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Artigos de revistas sobre o tema "Household expenditures"

Autor: Grafiati
Publicado: 4 de junho de 2021
Última modificação: 31 de janeiro de 2023

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1

Cui, Qi, and Jikun Huang. "Food expenditure responses to income/expenditure shocks in rural China." China Agricultural Economic Review 9, no. 1 (2017): 2–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/caer-01-2016-0006.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the impacts of large income and expenditure shocks on household food expenditures and determines whether the impacts of large shocks differ among households, especially low-income households. Design/methodology/approach The study’s data are drawn from a household survey conducted in rural China. Multivariate analysis examines the impacts of large income and expenditure shocks on food expenditures. Findings The impacts of large positive income shocks on food expenditure are moderate. However, households reduce their per capita food expenditures wi
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Wuryandari, Ratna Dewi. "FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENGELUARAN MAKANAN, PENDIDIKAN, DAN KESEHATAN RUMAH TANGGA INDONESIA (ANALISIS DATA SUSENAS 2011)." Jurnal Kependudukan Indonesia 10, no. 1 (2015): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/jki.v10i1.53.

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The objective of this study is to analyze the effect of socio-demographic and socio-economic variables and location of residence on household expenditures for food, education, and health. Regression analysis shows that household life cycle stages, household size and residential areas have consistent effect on the proportion of food expenditure, education expenditure and health expenditure. Larger household size increases proportion of food expenditure, education expenditure and health expenditure. Stages child household and third generation household have the highest influence on education exp
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LEPEYKO, Tetiana, and Inna KOZLOVA. "FACTORS OF INFLUENCE ON HOUSEHOLD INVESTMENT BEHAVIOR UNDER UNCERTAINTY." Ukrainian Journal of Applied Economics 5, no. 4 (2020): 238–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.36887/2415-8453-2020-4-28.

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Introduction. The basis of economic development in any country is the investment activity of economic entities. To increase investment activity in the country, it is necessary to involve households in investment activities, which can significantly increase the level of investment at all levels through active investment behavior. The purpose of the research is to analyze the impact of factors on the households’ investment behavior in conditions of uncertainty, which is realized by analysis of the main sources of households’ investment activity at the macro, meso and micro levels; study of the c
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Irfany, Mohammad Iqbal, and Stephan Klasen. "Affluence and emission tradeoffs: evidence from Indonesian households' carbon footprint." Environment and Development Economics 22, no. 5 (2017): 546–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x17000262.

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AbstractThis study estimates Indonesian households’ carbon emissions that are attributed to their expenditures in 2005 and 2009 to analyze the pattern, distribution and drivers of their carbon footprint. Employing an input-output-emission-expenditure framework, the authors find a significant difference in household carbon emissions between different affluence levels, regions and educational levels. They also find that, while many household characteristics influence emissions, total expenditure is by far the most important determinant of household emissions, both across households and over time
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Jaafar, Hafiz, Nur Amalina Abd Laziz, Muslimah Ithnin, and Amirah Azzeri. "Assessing the Impact of Out-of-Pocket Expenditures for Prevention of COVID-19 Infection on Households: Evidence From Malaysia." INQUIRY: The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision, and Financing 58 (January 2021): 004695802110624. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00469580211062402.

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COVID-19 infection resulted in significant economic implications to patients as well as a considerable financial burden to the general population for preventive measures. A descriptive study was conducted among staff at one of the public universities in Malaysia to estimate the monthly out-of-pocket expenditures for preventive measures used for COVID-19 infection. The study tool includes questions on household out-of-pocket expenditure and the measurements of the impact of the expenditure on household income. It was found that the average cumulative monthly expenditures related to the preventi
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Lazíková, Zuzana. "Structure of Household Expenditures in Slovakia and Relations Between its Categories." Acta Regionalia et Environmentalica 15, no. 2 (2018): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aree-2018-0008.

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Abstract Household income is one of the basic indicators of the living standard of population in countries or regions. The income indicator is inextricably linked to the household expenditure indicator, whose structure also indicates the living standards of households. The development of income and expenditures of Slovak households has been affected by many events over the last decades (fulfilment of the Maastricht criteria, accession of the Slovak Republic to the EU, adoption of the euro currency, economic crisis). The category of gross cash expenditures, net cash expenditures or consumption
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Paár, Dávid. "Differences in the Hungarian households’ sport expenditures." Applied Studies in Agribusiness and Commerce 7, no. 1 (2013): 91–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.19041/apstract/2013/1/16.

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The paper searches the differences between the groups of Hungarian households regarding the sport expenditures’ presence in household budget and determining factors. I used the latest Household Budget Survey (HBS) of the Hungarian Central Statistical Office from 2008 which contains data of more than 7000 households. My methods were logit and probit models, where the presence of sport expenditures were explained in households’ budget. The increase of the following indicators has a positive effect onto the possibility of the sport expenditures: income status, level of education, number of the ch
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Pandey, Sony, Sushila Baral, and Dipendra Kumar Yadav. "Household Expenditures on Primary, Secondary and Higher-level Health Care in Pokhara Metropolitan, Nepal." Journal of Health and Allied Sciences 11, no. 1 (2021): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.37107/jhas.147.

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Introduction: Household health expenditures are the costs related to the health care and services from a house. The household health care expenditure constitutes a larger share (55.4%) of total health expenditures in Nepal which imply that health care can place a significant financial burden on households. Therefore, the aim of the study was to estimate the household expenditures on primary, secondary and higher-level health care in Nepalese households.
 Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted among 335 household heads in Lekhnath municipality, Kaski, Nepal later ch
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Banzragch, Otgontugs, Manlaibaatar Zagdbazar, Uyanga Gankhuyag, et al. "Gendered Impacts of the COVID-19 in Mongolia: results from big data research." Population and Economics 6, no. 4 (2022): 123–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/popecon.6.e86434.

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Based on the big data sample, we found that during the first year of Covid-19, although per month, per person expenditures of female-headed households were higher, on average, compared with male-headed households in Mongolia, but it is not because of the gender of the household head, but because these heads of households on average have more education, smaller household sizes, and living more in urban areas. They also register their expenditures in the VAT e-receipts system more consistently, which means that male-headed households’ expenditures are underestimated. Overall, expenditure of both
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10

Zentková, I., and E. Hošková. "The influence of the Slovak household income differentiation on food expenditures – the Engel’s expenditures functions estimation --." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 57, No. 11 (2011): 534–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/68/2010-agricecon.

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The economy of the Slovak Republic, as a part of the European economic area, is significantly determined by the world globalization process. One of the aspects, which globalization brings, is the social differentiation deepening between countries as well as across the particular countries. This phenomenon occurs in the Slovak Republic also as a consequence of the increasing households’ income differentiation. It is logical to assume that the household’s members who live in the different living conditions behave differently in the commodity and service mark
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Rezapour, Aziz, Soraya Nooraee Motlagh, Banafsheh Darvishi Teli, Negar Yousef Zadeh, and Payam Haghighat Fard. "Investigating the factors affecting exposure to catastrophic health expenditures among Lorestan households with cancer patients." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 15, no. 6 (2021): 1741–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs211561741.

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Introduction: The present study aims at investigating the most important factors affecting exposure to catastrophic health expenditures among Lorestan households with cancer patients. Methods: Data were collected from 220 households with cancer patients using a questionnaire of the World Health Organization entitled “Global Health Survey”. The research samples were selected through a convenience random sampling method and the researcher randomly interviewed patients who met the inclusion criteria and were willing to participate in the study. Excel software was used to clean data and Eviews and
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Thakuriah, Piyushimita (Vonu), and Yihua Liao. "Analysis of Variations in Vehicle Ownership Expenditures." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1926, no. 1 (2005): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198105192600101.

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There is significant concern about the high cost of vehicle ownership, although several authors have acknowledged in the literature that owning and operating a vehicle have accessibility benefits. This paper uses Consumer Expenditure Survey data to explore vehicle ownership expenditures of American households. Differences in vehicle ownership expenditures among urban and rural households are estimated in different regions of the United States, controlling for socioeconomic, demographic, life cycle, and other household factors. First, patterns in vehicle ownership expenses are examined over a y
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Suparmin, Suparmin, and Bambang Dipokusumo. "Analisis Program Peningkatan Ketahanan Pangan Rumahtangga Petani Ikan Nila Di Kecamatan Pringgarata." JURNAL SOSIAL EKONOMI DAN HUMANIORA 8, no. 2 (2022): 312–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jseh.v8i2.104.

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This study aims to: 1) analyze the income sources of tilapia famer’s household , 2) describe the income distribution pattern of farmers' households, 3) describe the distribution pattern of farmer household expenditures, and 4) analyze the level of food security of farmer households. This research uses a descriptive method. Research with descriptive method designed in the form of survey research. Data was collected using triangulation techniques, namely by combining three research techniques together, namely: (1) interview techniques (interviews) with respondents; (2) field observations (field
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Vidová, Jarmila, and Peter Sika. "Globalization processes and their effects on the household economy." SHS Web of Conferences 92 (2021): 05028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20219205028.

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Research background: Globalization influences the behavior of all economic actors. The aim of the presented scientific article is to examine households and household economics, which is affected by current social and innovative changes. The role of households is very important in any economy, they support economic growth with their expenditures, and it depends not only on the growth rate of household consumption, but also on the large share of income of household expenditures. Purpose of the article: The authors in the scientific article will examine households and their decision-making proces
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Udry, Christopher, and Hyungi Woo. "Households and the Social Organization of Consumption in Southern Ghana." African Studies Review 50, no. 2 (2007): 139–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/arw.2007.0124.

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Abstract:This article replicates Guyer's finding in Marginal Gains (2004) of a social gradient in expenditure patterns of Ghanaian households using more flexible statistical techniques than those used in the book. We show that similar gradients are found in Cote d'lvoire and in Kagera, Tanzania, suggesting that Guyer's finding in Ghana is a manifestation of a more general phenomenon. In addition, we examine patterns of measurement error in household expenditure data from Ghana. This reveals a worrying possibility that survey reports of expenditure may reflect respondents' beliefs about what ex
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Kubicová, Ľubica, Zdenka Kádeková, Ľudmila Nagyová, and Jana Stávková. "The Income situation of the private households and its impact on the food consumption in the Slovak Republic." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 59, no. 7 (2011): 217–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201159070217.

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Accession of the Slovak Republic to the EU in 2004 opened up the new opportunities not only in the formation of incomes but also in changes of consumer habits of the population in Slovakia. The basis for these changes were given before 1989, since when it has been possible to monitor realization of reforms. After 1989 have been observed the changes in the evolution of the household income and expenditure structure. The analysis confirms the significant differences and unbalanced right-inclined distribution of income. Households in the fourth income quartile had 2.8 times higher incomes than fa
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17

Maniriho, Aristide, Edouard Musabanganji, Ferdinand Nkikabahizi, Charles Ruranga, and Philippe Lebailly. "An Analysis of the Determinants of Household Expenditures in Rwanda." ISSUE EIGHT 5, no. 1 (2021): 8–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.25079/ukhjss.v5n1y2021.pp8-17.

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Economists use two different approaches, unitary and collective, to analyze household decisions. The unitary approach ignores the differences between single-person and multi-person households, whereas the collective approach states that each person in the household must be characterized by specific preferences. The household’s decisions concern mainly the allocation of their income to current consumption or for savings and future consumer expenditures. This study uses the Comprehensive Food Security and Vulnerability Analysis (CFSVA) data collected from a random sample in 2015 in Rwanda. The o
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18

Mulaga, Atupele N., Mphatso S. Kamndaya, and Salule J. Masangwi. "Examining the incidence of catastrophic health expenditures and its determinants using multilevel logistic regression in Malawi." PLOS ONE 16, no. 3 (2021): e0248752. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0248752.

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Background Despite a free access to public health services policy in most sub-Saharan African countries, households still contribute to total health expenditures through out-of-pocket expenditures. This reliance on out-of-pocket expenditures places households at a risk of catastrophic health expenditures and impoverishment. This study examined the incidence of catastrophic health expenditures, impoverishing effects of out-of-pocket expenditures on households and factors associated with catastrophic expenditures in Malawi. Methods We conducted a secondary analysis of the most recent nationally
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Cook, Finnie B., John Oryema, and Cynthia Stephens. "Consumer Expenditures and Savings in High Income Households." Journal of Forensic Economics 27, no. 2 (2018): 107–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5085/jfe-427.

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Abstract A review of the existing academic literature as well as available government publications reveals a lack of information regarding expenditure behavior of high income households. In this paper, we combine multiple years of Consumer Expenditure Survey Public Use Microdata provided by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) and compute average expenditures and standard errors. We apply the same methodology used by the BLS to estimate the average expenditures by household income and household size for households with income of $70,000 and higher. The resultant tables provide details on consu
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Ross, Hana, Leelmanee Moussa, Tom Harris, and Rajive Ajodhea. "The heterogeneous impact of a successful tobacco control campaign: a case study of Mauritius." Tobacco Control 27, no. 1 (2017): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2016-053412.

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BackgroundMauritius has one of the highest smoking prevalences in Africa, contributing to its high burden of non-communicable diseases. Mauritius implemented a series of tobacco control measures from 2009 to 2012, including tobacco tax increases. There is evidence that these policies reduced tobacco consumption, but it is not clear what impact they had across different socioeconomic groups.MethodThe impact of tobacco control measures on different income groups was analysed by contrasting household tobacco expenditures reported in 2006–2007 and 2012 household expenditure surveys. We employed th
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Simatupang, Johannes, and Junaidi Junaidi. "POOR HOUSEHOLDS EXPENDITURE FOR PREVENTIVE AND CURATIVE HEALTH NEEDS." International Journal of New Economics and Social Sciences 11, no. 1 (2020): 197–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.3541.

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The purpose of this research is to analyze: 1) patterns and allocation of household expenditure in poor urban and rural areas for preventive and curative health needs in Jambi Province; 2) socio-economic factors that affect their expenditure. Data is gath-ered thorough poor households at the locus of chosen village. To analyze the patterns and allocation of household expenditures, descriptive statistical measures as well as single and cross frequency tables is used. Furthermore, to analyze the factors influenc-ing, multiple regression model is used. The results found that: 1) the average healt
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Mulaga, Atupele N., Mphatso S. Kamndaya, and Salule J. Masangwi. "Decomposing socio-economic inequality in catastrophic out-of-pocket health expenditures in Malawi." PLOS Global Public Health 2, no. 2 (2022): e0000182. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0000182.

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Reducing health inequalities and inequities is one of the key goals that health systems aspire to achieve as it ensures improvement in health outcomes among all population groups. Addressing the factors contributing to inequality in catastrophic health expenditures is important to reducing inequality in the burden of health expenditures. However, there are limited studies to explain the factors contributing to inequalities in catastrophic health expenditures. The study aimed to measure and decompose socio-economic inequality in catastrophic health into its determinants. Data for the analysis c
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Senturk, Bilge, Aysun Danisman Isik, and Cisel Ekiz Gokmen. "Determinants of out of pocket healthcare expenditures: The case of Mugla province in Turkey." Global Journal of Business, Economics and Management: Current Issues 9, no. 2 (2019): 76–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/gjbem.v9i2.4225.

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As the share of health care financing from public funds was increasing in Turkey, the utilization of the health care services has also increased, dramatically. Despite of universal health coverage, the result of this trend causes to increase the incidence of making out of pocket expenditures. The aim of this study is to evaluate the determinants of households’ health expenditures in Mugla province of Turkey. A total of 204 households living in the central district of Mugla were surveyed and questioned both for their total consumption and health expenditures, as well as their health status, dem
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Hošková, Elena, Martin Richter, and Iveta Zentková. "The Influence of Income on the Consumption Expenditures." Visegrad Journal on Bioeconomy and Sustainable Development 9, no. 1 (2020): 15–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/vjbsd-2020-0003.

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AbstractThe contribution aims to identify the influence of income on Slovak household expenditures. Analyses are querying from the household income and expenditures data in the Slovak Republic during the period 2004–2018. The data source is the Statistical Office of The Slovak Republic. Descriptive statistics and regression analysis are used. The analysis of the goods and services expenditures reveals the major share of the expenditures is expended for the non-durable goods. The non-durable goods expenditures of the pensioners are 72% of their total consumption expenditures. Expenditures of em
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Khammarnia, M., A. Keshtkaran, Z. Kavosi, and R. Hayati. "The Household Health Spending and Impoverishment: Findings from the Households Survey in Shiraz, Iran." Bangladesh Medical Research Council Bulletin 40, no. 2 (2015): 58–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bmrcb.v40i2.25184.

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The present study aimed to investigate the households' impoverishment due to the healthcare costs in Shiraz in 2012. In this household's survey, 800 households were studied in Shiraz. The study sample was selected using stratified and cluster sampling in the urban and rural areas, respectively. The information was collected using the household section of the World Health Survey questionnaire. In order to determine impoverishment due to health spending, at first, the households' food-based poverty line (subsistence expenditure) was measured. Then, households' health expenditure was subtracted f
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Piekut, Marlena. "Restaurants and hotels expenditure in Polish households of the elderly." Ekonomia i Zarzadzanie 8, no. 1 (2016): 80–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/emj-2016-0009.

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Abstract The age of household members is an important factor for expenditures. The aim of the study is to investigate the level of expenditure on restaurants and hotels incurred in Polish households of the elderly in 2004-2013 and to identify the factors affecting such expenditures. The source of information used in the study was the household budget survey of the Central Statistical Office of Poland. The main methods used in this study were variance analysis and regression analysis. Restaurants and hotels expenditure increases every year together with their share in total household expenditur
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Yuvaraj, Nisha, and U. Arabi. "Determinants of Household Expenditure on Primary Education." Shanlax International Journal of Economics 9, no. 3 (2021): 10–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/economics.v9i3.4021.

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Government expenditures and household expenditures appear to act as complements rather than substitutes for each other: an increase in government expenditure tends to increase household expenditures and vice-versa. Public investment can provide educational facilities, quality, and other institutional measures, but only household investment will enable its utilization.
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Jolex, Aubrey, and Ben Kaluwa. "Crowding Out Effects of Alcohol Consumption Expenditure on Household Resource Allocation in Malawi." PLOS ONE 17, no. 2 (2022): e0263330. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0263330.

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The study used Quasi maximum likelihood estimation (QMLE) on a nationally representative household level data set to estimate the effect of alcohol consumption expenditure on a set of expenditure proportions of other commodities. The results indicate that, the low-income, including the rural population, spent proportionately more on alcohol than their well-off and urban counterparts. Furthermore, the consumption of alcohol crowded-out expenditures on consumer non-durable (food and beverages), durable (housing) and essential services (education). The crowding out of these expenditures clearly h
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Paár, Dávid, Zoltán Pogátsa, Pongrác Ács, and András Szentei. "The Relationship between Inequalities in Household Sports Consumption Expenditures and Income Level." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 23 (2022): 15608. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192315608.

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Inequalities in income, wealth, quality of life, health and education are an intensively researched field of economics. In this study, we examine the inequality in sports expenditures of Hungarian households. We hypothesize that the development of income inequalities will also correlate significantly to inequalities in sports consumption, and this trend has been intensifying over the past two decades. The research is based on the Household Budget Survey database of Hungarian households for the period 2005–2017. The net income conditions of the population and the sports expenditure items record
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Homaie Rad, Enayatollah, Mohammad Hajizadeh, Satar Rezaei, and Anita Reihanian. "Cigarette Smoking and Its Financial Burden among Iranian Households: Evidence from Household Income and Expenditures Survey." Journal of Research in Health Sciences 20, no. 4 (2020): e00494-e00494. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/jrhs.2020.28.

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Background: The financial burden of cigarette smoking on households’ budget is not well documented in Iran. We aimed to identify the determinants of cigarette consumption and its financial burden among households in Iran. Study design: A cross-sectional study. Methods: A total of 39,864 Iranian’s households from 31 provinces were included in the analysis. Data on sociodemographic and socioeconomic characteristics (age, sex, household size, education level, employment status, income and wealth index), living area, number of cigarettes smoked and cigarette expenditures for households were extrac
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Leschewski, Andrea M., Dave D. Weatherspoon, and Annemarie Kuhns. "Household acquisition of healthy food away from home." British Food Journal 120, no. 3 (2018): 588–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bfj-07-2017-0372.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze households’ acquisition of healthy food away from home (FAFH) from restaurants. Specifically, determinants of households’ decision to purchase healthy FAFH, the share of households’ FAFH expenditures allocated to healthy FAFH and the share of households’ FAFH calories obtained from healthy items are identified. Design/methodology/approach Using data from the National Household Food Acquisition and Purchase Survey, the UK Food Standards Agency’s Nutrient Profiling Model is used to classify the healthfulness of households’ FAFH purchases. A double-
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Kuznetsov, K. V. "Monitoring of The Consumption Level for Sustainable Development Goals." Statistics and Economics 19, no. 1 (2022): 18–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.21686/2500-3925-2022-1-18-27.

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The indicators of the Sustainable Development Goals (hereinafter referred to as the SDGs) were developed by the UN members and are aimed at the sustainable development of countries in the field of social policy, ecology and ensuring the well-being of the population. Sustainable Development Goals in the field of social policy can be considered necessary for survival. Country indicators are calculated by statistical agencies in accordance with methodologies developed by the SDGs curator agencies. The Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat) in accordance with the Federal Statistical Plan calcu
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Iddrisu, Abdul Malik, Michael Danquah, and Peter Quartey. "Paying for education among households in Ghana." International Journal of Development Issues 16, no. 2 (2017): 214–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijdi-02-2017-0017.

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Purpose Using data from the sixth round of the Ghana Living Standards Survey, this paper aims to take a critical look at issues relating to the demand for education in Ghana. Design/methodology/approach In doing this, the paper develops a model for the determinants of household’s educational expenditure using the full sample of data and an income-quintile disaggregated model of the determinants of household’s educational expenditures. The study adopts robust empirical estimation techniques to estimate the model. Findings The paper finds that household resources importantly influence children’s
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Khan, Pamir, Yasir Khan, and Said Farooq Shah. "Statistical Analysis of Yearly Consumption Expenditure of the Household on Durable, Non-Durable Goods and Services in Pakistan." STATISTICS, COMPUTING AND INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH 3, no. 2 (2021): 13–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.52700/scir.v3i2.48.

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The purpose of the study was to explore the yearly consumption expenditure of household on durable, non-durable goods and services in Pakistan using partial data from Pakistan social and living standards measurement survey. From the hidden patterns in the data using different data mining techniques and statistical tools it has been observed that consumption quintiles in various regions, provinces, genders, and languages are changing. In addition, the mean consumption expenditures per household and mean consumption expenditures per-capita vary according to region, gender, province, and language
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Khan, Pamir, Yasir Khan, and Said Farooq Shah. "Statistical Analysis of Yearly Consumption Expenditure of the Household on Durable, Non-Durable Goods and Services in Pakistan." STATISTICS, COMPUTING AND INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH 3, no. 2 (2021): 13–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.52700/scir.v3i2.48.

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The purpose of the study was to explore the yearly consumption expenditure of household on durable, non-durable goods and services in Pakistan using partial data from Pakistan social and living standards measurement survey. From the hidden patterns in the data using different data mining techniques and statistical tools it has been observed that consumption quintiles in various regions, provinces, genders, and languages are changing. In addition, the mean consumption expenditures per household and mean consumption expenditures per-capita vary according to region, gender, province, and language
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Salam, Shakila, Siegfried Bauer, and Md Salauddin Palash. "Impact of income diversification on rural livelihood in some selected areas of Bangladesh." Journal of the Bangladesh Agricultural University 17, no. 1 (2019): 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v17i1.40666.

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Diverse set of income generating activities may have varying effect on household’s welfare situation. This study intends to assess the extent of different income diversification strategies on rural household welfare. A total sample of 153 households from three districts of Bangladesh was randomly selected. Considering simultaneous causality between different livelihood strategies and welfare indicators, the Two Stage Least Square (2SLS) methods with instrumental variable was applied to estimate impact of the strategies on household welfare. Household per capita expenditure was treated as the w
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Utami, Desy Cahyaning, and Wenny Mamilianti. "Analysis of Household Food Security of Fishermen in Coastal Area, Bangil District, Pasuruan Regency." Economic and Social of Fisheries and Marine Journal 009, no. 01 (2021): 16–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.ecsofim.2021.009.01.02.

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The low income of fishermen makes it difficult to fulfill basic household food needs and non-food basic needs. The purpose of this study was to analyze the level of energy adequacy and the level of protein adequacy and identify the factors that affect the food security of fishermen's households. The first analysis was carried out descriptively by combining food expenditure and energy consumption indicators. The second analysis uses a logit model regression analysis. The analysis results show that the food security condition of fishermen's households is at the food shortage level of 43.34%. Fis
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Weingarten, Sarah E., Kirk A. Dearden, Benjamin T. Crookston, Mary E. Penny, Jere R. Behrman, and Debbie L. Humphries. "Are Household Expenditures on Food Groups Associated with Children’s Future Heights in Ethiopia, India, Peru, and Vietnam?" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 13 (2020): 4739. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17134739.

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Household expenditure surveys, routinely conducted in low—and middle-income countries (LMICs), usually include questions pertaining to recent household expenditures on key food groups. When child anthropometrics are also available, such expenditure data can provide insights into household food purchasing patterns that are associated with subsequent child growth measures. We used data from 6993 children, born around 2001, from Ethiopia, India, Peru, and Vietnam, from the Young Lives younger cohort. We compared associations between two weeks of household food expenditures (in PPP—Purchasing Powe
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DENG, QUHENG, and JINJUN XUE. "MULTIVARIATE TOBIT SYSTEM ESTIMATION OF EDUCATION EXPENDITURE IN URBAN CHINA." Singapore Economic Review 59, no. 01 (2014): 1450005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217590814500052.

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Using the 2007 education survey data in urban China, this paper measures the inequality of education expenditures, an indicator of education inequality, and analyzes the effect of household income on the components of education expenditures. Since the components of education expenditure are censored and inter-related, this paper runs a multivariate Tobit system regression of five categories of education expenditures. Our results imply that household income per capita positively affects expenditure on boarding, private tutoring and costs for selecting schools but does not affect expenditure on
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Jusoh, Nur Nabila, Surianti Sukeri, Hui Yee Chee, et al. "HOUSEHOLDS’ HEALTH EXPENDITURES ON ACUTE GASTROENTERITIS IN MALAYSIA." Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine 21, no. 2 (2021): 285–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.37268/mjphm/vol.21/no.2/art.1008.

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Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) causes significant health and economic burden on society. The aim of this study is to estimate households’ direct and indirect expenditures on AGE and its predicted factors. This cross-sectional study was conducted between December 2019 and March 2020 using a bilingual proforma distributed using Survey Monkey among individuals with self-reported AGE in all 14 states of Malaysia. The finding revealed the average expenditure for a single episode of AGE was RM395.58 (± SD 798.02). The mean indirect expenditure was higher at RM259.14 (± SD 379.92) vs. direct expenditure
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Virsaladze, Naira. "HOUSEHOLD - AN IMPORTANT INSTITUTIONAL UNIT." Economic Profile 15, no. 20 (2020): 98–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.52244/ep.2020.20.11.

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Economy of the country represents the combination of resident institutional units (IU). A sector is created by grouping homogeneous institutional units. The household sector seems to be of great importance in the IU classification. Household as the main economic cell of a society is a group of people who are subject to common rules of cohabitation in one dwelling unit and are related to each other by a common budget (part of it), kinship and / or non-kinship relations, or both together. The household sector differs significantly from other sectors in its functions and behavior.Households are b
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Marlinda, Marlinda, and Vetty Yulianty Permanasari. "Pengeluaran out of pocket rumah tangga untuk upaya pencegahan kesehatan anak: analisis berbasis two part model dan Tobit." Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat 35, no. 1 (2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/bkm.42519.

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Out-of-pocket household expenditure for child health prevention services: two-part and tobit modelPurposeTo find out socio-economic determinants and the amount of out-of-pocket (OOP) for household expenditure in health prevention for children.MethodsThis study compared two approaches from several alternative assumptions including the two-part model and Tobit, which can be used when variable analysis has a problem selection. The dependent variable was household expenditure for children health prevention services in Indonesia, where the probability of dependent variable was affected by latent va
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Kimani, Diana N., Mercy G. Mugo, and Urbanus M. Kioko. "Catastrophic Health Expenditures And Impoverishment In Kenya." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 12, no. 15 (2016): 434. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n15p434.

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Background: Out-of-pocket health expenditures leave households exposed to the risk of financial catastrophe and poverty whenever they entail significant dissaving or the sale of key household assets. Even relatively small expenditures on health can be financially disastrous for poor households and similarly, large health care expenditures can lead to financial catastrophe and bankruptcy for rich households. Objective: There is increasing evidence that out-of-pocket expenditures act as a financial barrier to accessing health care, and are a source of catastrophic expenditures and impoverishment
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Blahun, Ivan, Halyna Leshchuk, and Mariya Kyfor. "Economic modeling of touristic services demand in the regions." Regional Economy, no. 4(94) (2019): 87–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.36818/1562-0905-2019-4-7.

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Considering the important role of tourism in the socio-economic development of regions, the need for information and modeling of ways to increase demand for tourism services and tourism development is being updated. The article uses methods of analytical, logical, comparative analysis and systematic approach to study trends in demand for tourist services in Ukraine. Econometric modeling analyzes the demand for tourism services by the level of income and expenditures of the population in 2018. Trends in demand for tourism services in 2018 in terms of income and expenditure of the population wit
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Martina, Martina, Riyandhi Praza, and Zuriani Zuriani. "FACTORS AFFECTING HOUSEHOLD FOOD EXPENDITURE THROUGH THE UTILIZATION OF YARD LAND IN DEWANTARA SUBDISTRICT, ACEH UTARA." International Journal of Economic, Business, Accounting, Agriculture Management and Sharia Administration (IJEBAS) 1, no. 1 (2021): 62–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.54443/ijebas.v1i1.16.

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Food is a basic need that must be met by households. Utilization of home yard land is one of the alternatives to realize food self-sufficiency in households in Dewantara District which iscan save on food expenditure and ensure the fulfillment of household food needs which are always available, easily accessible and can be used at any time. This study aims to analyze the factors that influence household food expenditures that utilize yard land with horticultural cultivation in Dewantara Subdistrict, Aceh Utara. The sample in this study was 60 families who were selected by simple random sampling
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Datta, Biplab K., Muhammad J. Husain, and Sohani Fatehin. "The crowding out effect of out-of-pocket medication expenses of two major non-communicable diseases in Pakistan." International Health 12, no. 1 (2018): 50–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/inthealth/ihz075.

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Abstract Background Elevated blood pressure (i.e. hypertension) and diabetes (BPD) are the two major noncommunicable diseases that expose households to high out-of-pocket treatment costs in low- and middle-income countries. Medication is the biggest share of BPD treatment expenses, and households with someone suffering from BPD may need to adjust consumption of other commodities to pay for essential BPD medicines. We assess how BPD medication expenditures are associated with crowding out of other household commodities in Pakistan. Methods We analyze self-reported household consumption data fro
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Haneef, Kashif, Syed Faizan Iftikhar, and Ambreen Fatima. "Crowding Out Effect of Tobacco Usage on Household Education and Health Expenditures - An Econometric Analysis." Journal of Applied Economics and Business Studies 6, no. 1 (2022): 85–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.34260/jaebs.614.

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Tobacco consumption is growing day by day everywhere in the world in countless forms such as supari, tobacco raw, chew, pan, cigarettes, bidi and naswar etc. Tobacco consumption may avert the limited family resources far away from advantageous uses between low-slung income households. The relatively underprivileged households frequently allocate an ample share of the domestic budget on tobacco expenditures. These uneconomical expenditures on tobacco could be a diversion of household monetary resources from necessary things, such as foodstuff, healthcare and education. Explicitly this paper dis
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Toufarová, Zuzana, and Klára Ondrášková. "Development and changes in consumption expenditures of the population." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 56, no. 6 (2008): 167–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun200856060167.

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The paper deals with development and changes in consumption expenditures of population. It uses secondary data to analyze consumption expenditures of EU-25 and the Czech Republic and concetrates on changes in the expenditure groups over the period of past years. Other part of this paper is devoted to primary data analysis. Primary data were obtained in a questionnaire survey. Primary data analysis is based on statistical methods and it investigates changes in the structure of consumption expenditures of households in relation to changes in household income. By using dependency analysis the pap
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Trębska, Paulina. "USE OF ENERGY BY HOUSEHOLDS IN POLAND." Annals of the Polish Association of Agricultural and Agribusiness Economists XX, no. 2 (2018): 157–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0011.8131.

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Households in Poland are characterized by the highest energy consumption in the structure of final energy consumption in general, and energy expenditure is an important item in expenditures in the household budget of households. The aim of the article is to present changes in the use of energy by households in Poland. Changes in energy expenditure in households in 2010-2016 were also assessed. The article uses secondary data from the Central Statistical Office.
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Hanić, Hasan, Milica Bugarčić, and Radojko Lukić. "Econometric examination of the impact of income on household expenditures for package holidays in Serbia." European Journal of Applied Economics 18, no. 1 (2021): 39–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/ejae18-29551.

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The subject of this paper is the econometric examination of the impact of income on expenditures, i.e. on the demand for package holidays of households in Serbia. The aim of this paper is to quantify the impact of income on household expenditures for package holidays in the country and abroad on the basis of alternative functional forms of Engel curves and elasticities derived from them. The starting research hypothesis is that with the increase in household income, the share of expenditures for tourist arrangements in total household expenditures in Serbia remains approximately unchanged. As
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