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Teses / dissertações sobre o tema "Extinction methods"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 7 de julho de 2024

Última modificação: 31 de julho de 2025

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1

Faller, Beáta. "Combinatorial and probabilistic methods in biodiversity theory." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Mathematics and Statistics, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/3985.

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Phylogenetic diversity (PD) is a measure of species biodiversity quantified by how much of an evolutionary tree is spanned by a subset of species. In this thesis, we study optimization problems that aim to find species sets with maximum PD in different scenarios, and examine random extinction models under various assumptions to predict the PD of species that will still be present in the future. Optimizing PD with Dependencies is a combinatorial optimization problem in which species form an ecological network. Here, we are interested in selecting species sets of a given size that are ecological

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2

Li, Linlin, Shiyin Shen, Jinliang Hou, et al. "GALACTIC EXTINCTION AND REDDENING FROM THE SOUTH GALACTIC CAP u -BAND SKY SURVEY: u -BAND GALAXY NUMBER COUNTS AND u − r COLOR DISTRIBUTION." IOP PUBLISHING LTD, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/623264.

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We study the integral Galactic extinction and reddening based on the galaxy catalog of the South Galactic Cap u-band Sky Survey (SCUSS), where u-band galaxy number counts and u - r color distribution are used to derive the Galactic extinction and reddening respectively. We compare these independent statistical measurements with the reddening map of Schlegel et al. (SFD) and find that both the extinction and reddening from the number counts and color distribution are in good agreement with the SFD results at low extinction regions (E(B - V)(SFD) < 0.12 mag). However, for high extinction regions

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3

Cole, Selina R. "Phylogeny, Diversification, and Extinction Selectivity in Camerate Crinoids." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1492594839778373.

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4

Corey, Sarah J. "Understanding Amphibian Vulnerability to Extinction: A Phylogenetic and Spatial Approach." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1244036842.

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5

Rådahl, Elmer. "Extinction in the solar neighborhood : A comparative study of two methods used to measure reddening towards individual stars." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Observationell astrofysik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-296426.

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Interstellar extinction and reddening are inescapable sources of uncertainty in the study of astronomical objects. Many creative ways to measure its effects have been developed, two of them being evaluated in this study. I apply two recently improved methods to estimate extinction toward individual stars, one based on interstellar absorption of sodium and the other based on opacity maps of the interstellar medium. The methods are applied to 14 stars in the local neighborhood, all within a distance of 250 pc from the Sun, and their results are compared. I find that both methods have severe limi

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6

Myers, Alexandra. "A computational study of the effect of cross wind on the flow of fire fighting agent." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2004. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/04Jun%5FMyers.pdf.

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7

Myburgh, Erena. "Evaluating methods for fire protection and related fire risk categories in rural towns of the Western Cape, South Africa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/20066.

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Thesis (MScEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Water flows required for fire protection (fire flows) from water distribution systems (WDS) in rural towns in the Western Cape Province, South Africa, were evaluated as part of this research project. The fire flow requirements specified in different South African guidelines, as well as a number of international standards, were compared. Various guidelines and codes used in South Africa, including the South African National Standards, specify fire flow requirements according to the risk category of the area concerned. Alternat

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8

Sennblad, Adina. "Effects of past fragmentation and habitat loss and current management methods on the changes in vascular plant communities. : An evaluation of extinction debt in semi-natural grasslands in Sweden." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för biologisk grundutbildning, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-447366.

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Habitat loss and fragmentation are believed to be two of the main reasons for high extinction rates of species, resulting in decreased biodiversity. According to the island biogeography theory, the species richness in a patch, here a semi-natural grassland, is dependent on the landscape composition, and therefore changes in the landscape composition will result in changes in the species richness of the grassland. However, this change in species richness may be delayed for several years, causing an extinction debt. The aim of this study was to examine the change of species richness of vascular

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9

Caumont-Prim, Chloé. "Détermination de la distribution de taille des nanoparticules de suie par analyse du spectre d'extinction et de diffusion angulaire de la lumière." Phd thesis, INSA de Rouen, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00800137.

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Le but de ce travail est de déterminer par méthodes optiques la distribution de taille (pdf) des nanoparticules de suie, agrégats de morphologie fractale. Après des études préliminaires qui utilisent DDSCAT pour valider la théorie RDG-FA et permettent de convertir un rayon de giration en rayon de mobilité, deux diagnostics optiques sont étudiés. Le premier consiste à exploiter une mesure d'extinction spectrale de la lumière. Nous montrons que pour exploiter ce signal, il faut connaître les propriétés optiques des suies, leur préfacteur et dimension fractale, la loi de distribution et le diamèt

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10

Hautphenne, Sophie. "An algorithmic look at phase-controlled branching processes." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210255.

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Branching processes are stochastic processes describing the evolution of populations of individuals which reproduce and die independently of each other according to specific probability laws. We consider a particular class of branching processes, called Markovian binary trees, where the lifetime and birth epochs of individuals are controlled by a Markovian arrival process. <p><p>Our objective is to develop numerical methods to answer several questions about Markovian binary trees. The issue of the extinction probability is the main question addressed in the thesis. We first assume independence

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11

Rivière, Annise. "Granulométrie d'un liquide dispersé par explosif." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Ecole nationale des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024EMAC0003.

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Dans le cadre de ses études sur la détonique, le CEA de Gramat s'intéresse à la dispersion de liquides dans l'air, avec des contraintes de haute vitesse/énergie, et des aspects multi-échelles. La mesure de la granulométrie du liquide dispersé suscite un vif intérêt et s'avère complexe car aucune solution commerciale n'est utilisable dans ces conditions particulières. Toutefois, dans ces conditions et avec l'impossibilité d'utiliser des sources laser en environnement pyrotechnique, aucune solution commerciale n'est disponible. Pour ce travail de thèse, une nouvelle méthode d'identification de l

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12

Skousen, Aaron Bradley. "Design, Fabrication and Testing of a Pressurized Oxy-Coal Reactor Exhaust System." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2019. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/7518.

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One of the challenges facing engineers is to provide clean, sustainable, affordable and reliable electricity. One of the major pollutants associated with coal combustion is CO2. A proposed technology for efficiently capturing CO2 while producing electricity is pressurized oxy-combustion (POC). The first objective of this work is to design, build and demonstrate an exhaust system for a 20 atmosphere oxy-coal combustor. The second objective of this work is to design and build mounts for a two-color laser extinction method in the POC. The POC reactor enables the development of three key technolog

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13

Liu, Yang, and Ziyu Wang. "The Numerical Computation Method of Physical Quantity of Dust Concentration Based on Matlab." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för elektronik, matematik och naturvetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-19149.

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With the rapid development of the industry all over the world, the consumption of fossil fuel of human activities has reached an extremely high level which result in an incredible dust emission level nowadays. As one of the major environment challenges today, dust pollution has become a vital issue that the human beings have to face and resolve. To tackle the dust pollution problem, a reliable measurement of the dust concentration level is essential. In recent years, methods with different principles are used to detect the dust concentration have been developed. The methods developed based

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14

SOSSET, CATHERINE. "Extinction ovarienne precoce et anticorps anti-ovaires : reevaluation de l'origine auto-immune a l'aide d'une methode de dosage de type elisa." Nice, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NICE6544.

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15

Chakwizira, Emmanuel. "Growth and development of 'Pasja' and kale crops grown with two methods and four rates of phosphorus (P) application : a thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Masters [i.e. Master] of Agricultural Science at Lincoln University /." Diss., Lincoln University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/929.

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*‘Pasja’ (Brassica campestris x napus) and kale (Brassica oleracea var. acephala L.) were grown at Lincoln, Canterbury, New Zealand in 2008 with different levels of phosphorus (P) fertiliser. Banded or broadcast P fertiliser was applied at 0, 20, 40 and 60 kg P/ha at establishment. Total dry matter (DM) production, the proportion of the leaf and stem and leaf area development were measured over time and related to the biophysical environment. For ‘Pasja’, final DM increased with P rate from 3730 kg DM/ha to ~4900 kg DM/ha at 60 kg P/ha. For kale the increase was from 8710 kg DM/ha for the cont

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16

Perçin, Berk Tan. "On a new method for the stochastic perturbation of the disease transmission coefficient in SIS Models." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/24397/.

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In this study, first a necessary background is provided to readers. Then a novel approach to stochastically perturb the disease transmission coefficient was investigated, which is a key parameter in susceptible-infected-susceptible (SIS) models. Motivated by the papers [5] and [2], the disease transmission coefficient was perturbed with a Gaussian white noise, formally modelled as the time derivative of a mean reverting Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process. It has been remarked that, thanks to a suitable representation of the solution to the deterministic SIS model, this perturbation is rigorous and sup

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17

al, @Haddad Mostapha. "Théorie statistique de la diffraction des rayons X et des neutrons : [thèse soutenue sur un ensemble de travaux]." Grenoble 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989GRE10046.

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Theorie auto-coherente de la diffraction par un cristal statistiquement deforme en remplacant le cristal etudie par un cristal modele donnant le meme spectre de diffraction. Pour le cristal reel, deux solutions sont envisagees: solution analytique pour un cristal qui a la forme d'une plaquette, infinie dans la geometrie de transmission; solution numerique pour un cristal de forme convexe qui peut etre remplace par une sphere

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18

Menon, K. Rajalakshmi. "Application Of High Frequency Natural Resonances Extracted From Electromagnetic Scattering Response For Discrimination Of Radar Targets With Minor Variations." Thesis, Indian Institute of Science, 2001. https://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/159.

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Radars, as the name suggests, were traditionally used for Radio Detection and Ranging. Nevertheless, advances in high resolution electromagnetic simulations, Ultra Wide-Band sources, signal processing and computer technologies have resulted in a possible perception of radars as sensors for target discrimination. In this thesis, the feasibility of discrimination between targets even with minor variations in structure and material composition on the basis of radar echoes is effectively demonstrated. It is well-known that the echoes from any target are affected by its natural frequencies which

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19

Menon, K. Rajalakshmi. "Application Of High Frequency Natural Resonances Extracted From Electromagnetic Scattering Response For Discrimination Of Radar Targets With Minor Variations." Thesis, Indian Institute of Science, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2005/159.

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Radars, as the name suggests, were traditionally used for Radio Detection and Ranging. Nevertheless, advances in high resolution electromagnetic simulations, Ultra Wide-Band sources, signal processing and computer technologies have resulted in a possible perception of radars as sensors for target discrimination. In this thesis, the feasibility of discrimination between targets even with minor variations in structure and material composition on the basis of radar echoes is effectively demonstrated. It is well-known that the echoes from any target are affected by its natural frequencies which a

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20

Corradini, S. "Aerosol extinction coefficient profile retrieval procedure for satellite measurements in multiple scattering atmosphere." Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2122/4762.

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The aim of this work is to develop a multiple scattering inversion procedure for the aerosol extinction coefficient profile retrieval and error assessment for nadir and multi-angle passive remote sensing instruments. The procedure will be applied for the tropospheric aerosol extinction coefficient profile retrieval from SCIAMACHY nadir simulated measurements using atmospheric windows and oxygen A-band wavelengths. Also the contemporary use of atmospheric windows and oxygen A-band wavelengths will be discussed. SCIAMACHY simulated measurement has been used because, due to calibration real d

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21

Wong, Ananda Victor. "Acquisition and extinction across multiple virtual reality contexts: implications for specific phobias and current treatment methods." Thesis, 2020. https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/65155/4/JCU_65155_Wong_2020_thesis.pdf.

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Victor Wong studied human acquisition learning over multiple contexts using virtual reality. He found that learning an association over multiple contexts can impact subsequent extinction training. This suggests that fears acquired over multiple contexts may be more difficult to treat using exposure-based therapies and will need to be augmented for effectiveness.

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22

de, Carvalho SJ. "Entangled solidarity : poetic gestures embody relational methods of with-nessing more than-human witnesses to the 6th mass extinction." Thesis, 2022. https://eprints.utas.edu.au/47652/.

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This practice-led PhD explores being ‘with’ frontline sites of ecological disturbance as a witness, or ‘with-ness’ (Akomolafe 2020), connecting ethics with empathy by co-devising modes for embodied solidarity through creative encounters and co-authoring. By investigating connections between human and more-than-human agents and focussing on situational, relational ethics, this approach connects my body, the wounded bodies of ecosystems and the public/social body who find this artwork in the willing acknowledgement of ecological trauma or ecocide. Ecocide is defined as ‘unlawful or wanton acts c

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23

(9794897), Hayley Etherton. "To cry or not to cry? Understanding parents’ views on and uptake of infant sleep and settling interventions." Thesis, 2023. https://figshare.com/articles/thesis/To_cry_or_not_to_cry_Understanding_parents_views_on_and_uptake_of_infant_sleep_and_settling_interventions/22872965.

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Problematic child sleep is a common issue facing parents around the world, particularly during infancy, and can have deleterious effects on many aspects of health and wellbeing for the child, parents and broader family unit. Substantial literature exists on child sleep interventions, within academic, professional and general public settings. The most common intervention recommended for problematic child sleep behaviours employs behaviour theory’s concept of extinction, which involves ignoring a crying child to various degrees. Due to media and popular literature, such methods are widely known

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24

Hung, Ko-Li, and 洪各立. "The study of modified time domain extinction method measurement and the double Rayleigh backscattering in Raman/EDFA hybrid amplifier." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/57123413434638394808.

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碩士<br>國立東華大學<br>電機工程學系<br>94<br>Raman fiber amplifier is more and more important due to the successful development of high power laser diode. Because Raman amplifier is distributed amplifier, the noise in amplifier will increase gradually. Double Rayleigh scattering is the most important noise. Noise performance become a key condition in Raman amplifier. In our thesis, we built a structure based on modified time domain extinction method(TDE method), observe the measurement of double Rayleigh scattering by changing the modulate frequency of AOM, the duty cycle of AOM, and the resolution of OSA.

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Mitterboeck, T. Fatima. "Consequences of Insect Flight Loss for Molecular Evolutionary Rates and Diversification." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10214/3679.

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This thesis investigates the molecular evolutionary and macroevolutionary consequences of flight loss in insects. Chapter 2 tests the hypothesis that flightless groups have smaller effective population sizes than related flighted groups, expected to result in a consistent pattern of increased non-synonymous to synonymous ratios in flightless lineages due to the greater effect of genetic drift in smaller populations. Chapter 3 tests the hypothesis that reduced dispersal and species-level traits such as range size associated with flightlessness increase extinction rates, which over the long term

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