing the results of ultrasonographic and pathomorphological changes of the endometrium". HEALTH OF WOMAN, n.º 7(133) (30 de setembro de 2018): 129–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.15574/hw.2018.133.129.
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The objective: to find out the level of verification of endometrial hyperplastic processes (GPE) in women with uterine infertility based on the comparison of ultrasound and pathomorphological studies. Materials and methods. 64 patients of reproductive age was performed ultrasonographic study and diagnostic endometrial biopsy. Results. Three groups of GPE have been identified: polyps – 33 cases, hyperplasia –15, combination of glandular hyperplasia with endometrial polyp – 16. The endometrial polyps included: glandular – seven cases, glandular-fibrous with an advantage of the glandular component – 13, and glandular-fibrous with the advantage of the stromal component – 13. The accuracy of the verification of glandular polyps was 82%. Glandular-fibrotic polyps with an advantage of the glandular component were diagnosed in 82%. Glandular-fibrous endometrial polyps with the advantage of the stromal component were the most difficult for ultrasonic verification. The accuracy of their diagnosis was 50%. Such characteristics as nodular form, intramural position, increased echogenicity and absence of inclusions were the basis for erroneous diagnosis of uterine fibromyomas. Endometrial hyperplasia was verified at 97%. The remaining 3% were histologically diagnosed with endometrial polyposis, which were not established by ultrasound, and were considered as hyperplasia of the endometrium. Ultrasound diagnosis of the combination of endometrial hyperplasia and polyps reached 77%. The polyps on the background of endometrial hyperplasia appeared as fibromyomatous nodes. The determining role in correct diagnosis was played by hysteroscopy. Conclusion. The comparison of ultrasound data and morphological evidence suggests high accuracy of GPE detection and morphological verification. However, in some cases GPE ultrasound does not precisely determine the nature of pathological changes. Therefore, the study of the pathomorphological features of remodeling of the endometrium in the GPE remains open and requires new promising approaches. One of them, based on certain pathomorphological changes in GPE, is the use of blood flow research, in particular transvaginal color doppler, which may allow to improve the accuracy of the diagnosis of GPE. Key words: endometrial hyperplasia, endometrial polyp, endometrial hyperplasia, ultrasound diagnosis, pathomorphology, reproductive age.
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Giatromanolaki, A., E. Sivridis, D. Papazoglou, M. I. Koukourakis e E. Maltezos. "Human Papillomavirus in Endometrial Adenocarcinomas: Infectious Agent or a Mere “Passenger”?" Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology 2007 (2007): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2007/60549.
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Aims. To investigate the possible association of human papillomavirus (HPV) with endometrial hyperplasias and neoplasia. Does HPV play any role in the initiation or prognosis of endometrial adenocarcinomas?Methods. Twenty-five endometrial adenocarcinomas of the endometrioid cell type, with and without squamous differentiation, and twenty-four endometrial hyperplasias of various forms (simple, complex, and atypical) were analyzed for the presence of type 16 and 18 HPV by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The results were related to histopathological features of the tumour, and the patients' age, and prognosis.Results. Six of 25 endometrial adenocarcinomas were HPV 16-positive (24%), and 5 of 25 (20%) were HPV 18-positive. Simple endometrial hyperplasias was associated somewhat more commonly with HPV 16 and 18 (2/8 and 1/8 cases, resp) than hyperplasias progressing to endometrial adenocarcinomas, namely, atypical endometrial hyperplasia (1/8 and 0/8 cases, resp.). None of the positive cases in the series, whether hyperplastic or neoplastic, demonstrated cytological evidence of HPV infection. There was no relation between HPV-positive cases and squamous differentiation, depth of myometrial invasion, lymphatic involvement, lymphocytic response, patients' age, or prognosis.Conclusion. It appears that the presence of HPV in the endometrium, as detected by PCR, does not play any role in the initiation or prognosis of endometrial adenocarcinoma.
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Tsyndrenko, Nataliia L., Anatolii M. Romaniuk e Yana R. Nikolayenko. "CLINICAL, MORPHOLOGICAL, AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ENDOMETRIAL HYPERPLASTIC PROCESSES IN SUMY REGION". Eastern Ukrainian Medical Journal 9, n.º 4 (2021): 342–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/eumj.2021;9(4):342-351.
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Endometrial hyperplastic processes take an important place among the gynecological diseases in women of various ages and are one of the most common reasons for admission at inpatient gynecology departments. The urgency of the pathology is due to the significant prevalence of endometrial hyperplastic processes, high incidence of malignancy, prolonged relapsing course, and decreased reproductive function, since these diseases are one of the most common causes of infertility in women of childbearing age. The statistics related to the incidence of endometrial hyperplastic processes in Ukraine is not available. An analysis of case histories and medical records showed that in 40% of cases, endometrial hyperplastic processes were asymptomatic. In 60% of cases, the clinical manifestations of endometrial hyperplastic processes were menstrual disorders, such as dysmenorrhea, oligomenorrhea, menorrhagia, and metrorrhagia. In 30% of cases, endometrial hyperplastic processes were recurrent. The most common concomitant pathologies of the pelvic organs were uterine leiomyoma and endometriosis; the most common concomitant extragenital diseases were hypertension and obesity. Our study and data analysis showed that there is an increasing trend in the incidence of endometrial hyperplastic processes in Sumy region in 2011–2020. The maximum incidence was in 2016. A correlation was found between hyperplasia incidence and age. Thus, the largest number of non-atypical and atypical endometrial hyperplasia cases was observed in women aged 45–55 years. The lowest number of non-atypical endometrial hyperplasia cases was registered in women aged 66+, while atypical hyperplasia cases – in women under 30 years of age. Glandular polyps of the endometrium were most often diagnosed at the age of 31–44; the lowest number of these was found in women over 66 years. Most glandular-fibrous endometrial polyps were observed in women aged 45–55 years, while women under 30 presented with the fewest cases. Fibrous endometrial polyps were most common in older age groups – 66+; the lowest number of such endometrial polyps was found in women under 30 years. We attributed the decreased incidence of endometrial hyperplastic processes in 2020 to the quarantine measures introduced, which, as a consequence, led to the decreased number of diagnosed cases, since they are often asymptomatic.
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Driva, Tatiana S., Christoph Schatz, Monika Sobočan e Johannes Haybaeck. "The Role of mTOR and eIF Signaling in Benign Endometrial Diseases". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, n.º 7 (22 de março de 2022): 3416. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23073416.
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Adenomyosis, endometriosis, endometritis, and typical endometrial hyperplasia are common non-cancerous diseases of the endometrium that afflict many women with life-impacting consequences. The mammalian target of the rapamycin (mTOR) pathway interacts with estrogen signaling and is known to be dysregulated in endometrial cancer. Based on this knowledge, we attempt to investigate the role of mTOR signaling in benign endometrial diseases while focusing on how the interplay between mTOR and eukaryotic translation initiation factors (eIFs) affects their development. In fact, mTOR overactivity is apparent in adenomyosis, endometriosis, and typical endometrial hyperplasia, where it promotes endometrial cell proliferation and invasiveness. Recent data show aberrant expression of various components of the mTOR pathway in both eutopic and ectopic endometrium of patients with adenomyosis or endometriosis and in hyperplastic endometrium as well. Moreover, studies on endometritis show that derangement of mTOR signaling is linked to the establishment of endometrial dysfunction caused by chronic inflammation. This review shows that inhibition of the mTOR pathway has a promising therapeutic effect in benign endometrial conditions, concluding that mTOR signaling dysregulation plays a critical part in their pathogenesis.
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Sangwan, Karuna, Monika Garg, Nayana Pathak e Lavleen Bharti. "Expression of Cyclin D1 in Hyperplasia and Carcinoma of Endometrium and Its Correlation with Histologic Grade, Tumor Type, and Clinicopathological Features". Journal of Laboratory Physicians 12, n.º 03 (23 de novembro de 2020): 165–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1721150.
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Abstract Background Endometrial carcinoma is often preceded by characteristic histopathologic lesions known as endometrial hyperplasia. Estrogen, p53, PTEN, and overexpression of cyclin D1 appear to be involved in the development of endometrial carcinogenesis. Design We evaluated and compared the expression profile of cyclin D1 expressions in 50 endometrial samples submitted as either endometrial curetting (n = 34) or hysterectomy (n = 16) specimens, which were diagnosed as simple hyperplasia (n = 10), complex hyperplasia (n = 06), atypical hyperplasia (n = 04), and endometrial carcinoma (n = 20). Ten cases of normal proliferative and secretory endometrium were selected as controls. Breast cancer with known cyclin D1 expression was selected as a positive control in each immunohistochemistry run. Results Cyclin D1 was significantly overexpressed in glands with complex hyperplasia and endometrial adenocarcinoma compared with proliferative or secretory endometrium and simple hyperplasia. A statistical difference was found in the extent of cyclin D1 positivity of simple hyperplasia and carcinoma of the endometrium (p < 0.005). No statistical difference was seen between complex hyperplasia and carcinoma and clinicopathologic parameters in endometrioid carcinomas. All cases of clear cell carcinoma and serous carcinoma showed cyclin D1 immunoreactivity. Significant statistical difference was seen between cyclin D1 expression and only one clinicopathologic parameter, i.e., menopausal status in endometrial carcinomas Conclusion Cyclin D1 over expression may be an early event in endometrial carcinogenesis and cyclin D1 over expression may be an informative biomarker to recognize subsets of endometrial lesions that may be precancerous and therefore amenable to surgical therapy.
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Ahmed, Nadya, e Rivan Isaac. "P53 Expression in Endometrial Hyperplasia and Endometrial Carcinoma". Zanco Journal of Medical Sciences 14, n.º 2 (1 de agosto de 2010): 28–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.15218/zjms.2010.019.
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Background and objective: Mutations of the P53 tumor suppressor gene and altera-tions in its protein expression often occur in a variety of human malignant tumors, including endometrial carcinoma, but the practical implications of this phenomenon are yet to be fully exploited. This study was designed to evaluate P53 protein expression in normal, hyper-plastic and malignant endometrium by immunohistochemical study and to correlate P53 expression in endometrial carcinoma with other clinic-pathological prognostic parameters (age, histologic type, tumor grade, cervical & myometrial invasion, and tumor stage). Methods: The studied samples included 100 formalin fixed, paraffin embedded endo-metrial tissue specimens which were divided to the following diagnostic categories: - Pro-liferative endometrium (n=10); secretory endometrium (n=10); simple hyperplasia (n=10); complex hyperplasia without atypia (n=20); atypical complex hyperplasia (n=10) and endo-metrial carcinoma (n=40). Results: None of the normal endometrium, simple hyperplasia and complex hyperplasia without atypia showed P53 immunostaining, while 20% of atypical complex hyperplasia and 32.5% of endometrial carcinoma showed immunoreactivity for P53. In endometrial car-cinoma, significant correlation was observed between P53 expression and age at diagno-sis, histological grade,FIGO stage, myometrial invasion & cervical invasion ; but not with the histological type . Conclusion: The results indicated the validity & simplicity of the application of immuno-histochemistry in determining the status of P53 overexpresion which is strongly associated with endometrial carcinoma aggressiveness and high malignant potential.
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Abdullaiev, V. E., e A. M. Hryhorenko. "Features of instrumental research methods in combination of endometrial hyperplasia with chronic endometritis". Reports of Vinnytsia National Medical University 25, n.º 4 (30 de novembro de 2021): 623–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.31393/reports-vnmedical-2021-25(4)-20.
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Annotation. Hyperplastic processes of the endometrium can be triggered by a chronic inflammatory process. In addition, the importance of the presence of a long hyperproliferative process in the endometrium to accelerate genome modification with significant negative consequences of the development of oncogynecological pathology has been proved. The above risks require the development of clear diagnostic criteria for endometrial hyperplastic processes at the stage of non-invasive instrumental diagnosis. The aim of the study was to establish the features of the impact of chronic endometritis on the risk of neoplastic endometrial processes. A study of 161 women aged 18 to 53 years. Of these, 58 women had a verified diagnosis of endometrial hyperplastic process, and 71 women had endometrial hyperplasia due to chronic endometritis. The control group consisted of 32 women without signs of hyperplastic processes and chronic endometritis. Statistical data processing was performed on a personal computer using Microsoft Excel spreadsheets and the application package Statistica for Windows v.7.0, StatSoft Inc. (USA). All obtained quantitative data were processed by the method of variation statistics. A significant increase in uterine size was found in patients with endometrial hyperplastic processes, an increase in M-echo in patients with a combination of chronic endometritis and endometrial hyperplasia. The control group consisted of 32 somatically healthy women. Statistical data processing was performed on a personal computer using Microsoft Excel spreadsheets and the application package Statistica for Windows v.7.0, StatSoft Inc. (USA). All obtained quantitative data were processed by the method of variation statistics. A significant increase in uterine size was found in patients with endometrial hyperplastic processes, an increase in M-echo in patients with a combination of chronic endometritis and endometrial hyperplasia. The basal artery resistance index was found to be lower in the group of women with chronic endometritis. Similar indicators are established for the values of the pulsation index of the basal arteries of the uterus and the state of the spiral arteries. Thus, the method of ultrasound diagnosis of internal female genitals is a highly sensitive and specific method for the diagnosis of hyperproliferative processes of the endometrium, but has limited informativeness for the diagnosis of chronic endometritis. The combination of ultrasound diagnostics with dopplerometry of uterine vessels and endometrium (with the development of appropriate diagnostic criteria) allows to suspect chronic endometritis at the stage of pre-diagnostic hysteroscopy and subsequent pathomorphological and immunohistochemical examination.
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Khaskhachykh, Khaskhachykh Dmytro, e Valentin Potapov. "Impact of changes in the vaginal microbiome and chronic endometritis on the initiation of hyperplastic processes of the endometrium in women". Ukrainian Scientific Medical Youth Journal 134, n.º 4 (27 de dezembro de 2022): 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.32345/usmyj.4(134).2022.22-28.
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the article presents a review of the literature, which examines the impact of changes in the vaginal microbiome and chronic endometritis on the development of hyperplastic processes of the endometrium in women. Many studies have proven the undoubted role of these factors in the development of endometrial hyperplastic processes, such as atypical hyperplasia and endometrial polyposis. Chronic endometritis, on the background of which there was a course of endometrial hyperplasia, in 95.1% of women studied was caused by an infection of viral, bacterial or fungal origin. Numerous studies indicate the important role of chronic persistent infection in the development of hyperproliferative processes of the endometrium. The largest role in the pathological process is probably played by bacteria of the genus Gardnerella viridans as well as gram-positive cocci (Streptococcus). Herpes simplex virus, cytomegalovirus, human papilloma virus and pathogenic fungi represented by the genus Candida also influence the occurrence of this process. Further studies of the pathological action of these microorganisms will achieve greater accuracy in the diagnosis of hyperplastic processes of the endometrium.
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Magyar, Zoltán, Zsolt Csapó e Zoltán Papp. "The effect of postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy on endometrial bleeding". Orvosi Hetilap 148, n.º 31 (1 de agosto de 2007): 1451–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/oh.2007.28000.
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Cékitűzés: A vizsgálat célja meghatározni a postmenopausalis hormonterápia (kizárólagos ösztrogén-, szekvenciális és folyamatosan kombinált ösztrogén-progesztogén kezelés) hatását az endometrialis vérzésre és a méhnyálkahártya szövettani átalakulására. Beteganyag: Szerzők klinikájának Menopauza Ambulanciáján ötéves időszakban (2000–2005) 5893 beteget gondoztak, és vizsgálták a postmenopausalis méhvérzések előfordulását a hormonterápiában részesültek és nem részesültek csoportjában. Vérzés esetén mindig frakcionált abrasiót végeztek, és a mintákat szövettanilag feldolgozták. Eredmények: A postmenopausában lévő betegek hormonkezelésben nem részesítettek csoportjában több mint kétszer több vérzés fordult elő, mint a hormonkezelésben részesültek között. Anyagukban a proliferatiós és a hyperplasiás endometrium-leletek elsősorban a nem kezelt páciensek közül kerültek ki, ami amellett szól, hogy a megfelelő időben, akár már a menopausa előtt megkezdett hormonkezelés csökkentheti a hyperplasia és ezáltal közvetve az adenocarcinoma kialakulásának az esélyét. A kizárólag ösztrogént alkalmazó betegekben gyakoribb volt a hyperplasia. Elképzelhetőnek tartják, hogy az ellensúlyozatlan ösztrogénkezelés a már meglévő endometrium-hyperplasiát tovább súlyosbíthatja. A hormonkezeltek csoportjában atípiával járó komplex hyperplasia nem, csak simplex hyperplasia fordult elő. A folyamatosan kombinált készítmények alkalmazása mellett az esetek döntő részében a méhnyálkahártya atrófizálódott, így lényegesen csökkent a hyperplasiával járó eltérések s a mellékhatásként jelentkező vérzés esélye. A hormonkezeltek között gyakoribb volt az endometrium-polip, és nem tudják megmagyarázni, de a cervicalis polypusok aránya is. Következtetés: A szerzők tapasztalata szerint a hormonkezelés nem rizikótényezője az endometrium-karcinómának, hanem a kombinált készítmények a hyperplasia és ezen keresztül az adenocarcinoma eredeti esélyét csökkentik.
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Al-Kaabi, Methaq, Khalida Noel e Abdal-jabbar Al-Rubai. "Evaluation of immunohistochemical expression of stem cell markers (NANOG and CD133) in normal, hyperplastic, and malignant endometrium". Journal of Medicine and Life 15, n.º 1 (janeiro de 2022): 117–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.25122/jml-2021-0206.
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Cancer stem cells (CSC) are a potential cause for recurrence, metastasis, and resistance of tumors to different therapeutic modalities like hormonal radiotherapy and chemotherapy. We investigated two CSC markers (NANOG and CD 133) in normal, hyperplastic endometrium and endometrial carcinoma. A total of 93 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue blocks were used for immunohistochemical expression of NANOG and CD133 markers. NANOG expression was detected in 88.37% of endometrial carcinoma cases compared to 15% of the normal proliferative endometrium and 60% of hyperplasia cases. In endometrial carcinoma, high NANOG expression was significantly correlated with high grade, deep myometrial invasion, lymph node metastasis, and high stage with p-values (0.009, 0.005, 0.014, and 0.003, respectively). CD133 was positive in 76.74% of endometrial carcinoma cases, and it showed a significant correlation with deep myometrial invasion, positive lymph node, positive lymphovascular invasion, and high stage (p-values 0.003, 0.001, 0.003, and 0.013, respectively). Normal endometrium showed less expression of CD133 (only 5%) than hyperplasia and endometrial carcinoma with a statistically highly significant difference (p less than 0.0001). Hyperplastic cases with atypia expressed higher CD133 than those without atypia (6 out of 12 versus 3 out of 18). However, this difference was not statistically significant (p-value 0.111). The cancer stem cell markers NANOG and CD 133 are expressed in a high percentage in endometrial carcinoma compared to normal and hyperplasia and their expression is positively correlated with the aggressive behavior of the tumor. High expression of these two markers in apparently normal tissue around the tumor and in hyperplastic conditions with atypia suggests the possibility to use NANOG and CD133 expression as a diagnostic marker distinguishing dysplasia from reactive atypia. Therefore, inhibition of these markers can be a promising method to stop the progression of early cancers.
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Aban, M., M. Arslan, E. Tok, S. Tekes, T. Budak e A. Altintas. "CYP17 genetic polymorphism in patients with endometrial hyperplasia and cancer". International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer 16, Suppl 1 (janeiro de 2006): 448–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ijgc-00009577-200602001-00085.
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We investigated the association of CYP17 gene polymorphism with the risk of having endometrial cancer and a well-known precursor of it, endometrial hyperplasia. Group A (control group) consisted of 35 patients who had histologically proven normal endometrium. Group B and C consisted of 18 and 30 patients who had endometrial hyperplasia with and without atypia, respectively. Group D consisted of 57 patients who had endometrial cancer. Venous blood samples were collected from patients in groups, and polymerase chain reaction was performed to determine the CYP17 gene polymorphism. Significant increase of A1/A1 and a decrease of A1/A2 genotype frequencies have been determined in patients with endometrial cancer and with atypical endometrial hyperplasia. No significant differences were found between groups in the frequency of A2/A2 genotype. There was no significant difference between the groups in the meaning of allele distributions. CYP17 polymorphism had correlation with endometrial atypia and cancer. Related effects of different types of CYP17 gene variants on the progression of hyperplastic endometrial cells into carcinoma should be evaluated in further studies. Progress in this area would help us modulate preventive treatments used in those actual high–risk group patients.
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Madan, Dr Yogendra. "Endometrial Hyperplasia - Changing Concept". Global Journal For Research Analysis 3, n.º 6 (15 de junho de 2012): 167–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22778160/june2014/57.
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Devabhaktuni, Pratibha, Padmaja Allani, Suneetha Komatlapalli e Rekha Rani Ksheerasagara. "Hysteroscopy in one hundred cases of postmenopausal uterine bleeding, in the detection of uterine cancer and atypical endometrial hyperplasia". International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 9, n.º 6 (27 de maio de 2020): 2253. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20202084.
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Background: Evaluation was done in 100 women presenting with postmenopausal bleeding, (PMB), to discuss the utility of hysteroscopy combined guided endometrial curettage in the diagnosis of uterine cancer and endometrial hyperplasia, and, treat benign lesions, like polyps, synechiae at the same sitting. At MGMH during the years, 2002 to 2006, there were 57 women, and at care, 40 women with PMB during 2011 to 2013, and three in a nursing home, Hyderabad, were investigated.Methods: Evaluation was done in 100 women presenting with PMB by hysteroscopy and curettage to diagnose the cause of PMB and benign lesions like polyps, synechiae were managed by operative hysteroscopy. Bettocchi 5 mm hysteroscope, monopolar instruments and glycine was used for excision of polyps.Results: In one hundred women with PMB, 19% had cancer. Endometrial adenocarcinoma in 14, endocervical carcinoma in 2, uterine carcinosarcoma in 3 cases. All 3 cases of uterine carcinosarcoma on hysteroscopy were large polyps measuring 5×5-6 cm size. Atypical hyperplasia endometrium in 7% and simple hyperplasia in 17%, was reported on histopathology, in cases with hyperplastic endometrium on hysteroscopy. Benign polyps in 41% were managed at the same sitting by operative hysteroscopy.Conclusions: Women with postmenopausal bleeding must have USG, trans vaginal sonography (TVS), endometrial thickness (ET) measurement, preferably endometrial echo complex (EEC). In women with PMB, the risk of uterine cancer would be 19%, i.e., 1 out of 5 women. Atypical hyperplasia in 7%. Hysteroscopy guided curettage, with histopathology, is the gold standard protocol in cases of PMB.
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Salamova, K. K., L. V. Saprykina, A. M. Ramazanova, Z. T. Mil’dzikhova e Е. В. Е.В. Stolyarova. "Clinical characteristics of women with endometrial hyperplasia". Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health 4, n.º 2 (2021): 124–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.32364/2618-8430-2021-4-2-124-129.
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Aim: to describe clinical characteristics of women with endometrial hyperplasia. Patients and Methods: this retrospective single-center study enrolled 86 women who underwent hysteroscopic curettage (with subsequent histology) on the basis of complaints and ultrasound. All women were divided into three groups. Group 1 included 30 women with endometrial hyperplasia (EH). Group 2 included 30 women with endometrial polyps (EP). Group 3 included 26 healthy women without any endometrium conditions (control group). Somatic status, obstetric gynecologic anamnesis, and comorbidities were evaluated. Results: in women with EH, heavy periods were 2.37- and 2.6-times more common than in groups 2 and 3 (p<0.05) while the rate of other abnormal uterine bleedings was 7.06- and 6.06-times higher, respectively (p<0.05). In women with EH, anemia was diagnosed 4- and 5.2-times more common than in groups 2 (p<0.05) and 3 (p<0.05), respectively. In group 2, inflammatory cervical and vaginal conditions were 3.98- and 3.46-times more common than in group 1 (p<0.05) and group 3 (p>0.05). The occurrence of endocrine disorders in group 1 was 4.49- and 3.9-times higher than in group 2 and 3, respectively (p<0.05). Anamnestic thrombosis, strokes, and migraines were reported only in women with EH. Conclusions: prevention of endometrium conditions entails both early detection and control over ovulation and management of endocrine disorders and treatment of genital tract inflammation. When managing women with uterine fibroids and adenomyosis and anamnestic thrombosis, a doctor should be vigilant about EH. KEYWORDS: endometrial hyperplasia, endometrial polyp, inflammation, hyperplastic conditions, uterus, thrombosis. FOR CITATION: Salamova K.K., Saprykina L.V., Ramazanova A.M. et al. Clinical characteristics of women with endometrial hyperplasia. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2021;4(2):124–129. DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2021-4-2-124-129.
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Prip, Clara M., Maria Stentebjerg, Mary H. Bennetsen, Lone K. Petersen e Pinar Bor. "Risk of atypical hyperplasia and endometrial carcinoma after initial diagnosis of non-atypical endometrial hyperplasia: A long-term follow-up study". PLOS ONE 17, n.º 4 (12 de abril de 2022): e0266339. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0266339.
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Objectives The strong association between atypical endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial carcinoma is well established, but data on the risk of atypical hyperplasia and carcinoma in Danish women with non-atypical endometrial hyperplasia are almost non-existent. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of atypical hyperplasia and endometrial carcinoma diagnosed within 3 months of initial diagnosis (defined as concurrent disease) and the risk of atypical hyperplasia and carcinoma more than 3 months after initial diagnosis (classified as progressive disease) in Danish women initially diagnosed with non-atypical endometrial hyperplasia. Design This cohort study recruited 102 women diagnosed with non-atypical endometrial hyperplasia at Randers Regional Hospital in Randers, Denmark, between 2000 and 2015. Methods The endometrium was evaluated by transvaginal ultrasound examination and office mini-hysteroscopy with biopsies in all non-hysterectomized women. Data regarding subsequent hysterectomy or endometrial sampling were obtained from medical records and the Danish Pathology Registry (Patobank). Results A total of 15 women were diagnosed with atypical hyperplasia or carcinoma during follow-up. Concurrent atypical hyperplasia or carcinoma was seen in 2.9% (3/102), and among women who remained at risk for more than 3 months after initial diagnosis of non-atypical endometrial hyperplasia (n = 94), progression to atypical hyperplasia or carcinoma was seen in 13% (median follow-up 5.2 years, range 3.6 months to 15.1 years). Sixty-six percent of the women with progressive disease were diagnosed with atypical hyperplasia or carcinoma more than 1 year after initial diagnosis, but only two were diagnosed later than 5 years (5.2 and 9 years). Conclusions The risk of being diagnosed with atypical endometrial hyperplasia or endometrial carcinoma more than 5 years after an initial diagnosis of non-atypical endometrial hyperplasia seems to be low in Danish women. Specialized follow-up more than 5 years after diagnosis of non-atypical endometrial hyperplasia may not be warranted.
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Kanthi, Janu Mangala, Sudha Sumathy, Anu Vasudevan e Gokulkumar Kamalanathandurai. "Clinical study of risk factors and ultrasonographic correlation of endometrial hyperplasia according to the WHO classification 2014". International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 9, n.º 12 (26 de novembro de 2020): 4989. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20205235.
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Background: Type 1 endometrial carcinoma is usually preceded by atypical hyperplasia. Nonatypical hyperplasia should be managed conservatively and atypical hyperplasia have to be managed aggressively. So, the diagnosis is crucial for its management.Methods: The study population included women diagnosed with endometrial hyperplasia by histopathology as per WHO classification 2014 from the year January 2015 to February 2020.Women with endometrial polyp diagnosed by transvaginal ultrasonography and histopathology were excluded. Primary objective was to compare the endometrial thickness between the two types of hyperplasia. Secondary objective was to analyses the risk factors of the two types.Results: In multivariate analysis of logistic regression, diabetic women have 1.57 times risk of developing atypia and obese women have 3.12 times risk of developing atypia. Polycystic ovarian disease is having borderline significance for causing atypia. There was significant difference in endometrial thickness between atypical and nonatypical hyperplasia (P=0.040). In premenopausal women, (P=0.069) the thickness difference in atypia is of only borderline significance. Heteroechoic pattern or cystic spaces in the endometrium also didn’t predict atypia.Conclusions: Mean endometrial thickness is significantly different in atypical hyperplasia. Heteroechoic pattern of endometrium do not predict atypia. We need color doppler sonography to gain knowledge about atypia. Obesity and diabetes mellitus are significant risk factors of atypia.
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Khodjaeva, Aziza S. "Optimization of treatment tactics in patients with abnormal uterine bleeding on the background of benign hyperplastic processes in the uterus". Gynecology 21, n.º 2 (15 de abril de 2019): 55–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.26442/20795696.2019.2.190383.
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Aim. Optimization of management tactics for patients with abnormal uterine bleeding on the background of benign endometrial and myometrial hyperplastic processes (BEMH) using systemic enzyme therapy. Materials and methods. 90 female patients with BEMH were included. They were divided into three groups: group 1 - women with endometrial hyperplasia, group 2 - women with uterine myoma of small size (6-8 weeks) in combination with endometrial hyperplasia and group 3 - women with endometrial hyperplasia in combination with endometriosis. Systemic enzyme therapy drug was used. Results and conclusions. BEMH are accompanied by inhibition of cellular immunity (pronounced suppression of T-lymphocytes) and excessive activation of humoral immunity. Therefore, an immunomodulatory effect of systemic enzyme therapy at hyperplastic processes is the basis for its prescription for comprehensive treatment of patients with combined endometrial and myometrial hyperplastic processes.
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Benyuk, V. O., V. M. Goncharenko, Yu V. Kravchenko, O. V. Kalenska e Niki Abedi Astaneg. "Modern aspects of the etiology and pathogenesis of hyperplastic endometrial processes". Reproductive health of woman 4 (31 de maio de 2021): 7–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.30841/2708-8731.4.2021.238156.
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The article presents modern approaches to the etiology, classification and pathogenesis of endometrial hyperplastic processes. Hyperplastic processes of the endometrium, representing an urgent medical and social problem, which is due to the peculiarities of the clinical manifestation of the disease (uterine bleeding), reduced reproductive potential, high recurrence rate, limited conservative treatment of this pathology in pre- and postmenopausal women, due to concomitant extragenital diseases and a high risk of malignancy.On the basis of new criteria of pathomorphological diagnostics, drawing parallels with the accumulated experience and clinical data, the immunohistochemical profile for each histotype of hyperplastic process of endometrium is created, certain diagnostic determinants are defined. Namely, simple and complex endometrial hyperplasia without atypia are characterized by imbalance between proliferation and apoptosis, manifested in moderate activation of the intratissue APUD system, lack of activation of proapoptotic protein p53, increased levels of antiapoptotic protein 2. Atypical forms of endometrial hyperplasia (simple and complex) are characterized by expression in the epithelial component of the proapoptotic protein p53, an increase in the level of antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 in 2-2.5 times, expressed by activation of the intratissue APUD system.
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Karamursel, B. S., S. Guven, G. Tulunay, T. Kucukali e A. Ayhan. "Which surgical procedure for patients with atypical endometrial hyperplasia?" International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer 15, n.º 1 (janeiro de 2005): 127–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ijgc-00009577-200501000-00019.
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ObjectiveTo determine the occult coexistence of endometrial carcinoma in patients with atypical endometrial hyperplasia and to compare histological prognostic factors according to lymph node status in occult endometrial carcinoma.Materials and MethodsTwo hundred and four patients from two referral centers (during the period 1990–2003) who were operated on within 1 month of endometrial biopsy for symptomatic endometrial hyperplasia without receiving any medical treatment were included retrospectively. Patients having preoperative endometrial biopsy results of concomitant endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma were excluded from the study. Fifty-six patients having atypia in preoperative biopsy (group I) were compared with 148 patients without atypia (group II). Chi-square and Mann–Whitney U-tests were used for statistical analyses.ResultsNo significant difference was observed between the two groups according to age or menopausal status. Patients in group II had significantly higher parity than patients in group I. In group I, 62.5% of the patients had endometrial carcinoma, 21.4% had endometrial hyperplasia, and 16.1% had normal endometrium in hysterectomy specimens. In group II, the percentages were 5.4, 38.5, and 56.1%, respectively. Complete surgical staging was performed in 20 patients. Four patients had metastatic lymph nodes. All of them had grade 2 tumors with lymphovascular space involvement. Three of them had nonendometrioid tumors.ConclusionCareful intraoperative and preoperative evaluation of the endometrium must be the sine qua non for patients with atypical endometrial hyperplasia. It is reasonable to do frozen section at the time of hysterectomy for atypical endometrial hyperplasia, and if grade 2/3 of nonendometriod cancer with lymphovascular space involvement is found, complete surgical staging should be performed.
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Horrée, Nicole, Paul J. van Diest, Petra van der Groep, Daisy M. D. S. Sie-Go e A. Peter M. Heintz. "Hypoxia and Angiogenesis in Endometrioid Endometrial Carcinogenesis". Analytical Cellular Pathology 29, n.º 3 (1 de janeiro de 2007): 219–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2007/434731.
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Background: Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) plays an essential role in the adaptive response of cells to hypoxia, triggering biologic events associated with aggressive tumor behavior. Methods: Expression of HIF-1α and proteins in the HIF-1α pathway (Glut-1, CAIX, VEGF) in paraffin-embedded specimens of normal (n = 17), premalignant (n = 17) and endometrioid endometrial carcinoma (n = 39) was explored by immunohistochemistry, in relation to microvessel density (MVD). Results: HIF-1α overexpression was absent in inactive endometrium but present in hyperplasia (61%) and carcinoma (87%), with increasing expression in a perinecrotic fashion pointing to underlying hypoxia. No membranous expression of Glut-1 and CAIX was noticed in inactive endometrium, in contrast with expression in hyperplasia (Glut-1 0%, CAIX 61%, only focal and diffuse) and carcinoma (Glut-1 94.6%, CAIX 92%, both mostly perinecrotically). Diffuse HIF-1α was accompanied by activation of downstream targets. VEGF was significantly higher expressed in hyperplasias and carcinomas compared to inactive endometrium. MVD was higher in hyperplasias and carcinomas than in normal endometrium (p < 0.001). Conclusion: HIF-1α and its downstream genes are increasingly expressed from normal through premalignant to endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the endometrium, paralleled by activation of its downstream genes and increased angiogenesis. This underlines the potential importance of hypoxia and its key regulator HIF-1α in endometrial carcinogenesis.
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Akulich, N. S., V. М. Savickaya e V. V. Dziadzichkina. "COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA FOR ENDOMETRIAL HYPERPLASTIC PROCESSES". Medical Journal, n.º 3(77) (2021): 28–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.51922/1818-426x.2021.3.28.
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Endometrial hyperplastic processes are currently among the most common gynecological diseases, tend to a long, recurrent course, are characterized by the absence of specific, pathognomonic symptoms and the complexity of differential diagnosis. With a prolonged course without treatment, endometrial cancer develops in 25 % of cases against the background of benign endometrial changes. The diagnostic criteria allowing to refer the patient for separate diagnostic curettage are contradictory and not always reliable. The aim of this work was to study the informativeness of clinical data, indicators of ultrasound examination in the diagnosis of endometrial hyperplastic processes in different age periods, which is very important for identifying the most accurate methods for diagnosing this pathology. The current work analyzes the diagnostic criteria of endometrial hyperplasia and the results of histological examination of the endometrium in women of different age groups. A high percentage of discrepancy between clinical (47.8 % of cases) and ultrasound (60.4 % of cases) data with the results of patho- morphological examination in the perimenopausal period in the diagnosis of endometrial hyperplastic processes was established. The results obtained confirm the need for a differentiated approach to referral of patients, especially of perimenopausal age, to separate diagnostic curettage of the mucous membrane of the uterine cavity and cervical canal in case of suspected endometrial hyperplasia, taking into account complaints, the woman's age and ultrasound data.
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Berganza, Priscila F., Maria D. Molina, María A. P. Dahinten e Mariela S. Ramos. "Radio Histological Treatment of Endometrial Hyperplasia: A Case Report". Radiology – Open Journal 4, n.º 2 (31 de dezembro de 2020): 55–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.17140/roj-4-132.
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Endometrial hyperplasia is defined as the pathological condition caused by hyper plastic changes at the level of the glandular and stromal structures of the endometrium that are part of the lining of the endometrial cavity. Atypical endometrial hyperplasia can cause an essential problem because it is considered a precursor of endometrial cancer. The early diagnosis of precancerous endometrial lesions and the exclusion of pre-existing endometrial carcinomas are necessary for patients’ optimal management. The following is a case of a 50-year-old Guatemalan patient with a three-day history of vaginal bleeding. The transvaginal ultrasound reports endometrial thickening suggestive of endometrial hyperplasia. The diagnosis was confirmed with histology. The treatment offered was surgery without indicating any medication.
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Tolstanova, G. O. "Modern view of the problem of recurrent hyperplastic processes of the endometrium". HEALTH OF WOMAN, n.º 7(153) (29 de setembro de 2020): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.15574/hw.2020.153.45.
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A review of current data on the problem of recurrent endometrial hyperplasia, presented in modern domestic and foreign literature, its place in the structure of gynecological morbidity, the impact on reducing fertility among women of childbearing age and the growth of cancer. The issues of existing classifications, their relevance and ease of use are considered. The main etiological factors and clinical and anamnestic factors of endometrial hyperplastic processes, prognostic influence of urogenital infections on endometrial pathology are highlighted. Possible mechanisms of pathogenesis are described, including disturbances of hormonal regulation, factors of local humoral and cellular immunity and molecular mechanisms of cellular regulation. The important role of biomolecular markers in the pathogenesis of hyperplastic processes and the correspondence of their degree of activity to morphological changes of the endometrium, because understanding the basics of induction of cell growth, especially in tumor tissue transformation, is an integral part of a competent approach to the management of patients with hyperplasia. The role of genetic research to assess the risk of malignancy and, accordingly, the choice of conservative or operative treatment tactics is considered. Modern morphometric diagnostic criteria are presented. Emphasis is placed on the need to collect endometrial biopsies under the control of a hysteroscope as the gold standard in the diagnosis of endometrial conditions. A separate role in the diagnosis at the present stage is given to immunohistochemical method; conducting not only histological examination of the removed endometrium, but also its receptor activity provides the ability to select the necessary pharmacological correction and predict the development of neoplastic changes. Variants of hormone therapy schemes of endometrial hyperplastic processes are described, and the order of their appointment, depending on the woman’s reproductive plans, concomitant diseases, age and constitutional features. Particular attention is paid to women with metabolic syndrome and the feasibility of including the correction of metabolic disorders in the treatment of such patients. The duration and frequency of observation of women during treatment are indicated. The presented data demonstrate the lack of a clear algorithm in the tactics of diagnosis and treatment of recurrent hyperplastic processes, which determines the relevance of in-depth scientific study in this area. Keywords: endometrial hyperplasia, recurrence, hysteroscopy, endometrial receptors
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Shrestha, Pravin, Smita Shrestha e Vibha Mahato. "Endometrial study by Ultrasonography and its correlation with Histopathology in Abnormal uterine bleeding". Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 9, n.º 2 (1 de março de 2018): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v9i2.19171.
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Background: Abnormal Uterine Bleeding is defined as any deviation from a normal menstrual pattern. It is one of the common presentation in extremes of ages. However endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma are commoner in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women warranting investigations like ultrasonography and endometrial biopsy.Aims and Objective: The aim of the study was to note the endometrial thickness by transabdominal ultrasonography and observe the histopathological pattern in women presenting with abnormal Uterine Bleeding.Material and Methods: Premenopausal women more than 45 years of age and the postmenopausal patients, without any pelvic pathology were included in the study. Endometrial thickness was measured by transabdominal sonography and endometrial biopsy was done. Tissue obtained was sent for histopathological examination.Results: A total of 105 patients were studied. Majority (92%) of patients were premenopausal. Proliferative Endometrium (32%) was the most common finding in premenopausal and atrophic endometrium (37.5%) in postmenopausal group. Malignancy was higher in a postmenopausal group (12.5%) as compared to the premenopausal group (2%). Malignancy was not seen when endometrial thickness was less than 11mm in the premenopausal age group. Endometrial hyperplasia was also more common when the thickness was more than 11mm.In postmenopausal group12.5% of patients, had complex hyperplasia.25% had simple hyperplasia and malignancy was seen in 12.5% of patients. When endometrial thickness was less than 5 mm, hyperplasia and malignancy was not seen.Conclusion: Measurement of Endometrial thickness and histopathological workup in patients above 45 years presenting with abnormal uterine bleeding will be helpful in detecting endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.9(2) 2018 31-35
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Tsubanova, N. A., A. V. Barskaya e T. D. Gubchenko. "Endometrium Hyperplastic Processes. Correction resources of naturopathic preparations". HEALTH OF WOMAN, n.º 4(120) (30 de maio de 2017): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.15574/hw.2017.120.47.
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The article presents modern aspects of etiopathogenetic factors of endometrium hyperplastic processes. Modern data on the classification, diagnosis and therapy of endometrial hyperplasia was analyzed. The possibility of using modern naturopathic drugs «Normomens» on the basis of extracts of Vitex agnus castus, Zingiber officinale, Trigonella foenum graecum, Pyrus malus and «Normocycle» containing extracts of Symplocos racemosa, Asparagus racemosus, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Curcuma longa was theoretically substantiated in the therapy of endometrium hyperplastic processes. Key words: endometrium hyperplastic processes, Normomens, Normocycle.
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Lugo, Carlos, e Nazira Monsalve. "Evaluación endometrial vía histeroscopia en pacientes con cáncer de mama – receptores hormonales positivos, tratadas con hormonoterapia". Revista de Obstetricia y Ginecología de Venezuela 80, n.º 04 (7 de dezembro de 2020): 312–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.51288/00800408.
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Objective: To know via hysteroscopy the endometrial pathology associated with the use of hormone therapy in patients with breast cancer. Methods: Research design: non-experimental, longitudinal, trend; based on patients who come randomly, from January to July 2014, to the consultation of Los Andes University Hospital. Results: The mean age of the patients was 55.3 years, mean time of menopause 8.03 years; 8 (26.6%) patients had associated chronic arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus II, and 10% of the patients had arterial hypertension. The most common endometrial alterations were: 46.7 % endometrial polyps, 13.3 % simple hyperplasia without atypia, 6.6 % leiomyomas. Among 5 (16.6%) users of exemestane (all with normal ultrasound), 3 (10%) had endometrial polyps and 2 (6.7%) negative biopsies. Among the 23 (76.7%) patients taking tamoxifen, 9 (30%) had thickened endometrium, 12 (40%) normal ultrasound and 2 (6.7%) other findings; 10 (33.3 %) had polyps (6 with normal ultrasound and 4 with endometrial thickening) and 3 endometrial hyperplasia (all with thickened endometrium). Two patients receiving both treatments, one had hyperplasia and one had polyps (both with thickened endometrium). The population studies in 60% were luminal B breast cancer; 1 (3.3 %) patient had a vagal reflex as a complication of the procedure. Conclusion: Histeroscopic findings most often diagnosed were endometrial polyps, simple hyperplasia without atypia and submucosal myomas. Keywords: Hysteroscopy, endometrium, tamoxifen, cancer, breast.
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Radi, Zaher A. "Endometritis and Cystic Endometrial Hyperplasia in a Goat". Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 17, n.º 4 (julho de 2005): 393–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104063870501700418.
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Histologic examination was performed on uterine biopsy samples of irregular cystic masses noted during caesarean section of a 2-year-old female Boer goat. Histopathologic examination revealed multifocal erosions of the superficial epithelium and multifocal infiltration of the endometrium by widely scattered viable and degenerate neutrophils, lymphocytes, and plasma cells admixed with mild amounts of cellular debris and hemorrhage. The endometrium was markedly expanded by many irregular cystic and hyperplastic glands. This is the first case report of endometritis and cystic endometrial hyperplasia in a goat in North America.
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Pejić, Snežana, Ana Todorović, Vesna Stojiljković, Dragana Cvetković, Nenad Lučić, Ratko M. Radojičić, Zorica S. Saičić e Snežana B. Pajovic. "Superoxide dismutase and lipid hydroperoxides in blood and endometrial tissue of patients with benign, hyperplastic and malignant endometrium". Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 80, n.º 3 (setembro de 2008): 515–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0001-37652008000300011.
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Epidemiological and experimental data point to involvement of oxygen derived radicals in the pathogenesis of gynecological disorders, as well as in cancer development. The objective of the present study was to examine changes in activities and levels of copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD) and lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH) in blood and endometrial tissue of patients diagnosed with uterine myoma, endometrial polypus, hyperplasia simplex, hyperplasia complex and adenocarcinoma endometrii. The results of our study have shown decreased SOD activities and unchanged SOD protein level in blood of all examined patients in comparison to healthy subjects. Decrease of both SOD activity and level was found in endometrium of patients with hyperplasia simplex, hyperplasia complex and adenocarcinoma in comparison to women with polypus or myoma. LOOH level was elevated in both tissues of patients with hyperplasiaor adenocarcinoma in comparison to healthy subjects or patients with benign diagnosis. Our findings suggest that the decrease in SOD activity and level, as well as the increase in LOOH level, in patients with gynecological disorders, render these patients more susceptible to oxidative damage caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS). An imbalance in ROS formation and SOD level may be important in the pathogenesis and/or perpetuation of tissue damage in gynecological patients. Since evidence suggests that SOD may be a therapy target for cancer treatment, our findings provide a basis for further research and options for clinical applications.