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Literatura científica selecionada sobre o tema "Optisk mätning"
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Teses / dissertações sobre o assunto "Optisk mätning"
Svahn, Victor, e Andreas Johansson. "System för optisk mätning av linjeprofil". Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för informationsteknologi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-44822.
Texto completo da fonteDagens industri rör sig mot en fjärde revolution som bygger på digitaliserande teknologier för att minska fel och effektivisera processer. Vid tillverkning av hydraulik ochandra trycksatta system så pressas kopplingar på rör och slangar som måste kunnahålla ett förväntat tryck. Om en sådan koppling inte har pressats fast korrekt såfinns det risk för läckage. Detta kan ge förödande konsekvenser genom att en vätskaförorenar omgivningen, inandning av giftig gas, ett viktigt arbete stannar av, elleratt en pilot tappar kontrollen över ett flygplan. Lantz Measuring AB vill därför utveckla ett system som effektivt ska kunna säkerställa att dessa kopplingar har rätt form kring hela kopplingen med en noggrannhetpå 0,1 mm. Med denna information ska tillverkaren kunna säkerställa att en koppling är korrekt pressad. I detta arbete har en prototyp för ett sådant system utvecklats som bidrag tillen produkt som ska uppfylla Lantz Measurings krav på noggrannhet, hållbarhet,och kostnadseffektivitet. Systemet baseras på optisk triangulering, vilket innebäratt beräkna linjeprofilen via brytningen av linjelasrar mot kopplingen med hjälpav bildsensorer. Styrning och processing sker med en FPGA och tillhörande kringutrustning. Prototypen påvisar att kravet på riktighet i mätvärdet är uppfyllt, men att det finnsutrymme till förbättrad precision. Felkällor samt metoder som bidrar till förbättratresultat presenteras. Arbetet beskriver utvecklingen av systemet, test av precision,samt analys av resultat.
Vestner, Robin. "Optisk mätning av koncentrerade paraboliska solfångare : Kvalitetssäkring av den geometriska formen på tråget". Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för tillämpad fysik och elektronik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-148991.
Texto completo da fonteAbsolicon Solar Collector AB has started to investigate the possibility to implement a quickquality insurance for concentrating parabolic solar collectors to their new power train. This will be done by calculating the geometrical shape on the trough by letting cameras move over the through and detect the edges on the reflected receiver pipe. Measure data will be sent to a central computer through Message Queuing Telemetry Transport(MQTT) that handles the calculation of the troughs geometrical shape. The project has been named ARGQOS and is an acronym for Absolicon Robotized GeometricalQuantification Ocular System. In the project eight identical camera houses should be designed, constructed and tested where the camera and the computer would be mounted. LED-lights should also be located on top of the camera house to communicate the operational status of the unit to the operator. The software also had to be developed for edge recognition algorithms, communication to the system central computer over MQTT, where measure data and other important information will be send. Tests has been made to determine the function of the camera house where the first test consisted of the evaluation of the hardware of the camera house for industrial usage. The second test that was made was the evaluation of the software and a test scheme was established to mimic a real measurement on a concentrated parabolic solar collector. Even the communication with the central computer trough MQTT was tested. In the third test a measurement was done to a real concentrating parabolic solar collector to see how well the reflected edges could be detected. Also the status of the solar collector by calculating if the detected points hit the receiver pipe or not. The fourth and final test that was made was to validate the method by first measure a defect parabolic solar collector with a laser to where the laser hit and missed the receiver pipe and then measure the same solar collector with the system ARGQOS and compare the results. The tests show that the camera houses have the intended function for industrial usage and that the program is working well and is stable with only a few minor bugs. Measurements on parabolic solar collectors can be done repeatedly without any problems. The cameras could detect the reflected edges on almost the whole trough with only a few problem areas. It also displayed that the measurement was sensitive to outer disturbances that was reflected in the trough and the system was sensitive to the ambient light. In the validation test the comparison between the measurement between the system and the laser displayed the same result. More tests need to be performed to be sure that the validation holds.
Amiri, Fatemeh, e Sara Nouiser. "Optisk metod för glukosmätning : En studie för framtida icke-invasiva blodglukosmätningar". Thesis, KTH, Medicinteknik och hälsosystem, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-235228.
Texto completo da fonteToday there are currently living around 365 000 people with diabetes in Sweden. Measuring of blood sugar can be experienced as painful and difficult with blood glucose monitoring devices found in the market. Using lancets and test strip makes direct contact with blood which increases the risk of infection. To reduce these risks and difficulties a non-invasive method is required. This method can even provide an opportunity for healthy individuals to monitor their blood glucose and prevent the disease.This thesis presents the disease, sequelae and the problem around blood glucose monitoring. The work is based on an earlier study about optic measurement of glucose. By illumine a solution of saline and glucose, with infrared-light from a LED, absorption is carried out by the glucose. The amount of transmitted light is detected and processed by a photodetector which generates a current that is converted to a voltage and amplified. This report examines a modification of the circuit used in the previous study to establish a correlation between the glucose concentration and the output voltage by adding a transimpedance amplifier around the photodetector.The results corroborate that the modification with the transimpedance gives a better correlation between the measured output voltage and glucose concentration. The measurements were compiled and plotted to compare which circuit gave a better correlation between the measured output voltage and glucose concentration. The study showed that the modification with transimpedance amplifier gives a better correlation, though it is not enough for clinical use.
Borghäll, David, e Mathilda Lundström. "Utveckling av handhållen prototyp för mätning av EKG och fingerpuls". Thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemi, bioteknologi och hälsa (CBH), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-258820.
Texto completo da fonteThis report represents a bachelor thesis at the Royal Institute of Technology, where the goal was to create a handheld prototype. The functions of the prototype were measuring pulse in a finger using the optical sensor TCRT1010 and electrocardiogram(ECG) with bipolar limb-lead. In this thesis, the focus was put on trying to develop a user-friendly and cost-effective prototype for use in developing countries, that can be found in Africa and Asia. The reason is because there's a lack of cheap and easy to use medical equipment in those areas. The work was performed by developing two circuits, given by our employer, that was designed on a circuitboard and constructed by a Swedish circuitboard constructor. All components were soldered on the circuitboard and was mounted in a box with socket and batteries. The finished prototype consists of a plastic box containing one circuitboard with the function to measure either the puls of a finger or ECG, which the user can choose between using a switch. The prototype is also equipped with a removable lid, two BNC plugs for connecting an oscilloskope, one for each ciruit, three sockets for the limb lead for the ECG and finally a 4-pole socket for the optical sensor. The signals acquired are not free of noise but contains the most important parameters of the two signals for guidance if further medical diagnostic is needed. The prototypes final cost was 1815,5 SEK, which was not considered achieving the goal for cost-efficiency, was still believed to be useful in developing countries because of its simpel design with removable lid and easily to change batteries. It's equipped with only one switch and the compact size makes it easy to handle. The signal processing is tested to give a clear signal which enables the health professionals to identify if further diagnostics are needed. Several improvements was identified for future work, such as to reduce the cost by buying cheaper components or buying the circuitboard in greater numbers, making a wireless connection to the measuring equipment or further reducing the noise.
Andersson, Sebastian. "Lipemi-interferens vid mätning av Hb på Sysmex XN-10 och HemoCue Hb 201+". Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Fakulteten för naturvetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-19225.
Texto completo da fonteAnemia can arise from either loss of erythrocytes or impaired production of new erythrocytes. In order to discover and evaluate the treatment of anemic patients, correct Hb measurements are important. A common method to measure Hb concentration is photometry in combination with chemical conversion of the Hb. Like all light-dependent methods this suffers from a vulnerability to turbidity that scatters light. Lipemia is a common cause of turbidity caused by e.g. recent intake of high fat foods, diabetes mellitus, liver or kidney disease, alcoholism and some drugs. Manufacturers of Hb analyzers use different methods to counter the influence of interference from lipemia on measurements. Sysmex XN-10 analyzers use a fat dissolving sheath fluid in its photometric channel (HGB) and HemoCue measures absorbance at a second wavelength to compensate for turbidity. Sysmex XN-10 also has an optic channel (HGB-O) for counting reticulocytes by measuring their nucleic acid and Hb content. At the same time this channel measures Hb equivalents of erythrocytes and gives a calculated value of Hb content in the entire sample. The aim of this study was to compare the photometric and the optical channels for measuring Hb concentration in whole blood. Both the Sysmex XN-10 channels were compared with HemoCue Hb 201+ when measuring Hb concentrations in lipemic samples. Plasma Hb concentration was determined for the corresponding samples in order to investigate correlation between elevation in Hb concentration with and without simulated lipemia and in the plasma after centrifugation. Samples analyzed at Skånes University Hospital in Lund during the month of November 2018 (n = 392) using both HGB and HGB-O on XN-10 were compared using Spearman's signed correlations coefficient. Lipemia was simulated by using the fat emulsion Intralipid in a total of 32 samples. Samples collected and analyzed on the previous day was used for the study. Each sample was split into one part with added Intralipid to form a lipemic sample and one part with NaCl-solution of the same volume as Intralipid in the lipemic sample. The differences between lipemic and non lipemic samples was tested for significance by the non-parametric Wilcoxons signed ranks test for each of the methods. Significance between the three methods was tested by using Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn's tests. Level of significance was set to p < 0.05. The results showed good correlation between earlier test run on both HGB and HGB-O with a Spearman correlation score of 0,982. A significant difference was found between lipemic and non lipemic samples with the photometric method (p < 0,001) but not the optical method (p = 0,11) on XN10. HemoCue Hb 201+ also showed a significant difference (p < 0,001) between lipemic and non lipemic samples but a lower median than HGB and less deviation than HGB-O. The median of HGB-O indicated that it was influenced the least by lipemia of the three methods but had the greatest deviation of the differences. The greater deviation of HGB-O values may have been caused by hemolysis since the method measures intra cellular Hb. HemoCue shows according to this study the slightest deviation of the three methods and a less heightened median value compared to HGB which confirms the methods suitability as complement to HGB when dealing with lipemic samples.
Fournstedt, Daniel. "Jämförelse mellan Scheimpflug imaging och anterior segment OCT i mätning av Corneal tjocklek". Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för medicin och optometri (MEO), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-44694.
Texto completo da fonteBjörk, Anders. "Chemometric and signal processing methods for real time monitoring and modeling : applications in the pulp and paper industry". Doctoral thesis, KTH, Kemi, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4383.
Texto completo da fonteVid framställning av pappersprodukter är kvaliteten på massan en viktig faktor för produktiviteten och kvalitén på slutresultatet. Det är därför viktigt att ha tillgång till tillförlitliga mätningar av massakvalitet i realtid. En möjlighet är att använda akustik- eller vibrationssensorer i lämpliga positioner vid enhetsoperationer i massaprocessen. Selektiviteten hos dessa mätningar är emellertid relativt låg i synnerhet om mätningarna är passiva. Därför krävs avancerad signalbehandling och multivariat kalibrering. Det nu presenterade arbetet har varit fokuserat på kalibreringsmetoder för extraktion av information ur akustiska mätningar samt på algoritmer för signalbehandling som kan ge förbättrad informationsselektivitet. Multivariata metoder som Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Partial Least Squares (PLS) and Orthogonal Signal Correction (OSC) har använts för visualisering och kalibrering. Signalbehandlingsmetoderna Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), Fast Wavelet Transform (FWT) och Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) har använts i utvecklingen av nydanande metoder för signalbehandling anpassade till att extrahera information ur signaler från vibrations/akustiska sensorer. En kombination av OSC och PLS applicerade på FFT-spektra från raffineringen i en Termo Mechnaical Pulping (TMP) process ger lägre prediktionsfel för Canadian Standard Freeness (CSF) än enbart PLS. Kombinationen av FFT och PLS har vidare använts för monitorering av malning av sulfatmassa och monitorering av silning. Ordinära FFT-spektra av t.ex. vibrationssignaler är delvis överlappande. För att komma runt detta har två signalbehandlingsmetoder utvecklats, Wavelet Transform Multi Resolution Spectra (WT-MRS) baserat på kombinationen av FWT och FFT samt Continuous Wavelet Transform Fibre Length Extraction (CWT-FLE) baserat på CWT. Tillämpning av WT-MRS gav enklare PLS-modeller med lägre prediktionsfel för CSF jämfört med att använda normala FFT-spektra. I en annan tillämpning på en massaström med relativt hög koncentration (Medium Consistency, MC) kunde prediktioner för CSF samt ljushet erhållas med prediktionsfel jämförbart med referensmetodernas fel. Metoden CWT-FLE validerades mot en kommersiell fiberlängdsmätare med god överensstämmelse. CWT-FLE-kurvorna skulle därför kunna användas i stället för andra fiberdistributionskurvor för processtyrning. Vidare användes CWT-FLE kurvor för PLS modellering av dragstyrka samt optiska egenskaper med goda resultat. Utöver de nämnda resultaten har en omfattande litteratursammanställning gjorts över området och relaterade applikationer.
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