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1

Braem, M., P. Lambrechts, G. Vanherle, and C. L. Davidson. "Stiffness Increase During the Setting of Dental Composite Resins." Journal of Dental Research 66, no. 12 (1987): 1713–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00220345870660120301.

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Changes in the dynamic Young's modulus under flexure of self-cured and light-cured composite resins during setting were demonstrated to reflect accurately the condition of the curing composite resins. The rate of stiffness increase during setting varied considerably with the product, and the light-cured composite resins generally showed a faster rate of increase of stiffness. In the initial stage, the Young's moduli were very low, especially for the self-cured composite resins. This accounts for the damage (adhesion disruption and cross-linking interruption) that can be inflicted on a freshly
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Aulia, Rahmi Khairani. "THE COMPARISON OF RESIN-BASED COMPOSITES PHYSICAL PROPERTIES BETWEEN BULK-FILL TECHNIQUE AND INCREMENTAL TECHNIQUE." Dentino : Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi 6, no. 1 (2021): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/dentino.v6i1.10646.

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ABSTRACT:Composite resins are currently the most popular restorative material in dentistry. This is due to good aesthetics and maximum conservation ability. Behind these advantages, there are disbenefits of composite resin materials, such as polymerization shrinkage, which can lead to restoration failure. Various attempts have been investigated to reduce the shrinkage incidence of composite resins, one of which is the technique of placing the restorative material into the cavity. The restoration filling technique is recognized as a significant factor in shrinkage stress. By using a special fil
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3

Zica, Juliana de Souza Silva, Isabela Araújo Fernandes, Fernanda Barcellos Ameno Faria, et al. "Comparative analysis of the surface roughness of conventional resins and filling after immersion in mouthwashes." Brazilian Journal of Oral Sciences 19 (August 6, 2020): e208569. http://dx.doi.org/10.20396/bjos.v19i0.8658569.

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Aim: Bulk Fill composite resins were released on the market in order to reduce the time in clinical sessions by using increments of up to 5.0 mm thickness. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the rinsing solutions on the surface roughness of the conventional composite and Bulk fill composite resins. Methods: 40 specimens were prepared from a 4.0mm x 10.0mm teflon matrix and photoactivated for 20 seconds, with 20 specimens made of Filtek Bulk-Fill composite resin (3M ESPE) and 20 specimens made with Filtek™ Z350 XT composite resin (3M ESPE). Each group was subdivided into 2 subg
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Pereira, RAS, PBF Soares, AA Bicalho, LM Barcelos, LRS Oliveira, and CJ Soares. "Impact of the Porosity from Incremental and Bulk Resin Composite Filling Techniques on the Biomechanical Performance of Root-Treated Molars." Operative Dentistry 46, no. 2 (2021): 197–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.2341/19-297-l.

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SUMMARY Objectives: To analyze the effect of the porosity caused by incremental and bulk resin composite filling techniques using low- and high-viscosity composite resins on the biomechanical performance of root-treated molars. Methods: Forty intact molars received standardized mesio-occlusal-distal (MOD) cavity preparation, were root treated, and randomly divided into four groups with different filling techniques (n=10). The first involved two incremental filling techniques using VIT/Z350XT, a nanofilled composite resin (Filtek Z350XT, 3M ESPE) associated with a resin-modified glass ionomer c
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5

Sadighpour, Leyla, Farideh Geramipanah, Vanya Rasaei, and Mohammad J. Kharazi Fard. "Fracture Resistance of Ceramic Laminate Veneers Bonded to Teeth with Class V Composite Fillings after Cyclic Loading." International Journal of Dentistry 2018 (2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1456745.

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Purpose. Porcelain laminate veneers (PLVs) are sometimes required to be used for teeth with composite fillings. This study examined the fracture strength of PLVs bonded to the teeth restored with different sizes of class V composite fillings. Materials and Methods. Thirty-six maxillary central incisors were divided into three groups (n=12): intact teeth (control) and teeth with class V composite fillings of one-third or two-thirds of the crown height (small or large group, resp.). PLVs were made by using IPS e.max and bonded with a resin cement (RelyX Unicem). Fracture resistance (N) was measu
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6

Pallesen, Ulla, and Vibeke Qvist. "Composite resin fillings and inlays. An 11-year evaluation." Clinical Oral Investigations 7, no. 2 (2003): 71–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00784-003-0201-z.

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7

Al-Sheikh, Rasha. "Effects of Different Application Techniques on Nanohybrid Composite Restorations Clinical Success." Open Dentistry Journal 13, no. 1 (2019): 228–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874210601913010228.

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Introduction:Dental composites have been used as a restorative material for a long time. However, they have their limitations.Aims:This study evaluated the effects of placement techniques on the clinical performance of class I composite resin restorations.Methods:A total of 40 patients with split-mouth design participated in this study. Each patient had two fillings according to the placement technique (either bulk or incremental packing) of the composite resin restorations. Group (A): was packed by Tetric EvoCeram bulk-fill composite resin and Group (B): was incrementally packed with Tetric E
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8

MUNKSGAARD, ERIK CHRISTIAN, and MASAO IRIE. "Effect of load-cycling on bond between composite fillings and dentin established by Gluma and various resins." European Journal of Oral Sciences 96, no. 6 (1988): 579–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0722.1988.tb01599.x.

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9

Kaskova, L. F., N. V. Yanko, and O. O. Kulai. "EVALUATION OF PERFORMANCE OF COMPOSITE FILLING MATERIALS IN RESTORATION OF PERMANENT TEETH IN CHILDREN." Ukrainian Dental Almanac, no. 1 (March 23, 2021): 99–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.31718/2409-0255.1.2021.16.

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A paradigm shift in dental caries treatment in paediatric dentistry is viewed towards a wide using of composite resins. This prospective clinical trial are evaluated and compared during 18 months of clinical performance of a microhybrid composite with a nanoceramic resin composite placed in сlass I and II cavities in permanent teeth in children. 
 Thirty one children aged between 7 and 15 years were investigated during this study. About 40 restorations were performed, 50% for each material: a nanoceramic resin composite “Ceram. X Sphere TEC one” and a microhybrid resin composite “Charisma
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10

Dačić, Stefan, Aleksandar Mitić, Marija Nikolić, Milica Cenić, Nenad Stošić, and Dragica Dačić-Simonović. "The Effect of Polymerization Technique on Marginal Index of Composite Fillings in Dentin." Acta Facultatis Medicae Naissensis 33, no. 2 (2016): 127–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/afmnai-2016-0014.

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Summary Polymerization contraction of composite resins has been one of the most extensively studied phenomena in dentistry in recent years. Initial polymerization by low intensity light followed by polymerization high intensity light improves marginal adaptation of composite in tooth cavities. A number of studies have verified that less marginal leakage and lower marginal index (MI) exist in relation to standard polymerization (continuous high intensity light). The aim of the study was to quantittively evaluate the bond of composite materials to dentin and determine the MI values in dentin aft
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11

Geurtsen, W. "Biocompatibility of Resin-Modified Filling Materials." Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine 11, no. 3 (2000): 333–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10454411000110030401.

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Increasing numbers of resin-based dental restorations have been placed over the past decade. During this same period, the public interest in the local and especially systemic adverse effects caused by dental materials has increased significantly It has been found that each resin-based material releases several components into the oral environment. In particular, the comonomer triethyleneglycol di-methacrylate (TEGDMA), and the 'hydrophilic' monomer, 2-hydroxy-ethyl-methacrylate (HEMA), are leached out from various composite resins and 'adhesive' materials (e.g., resin-modified glass-ionomer ce
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12

Giachetti, Luca, Daniele Scaminaci Russo, Claudia Bambi, and Romano Grandini. "A Review of Polymerization Shrinkage Stress: Current Techniques for Posterior Direct Resin Restorations." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 7, no. 4 (2006): 79–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jcdp-7-4-79.

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Abstract In general excellent results cannot be guaranteed when using resin-based composites for posterior restorations. This is due to polymerization shrinkage which can still be regarded as the primary negative characteristic of composite resins. A review of available literature regarding the polymerization process, its flaws, and suggested strategies to avoid shrinkage stress was conducted. Several factors responsible for the polymerization process may negatively affect the integrity of the tooth-restoration complex. There is no straightforward way of handlling adhesive restorative material
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13

Prechtel, Alexander, Bogna Stawarczyk, Reinhard Hickel, Daniel Edelhoff, and Marcel Reymus. "Fracture load of 3D printed PEEK inlays compared with milled ones, direct resin composite fillings, and sound teeth." Clinical Oral Investigations 24, no. 10 (2020): 3457–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00784-020-03216-5.

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Abstract Objective The objective of this in vitro study was to investigate fracture load, fracture types, and impact of chewing simulation of human molars restored with 3D printed indirect polyetheretherketone (PEEK) inlays and compare these with milled indirect PEEK inlays, direct resin composite fillings, and sound teeth. Materials and methods A total of 112 molars with form congruent class I cavities were restored with (n = 16/group) 3D printed indirect PEEK inlays via fused layer manufacturing (FLM): (1) Essentium PEEK (ESS), (2) KetaSpire PEEK MS-NT1 (KET), (3) VESTAKEEP i4 G (VES), (4) V
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14

Kenshima, Silvia, Rosa Helena Miranda Grande, Julio da Motta Singer, and Rafael Yagüe Ballester. "Effect of thermal cycling and filling technique on leakage of composite resin restorations." Journal of Applied Oral Science 12, no. 4 (2004): 307–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1678-77572004000400010.

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The objective of this study was to evaluate in vitro the effect on leakage of two incremental filling techniques and two composite resins with different elastic modulus and similar polymerization shrinkage. Eighty Class V cavities (4x4x2mm) were prepared in bovine incisors and were randomly restored with Z-250 (Z) or Durafill VS (D) + Single Bond in axial (a) or oblique (o) increments. The restorations were divided into two groups: Not Aged - N (4-hour-storage in water at 37ºC) and Aged - A (1-week storage in water at 37ºC + 1000 x - 5º-55ºC / 1-min dwell time). The specimens were covered with
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15

Lassila, Lippo V. J., Sufyan Garoushi, Johanna Tanner, Pekka K. Vallittu, and Eva Söderling. "Adherence of Streptococcus mutans to Fiber-Reinforced Filling Composite and Conventional Restorative Materials." Open Dentistry Journal 3, no. 1 (2009): 227–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874210600903010227.

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Objectives. The aim was to investigate the adhesion of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) to a short glass fibers reinforced semi-IPN polymer matrix composite resin. The effect of surface roughness on adhesion was also studied. For comparison, different commercial restorative materials were also evaluated. Materials and Methods. Experimental composite FC resin was prepared by mixing 22.5 wt% of short E-glass fibers, 22.5 wt% of IPN-resin and 55 wt% of silane treated silica fillers using high speed mixing machine. Three direct composite resins (Z250, Grandio and Nulite), resin-modified glass iono
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16

Hedayat, Assem, Nicole Nagy, Garnet Packota, et al. "Synchrotron-radiation-based X-ray micro-computed tomography reveals dental bur debris under dental composite restorations." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 23, no. 3 (2016): 777–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600577516002198.

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Dental burs are used extensively in dentistry to mechanically prepare tooth structures for restorations (fillings), yet little has been reported on the bur debris left behind in the teeth, and whether it poses potential health risks to patients. Here it is aimed to image dental bur debris under dental fillings, and allude to the potential health hazards that can be caused by this debris when left in direct contact with the biological surroundings, specifically when the debris is made of a non-biocompatible material. Non-destructive micro-computed tomography using the BioMedical Imaging & T
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17

Bicalho, AA, RD Pereira, RF Zanatta, et al. "Incremental Filling Technique and Composite Material—Part I: Cuspal Deformation, Bond Strength, and Physical Properties." Operative Dentistry 39, no. 2 (2014): e71-e82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2341/12-441-l.

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SUMMARY Objectives To evaluate the effect of composite resins (one conventional and two low-shrink composites) and filling techniques on cuspal strains (CS), microtensile bond strength (μTBS), composite ultimate tensile strength (UTS), and mechanical properties of the composites at various depths in molars with large Class II restorations. Materials and Methods One hundred seventeen human molars received standardized Class II mesio-oclusal-distal cavity preparations and restorations with three composites (Filtek LS [3M-ESPE]; Aelite LS [BISCO]; and Filtek Supreme [3M-ESPE]) using three filling
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18

Arrondo, J. L. R., M. I. Collado, Soler I, R. Triana, and J. Ellacuria. "Setting Reaction of Polyacid Modified Composite Resins or Compomers." Open Dentistry Journal 3, no. 1 (2009): 197–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874210600903010197.

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The hardening of modified polyacid composite resins (compomers) and glass-ionomers have been studied using infrared spectroscopy. The acid-base reaction in Ketac-fil, a glass ionomer, was followed by the ratio between the COOH band located around 1715 cm-1 and that corresponding to COO- located around 1570 cm-1. The combination of infrared analysis and band narrowing treatments enable us to propose in the glass-ionomer two maturation steps. First, a very rapid equilibrium acid-base related, and second the cross-linking of polycarboxylate with the metal ions present in the cement. In compomers,
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19

Barutcigil, Çağatay, Osman Tolga Harorli, Yusuf Ziya Bayindir, and Funda Bayindir. "Effect of Water Storage and Additional Polymerization on the Color Parameters of Flowable Resin Composites." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 14, no. 6 (2013): 1109–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1460.

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ABSTRACT Aims Tooth colored dental restorative materials should maintain their chromatic properties throughout their service period. The aim of this study was to examine the possible color changes of flowable resin composite filling materials following water storage. The effect of additional light curing on color stability of restorative materials was also investigated. Materials and methods Six brands of light-cured flowable resin composites of the same shade (A3) were prepared from two groups generated by curing for 20 or 60 seconds. The initial color parameters of the flowable composite sam
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20

Patini, Romeo, Gianrico Spagnuolo, Federica Guglielmi, et al. "Clinical Effects of Mercury in Conservative Dentistry: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Trial Sequential Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials." International Journal of Dentistry 2020 (August 12, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8857238.

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Background and Purpose. Following the new directives of the European Union, which foresee the amalgam ban, the debate on its hypothetical toxicity has started again. So, the aim of this systematic review is to definitively evaluate the eventual effects of the exposure to Hg in adults and children with and without dental amalgam fillings measuring the Hg concentration in various biological fluids. Methods. A systematic literature search was conducted in four electronic databases (Ovid via PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and CENTRAL) including all available randomised controlled trials published
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21

Yilmaz, Yucel, Sultan Keles, and Orhan Sezen. "Microtensile Bond Strength of Polyacid-modified Composite Resin to Irradiated Primary Molars." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 19, no. 2 (2018): 189–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-2235.

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ABSTRACT Aim This study evaluated the influence of various doses of radiotherapy on the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) of compomer resin to dentin and enamel in primary molars. Materials and methods Thirty-five intact primary molars were collected and divided into seven groups. Teeth were irradiated with doses from 10 to 60 Gy, except for the control group. Compomer restorations were performed, and enamel—compomer resin beams and dentin—compomer resin beams were tested at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min. Results No statistically significant difference was found between the irradiated tooth en
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22

Ilie, N., and B. Luca. "Curing quality in peripheral zones of large bulk-fill resin-composite fillings." Dental Materials 33 (2017): e39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2017.08.075.

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23

Hisamitsu, H. "A study on dye penetration methods of assessing adaptation of composite resin fillings to cavity wall." Journal of Dentistry 16, no. 3 (1988): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0300-5712(88)90021-8.

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24

Kowalska, Andrea, Jerzy Sokolowski, and Kinga Bociong. "The Photoinitiators Used in Resin Based Dental Composite—A Review and Future Perspectives." Polymers 13, no. 3 (2021): 470. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13030470.

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The presented paper concerns current knowledge of commercial and alternative photoinitiator systems used in dentistry. It discusses alternative and commercial photoinitiators and focuses on mechanisms of polymerization process, in vitro measurement methods and factors influencing the degree of conversion and hardness of dental resins. PubMed, Academia.edu, Google Scholar, Elsevier, ResearchGate and Mendeley, analysis from 1985 to 2020 were searched electronically with appropriate keywords. Over 60 articles were chosen based on relevance to this review. Dental light-cured composites are the mos
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25

Jaramillo-Cartagena, Robinson, Eider J. López-Galeano, Federico Latorre-Correa, and Andrés A. Agudelo-Suárez. "Effect of Polishing Systems on the Surface Roughness of Nano-Hybrid and Nano-Filling Composite Resins: A Systematic Review." Dentistry Journal 9, no. 8 (2021): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/dj9080095.

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Background: The polishing of surface roughness is an important characteristic of composite resins and is directly related to the longevity of the restoration and patient comfort. Different polishing systems utilize different protocols, as reported in the literature. This systematic review (SR) aimed to synthesize and analyze the available scientific evidence about the effect of polishing systems on the surface roughness of nano-hybrid and nano-filling composite resins. Methods: The study protocol of this SR was registered at the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews -PROSPER
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26

Firlej, Marcel, Daniel Pieniak, Agata M. Niewczas, et al. "Effect of Artificial Aging on Mechanical and Tribological Properties of CAD/CAM Composite Materials Used in Dentistry." Materials 14, no. 16 (2021): 4678. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14164678.

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With easy-to-process 3D printing materials and fast production, the quality of dental services can be improved. In the conventional procedure, the dentist makes temporary crowns directly in the patient’s mouth, e.g., from the most commonly used bis-acrylic composites. Temporary crowns made directly in the office without the use of CAD/CAM are often of inferior quality, which directly results in impaired hygiene, poorer masticatory mechanics, greater deposition of plaque, calculus and sediment, and may adversely affect periodontal and gum health. The mechanical strength, resistance to aging and
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27

Ilie, N., and BI Luca. "Efficacy of Modern Light Curing Units in Polymerizing Peripheral Zones in Simulated Large Bulk-fill Resin-composite Fillings." Operative Dentistry 43, no. 4 (2018): 416–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2341/17-095-l.

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SUMMARY The variation in micro-hardness (HV) within simulated large cavities (10 × 6 mm) filled in one increment with three bulk-fill resin-based composites (BF-RBC) was assessed by means of a universal hardness device. Modern blue and violet-blue light curing units (LCUs) were applied in three different positions, by rotating the LCU in 120° steps. The exposure distance was 3 mm. One center and two peripheral (4-mm apart from the center) HV line profiles were measured in 0.5-mm steps at 24 hours postpolymerization to calculate the depth of cure (DOC). Incident light, irradiance, and spectral
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28

Mickenautsch, Steffen, and Veerasamy Yengopal. "Failure Rate of Direct High-Viscosity Glass-Ionomer Versus Hybrid Resin Composite Restorations in Posterior Permanent Teeth - a Systematic Review." Open Dentistry Journal 9, no. 1 (2015): 438–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874210601509010438.

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Purpose Traditionally, resin composite restorations are claimed by reviews of the dental literature as being superior to glass-ionomer fillings in terms of restoration failures in posterior permanent teeth. The aim of this systematic review is to answer the clinical question, whether conventional high-viscosity glass-ionomer restorations, in patients with single and/or multi-surface cavities in posterior permanent teeth, have indeed a higher failure rate than direct hybrid resin composite restorations. Methods Eight databases were searched until December 02, 2013. Trials were assessed for bias
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Lins, Fernanda Carvalho Rezende, Raquel Conceição Ferreira, Rodrigo Richard Silveira, Carolina Nemésio Barros Pereira, Allyson Nogueira Moreira, and Claudia Silami Magalhães. "Surface Roughness, Microhardness, and Microleakage of a Silorane-Based Composite Resin after Immediate or Delayed Finishing/Polishing." International Journal of Dentistry 2016 (2016): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8346782.

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Objective. This study evaluated the effect of immediate or delayed finishing/polishing using different systems on the surface roughness, hardness, and microleakage of a silorane-based composite.Material and Methods. Specimens were made with silorane-based composite (Filtek P90, 3M ESPE) and assigned to the treatments: control (light-cured); aluminum oxide discs (Sof-Lex, 3M ESPE); diamond-impregnated silicone tips (Astropol, Ivoclar Vivadent); aluminum oxide-impregnated silicone tips (Enhance, Dentsply). Half of the specimens were finished/polished immediately and the rest after 7 days. Surfac
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Van Dijken, Jan W. V. "A clinical evaluation of anterior conventional, microflller, and hybrid composite resin fillings: A 6-year follow-up study." Acta Odontologica Scandinavica 44, no. 6 (1986): 357–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00016358609094346.

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Splieth, Christian H., Avijit Banerjee, Peter Bottenberg, et al. "How to Intervene in the Caries Process in Children: A Joint ORCA and EFCD Expert Delphi Consensus Statement." Caries Research 54, no. 4 (2020): 297–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000507692.

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This paper provides recommendations for dentists for the treatment of dental caries in children, with an emphasis on early childhood caries (ECC), primary teeth, and occlusal surfaces in permanent teeth. A consensus workshop followed by an e-Delphi consensus process was conducted with an expert panel nominated by the European Organization for Caries Research (ORCA) and European Federation of Conservative Dentistry (EFCD)/German Association of Conservative Dentistry (DGZ) boards. Based on 3 systematic reviews and a nonsystematic literature search, recommendations were developed. The caries decl
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Yadav, Rakesh Kumar, Umesh Pratap Verma, Rini Tiwari, and Akhilanand Chaurasia. "Mercury or Mercury Free Restorations in Oral Cavity." International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) 7, no. 3 (2018): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijphs.v7i3.14236.

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<span>Amalgam is basically a concoction of metals that has been used as a potent filling material in dentistry for the last 150 years. Amalgam usually consists of silver, mercury, tin and copper. Dental amalgam is a material used to fill cavities of tooth. Over the years, amalgam has become a topic of concern because it contains mercury. Mercury is a naturally occurring metal in the environment. Mercury exists as a liquid in room temperature but when heated, it becomes a gas. Flexibility of amalgam as a filling material is due Mercury. An alloy powder, a compound that is soft in nature w
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Günay, Ayşe, and Emin Caner Tümen. "Investigation of microleakage of polymerized with LED and halogen light devices four different restorative materials." International Dental Research 10, no. 3 (2020): 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5577/intdentres.2020.vol10.no3.2.

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Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro effects on microleakage of LED and halogen light devices used in the polymerization of monomer structure composite resins of different viscosities and inorganic filling particle size applied to standard class V cavities in primary teeth.
 Methodology: 80 non caries primary molar teeth with standard class v cavity on the buccal surfaces were used. The teeth were randomly divided into 4 main groups and restored with composite resins (Herculite® XRV, Ultra™, Filtek™ Silorane, Vertise™ Flow, Æliteflo™). Each group was divided into 2 sub-groups fo
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Kaczor, K., M. Krasowski, S. Lipa, J. Sokołowski, and A. Nowicka. "How Do the Etching Mode and Thermomechanical Loading Influence the Marginal Integrity of Universal Adhesives?" Operative Dentistry 45, no. 3 (2020): 306–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2341/19-002-l.

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SUMMARY Objective: This study evaluated the effect of etching mode and thermomechanical loading on universal adhesives. Methods and Materials: Two universal adhesives, Peak Universal and Adhese Universal, were used in two etching modes as the experimental groups: Peak Universal etch-and-rinse (PER), Peak Universal self-etch (PSE), Adhese Universal etch-and-rinse (AER), and Adhese Universal self-etch (ASE). Two adhesives considered gold standards were used as control groups: OptiBond FL (OER) was used as a control group for the etch-and-rinse (ER) mode, and Clearfil SE Bond (CSE) was used as a
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Shimatani, Y., A. Tsujimoto, WW Barkmeier, et al. "Simulated Cuspal Deflection and Flexural Properties of Bulk-Fill and Conventional Flowable Resin Composites." Operative Dentistry 45, no. 5 (2020): 537–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2341/18-160-l.

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Clinical Relevance Some bulk-fill flowable resin composites produce less cuspal deflection than a conventional incrementally filled flowable resin composites. SUMMARY Objective: This study investigated simulated cuspal deflection and flexural properties of bulk-fill and conventional flowable resin composites. Methods and Materials: Five bulk-fill and six conventional flowable resin composites were evaluated. Aluminium blocks with a mesio-occlusal-distal cavity were prepared and randomly divided into groups for each of the different measurement techniques and were further subdivided according t
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Farrugia, Cher, and Josette Camilleri. "Antimicrobial properties of conventional restorative filling materials and advances in antimicrobial properties of composite resins and glass ionomer cements—A literature review." Dental Materials 31, no. 4 (2015): e89-e99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2014.12.005.

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Taylor, Ryan C., Ashraf S. Ghoneim, and Edwin A. McGlumphy. "An Esthetic Technique to Fill Screw-Retained Fixed Prostheses." Journal of Oral Implantology 30, no. 6 (2004): 384–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1563/0681.1.

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Abstract Currently, many composite materials have been used in the filling of access openings for screw-retained implant prosthesis. The main disadvantage of these materials is the compromise in esthetics that they place on the implant crown. An additional disadvantage is leakage of bacterial contaminants around traditional light-cured composites placed in the screw access hole. This article introduces a technique that uses opaqueing composites and the expansion properties of panacea (Zeza Inc, Chester, NY) resin to help remedy these problems. The fabrication of the silicone obturator is expla
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Khan, Hannan Humayun, Mafaza Alam, Syed Muzammil Hussain Shah, Saman Mehmood, Ajmal Yousaf, and Pir Jawad Ali Shah. "A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF FREQUENCY OF RETENTION OF FLOWABLE NANOCLUSTER COMPOSITE AND RESIN MODIFIED GLASS IONOMER." PAFMJ 71, no. 1 (2021): 299–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v71i1.2598.

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Objective: To investigate and compare the retention rates of Flowable-Nanocluster-Composite and Resinmodified-Glass-Ionomers in non-carious cervical lesions in maxillary molars.
 Study Design: Prospective cross-sectional comparative study.
 Place and Duration of Study: Department of Operative Dentistry, Armed Forces Institute of Dentistry,Rawalpindi, from Jan 2017 to Dec 2018.
 Methodology: Male patients ranging from 30-40 years with moderate non-carious cervical lesions of maxillarypremolars and molars of either quadrant presenting to out-patient department were selected throug
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Benetti, AR, C. Havndrup-Pedersen, D. Honoré, MK Pedersen, and U. Pallesen. "Bulk-Fill Resin Composites: Polymerization Contraction, Depth of Cure, and Gap Formation." Operative Dentistry 40, no. 2 (2015): 190–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.2341/13-324-l.

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SUMMARY The bulk-filling of deep, wide dental cavities is faster and easier than traditional incremental restoration. However, the extent of cure at the bottom of the restoration should be carefully examined in combination with the polymerization contraction and gap formation that occur during the restorative procedure. The aim of this study, therefore, was to compare the depth of cure, polymerization contraction, and gap formation in bulk-fill resin composites with those of a conventional resin composite. To achieve this, the depth of cure was assessed in accordance with the International Org
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H.P.Hutagalung, Mangatas, Benarivo T Ginting, Sucy Erawati, Sri Yasa Hasibuan, and Cindy Amalia P. "The Difference of Composite Resin Compressive Strength with Sidikalang Coffee Soaking." Archives of The Medicine and Case Reports 2, no. 2 (2021): 172–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.37275/amcr.v2i2.490.

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Composite resin is a caries filling material. Generally, dentists choose this type of resin as a restoration material because this material has a high compressive strength. There are several factors that influence the compressive strength of composite resins, including beverages consumed such as coffee. This study aims to determine the difference in the compressive strength of the composite resin with Sidikalang coffee immersion in 9 hours, 27 hours and 54 hours immersion time. This type of research is experimental laboratories with posttest only control group design. The research sample was c
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Fronza, BM, APA Ayres, RR Pacheco, FA Rueggeberg, CTS Dias, and M. Giannini. "Characterization of Inorganic Filler Content, Mechanical Properties, and Light Transmission of Bulk-fill Resin Composites." Operative Dentistry 42, no. 4 (2017): 445–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2341/16-024-l.

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SUMMARY Objectives: The aims of this study were to characterize inorganic content (IC), light transmission (LT), biaxial flexural strength (BFS), and flexural modulus (FM) of one conventional (layered) and four bulk-fill composites at different depths. Methods: Bulk-fill composites tested were Surefil SDR flow (SDR), Filtek Bulk Fill (FBF), Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill (TEC), and EverX Posterior (EXP). Herculite Classic (HER) was used as a control. Energy dispersive x-ray analysis and scanning electron microscopy were used to characterize filler particle composition and morphology. The LT through
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Alonso, V., M. Caserio, and IL Darriba. "Use of Transparent Tips for Obtaining Tight Proximal Contacts in Direct Class II Composite Resin Restorations." Operative Dentistry 44, no. 5 (2019): 446–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2341/17-112-t.

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SUMMARY This article describes the clinical technique of using the transparent plastic tips of the LM-Contact Former system for obtaining tight proximal contacts in direct Class II composite resin restorations using noncontoured circumferential matrix bands. With this technique, the composite resin is pressed with the tip, which adapts intimately to the walls of the proximal box. Moreover, the total working time is reduced by filling the cavity, which remains after removing the transparent tip, with a bulk-fill flowable resin-based composite.
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Terkla, L. G., A. C. Brown, A. P. Hainisch, and J. C. Mitchem. "Testing Sealing Properties of Restorative Materials Against Moist Dentin." Journal of Dental Research 66, no. 12 (1987): 1758–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00220345870660121201.

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The objectives of this investigation were (1) to develop a sensitive laboratory system that simulates the physiological and clinical conditions of a prepared human tooth in order to facilitate the determination of the bonding and sealing efficacies of restorative dental materials and (2) to conduct experiments with two dentin bonding agents, two posterior composite resin restorative materials (hybrid and micro filled), and a glass-ionomer type II filling material. The system functioned well and provided data to indicate that, after margination, the two posterior composite resin restorative mat
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Elhejazi, Ahmed A. "The Effects of Temperature and Light Intensity on the Polymerization Shrinkage of Light-cured Composite Filling Materials." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 7, no. 3 (2006): 12–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jcdp-7-3-12.

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Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of light intensity on polymerization shrinkage of resin composites. The five materials tested were Lite-Fil (A) (LFA), Lite-Fil (P) (LFP), Z100, Palfique, (PAL) and Tetric (TRC). Two types of measurements were made to determine the effects of environmental temperature and light intensity. Results were analyzed by two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Newman-Keuls procedure at (P<0.05). The changes in temperature and/or light intensity strongly affected composite shrinkage. The amount of shrinkage for LFP at 100% light intensity
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Garoushi, Sufyan, Enas Mangoush, Mangoush Vallittu, and Lippo Lassila. "Short Fiber Reinforced Composite: a New Alternative for Direct Onlay Restorations." Open Dentistry Journal 7, no. 1 (2013): 181–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874210601307010181.

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Objectives: To determine the static load-bearing capacity of direct composite onlay restorations made of novel filling composite resin system which combines short fiber-reinforced composite resin (FC) and conventional particulate filler composite resin (PFC). Methods: Three groups of onlay restorations were fabricated (n = 8/group); Group A: made from conventional particulate filler composite resin (Z250, 3M-ESPE, USA, control), Group B: made from short fiber-reinforced composite resin (EverX posterior, StickTeck Ltd, member of GC group, Turku, Finland) as substructure with 1 mm surface layer
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Kim, ME, and SH Park. "Comparison of Premolar Cuspal Deflection in Bulk or in Incremental Composite Restoration Methods." Operative Dentistry 36, no. 3 (2011): 326–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2341/10-315-l.

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SUMMARY Objectives This study examined the cuspal deflection of maxillary premolars when either a bulk filling or incremental filling technique was employed using a range of composites with different elastic moduli. Methods Four brands of composite materials, Heliomolar (HM, Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein), Heliomolar HB (HH, Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein), Filtec Supreme XT (FS, 3M Dental Product, St Paul, MN, USA), and Renew (RN, Bisco Inc, Schaumburg, IL, USA), as well as three filling techniques, bulk filling, two-layer incremental filling, and three-layer incremental fi
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Sampaio, CS, K.-J. Chiu, E. Farrokhmanesh, et al. "Microcomputed Tomography Evaluation of Polymerization Shrinkage of Class I Flowable Resin Composite Restorations." Operative Dentistry 42, no. 1 (2017): E16—E23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2341/15-296-l.

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SUMMARY The present study aimed to characterize the pattern and volume of polymerization shrinkage of flowable resin composites, including one conventional, two bulk fill, and one self-adhesive. Standardized class I preparations (2.5 mm depth × 4 mm length × 4 mm wide) were performed in 24 caries-free human third molars that were randomly divided in four groups, according to the resin composite and adhesive system used: group 1 = Permaflo + Peak Universal Bond (PP); group 2 = Filtek Bulk Fill + Scotchbond Universal (FS); group 3 = Surefil SDR + XP Bond (SX); and group 4 = Vertise flow self-adh
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RUD, J., V. RUD, and E. MUNKSGAARD. "Retrograde root filling with dentin-bonded modified resin composite." Journal of Endodontics 22, no. 9 (1996): 477–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0099-2399(96)80082-3.

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Helmi Fathurrahman Hanafie, Eko Hadianto, Liftia Layyinatus Syifa,. "PENGARUH FRAKSI VOLUME FIBER SISAL (Agave sisalana) TERHADAP KEKUATAN FLEKSURAL RESIN KOMPOSIT." ODONTO : Dental Journal 5, no. 2 (2018): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/odj.5.2.139-144.

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Background: Composite resin is filling material that used in dentistry fieldbecause of good aesthetic. Use of fiber as reinforced composite resin (FRC)begins to be developed because it has a lot of functions, such as increasestrength, stiffness, material hardness from fracture, and decrease shrinkage.Fiber composite resin has syntetic characteristic and needs chemical processalso has an expensive price. Therefore, natural fiber is easier to find, cheaper and can be developed as an alternative substitute of syntetic fiber. One of the natural alternative is sisal fiber. This study aims to know t
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Bonson, S., B. G. Jeansonne, and T. E. Lallier. "Root-end Filling Materials Alter Fibroblast Differentiation." Journal of Dental Research 83, no. 5 (2004): 408–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154405910408300511.

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Root-end filling materials are commonly used following endodontic surgical procedures; however, their effect on adjacent soft tissues is poorly understood. We predict that, due to the differences in their chemical composition, these materials will have profoundly different effects on the survival and differentiation of fibroblasts. Many of the root-end filling materials examined were initially cytotoxic to both PDL and gingival fibroblasts in co-culture experiments; however, this was reduced after the materials were washed in either mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) or hybrid ionomere composite
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