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Bibliografias temáticas / Optical Light Microscope

Literatura científica selecionada sobre o tema "Optical Light Microscope"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 23 de junho de 2021

Última modificação: 6 de fevereiro de 2022

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Artigos de revistas sobre o assunto "Optical Light Microscope":

1

Jester, J. V., H. D. Cavanagh e M. A. Lemp. "In vivo confocal imaging of the eye using tandem scanning confocal microscopy (TSCM)". Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 46 (1988): 56–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100102365.

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New developments in optical microscopy involving confocal imaging are now becoming available which dramatically increase resolution, contrast and depth of focus by optically sectioning through structures. The transparency of the anterior ocular structures, cornea and lens, make microscopic visualization and optical sectioning of the living intact eye an interesting possibility. Of the confocal microscopes available, the Tandem Scanning Reflected Light Microscope (referred to here as the Tandem Scanning Confocal Microscope), developed by Professors Petran and Hadravsky at Charles University in Pilzen, Czechoslovakia, permits real-time image acquisition and analysis facilitating in vivo studies of ocular structures.Currently, TSCM imaging is most successful for the cornea. The corneal epithelium, stroma, and endothelium have been studied in vivo and photographed in situ. Confocal scanning images of the superficial epithelium, similar to those obtained by scanning electron microscopy, show both light and dark surface epithelial cells.

2

Martin, Paul. "Spectroscopy with a Light Optical Microscope". Microscopy Today 21, n.º 1 (21 de dezembro de 2012): 22–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1551929512001034.

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The microspectrophotometer can be described as a type of hyphenated instrument: it is a hybrid that combines the magnifying power of a light microscope with a UV-visible-NIR (ultraviolet–visible–near infrared) range spectrophotometer. These instruments are used to measure the molecular spectra from microscopic samples, from the deep ultraviolet to the near infrared region. Microspectrophotometers can be configured in many different ways and used to measure absorbance, reflectance, and even emission spectra, such as fluorescence, of sub-micron-sized sample areas. With the addition of specialized algorithms, the microspectrophotometer can also be used to measure the thickness of thin films or to act as a colorimeter for microscopic samples.

3

Johnson, W. Travis. "Advantages of Simultaneous Imaging Using an Atomic Force Microscope Integrated with an Inverted Light Microscope". Microscopy Today 19, n.º 6 (28 de outubro de 2011): 22–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1551929511001222.

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Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) permits measurements on biological samples below the limits of light microscopy resolution under physiological environments and other controlled conditions. Consequently, AFM has become an increasingly valuable technique in cell biology. One of the most exciting advances in AFM instrumentation has been its integration with the light microscope. This permits investigators to take advantage of the power and utility of light microscopy and scanning probe microscopy simultaneously. In combining a light microscope with an AFM, scanner components must be specifically designed so that they do not adversely impact the light microscope's optical imaging capabilities. For example, an AFM-ILM (inverted light microscope) hybrid system should be fully compatible with the highest quality, off-the-shelf 0.50–0.55 NA numerical aperture (NA) OEM objectives and condensers.

4

Aden, Gary. "The NSOM Technique And It's Significance". Microscopy Today 2, n.º 2 (março de 1994): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1551929500062970.

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Prior to Near-Field Scanning Optical Microscopy (NSOM) there were two major light microscopy techniques; optical and confocal.In an optical microscope a sample is illuminated with a flood of light. The lighted area is then imaged and magnified by collecting the light that is either reflected from or transmitted through the sample by a series of glass lenses. A color magnified image of the sample may be seen directly or displayed on a TV screen. Even if the lenses could be made perfectly, the resolution and magnification of an optical microscope are limited by diffraction effects to approximately one half of the wavelength of the light that is used. Optical microscopes are used routinely to image the general shape of samples as small as human chromosomes or compact disk bits.

5

Probst, W., R. Bauer, G. Benner e J. L. Lehman. "Koehler illumination advantages for imaging in TEM". Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 49 (agosto de 1991): 1010–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100089366.

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The Koehler principle of correct illumination in the light microscope was described about 100 years ago by A. Koehler. It is used in most of todays upper class light microscopes in order to achieve optimal imaging conditiones. Basically, in light microscopy (LM) and electron microscopy (EM) the same optical principles are used in order to describe or design beam paths in the different types of instruments. Mainly due to technical reasons up to now it was, however, not possible to transfer all the advantageous optical experience from LM to EM. The EM 910 from Carl Zeiss is now the first TEM providing the benefits of Koehler illumination.The Koehler principle is the most favourable design of the illumination beam path of a microscope as an imaging beam path for the source. In the first step the light source (LM) or the electron beam crossover (TEM) is imaged into the front focal plane of the condenser lens (LM) or the objective-prefield lens (TEM), respectively.

6

Meyer-Ilse, W., H. Medecki, C. Magowan, R. Balhorn, M. Moronne e D. Attwood. "Advanced microscopy—the new high-resolution zone-plate microscope at the advanced light source in Berkeley". Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 53 (13 de agosto de 1995): 112–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100136933.

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A new x-ray microscope (XM-1) has been installed at the Advanced Light Source in Berkeley. This transmission microscope uses zone-plates for a resolution exceeding visible light microscopies. Samples can be as thick as 10 microns, for wet or dry specimens. These features make x-ray microscopy a valuable complement to other advanced techniques.There are two types of x-ray microscopes, scanning and conventional (imaging) microscopes. The scanning type minimizes radiation dose to the sample and is convenient for high resolution use of fluorescent labels; however, it requires a spatially coherent x-ray source and as a result involves long exposure times. The conventional type provides a higher potential for ultimate resolution as there is no scanning stage needed, and it can operate with an incoherent light source. It therefore has a shorter exposure time, but does require a higher radiation dose due to lens inefficiencies. The new XM-1 is of the second type. Its optical layout is very similar to the Gottingen x-ray microscope operated at the BESSY facility in Berlin, Germany.

7

Inoué, Shinya. "Digitally Enhanced, Polarization-Based Microscopy: Reality and Dreams". Microscopy and Microanalysis 7, S2 (agosto de 2001): 2–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600026088.

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Polarized light microscopy is used to identify and image optically anisotropic regions of the specimen; to determine their optical character; and to explore the arrangement of the molecules, fine structure, or atomic lattices that are responsible for the anisotropy. These studies can be carried out non-destructively in real time, and reveal events or structures that lie far below the resolution limit of the light microscope, or indeed at times even the electron microscope.In biology, to study the dynamically changing, minute and weakly anisotropic domains within living cells, the polarizing microscope must be able to detect and measure birefringence retardances to a fraction of a nm, record the image with high microscopic resolution at nearvideo rate, and do so while the cell remains active.Over the years, the extinction property and imaging capability of the basic polarizing microscope have been substantially improved by advances in optical design. More recently, video and CCD imaging and digital electronic processing have further enhanced the quality of the polarizing microscope image and our ability to rapidly detect and measure weak anisotropy.

8

Wright, S. J., J. S. Walker, H. Schatten, C. Simerly, J. J. McCarthy e G. Schatten. "Confocal fluorescence microscopy with the tandem scanning light microscope". Journal of Cell Science 94, n.º 4 (1 de dezembro de 1989): 617–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.94.4.617.

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Applications of the tandem scanning confocal microscope (TSM) to fluorescence microscopy and its ability to resolve fluorescent biological structures are described. The TSM, in conjunction with a cooled charge-coupled device (cooled CCD) and conventional epifluorescence light source and filter sets, provided high-resolution, confocal data, so that different fluorescent cellular components were distinguished in three dimensions within the same cell. One of the unique features of the TSM is the ability to image fluorochromes excited by ultraviolet light (e.g. Hoechst, DAPI) in addition to fluorescein and rhodamine. Since the illumination is dim, photobleaching is insignificant and prolonged viewing of living specimens is possible. Series of optical sections taken in the Z-axis with the TSM were reproduced as stereo images and three-dimensional reconstructions. These data show that the TSM is potentially a powerful tool in fluorescence microscopy for determining three-dimensional relationships of complex structures within cells labeled with multiple fluorochromes.

9

Canals, Joan, Nil Franch, Victor Moro, Sergio Moreno, Juan Prades, Albert Romano-Rodríguez, Steffen Bornemann et al. "A Novel Approach for a Chip-Sized Scanning Optical Microscope". Micromachines 12, n.º 5 (6 de maio de 2021): 527. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi12050527.

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The recent advances in chip-size microscopy based on optical scanning with spatially resolved nano-illumination light sources are presented. This new straightforward technique takes advantage of the currently achieved miniaturization of LEDs in fully addressable arrays. These nano-LEDs are used to scan the sample with a resolution comparable to the LED sizes, giving rise to chip-sized scanning optical microscopes without mechanical parts or optical accessories. The operation principle and the potential of this new kind of microscope are analyzed through three different implementations of decreasing LED dimensions from 20 µm down to 200 nm.

10

Masters, Barry R. "Three-dimensional imaging of the living eye". Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 49 (agosto de 1991): 170–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100085150.

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The structure of the in situ rabbit cornea can be observed at high resolution and contrast with reflected light confocal microscopy. In vivo confocal images of the living cornea have been made at lower resolution and lower contrast using a SIT video camera together with a real-time Nipkow disk confocal microscope adapted for in vivo observations. This paper describes the three dimensional reconstruction of the in situ cornea from an enucleated rabbit eye with confocal reflected light microscopy and volume rendering computer techniques.A laser scanning confocal microscope (BioRad MRC 600) was used in the reflected light mode to obtain the two-dimensional image stack from the cornea of a freshly enucleated rabbit eye. The eye was maintained in a physiological state with aerated Ringer's solution. The light source was an argon ion laser with a 488 nm wavelength. The microscope objective was a Leitz X25, NA 0.6 water immersion lens. The 400 micron thick cornea was optically sectioned into 133, three micron sections. The optical sectioning was performed perpendicular to the optical axis of the eye globe.

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Teses / dissertações sobre o assunto "Optical Light Microscope":

1

Yu, Enhua. "Crossed and uncrossed retinal fibres in normal and monocular hamsters : light and electron microscopic studies /". [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1990. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13014316.

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2

Mignard-Debise, Lois. "Tools for the paraxial optical design of light field imaging systems". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0009/document.

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L'imagerie plénoptique est souvent présentée comme une révolution par rapport à l'imagerie standard. En effet, elle apporte plus de contrôle à l'utilisateur sur l'image finale puisque les dimensions spatiales et angulaires du champ de lumière offrent la possibilité de changer le point de vue ou de refaire la mise au point après coup ainsi que de calculer la carte de profondeur de la scène. Cependant, cela complique le travail du concepteur optique du système pour deux raisons. La première est qu'il existe une multitude d'appareils de capture plénoptique différents, chacun avec sa propre spécificité. La deuxième est qu'il n'existe pas de modèle qui relie le design de la caméra à ses propriétés optiques d'acquisition et qui puisse guider le concepteur dans sa tâche. Cette thèse répond à ces observations en proposant un modèle optique du premier ordre pour représenter n'importe quel appareil d'acquisition plénoptique. Ce modèle abstrait une caméra plénoptique par un réseau équivalent de caméras virtuelles existant en espace objet et qui effectue un échantillonnage identique de la scène. Ce modèle est utilisé pour étudier et comparer plusieurs caméras plénoptiques ainsi qu'un microscope plénoptique monté en laboratoire, ce qui révèle des lignes directrices pour la conception de systèmes plénoptiques. Les simulations du modèle sont aussi validées par l'expérimentation avec une caméra et le microscope plénoptique
Light field imaging is often presented as a revolution of standard imaging. Indeed, it does bring more control to the user over the final image as the spatio-angular dimensions of the light field offer the possibility to change the viewpoint and refocus after the shot and compute the scene depth map.However, it complicates the work of the optical designer of the system for two reasons. The first is that there exist a multitude of different light field acquisition devices, each with its own specific design. The second is that there is no model that relates the camera design to its optical properties of acquisition and that would guide the designer in his task. This thesis addresses these observations by proposing a first-order optical model to represent any light field acquisition device. This model abstracts a light field camera as en equivalent array of virtual cameras that exists in object space and that performs the same sampling of the scene. The model is used to study and compare several light field cameras as well as a light field microscope setup which reveals guidelines for the conception of light field optical systems. The simulations of the model are also validated through experimentation with a light field camera and a light field microscope that was constructed in our laboratory

3

于恩華 e Enhua Yu. "Crossed and uncrossed retinal fibres in normal and monocular hamsters: light and electron microscopic studies". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1990. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31232449.

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4

Santa, Nestor. "Demonstration of Optical Microscopy and Image Processing to Classify Respirable Coal Mine Dust Particles". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/103919.

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Inhalation of respirable coal mine dust (RCMD) can lead to chronic lung diseases, including coal worker’s pneumoconiosis (CWP) and more severe forms such as progressive massive fibrosis. After the Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Act was passed in 1969, limits on exposure to respirable dust were set, and the prevalence of CWP abruptly decreased. However, during the last two decades, a resurgence of the disease has been reported. Many authors have argued that the increasing numbers might be related to mining practices, including the extraction of thinner coal seams, characteristics of the mineral deposits, and more powerful cutting machines. Dust particles in coal mines are usually associated with three main sources: Coal particles are produced when the coal seam is being actively extracted. Silica and silicates are generated while cutting the rock strata surrounding the coal or during roof-bolting activities. Finally, rock dust application is the primary source of highly pure carbonates. Timely information about dust composition would allow the identification of potential dust sources and pursue efforts to control dust exposure efficiently. However, this information needs to be provided promptly since dust levels are dynamically changing through the shift. Currently, monitoring technologies such as the continuous personal dust monitor allow real-time measurements, but they are limited to total dust concentration and provide no information about dust composition. More recently, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) has been developing an end-of-shift silica monitor. Still, technologies that offer information on dust composition in a semi-continuous manner are needed. In this work, a new monitoring concept is explored that has the potential to provide near real time data on RCMD constituents. The possible use of a portable optical microscopy (OM) combined with image processing techniques is explored as the basis for a novel RCDM monitoring device. The use of OM in different fields and the rapid development of automated image analysis reveals a clear opportunity that has not been yet exploited for mine dust monitoring applications. This thesis research consisted of two primary studies. The first was an analysis of lab-generated respirable dust samples containing the main mineralogical classes in RCMD (i.e., coal, silica, kaolinite as a proxy for silicate minerals, and a real rock dust product). Samples were imaged using a polarizing microscope and analyzed using an image processing routine to identify and classify particles based on optical characteristics. Specifically, birefringence of particles was exploited to separate coal particles form mineral particles. This is an exciting result since even such a basic fractionation of RCMD would be valuable to track changing conditions at the mine production face and enable rapid decision making. The second study was conducted to explore subclassification of the mineral fraction. A model was built to explore multiple particle features, including particle size, shape, color, texture, and optical properties. However, a simple stepwise method that uses birefringence for separating coal particles first and then classifying silica particles proved most effective. One particular challenge to the silica classification was determined to be the particle loading density. Future work to further enhance the output of the algorithm and next steps were depicted. This thesis research demonstrated that OM and image processing can be used to separate mineral and coal fractions. Subclassification of silica and other minerals using optical properties such as birefringence of particles alone was successful, but showed less accuracy. A robust sampling method that accounts for particle loading density and a more complex model with additional differentiating features might enhance the results. This approach should be considered as a potential candidate for the development of new RCMD monitoring technologies. This tool could enable better tracking of dust conditions and thus better decision-making regarding ventilation, dust controls, and operator position to reduce exposure hazards.
M.S.
Inhalation of fine particles in underground coal environments can lead to chronic lung diseases, such as coal worker’s pneumoconiosis or progressive massive fibrosis (PMF), which is the most severe form of disease. During the last two decades, the rates of reported cases of PMF in underground coal miners have more than doubled. Many authors have suggested different reasons to explain this trend, including the extraction of thinner coal deposits, mining techniques, changes in mineral content, and the use of high-powered cutting equipment. However, detailed information of specific dust constituents and monitoring the variability of dust concentrations during work shifts are needed to determine possible dust sources and comprehend the more recent changing disease patterns. A dust-monitoring system that provides accurate and timely data on specific respirable coal mine dust (RCMD) constituents would enable the deployment of effective control strategies to mitigate exposure to respirable hazards. Optical microscopy (OM) has been used for a long time to analyze and identify dust particles. More recent advances in portable microscopy have allowed the microscope analysis to be implemented in the field. On the other hand, automated image processing techniques are rapidly progressing and powerful imaging hardware has become a reality in handy small devices. OM and image processing technologies offer a path for near real-time applications that have not been explored for RCMD monitoring yet. In this work, a novel monitoring concept is explored using OM and image processing to classify RCMD particles. Images from dust samples captured with a polarizing microscope were used to build a classification model based on optical properties. The method herein described showed outstanding accuracy for separating coal and mineral fractions. Additionally, the Identification of silica particles in the mineral fraction was investigated and has proved more challenging. A particular finding suggests that particle loading density in the images plays an important role in classification accuracy.

5

Yildiz, Bilge Can. "Imaging Of Metal Surfaces Using Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy". Master's thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12613641/index.pdf.

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Optical imaging techniques have improved much over the last fifty years since the invention of the laser. With a high brightness source many imaging applications which were once inaccessible to researchers have now become a reality. Among these techniques, the most beneficial one is the use of lasers for both wide-field and confocal imaging systems. The aim of this study was to design a laser imaging system based on the concept of laser scanning confocal microscopy. Specifically the optical system was based on optical fibers allowing the user to image remote areas such as the inner surface of rifled gun barrels and/or pipes with a high degree of precision (+/- 0.01 mm). In order to build such a system, initially the theoretical foundation for a confocal as well as a wide-field imaging system was analyzed. Using this basis a free-space optical confocal system was built and analyzed. The measurements support the fact that both the objective numerical aperture and pinhole size play an important role in the radial and axial resolution of the system as well as the quality of the images obtained. To begin construction of a confocal, optical-fiber based imaging system first an all fiber wide-field imaging system was designed and tested at a working wavelength of 1550 nm. Then an all fiber confocal system was designed at a working wavelength of 808 nm. In both cases results showed that while lateral resolution was adequate, axial resolution suffered since it was found that the design of the optical system needs to take into account under-filling of the objective lens, a result common with the use of laser beams whose divergence is not at all like that of a point source. The work done here will aid technology that will be used in the elimination process of faulty rifling fabrication in defense industry. The reason why the confocal technique is preferred to the conventional wide-field one is the need for better resolution in all directions. Theoretical concepts and mathematical background are discussed as well as the experimental results and the practical advantages of such a system.

6

Rothery, Alison Melinda. "Development of a novel light source for use in a scanning ion conductance-scanning near-field optical microscope (SICM-SNOM) for imaging of biological samples". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.619813.

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7

Slabá, Michala. "Teoretický popis zobrazení digitálním holografickým mikroskopem". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-229110.

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The diploma thesis deals with theory of imaging in a transmitted-light digital holographic microscope using partially coherent illumination. The influence of spatial and temporal coherence state on optical sectioning property is solved. The coherent transfer function is calculated. From this function imaging characteristics for a two-dimensional scattering object are derived depending on its defocus. Two different designs of microscopes developed in the Laboratory of optical microscopy in IPE FME BUT are considered.

8

Hekrlová, Kateřina. "Mikroskop pro vzájemné sesazování optických vláken". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-444979.

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The demountable splicing of optical fibres uses different types of connectors which ensures accurate position of connected fibres. If the optical fibres are aligned in free space, a view from two perpendicular viewing directions is necessary for a maximum aligning accuracy. The method of direct monitoring of optical fibres provides this possibility however, it is necessary to use two imaging systems. This problem can be solved by a special microscope, which is designed in this thesis. The microscope can visualize the alignment of optical fibres from two mutually perpendicular directions by moving the objective lens and inclined mirror. The diploma thesis also describes the procedure of designing an optical simulation of the connection of optical fibres. Based on it, the microscope is designed, adjusted and tested with various optical fibres.

9

Li, Xiao. "Conservative and non-conservative optical forces". HKBU Institutional Repository, 2017. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/400.

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The fact that optical force is very significant in the microscopic world and can be used to manipulate microparticles has triggered an evolution in micromanipulation, in particular, the manipulation of biological species and colloidal particles. The induced optical force can easily be more than 103 times of the particle's weight. The particle size that are accessible to optical forces ranges from tens of nanometers to hundreds of micrometers. One of the most well-known tools in optical manipulation is called optical tweezers, which is, in essence, performing optical trapping by a strongly focused light beam. The optical force induced by the incident light wave can be generally decomposed into two mathematically and physically distinct components, namely the conservative (gradient force) and non-conservative (scattering and absorption force) forces. Such a split helps in the study of optical forces and elucidates the underlying physics (e.g., the optical trapping). For example, in optical trapping, the conservative gradient force drives the particles toward the intensity maxima and traps the particles there, whereas the non-conservative scattering and absorption force tends to push the particles away and thus has some destabilizing effects. However, while a significant portion of paper dealing with optical trapping explicitly mentioned gradient and scattering forces, the true and exact force profiles of the decomposed optical forces have been mysteries for decades. Researchers still use these concepts, and to certain extent, they imagine the force profile according to their own convenience. This thesis is mainly devoted to the analytical and numerical studies of the decomposition of optical forces. The intrinsic nature of the decomposed optical forces will be discussed, and the approaches of generating a purely conservative force field are presented.. First, the analytical approaches for decomposing the optical force into the gradient force and the scattering and absorption force are described. These approaches can be applied to different particle sizes (smaller than 40% of the wavelength if the multipoles are only considered up to the electric octopole or much larger than the wavelength under the geometrical optics limit), but they still cannot describe the experimentally accessible particle size, which is on the order of micrometer. Second, within the dipole limit, the origin of scattering force is shown to be resulted from the radiation reaction, the polarizations, and the topological charges. In addition, it is found that the conservativeness of the force is closely related to the force constant matrix (the linear term in the Taylor expansion of the optical force) at every point, and certain symmetries in these force constant matrix can guarantee the force to be conservative.. A numerical method that utilizes the fast Fourier transform (FFT) was developed to decompose the conservative and non-conservative forces. This approach is valid when the total force field is spatially localized and decayed sufficiently fast as we move away from the beam center (e.g., optical tweezers or alike) or is spatially periodic (e.g. plane incident waves). We also considered spherical aberration due to the mismatch of the refractive indices between the oil and water media in a typical optical tweezers setup within the FFT method. Various particle sizes, materials, and numerical apertures were also considered. For the periodic force field generated by a collection of plane waves, it is demonstrated that an incident 2-dimensional standing wave could generate a purely conservative force field. The accuracy of this fast Fourier transform approach is analyzed in details and shown to be quite accurate. Moreover, an incident 3-dimensional standing wave could also induce a conservative force field for intermediately sized particles.. Finally, three counter-intuitive examples obtained with the fast Fourier transform approach are presented. These examples clearly demonstrated the need to calculate the gradient and scattering forces accurately, as not doing so would lead to qualitatively wrong results.

10

Škarvada, Pavel. "Lokální optické a elektrické charakteristiky optoelektronických součástek". Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-233561.

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Solar energy conversion, miniaturization of semiconductor devices and associated lifetime, reliability and efficiency of devices are the basic premise of this work. This work is focused on the study of optoelectronic devices especially solar cells and its nondestructive diagnostic. Solar cells are advantageous for study mainly because the pn junction is located near the surface and contains a lot of inhomogeneities. It has been difficult until recently to investigate their local physical (electrical and optical) parameters due to the size of inhomogeneities. Behavior of inhomogeneities can be well understood with knowledge of its local properties. Establishment of measurement workplace, that satisfies requirements for measurement of local emission and optically induced current measurement, allows us detection and localization of inhomogeneities with spatial resolution more or less 100 nm. The core of thesis is characterization of imperfection using nondestructive techniques in the macroscopic region but primarily in microscopic region using scanning probe microscopy. Integral parts of the work are characterization techniques for photoelectrical devices, microscopic techniques and data processing. Scanning near-field optical microscope is used for the purpose of microscopic characterization such as topography, local optical, photoelectrical and electrooptical properties of structures in high spatial resolution. Locally induced current technique, current voltage characteristics, emission from reversed bias pn junction measurement including its thermal dependence are used for samples investigation in macroscopical region. It is possible to localize defects and structure inhomogeneity using mentioned techniques. Localised defects are consequently analyzed for composition and measured using electron microscopy. Specific outputs of work are classification of photoelectric devices defects and specification of nondestructive characterization techniques used for defect detection. Experimental characterization techniques are described together with defects measurement procedures. The key output is the catalog of serious defects which was detected. Particular defects of samples are shown including describe of its properties and physical meaning.

Mais fontes

Livros sobre o assunto "Optical Light Microscope":

1

Gurzadi͡an, G. G. Handbook of nonlinear optical crystals. 3^a ed. Berlin: Springer, 1999.

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2

Gurzadi͡an, G. G. Handbook of nonlinear optical crystals. 2^a ed. New York: Springer, 1996.

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3

Gurzadi͡an, G. G. Handbook of nonlinear optical crystals. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1991.

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4

Gurzadi͡an, G. G. Nelineĭno opticheskie kristally: Svoĭstva i primenenie v kvantovoĭ ėlektronike. Moskva: "Radio i svi͡azʹ", 1991.

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5

Andreev, Alexander A. An introduction to hot laser plasma physics. Huntington, NY: Nova Science Publishers, 2000.

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6

Applied polymer light microscopy. London: Elsevier Applied Science, 1989.

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7

Wagner, Michael, Herbert Schneckenburger e Verena Richter. Live-Cell Optical Microscopy with Limited Light Doses. SPIE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/3.2505981.

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8

Glazov, M. M. Interaction of Spins with Light. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198807308.003.0006.

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Resumo:

This chapter presents the details of the optical manipulation of electron spin states. It also addresses manifestations of the electron and nuclear spin dynamics in optical response of semiconductor nanostructures via spin-Faraday and -Kerr effects. Coupling of spins with light provides the most efficient method of nonmagnetic spin manipulation. The main aim of this chapter is to provide the theoretical grounds for optical spin injection, ultrafast spin control, and readout of spin states by means of circularly and linearly polarized light pulses. The Faraday and Kerr effects induced by the electron and nuclear spin polarization are analyzed both by means of a macroscopic, semi-phenomenological approach and by using the microscopic quantum mechanical model. Theoretical analysis is supported by experimental data.

9

1930-, Somlyo Andrew P., e New York Academy of Sciences., eds. Recent advances in electron and light optical imaging in biology and medicine. New York, N.Y: New York Academy of Sciences, 1986.

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10

Dmitriev, V. G., G. G. Gurzadyan e D. N. Nikogosyan. Handbook of Nonlinear Optical Crystals (Springer Series in Optical Sciences, Vol 64). 2^a ed. Springer, 1997.

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Mais fontes

Capítulos de livros sobre o assunto "Optical Light Microscope":

1

Peetermans, Joyce A., Izumi Nishio e Toyoichi Tanaka. "Microscope Laser Light Scattering Spectroscopy". In New Techniques of Optical Microscopy and Microspectroscopy, 137–52. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-10802-2_5.

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2

Juszczyk, Jan. "Model of Optical Sectioning by Using Structured Light in a Conventional Microscope". In Advances in Intelligent and Soft Computing, 333–40. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-13105-9_34.

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3

James, J., e H. J. Tanke. "Special optical techniques of image formation". In Biomedical Light Microscopy, 67–101. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3778-2_4.

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4

Masters, Barry R. "Light-Sheet Fluorescence Microscopy". In Springer Series in Optical Sciences, 173–211. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-21691-7_11.

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5

Fascio, Umberto, e Anna Sartori-Rupp. "A Correlative Microscopy: A Combination of Light and Electron Microscopy". In Optical Fluorescence Microscopy, 231–38. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45849-5_14.

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6

James, J., e H. J. Tanke. "Light microscopy as an optical system, the stand and its parts". In Biomedical Light Microscopy, 1–24. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3778-2_1.

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7

Masters, Barry R. "Connections Between Light, Vision, and Microscopes". In Springer Series in Optical Sciences, 5–12. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-21691-7_1.

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8

Masters, Barry R. "Insights into the Development of Light Microscopes". In Springer Series in Optical Sciences, 41–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-21691-7_4.

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9

Pawłowska, Monika, Marzena Stefaniuk, Diana Legutko e Leszek Kaczmarek. "Light-Sheet Microscopy for Whole-Brain Imaging". In Advanced Optical Methods for Brain Imaging, 69–81. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-9020-2_3.

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10

Novotny, L., e D. W. Pohl. "Light Propagation in Scanning Near-Field Optical Microscopy". In Photons and Local Probes, 21–33. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0423-4_2.

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Trabalhos de conferências sobre o assunto "Optical Light Microscope":

1

Wang, Kai. "Adaptive optical microscope for brain imaging in vivo". In SPIE Technologies and Applications of Structured Light, editado por Toyohiko Yatagai, Yoshihisa Aizu, Osamu Matoba e Yasuhiro Awatsuji. SPIE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2274950.

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2

Lee, Junwon, Jeremy D. Rogers, Chen Liang, Rebecca R. Richards-Kortum e Michael R. Descour. "Stray-light analysis for multimodal miniature microscope". In International Symposium on Optical Science and Technology, editado por Robert E. Fischer, Warren J. Smith e R. Barry Johnson. SPIE, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.451324.

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3

Kim, Jonghyun, Youngmin Kim, Youngmo Jeong e Byoungho Lee. "A single-shot 2D/3D simultaneous imaging microscope based on light field microscopy". In Fifth Asia Pacific Optical Sensors Conference, editado por Byoungho Lee, Sang-Bae Lee e Yunjiang Rao. SPIE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2185253.

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4

Bakas, Spyridon. "Miniaturized Light-Sheet Microscope with active control of optical paths". In Virtual 12th Light Sheet Fluorescence Microscopy Conference 2020. Royal Microscopical Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22443/rms.lsfm2020.17.

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5

García-Martínez, Pascuala, José Luís Martínez e Ignacio Moreno. "On-axis programmable microscope using liquid crystal spatial light modulator". In SPIE Optical Metrology, editado por Pietro Ferraro, Simonetta Grilli, Monika Ritsch-Marte e Christoph K. Hitzenberger. SPIE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2269760.

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Loomis, John, Allan Lightman, Allen Poe e Roger Caldwell. "Automated Dimensional Analysis Using A Light-Sectioning Microscope". In OPTCON '88 Conferences--Applications of Optical Engineering, editado por Thomas C. Bristow e Alson E. Hatheway. SPIE, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.950976.

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Dai, Xiang, Pavan Chandra Konda, Shiqi Xu e Roarke Horstmeyer. "Polarization and phase imaging using an LED array microscope". In Polarized light and Optical Angular Momentum for biomedical diagnostics, editado por Jessica C. Ramella-Roman, Hui Ma, I. Alex Vitkin, Daniel S. Elson e Tatiana Novikova. SPIE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2577344.

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Ma, Xiaohui, Zi Wang, Fenghua Ma, Ming Hai e An-Ting Wang. "Laser speckle contrast imaging using light field microscope approach". In International Conference on Optical Instruments and Technology 2017: Optical Systems and Modern Optoelectronic Instruments, editado por Liquan Dong, Yongtian Wang, Baohua Jia e Kimio Tatsuno. SPIE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2293459.

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Tanaka, Atsushi, Shunta Harada, Kenji Hanada, Yoshio Honda, Toru Ujihara e Hiroshi Amano. "Detection and classification of dislocations in GaN by optical microscope using birefringence". In Light-Emitting Devices, Materials, and Applications XXV, editado por Martin Strassburg, Jong Kyu Kim e Michael R. Krames. SPIE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2577164.

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Lošťák, Martin, Pavel Kolman, Zbyněk Doštál e Radim Chmelík. "Diffuse light imaging with a coherence controlled holographic microscope". In 17th Slovak-Czech-Polish Optical Conference on Wave and Quantum Aspects of Contemporary Optics. SPIE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.882198.

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