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Artigos de revistas sobre o tema "Maternal nutrients"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 4 de junho de 2021

Última modificação: 21 de fevereiro de 2023

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1

Caton, Joel, Matthew S. Crouse, Lawrence P. Reynolds, Carl R. Dahlen, Bryan W. Neville, Pawel P. Borowicz, Tammi L. Neville, Kyle J. McLean, and Alison K. Ward. "406 Maternal nutrition during early gestation: Impacts on developmental outcomes." Journal of Animal Science 98, Supplement_4 (November 3, 2020): 201–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaa278.372.

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Abstract Changes in maternal nutrition that represent inadequacies or excesses in nutrient supply have been implicated in altered fetal development as well as offspring outcomes and have been termed fetal or developmental programming. Research in the area of developmental programming of livestock has greatly increased during the last two decades. For ruminants, most research efforts in developmental programming have focused on nutritional perturbations during the last two-thirds of gestation. Unfortunately, research investigating changes to maternal nutrient supply during early gestation or ev

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Randunu, Raniru S., and Robert F. Bertolo. "The Effects of Maternal and Postnatal Dietary Methyl Nutrients on Epigenetic Changes that Lead to Non-Communicable Diseases in Adulthood." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 9 (May 6, 2020): 3290. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21093290.

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The risk for non-communicable diseases in adulthood can be programmed by early nutrition. This programming is mediated by changes in expression of key genes in various metabolic pathways during development, which persist into adulthood. These developmental modifications of genes are due to epigenetic alterations in DNA methylation patterns. Recent studies have demonstrated that DNA methylation can be affected by maternal or early postnatal diets. Because methyl groups for methylation reactions come from methionine cycle nutrients (i.e., methionine, choline, betaine, folate), deficiency or supp

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G. Silva, Maria-Raquel, and Maria Luisa Bellotto. "Nutritional Requirements for Maternal and Newborn Health." Current Women s Health Reviews 11, no. 1 (September 14, 2015): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157340481101150914201357.

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During pregnancy, dietary energy and nutrient requirements are increased to support metabolism changes of the mother, as blood volume and red cells expansion, and the delivery of energy and nutrients to the fetus. This review aims to: i) identify and discuss maternal physiological changes during pregnancy related to nutrition; ii) clarify about the most recently nutritional recommendations for pregnant women, including special groups of pregnant women, who do not usually practice a healthy diet, those who are in high-risk categories and pregnant athletes; iii) and clarify the importance of bre

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McKee, Sarah E., and Teresa M. Reyes. "Effect of supplementation with methyl-donor nutrients on neurodevelopment and cognition: considerations for future research." Nutrition Reviews 76, no. 7 (April 25, 2018): 497–511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuy007.

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Abstract Pregnancy represents a critical period in fetal development, such that the prenatal environment can, in part, establish a lifelong trajectory of health or disease for the offspring. Poor nutrition (macro- or micronutrient deficiencies) can adversely affect brain development and significantly increase offspring risk for metabolic and neurological disease development. The concentration of dietary methyl-donor nutrients is known to alter DNA methylation in the brain, and alterations in DNA methylation can have long-lasting effects on gene expression and neuronal function. The decreased a

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Schaefer, Ella, Hans Demmelmair, Jeannie Horak, Lesca Holdt, Veit Grote, Karoline Maar, Christoph Neuhofer, et al. "Multiple Micronutrients, Lutein, and Docosahexaenoic Acid Supplementation during Lactation: A Randomized Controlled Trial." Nutrients 12, no. 12 (December 16, 2020): 3849. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12123849.

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Breastfed infants require an adequate supply of critical nutrients for growth, tissue functions, and health. Recommended intakes for several nutrients are considerably higher in lactating than non-lactating women but are not always met with habitual diets. We report a randomized, double-blind clinical trial in 70 healthy lactating women in Germany evaluating the effects of supplementation with multiple micronutrients, lutein, and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) compared to placebo on maternal nutrient status and milk composition. The primary endpoint was the effect on the change of human milk DHA c

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Zhang, Wen-Hao, Yuchan Zhou, Katherine E. Dibley, Stephen D. Tyerman, Robert T. Furbank, and John W. Patrick. "Review: Nutrient loading of developing seeds." Functional Plant Biology 34, no. 4 (2007): 314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp06271.

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Interest in nutrient loading of seeds is fuelled by its central importance to plant reproductive success and human nutrition. Rates of nutrient loading, imported through the phloem, are regulated by transport and transfer processes located in sources (leaves, stems, reproductive structures), phloem pathway and seed sinks. During the early phases of seed development, most control is likely to be imposed by a low conductive pathway of differentiating phloem cells serving developing seeds. Following the onset of storage product accumulation by seeds, and, depending on nutrient species, dominance

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Robinson, J. J., K. D. Sinclair, and T. G. McEvoy. "Nutritional effects on foetal growth." Animal Science 68, no. 2 (March 1999): 315–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1357729800050323.

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AbstractThe emphasis in nutritional studies on foetal growth has now moved from the last trimester of pregnancy, when most of the increase in foetal size takes place, to earlier stages of pregnancy that coincide with foetal organogenesis and tissue hyperplasia. At these stages absolute nutrient requirements for foetal growth are small but foetal metabolic activity and specific growth rate are high. It is thus a time when nutrient supply interacts with maternal factors such as size, body condition and degree of maturity to influence placental growth and set the subsequent pattern of nutrient pa

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Satterfield, M. Carey, Ashley K. Edwards, Fuller W. Bazer, Kathrin A. Dunlap, Chelsie B. Steinhauser, and Guoyao Wu. "Placental adaptation to maternal malnutrition." Reproduction 162, no. 4 (October 1, 2021): R73—R83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep-21-0179.

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Maternal malnutrition gives rise to both short- and long-term consequences for the survival and health of the offspring. As the intermediary between mother and fetus, the placenta has the potential to interpret environmental signals, such as nutrient availability, and adapt to support fetal growth and development. While this potential is present, it is clear that at times placental adaptation fails to occur resulting in poor pregnancy outcomes. This review will focus on placental responses to maternal undernutrition related to changes in placental vascularization and hemodynamics and placental

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Jiang, Xinyin, Chauntelle Jack-Roberts, Kaydine Edwards, Ella Gilboa, Ikhtiyor Djuraev, and Mudar Dalloul. "Association of Methylation-Related Nutrient Intake and Status with Offspring DNA Methylation in Pregnant Women with and Without Gestational Diabetes Mellitus." Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (May 29, 2020): 1016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa054_088.

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Abstract Objectives Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with alterations in DNA methylation in the placenta and offspring tissues. Nutrients participating in the methionine cycle (e.g., choline, betaine, folate, vitamin B12, methionine) influence the supply of methyl groups. The objective of this research was to determine whether maternal intake and status of these nutrients during pregnancy may interact with the GDM status to shape the offspring epigenome. Methods We conducted 3-day dietary recalls and collected blood samples from pregnant women with and without GDM (n = 22/grou

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Morton, Sarah U., Rutvi Vyas, Borjan Gagoski, Catherine Vu, Jonathan Litt, Ryan J. Larsen, Matthew J. Kuchan, et al. "Maternal Dietary Intake of Omega-3 Fatty Acids Correlates Positively with Regional Brain Volumes in 1-Month-Old Term Infants." Cerebral Cortex 30, no. 4 (November 11, 2019): 2057–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhz222.

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Abstract Maternal nutrition is an important factor for infant neurodevelopment. However, prior magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies on maternal nutrients and infant brain have focused mostly on preterm infants or on few specific nutrients and few specific brain regions. We present a first study in term-born infants, comprehensively correlating 73 maternal nutrients with infant brain morphometry at the regional (61 regions) and voxel (over 300 000 voxel) levels. Both maternal nutrition intake diaries and infant MRI were collected at 1 month of life (0.9 ± 0.5 months) for 92 term-born infant

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Johnson, Rachel K., Helen Smiciklas-Wright, Ann C. Crouter, and Fern K. Willits. "Maternal Employment and the Quality of Young Children's Diets: Empirical Evidence Based on the 1987-1988 Nationwide Food Consumption Survey." Pediatrics 90, no. 2 (August 1, 1992): 245–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.90.2.245.

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Data from 442 children, aged 2 to 5, who were participants in the 1987-1988 Nationwide Food Consumption Survey, were examined to determine the effect of maternal employment on the quality of their diets. Diet quality was assessed by examining nutrient adequacy and nutrient overconsumption using the 3-day average of one 24-hour recall and 2 days of written diet records. To assess dietary adequacy, a mean adequacy ratio of the four nutrients (zinc, vitamin E, iron, and calcium) for which 30% or more of the children fell below 77% of the Recommended Dietary Allowances was constructed. Percent cal

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Sebastiani, Giorgia, Cristina Borrás-Novell, Miguel Alsina Casanova, Mireia Pascual Tutusaus, Silvia Ferrero Martínez, María Dolores Gómez Roig, and Oscar García-Algar. "The Effects of Alcohol and Drugs of Abuse on Maternal Nutritional Profile during Pregnancy." Nutrients 10, no. 8 (August 2, 2018): 1008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10081008.

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The consumption of alcohol and drugs of abuse among pregnant women has experienced a significant increase in the last decades. Suitable maternal nutritional status is crucial to maintain the optimal environment for fetal development but if consumption of alcohol or drugs of abuse disrupt the intake of nutrients, the potential teratogenic effects of these substances increase. Despite evidence of the importance of nutrition in addicted pregnant women, there is a lack of information on the effects of alcohol and drugs of abuse on maternal nutritional status; so, the focus of this review was to pr

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Ruiz-Palacios, María, Antonio José Ruiz-Alcaraz, María Sanchez-Campillo, and Elvira Larqué. "Role of Insulin in Placental Transport of Nutrients in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus." Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism 70, no. 1 (2017): 16–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000455904.

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Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with increased fetal adiposity, which may increase the risk of obesity in adulthood. The placenta has insulin receptors and maternal insulin can activate its signaling pathways, affecting the transport of nutrients to the fetus. However, the effects of diet or insulin treatment on the placental pathophysiology of GDM are unknown. Summary: There are very few studies on possible defects in the insulin signaling pathway in the GDM placenta. Such defects could influence the placental transport of nutrients to the fetus. In this review w

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Wulff, RD, H. F. Causin, O. Benitez, and P. A. Bacalini. "Intraspecific variability and maternal effects in the response to nutrient addition in Chenopodium album." Canadian Journal of Botany 77, no. 8 (November 21, 1999): 1150–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b99-124.

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Intrapopulational variability in the response to nutrient addition was studied in plants of the widespread annual weedChenopodium album L. Five seed "families" (each the progeny of a single individual) were selected at random from a natural population, and the germinated seeds were grown for two generations with either a high or a low nutrient supply. Sequential harvests were performed in which we measured plant height, total biomass, leaf area, root/shoot ratios, and reproductive characteristics for each plant. The data were analysed with two- or three-way analysis of variance. The response t

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Sosa-Castillo, Elizabeth, Maricela Rodríguez-Cruz, and Carolina Moltó-Puigmartí. "Genomics of lactation: role of nutrigenomics and nutrigenetics in the fatty acid composition of human milk." British Journal of Nutrition 118, no. 3 (August 14, 2017): 161–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114517001854.

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AbstractHuman milk covers the infant’s nutrient requirements during the first 6 months of life. The composition of human milk progressively changes during lactation and it is influenced by maternal nutritional factors. Nowadays, it is well known that nutrients have the ability to interact with genes and modulate molecular mechanisms impacting physiological functions. This has led to a growing interest among researchers in exploring nutrition at a molecular level and to the development of two fields of study: nutrigenomics, which evaluates the influence of nutrients on gene expression, and nutr

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Werkman, M., J. A. Rooke, K. McIlvaney, C. M. Dwyer, and C. J. Ashworth. "Effects of mild early-and mid-pregnancy under-nutrition on foetal and placental development in Scottish Blackface and Suffolk sheep." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 2009 (April 2009): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200029124.

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Nutrient intake during pregnancy affects foetal development and placental function in a range of species, often with long-term effects on offspring viability. Maternal nutrient supply is believed to affect the ability of the placenta to deliver nutrients to the foetus (Fowden et al., 2006). In ruminant species, the majority of placental nutrient transport occurs in specialised structures called placentomes, which are categorised into 4 types (A-D) based on their morphological appearance. In type A placentomes, maternal tissue surrounds foetal tissues, whereas type D placentomes are typically e

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Jha, Rajesh, Razib Das, and Pravin Mishra. "129 Maternal Nutrition and in Ovo Feeding Affect Gut Health and Performance of Poultry." Journal of Animal Science 99, Supplement_3 (October 8, 2021): 68–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skab235.124.

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Abstract Maintaining a healthy gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is critical for better nutrient utilization, optimum performance, and overall health of poultry. Thus, several nutritional strategies have been tried to improve poultry’s gut health. More recently, different nutrients and feed additives are being used in poultry diets with some success when antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) are not an acceptable option anymore. However, effective modulation of gut health depends on the methods and timing of the compound being available to host animals. Routinely, the alternatives to AGP like prebiotic

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Ford, S. P., and N. M. Long. "Evidence for similar changes in offspring phenotype following either maternal undernutrition or overnutrition: potential impact on fetal epigenetic mechanisms." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 24, no. 1 (2012): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd11911.

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The goal of this review is to shed light on the role of maternal malnutrition in inducing epigenetic changes in gene expression, leading to alterations in fetal growth and development, and to altered postnatal phenotype and the development of metabolic disease. We present evidence supporting the concept that both maternal undernutrition and overnutrition can induce the same cadre of fetal organ and tissue abnormalities and lead to the same postnatal metabolic changes in the resulting offspring. Furthermore, we present evidence that in both overnourished and undernourished ovine pregnancies, fe

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Kelly, Amy C., Theresa L. Powell, and Thomas Jansson. "Placental function in maternal obesity." Clinical Science 134, no. 8 (April 2020): 961–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs20190266.

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Abstract Maternal obesity is associated with pregnancy complications and increases the risk for the infant to develop obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease later in life. However, the mechanisms linking the maternal obesogenic environment to adverse short- and long-term outcomes remain poorly understood. As compared with pregnant women with normal BMI, women entering pregnancy obese have more pronounced insulin resistance, higher circulating plasma insulin, leptin, IGF-1, lipids and possibly proinflammatory cytokines and lower plasma adiponectin. Importantly, the changes in maternal lev

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Scholl, T. O., M. L. Hediger, J. I. Schall, C. S. Khoo, and R. L. Fischer. "Maternal growth during pregnancy and the competition for nutrients." American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 60, no. 2 (August 1, 1994): 183–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/60.2.183.

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Ramírez-Alarcón, Karina, Ángela Sánchez-Agurto, Liliana Lamperti, and Miquel Martorell. "Epigenetics, Maternal Diet and Metabolic Programming." Open Biology Journal 7, no. 1 (December 13, 2019): 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874196701907010045.

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Background: The maternal environment influences embryonic and fetal life. Nutritional deficits or excesses alter the trajectory of fetus/offspring’s development. The concept of “developmental programming” and “developmental origins of health and disease” consists of the idea that maternal diet may remodel the genome and lead to epigenetic changes. These changes are induced during early life, permanently altering the phenotype in the posterior adult stage, favoring the development of metabolic diseases such as obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, hyperinsulinemia, and metabolic syndrome. In thi

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Kravtsova, E. I., I. I. Kutsenko, I. O. Borovikov, and S. K. Batmen. "Nutrition and nutritional support during pregnancy." Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health 3, no. 4 (2020): 233–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.32364/2618-8430-2020-3-4-233-241.

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Increased nutrient needs during pregnancy are accounted for by physiological changes in the maternal organism and requirements of the developing and growing baby. They are realized through a number of physiological adaptations in nutrient metabolism. Physiological pregnancy and adequate fetal development are impossible in deficient nutrients, vitamins, and microelements. Randomized clinical trials in pregnant women have demonstrated that nutrient deficiency in the maternal organism results in pregnancy complications and health problems in the newborn but also accounts for a wide range of chron

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Caton, Joel S. "148 Nutritional advances in fetal and neonatal development: Introduction to current knowledge." Journal of Animal Science 98, Supplement_3 (November 2, 2020): 120–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaa054.205.

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Abstract Processes associated with appropriate fetal and neonatal development from the periconceptual through the neonatal phases of life are critical for offspring health and productivity throughout life. The objectives are to provide a brief introduction to the current knowledge associated with nutritional advances in fetal and neonatal development. The concept of developmental or fetal programming is that inappropriate events during critical developmental stages can have lasting impacts on offspring outcomes. This idea has emerged over the past three decades to become a major research focus

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Leese, Henry J., Sasha A. Hugentobler, Susan M. Gray, Dermot G. Morris, Roger G. Sturmey, Sarah-Louise Whitear, and Joseph M. Sreenan. "Female reproductive tract fluids: composition, mechanism of formation and potential role in the developmental origins of health and disease." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 20, no. 1 (2008): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd07153.

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The oviduct and uterus provide the environments for the earliest stages of mammalian embryo development. However, little is known about the mechanisms that underlie the formation of oviduct and uterine fluids, or the extent to which the supply of nutrients via these reproductive tract tissues matches the nutrient requirements of early embryos. After reviewing our limited knowledge of these phenomena, a new experimental paradigm is proposed in which the epithelia lining the endosalpinx and endometrium are seen as the final components in a supply line that links maternal diet at one end and embr

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Wallace, Jacqueline M. "Competition for nutrients in pregnant adolescents: consequences for maternal, conceptus and offspring endocrine systems." Journal of Endocrinology 242, no. 1 (July 2019): T1—T19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/joe-18-0670.

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The competition for nutrients that arises when pregnancy coincides with continuing or incomplete growth in young adolescent girls increases the risk of preterm delivery and low birthweight with negative after-effects for mother and child extending beyond the perinatal period. Sheep paradigms involving nutritional management of weight and adiposity in young, biologically immature adolescents have allowed the consequences of differential maternal growth status to be explored. Although nutrient reserves at conception play a modest role, it is the dietary manipulation of the maternal growth trajec

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Rees, William D. "Interactions between nutrients in the maternal diet and the implications for the long-term health of the offspring." Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 78, no. 1 (October 31, 2018): 88–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0029665118002537.

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Nutritional science has traditionally used the reductionist approach to understand the roles of individual nutrients in growth and development. The macronutrient dense but micronutrient poor diets consumed by many in the Western world may not result in an overt deficiency; however, there may be situations where multiple mild deficiencies combine with excess energy to alter cellular metabolism. These interactions are especially important in pregnancy as changes in early development modify the risk of developing non-communicable diseases later in life. Nutrient interactions affect all stages of

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Lee, Yu Qi, Eugenie R. Lumbers, Tracy L. Schumacher, Clare E. Collins, Kym M. Rae, and Kirsty G. Pringle. "Maternal Diet Influences Fetal Growth but Not Fetal Kidney Volume in an Australian Indigenous Pregnancy Cohort." Nutrients 13, no. 2 (February 9, 2021): 569. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13020569.

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Suboptimal nutrition during pregnancy is recognised as a significant modifiable determinant in the development of chronic disease in offspring in later life. The current study aimed: (i) to assess the dietary intakes of pregnant Indigenous Australian women against national recommendations and (ii) to investigate the associations between maternal nutrition during pregnancy and the growth of the offspring, including kidney development in late gestation in the Gomeroi gaaynggal cohort (n = 103). Maternal dietary intake in the third trimester was assessed using the Australian Eating Survey Food Fr

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Lohia, Neha, Shobha Udipi, Padmini Ghugre та Kishori Deshpande. "Serum Retinol, α-tocopherol, and Lipid Peroxide Concentrations in Low-income Indian Pregnant Mothers". International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research 79, № 3 (1 травня 2009): 142–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/0300-9831.79.3.142.

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Serum α-tocopherol, retinol, and malondialdehyde concentrations were measured at 7th month of pregnancy in 122 women from low socio-economic background. Maternal anthropometric measurements, 24-hour nutrient intakes, and pregnancy outcome were recorded. One-third (34.3 %) of mothers had low birth weight babies and 10 % delivered preterm. Maternal diets were inadequate in all the nutrients, the most limiting being vitamin A. Three-fourths of mothers had intakes less than 25 % of the Indian recommended daily intake (RDI) of 600 µg retinol equivalents/day. Serum α-tocopherol concentrations of 98

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Giudice, Linda S. "Implanted fertilized egg and maternal organism." Problems of Endocrinology 45, no. 3 (June 15, 1999): 30–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/probl11767.

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The symbiotic relationship between the mother and the fertilized egg is a continuous connection on which the continuation of the species depends. The most important goal of an implanting embryo is to attach to the maternal endometrium and then introduce it. Thus, he provides for himself a safe place for the next 9 months and access to the nutrients necessary for his existence and continued growth.

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Mota-Rojas, D., H. Orozco-Gregorio, D. Villanueva-Garcia, H. Bonilla-Jaime, X. Suarez-Bonilla, R. Hernandez-Gonzalez, P. Roldan-Santiago, and ME Trujillo-Ortega. "Foetal and neonatal energy metabolism in pigs and humans: a review." Veterinární Medicína 56, No. 5 (June 10, 2011): 215–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/1565-vetmed.

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The aim of this review was to elaborate a conceptual framework of the most important aspects of the main biochemical processes of synthesis and breakdown of energy substrates that human and pig foetuses and newborns can use during the transition from foetus to newborn. Under normal physiological conditions, the growth and development of the foetus depends upon nutrients such as glucose, lipids and amino acids. In addition to the maternal and foetal status, genetic factors are also reported to play a role. The main function of the placenta in all species is to promote the selective transport of

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Lecorguillé, Marion, Sandrine Lioret, Blandine de Lauzon-Guillain, Erwan de Gavelle, Anne Forhan, François Mariotti, Marie-Aline Charles, and Barbara Heude. "Association between Dietary Intake of One-Carbon Metabolism Nutrients in the Year before Pregnancy and Birth Anthropometry." Nutrients 12, no. 3 (March 20, 2020): 838. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12030838.

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Few studies have evaluated the role of methylation-pathway nutrients involved in fetal growth (B vitamins, choline, betaine, and methionine). These one-carbon metabolism (OCM) nutrients are essential for DNA methylation in the periconception period. We aimed to characterize dietary patterns of 1638 women from the EDEN mother-child cohort in the year before pregnancy according to the contribution of OCM nutrients and to study the association of such patterns with anthropometric measurements at birth. Dietary intake before pregnancy was assessed by using a semi-quantitative food frequency questi

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Rodríguez-Cano, Ameyalli M., Claudia C. Calzada-Mendoza, Guadalupe Estrada-Gutierrez, Jonatan A. Mendoza-Ortega, and Otilia Perichart-Perera. "Nutrients, Mitochondrial Function, and Perinatal Health." Nutrients 12, no. 7 (July 21, 2020): 2166. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12072166.

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Mitochondria are active independent organelles that not only meet the cellular energy requirement but also regulate central cellular activities. Mitochondria can play a critical role in physiological adaptations during pregnancy. Differences in mitochondrial function have been found between healthy and complicated pregnancies. Pregnancy signifies increased nutritional requirements to support fetal growth and the metabolism of maternal and fetal tissues. Nutrient availability regulates mitochondrial metabolism, where excessive macronutrient supply could lead to oxidative stress and contribute t

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Li, Shuying, Xiubiao Tian, Yiyun Wang, Xumei Zhang, Liwen Zhang, Chen Li, Jing Li, et al. "Associations of Maternal rs1801131 Genotype in MTHFR and Serum Folate and Vitamin B12 with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Chinese Pregnant Women." Nutrients 14, no. 6 (March 10, 2022): 1169. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14061169.

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Circumstantial evidence links one-carbon metabolism (OCM) related nutrients, such as folate and vitamin B12, with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). However, few studies have evaluated the combined effects of these nutrients with OCM related gene polymorphisms on GDM. This study investigated whether OCM related genetic variants modified the associations of folate and B12 with GDM. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) for OCM related nutrients and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes encoding main OCM related enzymes (MTHFR, MTR, and MTRR) on GDM. Higher folat

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Wu, Yi, Zhibin Cheng, Yueyu Bai, and Xi Ma. "Epigenetic Mechanisms of Maternal Dietary Protein and Amino Acids Affecting Growth and Development of Offspring." Current Protein & Peptide Science 20, no. 7 (June 27, 2019): 727–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389203720666190125110150.

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Nutrients can regulate metabolic activities of living organisms through epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation, histone modification, and RNA regulation. Since the nutrients required for early embryos and postpartum lactation are derived in whole or in part from maternal and lactating nutrition, the maternal nutritional level affects the growth and development of fetus and creates a profound relationship between disease development and early environmental exposure in the offspring’s later life. Protein is one of the most important biological macromolecules, involved in almost every p

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Williams, Janet E., William J. Price, Bahman Shafii, Katherine M. Yahvah, Lars Bode, Mark A. McGuire, and Michelle K. McGuire. "Relationships Among Microbial Communities, Maternal Cells, Oligosaccharides, and Macronutrients in Human Milk." Journal of Human Lactation 33, no. 3 (June 13, 2017): 540–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0890334417709433.

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Background: Human milk provides all essential nutrients necessary for early life and is rich in nonnutrients, maternally derived (host) cells, and bacteria, but almost nothing is known about the interplay among these components. Research aim: The primary objective of this research was to characterize relationships among macronutrients, maternal cells, and bacteria in milk. Methods: Milk samples were collected from 16 women and analyzed for protein, lipid, fatty acid, lactose, and human milk oligosaccharide concentrations. Concentrations of maternal cells were determined using microscopy, and s

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Nnam, N. M. "Improving maternal nutrition for better pregnancy outcomes." Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 74, no. 4 (August 12, 2015): 454–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0029665115002396.

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Much has been learned during the past several decades about the role of maternal nutrition in the outcome of pregnancy. While the bulk of the data is derived from animal models, human observations are gradually accumulating. There is need to improve maternal nutrition because of the high neonatal mortality rate especially in developing countries. The author used a conceptual framework which took both primary and secondary factors into account when interpreting study findings. Nutrition plays a vital role in reducing some of the health risks associated with pregnancy such as risk of fetal and i

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Oftedal, Olav T. "Use of maternal reserves as a lactation strategy in large mammals." Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 59, no. 1 (February 2000): 99–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0029665100000124.

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The substrate demands of lactation must be met by increased dietary intake or by mobilization of nutrients from tissues. The capacity of animals to rely on stored nutrients depends to a large extent on body size; large animals have greater stores, relative to the demands of lactation, than do small animals. The substrate demands of lactation depend on the composition and amount of milk produced. Animals that fast or feed little during lactation are expected to produce milks low in sugar but high in fat, in order to minimize needs for gluconeogenesis while sustaining energy transfers to the you

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Rai, Deshanie, Julia K. Bird, Michael I. McBurney, and Karen M. Chapman-Novakofski. "Nutritional status as assessed by nutrient intakes and biomarkers among women of childbearing age – is the burden of nutrient inadequacies growing in America?" Public Health Nutrition 18, no. 9 (October 13, 2014): 1658–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980014002067.

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AbstractObjectiveUnderstanding nutrient intakes among women of childbearing age within the USA is important given the accumulating evidence that maternal body weight gain and nutrient intakes prior to pregnancy may influence the health and well-being of the offspring. The objective of the present study was to evaluate nutritional status in women of childbearing age and to ascertain the influence of ethnicity and income on nutrient intakes.DesignNutritional status was assessed using data on nutrient intakes through foods and supplements from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

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Ling, P. R., B. R. Bistrian, G. L. Blackburn, and N. Istfan. "Effect of continuous feeding on maternal protein metabolism and fetal growth in the rat." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 256, no. 6 (June 1, 1989): E852—E862. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.1989.256.6.e852.

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Accelerated maternal catabolism ensures adequate fetal growth in the postabsorptive pregnant mammal during late gestation. However, the relative importance of maternal stores and diet in supplying nutrient requirements to the fetus is unknown. We have measured rates of protein synthesis and breakdown in maternal and fetal tissues during continuous intravenous feeding on days 17 and 20 in the rat, using leucine tracer infusions. Nutrient solutions supplying 180 and 250 kcal.kg-1.day-1 were tested. Changes in fetal size were measured in these rats and in rats maintained on ad libitum chow feedin

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Martin-Gronert, M. S., and S. E. Ozanne. "Maternal nutrition during pregnancy and health of the offspring." Biochemical Society Transactions 34, no. 5 (October 1, 2006): 779–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst0340779.

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The ability of mother to provide nutrients and oxygen for her baby is a critical factor for fetal health and its survival. Failure in supplying the adequate amount of nutrients to meet fetal demand can lead to fetal malnutrition. The fetus responds and adapts to undernutrition but by doing so it permanently alters the structure and function of the body. Maternal overnutrition also has long-lasting and detrimental effects on the health of the offspring. There is growing evidence that maternal nutrition can induce epigenetic modifications of the fetal genome. Only relatively recently has evidenc

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McNeill, B. A., G. K. Barrell, M. J. Ridgway, M. P. Wellby, T. C. R. Prickett, and E. A. Espiner. "Caloric restriction, but not caloric loading, affects circulating fetal and maternal C-type natriuretic peptide concentrations in late ovine gestation." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 24, no. 8 (2012): 1063. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd11312.

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The factors regulating the greatly elevated concentrations of maternal plasma C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) forms in ruminant pregnancy are largely unknown, but nutrient status is likely to be important. Previous work has shown that increases in maternal plasma CNP, sourced from the placenta, occur in response to caloric restriction in late gestation. Whether oversupply of nutrients also regulates CNP secretion in pregnancy has not been studied. Hypothesising that CNP in fetal and maternal tissues will be responsive to both deficiency and excess, we studied changes in CNP and a cosecreted f

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Hyde, Natalie K., Sharon L. Brennan-Olsen, Kathy Bennett, David J. Moloney, and Julie A. Pasco. "Maternal Nutrition During Pregnancy: Intake of Nutrients Important for Bone Health." Maternal and Child Health Journal 21, no. 4 (August 20, 2016): 845–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10995-016-2178-7.

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Ogawa, Kohei, Kyongsun Pak, Kiwako Yamamoto-Hanada, Kazue Ishitsuka, Hatoko Sasaki, Hidetoshi Mezawa, Mayako Saito-Abe, et al. "Association between maternal vegetable intake during pregnancy and allergy in offspring: Japan Environment and Children’s Study." PLOS ONE 16, no. 1 (January 28, 2021): e0245782. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0245782.

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The association between maternal diet during pregnancy and allergy in offspring remains contentious. Here, we examined the association between maternal intake of vegetables and related nutrients during pregnancy and allergic diseases in offspring at one year of age. A cohort of 80,270 pregnant women enrolled in the Japan Environment and Children’s Study were asked to respond to a food frequency questionnaire during pregnancy and the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood questionnaire at one year postpartum. The women were categorized into quintiles according to the energy-ad

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Calder, Philip C., and Alan A. Jackson. "Undernutrition, infection and immune function." Nutrition Research Reviews 13, no. 1 (June 2000): 3–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/095442200108728981.

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AbstractUndernutrition and infection are the major causes of morbidity and mortality in the developing world. These two problems are interrelated. Undernutrition compromises barrier function, allowing easier access by pathogens, and compromises immune function, decreasing the ability of the host to eliminate pathogens once they enter the body. Thus, malnutrition predisposes to infections. Infections can alter nutritional status mediated by changes in dietary intake, absorption and nutrient requirements and losses of endogenous nutrients. Thus, the presence of infections can contribute to the m

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Van Gronigen Case, Gerialisa, Kathryn M. Storey, Lauren E. Parmeley, and Laura C. Schulz. "Effects of maternal nutrient restriction during the periconceptional period on placental development in the mouse." PLOS ONE 16, no. 1 (January 14, 2021): e0244971. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0244971.

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Maternal undernutrition has detrimental effects on fetal development and adult health. Total caloric restriction during early pregnancy followed by adequate nutrition for the remainder of gestation, is particularly linked to cardiovascular and metabolic disease risks during adulthood. The placenta is responsible for transport of nutrients from the maternal to fetal circulation, and the efficiency with which it does so can be adjusted to the maternal nutrient supply. There is evidence that placental adaptations to nutrient restriction in early pregnancy may be retained even when adequate nutrit

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Nwachukwu, C. U. "Review article: Nutritional effects on fetal development during gestation in ruminants." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 47, no. 2 (December 17, 2020): 245–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v47i2.184.

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Intrauterine growth retardation is a massive problem in animal production as it influencesthe body composition, carcass quality, and impairs health. This condition can lead to areduction in neonatal survival, growth, feed efficiency utilisation, and future production bythe animals. Pregnancy may negatively influence maternal nutritional status because ofincreased uteroplacental blood flow, nutrient mobilisation, and transfer of nutrients from thedam to the fetus. The critical factor for fetal survival and health is an adequate nutrient andoxygen supply to the dam during gestation. This ability

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Malin, Ashley J., Stefanie A. Busgang, Alejandra J. Cantoral, Katherine Svensson, Manuela A. Orjuela, Ivan Pantic, Lourdes Schnaas, et al. "Quality of Prenatal and Childhood Diet Predicts Neurodevelopmental Outcomes among Children in Mexico City." Nutrients 10, no. 8 (August 15, 2018): 1093. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10081093.

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Adequate nutrition is important for neurodevelopment. Although nutrients are ingested in combination, the impact of specific nutrients within the context of a nutrient mixture has not been studied with respect to health, such as neurodevelopment. Therefore, we examined the impact of prenatal and childhood nutrient mixtures on neurodevelopmental outcomes. Participants included mother–child pairs in the Programming Research in Obesity, Growth, Environment, and Social Stress (PROGRESS) prospective birth cohort in Mexico City. We assessed prenatal and child micro- and macronutrient profiles among

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Bravi, Francesca, Matteo Di Maso, Simone R. B. M. Eussen, Carlo Agostoni, Guglielmo Salvatori, Claudio Profeti, Paola Tonetto, et al. "Dietary Patterns of Breastfeeding Mothers and Human Milk Composition: Data from the Italian MEDIDIET Study." Nutrients 13, no. 5 (May 19, 2021): 1722. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13051722.

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(1) Background: Several studies have reported associations between maternal diet in terms of single foods or nutrients and human milk compounds, while the overall role of maternal diet and related dietary patterns has rarely been investigated. (2) Methods: Between 2012 and 2014, we enrolled 300 healthy Italian mothers, who exclusively breastfed their infant. During a hospital visit at 6 weeks postpartum, a sample of freshly expressed foremilk was collected and information on maternal dietary habits in the postpartum period was obtained through an interviewer-administered food frequency questio

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Diniz, Wellison J. S., Lawrence P. Reynolds, Pawel P. Borowicz, Alison K. Ward, Kevin K. Sedivec, Kacie L. McCarthy, Cierrah J. Kassetas, et al. "Maternal Vitamin and Mineral Supplementation and Rate of Maternal Weight Gain Affects Placental Expression of Energy Metabolism and Transport-Related Genes." Genes 12, no. 3 (March 9, 2021): 385. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes12030385.

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Maternal nutrients are essential for proper fetal and placental development and function. However, the effects of vitamin and mineral supplementation under two rates of maternal weight gain on placental genome-wide gene expression have not been investigated so far. Furthermore, biological processes and pathways in the placenta that act in response to early maternal nutrition are yet to be elucidated. Herein, we examined the impact of maternal vitamin and mineral supplementation (from pre-breeding to day 83 post-breeding) and two rates of gain during the first 83 days of pregnancy on the gene e

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Kim, Seunghee, Hangyeol Jeon, Wan Hu Jin, Ah Chung Hyun, Yoon Ha Kim, Jong Woon Kim, and Clara Yongjoo Park. "Calcium, Phosphorus, and Niacin Intakes During Late Pregnancy Are Positively Associated with Maternal Bone Mineral Density: A Pilot Study." Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (May 29, 2020): 1019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa054_091.

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Abstract Objectives The adequate calcium intake during pregnancy on postpartum bone mineral density (BMD) and neonatal outcomes are unknown as results of recent intervention trials are inconsistent. We investigated the relationship between maternal nutrient intake and maternal BMD at delivery, newborn birth outcomes, and maternal bone loss during lactation in Korean mothers. Methods Thirty Korean pregnant women (mean age: 34 years) were enrolled before delivery. Maternal food and supplement intake and BMD were assessed twice: at delivery (T1) and at weaning or 6 months postpartum (T2). Third t

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