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1
Malevanets, Anatoly. "Statistical mechanics of hydrodynamic lattice gases". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ27690.pdf.
2
Siebert, Julien. "Statistical mechanics of the self-gravitating gases". Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00009142.
Resumo:
The self-gravitating systems are formed by particles interacting through gravity. They describe structure formation in the universe. As a consequence of the long range interaction of gravity, they are inhomogeneous even at thermal equilibrium. We study the self-gravitating systems with several kinds of particles and the self-gravitating systems in the presence of the cosmological constant $ Lambda$. We formulate the statistical mechanics and the mean field approach describing the gaseous phase. We explicitely compute the density of particles and thermodynamic quantities. The presence of $ Lambda$ extends the domain of stability of the gaseous phase. Monte Carlo simulations show that the mean field describes the gaseous phase with an excellent accuracy. Scalling law of the self-gravitating systems with several kinds of particles is found. At the critical point the fractal dimension is independant of their composition and is $1.6...$~.
3
Noronha, JoseÌ M. B. "Statistical mechanics of ideal quantum gases : finite size effects". Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.247828.
4
Sear, Richard P. "Statistical mechanics of gases, liquids, liquid crystals and solids". Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.319421.
5
Tang, Jian-Ming. "Quantum mechanics of quantized vortices in dilute Bose gases /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9682.
6
O, Suilleabhain Liam Colman. "Raman studies of plasmons in two-dimensional electron gases". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.318467.
7
Chien, Ssu-Ying. "Compressible Lubrication Theory in Pressurized Gases". Diss., Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/88868.
Resumo:
Lubrication theory plays a fundamental role in all mechanical design as well as applications to biomechanics. All machinery are composed of moving parts which must be protected against wear and damage. Without effective lubrication, maintenance cycles will be shortened to impractical levels resulting in increased costs and decreased reliability. The focus of the work presented here is on the lubrication of rotating machinery found in advanced power systems and designs involving micro-turbines.
One of the earliest studies of lubrication is due to Osborne Reynolds in 1886 who recorded what is now regarded as the canonical equation governing all lubrication problems; this equation and its extensions have become known as the Reynolds equation. In the past century, Reynolds equation has been extended to include three-dimensional effects, unsteadiness, turbulence, variable material properties, non-newtonian fluids, multi-phase flows, wall slip, and thermal effects. The bulk of these studies have focused on highly viscous liquids, e.g., oils. In recent years there has been increasing interest in power systems using new working fluids, micro-turbines and non-fossil fuel heat sources. In many cases, the design of these systems employs the use of gases rather than liquids. The advantage of gases over liquids include the reduction of weight, the reduction of adverse effects due to fouling, and compatibility with power system working fluids.
Most treatments of gas lubrication are based on the ideal, i.e., low pressure, gas theory and straightforward retro-fitting of the theory of liquid lubrication. However, the 21st Century has seen interest in gas lubrication at high pressures. At pressures and temperatures corresponding to the dense and supercritical gas regime, there is a strong dependence on gas properties and even singular behavior of fundamental transport properties. Simple extrapolations of the intuition and analyses of the ideal gas or liquid phase theory are no longer possible.
The goal of this dissertation is to establish the correct form of the Reynolds equation valid for both low and high pressure gases and to explore the dynamics predicted by this new form of the Reynolds equation. The dissertation addresses five problems involving our new Reynolds equation. In the first, we establish the form appropriate for the simple benchmark problem of two-dimensional journal bearings. It is found that the material response is completely determined by a single thermodynamic parameter referred to as the "effective bulk modulus". The validity of our new Reynolds equation has been established using solutions to the full Navier-Stokes-Fourier equations. We have also provided analytical estimates for the range of validity of this Reynolds equation and provided a systematic derivation of the energy equation valid whenever the Reynolds equation holds.
The next three problems considered here derive local and global results of interest in high speed lubrication studies. The results are based on a perturbation analysis of our Reynolds and energy equation resulting in simplified formulas and the explicit dependence of pressure, temperature, friction losses, load capacity, and heat transfer on the thermodynamic state and material properties.
Our last problem examines high pressure gas lubrication in thrust bearings. We again derive the appropriate form of the Reynolds and energy equations for these intrinsically three-dimensional flows. A finite difference scheme is employed to solve the resultant (elliptic) Reynolds equation for both moderate and high-speed flows. This Reynolds equation is then solved using perturbation methods for high-speed flows. It is found that the flow structure is comprised of five boundary layer regions in addition to the main ``core'' region. The flow in two of these boundary layer regions is governed by a nonlinear heat equation and the flow in three of these boundary layers is governed by nonlinear relaxation equations. Finite difference schemes are employed to obtain detailed solutions in the boundary layers. A composite solution is developed which provides a single solution describing the flow in all six regions to the same accuracy as the individual solutions in their respective regions of validity.
Overall, the key contributions are the establishment of the appropriate forms of the Reynolds equation for dense and supercritical flows, analytical solutions for quantities of practical interest, demonstrations of the roles played by various thermodynamic functions, the first detailed discussions of the physics of lubrication in dense and supercritical flows, and the discovery of boundary layer structures in flows associated with thrust bearings.Doctor of Philosophy
Lubrication theory plays a fundamental role in all mechanical design as well as applications to biomechanics. All machinery are composed of moving parts which must be protected against wear and damage. Without eective lubrication, maintenance cycles will be shortened to impractical levels resulting in increased costs and decreased reliability. The focus of the work presented here is on the lubrication of rotating machinery found in advanced power systems and designs involving micro-turbines. One of the earliest studies of lubrication is due to Osborne Reynolds in 1886 who recorded what is now regarded as the canonical equation governing all lubrication problems; this equation and its extensions have become known as the Reynolds equation. In the past century, Reynolds equation has been extended to include three-dimensional eects, unsteadiness, turbulence, variable material properties, non-newtonian uids, multi-phase ows, wall slip, and thermal eects. The bulk of these studies have focused on highly viscous liquids, e.g., oils. In recent years there has been increasing interest in power systems using new working uids, micro-turbines and non-fossil fuel heat sources. In many cases, the design of these systems employs the use of gases rather than liquids. The advantage of gases over liquids include the reduction of weight, the reduction of adverse eects due to fouling, and compatibility with power system working uids. Most treatments of gas lubrication are based on the ideal, i.e., low pressure, gas theory and straightforward retro-tting of the theory of liquid lubrication. However, the 21st Century has seen interest in gas lubrication at high pressures. At pressures and temperatures corresponding to the dense and supercritical gas regime, there is a strong dependence on gas properties and even singular behavior of fundamental transport properties. Simple extrapolations of the intuition and analyses of the ideal gas or liquid phase theory are no longer possible. The goal of this dissertation is to establish the correct form of the Reynolds equation valid for both low and high pressure gases and to explore the dynamics predicted by this new form of the Reynolds equation. The dissertation addresses ve problems involving our new Reynolds equation. In the rst, we establish the form appropriate for the simple benchmark problem of two-dimensional journal bearings. It is found that the material response is completely determined by a single thermodynamic parameter referred to as the eective bulk modulus. The validity of our new Reynolds equation has been established using solutions to the full Navier-Stokes-Fourier equations. We have also provided analytical estimates for the range of validity of this Reynolds equation and provided a systematic derivation of the energy equation valid whenever the Reynolds equation holds. The next three problems considered here derive local and global results of interest in high speed lubrication studies. The results are based on a perturbation analysis of our Reynolds and energy equation resulting in simplied formulas and the explicit dependence of pressure, temperature, friction losses, load capacity, and heat transfer on the thermodynamic state and material properties. Our last problem examines high pressure gas lubrication in thrust bearings. We again derive the appropriate form of the Reynolds and energy equations for these intrinsically threedimensional ows. A nite dierence scheme is employed to solve the resultant (elliptic) Reynolds equation for both moderate and high-speed ows. This Reynolds equation is then solved using perturbation methods for high-speed ows. It is found that the ow structure is comprised of ve boundary layer regions in addition to the main core region. The ow in two of these boundary layer regions is governed by a nonlinear heat equation and the ow in three of these boundary layers is governed by nonlinear relaxation equations. Finite dierence schemes are employed to obtain detailed solutions in the boundary layers. A composite solution is developed which provides a single solution describing the ow in all six regions to the same accuracy as the individual solutions in their respective regions of validity. Overall, the key contributions are the establishment of the appropriate forms of the Reynolds equation for dense and supercritical ows, analytical solutions for quantities of practical interest, demonstrations of the roles played by various thermodynamic functions, the rst detailed discussions of the physics of lubrication in dense and supercritical ows, and the discovery of boundary layer structures in ows associated with thrust bearings.
8
Webb, John Alan. "The effect of drawing on the transport of gases through polyethylene". Thesis, University of Leeds, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.305693.
9
Estrada-Alexanders, Andres Francisco. "Thermodynamic properties of gases from measurements of the speed of sound". Thesis, Imperial College London, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/8048.
10
Milana, Pavić. "Mathematical modelling and analysis of polyatomic gases and mixtures in the context of kinetic theory of gases and fluid mechanics". Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Prirodno-matematički fakultet u Novom Sadu, 2014. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=87879&source=NDLTD&language=en.
Resumo:
We construct two independent hierarchies of moment equations and we apply the maximum entropy principle for polyatomic gases. We formulate multivelocity and multitemperature model of Eulerian polyatomic gases starting from kinetic theory, that is compared in the neighborhood of global equilibrium state to the models based on extended thermodynamics. We analyze diffusion asymptotics of the Boltzmann equations for mixtures of monatomic gases.Конструишу се две независне хијерархијеједначина момената и примењује се принципмаксимума ентропије за вишеатомске гасове.Формира се вишебрзински и вишетемпературнимодел Ојлерових вишеатомских гасова полазећиод кинетичке теорије и добијени модел сепореди у околини стања глобалне равнотеже самоделом проширене термодинамике. Анализирасе дифузиона асимптотика Болцмановихједначина за мешавине једноатомских гасова.
Konstruišu se dve nezavisne hijerarhijejednačina momenata i primenjuje se principmaksimuma entropije za višeatomske gasove.Formira se višebrzinski i višetemperaturnimodel Ojlerovih višeatomskih gasova polazećiod kinetičke teorije i dobijeni model seporedi u okolini stanja globalne ravnoteže samodelom proširene termodinamike. Analizirase difuziona asimptotika Bolcmanovihjednačina za mešavine jednoatomskih gasova.
11
Pavić, Milana. "Mathematical modelling and analysis of polyatomic gases and mixtures in the context of kinetic theory of gases and fluid mechanics". Thesis, Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014DENS0033/document.
Resumo:
En ce qui concerne les gaz polyatomiques, nous proposons deux hiérarchies distinctes formées d'équations de moments, qui permettent d'obtenir des lois de conservation de la densité de masse, de la quantité de mouvement et de l'énergie totale du gaz. Ces hiérarchies sont généralement coupées à un certain ordre. Une méthode qui fournit une solution appropriée au problème de fermeture est la méthode de la maximisation d'entropie. Nous formulons un problème variationnel et nous explorons en détail le cas physique de 14 moments. On étudie un mélange de gaz polyatomiques dans lequel la fonction de distribution de chaque espèce converge vers une Maxwellienne, chacune avec sa propre vitesse moyenne et température. Les lois pour la densité de masse, de quantité de mouvement et d'énergie peuvent être obtenues. En particulier, les coefficients phénoménologiques de la thermodynamique étendue peuvent être déterminés à partir des termes sources. On présente pour les mélanges de gaz monoatomiques l'asymptotique diffusive des équations de Boltzmann. Le développement de Hilbert de chaque fonction de distribution donne deux équations. La première équation permet d'affirmer que le mélange est proche de l'équilibre. La deuxième équation est une équation fonctionnelle linéaire en la variable de vitesse. Nous prouvons l'existence d'une solution de cette équation. D'une part, lorsque les masses moléculaires sont égales, les techniques introduites par Grad peuvent être utilisés. D'autre part, nous proposons une nouvelle approche qui est valable lorsque les masses moléculaires sont différentesConsidering polyatomic gases, we first propose two independent hierarchies of the moment equations, which allow to obtain conservation laws for mass density, momentum and total energy of a gas. Such hierarchies are usually truncated at some order. A method which provides an appropriate solution to the closure problem is the maximization of entropy method. We formulate a variational problem and explore in detail the physical case of 14 moments. We study mixtures of polyatomic gases in which the distribution function of each species converges towards a Maxwellian distribution function, each with its own bulk velocity and temperature. Balance laws for mass density, momentum and energy can be obtained. In particular, the phenomenological coefficients of extended thermodynamics can be determined from the source terms. Regarding mixtures of monatomic gases, we discuss the diffusion asymptotics of the Boltzmann equations. The Hilbert expansion yields two equations. The first equation allows to state that the mixture is close to equilibrium. The second equation is a linear functional equation in the velocity variable. We prove the existence of a solution to this equation. On the one hand, when molecular masses are equal, the techniques introduced by Grad can be used. On the other hand, we propose a new approach, which only holds when molecular masses are different
12
Dawes, A. S. "Natural co-ordinates and high speed flows : a numerical method for reactive gases". Thesis, Cranfield University, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.333184.
13
Prescott, Robert. "The corrosion of alloys and metals in high-temperature chlorine-bearing gases". Thesis, University of Manchester, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.236260.
14
Fernandes, Alcione Silva. "Teoria Cinética de Gases Poliatômicos: Efeito Senftleben-Beenakker e Equações Linearizadas de Burnett\"". Universidade de São Paulo, 1996. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/43/43131/tde-03122013-155222/.
Resumo:
Neste trabalho desenvolvemos métodos de solução para gases poliatômicos clássicos sob O ponto de vista da teoria cinética com base na equação de Boltzmann para moléculas esféricas com energia rotacional. Dois temas são abordados: (i) com o método combinado de Chapman-Enskog e Grad e emprego de teoremas de representação apresentamos uma forma sistemática para obter os coeficientes de transporte de gases poliatômicos submetidos a campos magnéticos externos constantes (efeito Senftleben-Beenakker); (ii) obtemos equações linearizadas de Burnett1 correspondentes a gradientes de segunda ordem dos campos de densidade, velocidade e temperatura, de duas maneiras distintas: (a.) através da teoria cinética com o emprego do método de Chapman-Enskog e (b) segundo uma teoria fenomenológica com base na termodinâmica estendida.We develop methods of solution for classical rarefied polyatomic gases with spherical molecules having rotational energy through a kinetic theory based on the Boltzmann equation. Two subjects are considered: (i) by the use of the combined method of Chapman-Enskog and Grad and representation theorems we show a systematical way to get the transport coefficients for polyatomic gases subjected to external constant magnetic fields (Senftleben-Beenakker effect). (ii) we obtain linearized Burnett equations that correspond to gradients of second order of the basic fields of density, velocity and temperature through: (a) a kinetic theory by using the Chapman-Enskog method and (b) a phenomenological theory based on extended thermodynamics.
15
Benavides, Alvaro Cesar Morales. "A Mitigação de Gases de Efeito Estufa Associados ao Consumo Energético do Equador: O Caso do Setor Residencial". Universidade de São Paulo, 1997. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/86/86131/tde-18012012-170148/.
Resumo:
O presente trabalho aborda temas especificamente relacionados com a conservação da energia e o aproveitamento das fontes energéticas alternativas, como opções viáveis para reduzir as emissões de gases de efeito estufa associadas ao consumo energético do setor residencial do Equador. Neste contexto, são apresentados alguns aspectos gerais da problemática do \"Aquecimento Global, considerado como uma possível grande crise do próximo século, para logo analisar questões especificas do setor energético equatoriano, que têm relação com a produção e consumo de energia e suas implicações sobre as emissões de gases de estufa. Numa fase inicial se realiza uma análise da situação atual do setor, suas características de funcionamento, aspectos institucionais e legais, com ênfase na situação da conservação a as fontes não convencionais de energia. Com ajuda de um modelo para a projeção da demanda com base nos usos finais da energia, se estabeleceu um cenário que considera diversas medidas de mitigação, realizando-se, após, uma avaliação dos efeitos que estas teriam sobre a diminuição dos níveis de consumo energético e, por conseguinte, das emissões de gases, calculando-se, também, os respectivos custos. Finalmente se propõe certas estratégias para a implantação das medidas selecionadas, através das quais seria possível superar os obstáculos para conseguir uma evolução do consumo energético do setor estudado, num âmbito de eficiência energética, buscando a preservação do meio ambiente.The present work analyses energy conservation and use of energy altemartive Sources, as viable options to reduce the greenhouse gases emissions associated to energy consumption in the residential sector of the Equador. In this context, general aspects of the Global Warming problem are reviewed, considerating it as the possible great crisis of the next century. Then, specic questions of the Equadorian\'s Energy Sector are analysed, as they related to production and consumption of energy and their implications to greenhouse gas emissions. The current situation of the sector, characteristics of operation, institutional and legal frameworks, are reviewed, with emphasis on energy conservation and non-conventional energy sources. LEAP model is used for projection of energy demand based on end-uses. Base Case and Alternative Scenario are developed, considering mitigation measures based on energy conservation and substitution. Assesments of measures, costs and impacts on energy consuption and on greenhouse gases emissions are carried out. Finally, an implementation strategy for selected measures is proposed, aimed at overcoming barriers and attaing energy efciency and environmental preservation.
16
Majal, Ghulam. "On the Agglomeration of Particles in Exhaust Gases". Licentiate thesis, KTH, MWL Marcus Wallenberg Laboratoriet, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-235704.
Resumo:
Particulate emissions from road transportation are known to have an adverse impact on human health as well the environment. As the effects become more palpable, stricter legislation have been proposed by regulating bodies. This puts forward a challenge for the automotive industry to develop after treatment technologies to fulfil the progressively stricter legislation. At present, the most common after-treatment technologies used for particulates are the diesel and gasoline particulate filters. The typical size distribution of the particles is such that the smallest particles in terms of size are in numbers the largest, although they are not influencing the total particle mass significantly. The most recent legislation have included restrictions on the particle number as well as particle mass. In this thesis numerical tools for studying the transport and interaction of particles in an exhaust flow are evaluated. The specific application is particle agglomeration as a mean to reduce the number of particles and manipulate the size distribution. As particles agglomerate the particle number distribution is shifted and larger sized agglomerates of particles are created reducing the number of ultra-fine particles. The particle agglomeration is obtained by forcing sudden acceleration and deceleration of the host gas carrying the particles by variations in the cross sectional areas of the geometry it is passing through. Initially, a simplified one dimensional model is utilized to assess the governing parameters of particle grouping. Grouping here means that the particles form and are transported in groups, thus increasing the probability for agglomeration. The lessons learned from the 1D-model are also used to design the three dimensional geometry: an axisymmetric corrugated pipe. Two different geometries are studied, they both have the same main pipe diameter but different diameter on the corrugations. The purpose is to find the potential onset of flow instabilities and the influence of 3D-effects such as recirculation on the agglomeration. The CFD simulations are performed using DES methodology. First the simulations are run without particles in a non pulsatile flow scenario. Later particles are added to the setup in a one way coupled approach (no particle-particle interaction). The main results were: 1) An additional criterion for grouping to the ones given in previous work on the 1D model is proposed. It is found that grouping is more likely if the combination of the pulse frequency and geometric wavelength is large. Furthermore, smooth pulse forms (modelling the modulation in the flow due to the geometry) yielded more grouping than other more abrupt pulse shapes. However, idealised inlet pulses underestimate the extent of grouping compared to actual engine pulses. 2) For the geometry with larger maximum cross sectional area stronger flow separation was observed along with higher turbulent kinetic energy. 3) Particles were added in the flow field and a reduction in the particle count was observed in the initial simulations for particles going from the first corrugated segment to the last. Natural extensions of the present work would be to consider pulsatile flow scenarios, particle-particle interaction and a polydisperse setup for the particlesQC 20181008
17
Portmann, Fabian. "Spectral Inequalities and Their Applications in Quantum Mechanics". Doctoral thesis, KTH, Matematik (Avd.), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-145210.
Resumo:
The work presented in this thesis revolves around spectral inequalities and their applications in quantum mechanics. In Paper A, the ground state energy of an atom confined to two dimensions is analyzed in the limit when the charge of the nucleus Z becomes very large. The main result is a two-term asymptotic expansion of the ground state energy in terms of Z. Paper B deals with Hardy inequalities for the kinetic energy of a particle in the presence of an external magnetic field. If the magnetic field has a non-trivial radial component, we show that Hardy’s classical lower bound can be improved by an extra term depending on the magnetic field. In Paper C we study interacting Bose gases and prove Lieb-Thirring type estimates for several types of interaction potentials, such as the hard-sphere interaction in three dimensions, the hard-disk interaction in two dimensions as well as homogeneous potentials.QC 20140520
18
Congedo, Pietro Marco. "Contributions to the reliability of numerical simulations in fluid mechanics. Application to the flow simulation of thermodynamically complex gases". Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00940088.
Resumo:
At the interface of physics, mathematics, and computer science, Uncertainty Quanti cation (UQ) aims at developing a more rigorous framework and more reliable methods to characterize the impact of uncertainties on the prediction of Quantities Of Interest (QOI). Despite signi cant improvements done in the last years in UQ methods for Fluid Mechanics, there is nonetheless a long way to go before there can be talk of an accurate prediction when considering all the numerous sources of uncertainties of the physical problem (boundary conditions, physical models, geometric tolerances, etc), in particular for shock-dominated problems. This manuscript illustrates my main contributions for improving the reliability of the numerical simulation in Fluid Mechanics: i) the development of e cient and exible schemes for solving at low-cost stochastic partial di erential equations for compressible ows, ii) various works concerning variancebased and high-order analysis, iii) the design of some low-cost techniques for the optimization under uncertainty. The application of interest is the robust design of turbines for Organic Rankine Cycles (ORC). Some contributions to the numerical ow prediction of the thermodynamically complex gases involved in ORC will be presented. This manuscript is divided in two parts. In the rst part, some intrusive algorithms are introduced that feature an innovative formulation allowing the treatment of discontinuities propagating in the coupled physical/stochastic space for shock-dominated compressible ows. Then, variance and higher-order based decompositions are described, that could alleviate problems with large number of uncertainties by performing a dimension reduction with an improved control. Some ANOVAbased analyses are also applied to several ows displaying various types of modeling uncertainties, be it cavitation, thermodynamic or turbulence modeling. Two algorithms for handling stochastic inverse problems are then introduced for improving input uncertainty characterization by directly using experimental data. Finally, robust-optimization algorithms are introduced, that are e cient when dealing with a large number of uncertainties, relying on di erent formulations, i.e. with decoupled/ coupled approaches between the stochastic and the optimization solvers. The second part is devoted to the study of dense gas ow in ORC-cycles, which represent a highly demanding eld of application as far as ow simulation reliability is concerned. The numerical ingredients necessary for this kind of simulation are described. Then, some recent results are illustrated : i) high- delity turbine computations; ii) a feasibility study concerning the appearance and the occurrence of a Rarefaction Shock Wave, using experimental data and di erent operating conditions (in monophasic and two-phase ows); iii) a stochastic study concerning the thermodynamic model uncertainties. This set of research works has produced several papers in international journals and peer-reviewed conferences.
19
Beeler, Benjamin Warren. "Atomistic simulations of intrinsic and extrinsic point defects in uranium". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/42833.
Resumo:
Uranium (U) exhibits a high temperature body-centered cubic (b.c.c.) allotrope that is often stabilized by alloying with transition metals such as Zr, Mo, and Nb for technological applications. One such application involves U-Zr as nuclear fuel, where radiation damage and diffusion (processes heavily dependent on point defects) are of vital importance. Metallic nuclear fuels swell under fission conditions, creating fission product gases such as helium, xenon and krypton. Several systems of U are examined within a density functional theory framework utilizing projector augmented wave pseudopotentials. Two separate generalized gradient approximations of the exchange-correlation are used to calculate defect properties and are compared. The bulk modulus, the lattice constant, and the Birch-Murnaghan equation of state for the defect free b.c.c. uranium allotrope are calculated. Defect parameters calculated include energies of formation of vacancies in the α and γ allotropes, as well as self-interstitials, Zr, He, Xe and Kr interstitial and substitutional defects. The results for vacancies agree very well with experimental and previous computational studies. The most probable self-interstitial site in γ-U is the <110> dumbbell and the most probable defect location for dilute Zr in γ-U is the substitutional site. The most likely position for Xe and Kr atoms in uranium is the substitutional site. Helium atoms are likely to be found in a wide variety of defect positions due to the comparable formation energies of all defect configurations analyzed.
20
Santos, Erick Slis Raggio. "Desenvolvimento de metodo implicito para simulador numerico tridimensional de escoamentos compressiveis inviscidos". [s.n.], 2004. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/258701.
Resumo:
Orientadores: Philippe Remy Bernard Devloo, Sonia Maria GomesDissertação (Mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo
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Resumo: A simulação de escoamentos compressíveis considerados sem viscosidade tem grande aplicabilidade na aeronáutica. Atualmente tem sido foco de muitas pesquisas o desenvolvimento destas simulações segundo o método de Galerkin descontínuo[7, 12, 16, 20], que alia as boas características dos métodos de elementos finitos e volumes finitos, beneficiando-se da modelagem polinomial no interior de subdomínios e escontínua nas interfaces entre subdomínios. Neste trabalho o autor se propõe a estender as funcionalidades do ambiente de elementos finitos PZ[28], habilitando-o a modelar as equações de Euler de dinâmica dos gases com o método de Galerkin descontínuo em 3 dimensões. Para cálculo dos fluxos nas interfaces entre os subdomínios emprega-se o fluxo de Roe de primeira ordem e para estabilizar eventuais oscilações na distribuição da solução no interior dos subdomínios são adicionados termos de difusão artificial à formulação. O esquema de integração temporal a empregar é o de Euler implícito, resolvido pelo método de Newton-Raphson. O cálculo da matriz jacobiana do resíduo de Euler, necessário para o método de Newton-Raphson, é desafiador devido à complexidade dos termos de difusão e fluxo numérico, mas viabilizado pelo emprego de técni-cas de diferenciação automática. Dada a qualidade do integrador temporal consistentemente implícito, algoritmos de evolução de CFL são desenvolvidos e aplicados, visando a redução dos tempos de simulação. A validação do esquema proposto e a avaliação da qualidade dos resultados fornecidos pelo simulador são obtidas através da simulação de problemas teste modelados pelo autor. O resultado é um simulador 2D e 3D robusto e que fornece resultados consistentes com os da literatura. Destaca-se o desenvolvimento de um esquema de evolução de CFL que reduz o número de iterações para convergência até a solução estacionária, a com-paração de eficiência dos termos de difusão artificial e o desenvolvimento matricial destes. O trabalho evidencia as qualidades da aproximação numérica segundo o método de Galerkin descontínuo em comparação com resultados analíticos e de simulações por volumes finitos e as qualidades do integrador temporal desenvolvido, guiando futuros desenvolvimentos e elencando sugestões de extensões que visam aumentar a eficiência e ampliar as funcionalidades do simulador
Abstract: The simulation of compressible flows considered inviscid is largely appliable to aeronautics. The development of such simulations using the Garlekin discontinuous method[7,12,16,20], wich presents the good characteristics of fine element and finite volume methods, benefitting from the polynomial interpolation within subdomains and discontinuous across interfaces among them, has been the focus of many current researches. In this work the author extends the functionalities of the PZ finite element environment[28], enabling it to model the Euler equations of gas dynamics with the discontinuous Galerkin method in three space dimensions. The flux evaluation across interfaces uses the first order Roe¿s numerical flux. Artificial diffusive terms added to the formulation aatempt to stabilize spatial oscillations of the distribution of the solution within each subdomain. The time marcing scheme applied is the implicit first order Euler, solved by a Newton-Raphson method. The evaluation of the matrix tangent to the Euler residual required by the neton-Raphson method is challenging due to the complexity of the artificial diffusive and numerical flux terms, but feasible thanks to the automatic differentiation techniques. Given the quality of the consistently implicit time integrator. CFL evolution algorithms are developed and applied to reduce the simulation ti-ming. The proposed scheme validation as well as the result quality juclgements are obtained through the simulation of test problems proposed by the author. The result is a 2D and 3D robust simulator that off'ers results consistent ivith those availabe in the bibliography. Outstanding qualities are presented by the CFL c.volution scheme. which reduces the num-ber of time marching iterations required to converge to steady-state solutions. An efficiency benchmark of the artificial cliff'usive terms and the matricial development of such are also emphasized. This work evinces the qualities of the discontinuous Galerkin approximation method compared to analytical and finite volume simulation solutions and the qualities of the developed time integrator. guiding future developments and stating suggestions on pos-sible extensions focusing performance enhancement and additional features
Mestrado
Estruturas
Mestre em Engenharia Civil
21
Bladon, Alexander John. "The statistical mechanics of games and markets". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2011. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-statistical-mechanics-of-games-and-markets(c153c397-2e9f-480a-978f-f11ec5a9e225).html.
Resumo:
Studies of complex systems and agent-based models often focus on the relationship between microscopic behaviour and phenomena on a macroscopic level. Such models have applications in sociology, biology and economics. Here we study specific models in evolutionary game theory and game learning, analysing the differences between deterministic, population-level descriptions and stochastic, individual-level descriptions. We also examine the relationships between individual actions and global features in data from a financial market. Attempts to explain the emergence of altruism commonly use evolutionary game theory. Here, stochastic models can exhibit continued oscillations when the equivalent deterministic dynamics approach a fixed point. We classify the power spectra of such stochastic oscillations using an expansion of the master equation in the inverse system size. We find that the choice of update rule can have significant effects on the frequency and amplitude of these fluctuations.In light of recent experimental setups of social dilemmas to test the applicability of evolutionary theories to human players, we show that noise-induced oscillations can also be found in models of multiplayer game learning. We again perform an expansion in the noise strength to classify these oscillations analytically. We examine the effect that the parameters of the model can have on these fluctuations in both well-mixed and networked setups. We also use financial time series from the Spanish Stock Market to quantify features of the actions of individual trading firms. Examining how trades impact prices we find that the variety of individual behaviours cannot be inferred from that of the market. We test the applicability of an existing model by Bouchaud et al for reconstructing the response of the price to trades over time and show that it does not extend to describing any particular firm.
22
Mendoza, Heimdall. "Effects of a Binary Argon-Helium Shielding Gas Mixture on Ultra-Thin Features Produced by Laser-Powder Bed Fusion Additive Manufacturing". The Ohio State University, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1609443074175487.
23
Gong, Haojue. "RESEARCH ON THE GAME MECHANISM OF EDUCATIONAL GAMES – THINK ABOUT HOW TO CHOOSE THE SUITABLE GAME MECHANISMS WHEN DESIGNING EDUCATIONAL GAMES". Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för teknik och samhälle (TS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-20957.
Resumo:
With the development of media technology and game evolution, games are endowed with multiple purposes and functions. Some scholars believe that the game is the supplement of the real world, which can affect the players' psychology and behaviour. Numerous studies show that games can make players accept challenges, overcome obstacles, arouse positive emotions and solve problems. Therefore, academia's research on games and related topics in learning has become increasingly popular. In response, different models have emerged to evaluate the design of active educational games.This research discusses how different game mechanisms affect players. Also, this study used a prototype game as output media to examine the impact of various game mechanisms on learning. The purpose of this study is to explore how to choose a more suitable game mechanism in the design of educational games. The research results include that some game mechanisms promote learning motivation and improve learning outcomes. At the same time, some game mechanisms have the risk of reducing learning motivation. Through these findings, the researcher of this study believes that educational games can bring positive influence and help to players' learning. However, how to choose a suitable game mechanism in the design of educational games is worthy of serious consideration for making design decisions.
24
Pacull, Julien. "Modèle numérique micro-mécanique d'agrégat polycristallin pour le comportement des combustibles oxydes". Phd thesis, Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00720837.
Resumo:
Dans les réacteurs nucléaires à eau sous-pression (REP), le combustible est constitué de pastilles d'oxyde d'uranium (UO2) empilées dans des tubes métalliques, l'ensemble constituant un crayon combustible. La simulation du comportement des crayons combustibles en situation nominale ou incidentelle nécessite d'avoir recours à une modélisation multi-échelle et multi-physique, les phénomènes modélisés étant regroupés en deux catégories : la thermo-mécanique et la physico-chimie relative au comportement des produits de fission gazeux. Ces dernières années l'évolution des modèles et des moyens de calcul a permis des développer les simulations thermo-mécaniques à l'échelle de la microstructure et d'accroitre les possibilités de couplage. C'est dans ce contexte d'amélioration et de raffinement de la modélisation que se situe ce sujet de thèse. Ce travail concerne le développement d'une modélisation du comportement thermo-mécanique de l'UO2 à l'échelle du polycristal. Deux descriptions de l'agrégat sont envisagées : une approche à champ moyens (via une formulation auto-cohérente) et une approche par éléments finis, pour laquelle la géométrie du Volume Elémentaire Représentatif (VER) est décrite comme une mosaïque de Voronoï 3D-périodique.
Les mécanismes de viscoplasticité spécifiques au combustible UO2 sont modélisés à l'échelle du monocristal, en introduisant des caractéristiques de la microstructure (systèmes de glissement, densités de dislocation, décohésion aux joints de grains) dans la mise en équations du modèle.
Le comportement du VER est par la suite analysé à la fois en termes de réponse effective, qui est comparée aux données expérimentales disponibles et aux modèles mécaniques utilisés à l'échelle de la pastille, et en termes de phénomènes de localisation. En particulier, nous nous intéressons aux distributions de pression hydrostatique inter- et intragranulaire, qui pilotent le transport des produits de fission.
La robustesse des résultats obtenus en fonction du choix du maillage éléments finis est étudiée. Une série de calculs est présentée afin de trouver un compromis satisfaisant en termes de discrétisation pour une estimation correcte des contraintes locales.
Enfin, l'exploitation du modèle se déroule en deux temps. Une première étude propose de retrouver des mesures expérimentales de décohésion intergranulaire sur le combustible en introduisant des modèles de zones cohésives dans le VER.
Afin de quantifier l'effet de la microstructure sur le comportement mécanique de l'UO2 en irradiation, un chargement de type rampe de puissance similaire aux essais expérimentaux menés sur des crayons combustible est appliqué au polycristal. L'analyse des distributions locales de contraintes donne lieu à une discussion sur l'effet de l'incompatibilité de déformation entre grains voisins sur le comportement des produits de fission.
25
Hayeck, Tristan J. "Stochastic methods for modeling hydrodynamics of dilute gases". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/36745.
Resumo:
Thesis (S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2006.Includes bibliographical references (leaf 18).
When modeling small scale sub-micron gas flows, continuum methods, i.e. Navier Stokes equations, no longer apply. Molecular Dynamics (MD) approaches are then more appropriate. For dilute gases, where particles travel in straight lines for the overwhelming majority of the time, MD methods are inefficient compared to kinetic theory approaches because they require the explicit calculation of each particle's trajectory. An effective way to model the hydrodynamics of dilute gases is a stochastic particle method known as Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC). In DSMC the motion and collision of particles are decoupled to increase computational efficiency. The purpose of this thesis is to evaluate a variant of the DSMC algorithm, in which particles have discrete velocities. The most important modification to the DSMC algorithm is the treatment of collisions between particles with discrete velocities in a way which ensures strict conservation of momentum and energy. To achieve that an algorithm that finds all possible pairs of discrete post-collision velocities given a pair of discrete pre-collision velocities was developed and coded.
(cont.) Two important discretization ingredients were introduced: the number of discrete velocities and the maximum discrete velocity allowed. A number of simulations were performed to compare the discrete DSMC (IDSMC) and the regular DSMC method. Our results show that the difference between the two methods is small when the allowed discrete velocity spectrum extends to high speeds. In this case the error is fairly insensitive to the number of discrete velocities used. On the other hand, when the maximum velocity allowed is small compared to the most probably particle speed (approximately equivalent to the speed of sound), large errors are observed (in our case up to 450% in the stress).
by Tristan J. Hayeck.
S.B.
26
Hansson, Aneer Sebastian, e Douglas Gidlöf. "Social Insecurity & Games : Games for self-reflection". Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-14650.
Resumo:
This is a study of how games can be used to encourage self-reflection. The study uses Everyday-Social Anxiety to establish a base point from which to make a game. During the study a game was developed using the research found. The game uses mechanics in order to link the player to the games protagonist. This link is then used in an attempt to encourage the player to self-reflect. Known design methods are used as guidelines of how the study and game is made. These methods originate from both game design and design of informative systems (such as servers). Some psychology sources are used in order to gather an understanding of what Social Anxiety is and how it affects people, the focus however, lies on the subject of Media technology and game development. The study concludes with results and a discussion. In the discussion the entirety of the study is motivate and reflected over by the authors. The results are specifically presented in a conclusion, presenting what was done, and what the study led to.LIVET.exe
27
Cooke, Michael Christopher. "Global modelling of atmospheric trace gases using the CRI mechanism". Thesis, University of Bristol, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.528072.
28
Vaske, Kristofer. "Megalith Grave Escape : Using escape room game mechanics for cultural heritage sites". Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-17025.
Resumo:
This report documents the development of a concept and prototype for a mobile application with the purpose of making the megalith graves surrounding the town of Falköping more engaging and interactive for visitors. Because of the limitations of working with heritage sites that cannot be altered to support a gaming experience, the usage of escape room game mechanics is explored. Because escape room games depend on the user's observation and exploration of their environment, they serve as a usable inspiration for applications with the purpose of making visitors experience a location in a similar way. The prototype developed for the project contains puzzles designed for four different megalith grave sites which were then tested with groups of children and parents playing together.
29
Lang, Ruitian. "Essays on dynamic games and mechanism design". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/90125.
Resumo:
Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Economics, 2014.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 149-152).
The dissertation considers three topics in dynamic games and mechanism design. In both problems, asymmetric information causes inefficiency in production and allocation. The first chapter considers the inefficiency from the principal's inability to observes the agent's effort or cost of effort, and explores its implication to the principal's response to the combination of the output and the signal about the cost of effort. For example, the principal may punish the agent more harshly for low output when signals suggest that cost of effort is high when the effort is of high value for the principal. This chapter also classifies the long-run behavior of the relationship between the principal and the agent. Depending on whether the agent is strictly risk-averse and whether he is protected by limited liability, the state of the relationship may or may not converge to a stationary state and the stationary state may nor may not depend on the initial condition. The second chapter considers the re-allocation of assets among entrepreneurs with different matching qualities, which contributes to the growth of the whole economy. Due to reasons that are not explicitly modeled, assets are not automatically allocated to entrepreneurs who are best at operating them from the beginning, and this inefficiency is combined with inefficiency in the asset market and potential imperfection of labor contracting. When asset re-allocation can become a main source of economic growth, this chapter argues that imperfection in the labor contracting environment may boost the economic growth. The third chapter assumes that the agent's output is contractible but he can privately acquire more information about his cost of production prior to contracting. Compared to the optimal screening contract, the principal's contract in this case must not only induce the agent to "tell the truth", but also to give the agent the incentive to acquire appropriate amount of information. This may create distortion of allocation to the most efficient type and whether this happens is related to the marginal loss incurred by the principal from the cost of information acquisition.
by Ruitian Lang.
Ph. D.
30
Haglund, Vira. "Behind the Mechanics : the Conveyance of Political Messages Through Video Games". Thesis, Högskolan på Gotland, Institutionen för speldesign, teknik och lärande, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hgo:diva-1721.
Resumo:
This study is a response to the growing demand for more critical examinations of the video game as a communicative as well as interactive medium of mass culture. It reflects the game in regard to its potentials and abilities conveying a message to its audience and sets it into a broader discourse of mass communication. The analysis focuses on opinion forming games and their agendas whilst scrutinizing the methods through which certain messages are delivered to the player. The study is primarily based on qualitative research and analyzes the mechanisms of manipulation through examples with an emphasis on the mechanics and rules of the game, its visual aesthetics, its narrative structure and the emotional dimensions of the gameplay. The analysis illustrates that games are effectively used to render the image of war and to frame the enemy in a stereotypical manner in order to match certain political interests. They also function as a recruitment tool for the military as well as for political and ethnic fractions. In addition the study demonstrates the positive potentials of the medium by referring to serious games which offer complex perspectives and profound knowledge about certain topics and encourage the player to aim for creative and constructive solutions in order to finish the game successfully. The results of the study demonstrate that video games can no longer be categorized as a subculture of entertainment for young men. With the growing acceptance of the medium as a part of mass culture its influence especially on young people had been taken into account by certain groups which made use of the video game to convey their messages to an audience. The analysis shows the inner complexity of the medium and gives examples for attempts to use its potentials by concluding that these efforts are far from being utilized fully. In this regard the study offers impulses for further research which should fill the void and explore the possibilities games provide and how we can make good use of them.
31
Cummings, Kelsey. "Gameplay Mechanics, Ideology, and Identity in Mobile and Online Girl Games". Thesis, University of Oregon, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/19270.
Resumo:
This thesis analyzes the ideological functions of gameplay mechanics in five mobile and online girl games. The subjects of close reading in this study are Tampon Run, Wonder City, Barbie Fashionistas, Style Studio, and Central Park Wedding Prep. First, a review of the literature is presented. Video game studies and ludology, identity in game studies, and performativity and game studies are examined as the central areas of literature from which the thesis draws. The thesis then explores the historical context of the problem, investigating politics and ideology in gaming spaces and considering the activist and educational games Tampon Run and Wonder City. Finally, the thesis analyzes three traditional girl games: Barbie Fashionistas, Style Studio, and Central Park Wedding Prep. This study argues that activist games rely on limiting mechanics to convey feminist ideologies, while traditional games rely on the perceived mechanics-based empowerment of their players to convey patriarchal ideologies.
32
Öhman, Sebastian. "Game mechanics, Role play, and Narrative - Critically learning values through games". Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för teknik och samhälle (TS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-20585.
Resumo:
In 2018, the Swedish Parliament decided to make the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child acivil law, which will be implemented in the year 2020. The consequences of the decision are notunproblematic. The public debate, as well as research, shows that parents have a problem seeing howtheir style of parenting could correlate with the Convention’s legal text. The parents expresshopelessness towards the notion of child upbringing.This thesis is an exploratory pilot study aiming to prepare and generate new knowledge for a projectcommissioned by Save the Children with the goal to develop a game to decrease the knowledge gapbetween parents and children regarding what the Convention means for their relationship. The thesisalso asks the question: how can a game, played by parents and children meant to teach them about softvalues in accordance with the Convention look like.Beyond traditional qualitative research methods, this thesis used Research through Design anddeveloped a presumptive prototype for the project in order to explore the research subject. Findingsshowed that the games narrative and the power to change the narrative through player choices play anessential part in the participant’s ability to immerse in the game, and that this interactive narrative isclosely connected with the ability to learn. The thesis also shows designer directions to consider whendeveloping a game meant to teach the players about soft values.
33
Rauch, Lisa. "Designing mechanics for asymmetric cooperation in hybrid co-located social games". Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23624.
Resumo:
This thesis addresses a game design matter with an interaction design perspective, arguing that both are strongly related and can learn from each other. It explores the topic of designing mechanics for asymmetric cooperation in hybrid social co-located games. Co-located social games are games played in a same space, and hybrid games merge analog and digital features. When dealing with asymmetric cooperation mechanics, players work together towards the same goal but with different mechanics (different ability to act or to access to information). Cooperation is more and more popular in the game field and, among with other benefices, asymmetry can strengthen it by making the performances of the players fully complementary. In hybrid games, this kind of mechanics could make people bridge the gap between physical and digital materials through cooperation, by combining actions or sharing information. Following a theoretical investigation on the matter, this paper presents several experiments of asymmetric cooperation mechanics involving digital aspects thanks to a smartphone, and sparking strong social interactions. A discussion is drawn upon them to share the resulting observations on hybrid asymmetric cooperation and on the process of prototyping game mechanics.
34
Bhunia, Sourav K. "Impingement splattering and surface disturbance evolution on turbulent liquid jets in gases". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/37505.
Resumo:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 1993.Title as it appears in the Sept. 1993 MIT Graduate List: Jet impingement splattering and surface disturbance evolution on turbulent liquid jets in gases.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 73-75).
by Sourav Kumar Bhunia.
Ph.D.
35
Li, Zhiying. "New mechanisms for external field control of microscopic interactions in ultracold gases". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/15755.
Resumo:
This Thesis describes new mechanisms for controlling elastic and inelastic collisions of ultracold atoms and molecules with static electromagnetic and laser fields.
The dynamical properties of ultracold atoms are usually tuned in experiments by applying an external magnetic field to induce a Feshbach resonance. The work presented in this Thesis demonstrates the possibility of inducing and manipulating Feshbach resonances with electric fields. We discuss in detail the mechanisms of electric-field-induced resonances in ultracold mixtures of alkali metal atoms and demonstrate that electric fields may shift and split the magnetic resonances. We show that electric fields may spin up the collision complex of ultracold atoms and induce anisotropic scattering which may be exploited in experiments on many-body dynamics of ultracold gaseous mixtures. The mechanisms of electric-field-induced resonances described in this Thesis allow for two-dimensional control of inter-particle interactions, leading to total control over ultracold gases. To guide future experiments, we generate accurate interaction potentials for ultracold Li--Rb mixtures by fitting positions and widths of experimentally measured Feshbach resonances.
Ultracold atomic and molecular gases can be confined by laser fields in one or two dimensions which produces an optical lattice of ultracold particles.
We develop a multichannel scattering theory for collisions of atoms and molecules in two dimensions and explore the effects of the confining laser potential on inelastic and reactive collisions of ultracold atoms and molecules in a 1D optical lattice. We show that ultracold collisions can be controlled in a quasi-2D geometry by varying the orientation of a magnetic field with respect to the confinement plane normal and demonstrate that the threshold energy dependence of cross sections for inelastic collisions in an optical lattice can be tuned by varying the confining potential and the magnetic field. Our results show that applying laser confinement in one dimension may stabilize ultracold systems with large scattering lengths, which may open up interesting opportunities for studies of ultracold controlled chemistry and might lead to a new research direction of ultracold chemistry in restricted geometries.
36
Witter, Jeffrey Bruce. "Convection of magma in volcanic conduits as a degassing mechanism at active volcanoes /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6721.
37
Kashid, Bipin G. "Structural and Thermal Analysis of Hose for LNG Applications". Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1243353942.
38
Kalbhor, Mayank D. "Structural and Thermal Analysis of Flange for LNG Applications". Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1243355785.
39
Evans, Bruce. "The Message in the Mechanics: Designing Game Mechanics that Reflect a Character’s Mental State". The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1555615050474514.
40
Seidel, Anna, Franziska Weidle, Claudia Börner, Lukas Flagmeier e Matthias Tylkowsky. "Learn&Play: Entwurf eines Serious Games für Ingenieurstudiengänge nach dem Learning Mechanic-Game Mechanic Framework". TUDpress, 2019. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A36591.
Resumo:
Die Technische Mechanik (TM) ist ein Grundlagenfach vieler Ingenieurstudiengänge. Lern- und Verständnisschwierigkeiten in diesem Bereich führen jedoch verstärkt zu schlechten Prüfungsergebnissen und Problemen im weiteren Studienverlauf (Dammann, 2016). Von Studierenden häufig benannte Hürden sind v.a. den richtigen Lösungsansatz zu finden, mangelnde Vorstellungskraft, der hohe Lernaufwand, mathematische Grundlagen, unklare Aufgabenstellung, die Komplexität des Lernstoffs sowie nachträgliches (meist selbstständiges) Aufarbeiten (Seidel, Weidle, Flagmeier, Börner & Vossler, 2019). Game-based Learning (GBL) bietet eine Möglichkeit, Studierende und Lehrende bei der Bewältigung dieser Hürden zu unterstützen. In einem spielerisch gestalteten Lernszenario können Lernprozesse auf Grundlage vorher definierter Lernziele durch narrativ-immersive, adaptive, kompetitive und/oder kooperative Elemente unterstützt werden (Le, Weber & Ebner, 2013). Der Einsatz von GBL kann sich zudem positiv auf affektive, motivationale, kognitive und sozio-kulturelle Faktoren auswirken (Plass, Homer & Kinzer, 2015). Im Kontext des Ingenieurwesens erhofft sich das hier vorgestellte Learn&Play Projekt durch die geeignete Auswahl und Gestaltung von Spielelementen eine Ansprache dieser Faktoren, sodass eine Hinwendung zum Theorie geprägten Lerninhalt und schließlich auch zum Lernen selbst stattfindet. Dabei steht die aktive Auseinandersetzung und praktische Selbsterfahrung mit den Inhalten der TM im Vordergrund, was auch zu einer Verringerung der Komplexität führen soll. [... aus der Einführung]
41
Ahlgren, Fredrik, e Kristoffer Ahlgren. "Gasens inverkan på oljan i ett hydrauliksystem". Thesis, University of Kalmar, Kalmar Maritime Academy, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hik:diva-1477.
Resumo:
I detta arbete har vi med en litteraturstudie försökt påvisa vad en inblandad gas i oljan i ett hydrauliksystem har för betydelse för funktionen. Vi har använt information i traditionell facklitteratur samt i tidskrifter och vetenskapliga rapporter och upptäckt att problemen som uppkommer av inblandade gaser inte är väl kända. Dagens lösningar på problemen är nästan alltid kostsamma och handlar om att behandla symptomen. Vi har tittat på de olika fysikaliska data som gasen inverkar på i oljan, utifrån detta har vi analyserat vilka effekter detta har för ett hydrauliksystems funktion. Vi kommer att diskutera grundproblemet till kavitation och vanliga problem som ett hydrauliksystem ofta har. Vi har lyckats presentera resultat på att inblandad gas i oljan har en mycket stor inverkan på ett hydrauliksystem. Vi har kommit fram till att mycket av dagens problem med hydrauliksystem helt skulle kunna byggas bort om man tog större hänsyn till oljans förmåga att lösa in luft.
42
Karagulian, Federico. "The heterogeneous interaction of trace gases on mineral dust and soot : kinetics and mechanism /". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://library.epfl.ch/theses/?nr=3422.
43
Dominguez, Angel E. "The hotel management simulation/game : an evaluation of game mechanics and learning outcomes /". Online version of thesis, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/11572.
44
Rudvi, Emil. "Digital Game Mechanics : to create an analog board game prototype". Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för datavetenskap och kommunikation, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-3282.
Resumo:
Analog games misses a lot of quick games in terms of game time and play time in the FPS genre. This genre often takes more time to play in an analog game. Could the game play become quicker by examining the different game mechanics in order to give the players a smoother game play by a reduction of downtime. Game mechanics that could be found in a digital FPS game such as Doom III, were converted to a prototype. These digital gameplay mechanics were converted so that an analog game could be played simultaneously. These game mechanics decrease the game time and down time in a way that a game using a turn based game order would not. The digital game Doom III was used to create the prototype and eight analog games of different types and genres were examined to collect more unique game mechanics. All were suited for a multiplayer type of gameplay. To get an understanding of what game elements were well liked in both digital and analog games, a questionnaire was created with twelve questions. The participants answered questions on the subjects of their favourite genre, missing game mechanics in both digital and analog games, well liked game mechanics, and also what the participants thought was impossible to create in a game in terms of game mechanics. The results of both the analysis of the eight analog games and the answers from the participants created the base plan for the development of the prototype focusing on low downtime, re-playability, and an average amount of luck. Several game mechanics were discussed and some of them were play tested. This resulted in keeping some game mechanics while others were removed because these game mechanics did not provide a rewarding gameplay. Several game mechanics were nearly impossible to implement without the use of a digital representation. An example on this type of issue was the first person view in the digital game. The perception of skill based game mechanics could be moved to an analog board game but would have to be determined by other game mechanics instead of the player’s physical capabilities. The conclusion lead to a prototype that could be played in an hour, which is a low game time for games in this genre. The FPS gameplay mechanics was converted to an analog game, but all game mechanics could not be transferred to the prototype without a conversion.Gränsvägen 29 372 37 Ronneby Phone +46(0)708 35 04 45
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Sunebäck, Isabel. "Adding realism to abstract simulation games : A study about mechanics in a virtual aquarium". Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-19662.
Resumo:
Many simulation games feature realistic mechanics that are highly representational (Adams 2014, p. 37) and closely recreate real activities or processes. Simulation games where the player keep artificial pets in their own environment (e.g. virtual aquarium) often feature abstract mechanics (Adams 2014, p. 37). The question was how players would experience an abstract simulation game where players keep artificial pets (fish), with realistic mechanics that are more representational. A simple game prototype was created based on existing games within the abstract life-simulation genre, which respondents playtested for 15 minutes. Data was collected through a short survey prior to each playtest, and semi-structured interviews after respondents had tested the artefact. Results indicated (among other things) that it was possible to translate many affordances of real aquariums and fish into mechanics. Whether they were perceived or not depended on the personality of the respondent, and did not have any correlation between knowledge about fish or gaming habits.
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Al, Shehabi Ahmad, e Cecil Quiroga. "Queerness In Games". Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för teknik och estetik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-19856.
Resumo:
The theme of this bachelor thesis was Queer Games. We discussed how queerness is applied in video games for queer people. We made some observations on how LGBTQ characters were represented within a few games that had representations of Queer experiences. We explored the topic of Queer Mechanics as presented by game creator Avery Mcdaldno (2014) and we researched discussions about Queerness in games by a select number of scholars. Namely, Bonnie Ruberg (Campus Gotland GAME, 2017), Naomi Clark (2017, Chapter 1) and Edmond. Y. Chang (2017, Chapter 2). We explained why we used Gay Memes as our anchoring topic for our Queer Game design and then we went through the methods and design process that we had while developing our Queer Game. These methods included Innovation By Boundary Shifting (Löwgren and Stolterman, 2004), Design Pillars (Max Pears, 2017) and The Crystal Clear method (New Line Technologies, 2018). Then, we broke down the design process starting with how we came up with the game concept, what design pillars we used and the programs and tools we used in the development of the game. We also explained the relation between our design process and the information we learned from the previously mentioned scholars and creators. At the end of this bachelor thesis, we discussed the effectiveness of the chosen methods, the results we found through research which included questioning the role of empathy and fun in games, putting less focus on superficial forms of representation and creating game mechanics that are queer. We described the finished video game we made and we introduced our ideas for future research on Queer Game Design.Temat för detta kandidatarbetet var Queer Spel. Vi diskuterade hur queerhet appliceras i digitala spel för HBTQ personer. Vi gjorde några observeringar kring hur HBTQ karaktärer representerades inom några spel som innehöll representationer av queer upplevelser. Vi undersökte ämnet “Queer Mechanics” som presenterades av spelskaparen Avery Mcdaldno (2014) och undersökte diskussioner från vissa forskare om Queerhet i Spel. Nämligen, Bonnie Ruberg (Campus Gotland GAME, 2017), Naomi Clark (2017, Kapitel 1) and Edmond. Y. Chang (2017, Kapitel 2). Vi förklarade varför vi använde “Gay Memes” som vår huvudämne för vår Queer-Spelgestaltning och sedan tydliggjorde våra metoder och designprocess som vi hade under utvecklingen av vår Queer-Spelgestaltning. Dessa metoder inkluderade Innovation By Boundary Shifting (Löwgren and Stolterman, 2004), Design Pillars (Max Pears, 2017) och The Crystal Clear method (New Line Technologies, 2018). Sedan bröt vi ner designprocessen till sina olika steg från hur vi kom fram till spelkonceptet till vilka “Design Pillars” vi använde och vilka datorprogram och verktyg vi använde för att utveckla spelgestaltningen. Vi förklarade också relationen mellan designprocessen och informationen vi lärde oss från de sistnämnda forskare och spelskapare. I slutet av detta kandidatarbetet diskuterade vi hur bra de valda metoderna fungerade och resultaten vi hittade genom vår undersökning. Dessa inkluderade att ifrågasätta rollen av empati och vikten av att ha roligt i spel, att lägga mindre fokus på ytliga former av representation och att skapa spelmekanik som är Queer. Vi beskrev den färdiga spelgestaltningen som vi skapade och introducerade våra egna idéer för framtida undersökningar om Queer Speldesign.
Arbetets resultat ledde till ett digitalt spel som kan laddas ner via denna länken https://ahmad-al-shehabi.itch.io/boyles-queer-quest-for-tea
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Thornton, David Gilbert Juan E. "Talking games an empirical study of speech-based cursor control mechanisms /". Auburn, Ala, 2008. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/EtdRoot/2008/FALL/Computer_Science_and_Software_Engineering/Dissertation/Thornton_David_31.pdf.
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Souza, Daniel Tomio. "EFFECTS OF INERT GASES AND FLOW VELOCITIES ON THE STRUCTURE AND STABILITY OF COFLOW DIFFUSION FLAMES". Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1611752323135947.
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Martin, Nicholas C. "Steady State Simulation of Pyrolysis Gases in an Inductively Coupled Plasma Facility". ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2017. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/791.
Resumo:
An important step in the more efficient use of PICA (Phenolic Impregnated Carbon Ablator) as a Thermal Protection System (TPS) material for spacecraft is the understanding of its pyrolysis mechanics. The gases released during pyrolysis and their subsequent interaction with the reactive plasma environment is not yet well understood. The surface recession of PICA as it ablates during testing only makes the study and characterization of the chemical reactions more difficult. To this end, a probe has been designed for this study to simulate, in steady state, the pyrolysis gases within the UVM 30kW Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) Torch Facility. This probe, which is an extension of previous work done at UVM, has been used to inject Carbon Dioxide, Hydrogen, and a mixture of the two into pure Argon and dilute Nitrogen, Oxygen, and air plasmas. During testing, spatially resolved, pointwise, line of sight emission measurements were taken in the boundary layer region. These results were then compared to temporally resolved PICA emission data taken in a previous study. After the correct temporal PICA scan was found the data sets closely matched. This indicates that the gas-injection probe is a viable method to simulate pyrolysis in a steady state environment. The key pyrolysis species of CN, NH, OH, Hydrogen Alpha (Hα), and Hydrogen Beta (Hβ) were spatially traced along the stagnation line for the pure Hydrogen and mixture injection cases. These measurements show evidence of spatial relationships between NH and Hα as well as between OH and Hβ. They also show that all of the molecules tend to follow the same general trend spatially. The work done for this study has both reintegrated gas-injection capability into the UVM facility as well as laid the groundwork for future gas-injection testing within the facility. Spatial emission analysis techniques currently being developed at UVM will provide a more resolved picture of the interactions occurring in the boundary layer once completed.
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Nihlén, Karl, e Sebastian Lind. "Interactive Evolution as a Game Mechanic". Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för teknik och samhälle (TS), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-20222.
Resumo:
This thesis explores how interactive evolution is perceived as a game mechanic in a simulation based environment. An artifact called Genetic Olympics was created as a simulation in which interactive evolution was implemented. In the artifact, users are presented with activities that allow AI-agents, in the form of Olympians, to compete against each other. The user functions as the selection part of an evolutionary algorithm, letting the user choose the direction to evolve the Olympians by continually breeding them in different ways. Data about how users perceived interactive evolution as a game mechanic was gathered through interviews. The data from the interviews later formed a questionnaire. The answers from the questionnaire showed how the users had both positive and negative experiences when using the artifact. The users proposed how to augment the artifact to become more like a game. By adding minor goals for the user to reach, the artifact could lean more toward what a game resembles. All in all, the data shows that interactive evolution works in simulation based games.