Livros: "Functional depth"

1

Cathro, Jo. Functional and healthy foods: In-depth review of UK consumer attitudes. Market Intelligence Section, 1995.

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2

River, Laura-Marie. Functionally Ill: Revelations. Laura-Marie, 2019.

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3

United States. General Accounting Office. General Government Division. Commerce's trade functions. The Office, 1995.

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4

Montero, Rosa. The Delta Function. University of Nebraska Press, 1991.

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5

New York (State). Dept. of Environmental Conservation. Organization and function book. The Department, 1993.

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6

River, Laura-Marie. Functionally Ill: To Help Yourself & Others. Laura-Marie, 2019.

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7

River, Laura-Marie. Functionally Ill: More Vibrant Than Usual. Laura-Marie, 2020.

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8

A, Hitt Michael, and Marketing Science Institute, eds. The birth, life and death of a cross-functional new product design team. Marketing Science Institute, 1996.

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9

Wingquist, Carl F. Bit wear-flat temperature as a function of depth of cut and speed. U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, 1987.

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10

R, Maio Gregory, and Olson James M. 1953-, eds. Why we evaluate: Functions of attitudes. Lawrence Erlbaum, 2000.

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11

Håkon, Roland, and Prusac Marina, eds. Death and changing rituals: Function and meaning in ancient funerary practices. Oxbow Books, 2014.

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12

Kaul, Sunil C. Mortalin Biology: Life, Stress and Death. Springer Netherlands, 2012.

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13

Hennigan, Shauna M. The effects of transendothelial migration on neutrophil function and programmed cell death. University College Dublin, 1996.

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14

author, Brown Graham, and Skalberg Neale author, eds. Death of the salesman: Reinvent your sales function to create competitive adventage. Monterey Press, 2013.

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15

Kosiorowski, Daniel. Statystyczne funkcje głębi w odpornej analizie ekonomicznej: The statistical functions of depth in robust economic analysis. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego w Krakowie, 2012.

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16

Development, Texas Legislature Senate Interim Committee on Economic. Interim report, monitoring the functions of the Texas Department of Commerce. The Committee, 1992.

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17

Balogun, M. O. Preventing sudden cardiac death: The role of non-invasive assessment of heart function. Obafemi Awolowo University Press, 2004.

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18

Leigh, Skaggs L., and U.S. Army Engineer Institute for Water Resources, eds. Catalog of residential depth-damage functions used by the Army Corps of Engineers in flood damage estimations. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Water Resources Support Center, Institute for Water Resources, 1992.

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19

Division, United States Dept of Housing and Urban Development Publications and Awareness. Missions, functions, and organization of the Office of Inspector General. U.S. Dept. of Housing and Urban Development, Office of Inspector General, Office of Management and Policy, Publications and Awareness Division, 1992.

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20

United States. Dept. of Energy. Office of Audit Services. Audit report: Washington Savannah River Company, LLC, internal audit function. U.S. Dept. of Energy, Office of Inspector General, 2009.

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21

Virginia. General Assembly. Joint Legislative Audit & Review Commission. Feasibility of consolidating Virginia's wildlife resource functions. The Commission, 1996.

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22

Horton, Dennis J. Death & resurrection: The shape and function of a literary motif in the book of Acts. Pickwick Publications, 2009.

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23

Muñoz, George E., and Isabella Leoni Garcia. Functional Medicine Approach to Addiction. Edited by Shahla J. Modir and George E. Muñoz. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190275334.003.0018.

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The functional medicine protocol complements and enhances the traditional approach to recovery. Seen from a functional medicine perspective, the path to substance/and or food addiction recovery involves a multimodal approach. It shifts the focus from the imbalances in the brain and neurotransmitters to treat the whole person. It does so by considering the metabolic, hormonal, psychologic, immunologic, and neurologic functions that have been disturbed by addiction and that further perpetuate the inflammatory state of active addiction and during recovery phases. The gut-brain axis is reviewed from all aspects. Specific microbiome interventions, micronutrient, and vitamin deficiency support is reviewed. These interventions can be addressed through lifestyle modifications (including stress-reduction techniques), nutrition, supplementation, and in-depth case protocols, which will be further reviewed in the chapter.

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24

Baillo, Amparo, Antonio Cuevas, and Ricardo Fraiman. Classification methods for functional data. Edited by Frédéric Ferraty and Yves Romain. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199568444.013.10.

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This article reviews the literature concerning supervised and unsupervised classification of functional data. It first explains the meaning of unsupervised classification vs. supervised classification before discussing the supervised classification problem in the infinite-dimensional case, showing that its formal statement generally coincides with that of discriminant analysis in the classical multivariate case. It then considers the optimal classifier and plug-in rules, empirical risk and empirical minimization rules, linear discrimination rules, the k nearest neighbor (k-NN) method, and kernel rules. It also describes classification based on partial least squares, classification based on reproducing kernels, and depth-based classification. Finally, it examines unsupervised classification methods, focusing on K-means for functional data, K-means for data in a Hilbert space, and impartial trimmed K-means for functional data. Some practical issues, in particular real-data examples and simulations, are reviewed and some selected proofs are given.

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25

Kereki, Federico. Mastering JavaScript Functional Programming: In-depth guide for writing robust and maintainable JavaScript code in ES8 and beyond. Packt Publishing, 2017.

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26

Alexiadou, Artemis, and Terje Lohndal. On the division of labor between roots and functional structure. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198767886.003.0004.

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This chapter argues that there is a typology of languages according to how much meaning a root encodes independently of its syntactic categorization. This typology is illustrated by an in-depth discussion of three languages: English, Greek, and Hebrew. Hebrew is argued to represent one end of the scale where the root encodes a minimal and highly abstract meaning. English represents the other end where the root has a severely restricted meaning. The two languages differ in terms of the role of functional morphology, which is crucial in Hebrew but not at all a central part of English. Greek is important in the sense that the language falls in between English and Hebrew: it has some highly general and abstract roots, and it has some roots with highly determined and specified meanings.

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27

Maltisovs, Matīss. Operating Methods of High Voltage Bistable Smart Glass Electronics Systems. RTU Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.7250/9789934227448.

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The Thesis focuses on Smectic-A (SmA) liquid crystals' (LCs) functional behaviour in order to understand if this will be the next generation product that could improve the daily life of the society. The optical properties of this liquid crystal are by far the best compared to the products available in the market, i.e., the light transmittance in transparent state is >85 % and in scatter state <2 %. Enabling the LC to be used for a variety of purposes, such as smart windows to scatter light on a sunny day or provide a sense of privacy in an open type office space. An in-depth literature review discusses the existing studies, obtained experimental data and attempts to develop functional products. The main unresolved problems are highlighted, described in detail and solutions are offered. In order to understand the potential of SmA LC in the smart glass/window technology, analysis of existing products was performed, a summary of an active smart glass/windows provided, and a comparative study between them was made. In addition, an in-depth study of long-term functional stability was performed during which the most popular types of defects were listed and analysed. Solutions for defect elimination and recommendations for optimization of switching systems and production processes are provided. A methodology for determining the electrical parameters of an LC has been developed in order to create an electrical simulation model and facilitate the development of electronic switching systems.

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Lei, Yuan. Special Ventilation Functions. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198784975.003.0010.

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‘Special Ventilation Functions’ examines those hard-to-classify features such as standby; sigh; temporary oxygen enrichment or 100% O2; apnoea backup or apnoea ventilation; and tube resistance compensation, also known as tube compensation or automatic tube compensation. It describes each function in depth, including indications for use and details on typical implementations, providing examples from popular ventilators.

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Seeck, Margitta, and Donald L. Schomer. Intracranial EEG Monitoring. Edited by Donald L. Schomer and Fernando H. Lopes da Silva. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190228484.003.0029.

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Intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG) is used to localize the focus of seizures and determine vital adjacent cortex before epilepsy surgery. The two most commonly used electrode types are subdural and depth electrodes. Foramen ovale electrodes are less often used. Combinations of electrode types are possible. The choice depends on the presumed focus site. Careful planning is needed before implantation, taking into account the results of noninvasive studies. While subdural recordings allow better mapping of functional cortex, depth electrodes can reach deep structures. There are no guidelines on how to read ictal intracranial EEG recordings, but a focal onset (<5 contacts) and a high-frequency onset herald a good prognosis. High-frequency oscillations have been described as a potential biomarker of the seizure onset zone. Intracranial recordings provide a focal but magnified view of the brain, which is also exemplified by the use of microelectrodes, which allow the recording of single-unit or multi-unit activity.

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30

Aikhenvald, Alexandra Y., and R. M. W. Dixon, eds. Commands. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198803225.001.0001.

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This book focuses on the form and the function of commands—directive speech acts such as pleas, entreaties, and orders—from a typological perspective. A team of internationally renowned experts in the field examine the interrelationship of these speech acts with cultural stereotypes and practices, as well as their origins and development, especially in the light of language contact. The volume begins with an introduction outlining the marking and the meaning of imperatives and other ways of expressing commands and directives. Each of the chapters that follow then offers an in-depth analysis of commands in a particular language. These analyses are cast in terms of ‘basic linguistic theory’—a cumulative typological functional framework—and the chapters are arranged and structured in a way that allows useful comparison between them. The languages investigated include Quechua, Japanese, Lao, Aguaruna and Ashaninka Satipo (both from Peru), Dyirbal (from Australia), Zenzontepec Chatino (from Mexico), Nungon, Tayatuk, and Karawari (from Papua New Guinea), Korowai (from West Papua), Wolaitta (from Ethiopia), and Northern Paiute (a native language of the United States).

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31

Life Science in Depth: Cells and Cell Function. Heinemann Educational Books - Libra, 2005.

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32

Boules, Adel N. Fundamentals of Mathematical Analysis. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198868781.001.0001.

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Fundamentals of Mathematical Analysis is a beginning graduate textbook on real and functional analysis, with a substantial component on topology. The three leading chapters furnish background information on the real and complex number fields, a concise introduction to set theory, and a rigorous treatment of vector spaces. Instructors can choose material from this part as their students’ background warrants. Chapter 4 is the spine of the book and is essential for an effective reading of the rest of the book. It is an extensive study of metric spaces, including the core topics of completeness, compactness, and function spaces, with a good number of applications. The remaining chapters consist of an introduction to general topology, a classical treatment of Banach and Hilbert spaces, the elements of operator theory, and a deep account of measure and integration theories. Several courses can be based on the book. The entire book is suitable for a two-semester course on analysis, and material can be chosen to design one-semester courses on topology, real analysis, or functional analysis. The book is designed as an accessible classical introduction to the subject, aims to achieve excellent breadth and depth, and contains an abundance of examples and exercises. The topics are carefully sequenced, the proofs are detailed, and the writing style is clear and concise. The only prerequisites assumed are a thorough understanding of undergraduate real analysis and linear algebra, and a degree of mathematical maturity.

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33

Warburton, Darren E. R., Lindsay Nettlefold, K. Ashlee McGuire, and Shannon S. D. Bredin. Cardiovascular function. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199232482.003.0007.

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The physiological adaptations to exercise training have been evaluated extensively in children and youth. In particular, considerable research has examined the changes in cardiovascular function that occur with aerobic exercise training. Various indicators of cardiovascular function have been assessed at rest and during exercise. Many of these measures have important implications from performance and health-related perspectives. Owing to the importance of oxygen (O2) transport for human performance and health, this chapter reviews comprehensively the varied non-invasive and invasive methods of assessing cardiac function including an in-depth evaluation of the limitations and strengths of each methodology. Specific reference is given to the applicability and ease of usage of each technology with young people. This chapter also deals extensively with the evaluation of cardiovascular regulation and vascular function owing to their role in optimal exercise performance and health.

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34

Chakera, Aron, William G. Herrington, and Christopher A. O’Callaghan. Normal renal function. Edited by Patrick Davey and David Sprigings. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199568741.003.0155.

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The kidney is a vital organ with multiple functions. Without kidney function, death will occur in a matter of days. Fortunately, several forms of effective renal replacement therapy are available. This chapter gives a concise introduction to basic urinary tract structure, kidney/glomerulus/tubular function and assessment of kidney function.

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35

Schlieter, Jens. The Religious Functions of Near-Death Experiences. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190888848.003.0022.

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This final chapter secures the result of the survey by discussing the religious functions of near-death experiences for affected individuals, but also the functions of the reports for the audience. It outlines (a) ontological, (b) epistemic, (c) intersubjective, and (d) moral aspects. It has been argued that experiencers feel closer to God, are less attracted to religion, and are significantly more inclined to believe in life after death. A function of the narratives consists in the claim that, in atheistic and secular times, individual religious experience is still possible. Several reports argue with a copresence of life and death. Discussing cognitivist approaches, the chapter finally concludes that, given the Latin etymology of “experience,” harboring, among others, the meaning of “being exposed to danger” or “passing a test,” near-death experiences can be seen as a match for conceptions of religious experience as a transformative, gained by surviving a life-threatening danger.

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36

Camacho, Alejandro, and Robert Glicksman. Reorganizing Government. NYU Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479829675.001.0001.

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Reorganizing Government seeks to transform how policymakers and scholars understand relationships between government institutions, and offers a pioneering model for constructing and assessing government authority. Regulation is frequently less successful than it could be. This is at least partly because the relationships among regulatory institutions are poorly understood and regulatory structures are routinely poorly designed. The book advances a framework for assessing how governmental authority may be structured along three dimensions-centralization, overlap, and coordination-and demonstrates how differentiating among these dimensions and among particular governmental functions (e.g., standard setting, enforcement) better illuminates the tradeoffs of organizational alternatives. It illustrates these neglected dimensional and functional aspects of interjurisdictional relations through six in-depth explorations involving securities and banking regulation, food safety, environmental protection, and terrorism prevention. In each case study, the authors explore how differentiating among dimensions, and among particular governmental functions, better illuminates the advantages and disadvantages of available structural options. (Re)Organizing Government thus offers a way for officials and scholars to evaluate both adopted and contemplated allocations of authority and to structure intergovernmental authority more effectively. It uses the lens of climate change, an emerging and vital global policy challenge, to illustrate the practical value of applying the book's novel analytical framework to future reorganization efforts. The book concludes by proposing an "adaptive governance" infrastructure that provides a way for policymakers to embed the creation, evaluation, and adjustment of the organization of regulatory institutions into the democratic process itself.

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Banerjee, Ashis, and Clara Oliver. Psychiatric emergencies. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198786870.003.0018.

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Psychiatry frequently appears in the Intermediate FRCEM short-answer question (SAQ) paper, reflecting the Royal College of Emergency Medicine (RCEM) curriculum. In-depth knowledge of different mental health problems is not required but this chapter includes the pertinent points to risk assessment and self-harm, as well as the management of a violent patient. In addition, this chapter summarizes the types of mental health disorder and differentiation between functional and organic disorders; for example, the differential diagnosis of an acutely confused adult. NICE guidance on the management of self-harm and suicide risk has recently changed and this chapter reflects recent guidance. This chapter also summarizes the associated complications of psychiatric medications including serotonin syndrome and the potentially fatal neuroleptic malignant syndrome.

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38

Fisher, Gary L. Understanding Why Addicts Are Not All Alike. ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798216030089.

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A new understanding of substance abuse explores treatment issues based on subtypes of addicts, with a special focus on antisocial personality disorder and functional addiction. Professionals in the treatment of substance abuse have long recognized the dismal success rate in addressing this pervasive problem. A fresh view of addiction may offer long-sought answers. Intervention and treatment strategies can be made more effective, maintains veteran addiction educator and psychologist Gary L. Fisher, through identification of addict subtypes. That is the goal of Understanding Why Addicts Are Not All Alike: Recognizing the Types and How Their Differences Affect Intervention and Treatment. The book provides an in-depth, research-based analysis of three specific subtypes of substance abusers: addicts who fit the disease model, addicts with antisocial personality disorder, and functional addicts those who lead otherwise successful lives. Particular attention is paid to the latter two groups, which have not been adequately studied previously. Characteristics of the three subtypes are illustrated through case studies that clearly demonstrate how subtype impacts prevention, intervention, and treatment. Most important, the book recommends practical intervention and treatment strategies that will enable concerned parties to identify and help each of these distinct groups.

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39

DOE management: Functional support costs at DOE facilities. The Office, 1998.

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40

translator, Taylor Sam 1970, ed. The seventh function of language. Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2017.

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41

Taylor, Arlene G., David P. Miller, and Daniel N. Joudrey. Introduction to Cataloging and Classification. Libraries Unlimited, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400671975.

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A new edition of this best-selling textbook reintroduces the topic of library cataloging from a fresh, modern perspective. Not many books merit an eleventh edition, but this popular text does. Newly updated,Introduction to Cataloging and Classificationprovides an introduction to descriptive cataloging based on contemporary standards, explaining the basic tenets to readers without previous experience, as well as to those who merely want a better understanding of the process as it exists today. The text opens with the foundations of cataloging, then moves to specific details and subject matter such as Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR), Functional Requirements for Authority Data (FRAD), the International Cataloging Principles (ICP), and RDA. Unlike other texts, the book doesn't presume a close familiarity with the MARC bibliographic or authorities formats; ALA'sAnglo-American Cataloging Rules, 2nd Edition, revised (AACR2R); or the International Standard Bibliographic Description (ISBD). Subject access to library materials is covered in sufficient depth to make the reader comfortable with the principles and practices of subject cataloging and classification. In addition, the book introduces MARC, BIBFRAME, and other approaches used to communicate and display bibliographic data. Discussions of formatting, presentation, and administrative issues complete the book; questions useful for review and study appear at the end of each chapter.

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Martins, Ana Maria, and Adriana Cardoso, eds. Word Order Change. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198747307.001.0001.

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This book is a collection of thirteen detailed studies on word order change within the framework of diachronic generative syntax. An initial chapter contextualizes them and introduces the theme in order to make clear from the onset its relevance and appeal. The sample of languages investigated is diverse and displays significant historical depth. Different branches of the Indo-European family are represented both through classical and living languages, namely: a wide range of Early Indo-European languages (Sanskrit, Greek, Indic, Avestan, Hittite, Tocharian, among others), Romance languages (Latin, Italian, European Portuguese, Brazilian Portuguese), Germanic languages (Dutch, English), and a Celtic language (Irish). Besides, three chapters are dedicated to Hungarian and one chapter deals with Coptic Egyptian. The essays in the book use the tools provided by the generative theory of grammar to investigate the constrained ways in which older linguistic variants give rise to new ones in the course of time, with the aim of contributing insights into the properties of natural language. Two ingredients of the generative framework make it especially appropriate to deal with word order phenomena, namely movement as a syntactic operation (embedded in the theory of grammar) and a richly articulated clausal architecture composed with lexical but also abstract functional categories. This collective volume is unique in the way it provides through in-depth language-internal or comparative studies new perspectives on the relation between word order change and syntactic movement, under the constraints imposed by particular instantiations of clausal architecture.

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Shah, Chirag D., and Maunak V. Rana. Advances in Dorsal Column Stimulation. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190626761.003.0017.

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Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) has been a long established therapy for various pain conditions including low back pain, failed back surgery syndrome, complex regional pain syndrome, and other neuropathic and nociceptive pain states. Since the first report of SCS in 1967 by Shealy, advances have occurred in the technology used to achieve clinical analgesia. Developments in both the hardware and software involved have led to significant improvements in functional specificity, as seen in dorsal root ganglion stimulation, along with increasing breadth and depth of the field of neuromodulation. The patient experience during the implantation of the systems, as well as post-procedurally has been enhanced with improvements in programming. These technological improvements have been validated in quality evidenced-based medicine: what was a static area now is a dynamic field, with neuromodulation poised to allow physicians and patients more viable options for better pain control for chronic painful conditions.

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Mellman, Thomas A. Sleep and PTSD. Edited by Charles B. Nemeroff and Charles R. Marmar. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190259440.003.0023.

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The Chapter reviews two long standing concerns of sleep research in PTSD. The first is characterizing dysregulations of arousal that manifest in relation to sleep including disturbances of sleep initiation, maintenance, and depth. The other is characterizing nightmare disturbances in PTSD and establishing the role of the neurophysiological substrate of dreams, rapid eye movement sleep (REMS), in the disorder. While there has been uncertainty and controversy regarding these issues, a comprehensive look at findings and their context (e.g. duration of PTSD, setting of recordings) allows some reconciliation of findings. Recent developments include assessment of autonomic balance during sleep and application of functional brain imaging. Emerging research on the role of sleep, particularly REMS, on emotional learning has been linked to PTSD. Treatments specifically targeting nightmares and other sleep disruptions, such as the alpha adrenergic antagonist prazosin and imagery rehearsal therapy, continue to be developed and evaluated.

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South, Mikle, John D. Herrington, and Sarah J. Paterson. Neuroimaging in Autism Spectrum Disorders. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199744312.003.0003.

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This chapter reviews several major themes in the neuroimaging of ASDs to date (see summary of representative themes in Table 3.1), including substantial and essential contributions from the modular framework. The chapter begins, however, with a discussion of several challenges related to the diversity of ASDs in terms of factors such as age, level of functioning, and symptom presentation. Progress in the ability to identify more homogenous subgroups, based on targeted phenotypic measures, opens the door to link neuroimaging with genetics findings and also with treatment outcome data. This should lead to better understanding of both the causes of ASDs and the best approaches to intervention. The chapter is divided according to two broad, related themes related to social information processing and cognitive factors in ASDs. Within these themes, the chapter considers evidence from both structural and functional imaging studies as well as relatively newer approaches to connectivity, including diffusion tensor imaging. The primary focus of this chapter is on research utilizing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and electroencephalography (EEG). Although several early neuroimaging studies utilized positron emission tomography scanning, these studies are rare now and are not addressed in depth. New techniques such as near-infrared spectroscopy suggest tremendous promise for noninvasive imaging of expanded age groups and severity levels of ASDs; however, these studies are also few in number and are touched on only briefly.

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Baunaz, Lena, Liliane Haegeman, Karen De Clercq, and Eric Lander, eds. Exploring Nanosyntax. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190876746.001.0001.

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By offering the first in-depth introduction to the framework of nanosyntax, Exploring Nanosyntax fills a major gap in the current theoretical literature. Originating within the generative Principles and Parameters tradition in the study of language, nanosyntax was developed starting in the early 2000s by Michal Starke. Deploying a radical implementation of the cartographic “one feature–one head” maxim, the framework aims at a fine-grained decomposition of morphosyntactic structure, thus laying bare the building blocks of the universal functional sequence. This volume aims at making three contributions. First, it presents the framework’s constitutive tools and principles and explains how nanosyntax relates to cartography and to Distributed Morphology. Second, the volume illustrates how nanosyntactic tools and principles can be applied within a range of empirical domains of natural language. In doing so, the volume provides a range of detailed and crosslinguistic investigations that uncover novel empirical data and that contribute to a better understanding of the functional sequence. Finally, new theoretical strands internal to the nanosyntactic framework are explored, with specific problems raised and discussed. The volume contains original contributions by senior and junior researchers in the field and constitutes an ideal handbook for advanced students and researchers in linguistics. Above all, Exploring Nanosyntax offers the first encompassing view of this promising framework, making its methodology and exciting results accessible to a wide audience.

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Eileen, Denza. End of Diplomatic Functions. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198703969.003.0050.

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This chapter analyses Article 43 of the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations which discusses the end of diplomatic functions. According to the Article, the function of a diplomatic agent comes to an end, inter alia: (a) on notification by the sending State to the receiving State that the function of the diplomatic agent has come to an end; (b) on notification by the receiving State to the sending State that, in accordance with Article 9, it refuses to recognize the diplomatic agent as a member of the mission. The chapter also looks into how conflict can end the functions of a diplomatic agent. A change of government on either side not involving the Head of State, or the constitutional replacement of an elected Head of State following his death, resignation, or the end of his term of office does not on the other hand automatically end the function of the diplomatic agent.

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Wise, Matt, and Paul Frost. Brain death. Edited by Patrick Davey and David Sprigings. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199568741.003.0154.

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Mechanical ventilation has made it possible for the heart to continue to beat and perfuse other organs even when the brain is dead. This means that death can be diagnosed in two distinct ways: first, in the traditional manner, as permanent cessation of cardiorespiratory function; and, second, while the patient is ventilated, as brain death (BD). In 1976 the Conference of Medical Royal Colleges and their Faculties in the United Kingdom, in a statement on the diagnosis of BD, recognized the brainstem as the centre of brain activity, without which life was not possible. Brainstem death (BSD) occurs when there is complete, irreversible loss of brainstem function, that is, irreversible loss of the capacity for consciousness, coupled with irreversible loss of the capacity to breathe. In the UK, the terms BD and BSD are used interchangeably and are legally synonymous with somatic death. This chapter covers examination for BSD, complications, diagnosis, investigation, and actions arising after BSD, as well as a definition of BD.

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Lanctot, Krista, and André Aleman. Apathy. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198841807.001.0001.

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Apathy is characterized by loss of motivation, decreased initiative, and emotional blunting. It is highly prevalent in neurological and psychiatric disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease, traumatic brain injury, schizophrenia, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, cerebrovascular disorders, and mild behavioural impairment. It has negative outcomes including impairments in activities of daily living, caregiver burden, and higher rates of institutionalization and mortality. The definition of apathy has changed over the years alongside the development of diagnostic criteria and apathy scales and measurements. Apathy is emerging as a treatment target with interest in pharmacological, non-pharmacological, and neuromodulatory treatments for apathy. There is also an increased understanding of the neurobiology of apathy with functional and structural neuroimaging research studies. This book is a comprehensive, in-depth review from experts in neurology and psychiatry. It examines the current state of apathy in these various disorders while also summarizing apathy diagnostic criteria, scales and measurements, neuropathology, and treatments.

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Swift, Ellen, Jo Stoner, and April Pudsey. A Social Archaeology of Roman and Late Antique Egypt. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198867340.001.0001.

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The first in-depth study of the society and culture of Roman and late antique Egypt that uses everyday artefacts as its principal source of evidence, this book transforms our understanding of many aspects of its society and culture. It represents a fundamental reference work for scholars, with much new and essential information on a wide range of artefacts, many of which are found not only in Egypt, but also in the wider Roman and late antique world. It also sets out a new interpretation of everyday life and aspects of social relations in Egypt in the period under study. By taking a social archaeology approach, it contributes substantial insights into everyday practices and their social meanings in the past. Artefacts from UCL’s Petrie Museum of Egyptian Archaeology are the principal source of evidence. Most of these objects have not been the subject of any previous research. The book integrates the close study of artefact features with other sources of evidence, including papyri and visual material. There are two principal parts to the book, Part I: ‘Exploring the Social Functions of Dress Objects’, and Part II: ‘The Domestic Realm and Everyday Experience’. An important theme is the life course, and how both dress-related artefacts and ordinary functional objects construct age and gender-related status, and facilitate appropriate social relations and activities. There is also a particular focus on wider social experience in the domestic context. Other topics covered include economic and social changes across the period studied.

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