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Artigos de revistas sobre o tema "European coordinated market economies"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 4 de junho de 2021

Última modificação: 1 de fevereiro de 2022

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1

Hörisch, Felix, Jale Tosun, Julian Erhardt e William Maloney. "Varieties of Capitalism and labour market opportunities for the youth". European Journal of Government and Economics 9, n.º 3 (18 de dezembro de 2020): 232–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.17979/ejge.2020.9.3.5966.

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In this study, we examine the extent to which socio-economic institutions shape young people’s perceptions of labour market opportunity structures and their employment attitudes (i.e. skills and retraining). Building on the varieties of capitalism approach, we expect young people (aged 18–35) in coordinated market economies (CMEs) with encompassing welfare states to regard firm- and industry-specific skills as more important than their peers in liberal market economies (LMEs). To assess this proposition, we draw on original survey data and compare young people’s employment attitudes in five European countries: the United Kingdom (UK), which represents a typical liberal market economy, and Austria, Denmark, Germany and Switzerland as representatives of coordinated market economies. To what extent do different training regimes in CMEs and LMEs shape individual attitudes towards skill formation? The empirical analysis shows that young people’s attitudes with regard to the specificity of skills and the willingness to undertake retraining differ systematically between CME and LME countries and supports our argument that the specific socio-economic institutions matter.

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Kiesewetter, Dirk, e Johannes Manthey. "Tax avoidance, value creation and CSR – a European perspective". Corporate Governance: The International Journal of Business in Society 17, n.º 5 (2 de outubro de 2017): 803–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cg-08-2016-0166.

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Purpose This paper aims to answer how corporate governance and corporate social responsibility (“CSR”) affect the relationship between value creation and tax avoidance. This study further analyses the impact of the institutional environment, i.e. whether a country is rather a liberal or a coordinated market economy, on the relationship between CSR and tax avoidance. Design/methodology/approach The empirical analysis comprises a panel data set of 7,924 observations for the years from 2005 to 2014 for European companies. The relationship between value creation and tax avoidance is tested by grouping the sample in high and low CSR performers. Similarly, the impact of the type of market economy is analysed for the firms. Findings The research design does not find evidence that tax avoidance is creating value. The empirical findings reveal that there is a positive relationship between value creation and the effective tax rate for firms with low social and environmental characteristics. Further, this analysis could show that stronger corporate governance is associated with a lower effective tax rate in both coordinated and liberal market economies. The analysis identifies social strengths being associated with a higher effective tax rate for coordinated market economies. Practical implications It is proposed to encourage CSR disclosure. The creation of incentives for social strengths could increase tax revenue. Firms should reconsider whether the engagement in tax avoidance is worth it and pursue social responsibility to achieve higher value creation for their stakeholders. Originality/value The paper challenges the intuitive expectation that tax avoidance creates value. It is suggested that the governance and CSR culture, as well as the tax legislation in Europe, is different to the USA. Conclusively, tax avoidance is not generating value for the European sample.

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Ganßmann, Heiner. "Rheinische vs. atlantische Wohlfahrtsstaaten: stabile Gegensätze oder verschwindende Unterschiede?" PROKLA. Zeitschrift für kritische Sozialwissenschaft 34, n.º 136 (1 de setembro de 2004): 375–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.32387/prokla.v34i136.621.

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One of the main questions in recent debates on the future of welfare states has been whether globalization or structural economic change will lead to convergence. To answer that question, the liberal welfare state of the United States and the conservative continental European welfare states are related to differences in the respective capitalist economies, using Soskice´s distinction of liberal and coordinated market economies. Welfare states are described in terms of their performance in three fields: protection against labor market risks, protection against poverty and reduction of income inequalities. Performance differences remain impressive and can be summarily ascribed to the continuing dominant reliance of US capitalism on the threat of immiseration to induce work performance. While continental European production regimes typically use more positive work incentives, some pressures in European economies, especially the relentless push for income redistribution in favor of the rich and the weakness of unions, increase the probability of convergence.

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Martin, Cathie Jo, e Kathleen Thelen. "The State and Coordinated Capitalism: Contributions of the Public Sector to Social Solidarity in Postindustrial Societies". World Politics 60, n.º 1 (outubro de 2007): 1–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/wp.0.0000.

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This article investigates the politics of change in coordinated market econo\mies, and explores why some countries (well known for their highly cooperative arrangements) manage to sustain coordination when adjusting to economic transformation, while others fail. The authors argue that the broad category of “coordinated market economies” subsumes different types of cooperative engagement: macrocorporatut forms of coordination are characterized by national-level institutions for fostering cooperation and feature a strong role for the state, while forms of coordination associated with enterprise cooperation more typically occur at the level of sector or regional institutions and are often privately controlled. Although these diverse forms of coordination once appeared quite similar and functioned as structural equivalents, they now have radically different capacities for self-adjustment.The role of the state is at the heart of the divergence among European coordinated countries. A large public sector affects the political dynamics behind collective outcomes, through its impact both on the state's construction of its own policy interests and on private actors' goals. Although a large public sector has typically been written off as an inevitable drag on the economy, it can provide state actors with a crucial political tool for shoring up coordination in a postindustrial economy. The authors use the cases of Denmark and Germany to illustrate how uncontroversially coordinated market economies have evolved along two sharply divergent paths in the past two decades and to reflect on broader questions of stability and change in coordinated market economies. The two countries diverge most acutely with respect to the balance of power between state and society; indeed, the Danish state—far from being a constraint on adjustment (a central truism in neoliberal thought)—plays the role of facilitator in economic adjustment, policy change, and continued coordination.

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Snell, Jukka. "Varieties of Capitalism and the Limits of European Economic Integration". Cambridge Yearbook of European Legal Studies 13 (2011): 415–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5235/152888712801752933.

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AbstractThis chapter considers European economic integration from the perspective of varieties of capitalism. It notes the main threats that integration potentially entails both for liberal and coordinated market economies, and assesses the likelihood of damage to the different models, in particular following the Lisbon Treaty. It is argued descriptively that both types of capitalism can continue to coexist in the European Union, and normatively that it is vital that the integration project is managed in a way that does not fundamentally endanger them.

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Snell, Jukka. "16 Varieties of Capitalism and the Limits of European Economic Integration". Cambridge Yearbook of European Legal Studies 13 (2011): 415–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1528887000000938.

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AbstractThis chapter considers European economic integration from the perspective of varieties of capitalism. It notes the main threats that integration potentially entails both for liberal and coordinated market economies, and assesses the likelihood of damage to the different models, in particular following the Lisbon Treaty. It is argued descriptively that both types of capitalism can continue to coexist in the European Union, and normatively that it is vital that the integration project is managed in a way that does not fundamentally endanger them.

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Snell, Jukka. "Varieties of Capitalism and the Limits of European Economic Integration". Cambridge Yearbook of European Legal Studies 13 (2011): 415–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1528887000002093.

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Abstract This chapter considers European economic integration from the perspective of varieties of capitalism. It notes the main threats that integration potentially entails both for liberal and coordinated market economies, and assesses the likelihood of damage to the different models, in particular following the Lisbon Treaty. It is argued descriptively that both types of capitalism can continue to coexist in the European Union, and normatively that it is vital that the integration project is managed in a way that does not fundamentally endanger them.

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Bellocchi, Alessandro, Edgar J. Sanchez Carrera e Giuseppe Travaglini. "What drives TFP long-run dynamics in five large European economies?" Economia Politica 38, n.º 2 (22 de janeiro de 2021): 569–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40888-021-00215-x.

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AbstractThe aim of this paper is to study the long-run cointegrating relationship of TFP in a panel of five large European economies, namely France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and UK. We test whether TFP is determined by the so-called “capital misallocation effects, scale effects, and labor market effects”. By considering aggregate data, over the period 1983–2017, we employ dynamic panel cointegration techniques to identify the long-run component of TFP. We get two main results. First, the interest rate, the real compensation and the real exchange rate have a positive impact on TFP. Then, the incidence of temporary employment (a proxy of labor market flexibility) has a negative effect on TFP. Moreover, for robustness, we run a panel VECM to check for causalities among the variables. Notably, this further excercise confirms the existence of a strong and positive long-run relationship between TFP and prices. We conclude that coordinated policies on the issue of interest rate, exchange rate, labour cost and regulation, may allow to reassemble the productivity slowdown puzzle and strengthen the European economic structure.

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Ryan, Lorraine, Juliet MacMahon, Michelle O’Sullivan, Thomas Turner, Jonathan Lavelle, Caroline Murphy, Mike O’Brien e Patrick Gunnigle. "The Same but Different: Regulating Zero Hours Work in Two Liberal Market Economies". Irish Journal of Management 38, n.º 1 (30 de dezembro de 2019): 3–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ijm-2019-0002.

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AbstractThe rise in zero hours contracts in liberal market economies (LMEs) has recently received much attention with calls for regulation to protect workers. LMEs typically adopt flexible labour market policies that are less regulated than coordinated market economies (CMEs) as a competitive advantage. In this paper we examine nuanced differences in the nature and regulation of zero hours work in the United Kingdom (UK) and Ireland. With an increased diffusion of zero hours work in both countries, we examine the different responses taken by these similar LMEs to this contemporary employment issue. We examine whether, as expected in an LME context, there is weak regulation in both countries and the factors influencing this. We find subtle but important differences between regulations of zero hours contracts. We conclude by discussing the possible implications of the UK’s exit from the European Union (EU) (Brexit) for the regulation of precarious work.

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Noé, Claus. "The euro - wages - employment". Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research 4, n.º 1 (fevereiro de 1998): 36–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/102425899800400106.

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The arrival of the euro will do away with all possibilities of using exchange rate adjustments to accommodate excessively high or excessively low pay settlements. In a situation of mass unemployment and extremely slow price developments, there is a risk of excessively low wage settlements being reached in order to win markets to the detriment of Euro-partners. There is a threat of mercantilist races to devaluation and a deflatory spiral would destroy any successes achieved on the growth and employment front. Under a single monetary and coordinated fiscal policy (EU stability pact), there is also a need to seek to coordinate incomes policies. The participants must undertake to abide by a macro-economic criterion of wage determination. The productivity trends of the national economies, taken together with the European Central Bank's unavoidable inflation forecast, are useful macro-economic indicators. Such concertation, hitherto neglected in the Treaties, is a task for the labour market partners and the Community bodies.

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Rothstein, Henry, David Demeritt, Regine Paul, Anne-Laure Beaussier, Mara Wesseling, Michael Howard, Maarten de Haan, Olivier Borraz, Michael Huber e Frederic Bouder. "Varieties of risk regulation in Europe: coordination, complementarity and occupational safety in capitalist welfare states". Socio-Economic Review 17, n.º 4 (8 de setembro de 2017): 993–1020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ser/mwx029.

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Abstract This article tests the extent to which the organization and stringency of occupational health and safety regulation complements the dominant mode of coordination in the political economy. While the UK explicitly sanctions risk-cost-benefit trade-offs, other European countries mandate ambitious safety goals. That contrast appears to reflect cleavages identified in the Varieties of Capitalism literature, which suggests worker protection regimes are stronger in coordinated market economies than in liberal market economies. Our analysis of Germany, France, UK and the Netherlands, shows that the varied organization of their regulatory regimes is explained through a three-way complementarity with their welfare systems and modes of coordination. However, despite varied headline goals, we find no systematic differences in the stringency of those countries’ regulatory protections insofar as they all make trade-offs on safety. Instead, the explicitness, rationalizations and logics of trade-offs vary according to each country’s legal system, state tradition and coupling between regulation and welfare system.

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Weber, Florian, e Ulf Larsson-Olaison. "Corporate social responsibility accounting for arising issues". Journal of Communication Management 21, n.º 4 (6 de novembro de 2017): 370–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcom-02-2017-0028.

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Purpose Arising societal issues challenge corporate social responsibility. The purpose of this paper is to analyze how corporations account for arising issues under different institutional settings: the stakeholder oriented corporate governance model of Germany is hypothesized to produce a different response than the more state dominated Swedish welfare model. Design/methodology/approach This paper takes the reported CSR response of the largest corporations in Germany and Sweden, in relation to the 2015 European refugee crisis, as its case. In total, 157 annual reports are investigated by means of text analysis for statements in relation to the European refugee crisis. Findings Empirically, German corporations are more prone to communicate on this emerging issue, and deploying corporate resources to an emerging societal crisis. Based on that finding, this study concludes that the German model is more in line with international CSR-discourse than the Swedish. Research limitations/implications This study has implications for institutional theory perspectives on CSR accounting-related issues. By comparing two economies that would be characterized as “coordinated market economies” a somewhat different set of topics becomes apparent. Further considering country context could be useful when expanding the debate on CSR accounting. Originality/value This study is the first to empirically investigate corporate diplomacy with regard to the European refugee crisis. Besides others, corporations are important societal players. Therefore, corporations bear both, the obligation to deal with arising issues and the potential to participate in public opinion-forming with regard to those issues.

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Berber, Nemanja, Agnes Slavic, Maja Strugar Jelača e Radmila Bjekić. "The effects of market economy type on the training practice differences in the Central Eastern European region". Employee Relations: The International Journal 42, n.º 4 (1 de maio de 2020): 971–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/er-10-2018-0265.

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PurposeThe aim of this research is to investigate and detect determinants of the training practice and conspicuous differences in the sample of nine Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries (Croatia, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Hungary, Slovenia, Slovakia, Serbia and Romania). The study was conducted with three distinct objectives: the investigation of the training and development (T&D) practices in the CEE region, the investigation of the determinants of T&D practices in the CEE region and the measurement of the differences between the economies in the sample of CEE countries regarding their T&D practices.Design/methodology/approachThe research is based on the Cranet research network results from 2015 to 2016. The data for the CEE countries were selected in order to investigate the determinants of T&D practice, and the differences between these economies. The nine CEE countries were divided into two groups, on the basis on the variety of capitalism (VoC approach), in order to investigate its effects on the T&D practices. T-test, chi-square test, Spearman correlation tests and hierarchical moderated regression model were used to test the proposed hypotheses.FindingsThere are statistically significant differences between the organizations from coordinated market economy (CME) countries and liberal market economy (LME) countries in the case of the percentage of GDP of the country spent on education, the percentage of annual payroll costs of the organizations spent on training, the percentage of annual staff turnover, the implementation of the systematic evaluation of training needs, the training effectiveness, the existence of T&D strategy and the primary responsibility for major policy decisions on T&D. The results of the regression model showed that the majority of national and organizational level factors have a statistically significant relationship with the percentage of the annual payroll costs of the organization spent on training. Variety of capitalism moderates the relationship between independent variables and the dependent variable, too.Research limitations/implicationsIn the presented model, the authors excluded from their investigation the effects of MNCs. It must further be stated that only the data from the latest Cranet research round were used, thus it was not possible to investigate the development of the training practice in CEE over a longer time period. These limitations could be used as possible directions for further research in the relevant area of HRM in the CEE region.Originality/valueSince there is relatively little empirical research in the relation between capitalism type and T&D practice, especially in the region of CEE, the present paper lends new insight into this issue as well as into comparative HRM. It is hoped that this work can be taken as a starting point for further research.

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Cristea, Mirela, Gratiela Georgiana Noja, Petru Stefea e Adrian Lucian Sala. "The Impact of Population Aging and Public Health Support on EU Labor Markets". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, n.º 4 (24 de fevereiro de 2020): 1439. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17041439.

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Population aging and public health expenditure mainly dedicated to older dependent persons present major challenges for the European Union (EU) Member States, with profound implications for their economies and labor markets. Sustainable economic development relies on a well-balanced workforce of young and older people. As this balance shifts in favor of older people, productivity tends to suffer, on the one hand, and the older group demands more from health services, on the other hand. These requisites tend to manifest differently within developed and developing EU countries. This research aimed to assess population aging impacts on labor market coordinates (employment rate, labor productivity), in the framework of several health dimensions (namely, health government expenditure, hospital services, healthy life years, perceived health) and other economic and social factors. The analytical approach consisted of applying structural equation models, Gaussian graphical models, and macroeconometric models (robust regression and panel corrected standard errors) to EU panel data for the years 1995–2017. The results show significant dissimilarities between developed and developing EU countries, suggesting the need for specific policies and strategies for the labor market integration of older people, jointly with public health expenditure, with implications for EU labor market performance.

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Eliasson, Gunnar. "From Employment to Entrepreneurship: Shifting Perspectives in Europe and the US on Knowledge Creation and Labour Market Competition". Journal of Industrial Relations 48, n.º 5 (novembro de 2006): 633–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022185606070109.

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Technology is making smaller scale, distributed production more economical, raising global competition and forcing change on traditional firms in mature markets. Change was gradual for decades but accelerated during the last ten or fifteen years as new computing and communications (C&C) technologies helped coordinate production flows, making firms break up and distribute their value chains over markets of subcontractors and changing the work environment of individuals. I investigate the consequences for individuals of the faster creative destruction process that is taking place through the turnover of firms rather than internally within firms. I conclude that labour market risks are changing such that entrepreneurial ability, intellectual flexibility and a capacity to learn efficiently from experience will become competitive advantages for individuals. I also conclude that efficient education may offer a way of countering the ongoing polarization of labour markets and I derive a platform theory of cumulative learning from experience that emphasizes the acquisition of basic skills during early school years. A varied and advanced job environment to learn from is probably the most important factor, sustaining the competitive advantage of the advanced industrial economies. A stylized comparison of the educational and labour market systems suggests that the European systems are at a disadvantage compared to that of the US.

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Georgiana, Noja Gratiela, e Moroc Andrei. "Labour Mobility Within the Eu: Major Effects and Implications for the Main Sending and Receiving Economies". European Journal of Economics and Business Studies 5, n.º 1 (30 de agosto de 2016): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejes.v5i1.p87-100.

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The paper aims to analyse the effects induced by labour mobility within the European Union, focusing both on emigration and immigration effects for major sending and host economies in terms of the overall economic activity, empowering the business enterprise sector and labour market, as well as on economic (labour force) and non-economic (humanitarian, asylum seekers) migration. Labour mobility within the European Union is an important coordinate of the economic integration process and one of the freedoms granted to the member states, with significant consequences upon their economies. Nevertheless, the international labour migration mainly resides from wage differentials, working conditions or opportunities between sending and host economies, thus proving to be an important symbol of global economic inequality. Taking into consideration all these aspects, our analysis is based on developing various double-log fixed (LSDV) and random (ECM) effects models, using a panel structure that covers five main EU destination countries and ten New EU Member States, respectively a complex set of indicators compiled during 2000-2014 and 2006-2015. The models are processed through OLS and GLS methods of estimation, as well as by using the correlated panels corrected standard errors (PCSE) method, being completed by in-sample and out-of-sample predictions. The results show that immigration flows have important economic consequences leading to significant changes in labour market performances both for natives and foreign population (decreases in employment rates and lowering wage levels). Still, one of the most important positive effects of immigration reflected by the results obtained is represented by an increase in the number of innovative enterprises in the host country, thus confirming the theories linking migration to innovation. In terms of labour emigration, there is evidence to attest that it generates positive effects on the main sending economies from Central and Eastern Europe on the GDP per capita, earnings and exports, especially through remittances, but the overall negative impact is predominant.

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Dølvik, Jon Erik, e Paul Marginson. "Cross-sectoral coordination and regulation of wage determination in northern Europe: Divergent responses to multiple external pressures". European Journal of Industrial Relations 24, n.º 4 (21 de agosto de 2018): 409–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959680118790820.

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We examine changes in collective wage regulation in five northern European countries since 2000, with a focus on coordination across sectors, articulation between levels and determination of wage floors. Earlier change in the functioning of wage bargaining arrangements in Germany placed pressure on other northern countries. In Finland, employers recently instigated a shift from tripartite incomes policy to manufacturing-led pattern bargaining, with increased scope for decentralized negotiations. This made Finnish arrangements more similar to their Nordic counterparts, which have been marked by modest adaptations. Divergence continues in wage floor regulation. Increased statutory generalization of collectively agreed minimum wages has moved Germany and Norway closer to Finland, while Denmark and Sweden still rely solely on collective bargaining. The multi-faceted employer and state approaches to wage regulation are not consistent with recent claims of a neoliberal transformation across the northern coordinated economies.

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Lashchyk, I., I. Kondrat, P. Viblyi e V. Bilets. "Ukrainian insurance market: current state and development prospects". Galic'kij ekonomičnij visnik 66, n.º 5 (2020): 105–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.33108/galicianvisnyk_tntu2020.05.105.

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The paper is devoted to the investigation of the current state and trends of the insurance market in Ukraine. A number of indicators characterizing the state of insurance market development, such as: the number of insurance companies engaged in risky types of insurance and life insurance; volume and dynamics of gross insurance bonuses and insurance payments; dynamics of the number of concluded agreements on voluntary and compulsory types of insurance, as well as reinsurance agreements; volume and dynamics of assets and insurance reserves of domestic insurance companies are analyzed in this scientific paper. Comparative analysis of the above mentioned indicators with similar indicators of foreign countries is carried out. It is defined that the insurance market of Ukraine lags far behind the countries of Europe, the USA, China, Japan and other developed countries. The reason for such low development is the difficult economic situation in the country caused by such factors as the change of power in 2015, the occupation of part of the territory by the Russian Federation, which shattered the previously unstable economy. Although the economic situation in the country has stabilized in recent years, this is not enough for the insurance market to reach the level of developed economies. The investigation results are presented in the form of tables and graphical interpretations. The factors of positive and negative influence on the development of domestic insurance market are determined and characterized. The main factor influencing the insurance market and ensuring its stability is the control of measures increasing the level of the population insurance culture and the reliability of insurance companies. Such measures will increase the demand for insurance services, insurers will be interested in doing their best and these factors will result in financial market stabilization. This effect will be achieved if the state and insurance companies act in coordinated manner, i.e. if the state provides the insurance market with regulatory framework with unobtrusive supervision, and insurers perform their work honestly and conscientiously. A number of recommendations for the development of domestic insurance companies and the market in general are developed. The main measures are to attract capital not only from European countries, making the insurance market more attractive, but to develop the health insurance, as medicine is quite expensive and the income is low, as well as to introduce the new insurance products due to the development of all industries.

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Fasoula, Vasiliki. "The EU Court of Justice Clarifies the Role of the Full-Function Criterion in the Interaction Between Article 3(1)(b) and 3(4) of the EU Merger Regulation". Nordic Journal of European Law 1, n.º 1 (18 de dezembro de 2018): 78–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.36969/njel.v1i1.18683.

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Case note: C-248/16 Austria Asphalt GmbH & Co OG v Bundeskartellanwalt, Judgment of the Court of Justice of the European Union of the 7th of September 2017. Joint venture is a common business strategy that provides companies with benefits in scale economies, R&D, operational efficiencies and synergies. Joint ventures can be potentially harmful for the state of free competition in a market if they coordinate with their parent companies or if their operation can restrict access to the market for other competitors. Within the Internal Market, joint ventures fall under the scrutiny of two pieces of competition legislation in a non-cumulative way: the EU antitrust provisions and the EU Merger Regulation (EUMR) under Article 3(1)(b) and 3(4). Before the Austria Asphalt preliminary ruling, the Commission, despite its ambiguous decisional practice, considered those two paragraphs to constitute two different jurisdictional criteria applying to two different types of notifiable transactions. In Austria Asphalt the CJEU examined the correlation of those two paragraphs. It interpreted Article 3(4) as a restriction of Article 3(1)(b) by considering that the full-function criterion set by Article 3(4) should apply to all concentrative joint ventures: those newly created by a transaction as well as to those resulting from a change in the control of an existing company. In practice, the CJEU’s view limits the one-stop shop principle of the EUMR in favour of national competition authorities.

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Svensson, Torsten, e Perola Öberg. "How are coordinated market economies coordinated? evidence from Sweden". West European Politics 28, n.º 5 (novembro de 2005): 1075–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01402380500311830.

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Akkermans, Dirk, Carolina Castaldi e Bart Los. "Do ‘liberal market economies’ really innovate more radically than ‘coordinated market economies’?" Research Policy 38, n.º 1 (fevereiro de 2009): 181–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2008.10.002.

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Cassely, Ludovic, Sami Ben Larbi, Christophe Revelli e Alain Lacroux. "Corporate social performance (CSP) in time of economic crisis". Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal 12, n.º 5 (28 de junho de 2021): 913–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sampj-07-2020-0262.

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Purpose This study aims to compare the different effects of the 2008 economic crisis on companies’ corporate social performance (CSP) in coordinated market economies (CMEs) and liberal market economies (LMEs). Design/methodology/approach This paper mobilizes a pluralistic theoretical framework that borrows from neo-institutional and corporate governance theories to compare the impacts of the 2008 economic crisis on long-term CSP in an international context. Based on the longitudinal database of Vigeo Eiris (2004–2015), the panel was decomposed between two models of capitalism (LME and CME). For each model, this paper conducted a series of regressions, taking into account the longitudinal nature of the data using estimates based on generalized estimating equations (Liang and Zeger, 1986). Findings The paper shows that the economic crisis prompted companies operating in LMEs and CMEs to reorient their corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices in quite different ways during the four-year period that the crisis lasted, as well as the succeeding four-year post-crisis period. While CSR was perceived in LMEs as a threat during the crisis period because of the additional costs it generated, it offered CME companies a way of redefining how they relate to the rest of society, with their goal becoming the creation of greater shared value. Research limitations/implications The results are dependent from the data, and specifically from the Vigeo Eiris database. It would be interesting to extrapol this kind of research with the use of other CSP/environmental, social and governance (ESG) databases as Morgan Stanley Capital International, Sustainalytics or RepRisk, to compare and conclude more globally on tendencies. Another limitation relates to the binary nature of Hall and Soskice’s (2001) typology, with its neo-institutionalist inspiration, that puts Continental European and social-democratic models of capitalism on the same plane. Practical implications This study teaches managers, analysts and policymakers that CSR can be a powerful strategic lever capable of remedying the harmful effects that economic crises have in both LMEs and CMEs, notwithstanding the cultural, socio-economic and political differences between these models of capitalism. Economic and social crises must help companies to rethink and revisit their business models and CSR practices to subsequently implement sustainability strategies more in sync with the values forced upon them by the economic systems to which they belonged but also by all their stakeholders. Social implications From a managerial standpoint, this study allows practitioners to consider CSR as an opportunity to rethink their strategy and business models in a period of crisis, and no more a threat that could reduce the economic performance in increasing the costs, and thus, the cost of financing. Originality/value After reading the literature on the topic, this paper clearly thinks about the high degree of contribution of the paper, as the topic is not so developed and that the study implies several contributions. First, from a theoretical level, the study differs from previous research studies insofar as it compares the impacts of the economic crisis on companies’ CSP in CMEs and LMEs using a theoretical framework that operationalizes both contractual and neo-institutional theories. Second, from a methodological standpoint, the approach using an ESG data provider known worldwide (Vigeo Eiris) has not been down yet. Third, on a managerial level, the present study teaches managers, analysts and policymakers that CSR can be a powerful strategic lever capable of remedying the harmful effects that economic crises have in both LMEs and CMEs, notwithstanding the cultural, socio-economic and political differences between these models of capitalism.

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THELEN, KATHLEEN, e IKUO KUME. "Coordination as a Political Problem in Coordinated Market Economies". Governance 19, n.º 1 (janeiro de 2006): 11–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0491.2006.00302.x.

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Yoon, Minho. "Comparing Liberal and Coordinated Market Economies Using System Dynamics". Korean System Dynamics Review 21, n.º 4 (31 de dezembro de 2020): 51–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.32588/ksds.21.4.3.

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Borges, Marisol, Edgar Juan Saucedo-Acosta e Jesús Diaz-Pedroza. "The Effect of Varieties of Capitalism on the Relationship of Institutional Gearing and Economic Growth". Engineering Economics 31, n.º 3 (29 de junho de 2020): 262–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ee.31.3.22852.

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The ways the firm solves coordination problems with the different stakeholders (or the varieties of capitalism of nations) affect economic performance. Institutional gearing is one of the main determinants of economic growth. Nevertheless, there are no studies that analyse the effect of varieties of capitalism on the relationship of institutional gearing and economic growth. The objective of the paper is to estimate the effect of the variety of capitalism on the relationship between the institutional gearing index and other macroeconomic control variables on the GDP per capita in a group of developed and developing countries. To do that 3 panel data models were estimated: one with fixed effects and two with random effects, for 31 countries for the period 2011-2015. We used 16 Coordinated Market Economies and Liberal Market Economies and 15 Hierarchical Market Economies. The results showed the varieties of capitalism affect the relationship between institutional gearing and economic growth. In the Coordinated Market Economies and Liberal Market Economies this effect is higher than in Hierarchical Market Economies. Governments of Hierarchical Market Economies should not only apply public policies to build functional institutions, but also encourage the positive complementarities among them.

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Brown, Stuart. "Emerging Market Economies and European Economic Integration". Comparative Economic Studies 48, n.º 2 (junho de 2006): 382–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.ces.8100138.

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Pandey, Asheesh, Sanjay Sehgal, Amiya Kumar Mohapatra e Pradeepta Kumar Samanta. "Equity market anomalies in major European economies". Investment Management and Financial Innovations 18, n.º 2 (10 de junho de 2021): 245–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/imfi.18(2).2021.20.

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This paper investigates five leading equity market anomalies – size, value, momentum, profitability, and asset growth, for four Western European markets, namely, Germany, France, Italy and Spain, from January 2002 to March 2018. The study tests whether these anomalies reverse under different macro-economic uncertainty conditions, and evaluates if strategies based on time diversification can be formed using these equity market anomalies. Market anomalies were tested using four major asset pricing models – the Capital Asset Pricing Model, the Fama-French three-factor model, the Carhart model, and the Fama-French five-factor model. Macro-economic uncertainty was tested using two proxies, namely VIX and default premiums. Time diversified strategies were examined by estimating Sharpe ratios of combined portfolios formed by combining winner univariate portfolios. Value effect in Germany, Size effect in France and Profitability effect in Italy and Spain provide the highest unadjusted returns on long side strategies. No significant reversal of these anomalies was found under different macroeconomic uncertainties. Asset pricing tests show that CAPM works well for Spain and Italy, while Carhart’s model explains returns in Germany. The Fama-French five factor model does not seem to be a good descriptor of asset pricing for data. No suitable model for explaining asset returns is identified for France. Finally, it is observed that some of the equity market anomalies seem to be countercyclical and therefore provide time diversification opportunities. The study has implications for academicians, investors, and policy makers by providing insights for developing profitable investment strategies and highlighting the efficacy of alternative models as performance benchmarks.

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Ligthart, Paul, e Elaine Farndale. "Liberal versus Coordinated Market Economies: Exploring HRM Practices Over Time". Academy of Management Proceedings 2012, n.º 1 (julho de 2012): 10475. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2012.10475abstract.

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Almond, Phil, e Maria Gonzalez Menendez. "Varieties of capitalism: the importance of political and social choices". Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research 12, n.º 3 (agosto de 2006): 407–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/102425890601200309.

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This paper examines the influential Varieties of Capitalism argument (Hall and Soskice 2001) that economies tend to one of two forms of capitalism - liberal market and coordinated market economies - with different employment policies being conducive to economic success in each. An analysis of the relationship between financial and labour market systems suggests that the links between the two operate in a less deterministic way than is suggested by Hall and Soskice. This suggests that industrial relations actors are not prisoners of coordinated or liberal systems, and that ‘political’ choice retains a significant role in changes to employment systems.

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Bosch, Gerhard, e Jean Charest. "Vocational training and the labour market in liberal and coordinated economies". Industrial Relations Journal 39, n.º 5 (setembro de 2008): 428–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2338.2008.00497.x.

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Ezrow, Lawrence, e Timothy Hellwig. "The hidden cost of consensus: How coordinated market economies insulate politics". Research & Politics 2, n.º 4 (outubro de 2015): 205316801561487. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2053168015614873.

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Walker, Kent, Zhou Zhang e Na Nina Ni. "The Mirror Effect: Corporate Social Responsibility, Corporate Social Irresponsibility and Firm Performance in Coordinated Market Economies and Liberal Market Economies". British Journal of Management 30, n.º 1 (1 de fevereiro de 2018): 151–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8551.12271.

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Hancké, Bob. "The missing link. Labour unions, central banks and monetary integration in Europe1". Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research 19, n.º 1 (21 de janeiro de 2013): 89–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1024258912469347.

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This article examines the problems of the single currency in light of the organization of labour relations in the Member States and their interaction with monetary policies. Continental (western) Europe consists of two very different systems of employment and labour relations, roughly coinciding with ‘coordinated market economies’ in the north-west of the continent, and ‘Mixed Market Economies’ in the south. These differences in employment relations and wage-setting systems implied that, against the background of a relatively restrictive one-size-fits-all monetary policy in place since 1999, the north-west of the continent systematically improved its competitiveness, while the south lost competitiveness in parallel. Small differences between the two groups of countries at the start of EMU thus were accentuated and, against the background of low growth and an almost closed E(M)U economy, the northern coordinated market economies accumulated current account surpluses while the GIIPS (Greece, Italy, Ireland, Portugal and Spain) ran into severe balance of payments problems in 2010 and 2011.

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Shire, Karen A., Hannelore Mottweiler, Annika Schönauer e Mireia Valverde. "Temporary Work in Coordinated Market Economies: Evidence from Front-Line Service Workplaces". ILR Review 62, n.º 4 (julho de 2009): 602–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001979390906200407.

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Harcourt, Mark, e Geoffrey Wood. "The Importance of Employment Protection for Skill Development in Coordinated Market Economies". European Journal of Industrial Relations 13, n.º 2 (julho de 2007): 141–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959680107078247.

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Anderson, Karen M., e Paulette Kurzer. "The politics of mortgage credit expansion in the small coordinated market economies". West European Politics 43, n.º 2 (10 de maio de 2019): 366–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01402382.2019.1596421.

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Klotzki, Udo, Alexander Bohnert, Nadine Gatzert e Ulrike Vogelgesang. "Economies of scale in European life insurance". Journal of Risk Finance 19, n.º 2 (19 de março de 2018): 190–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jrf-03-2017-0055.

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Purpose Due to the continuing low interest rate environment as well as the increase in acquisition costs, price transparency, cost transparency and competition with banks, the cost of life insurance becomes increasingly important for customers, insurers and shareholders. Against this background, the purpose of this paper is to study the development of insurers’ economies of scale in regard to administrative costs for four of the largest European life insurance markets. Design/methodology/approach The analysis on economies of scale is based on a comprehensive set of 477 life insurers in Germany, Italy, Spain and the UK, yearly data between 2000 and 2014, and regression calculations that are based on 4,855 observations. Findings The results show that economies of scale exist for all considered markets and for most of the considered years. However, the extent of economies of scale varies considerably across countries. Originality/value Overall, the existing academic literature on costs and corresponding economies of scale in life insurance primarily deals with analyses of total costs instead of administrative costs, a single year or a single market. This paper contributes to the existing literature by conducting an analysis of recent market dynamics and economies of scale in regard to administrative costs for the period from 2000 and 2014 for four of the largest European life insurance markets for which the respective data were available (Germany, Italy, Spain and the UK) and 477 life insurers in total. This is done by means of a log-log transformation of premiums and costs and a fixed effects model based on these transformed figures for 4,855 observations. In addition, for each market, the authors analyze the development of administrative costs for a total of 477 insurers.

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Todorova, Tamara. "Adverse Effects of Transaction Costs in East European Economies". Organizations and Markets in Emerging Economies 2, n.º 1 (31 de maio de 2011): 34–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/omee.2011.2.1.14288.

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Abstract. At a given level of technology the gross aggregate production function lies above the net aggregate production function where the difference represents the aggregate transaction costs in the economy. Transitional economies facing serious institutional impediments to creating a smoothly functioning market mechanism are faced with sizable transaction costs. We use a net production function model enhanced by Furubotn and Richter and apply it conceptually to the case of transitional economies. We find that at a particular level of a community isoprofit line much less output will be supplied compared to developed market economies with mature market institutions. The aim of the paper is to trace the falling output and the deep structural problems of East European economies to the effect of transaction costs and institutional building. The more rapidly transaction costs grow, the less the firms would be willing to pay for inputs. Furthermore, we find that certain markets tend to disappear in emerging economies due to the adverse effects of transaction costs. As a safeguard to precontractual opportunism and prevention to ex post transaction costs, ex ante transaction costs would play a more vital role in East European societies.

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Fleckenstein, Timo, e Soohyun Christine Lee. "The Politics of Labor Market Reform in Coordinated Welfare Capitalism". World Politics 69, n.º 1 (5 de dezembro de 2016): 144–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043887116000228.

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Coordinated welfare capitalism has been subject to comprehensive change since the 1990s, with workfare measures and the deregulation of employment protection at the heart of labor market reforms. Developments in Sweden, Germany, and South Korea challenge not only the assumption of relative stability that is commonly associated with the study of coordinated market economies, but also the assertion that this stability is associated with the persistence of established political coalitions. The authors contend that a collapse of longstanding welfare state coalitions is the key political driver of labor market reform, with the withdrawal of employers from previous welfare settlements at the center of this development.

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Devine, Pat, Jerzy Hausner, Bob Jessop e Klaus Nielsen. "Institutional Frameworks of Market Economies: Scandinavian and Eastern European Perspectives." Economic Journal 104, n.º 427 (novembro de 1994): 1478. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2235474.

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Parry, Emma, Michael Dickmann e Michael Morley. "North American MNCs and their HR policies in liberal and coordinated market economies". International Journal of Human Resource Management 19, n.º 11 (novembro de 2008): 2024–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09585190802404262.

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Estévez-Abe, Margarita. "Gendering the Varieties of Capitalism. A Study of Occupational Segregation by Sex in Advanced Industrial Societies". World Politics 59, n.º 1 (outubro de 2006): 142–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/wp.2007.0016.

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This article explores the unintended gendered consequences of employment protection and vocational training systems. It develops a micrologic of skill investment by workers and employers to identify the mechanism by which specific skills become disadvantageous for women. The central claim of the article is that institutions that encourage male investment in specific skills exacerbate occupational sex segregation. The article finds that coordinated market economies, because of their robust institutional protection of male skill investments, are generally more sex segregating than are liberal market economies. The empirical section provides cross-sectional analyses of advanced industrial countries.

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Toloudis, Nicholas. "Varieties of Capitalism and Fiscal Stimulus, 2008–2010". Baltic Journal of European Studies 5, n.º 2 (1 de outubro de 2015): 56–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bjes-2015-0013.

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AbstractThis paper tests the Varieties of Capitalism (VoC) framework to explain variation in fiscal stimulus measures across OECD countries in response to the 2008-2010 economic crisis. Following Soskice (2007), I argue that coordinated market economies are less flexible with fiscal policy than liberal market economies. Multivariate analysis across 23 OECD countries demonstrates that VoC is more powerful than three competing theories: fiscal institutions, which hypothesizes more stimulus in countries with less restrictive budgetary rules; debt credibility, which hypothesizes more stimulus in less indebted countries; and political partisanship, which hypothesizes more stimulus in countries governed by the left.

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Cameron, David R. "Creating Market Economies after Communism: The Impact of the European Union". Post-Soviet Affairs 25, n.º 1 (janeiro de 2009): 1–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2747/1060-586x.25.1.1.

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Brzustowski, Thomas, Nicolas Petrosky-Nadeau e Etienne Wasmer. "Disentangling goods, labor, and credit market frictions in three European economies". Labour Economics 50 (março de 2018): 180–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.labeco.2016.05.006.

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Emmenegger, Patrick. "Low Statism in Coordinated Market Economies: The Development of Job Security Regulations in Switzerland". International Political Science Review 31, n.º 2 (março de 2010): 187–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192512110364260.

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Busemeyer, Marius R. "Asset specificity, institutional complementarities and the variety of skill regimes in coordinated market economies". Socio-Economic Review 7, n.º 3 (29 de maio de 2009): 375–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ser/mwp009.

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Malik, Tariq H., e Chunhui Huo. "Entrepreneurial state vs liberal market". Chinese Management Studies 13, n.º 3 (5 de agosto de 2019): 550–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cms-07-2018-0600.

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Purpose This paper aims to assess the comparative position of the national innovation system of Chinese state entrepreneurship versus liberal market entrepreneurship. Based on the comparative institutional framework, it asks whether Chinese state entrepreneurship has a comparative disadvantage because of its incoherent institutions in liberal or coordinated economies. Hence, does the Chinese institutional system of innovation lag behind that of US or liberal countries of Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) economies in the transformation of national science into economic products measured as high-technology exports? Design/methodology/approach This study uses panel data analysis based on 29 OECD economies and the Chinese economy over 23 years. Regarding national science productivity (explorative capabilities), it includes published and patented science streams; regarding technological transformation (exploitative capabilities), it measures the percentage of high-technology exports in gross domestic product (GDP). The interactions between the types of entrepreneurship and national science institutions serve as predictors in the design. Findings The results show that Chinese state entrepreneurship has a comparative advantage over liberal economies in published science. However, Chinese state entrepreneurship has a comparative disadvantage compared to liberal entrepreneurship in patent science. Regarding the dyadic level of comparability between the national economies, there are mixed results in the transformation of national science. Research limitations/implications This study supports the three following theoretical points: national institutions differ regardless of the pressure of convergence through globalization; national science contingencies influence different paths of the transformation of national science to technology; and mixed economies, such as state entrepreneurship, can achieve high performance without fully conforming to liberal markets. Practical implications This study emphasizes institutional mechanisms for future research to support the innovation of incoherent institutions and suggests the benefit of cross-pollination of senior managers between state and private organizations for a defined duration. Originality/value Theoretically, this research combines an interdisciplinary and interinstitutional level of analysis, and in so doing, it deals with the transformation of national science in scientific publications and patents in the vertical value chain. Empirically, this study links the national published and patented science with the national economic artifacts in high-technology sectors. This novel approach to assess the national and discipline-level interaction sets a context for the future research in other settings. It also informs policy decisions regarding the growth of science, innovation and development.

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Menzel, Max-Peter, e Johannes Kammer. "Industry evolution in Varieties of Capitalism: a comparison of the Danish and US wind turbine industries". Industrial and Corporate Change 28, n.º 6 (6 de julho de 2019): 1381–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icc/dtz022.

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AbstractIn this study, we combine Klepper’s framework on the evolution of industries with the Varieties of Capitalism approach to argue that industry evolution is mediated by institutional differences. We expect that new industries will evolve with a stronger connection to established industries in coordinated marked economies than in liberal market economies. Our assumptions are supported by a survival analysis of USA and Danish wind turbine manufacturers from 1974 to 2014. Yet, the emergence of a dominant design biases the results.

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Govorova, Natalia. "EUROPEAN LABOUR MARKET IN PANDEMIC REALITY". Contemporary Europe, n.º 100 (31 de dezembro de 2020): 128–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.15211/soveurope72020128139.

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The beginning of 2020 was marked by an outbreak of the global pandemic COVID-19, which forced almost all governments to adopt restrictive measures in which social distance played a key role. In order to stop the spread of the virus and ensure the safety of people, many businesses were temporarily shut down and millions of workers were absent from their workplaces for long periods. So far, it is difficult to predict how much time, financial resources and effort it will take various actors to recover the world, European and domestic economies. Individual sectors and enterprises will continue to be adversely affected by the effects of the pandemic for a long time to come and will have to increase costs to ensure safety for operational process and labour force. The global impact of the coronavirus pandemic in social, economic, demographic, financial, political and other areas has yet to be comprehensively assessed and analyzed by experts. The article provides insight into analysis of the European labour market and measures adopted by the EU on smoothing the consequences of the coronavirus crisis in the social and labour spheres.

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