Teses / dissertações sobre o tema "Lactame"
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Krelaus, Ralf. "Synthese von bicyclischen Lactamen durch Ugi-Reaktion und Ringschlussmetathese". [S.l. : s.n.], 2003. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=968549772.
Texto completo da fonteZhang, Hailong. "Scandium-catalyzed atom-economical reactions for C-O and C-C bond formations". Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASF007.
Texto completo da fonteThis PhD work focused on the formation of carbon-oxygen and carbon-carbon bonds via atom-economical reactions catalysed by scandium complexes. After a general introduction to scandium and its physico-chemical properties, a detailed description of scandium triflate (Sc(OTf)₃) highlights its Lewis acid properties and its use as a catalyst in various carbon-carbon bond-forming transformations such as aldol or Michael reactions. In the first chapter, the cyclisation of N-protected δ/ε-alkenoic acids and δ-alkenamides catalysed by Sc(OTf)₃ under thermal conditions or microwave activation was developed to prepare, for the first time, γ/δ-lactones and γ/δ-lactams. In the course of this study, the molecular diversity that can be achieved by using scandium triflate in catalysis was highlighted. It was also shown that the selectivity of the transformation of δ/ε-alkenoic acids is directly correlated to the substitution patterns of the alkyl backbone chain and the alkene moiety. In most cases, the formation of γ- or δ-lactones is observed with good yields and high regioselectivities. However, when the δ/ε-alkenoic acid backbone bears electron-rich phenyl groups in the geminal position, Friedel-Crafts-type cyclisation between one of these two groups and the olefin occurs exclusively in high yields. The Sc(OTf)₃-catalysed hydrofunctionalisation reaction of N-protected δ-alkenamides proceeds preferentially or exclusively via an original and rarely reported O-selective cyclisation. In the second chapter, novel well-defined β-diketiminate scandium complexes were synthesized and characterized in particular by X-ray diffraction spectroscopy. The potential of these complexes as catalysts was investigated in the C(sp²)-H alkylation reaction of anilines with styrene and α-methylstyrene derivatives. Starting from styrenes derivatives, an ortho-selective alkylation reaction leading to the branched product is observed with good-to-excellent yields. The reaction tolerates a wide range of aniline derivatives and is compatible with certain non-activated alkenes such as norbornene and 1,3-cyclohexadiene. Furthermore, the reaction can be carried out on a gram scale with a low catalyst loading without any noticeable change in catalytic activity. Starting from α-methylstyrene derivatives, branched alkylation products substituted at the para-position were obtained in good yields. Finally, mechanistic information was gathered using kinetic studies, deuterium labelling experiments, synthesis of reaction intermediates and control or competitive experiments. Initial attempts were also made to develop an asymmetric version of this transformation using chiral enantiopure scandium complexes
Freitag, Dirk. "Die Synthese von [beta]-Lactam-Sulfonamid-Hybriden [beta-Lactam-Sulfonamid-Hybriden] : neue Aspekte der katalytischen ring-schliessenden Metathese beim Aufbau von Heterobicyclen und Studien zur intramolekularen [2+2]-Olefin-Isocyanat-Cycloaddition /". Dresden : TUDpress, 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2671906&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.
Texto completo da fonteHenlin, Jean-Michel. "Approches synthétiques d'antibiotiques potentiels de type β-lactame". Mulhouse, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986MULH0021.
Texto completo da fonteCouloigner, Evanne. "Synthese de composes du type -lactame : antibiotiques potentiels ?" Brest, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BRES2028.
Texto completo da fonteLEYGUE, ESTREME NADINE. "Macrocylisation en series lactame, lactone et thiolactone : mise en evidence d'un tetralactame comme complexant selectif du calcium". Toulouse 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987TOU30124.
Texto completo da fonteLeygue, Nadine. "Macrocyclisation en séries lactame, lactone et thiolactone mise en évidence d'un tétralactame comme complexant sélectif du calcium /". Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376073973.
Texto completo da fonteAlbrecht, Dominik. "Stereoselektive intramolekulare [2+2]-Photocycloadditionen alpha, beta-ungesättigter Lactame /". München : Verl. Dr. Hut, 2009. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=017356085&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
Texto completo da fonteStaub, Isabell Helga. "β-Lactame und ihre enzymatischen Angriffsziele in multiresistenten Bakterien". Diss., lmu, 2011. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-136910.
Texto completo da fonteVoss, Felix Henning Tilmann [Verfasser]. "Bifunktionelle Oxidationskatalysatoren durch Ligation an chirale Lactame / Felix Voss". München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2010. http://d-nb.info/1009095552/34.
Texto completo da fonteKalk, Christian. "Darstellung und Untersuchung von Antioxidationsmitteln und [beta]-Lactamen [Beta-Lactamen] auf der Basis ungesättigter Fettsäuren". [S.l. : s.n.], 2002. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=967363594.
Texto completo da fonteSarraf, Daad. "Synthèse et propriétés d'oxindoles substitués en C-3 par une chaîne ω-aminée : application à l’inhibition du protéasome". Thesis, Rennes 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015REN1S135/document.
Texto completo da fonteNous nous sommes intéressés au TMC-95A, un tripeptide cyclique naturel inhibant le protéasome humain d'une façon non-covalente à des concentrations de l'ordre du nanomolaire. Nous avons montré que des mimes linéaires du TMC-95A contenant un motif 3-hydroxyoxindolyl alanine conservent l'activité inhibitrice de ce dernier. Mon travail a porté sur la synthèse d'une bibliothèque de mimes linéaires du TMC-95A en partant des amino-acides protéogéniques et des dérivés de la 3-hydroxyoxindolyl alanine. Nous avons préparé des bras espaceurs hydrosolubles contenant des motifs éthylène glycol que nous avons couplés avec les têtes inhibitrices pour l'élaboration de nouveaux inhibiteurs bivalents capables de cibler simultanément deux des six sites catalytiques du protéasome constitutif et de l'immunoprotéasome. Au cours de la synthèse de la 3-hydroxyoxindolyl alanine, il a été observé qu'en milieu basique, ce résidu C-protégé se transpose lentement et d'une façon peu décrite dans la littérature en γ-lactame. Nous avons généralisé cette réaction à la synthèse de lactames de 5 à 12 chaînons par isomérisation d'oxindoles substitués en N-1 par un groupement électroattracteur et en C-3 par une chaine ω-aminée de longueur variable. Ces oxindoles ayant une chaîne aminée ont été obtenus à partir de deux familles différentes : des composés nitrés et des dérivés N-Boc protégés. L'aptitude des différentes molécules synthétisées à inhiber le protéasome et l'immunoprotéasome a été étudiée
Micouin, Laurent. "Nouvelles méthodes de synthèse asymétrique à partir de lactames et amides chiraux dérivés du phénylglycinol". Paris 5, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA05P612.
Texto completo da fonteMolina, Laurence. "Préparation et étude de nouveaux tensioactifs de type beta-lactame : les tensioactifs". Nancy 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995NAN10236.
Texto completo da fonteMadec, Stéphanie. "Résistance des bactéries aux antibiotiques à noyau β-lactame : mécanismes et incidences". Brest, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001BRES3105.
Texto completo da fonteGabriel, Sven. "Quantenmechanische Berechnung der CD-Spektren von Cyclohexandionderivaten, Lactamen, Ribonuclease A sowie von Androstan-Bisporphyrinen". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2001. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=964517450.
Texto completo da fonteKosten, Marc. "Beitrag zur Chemie der 2, 3, 4, 5-Tetrahydropyridine Synthese von cyclischen [beta]-Aminosäuren, [beta]-Lactamen und [beta]-Peptiden sowie schwefelhaltigen [gamma]- und d-Lactamen und [alpha]-Aminophosphonsäurederivaten /". [S.l. : s.n.], 2003. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=967061075.
Texto completo da fonteGonçalves, Daniela Filipa Martins. "ß-lactamases de espectro alargado em Enterobacteriaceae da flora fecal de idosos". Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/843.
Texto completo da fonteA actual situação do envelhecimento das populações e a proliferação de unidades de cuidados de geriatria é uma realidade em expansão. Estas unidades constituem nichos particulares da comunidade no que respeita à disseminação de resistência aos antibióticos podendo considerar-se como reservatórios de estirpes resistentes aos antibióticos. Esta é uma realidade que tem vindo a merecer a atenção da comunidade científica internacional mas ainda pouco divulgada no nosso País. O presente estudo teve como objectivo a detecção de Enterobacteriaceae produtoras de β-lactamases de espectro alargado (BLEA) colonizadoras do tracto intestinal de residentes em lares de idosos da zona norte do País. Nas 184 amostras de fezes, provenientes de residentes autónomos e dependentes de seis lares de idosos da zona norte do País, detectaram-se 58 isolados de Enterobacteriaceae produtoras de BLEA, das espécies Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Citrobacter freundii, Morganella morganii e dos géneros Klebsiella spp e Enterobacter spp. Nos lares de idosos com mais residentes dependentes registou-se maior número de isolados produtores de BLEA, comparativamente aos lares com maior número de residentes autónomos. A incidência de estirpes produtoras de BLEA detectada em cada lar de idosos, parece depender de características dos residentes em termos de dependência funcional e história de internamento em unidades hospitalares, bem como do tratamento antimicrobiano a que estão sujeitos. Nos isolados produtores de BLEA detectados no estudo verificou-se um predomínio de β-lactamases, com pontos isoeléctricos (pI) característicos de 5,4 e superior a 8,0, estando o fenótipo de BLEA associado principalmente a β-lactamases de pI superior a 8,0. Os genes de resistência aos antibióticos β-lactâmicos podem ser transferidos por processos de tranferência horizontal, através de elementos genéticos móveis, como por exemplo plasmídeos conjugativos, como foi possível demonstrar através de conjugação. O estudo permitiu verificar que os lares de idosos representam um nicho particular da comunidade que poderá funcionar como reservatório de estirpes e genes de resistência aos antibióticos, particularmente aos antibióticos β-lactâmicos. A colonização intestinal de residentes de lares de idosos por Enterobacteriaceae produtoras de BLEA é uma realidade com papel preponderante na disseminação destas estirpes bacterianas. Os lares de idosos assumem-se como unidades de prestação de cuidados de saúde da comunidade, devido às necessidades de prestação de cuidados de saúde aos residentes, particularmente os mais debilitados. É um ambiente relevante na disseminação da resistência a antibióticos, podendo considerar-se importante na introdução de estirpes resistentes aos antibióticos no ambiente hospitalar. O estudo alerta para a necessidade de medidas de controlo de infecção adequadas na prestação de cuidados de saúde aos residentes de lares de idosos. ABSTRACT: The current situation of population aging and the proliferation of Geriatric care facilities is a reality in expansion. Those institutions might be considered as antimicrobial resistant strains reservoirs, playing an important role in antimicrobial resistance dissemination. This reality has been addressed internationally, but in our country this reality was deserved little divulgation. The aim of our study was the detection of Enterobacteriaceae producing Extended Spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) colonizing the intestinal tract of nursing home residents in the Northern area of our Country. In the 184 samples of faeces from independent and dependent residents of six nursing homes in the north of Portugal, 58 isolates of Enterobacteriaceae producing ESBL were detected, the species of Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Citrobacter freundii, Morganella morganii, Klebsiella spp and Enterobacter spp. Nursing homes with more dependent residents showed more isolates producing ESBL, compared to nursing homes with the highest number of autonomous residents. The incidence of ESBL producing strains detected in each nursing home seems to depend on characteristics of residents in terms of functional dependence and history of hospitalization, and the instituted antimicrobial treatment. Among ESBL producers isolated the study there was a predominance of β- lactamases, with characteristic isoelectric points of 5.4 and above 8.0. Genes for resistance to β-lactam antibiotics can be transferred horizontally transferred through mobile genetic elements, such as conjugative plasmids, as demonstrated by conjugation. The study has shown that the nursing homes represent a particular niche of the community that could serve as a reservoir of resistant strains and antibiotic resistance genes, particularly to the β-lactam antibiotics. The intestinal colonization of residents of nursing homes by ESBL producing Enterobacteriaceae is a reality with leading role in the spread of these bacterial strains. The nursing homes assume themselves as health care units of the community, because the needs of health care delivery to residents, particularly the weaked ones. This might be considered a namely in the introduction of antimicrobial resistant strains to the hospitals. The study points out the need of adequate infection control measures in the health care of nursing home residents.
Auberger, Stéphane. "Tensio-bioactifs originaux de type béta-lactame ; Formulations d'émulsions végétales à visées industrielles". Nancy 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000NAN10084.
Texto completo da fonteLecoq, Lauriane. "Etudes par RMN des L,D-transpeptidases bactériennes : structure, dynamique et compréhension de leur inhibition par les beta-lactames". Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00819829.
Texto completo da fonteBaussanne, Isabelle. "Synthese asymetrique en serie pyrrolidine a partir d'un gamma-lactame alpha, beta-insature chiral". Paris 11, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA112067.
Texto completo da fonteIikawa, Shinya. "Conception d'agents antipaludiques autour du motif γ-hydroxy-γ-lactame : synthèses et évaluation biologique". Thesis, Lyon 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO10172.
Texto completo da fonteThe search for new molecules for the treatment of malaria is still one of important reserch fields. The emergence of resistance to different first-generation antimalarial agents (chloroquine, quinine, mefloquine) is a serious problem in endemic areas requiring sustained effort to be able to offer new treatments in combination with artemisinin derivatives. This project is part of this effort with concern as to propose a new family of molecules which are easy access, low cost and if possible with a novel mechanism of action. We are particularly interested in type derivatives γ-hydroxy-γ-lactam because this pattern is only very little attention in the design of antiparasitic agents that present in a number of naturally occurring molecules and also offers the possibility of a number of structural variations. The synthesis of this type of structures using commercially available tetronic acid initially starts to access to unsaturated γ-lactones (γ-ylidenetetronates) in 3-4 steps, many structure analogues have been proposed from an alkylation or benzylation sequence, aldol and dehydration. The halogenations on such structures then allows access for various palladium-catalyzed coupling (Sonogashira, Stille and Suzuki-Miyaura) with a wide variety of compounds, also an opening to the tetronic acid derivatives having a 1,2,3-triazole moiety from copper catalyzed 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition is shown. Different unsaturated γ-lactones in tetronic series are then reacted with different amines in order to build γ- hydroxy-γ-lactam ring; amines are either derivatives of 7-chloro-4-amino quinoline, aliphatic, allyl, propargyl, benzyl amines, which are usually commercially available. A family with an enaminone with trifluoromethyl moiety were also synthesized for the reason of these can provide additional diversity and the possibility of accessing metal complexes. Amines with the ferrocene moiety ere also used for the lactamization. Thus, more than 80 molecules have been obtained and in vitro activities of two strains of P. falciparum (3D7 and W2) have revealed that molecules with 7-chloro-4-aminoquinoline pattern were generally as active as chloroquine, even more active (IC50 around 20 nM) with better resistance index (1.0-3.5), showed no cytotoxicity (HUVEC) up to 50 μM and showed stability at pH 5.2 and 7.4 for 48 hours. The molecules do not have chloroquine moiety showed less activity than chloroquine with the best IC50 around 10-50 μM, the γ-hydroxy-γ-lactam-enaminones with a redox motif and γ-hydroxy-γ- lactam having ferrocene moiety are the most active seed molecules with IC50 around 50 to 600 nM. They are also non-cytotoxic up to 50 μM. The mechanism of action of seeds is not yet known, nor in vivo efficacy in a mouse model
Dasser, Mohammed. "Réactions de cycloadditions en série glucidique". Nancy 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NAN10144.
Texto completo da fonteStaub, Isabell Helga [Verfasser], e Stephan [Akademischer Betreuer] Sieber. "β-Lactame und ihre enzymatischen Angriffsziele in multiresistenten Bakterien / Isabell Helga Staub. Betreuer: Stephan Sieber". München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1018163751/34.
Texto completo da fonteBonin, Audrey. "Conception, synthèse et caractérisation d'un monomère pour la fabrication de nanostructures de type capsules". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2014. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/5355.
Texto completo da fonteViceriat, Audrey. "Cycloaddition [3+2] de cétènes avec des aziridines". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAV049/document.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis work focuses on a new type of [3+2] cycloaddition of ketenes with aziridines. Aziridines are good precursors of zwitterionic 1,3-aza-dipoles, by selective C-N bond cleavage catalyzed by Lewis acid. We have found that ketenes react with the 1,3-dipole generated by addition of lithium iodide to the aziridine, efficiently providing the gamma-lactams. This new cycloaddition could be extended to a one-pot simple transformation of imines to gamma-lactams. The synthesis is compatible with a wide range of aromatic imines and stable ketenes. Finally, a one-pot catalytic asymmetric synthesis of enantioenrichied gamma-lactams have been developed starting from olefins, involving an asymmetric nitrene aziridination
Faure, Stéphanie. "Transfert d'un gène de résistance aux beta-lactamines blaCTX-M-9 entre Salmonella et les entérobactéries de la flore intestinale humaine : influence d'un traitement antibiotique". Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00449376.
Texto completo da fonteEyrich, Berit. "Untersuchungen zur Biotransformation neuer substituierter Piperidylbenzilate". Doctoral thesis, [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2002. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=964723913.
Texto completo da fontePachali, Steffen. "Strategien zum stereoselektiven Aufbau von E,Z-Dienamiden und E,E-Dienonen an 1,2-disubstituierte Cyclopentane im Hinblick auf eine Totalsynthese von Aburatubolactam A". Berlin mbv, Mensch-und-Buch-Verl, 2009. http://d-nb.info/1000288013/04.
Texto completo da fonteFerdenzi, Antoine. "Approche des synthèses de la saraïne A et de la misénine, alcaloïdes marins extraits de l'éponge reniera saraï, à partir d'une hypothèse biogénétique commune". Paris 11, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA112242.
Texto completo da fonteHofmann, Christine. "1,4-Allylierungen von [alpha],[beta]-ungesättigten [Alpha-, Beta-ungesättigten] Estern und stereoselektiver Aufbau von (E,Z)-Dienamiden Methodenentwicklung auf dem Weg zu Geodin A". Berlin mbv, Mensch-und-Buch-Verl, 2009. http://d-nb.info/1000281434/04.
Texto completo da fontePflantz, Rebekka Christine. "Synthese neuer Scaffolds für die kombinatorische Chemie". Berlin mbv, Mensch-und-Buch-Verl, 2009. http://d-nb.info/1000289788/04.
Texto completo da fonteFerranti, Vincent. "Etude de la biodégradation ou de la dégradation in vitro de molécules à structure lactame : la primidone et le N-hydroxythalidomide". Rouen, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ROUEA007.
Texto completo da fonteDrug's side effects during therapeutic medications are often induced by in vivo formation of toxic compounds. In vivo and in vitro primidone oxidation and thalidomide hydrolysis give teratogenic products. To determine conditions of chemical stabilization of these two compounds with lactame structure, we compared encapsulated primidone and free primidone metabolisms and thalidomide and its Nhydroxylated derivative hydrolysis product, in vitro. For primidone, we investigated its nanoencapsulation to modify its metabolism and to obtain a best chemical stability, in vivo. Primidone loaded nanocapsules are drug delivery systems prepared according to the interfacial deposition of poly-Ecaprolactone at the interface of benzylalcohol emulsion droplets containing primidone. We elaborated two analytical technics to control primidone encapsulation efficiency, in a first time and to determine simultaneously the urinary and fecal concentration of primidone and its three major metabolites, in a second time. Oral administration of nanocapsules protected primidone against its metabolization. We observed modifications of its oxidative metabolism. For N-Hydroxythalidomide, chirality significance led us to separate the enantiomeric forms under chiral chromatographic conditions. We studied the kinetic of NHydroxythalidomide hydrolysis to define the stability with a HPLC method, in vitro. Hydrolysis products were separated by HPLC and identified with , H NMR and LCMS. This study showed that hydroxy group stabilized the glutarimide ring. Phthalimide ring cleaved casier than glutarimide ring in aqueous medium, in vitro
Oliveira, Sofia Sá. "Intolerância à lactose e persistência da lactase". Bachelor's thesis, [s.n.], 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/7363.
Texto completo da fonteA intolerância à lactose é um assunto amplamente estudado até à data e, por isso, consensual em termos de causa primária, fenótipos clínicos e estratégia terapêutica. Não obstante, subsistem aspetos sob investigação que necessitam de uma maior consolidação científica. Com o objetivo de contribuir para uma melhor compreensão sobre o paradigma da intolerância à lactose e da persistência da lactase, o presente trabalho efetua uma revisão descritiva da informação científica. A sua análise ampla e integrada sublinha a importância da continuidade da investigação e da difusão do conhecimento sobre este tema.
Lactose intolerance is a topic that has been widely studied untill now and, therefore, consensual in terms of primary cause, clinical phenotypes and therapeutic strategy. Nevertheless, there are areas under investigation which require further scientific consolidation. In order to contribute to a better understanding of the paradigm of lactose intolerance and the persistence of lactase, the present paper carries out a descriptive review of the scientific information. Its comprehensive and integrated analysis underlines the importance of continuing research and dissemination of knowledge on this subject.
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Grisel, Julien. "Des cyclobutanones chirales vers la (-)-Salinosporamide A". Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00922996.
Texto completo da fonteHolstein, Philipp. "Enantioselective C(sp3)-H Arylation and Development of a Modular C(sp3)-H Alkenylation". Thesis, Lyon 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO10286.
Texto completo da fonteRecently, transition-metal-catalyzed C-H activation has emerged as a powerful tool to transform stable C-H bonds into carbon-carbon or carbon-heteroatom bonds. While the activation of aromatic C-H bonds has seen a tremendous development, less effort has been devoted to the more challenging activation of aliphatic C-H bonds. Our group has a long-standing interest in the development of C(sp3)-H activation reactions and their application in the synthesis of natural products and bioactive compounds. In line with previous efforts to develop an asymmetric C(sp3)-H activation, the herein presented work details the synthesis of new Binepine ligands. These monodentate, chiral ligands enabled us to realize a highly dia- and enantioselective C(sp3)-H activation reaction allowing the construction of chiral quaternary carbon centers. Strong points of this robust method are the low catalyst loading, the low reaction temperature and the absence of additives. The substrate scope includes the rare activation of methylene C-H bonds leading to fused tricyclic carbocycles and heterocycles. The construction of non-aromatic molecules through intramolecular C-H alkenylation was recently disclosed and has great potential for the construction of saturated natural products. Based on seminal work, we have developed the synthesis of valuable γ- lactams from acyclic bromoalkenes. This new methodology offers a powerful way to build simple, five-membered N heterocycles in a modular fashion. Notably, it enables a new retrosynthetic disconnection which is complementary to conventional approaches. Finally, we set out to showcase its utility as key step in the total synthesis of the pyrrolidine alkaloid Plakoridine A. The cyclic core structure was accessed in four steps and 37% overall yield
Betou, Marie. "Semipinacol rearrangement of cis-fused β-lactam diols into bicyclic lactams". Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2013. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/4348/.
Texto completo da fonteLucas, Steve. "Utilisation de réactifs siliciés (acétals de cétène silylés, diènoxysilanes) dans des réactions d'aldolisation croisée. Application à la synthèse de β-lactames". Rouen, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ROUES076.
Texto completo da fonteGuignard, Guillaume Michel Pablo. "Open-chain building blocks from chiral lactams. Enantioselective synthesis of macrocyclic nitrogen-containing natural products". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/396650.
Texto completo da fontePérez, Bosch Maria. "Addicions conjugades a lactames bicícliques derivades del fenilglicinol: síntesi enantioselectiva de piperidines 3,4- i 3,4,5-substituïdes". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/673099.
Texto completo da fonteMohammed, Shireen Rashid. "Development of new radical processes : approaches toward the synthesis of Eucophylline". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0264/document.
Texto completo da fonteThe aim of this work was to develop new radical multi-component processes and their application in organic synthesis. Carbo-alkenylation processes were thus performed with new radical precursors, different olefins, in the presence of Z-diphenylsulfonylethylene as a terminal acceptor. Reaction conditions have also been optimized, including the diphenylsulfonylhydrazine as a radical initiator under U.V. irradiation, and substitute to the costly DTBHN. Tin-free conditions were also screened with the goal of replacing (Bu3Sn)2 with silyl radicals. Tris(trimethylsilyl)silylthiopropene was tested with success as a radical chain carrier. After this methodology studies, we developed a strategy toward the synthesis of Eucophylline, an alcaloid isolated from Leuconotis griffithii, which tetracyclic skeleton was elaborated based on a carbo-oximation of olefin. This multicomponent process, followed by a reduction of the oxime function and a lactamization offered a fast access to the bicyclo[3.3.1]lactam, a key-intermediate in the synthesis. A Friedländer-type reaction between this lactam and an ortho-aminobenzonitrile allowed an access to the Eucophylline tetrahydrobenzo[1,8]naphthyridine skeleton. The synthesis of the model compound was finally completed with the introduction of the vinylic substituent through a Heck coupling
Halie, Delphine. "Synthèse diastéréosélective de mimes du peptide RGD". Paris 5, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA05P639.
Texto completo da fontePeuhkuri, Katri. "Lactose, lactase, and bowel disorders : reducing hypolactasia-related gastrointestinal symptoms by improving the digetibility og lactose". Helsinki : University of Helsinki, 2000. http://ethesis.helsinki.fi/julkaisut/laa/biola/vk/peuhkuri/.
Texto completo da fonteMesserschmitt, Alexandre. "Utilisation d’unités γ-lactames pour le développement de vecteurs de pénétration intracellulaire et la conception de foldamères". Thesis, Montpellier, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MONTS018/document.
Texto completo da fonteThe use of α-amino-γ-lactam oligomers (Agl-αAA) as cell penetrating vectors are described in this work. These ribbon structured oligomers are able to cross the cell membrane to reach the cytosol and deliver a biologically active cargo. Unlike peptide sequences, these oligomers display a strong enzymatic resistance. A new family of α-amino-γ-lactam oligomers (Agl-βAA) obtained from conversion of /β peptide sequences are also described. Secondary structure of these molecules have been studied by NMR, FTIR, CD and XRD. These oligomers are able to adopt a stable 12-helix structure. Unexpectedly, these oligomers are soluble in aqueous mediums without any hydrophilic side chains
Warren, H. A. "New routes to sugar lactams, lactim ethers and cyclic amidines". Thesis, Swansea University, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.639351.
Texto completo da fonteGao, Kai-Ping, Takahiro Mitsui, Kotoyo Fujiki, Hiroshi Ishiguro e Takaharu Kondo. "Effect of lactase preparations in asymptomatic individuals with lactase deficiency : gastric digestion of lactose and breath hydrogen analysis". Nagoya University School of Medicine, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/5376.
Texto completo da fonteLowinsohn, Denise. "Desenvolvimento de um sensor para análise de lactato em amostras alimentares e biológicas". Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/46/46133/tde-14082007-111340/.
Texto completo da fonteResults on the investigation of the electrochemical behavior of lactate and hydrogen peroxide at various electrodic surfaces at different pHs using cyclic voltammetry are presented. Experiments were also carried out with platinum and glassy carbon electrodes modified with hexacyanoferrate films. The advantage of using CTAB in the electrodeposition step of Prussian Blue films onto glassy carbon surfaces was confirmed taking into account both the stability and sensitivity of measurements. The immobilization of lactate oxidase onto glassy carbon electrodes modified with a Prussian Blue layer using Nafion® was performed to fabricate a biosensor for lactate. The biosensor was used in the development of a FIA amperometric method for the determination of lactate. Under optimal operating conditions (pH = 6.9, E = -0.1 V), the linear response of the method was extended up to 0.28 mmol L-1 lactate with a limit of detection of 0.84 µmol L-1. The repeatability of the method for injections of a 0.28 mmol L-1 lactate solution was 2.2 % (n = 18). The analytical frequency was calculated as 160 injections h-1. The usefulness of the method was demonstrated by determining lactate in beer (alcoholic and nonalcoholic beers) and blood samples (lyophilized and freshly collected). Finally, the influence of physical exercise on the blood lactate level was studied. Results obtained by using the proposed amperometric detector compared well with the reference method.
Hoyle, Anthony Michael. "The evolution β-lactam-β-lactamase inhibitor resistance in Escherichia coli". Thesis, University of Leeds, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.414282.
Texto completo da fonteSaidah, Milane. "Synthèse énantiosélective de gamma-lactames possédant un centre tétrasubstitué". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023AIXM0034.
Texto completo da fonteIn view of the emergence of organocatalysts compounds as powerful tools for asymmetric catalysis, the development of processes involving chiral ion pairs has proven successful. Notably, Asymmetric Counterion-Directed Catalysis (ACDC) is well-known to be an efficient strategy for enantioselective reactions involving cationic species and enantiomerically pure counteranions. More specifically, cyclic N-acyliminium ions are key intermediates in the preparation of enantioenriched gamma-lactams. Based on the concept of ACDC, this work has focused on the construction of tetrasubstituted carbon centers via an organocatalyzed alpha-amidoalkylation reaction by chiral phosphoric acids from gamma-hydroxylactams
Mattanna, Paula. "DESENVOLVIMENTO DE REQUEIJÃO CREMOSO COM BAIXO TEOR DE LACTOSE PRODUZIDO POR ACIDIFICAÇÃO DIRETA E COAGULAÇÃO ENZIMÁTICA". Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2011. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/5696.
Texto completo da fonteMuch of the world population has problems in consuming milk and dairy products because some people are lactose intolerant. To be absorbed in the intestine lactose needs to be hydrolyzed by lactase enzyme. People with lactose intolerance do not produce lactase and therefore can not enjoy milk and dairy products benefits. This work aim to prepare requeijões cremosos by two different processes (direct acidification and enzymatic coagulation) by adding lactase enzyme at different concentrations (0.2; 0.5 and 0.8 g of lactase enzyme per liter of milk, respectively) and evaluating their physico-chemical, microbiological and sensory properties compared with requeijões control sample. In relation to physical and chemical characteristics the requeijões prepared are in accordance with current law. The lactose was hydrolyzed in more than 70 % for the treatments with adding of the lactase enzyme, enough to alleviate symptoms of intolerance in people who not well absorb lactose. Lactose found in "requeijões" with added lactase are considered low, within the standards regulated by the laws of foods for special purposes. The requeijões were sensoring accepted, no difference was detected statistic by Tukey test (p<0.05) in testing by a hedonic scale among treatments. The lipid profile of requeijões , the total saturated fatty acids ranged from 62.76% to 64.70%, while total unsaturated ranged from 34.36% to 38.36%. In the texture profile analysis only the firmness and elasticity parameters differed significantly (p< 0,05) during the storage period (60 days). Considering the results it is possible conclude that the enzyme lactase used in the experiment efficiently hydrolyzed the lactose of the requeijões , and, did not affect the physico-chemical and sensory characteristics of the product, then this is a viable option for the lactose intolerant people.
Grande parte da população mundial tem problemas em consumir leite e seus derivados por serem intolerantes à lactose. Para ser absorvida, a lactose necessita ser hidrolisada no intestino pela enzima lactase. As pessoas intolerantes à lactose não produzem a lactase e, portanto, não podem desfrutar dos benefícios do leite e de seus derivados. O presente estudo teve como objetivo elaborar requeijões cremosos com baixo teor de lactose obtidos por dois diferentes processos (acidificação direta e coagulação enzimática) a partir de leites adicionados de enzima lactase em diferentes concentrações (0,2; 0,5 e 0,8g de enzima por litro de leite) e avaliar as suas características físico-químicas, microbiológicas e sensoriais em comparação com requeijões cremosos controle. Quanto às características físicoquímicas os requeijões elaborados estão de acordo com a legislação vigente. A lactose foi hidrolisada em mais de 70% para os tratamentos com adição de enzima lactase, suficiente para amenizar os sintomas de intolerância em pessoas que possuem má absorção da lactose. Os teores de lactose encontrados nos requeijões com adição de lactase foram considerados baixos, dentro dos padrões regulamentados pela legislação de alimentos para fins especiais. As contagens de micro-organismos se mantiveram dentro do exigido pela legislação brasileira. Os requeijões foram aceitos sensorialmente, não sendo detectada diferença estatística entre os tratamentos pelo teste de Tukey (p< 0,05) no teste por escala hedônica. No perfil lipídico dos requeijões, o total de ácidos graxos saturados variou 62,76% a 64,70%, enquanto o total de insaturados variou de 34,36% a 38,36%. Na análise do perfil de textura apenas os parâmetros firmeza e elasticidade diferiram significativamente (p<0,05) durante o período de armazenamento (60 dias). Considerando os resultados obtidos pode-se concluir que a enzima lactase utilizada hidrolisou eficientemente a lactose dos requeijões e não comprometeu as características físico-químicas e sensoriais do produto, sendo este então uma opção viável para indivíduos intolerantes a lactose.