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Artigos de revistas sobre o assunto "Enlightenment Philosophy Progress"

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Sztajer, Sławomir. "Enlightenment philosophy and scepticism." Humaniora. Czasopismo Internetowe 29, no. 1 (2020): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/h.2020.1.6.

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The article discusses the role of scepticism in the Enlightenment. For many historians of philosophy, Enlightenment was a hiatus in the history of scepticism. Ideas often attributed to the Enlightenment, such as the cult of reason, optimism and the belief in progress, seem to be contrary to scepticism. I argue that this simplistic view of the Enlightenment is far from reality. The Enlightenment not only brought forth such great followers of scepticism as Hume, but also influenced other thinkers in many different ways. The influence of scepticism is not always clearly visible in the philosophic
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BROWN, STEWART J. "MORAL CULTURE AND HISTORICAL PROGRESS IN THE SCOTTISH ENLIGHTENMENT." Modern Intellectual History 16, no. 3 (2018): 993–1005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479244317000646.

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We continue to be intrigued by the Scottish Enlightenment. How was it that a relatively remote country on the geographical periphery of Europe—with a harsh climate, a largely mountainous terrain, a strict Calvinist creed, a small population and a history of civil strife—emerged in the 1740s as a “hotbed of genius” and a center of the European Enlightenment? The subject, to be sure, has been well studied. There is an immense literature and it can seem that there is little new to be said. Indeed, it may be, as the eminent historian Colin Kidd has observed in this journal, that “the very concept
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Moussaly, Omer. "A Historicist Critique of Steven Pinker’s Interpretation of Progress." Dialogue and Universalism 31, no. 2 (2021): 285–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/du202131232.

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This article presents an alternative account of the Enlightenment project than the one offered by Steven Pinker in Enlightenment Now. It also offers some insights into how historic changes concretely occurred. Based on a Marxian reading of history we attempt to complete the portrait of human progress that Pinker provides. The main arguments in support of our alternative explanation of social progress are based on insights taken from important works written by such intellectuals as Giovanni Arrighi, Andre Gunder Frank, Antonio Gramsci, Chris Harman, Eric Hobsbawm, C. L. R. James, Karl Korsch, D
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Tashlinskaya, Elena. "Education Project: Utopia or New Reality?" Dialogue and Universalism 31, no. 2 (2021): 247–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/du202131230.

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The article reveals the main specific features of Russian philosophy of the Enlightenment. The activity of the outstanding scientist Mikhail V. Lomonosov, his contribution to the development of domestic and world science and philosophy come to the forth. Russian Enlightenment is distinguished by the originality of the intellectual tradition. Knowledge of Western ideas leads to the emergence of domestic science, philosophy, literature. The desire for freedom, autonomy and progress in science during the century of Enlightenment was combined with adherence to spiritual traditions, and openness to
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Walentowicz, Halina. "Jean-Jacques Rousseau in the Context of the Enlightenment and the Contemporary Era." Dialogue and Universalism 31, no. 2 (2021): 185–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/du202131227.

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Jean-Jacques Rousseau is a special personage in the history of Enlightenment philosophy and European thought in general. This is so, because, on the one hand, he propounded ideas that were typical for the Enlightenment and greatly influenced his contemporaries—after all, it was he who inspired Kant with the idea of the autonomy of the will as a source of moral and juridical law, a conception which became the foundation of Kantian practical philosophy—but on the other criticised many popular ideas of his day, which from our contemporary perspective appear to have been the superstitions of the E
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Malhotra, Ashok Kumar. "Appraisal of Steven Pinker’s Position on Enlightenment." Dialogue and Universalism 31, no. 2 (2021): 263–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/du202131231.

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Steven Pinker presents four ideals of Enlightenment in his popular book Enlightenment Now: The Case for Reason, Science, Humanism, and Progress. He argues his case brilliantly and convincingly through cogent arguments in a language comprehensible to the reader of the present century. Moreover, whether it is reason or science or humanism or progress, he defends his position powerfully. He justifies his views by citing 75 graphs on the upswing improvement made by humanity in terms of prosperity, longevity, education, equality of men and women, health, political freedom and medical breakthroughs.
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Bradford Bow, Charles. "Molyneux's Problem in the Scottish Enlightenment." Historical Reflections/Réflexions Historiques 45, no. 3 (2019): 22–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/hrrh.2019.450302.

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This article examines the “progress” of Scottish metaphysics during the long eighteenth century. The scientific cultivation of natural knowledge drawn from the examples of Sir Francis Bacon (1561–1626), John Locke (1632–1704), and Sir Isaac Newton (1642–1727) was a defining pursuit in the Scottish Enlightenment. The Aberdonian philosopher George Dalgarno (1616–1687); Thomas Reid (1710–1796), a member of the Aberdeen Philosophical Society known as the Wise Club; and the professor of moral philosophy at Edinburgh University Dugald Stewart (1753–1828), contributed to that Scottish pattern of phil
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Shrock, Christopher A. "Thomas Reid on the Improvement of Knowledge." Journal of Scottish Philosophy 17, no. 2 (2019): 125–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/jsp.2019.0232.

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Thomas Reid often seems distant from other Scottish Enlightenment figures. While Hume, Hutcheson, Kames, and Smith wrestled with the nature of social progress, Reid was busy with natural philosophy and epistemology, stubbornly loyal to traditional religion and ethics, and out of touch with the heart of his own intellectual world. Or was he? I contend that Reid not only engaged the Scottish Enlightenment's concern for improvement, but, as a leading interpreter of Isaac Newton and Francis Bacon, he also developed a scheme to explain the progress of human knowledge. Pulling thoughts from across R
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Shirokova, M. A. "On the Problems of Periodization and Features of the Russian Enlightenment." Izvestiya of Altai State University, no. 5(115) (November 30, 2020): 64–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/izvasu(2020)5-09.

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In connection with the concept of the "new Enlightenment" formulated in the recent anniversary report of the Club of Rome, the author of the article analyzes the phenomenon of the Enlightenment in Russia. The points of view of domestic and foreign researchers on the positive and negative aspects of the Enlightenment, the reasons for the crisis of the "classical" Enlightenment and the need for its renewal are considered. One of the most important problems of the European Enlightenment of the 18th century - the crisis of public morality. The enlighteners borrowed the norms and values of traditio
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Latimer, Bonnie. "A Feminine Enlightenment: British Women Writers and the Philosophy of Progress, 1759–1820." Women's Writing 24, no. 4 (2017): 537–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09699082.2017.1355035.

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Teses / dissertações sobre o assunto "Enlightenment Philosophy Progress"

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Lotterie, Florence. "Progrès et perfectibilité un dilemme des Lumières françaises (1755-1814) /." Oxford : Voltaire Foundation, 2006. http://books.google.com/books?id=hQldAAAAMAAJ.

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Ranjbar, Reza. "La perception de la philosophie occidentale moderne dans les écrits des penseurs iraniens de l’époque qâjâr." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCA152.

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En Iran, la philosophie a deux histoires distinctes : l’une, dans laquelle les Iraniens jouèrent un rôle considérable, est liée à la connaissance de la pensée et plus généralement des sciences grecques, au début de la période islamique ; l’autre est liée à la rencontre des Iraniens avec l’Occident moderne et à ses conséquences culturelles, sociales et politiques. À ce moment-là, certains d’entre eux, fascinés par la puissance militaire, la discipline sociale et les innovations technologiques européennes, commencent à réfléchir sur la situation de l’Europe et à la comparer à la société iranienn
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Reitsam, David. "La Querelle d’Homère dans la presse des Lumières : l’exemple du Nouveau Mercure galant." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0148.

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La thèse s’intéresse à la réception de la Querelle d’Homère dans la presse des Lumières et met l’accent sur l’accueil que lui accorde le Nouveau Mercure galant d’Hardouin Le Fèvre de Fontenay. Cet homme de lettres succède à Claude Dufresny et à Jean Donneau de Visé à la tête du Mercure dont il a la responsabilité du printemps 1714 jusqu’à l’automne 1716. Par conséquent, la Querelle d’Homère qui éclate en 1715, après la publication de la traduction de l’Iliade d’Houdar de La Motte ainsi que de Des Causes de la corruption du goût d’Anne Dacier, se trouve au cœur des 29 éditions du périodique. Pe
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Livros sobre o assunto "Enlightenment Philosophy Progress"

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Wright, Robert W. Economics, enlightenment, and Canadian nationalism. McGill-Queen's University Press, 1993.

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Economics, enlightenment, and Canadian nationalism. McGill-Queen's University Press, 1991.

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Die Fortschrittstheorie der Aufklärung: Französische und englische Geschichtsphilosophie in der zweiten Hälfte des 18. Jahrhunderts. Campus, 1987.

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Wolloch, Nathaniel. History and nature in the Enlightenment: Praise of the mastery of nature in eighteenth-century historical literature. Ashgate, 2011.

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History and nature in the Enlightenment: Praise of the mastery of nature in eighteenth-century historical literature. Ashgate, 2011.

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Rattner, Josef. Aufklärung und Fortschrittsdenken in Deutschland 1750-1850: Von Kant und Lessing bis Heine und Feuerbach. Königshausen & Neumann, 2004.

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Pareja, Carlos. Más alla de los mitos del progreso: Las insuficiencias del programa iluminista y la búsqueda de una heurística alternativa. CLAEH, 1987.

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Pareja, Carlos. Más allá de los mitos del progreso: Las insuficiencias del programa iluminista y la búsqueda de una heurística alternativa. CLAEH, 1987.

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Philosophical academic programs of the German Enlightement: A literary genre recontextualized. Frommann-Holzboog, 2012.

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DeLucia, JoEllen. Feminine Enlightenment: British Women Writers and the Philosophy of Progress, 1759-1820. Edinburgh University Press, 2017.

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Capítulos de livros sobre o assunto "Enlightenment Philosophy Progress"

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Gaukroger, Stephen, and Knox Peden. "4. Post-Revolutionary philosophy." In French Philosophy: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780198829171.003.0004.

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After the French Revolution, philosophy and the rapid rise of individualism were blamed for the bloodshed. ‘Post-Revolutionary philosophy: the nineteenth century and the Third Republic’ introduces thinkers like Auguste Comte, who ushered in socialism by arguing that Enlightenment ideas had toppled the old order of monarchy and religion, but that their individualism potentially hampered progress. Progress, epitomized by science, was the goal in nineteenth-century French philosophy. Rationalism and the ‘critical idealism’ of Léon Brunschvicg were not the only schools of thought. The Romantic philosopher Henri Bergson tackled the relationship between mind, body, and spirit by defining knowledge as a process.
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Susato, Ryu. "Conclusion." In Hume's Sceptical Enlightenment. Edinburgh University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9780748699803.003.0009.

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Based on the above arguments, the Conclusion summarises the basic features of Hume’s Sceptical Enlightenment by comparing the overall characteristics of his social philosophy with those of Voltaire – who is supposedly categorised as another ‘Sceptical Enlightenment’ thinker. It is true that both philosophes have much in common, though the former’s ‘spirit of scepticism’ permeates even the positive advocacy of modern values such as politeness, refinement, and progress. Unlike the propagandist and militant stance of Voltaire, Hume’s sceptical (allegedly indifferent and detached) posture can be considered an important and unique contribution to the intellectual resources of the eighteenth-century Enlightenment thinkers. Despite of Hume’s emphasis on ‘common life’, his sceptical approach is also quite different from the one taken by the Scottish Common Sense philosophers such as James Beattie. This is exemplified in Hume’s popularity among some Postmodernists who aim to find another possible modernity in him.
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Scott, Jonathan. "Anglo-Dutch-American Enlightenment." In How the Old World Ended. Yale University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300243598.003.0015.

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This chapter studies cultural invention in light of the North-Western European cultural movement called Enlightenment. Enlightenment refers, in the first place, to a description by European intellectuals of what they took to be an advanced present state of moral and natural knowledge by comparison to that of the ancients. With related self-confidence, in the heyday of their empires, some described their culture as possessed of a dynamic modernity to be distinguished from the ‘oriental' lethargy and backwardness existing elsewhere. Yet Enlightenment also originated as European self-criticism. One context for that was the comparative perspective acquired by discovery of non-European cultures. In this and in other ways the origin of Enlightenment, including its ‘conviction that progress had become unstoppable', lies in the period when Renaissance and Reformation combined with printing and natural philosophy to establish the culture of the European North-West.
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Gutova, Svetlana Georgievna. "The Phenomenon of Culture in the Philosophy of the French Enlightenment." In Culture. Science. Education: Current Issues. Publishing house Sreda, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31483/r-75440.

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The most relevant features of the French Enlightenment are studied in the article. One of the features is ambivalence, that was expressed in most of the theoretical judgments by representatives of the era. The main ideas of the French Enlightenment are presented through the prism of the historical formation of the basic concepts: nature, human brain, culture. It is emphasized that the main achievement of the enlighteners in the cultural reformation of society was to combat religious and moral prejudices. It is noted that the value of enlighteners is in their innovative attempt to create a progressive model of cultural development based on a naturalistic and mechanical and deterministic picture of the world. The philosophical and cultural analysis revealed the internal dynamics of the enlighteners' ideas from civilizational optimism to criticism of civilizational progress. It is concluded that the philosophical and theoretical legacy of the Enlightenment, in the framework of the development of a single paradigm, is integral, logical and actually complete, that made the most use of its methodological and heuristic potential.
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Winegar, Reed. "Elise Reimarus." In Women and Philosophy in Eighteenth-Century Germany. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198843894.003.0007.

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This chapter examines Elise Reimarus’s role in two of eighteenth-century Germany’s most heated intellectual controversies: the Fragment and Pantheism Controversies. In particular, the chapter considers how Reimarus’s Enlightenment views (including her own freethinking, deistic beliefs) informed her participation in the two controversies but also raise a puzzle—namely, why does Reimarus, a staunch defender of public reason and free speech, seem to have balked at the public disclosure of key information in both controversies? In response to this puzzle, the chapter argues that Reimarus’s reticence was motivated in large part by her prudential outlook regarding public discourse—specifically, by her worry that personal polemics and heated disputes threatened to corrupt the rational, public discourse required for Enlightenment progress.
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Ziadeh, Radwan. "Islam and Modernity." In Religion and Theology. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-2457-2.ch023.

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The problem of Islam and modernity has been an important point of discussion in the Arab and Islamic world for decades, though this discussion has taken various forms, such as being called the conflict between the past and the present, or tradition and progress. This discussion has hidden within it clear contradictions when seeking compromise between the Abrahamic religions and present times throughout history. This conflict first appeared in the geographic area known as the Islamic world and looked much like the Age of Enlightenment in Europe in the eighteenth century. However, the true meaning of the conflict revolved around the capacity of Islam as a religion to be compatible with modernity and its philosophy, precepts, politics, and historical facts. This means that Islam was obliged to come into agreement with modernity, which became like the soul and language of the present.
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Ziadeh, Radwan. "Islam and Modernity." In Islamic Economy and Social Mobility. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-9731-7.ch013.

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The problem of Islam and modernity has been an important point of discussion in the Arab and Islamic world for decades, though this discussion has taken various forms, such as being called the conflict between the past and the present, or tradition and progress. This discussion has hidden within it clear contradictions when seeking compromise between the Abrahamic religions and present times throughout history. This conflict first appeared in the geographic area known as the Islamic world and looked much like the Age of Enlightenment in Europe in the eighteenth century. However, the true meaning of the conflict revolved around the capacity of Islam as a religion to be compatible with modernity and its philosophy, precepts, politics, and historical facts. This means that Islam was obliged to come into agreement with modernity, which became like the soul and language of the present.
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Williams, Gareth. "Introduction." In Infrapolitical Passages. Fordham University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5422/fordham/9780823289882.003.0002.

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Building on the thought of Alain Badiou, Hannah Arendt, Jacques Lacan, and Alberto Moreiras, the Introduction proposes globalization as the disastrous passing of a historical limit. Faith in the relations between the modern production of wealth in the form of commodity fetishism, capitalist development, human progress, the freedom of the subject, and the philosophy of history that has anchored all of them since the Enlightenment is succumbing before a generalized sense of expiration and of growing stupefaction. The Introduction presents recent debates on the notion of infrapolitics as a thinking dedicated to the question of clearing a way through the problem of globalization, in the name of existence. The Introduction explains the question of the historical limit, the terms of the debate on infrapolitics, the structure of the ensuing Passages, and the raison d’etre of the entire book.
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"11. Philosophes, Anticlericalism, Reactionaries and Progress in French Enlightenment Historiography." In A Companion to Enlightenment Historiography. BRILL, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004251847_013.

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Susato, Ryu. "Human Society ‘in Perpetual Flux’: Hume’s Pendulum Theory of Civilisation." In Hume's Sceptical Enlightenment. Edinburgh University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9780748699803.003.0007.

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Hume’s avowed endorsement of a cyclical view of civilisation has been considered one of his most significant differences from the French philosophes’ upholding of ‘Progress’ and ‘Reason’. Some have used his divergent position to paint the image of Hume as the alleged forefather of ‘Counter-Enlightenment’ thinkers. As a result, Hume’s endorsement of a cyclical view has not been considered compatible with his vindication of civilisation, causing a dilemma for commentators. Through close examinations of Hume’s texts and comparisons with those of his predecessors and contemporaries (such as William Temple, Fontenelle, and Turgot), this chapter makes it clear that Hume’s cyclical view of civilisation is not limited to the issue of fine arts, but extends to commerce and manufactures. Hume’s vindication of a cyclical view of human history is also closely related to his criticism of the notion of providence, which Josiah Tucker evokes for his defence of perpetual progress in the so-called ‘rich country-poor country debate’. Nevertheless, Hume’s support of a cyclical view of civilisation does not contradict, but rather buttresses, his robust commitment to the values of refinement, liberty, and humanity. Hume is peculiar in keeping a cool head with regards to the possibility of continued progress, while believing in and supporting modern values.
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