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Artigos de revistas sobre o tema "Mycorrhizal fungi"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 4 de junho de 2021

Última modificação: 25 de julho de 2025

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1

Valdes, María. "Aspectos ecofisiológicos de las micorrizas." Botanical Sciences, no. 49 (April 10, 2017): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.17129/botsci.1363.

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Mycorrhiza is the part of the roots infected with particular soil fungi. This type of association is formed by most of the plants. There are several types of mycorrhizae; this short review is concerned only with Ectomycorrhiza (EM) and the Vesicular-Arbuscular Mycorrhiza (VAM). These two types are the most common in nature. EM has a compact fungus mantle over the root surface and intercellular hypha in the cortex; the V AM has a loose network of hyphae in the soil surrounding the root and hyphal growth within the cortical cells. Mycorrhizas increase nutrient uptake and hence plant growth. Sinc

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Bryndina, Larisa, Yuliya Arnaut, and Olesya Alykova. "MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI IN THE FORMATION OF BIOGEOCENOSES: ANALYTICAL REVIEW." Forestry Engineering Journal 12, no. 1 (2022): 5–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2022.1/1.

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This review examines the results of scientific experiments of foreign and domestic researchers in the field of studying mycorrhizal associations, the mechanisms of their symbiosis with plants. The information about the current state of the issue is given: different points of view on the interaction of mycorrhizal plants with mycobionts. A comparative analysis of the development of mycorrhiza in individual plant species was carried out. It was found that the maximum degree of mycorrhiza development corresponds to the beech and linden families. The factors influencing the development of balanced

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3

Ramakrishnan, K., and G. Bhuvaneswari. "Influence on Different Types of Mycorrhizal Fungi on Crop Productivity in Ecosystem." International Letters of Natural Sciences 38 (May 2015): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilns.38.9.

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Mycorrhizal fungi greatly enhanced the ability of plants to take up phosphorus and other nutrients those are relatively immobile and exist in low concentration in the soil solution. Fungi can be important in the uptake of other nutrients by the host plant. Mycorrhizae establish symbiotic relationships with plants and play an essential role in plant growth, disease protection, and overall soil quality. Of the seven types of mycorrhizae described in current scientific literature (arbuscular, ecto, ectendo, arbutoid, monotropoid, ericoid and orchidaceous mycorrhizae), the arbuscular and ectomycor

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Ramakrishnan, K., and G. Bhuvaneswari. "Influence on Different Types of Mycorrhizal Fungi on Crop Productivity in Ecosystem." International Letters of Natural Sciences 38 (May 6, 2015): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.56431/p-9pjdc8.

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Mycorrhizal fungi greatly enhanced the ability of plants to take up phosphorus and other nutrients those are relatively immobile and exist in low concentration in the soil solution. Fungi can be important in the uptake of other nutrients by the host plant. Mycorrhizae establish symbiotic relationships with plants and play an essential role in plant growth, disease protection, and overall soil quality. Of the seven types of mycorrhizae described in current scientific literature (arbuscular, ecto, ectendo, arbutoid, monotropoid, ericoid and orchidaceous mycorrhizae), the arbuscular and ectomycor

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5

Dalpé, Y. "Mycorrhizal fungi biodiversity in Canadian soils." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 83, Special Issue (2003): 321–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/s01-067.

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The term "mycorrhiza" refers to the mutualistic symbiosis between fungi and the roots of a vast majority of vascular plants, distributed over almost any ecosystem. The fungal symbionts, primarily recognized for their beneficial impact on plant growth and plant protection, are integral components of soil ecosystems and as such, play an active role in improving plant productivity and diversity, soil microflora and microfauna diversity, and soil quality. Classified among major groups of true fungi, the study of their biodiversity and distribution has been explored for only a few decades. Major em

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6

Taurinanda, Adventio Purnamadya, and Dina Rotua Valentina Banjarnahor. "Mycorrhiza Diversity in Some Intercropping Systems of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L) and Faba Bean (Vicia faba L)." Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) 12, no. 2 (2023): 495. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jtep-l.v12i2.495-508.

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) is the most widely distributed mycorrhizal fungi in the soil and can make a symbiosis with the roots of host plants to form arbuscular mycorrhizal symbionts. Intercropping is a practice of polyculture cropping where two or more plant species are simultaneously cultivated in the same field. The objective of this study was to define the effect of intercropping on the density and diversity of mycorrhizal spores. In this study, potatoes and faba beans, both of which have the ability to symbiosis with mycorrhizae, were intercropped. A randomized group design with

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7

Shamsudin, Nor Amirah, Jaya Seelan Sathiya Seelan, Jualang Azlan Gansau, and Nor Azizun Rusdi. "A review: Molecular identification of orchid mycorrhiza." Advances in Horticultural Science 38, no. 1 (2024): 97–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/ahsc-14952.

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Orchids are a diverse and widespread family of flowering plants, with over 25,000 known species and more than 100,000 hybrids and cultivars. Orchids are characterised by their often showy and highly specialised flowers and have unique and intricate floral. Orchids are known to be highly dependent on their mycorrhizal fungi for nutrient uptake, especially during the early stages of their development. Orchid seeds lack the endosperm present in most other seeds, which means they cannot germinate without a source of nutrition. The relationship between orchids and mycorrhiza is known as orchid myco

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8

Miller, R. M., B. A. D. Hetrick, and G. W. T. Wilson. "Mycorrhizal fungi affect root stele tissue in grasses." Canadian Journal of Botany 75, no. 10 (1997): 1778–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b97-892.

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Although arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis was initially believed to have little or no impact on root morphology, we now recognize that subtle changes do occur and that these changes may be of considerable consequence to host growth and nutrition, as well as functional growth strategy. In examining the stele and root diameters of C3 and C4 grasses, C4 grasses were demonstrated to have a significantly larger proportion of their fibrous roots occupied by stele tissue than do C3 grasses. In fact, functional growth strategy (C3 versus C4) was observed to be a relatively good predictor of stele area

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9

Liu, Jin, Yang Xu, Yan-Ji Si, et al. "The Diverse Mycorrizal Morphology of Rhododendron dauricum, the Fungal Communities Structure and Dynamics from the Mycorrhizosphere." Journal of Fungi 10, no. 1 (2024): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof10010065.

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It is generally believed that mycorrhiza is a microecosystem composed of mycorrhizal fungi, host plants and other microscopic organisms. The mycorrhiza of Rhododendron dauricum is more complex and the diverse morphology of our investigated results displays both typical ericoid mycorrhizal characteristics and ectomycorrhizal traits. The characteristics of ectendoomycorrhiza, where mycelial invade from the outside into the root cells, have also been observed. In order to further clarify the mycorrhizal fungi members and other fungal communities of R. dauricum mycorrhiza, and explore the effects

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10

Perry, D. A., R. Molina, and M. P. Amaranthus. "Mycorrhizae, mycorrhizospheres, and reforestation: current knowledge and research needs." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 17, no. 8 (1987): 929–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x87-145.

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Although not a panacea, management of mycorrhizae and associated organisms is an important reforestation aid. Its three major components are protection of the indigenous soil community and evaluation of inoculation needs, integration of inoculation programs into existing reforestation technology, and research. Clear-cutting frequently results in reduced mycorrhizae formation, particularly when reforestation is delayed and no other host plants are present to maintain fungal populations. Implications of such reductions for reforestation vary with environmental factors and tree species. Adequate

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11

Tammi, Hanna, Sari Timonen, and Robin Sen. "Spatiotemporal colonization of Scots pine roots by introduced and indigenous ectomycorrhizal fungi in forest humus and nursery Sphagnum peat microcosms." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 31, no. 5 (2001): 746–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x01-011.

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Mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seedling combinations were grown in two-dimensional Perspex® microcosms containing forest humus or nursery Sphagnum peat, without additional fertilization. Spatial and temporal patterns of mycorrhizal fungal colonization of roots were assessed over a 3-month period, through visual morphotyping and polymerase chain reaction assisted rDNA fingerprinting of developed mycorrhizas. Six distinct morphotypes of mycorrhiza developed on non-mycorrhizal seedlings grown in forest humus. Three of the morphotypes (white1-, black-, and brown-t

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12

Phavaphutanon, Lop, and Fred T. Davies. "435 PB 206 EFFECT OF MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI AND PHOSPHORUS ON GROWTH AND NUTRIENT UPTAKE OF NEEM TREE SEEDLINGS (AZADIRACHTA INDICA A. JUSS)." HortScience 29, no. 5 (1994): 493e—493. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.29.5.493e.

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Growth and nutrient content of neem tree seedlings (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) were studied in response to the mycorrhial fungi Glomus intraradices Schenck & Smith and Long Ashton Nutrient Solution (LANS) modified to supply phosphorus (P) at 0.65 and 1.30 mM P. Three months after inoculation, an extensive mycorrhizal colonization was observed in mycorrhizal plants at both P levels. Shoot growth of mycorrhizal plants was similar at both P levels while the growth of nonmycorrhizal plants increased with increasing P supply. Mycorrhizal plants had greater leaf area, shoot dry weight and root

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13

Gianinazzi-Pearson, Vivienne, Armelle Gollotte, Benoit Tisserant, et al. "Cellular and molecular approaches in the characterization of symbiotic events in functional arbuscular mycorrhizal associations." Canadian Journal of Botany 73, S1 (1995): 526–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b95-292.

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Arbuscular mycorrhizas represent the most widespread, and probably most ancient, type of plant–fungus association in which the large majority of terrestrial plants must have evolved with compatibility systems towards the fungal symbionts. Cellular interactions leading to reciprocal morphofunctional integration between symbionts during mycorrhiza establishment are complex. Some plant genes and cellular events may be shared with nodulation processes, but there is evidence of molecular modifications specific to arbuscular mycorrhiza formation. Plant defence responses, which are normally weakly ac

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14

Perotto, Silvia, Renato Peretto, Antonella Faccio, Andrea Schubert, Paola Bonfante, and Ajit Varma. "Ericoid mycorrhizal fungi: cellular and molecular bases of their interactions with the host plant." Canadian Journal of Botany 73, S1 (1995): 557–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b95-296.

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A number of soil-borne fungi are able to form typical ericoid mycorrhizae with plants belonging to Ericales. Together with Hymenoscyphus ericae, the first isolate from roots of ericaceous plants, other fungal species belonging to the genus Oidiodendron and many sterile mycelia have been recognized as mycorrhizal by several authors. A high genetic diversity was even found when a population of ericoid mycorrhizal fungi isolated from a single plant of Calluna vulgaris was analysed with morphological and molecular techniques. Ericoid fungi have a relevant saprotrophic potential, as they can degrad

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15

Walker, Christopher. "Sitka spruce mycorrhizas." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Section B. Biological Sciences 93, no. 1-2 (1987): 117–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269727000006333.

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SynopsisRelatively little research has been done on mycorrhizas of Sitka spruce, although greenhouse studies have confirmed that its growth can be improved by the introduction of mycorrhizal fungi. Work in nurseries is difficult under British conditions and it probably will be necessary to disinfest soil in seedbeds before mycorrhizal treatment can be applied. Results from forest trials show that inoculation with selected mycorrhizal fungi can give significant early growth effects, though how long these will persist is unknown. In such work, careful attention must be given to selection of cont

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16

Reddy, Gurrala Sai Vamsi, Sai Krishna Reddy Bokka, Sushma Raj Chellem, et al. "Mutualistic Relationships between Plants and Mycorrhizal Fungi Impacts on Ecosystem Functioning: A Review." UTTAR PRADESH JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY 45, no. 13 (2024): 242–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.56557/upjoz/2024/v45i134151.

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Mycorrhizal fungi form mutualistic relationships with the majority of terrestrial plants, influencing nutrient uptake, soil structure, plant growth, and ecosystem functioning. The diverse types of mycorrhizal associations, including arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM), ectomycorrhizae (ECM), ericoid mycorrhizae (ERM), and orchid mycorrhizae (ORM), each contributing uniquely to plant health and soil ecosystems. Mechanisms of interaction, such as fungal colonization, nutrient exchange, signaling pathways, and carbon allocation, underscore the complexity and significance of these symbioses. Mycorrhizal f

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17

Plenchette, C., C. Clermont-Dauphin, J. M. Meynard, and J. A. Fortin. "Managing arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in cropping systems." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 85, no. 1 (2005): 31–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/p03-159.

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Market globalization, demographic pressure, and environmental degradation have led us to reconsider many of our current agricultural systems. The heavy use of chemical inputs, including fertilizers and pesticides, has resulted in pollution, decreased biodiversity in intensively-farmed regions, degradation of fragile agro-ecosystems, and prohibitive costs for many farmers. Low input sustainable cropping systems should replace conventional agriculture, but this requires a more comprehensive understanding of the biological interactions within agro-ecosystems. Mycorrhizal fungi appear to be the mo

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18

Monreal, Marcia, S. M. Berch, and Mary Berbee. "Molecular diversity of ericoid mycorrhizal fungi." Canadian Journal of Botany 77, no. 11 (2000): 1580–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b99-107.

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Using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) patterns from two ribosomal internal transcribed spacers (ITS) and DNA sequences from ITS2, we characterized ericoid mycorrhizal fungal isolates from culture collections.With a synoptic key to RFLP patterns, we divided 34 mycorrhizal or root-associated isolates into 16 groups. RFLP patterns were identical when fungal specific primers were used to amplify DNA from pure fungal cultures and in vitro mycorrhizae. Sequence analysis clustered 23 of 24 mycorrhizal isolates into two larger groups: the Oidiodendron group and the Hymenoscyphus group.

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Rimington, William R., Silvia Pressel, Jeffrey G. Duckett, Katie J. Field, David J. Read, and Martin I. Bidartondo. "Ancient plants with ancient fungi: liverworts associate with early-diverging arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 285, no. 1888 (2018): 20181600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.1600.

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Arbuscular mycorrhizas are widespread in land plants including liverworts, some of the closest living relatives of the first plants to colonize land 500 million years ago (MYA). Previous investigations reported near-exclusive colonization of liverworts by the most recently evolved arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, the Glomeraceae, indicating a recent acquisition from flowering plants at odds with the widely held notion that arbuscular mycorrhizal-like associations in liverworts represent the ancestral symbiotic condition in land plants. We performed an analysis of symbiotic fungi in 674 globally c

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Rahmaniah, Rahmaniah, and Roswita Oesman. "SERAPAN FOSFOR TANAMAN TERHADAP PEMBERIAN MIKORIZA ARBUSKULA DI BEBERAPA JENIS RUMPUT TERHADAP DERAJAT MIKORIZA." ZIRAA'AH MAJALAH ILMIAH PERTANIAN 48, no. 1 (2023): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.31602/zmip.v48i1.9193.

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It is hoped that mycorrhiza will increase plant P uptake, and the degree of infection (%) of roots in ultisol soil and the application of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to various animal feeds is to determine the effect of mycorrhizal and phosphorus (P) uptake on plants so that the degree of mycorrhizal and phosphorus (P) absorption by plants is affected. . This research was conducted from March 2022 to October 2022 on the land of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Community Development. This design uses a completely randomized design consisting of two factors. The first factor was the ty

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Caruso, G., N. A. Golubkina, Т. M. Seredin, and V. М. Sellitto. "UTILIZATION OF ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI IN PRODUCTION OF ALLIUM SPECIES." Vegetable crops of Russia, no. 3 (July 25, 2018): 93–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.18619/2072-9146-2018-3-93-98.

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The fundamental direction of modern agriculture development is elaboration and utilization of technologies that ensure environmental safety, high plant productivity and quality of crop production. In this connection, the issues of optimization of mineral nutrition and water supply, immunity enhancement and protection of plants against various forms of biotic and abiotic stresses without significant environmental stress are of current interest. Normal growth and development of almost all plants on the Earth depends on the presence of mycorrhizal fungi in the soil, which ensure optimal plant nut

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Thurner, Melanie A., Silvia Caldararu, Jan Engel, Anja Rammig, and Sönke Zaehle. "Modelled forest ecosystem carbon–nitrogen dynamics with integrated mycorrhizal processes under elevated CO₂." Biogeosciences 21, no. 6 (2024): 1391–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1391-2024.

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Abstract. Almost 95 % of all terrestrial plant species form symbioses with mycorrhizal fungi that mediate plant–soil interactions: mycorrhizae facilitate plant nitrogen (N) acquisition and are, therefore, vital for plant growth, but they also build a pathway for plant-assimilated carbon (C) into the rhizosphere. Therefore, mycorrhizae likely play an important role in shaping the response of ecosystems to environmental changes such as rising atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations, which can increase plant N demand and the transfer of plant C assimilation to the soil. While the importan

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Ellouze, Walid, Chantal Hamel, R. M. DePauw, R. E. Knox, Richard D. Cuthbert, and Asheesh K. Singh. "Potential to breed for mycorrhizal association in durum wheat." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 62, no. 3 (2016): 263–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjm-2014-0598.

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The selection of genotypes under high soil fertility may alter the effectiveness of mycorrhizal symbioses naturally forming between crop plants and the mycorrhizal fungi residing in cultivated fields. We tested the hypothesis that the mycorrhizal symbiosis of 5 landraces functions better than the mycorrhizal symbiosis of 27 cultivars of durum wheat that were bred after the development of the fertilizer industry. We examined the development of mycorrhiza and the response of these genotypes to mycorrhiza formation after 4 weeks of growth under high and low soil fertility levels in the greenhouse

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Mudge, Kenneth W., Kent S. Diebolt, and Thomas H. Whitlow. "Ectomycorrhizal Effect on Host Plant Response to Drought Stress." Journal of Environmental Horticulture 5, no. 4 (1987): 183–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898-5.4.183.

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Ectomycorrhizal symbiosis affects the water relations and drought resistance of woody landscape trees and shrubs in the families Pinaceae, Fagaceae, Betulaceae, and others. It has frequently been observed that host plants mycorrhizal with drought-adapted fungi exhibit improved growth and survival during drought and more rapid recovery after rewatering than non-mycorrhizal plants or plants mycorrhizal with fungi not adapted to dry sites. Relatively few studies have addressed the effect of mycorrhizae on the physiological response of host plants to drought stress. It is suggested that some fungi

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Kottke, Ingrid, Juan Pablo Suárez, Paulo Herrera, et al. "Atractiellomycetes belonging to the ‘rust’ lineage (Pucciniomycotina) form mycorrhizae with terrestrial and epiphytic neotropical orchids." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 277, no. 1685 (2009): 1289–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2009.1884.

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Distinctive groups of fungi are involved in the diverse mycorrhizal associations of land plants. All previously known mycorrhiza-forming Basidiomycota associated with trees, ericads, liverworts or orchids are hosted in Agaricomycetes, Agaricomycotina. Here we demonstrate for the first time that Atractiellomycetes, members of the ‘rust’ lineage (Pucciniomycotina), are mycobionts of orchids. The mycobionts of 103 terrestrial and epiphytic orchid individuals, sampled in the tropical mountain rainforest of Southern Ecuador, were identified by sequencing the whole ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region and part of

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Westphal, Andreas, Nicole L. Snyder, Lijuan Xing, and James J. Camberato. "Effects of Inoculations with Mycorrhizal Fungi of Soilless Potting Mixes During Transplant Production on Watermelon Growth and Early Fruit Yield." HortScience 43, no. 2 (2008): 354–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.43.2.354.

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Watermelon, Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai, crops are continuously exposed to soilborne diseases. In many areas of the United States, greenhouse-raised watermelon seedlings are transplanted to the field to allow for early crop establishment and early fruit production. This practice can result in weakened root systems, which potentially make the plant prone to premature senescence and reduce crop productivity. Mycorrhizal fungi have been reported to improve plant growth in many crops through enhanced root growth and function. We hypothesized that amending potting mixes with comm

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SHI, Zhaoyong, Yongming WANG, Shouxia XU, et al. "Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Enhance Plant Diversity, Density and Productivity of Spring Ephemeral Community in Desert Ecosystem." Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 45, no. 1 (2017): 301–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nbha45110766.

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi form intimate associations with the roots of about 85% of all terrestrial plants, and can greatly increase a plant’s uptake of soil nutrients and have been shown to influence plant diversity in several ecosystems. A lot of studies have reported the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizas on plant density, species diversity, richness and productivity in desert herbland in Gurbantonggut desert, China. Here, we conduct a mycorrhizal functional study by suppressing AM fungi by applying the fungicide benomyl as a soil drench in soil cores and field in-situ experiment. The

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Gagnon, J., C. G. Langlois, and J. A. Fortin. "Growth of containerized jack pine seedlings inoculated with different ectomycorrhizal fungi under a controlled fertilization schedule." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 17, no. 8 (1987): 840–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x87-133.

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Containerized jack pine (Pinusbanksiana Lamb.) seedlings were grown in a peat moss – vermiculite substrate and inoculated at sowing with pure cultures of three ectomycorrhizal fungi. After 18 weeks of growth in the greenhouse, seedlings inoculated with Laccariabicolor had 97% of their short roots mycorrhizal, while those inoculated with Hebelomacylindrosporum had 36% of their rootlets mycorrhizal. No mycorrhizae were obtained with Rhizopogon sp. After both 12 and 18 weeks of growth with the fertilization schedule used, seedlings colonized with L. bicolor and H. cylindrosporum were significantl

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Pratama, Aulia Brellian, Wibowo Mangunwardoyo, Nicholas Dwi Chandra, et al. "Influence of AM fungi inoculation on Capsicum annuum L. plant grown in microwave-sterilized media." E3S Web of Conferences 306 (2021): 01057. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202130601057.

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The presence of arbuscular mycorrhizal in soil may affect growth and yield of chili (Capsicum annuum L.). This experiment was done to know the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculation on growth of chilli. Microwave soil sterilization was used to reduce the number of microbes in the media, enabling to observe the interaction between chili peppers and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. A single culture products (A) and mixed culture products (B) were used as arbuscular mycorrhizal spores. In contrast to product A, the spore counted calculation reported that product B had the most spores, with 51

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Cardoso Filho, Júlio Alves, Eurico Eduardo Pinto de Lemos, Tania Marta Carvalho dos Santos, Luis Carlos Caetano, and Marco Antonio Nogueira. "Mycorrhizal dependency of mangaba tree under increasing phosphorus levels." Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 43, no. 7 (2008): 887–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2008000700013.

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the mycorrhizal dependency of mangaba tree (Hancornia speciosa) plantlets, under increasing levels of phosphorus fertilization. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 4×5 factorial arrangement with three mycorrhizal fungi inocula - Gigaspora margarita, Glomus etunicatum, or a pool of native mycorrhizal fungi (Acaulospora longula, Glomus clarum, Gigaspora albida, Paraglomus sp.) -, and a nonmycorrhizal control, in combination with five levels of phosphorus applied to the substrate: 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 mg kg-1. After 180 days of grow

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Danielson, R. M., and S. Visser. "Host response to inoculation and behaviour of introduced and indigenous ectomycorrhizal fungi of jack pine grown on oil-sands tailings." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 19, no. 11 (1989): 1412–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x89-216.

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Pinusbanksiana Lamb, seedlings were inoculated with nine mycorrhizal fungi and outplanted on an oil-sands containment dyke that had been amended with muskeg peat. After one growing season, E-strain (Complexipes), Hebeloma sp., Thelephoraterrestris Ehrh.:Fr., and Laccariaproximo Boudier each formed mycorrhizae with greater than 40% of the new short roots within 10 cm of the stem. Cenococcumgeophilum Fr., Pisolithustinctorius (Pers.) Coker & Couch, Astraeushygrometricus (Pers.) Morgan, Lactariusparadoxus Beardslee & Burlingham, and Sphaerosporellabrunnea (Alb. & Schw.:Fr.) Svrcek &am

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M., N. Abubacker, Visvanathan M., and Srinivasan. "IMPACT OF PESTICIDES ON AMF SPORE POPULATION AND DIVERSITY IN BANANA (MUSA SPP.) PLANTATION SOILS." Biolife 2, no. 4 (2022): 1279–86. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7238439.

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<strong>ABSTRACT</strong> Impact of pesticides on arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi (AMF) was carried out in banana plantation soils at Lalapet, Karur District. Maximum number of twenty two species of AMF population were isolated and identified from the soil of natural site without pesticides sprayed soils with moderate pH, high soil organic carbon, nitrogen and potassium, least available phosphorus content as compared to artificial site contaminated with pesticide and only seven species of AMF population were isolated from this soil. The present study would help to determine to what extent and whi

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Quirk, Joe, David J. Beerling, Steve A. Banwart, Gabriella Kakonyi, Maria E. Romero-Gonzalez, and Jonathan R. Leake. "Evolution of trees and mycorrhizal fungi intensifies silicate mineral weathering." Biology Letters 8, no. 6 (2012): 1006–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2012.0503.

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Forested ecosystems diversified more than 350 Ma to become major engines of continental silicate weathering, regulating the Earth's atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration by driving calcium export into ocean carbonates. Our field experiments with mature trees demonstrate intensification of this weathering engine as tree lineages diversified in concert with their symbiotic mycorrhizal fungi. Preferential hyphal colonization of the calcium silicate-bearing rock, basalt, progressively increased with advancement from arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) to later, independently evolved ectomycorrhizal (EM

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Kumalawati, Zahraeni, Sri Muliani, Asmawati Asmawati, Kafrawi Kafrawi, and Yunus Musa. "Exploration of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi from Sugarcane Rhizosphere in Marginal Land." PLANTA TROPIKA: Jurnal Agrosains (Journal of Agro Science) 9, no. 2 (2021): 126–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.18196/pt.v9i2.4026.

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The exploration of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi from sugarcane plantation in marginal land in South Sulawesi was carried out to find the source of inoculums showing effective infection. Soil samples were taken from four area with different characteristic of marginal land, namely land with low organic matter content, clay texture, limited irrigation, and undulating land. Mycorrhizae contained in the soil samples were then observed, and the spores obtained were used as the source of isolation by a single spore culture. The mycorrhizal spores were isolated by wet sieving and centrifugation method

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Al-Khaliel, A. S. "Effect of salinity stress on mycorrhizal association and growth response of peanut infected by Glomus mosseae." Plant, Soil and Environment 56, No. 7 (2010): 318–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/204/2009-pse.

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Arbuscular mycorrhiza is a mutualistic association between fungi and higher plants, and play a critical role in nutrient cycling and stress tolerance. However, much less is known about the mycorrhiza-mediated enhancement in growth and salinity tolerance of the peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) growing in the arid and semi-arid areas. Therefore, mycorrhizal status of Glomus mosseae in diverse salinity levels on original substrate soil conditions was investigated. Different growth parameters, accumulation of proline content and salt stress tolerance were studied. These investigations indicated that

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Khan, S., Kamla Uniyal, R. Dhiman, and Nidhi Bhardwaj. "Observations on the development of Mycorrhiza in Chir Pine seedlings of different provenances." Indian Journal of Forestry 22, no. 2 (1999): 95–100. https://doi.org/10.54207/bsmps1000-1999-d7ql03.

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A quantitative and qualitative assessment of mycorrhiza development was made in uninoculated seedling stock of Pinus roxburghii raised from seeds of twenty provenances. Significant differences were observed in mycorrhiza formation by indigenous mycorrhizal fungi representing seven distinct groups of provenances. Kuthnoor, Dharashu, Deha and Dibkhan provenances form a separate group which shows significantly higher values for short root formation, mycorrhizal roots and per cent mycorrhizal roots per plant in relation to group of Dharmshala, Bhader Kali, Mashobra, Neri Nissoo and Chabal Ki Dhar

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Sinanaj, Besiana, Martin I. Bidartondo, Silvia Pressel, and Katie J. Field. "Molecular Evidence of Mucoromycotina “Fine Root Endophyte” Fungi in Agricultural Crops." Biology and Life Sciences Forum 4, no. 1 (2020): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/iecps2020-08728.

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Over 85% of land plants engage in symbiotic relationships with mycorrhiza-forming soil fungi that colonise their roots. These mycorrhizal symbioses, which involve the exchange of fungal-acquired nutrients and water for photosynthetically fixed plant carbon, are considered a promising nature-based solution to making agricultural practices more sustainable. In order to implement the widespread use of mycorrhizal fungi in agriculture, a more complete awareness of mycorrhizal fungal diversity and range of plant hosts is needed. Mucoromycotina Fine Root Endophytes (MFRE) are a group of mycorrhiza-f

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Unrug, Juliusz, and Katarzyna Turnau. "Mycorrhiza of Dryopteris carthusiana in southern Poland." Acta Mycologica 34, no. 2 (2014): 305–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/am.1999.020.

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The research on mycorrhiza of <i>Dryopteris carthusiana</i> from natural sites and those contaminated by heavy metals (Niepołomice Forest), both on lowlands and mountainous areas in Poland, was carried out. Mycorrhizal colonization of <i>Arum</i>-type was higher in ferns growing on tree stumps than in specimens developing directly on the soil. Additionally, an increase in mycorrhiza intensity and arbuscular richness with the rising ground humidity was observed. In comparison to natural sites, mycorrhizas from the areas contaminated by heavy metals were much less develop

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Liu, A., C. Hamel, S. H. Begna, B. L. Ma, and D. L. Smith. "Soil phosphorus depletion capacity of arbuscular mycorrhizae formed by maize hybrids." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 83, no. 4 (2003): 337–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/s02-037.

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The ability of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi to help their host plant absorb soil P is well known, but little attention has been paid to the effect of AM fungi on soil P depletion capacity. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to assess, under different P levels, the effects of mycorrhizae on extractable soil P and P uptake by maize hybrids with contrasting phenotypes. The experiment had three factors, including two mycorrhizal treatments (mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal), three P fertilizer rates (0, 40, and 80 mg kg-1) and three maize hybrids [leafy normal stature (LNS), leafy reduced s

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Meney, KA, KW Dixon, M. Scheltema, and JS Pate. "Occurrence of Vesicular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Dryland Species of Restionaceae and Cyperaceae From South-West Western Australia." Australian Journal of Botany 41, no. 6 (1993): 733. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt9930733.

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Species of Cyperaceae and Restionaceae were examined for presence of vesicular-arbuscular (VA) mycorrhizal fungi in natural habitat in south-west Western Australia. VA mycorrhizal fungi were detected in roots of two species of Cyperaceae (Lepidosperma gracile and Tetraria capillaris), and two species of Restionaceae (Alexgeorgea nitens and Lyginia barbata), all representing the first records for these genera. Results indicated a very short seasonal period of infection, with VA mycorrhizal fungi representing the genera Acaulospora, Glomus, Scutellospora and Gigaspora identified in roots. VA myc

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Sanders, Ian R., Roger T. Koide, and Durland L. Shumway. "Mycorrhizal stimulation of plant parasitism." Canadian Journal of Botany 71, no. 9 (1993): 1143–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b93-134.

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Symbioses, intimate relationships between dissimilar organisms, are most often considered as two-partner interactions. In nature, however, plants can simultaneously interact with a number of symbionts such as the mutualistic mycorrhizal fungi and the parasitic angiosperm dodder. We found that successful shoot parasitism by dodder on plants in a field experiment occurred almost exclusively when the plant roots were colonized by mycorrhizal fungi. Under controlled conditions, life expectancy of dodder was significantly greater on mycorrhizal plants than on nonmycorrhizal plants. Furthermore, col

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Whipps, John M. "Prospects and limitations for mycorrhizas in biocontrol of root pathogens." Canadian Journal of Botany 82, no. 8 (2004): 1198–227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b04-082.

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More than 80 disease biocontrol products are on the market worldwide, but none of these contain mycor rhizal fungi. This is despite ample evidence that both arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and ectomycorrhizal fungi can control a number of plant diseases. A procedure for successful development of disease biocontrol agents in general is used as a background to examine the potential for achieving commercial mycorrhizal biocontrol agents. This includes (i) selection and screening; (ii) characterization involving identification, studies of modes of action and ecophysiology, as well as inoculum product

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Tibbett, Mark, and John W. G. Cairney. "The cooler side of mycorrhizas: their occurrence and functioning at low temperatures." Canadian Journal of Botany 85, no. 1 (2007): 51–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b06-152.

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Mycorrhizal associations occur in a range of habitats in which soils are subject to low temperature (≤15 °C) for a significant part of the year. Despite this, most of our understanding of mycorrhizal fungi and their interactions with their plant hosts is based on physiological investigations conducted in the range 20–37 °C using fungi of temperate origin. Comparatively little consideration has been given to the cold edaphic conditions in which many mycorrhizas survive and prosper, and the physiological and ecological consequences of their low temperature environments. In this review, we consid

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Menoyo, Eugenia, Alejandra G. Becerra, and Daniel Renison. "Mycorrhizal associations in Polylepis woodlands of Central Argentina." Canadian Journal of Botany 85, no. 5 (2007): 526–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b07-042.

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Polylepis woodlands are one of the most threatened mountain ecosystems of South America, and their restoration is a high priority. To assess the mycorrhizal status in Polylepis woodlands of “Quebrada del Condorito” National Park (Córdoba Mountains, Central Argentina), we examined the roots of 22 plant species, belonging to 14 families and determined morphological types of arbuscular mycorrhiza (Arum and Paris type) and colonization level. The 22 species were colonized by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and dark septate endophytes. Different arbuscular mycorrhizal structures and colonization patte

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Fidelibus, Matthew W., Chris A. Martin, and Jean C. Stutz. "Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (AM) Fungal Isolates Differentially Altered Morphology of Young `Volkamer' Lemon Plants under Well-watered Conditions." HortScience 32, no. 3 (1997): 443F—444. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.32.3.443f.

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Four AM fungal isolates (Glomus sp.) were screened for effects on growth of `Volkamer' lemon (Citrus volkameriana Ten. and Pasq.) under well-watered conditions. Plants were inoculated with an isolate of AM fungi, or non-inoculated. Non-mycorrhizal plants received more phosphorus (P) fertilizer than mycorrhizal plants because mycorrhizae enhance P uptake. Mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal plants were grown in 8-liter containers for 3 months in a glasshouse. Plants were then harvested, and root length colonized by mycorrhizal fungi, leaf P concentration, and plant growth were determined. Root leng

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PEREIRA, J. A. P., I. J. C. VIEIRA, M. S. M. FREITAS, C. L. PRINS, M. A. MARTINS, and R. RODRIGUES. "Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi onCapsicumspp." Journal of Agricultural Science 154, no. 5 (2015): 828–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859615000714.

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SUMMARYThe benefits of mycorrhizal inoculation on growth, yield and nutrition of plants are well documented. However, mycorrhiza use in pepper and sweet pepper crops (Capsicumspp.) is still rarely exploited compared to other crops of economic importance. The current paper reviews the main aspects of the association between arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and plants of pepper and sweet pepper. It includes topics about the effects of AM fungi on nutrition, growth and yield inCapsicumspp., paying particular attention to AM fungi–pathogen interactions, responses to some environmental stresses, a

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Moreira, Samuel D., André C. França, Wellington W. Rocha, Evandro S. R. Tibães, and Eudes Neiva Júnior. "Inoculation with mycorrhizal fungi on the growth and tolerance to water deficit of coffee plants." Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental 22, no. 11 (2018): 747–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v22n11p747-752.

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ABSTRACT Water stress can be alleviated in plants inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi compared to that experienced by those without mycorrhizae. The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth of coffee plants colonized by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi under different soil moisture conditions. Seeds of the coffee cultivar Catuaí Vermelho IAC 99 and three fungal inoculants (Rhizophagus clarus, Claroideoglomus etunicatum and Dentiscutata heterogama) were used in this study. The soil moisture contents tested were 40, 60, 80, and 100% of field capacity. Seedlings in the matchstick s

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Tester, M., S. E. Smith, and F. A. Smith. "The phenomenon of "nonmycorrhizal" plants." Canadian Journal of Botany 65, no. 3 (1987): 419–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b87-051.

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Most species of plants are normally infected by mycorrhizal fungi, but some plant taxa do not usually form generally recognisable mycorrhizas. The identity and relationships of these "nonmycorrhizal" or weakly mycorrhizal taxa are considered in this review. Mechanisms that are used by the plants for avoiding infection are discussed. Exudation of fungitoxic compounds or simply low levels of exudation are not believed to inhibit infection. Similarly, the presence of fungitoxic compounds in root cortex cells is not believed to prevent mycorrhizal fungi from infecting weakly mycorrhizal plants. It

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Farias-Larios, J., S. Guzman-Gonzalez, and A. Michel-Rosales. "The Advances in the Study on Mycorrhizas of Fruit Trees in Dry Tropics of Mexico." HortScience 31, no. 4 (1996): 684c—684. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.31.4.684c.

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The productivity of marginal soils frequently found in the arid tropics might be improved by using VAM fungi as “biofertilizer” and as a tool of sustainable agricultural systems. Study of mycorrhizas of fruit trees was performed in 1987 in western Mexico. More progress has been made in resources, taxonomy, anatomy and morphology, physiology, ecology, effects, and application of mycorrhizas in fruit trees and ornamental plants production. Currently, five genera has been identified and inoculated plants showed significant difference in respect to plants not inoculated with mycorrhizal fungi. Cit

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Betty Natalie Fitriatin and Anne Nurbaity. "The effect of botanical pesticide application and mycorrhiza on colonization of mycorrhiza, soil microbial communities, growth and yield of maize on Ultisols." Open Access Research Journal of Science and Technology 11, no. 1 (2024): 086–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.53022/oarjst.2024.11.1.0067.

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An experiment to study the effect of synthetic and botanical pesticide and arbuscular mycorrhizae (AMF) on mycorrhizal colonization, population of soil microbes, growth and yield of maize on Ultisols was carried out in green house of Agriculture Faculty, Universitas Padjadjaran at Jatinangor, Sumedang District, West Java Indonesia The experiment design used was Factorial Randomized Block, consisted two factors. The first factor was pesticide consisted five levels i.e. without pesticide; neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) pesticide; Annona muricata pesticide ; furadan and regent. The second fact

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