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Artigos de revistas sobre o tema "Enlightenment Philosophy Progress"

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Publicado: 4 de junho de 2021

Última modificação: 5 de fevereiro de 2022

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1

Sztajer, Sławomir. "Enlightenment philosophy and scepticism." Humaniora. Czasopismo Internetowe 29, no. 1 (2020): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/h.2020.1.6.

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The article discusses the role of scepticism in the Enlightenment. For many historians of philosophy, Enlightenment was a hiatus in the history of scepticism. Ideas often attributed to the Enlightenment, such as the cult of reason, optimism and the belief in progress, seem to be contrary to scepticism. I argue that this simplistic view of the Enlightenment is far from reality. The Enlightenment not only brought forth such great followers of scepticism as Hume, but also influenced other thinkers in many different ways. The influence of scepticism is not always clearly visible in the philosophic

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BROWN, STEWART J. "MORAL CULTURE AND HISTORICAL PROGRESS IN THE SCOTTISH ENLIGHTENMENT." Modern Intellectual History 16, no. 3 (2018): 993–1005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479244317000646.

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We continue to be intrigued by the Scottish Enlightenment. How was it that a relatively remote country on the geographical periphery of Europe—with a harsh climate, a largely mountainous terrain, a strict Calvinist creed, a small population and a history of civil strife—emerged in the 1740s as a “hotbed of genius” and a center of the European Enlightenment? The subject, to be sure, has been well studied. There is an immense literature and it can seem that there is little new to be said. Indeed, it may be, as the eminent historian Colin Kidd has observed in this journal, that “the very concept

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3

Moussaly, Omer. "A Historicist Critique of Steven Pinker’s Interpretation of Progress." Dialogue and Universalism 31, no. 2 (2021): 285–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/du202131232.

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This article presents an alternative account of the Enlightenment project than the one offered by Steven Pinker in Enlightenment Now. It also offers some insights into how historic changes concretely occurred. Based on a Marxian reading of history we attempt to complete the portrait of human progress that Pinker provides. The main arguments in support of our alternative explanation of social progress are based on insights taken from important works written by such intellectuals as Giovanni Arrighi, Andre Gunder Frank, Antonio Gramsci, Chris Harman, Eric Hobsbawm, C. L. R. James, Karl Korsch, D

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Tashlinskaya, Elena. "Education Project: Utopia or New Reality?" Dialogue and Universalism 31, no. 2 (2021): 247–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/du202131230.

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The article reveals the main specific features of Russian philosophy of the Enlightenment. The activity of the outstanding scientist Mikhail V. Lomonosov, his contribution to the development of domestic and world science and philosophy come to the forth. Russian Enlightenment is distinguished by the originality of the intellectual tradition. Knowledge of Western ideas leads to the emergence of domestic science, philosophy, literature. The desire for freedom, autonomy and progress in science during the century of Enlightenment was combined with adherence to spiritual traditions, and openness to

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Walentowicz, Halina. "Jean-Jacques Rousseau in the Context of the Enlightenment and the Contemporary Era." Dialogue and Universalism 31, no. 2 (2021): 185–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/du202131227.

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Jean-Jacques Rousseau is a special personage in the history of Enlightenment philosophy and European thought in general. This is so, because, on the one hand, he propounded ideas that were typical for the Enlightenment and greatly influenced his contemporaries—after all, it was he who inspired Kant with the idea of the autonomy of the will as a source of moral and juridical law, a conception which became the foundation of Kantian practical philosophy—but on the other criticised many popular ideas of his day, which from our contemporary perspective appear to have been the superstitions of the E

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Malhotra, Ashok Kumar. "Appraisal of Steven Pinker’s Position on Enlightenment." Dialogue and Universalism 31, no. 2 (2021): 263–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/du202131231.

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Steven Pinker presents four ideals of Enlightenment in his popular book Enlightenment Now: The Case for Reason, Science, Humanism, and Progress. He argues his case brilliantly and convincingly through cogent arguments in a language comprehensible to the reader of the present century. Moreover, whether it is reason or science or humanism or progress, he defends his position powerfully. He justifies his views by citing 75 graphs on the upswing improvement made by humanity in terms of prosperity, longevity, education, equality of men and women, health, political freedom and medical breakthroughs.

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Bradford Bow, Charles. "Molyneux's Problem in the Scottish Enlightenment." Historical Reflections/Réflexions Historiques 45, no. 3 (2019): 22–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/hrrh.2019.450302.

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This article examines the “progress” of Scottish metaphysics during the long eighteenth century. The scientific cultivation of natural knowledge drawn from the examples of Sir Francis Bacon (1561–1626), John Locke (1632–1704), and Sir Isaac Newton (1642–1727) was a defining pursuit in the Scottish Enlightenment. The Aberdonian philosopher George Dalgarno (1616–1687); Thomas Reid (1710–1796), a member of the Aberdeen Philosophical Society known as the Wise Club; and the professor of moral philosophy at Edinburgh University Dugald Stewart (1753–1828), contributed to that Scottish pattern of phil

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Shrock, Christopher A. "Thomas Reid on the Improvement of Knowledge." Journal of Scottish Philosophy 17, no. 2 (2019): 125–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/jsp.2019.0232.

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Thomas Reid often seems distant from other Scottish Enlightenment figures. While Hume, Hutcheson, Kames, and Smith wrestled with the nature of social progress, Reid was busy with natural philosophy and epistemology, stubbornly loyal to traditional religion and ethics, and out of touch with the heart of his own intellectual world. Or was he? I contend that Reid not only engaged the Scottish Enlightenment's concern for improvement, but, as a leading interpreter of Isaac Newton and Francis Bacon, he also developed a scheme to explain the progress of human knowledge. Pulling thoughts from across R

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Shirokova, M. A. "On the Problems of Periodization and Features of the Russian Enlightenment." Izvestiya of Altai State University, no. 5(115) (November 30, 2020): 64–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/izvasu(2020)5-09.

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In connection with the concept of the "new Enlightenment" formulated in the recent anniversary report of the Club of Rome, the author of the article analyzes the phenomenon of the Enlightenment in Russia. The points of view of domestic and foreign researchers on the positive and negative aspects of the Enlightenment, the reasons for the crisis of the "classical" Enlightenment and the need for its renewal are considered. One of the most important problems of the European Enlightenment of the 18th century - the crisis of public morality. The enlighteners borrowed the norms and values of traditio

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Latimer, Bonnie. "A Feminine Enlightenment: British Women Writers and the Philosophy of Progress, 1759–1820." Women's Writing 24, no. 4 (2017): 537–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09699082.2017.1355035.

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Johnston, Adrian. "The Triumph of Theological Economics." Philosophy Today 64, no. 1 (2020): 3–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/philtoday202042319.

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Both Marx and Freud are children of the Enlightenment in certain manners. As such, they each display a qualified but firm optimism about history inevitably making progress in specific desirable directions. Freud predicts that continuing scientific and technological advances eventually will drive religiosity from human societies once and for all. Marx likewise forecasts the withering away of religions. Moreover, he treats this predicted process as symptomatic of even more fundamental socioeconomic developments, namely, his (in)famous anticipations of subsequent transitions to socialism and comm

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King, John B. "Enlightenment Now: The Case for Reason, Science, Humanism, and Progress." Theology and Science 18, no. 1 (2020): 162–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14746700.2019.1710356.

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Hofmann, Murad Wilfried. "Has Islam Missed Its Enlightenment?" American Journal of Islam and Society 19, no. 3 (2002): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v19i3.1918.

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Reinforced by 9/ I I, Muslims find themselves increasingly accused of having failed their Enlightenment. The implication is that Islam, being a pre-Enlightenment religion, is archaically a-rational. The eighteenth-century Enlightenment was a partially unrepeatable European phenomenon (an overdue emancipation from stifling church domination). Part of its import was of a general nature. Its overall rule of rationality promoted a supreme confidence in human reasoning (humanity as the measure of all things), rejection of revelatory religion and metaphysics, separation of Church and State (secula

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Armenteros, Carolina. "‘True Love’ and Rousseau’s Philosophy of History." Journal of the Philosophy of History 6, no. 2 (2012): 258–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187226312x647425.

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Abstract Rousseau, a philosopher of history? The suggestion may startle those who know him as an enemy of history, the founder of Counter-Enlightenment who rejected his century’s hope in progress and conjured quasi-utopias devoid of time. Alone, the political texts seem to justify this interpretation. Side by side with the Emile and Julie sagas, however, they disclose a new Rousseau, the weaver of a master plot that governs private and public history. This essay describes Jean-Jacques’ overarching narrative and the two main subnarratives that compose it by juxtaposing his political and fiction

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Green, Karen. "JoEllen DeLucia, A Feminine Enlightenment: British Women Writers and the Philosophy of Progress, 1759–1820." Journal of Scottish Philosophy 15, no. 2 (2017): 236–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/jsp.2017.0167.

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Krotov, Artem A. "Benjamin Constant’s history of philosophy." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies 36, no. 2 (2020): 227–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu17.2020.202.

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The article analyses the concept of a prominent representative of early French Romanticism, considers his division of the historical process into periods and his idea on the meaning of history. According to Constant, history is not uniform in a political sense. The lack of understanding this important truth by the rulers has always brought untold sufferings to their subjects. Constant’s philosophy of history is based on the idea of improving the human race, typical for the intellectual culture of the Age of Enlightenment, to which he gave a new sound, contraposing the spirit of war with the sp

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Clery, E. J. "A Feminine Enlightenment: British Women Writers and the Philosophy of Progress, 1759-1820 by JoEllen DeLucia." Tulsa Studies in Women's Literature 35, no. 1 (2016): 273–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/tsw.2016.0027.

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Gadamer, Hans-Georg, Cynthia Nielsen, and Ian Alexander Moore. "Tasks of Philosophy in the Present Age." Philosophy Today 64, no. 2 (2020): 477–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/philtoday202055339.

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This is a translation of Hans-Georg Gadamer’s recently discovered 1952 Berlin speech. The speech includes several themes that reappear in Truth and Method, as well as in Gadamer’s later writings such as Reason in the Age of Science. For example, Gadamer criticizes positivism, modern philosophy’s orientation toward positivism, and Enlightenment narratives of progress, while presenting his view of philosophy’s tasks in an age of crisis. In addition, he discusses structural power, instrumental reason, the objectification of nature and human beings, the reduction of both to mere means, and the col

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TERRALL, MARY. "PUBLIC SCIENCE IN THE ENLIGHTENMENT." Modern Intellectual History 2, no. 2 (2005): 265–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479244305000429.

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Mi Gyung Kim, Affinity, That Elusive Dream: A Genealogy of the Chemical Revolution (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2003)Guiliano Pancaldi, Volta: Science and Culture in the Age of Enlightenment (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2003)To challenge the presumed isolation of the scientific method from social concerns and forces, to question the inevitability of progress, to explore the ideological and polemical aspects of science—all these are by now goals commonly stated in historical studies of science. In the quest for these desiderata over the past twenty years or so, historians of scienc

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Sofka, James R. "Metternich's Theory of European Order: A Political Agenda for “Perpetual Peace”." Review of Politics 60, no. 1 (1998): 115–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0034670500043953.

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This article examines the foreign policy of Prince Clemens Metternich of Austria, the chief architect of the Vienna Treaty of 1815, in the light of Enlightenment political thought. Metternich is commonly considered a reactionary and practitioner of callous balance-of-power diplomacy, and this article seeks to refute this conclusion. By examining Metternich's deeply held theoretical beliefs on the nature of the European state system, and above all his Kantian belief in progress and federalism, this essay concludes that Metternich pursued a reformist, and indeed idealistic, program in internatio

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PLASSART, ANNA. "JAMES MILL, THE SCOTTISH ENLIGHTENMENT AND THE PROBLEM OF CIVIL RELIGION." Modern Intellectual History 16, no. 3 (2017): 679–711. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479244317000397.

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This article argues for a reassessment of James Mill's anticlerical, and possibly atheistic, brand of secularism. Mill's well-known religious skepticism and criticism of the Church of England, it is suggested, have tended to obscure his otherwise dispassionate assessment of religion as a social phenomenon. The article traces Mill's lifelong belief that religious improvement was a necessary precondition to societal progress, from his first major publication in 1805 to his late advocacy of a tolerant state religion in 1835. In this, Mill differed starkly from Jeremy Bentham, who considered all r

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22

Carmel, Elad. "“Philosophy, Therefore, Is within Yourself”." Hobbes Studies 31, no. 2 (2018): 166–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18750257-03102003.

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The connection that Hobbes makes between reason, method, and science renders reason a faculty that is not only natural but also acquired and even somewhat exclusive. This idea might pose a serious problem to Hobbes’s political theory, as it relies heavily on the successful use of reason. This problem is demonstrated in Hobbes’s account of the laws of nature, for which some equality in human reason is clearly needed, but Hobbes is not explicit about the relationship between that and the more advanced form of reason that eventually leads to science. This article suggests that Hobbes’s account of

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Lenczewska, Olga. "Becoming Pluralists: Kant on the Normative Features of Pluralistic Thinking." Kant Yearbook 13, no. 1 (2021): 107–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/kantyb-2021-0005.

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Abstract Kant’s essays in the philosophy of history, such as Universal History and Conjectural Beginning, offer a speculative account of the gradual development of reason in our species and of the way the mature use of reason can be attained. Such mature use of reason, as Kant explains a few years later in the published Anthropology, is characterized by abandoning the standpoint of “practical egoism” and learning how to exercise the psychological disposition to “pluralism”. To be a pluralist, he claims, means to be capable of seeing things from other people’s standpoints, of giving deliberativ

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Freyenhagen, Fabian. "Acting Irrespective of Hope." Kantian Review 25, no. 4 (2020): 605–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1369415420000357.

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AbstractMust we ascribe hope for better times to those who (take themselves to) act morally? Kant and later theorists in the Frankfurt School tradition thought we must. In this article, I disclose that it is possible – and ethical – to refrain from ascribing hope in all such cases. I draw on two key examples of acting irrespective of hope: one from a recent political context and one from the life of Jean Améry. I also suggest that, once we see that it is possible to make sense of (what I call) ‘merely expressive acts’, we can also see that the early Frankfurt School was not guilty of a perform

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Corr, John. "The Enlightenment Surfaces in Nineteenth-Century Mexico: Scientific Thinking Attempts to Deliver Order and Progress." History of Science 52, no. 1 (2014): 98–123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/007327531405200105.

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Romagosa, Alfredo. "George Turnbull, Adam Ferguson, and the Social Value of Knowledge." Journal of Scottish Philosophy 19, no. 2 (2021): 125–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/jsp.2021.0298.

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The importance of Adam Ferguson as part of the Scottish Enlightenment has been well established, with concentration on his social and political thought. George Turnbull has not been as well studied, but the valuable recent anthology by M. A. Stewart and Paul Wood has incited new interest. This paper selects a narrow aspect of their thought, their views on the social role of knowledge, which show common as well as complementary aspects. As educators who published their enhanced class notes, their concern for providing positive motivations for their students is evident from their writings. Moral

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Buchanan, Allen, and Russell Powell. "Précis of The Evolution of Moral Progress: A Biocultural Theory." Analyse & Kritik 41, no. 2 (2019): 183–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/auk-2019-0011.

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Abstract The idea of moral progress played a central role in liberal political thought from the Enlightenment through the nineteenth century but is rarely encountered in moral and political philosophical discourse today. One reason for this is that traditional liberal theorists of moral progress, like their conservative detractors, tended to rely on under-evidenced assumptions about human psychology and society. For the first time, we are developing robust scientific knowledge about human nature, especially through empirical psychological theories of morality and culture that are informed by e

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Raubo, Alexander, and Alex Voorhoeve. "INTRODUCTION TO THE SYMPOSIUM ON THE REPORT OF THE INTERNATIONAL PANEL ON SOCIAL PROGRESS (IPSP) 2018." Economics and Philosophy 34, no. 3 (2018): 439–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266267118000445.

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The publication of the first Report of the International Panel on Social Progress is a significant intellectual event, both because of its hugely ambitious aim – of uniting the world's leading researchers from social sciences and the humanities to develop research-based, multi-disciplinary, non-partisan, action-guiding solutions to the central challenges of our time – and because it represents the completion of a mammoth effort in the service of this aim by a diverse set of 269 authors. In its attempt to synthesize and render accessible to social actors a broad range of the latest social scien

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Haakonssen, Knud. "The Theory of Progress in the Enlightenment. French and English Philosophy of History in the Second Half of the Eighteenth Century." Philosophy and History 22, no. 2 (1989): 158–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/philhist198922288.

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Nikolic, Ivan. "Representation of philosophical problems in Nis review Gradina: Periods 1900-1901 and 1966-1980." Filozofija i drustvo 24, no. 2 (2013): 23–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fid1302023n.

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In this paper, which will be conceived in two units, we try to depict the form and content of those texts which could be marked as philosophical in intention. As we will see, that intention, in the first period of publishing (1900-1901), was determined by a strong influence of German and French Enlightenment. This influence was only natural, given the need for education for the newly-liberated population of Nis. The second period (1966-1980) can be discribed as having a more partial interpretation of philosophical problems. At the end of the account, the article is focused on the investigation

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Bunyak, Garrett. "Will Curiosity® Kill the Cat?" Humanimalia 10, no. 2 (2019): 203–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.52537/humanimalia.9508.

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The control and eradication of free-living domestic cats due to perceived declines in bird populations is a major concern within the biological and ecological sciences, especially in Australasia. Consequently, human relationships with free living cats are entangled with deadly technoscientific discourses and practices. Deploying a posthumanist framework, this genealogy examines efforts to manage and destroy free-living cat populations with and through technoscience. Scientific recourse to constructs such as rationality and progress, grounded in Enlightenment philosophy, are shown to legitimize

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MCDANIEL, IAIN. "PHILOSOPHICAL HISTORY AND THE SCIENCE OF MAN IN SCOTLAND: ADAM FERGUSON'S RESPONSE TO ROUSSEAU." Modern Intellectual History 10, no. 3 (2013): 543–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479244313000218.

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Jean-Jacques Rousseau's Discourse on the Origin and the Foundations of Inequality is now recognized to have played a fundamental role in the shaping of Scottish Enlightenment political thought. Yet despite some excellent studies of Rousseau's influence on Adam Smith, his impact on Smith's contemporary, Adam Ferguson, has not been examined in detail. This article reassesses Rousseau's legacy in eighteenth-century Scotland by focusing on Ferguson's critique of Rousseau in his Essay on the History of Civil Society (1767), his History of the Progress and Termination of the Roman Republic (1783), a

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Loos, Helmut. "Beethoven — the Zeus of Modernity." Culturology Ideas, no. 18 (2'2020) (2020): 66–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.37627/2311-9489-18-2020-2.66-84.

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A large part of German musicology sees itself as a science of art in the emphatic sense and is committed to quite different principles than historical-critical approaches in the discipline. The latter seek to gain a realistic picture of the history of music, including contemporary ways of thinking, and allow for historical actors to make meaningful, free will decisions within anthropologically determined circumstances. The emphatic science of art, on the other hand, claims to be able to prove and scientifically determine the objects of great art music and their nature. It originated during the

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Zaprulkhan, Zaprulkhan. "THE SIGNIFICANCE OF PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE FOR HUMANITY IN ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE." Walisongo: Jurnal Penelitian Sosial Keagamaan 23, no. 2 (2015): 345. http://dx.doi.org/10.21580/ws.2015.23.2.284.

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<p class="IIABSBARU">In Islamic perspective, researching universe is not only investigate the universe materially but also what is behind the universe itself. So, the universe was not viewed autonomously. This paper tried to elaborate significance of philosophy of science for humanity in Islamic perspective by using three fundamental structures of knowledge, namely ontology, epistemology, and axiology. Both Islam and science have to put humanity as center for research. The paradigm of Islamic science opens up an integral-holistic thought, and can not be separated from axiological meaning

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Zaprulkhan, Zaprulkhan. "THE SIGNIFICANCE OF PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE FOR HUMANITY IN ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE." Walisongo: Jurnal Penelitian Sosial Keagamaan 23, no. 2 (2015): 345. http://dx.doi.org/10.21580/ws.23.2.284.

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<p class="IIABSBARU">In Islamic perspective, researching universe is not only investigate the universe materially but also what is behind the universe itself. So, the universe was not viewed autonomously. This paper tried to elaborate significance of philosophy of science for humanity in Islamic perspective by using three fundamental structures of knowledge, namely ontology, epistemology, and axiology. Both Islam and science have to put humanity as center for research. The paradigm of Islamic science opens up an integral-holistic thought, and can not be separated from axiological meaning

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Diggins, John Patrick. "Power and Suspicion: The Perspectives of Reinhold Niebuhr." Ethics & International Affairs 6 (March 1992): 141–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-7093.1992.tb00547.x.

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This essay seeks to bring Reinhold Niebuhr into the postructuralist dialogue in order to suggest that his writings are far more constructive about the human predicament. The essay begins by presenting eleven positions commonly taken by poststructuralists. It then examines similarities between Niebuhr and postructuralist thinkers in their interrogation of the Enlightenment to expose the illusions of reason and progress and in their exposure of the Marxist philosophy of history as a false teleology that dramatizes truth and freedom emerging triumphant from conflict and struggle. Instead of posin

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SCHMIDT, ALEXANDER. "SCHOLARSHIP, MORALS AND GOVERNMENT: JEAN-HENRI-SAMUEL FORMEY'S AND JOHANN GOTTFRIED HERDER'S RESPONSES TO ROUSSEAU'SFIRST DISCOURSE." Modern Intellectual History 9, no. 2 (2012): 249–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479244312000030.

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This article analyses how Rousseau'sFirst Discourseand the questions it posed about human progress and the reform of society were debated in the institutional context of the Berlin Academy by Formey and Herder. Despite some important disagreements, Formey and Herder fundamentally shared Rousseau's assumption that erudition could be detrimental both to society and to the individual. In order to limit the socially corrosive effects of the arts and the sciences, and in an attempt to realize their full beneficent potential, they called for their reform through institutional regulation and manageme

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Peow, Poey Tiang. "Religions in progress or regress: Inner strength matters, from the Buddhist perspective." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 7, no. 1 (2013): 912–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/ijmit.v7i1.710.

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Religions in general offer remedies to aching minds and therefore humans seek relief for their problems in life. Spirituality is always a matter of concern and people who follow different religions are constantly searching for it. Man becomes helpless in extreme difficulties and it is quite natural that religions play significant roles in human lives. It is mainly because the complexities in life are being increased day by day and to encounter this people take refuge in spirituality. All religions offer some sort of solutions and so they are relevant among the followers. Therefore, they play d

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Synytsia, Andrii. "Bernard Bolzano’s philosophical conception of education from a modern standpoint." Journal of Education Culture and Society 12, no. 1 (2021): 32–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.15503/jecs2021.1.32.44.

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Aim. The aim of the article is to analyse Bernard Bolzano’s philosophico-educational approach, given the importance of his pedagogical legacy for further progress in the field of education and training. Methods. The research uses methods of historico-philosophical reconstruction (to determine the foundations and features of Bolzano’s pedagogico-philosophical work), interpretation (to characterise the still relevant ideas of the thinker in the field of education) and critical analysis (to assess the significance of Bolzano’s legacy from the standpoint of modern educational theory and to point o

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Neculau, Radu. "Does Kant's Rejection of the Right to Resist Make Him a Legal Rigorist? Instantiation and Interpretation in the Rechtslehre." Kantian Review 13, no. 2 (2008): 107–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1369415400001254.

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It is generally acknowledged that Kant's political philosophy stands on a par with the great works of the Western liberal tradition. It is also a matter of agreement that the rational principles on which it rests represent an adequate philosophical expression of the progressive agenda that was inaugurated by the Enlightenment and fulfilled, with varying degrees of success, by the French Revolution. Yet Kant's philosophical position is ambiguous when it comes to evaluating that momentous event in modern history. We know, from anecdotal evidence, some surviving letters, several cryptic reference

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Franklin, Caroline. "A Feminine Enlightenment: British Women Writers and the Philosophy of Progress 1759–1820 / Bluestockings Now! The Evolution of a Social Role / Lady Byron and Her Daughters." European Romantic Review 28, no. 1 (2017): 97–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10509585.2016.1272865.

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MANIAS, CHRIS. "THE GROWTH OF RACE AND CULTURE IN NINETEENTH-CENTURY GERMANY: GUSTAV KLEMM AND THE UNIVERSAL HISTORY OF HUMANITY." Modern Intellectual History 9, no. 1 (2012): 1–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479244311000448.

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The German ethnologist Gustav Klemm (1802–67) occupies a rather problematic position in the history of ideas, alternately hailed as a seminal figure in the development of concepts of race and culture, or belittled as a rather derivative marginal thinker. This article seeks to clarify Klemm's significance by rooting his theories in their contemporary intellectual and social context. It argues that his system, a linear model of human development driven by the interworkings of race and culture, grew from an attempt to synthesize Enlightenment notions of universal progress with major shifts of the

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Omodeo, Pietro Daniel. "Bacon’s Anthropocene." Epistemology & Philosophy of Science 58, no. 3 (2021): 149–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/eps202158350.

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The current predicament, marked by an unprecedented environmental crisis and novel debates on the anthropic-technological transformation of the earth-system, calls for a reassessment of the historical-epistemological question of the entanglement between power, knowledge, and nature. Francis Bacon is the classical reference point for this thematic cluster – a focal point for both historical reconstructions and epistemological reflections, for both those who extol the merits of scientific progress and those who criticize the risks posed by its abuse. I begin this essay by considering Merchant’s

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Hünniger, Dominik. "What is a useful university? knowledge economies and higher education in late eighteenth-century Denmark and central Europe." Notes and Records: the Royal Society Journal of the History of Science 72, no. 2 (2018): 173–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsnr.2018.0006.

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Universities were an important site of Enlightenment improvement discourse and knowledge economies in the German-speaking lands and Scandinavia. Late eighteenth-century state building and scholars’ expectations of their own ‘usefulness’ regarding these processes were closely intertwined. The life and publications of the German-speaking Danish naturalist Johann Christian Fabricius (1745–1808) are used here to understand contemporary debates on the state of education, political economy and the development of the sciences in relation to ideas about economic and social progress. Fabricius was prof

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KONTLER, LÁSZLÓ. "BEAUTY OR BEAST, OR MONSTROUS REGIMENTS? ROBERTSON AND BURKE ON WOMEN AND THE PUBLIC SCENE." Modern Intellectual History 1, no. 3 (2004): 305–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479244304000198.

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The Enlightenment can usefully be conceived as a confrontation with eroding Christian and classical republican ethics. It was permeated with assumptions about women and the gendered dichotomy between public and private spheres. While William Robertson and Edmund Burke, along with many of their contemporaries, remained committed to Christian- and republican-based conceptions of virtue, they were working within a new Enlightenment paradigm. Its political agenda has to be understood by way of its configurations of beauty, taste, and morality as these relate to the imperatives and needs of modern

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BUCHAN, BRUCE. "SCOTTISH MEDICAL ETHNOGRAPHY: COLONIAL TRAVEL, STADIAL THEORY AND THE NATURAL HISTORY OF RACE, c.1770–1805." Modern Intellectual History 17, no. 4 (2019): 919–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479244319000076.

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AbstractThis paper will present a comparative analysis of the ethnographic writings of three colonial travellers trained in medicine at the University of Edinburgh: William Anderson (1750–78), Archibald Menzies (1754–1842) and Robert Brown (1773–1858). Each travelled widely beyond Scotland, enabling them to make a series of observations of non-European peoples in a wide variety of colonial contexts. William Anderson, Archibald Menzies and Robert Brown in particular travelled extensively in the Pacific with (respectively) James Cook on his second and third voyages (1771–8), with George Vancouve

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Brown, Nik. "Hope Against Hype - Accountability in Biopasts, Presents and Futures." Science & Technology Studies 16, no. 2 (2003): 3–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.23987/sts.55152.

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We are today wholly accustomed to being daily bombarded with (often competing) claims about the seemingly limitless potential and promise of transgenics, predictive medicine, reproductive science, bioinformatics and much else besides. Stories of new breakthroughs and advances mesh with ‘our’ culturally embedded sense of the steady march of enlightenment progress. Each announcement seems to index a sequential pulse in the accomplishment of the ‘biotechnology revolution’. In more grounded terms, the talking-up of biotechnology prizes open the accounts of funding agencies and investors, in additi

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Rima, Ingrid H. "Class Conflict and Adam Smith's “Stages of Social History”." Journal of the History of Economic Thought 20, no. 1 (1998): 103–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1053837200001619.

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The Wealth of Nations (WN) is not a book from which we expect much enlightenment about class conflict. In spite of well-known passages referring to the diverging interests of workers, landlords and capitalists, the impression most have of WN is one of relative harmony among the classes. Nevertheless, Book III, “Of the different Progress of Opulence in different Nations,” which is the briefest and also the least studied of the five books comprising WN, provides considerable insight into the historical origin of conflict among social classes that derive from economic causes, and the circumstance

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Tkachenko, Roman. "Motive of Hope in Works by Mykola Bazhan." Слово і Час, no. 7 (July 21, 2019): 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.33608/0236-1477.2019.07.26-32.

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The paper oﬀ ers an attempt to read the works of M. Bazhan focusing on the evolving motive of hope. It is stated that this motive has its cultural and historical scope and practical content. Presently the experience of hope becomes energy of progress and cultural creation. Hope is energized by active work and nourishes work, art, science, creativity. The methods of overcoming despair in Bazhan’s poetry have been updated over the course of decades in connection with the changes in perception of the social role of poetry. Although initially the comprehension of integrity was seen in the stream o

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Akhwanudin, Afith. "Sains Modern dan Urgensi Sentralitas Nilai Transenden dalam Pengembangan Ilmu Pengetahuan." Farabi 16, no. 2 (2019): 105–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.30603/jf.v16i2.1083.

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Originally the Western sciences and civilization rooted in Oriental traditions. Nevertheless, Western renaissance, the Scientific Revolution has indicated a contrary paradigm in the sciences of nature. A new and alien paradigm which is totally different in its perspective and Weltanschauung from the sciences of the great Oriental traditions. The West arose with the materialistic paradigm resulted in the secularization of the cosmos. It was regarded as the beginning of the Enlightenment dissolved Dark Age scientific stagnation. Modern people have been hollowed, isolated from others by ind

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