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Holbrook, Jack. "A CONTEXT-BASED APPROACH TO SCIENCE TEACHING". Journal of Baltic Science Education 13, n.º 2 (25 de abril de 2014): 152–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/jbse/14.13.152.
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It has been traditional to educate students in school, especially secondary schools, through subject domains and within lessons named according to the domain. Today in most countries, science lessons are offered in the curriculum, specified as science, or one of its sub-components e.g. biology, chemistry, physics, or perhaps a combination of these e.g. physical science. It does not have to be this way, of course, as can be amplified by the concept of an integrated day, implemented at the primary level in a number of countries.
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Ayadi, Mariem, Rayda Ben Ayed, Rim Mzid, Sami Aifa e Mohsen Hanana. "Computational Approach for Structural Feature Determination of Grapevine NHX Antiporters". BioMed Research International 2019 (9 de janeiro de 2019): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/1031839.
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Plant NHX antiporters are responsible for monovalent cation/H+ exchange across cellular membranes and play therefore a critical role for cellular pH regulation, Na+ and K+ homeostasis, and salt tolerance. Six members of grapevine NHX family (VvNHX1-6) have been structurally characterized. Phylogenetic analysis revealed their organization in two groups: VvNHX1-5 belonging to group I (vacuolar) and VvNHX6 belonging to group II (endosomal). Conserved domain analysis of these VvNHXs indicates the presence of different kinds of domains. Out of these, two domains function as monovalent cation-proton antiporters and one as the aspartate-alanine exchange; the remaining are not yet with defined function. Overall, VvNHXs proteins are typically made of 11-13 putative transmembrane regions at their N-terminus which contain the consensus amiloride-binding domain in the 3rd TM domain and a cation-binding site in between the 5th and 6th TM domain, followed by a hydrophilic C-terminus that is the target of several and diverse regulatory posttranslational modifications. Using a combination of primary structure analysis, secondary structure alignments, and the tertiary structural models, the VvNHXs revealed mainly 18 α helices although without β sheets. Homology modeling of the 3D structure showed that VvNHX antiporters are similar to the bacterial sodium proton antiporters MjNhaP1 (Methanocaldococcus jannaschii) and PaNhaP (Pyrococcus abyssi).
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Qiao, Yanru, e Yang Xiao. "A Spatial Coding Approach for MIMO Cognitive Radio Networks’ Bandwidth Sharing". WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON SIGNAL PROCESSING 17 (31 de dezembro de 2021): 123–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.37394/232014.2021.17.17.
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The existing cognitive network can’t work together with licensed (primary) users’ network at the same frequency-time domain, and secondary users (SUs) of cognitive network only wait the frequency band occupied by primary users (PUs) to be free. To solve the problem, this paper proposed a spatial coding approach for MIMO cognitive network, where a MIMO base-station with six antennas provides three different spatial codes for three users such as one PU and two SUs, then the SUs can share the bandwidth of PUs. The spatial codes’ design for encoding and decoding vectors is provided. Simulation results verify the proposed approach.
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Ramello, Maria C., Ismahène Benzaïd, Brent M. Kuenzi, Maritza Lienlaf-Moreno, Wendy M. Kandell, Daniel N. Santiago, Mibel Pabón-Saldaña et al. "An immunoproteomic approach to characterize the CAR interactome and signalosome". Science Signaling 12, n.º 568 (12 de fevereiro de 2019): eaap9777. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/scisignal.aap9777.
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Adoptive transfer of T cells that express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) is an approved immunotherapy that may be curative for some hematological cancers. To better understand the therapeutic mechanism of action, we systematically analyzed CAR signaling in human primary T cells by mass spectrometry. When we compared the interactomes and the signaling pathways activated by distinct CAR-T cells that shared the same antigen-binding domain but differed in their intracellular domains and their in vivo antitumor efficacy, we found that only second-generation CARs induced the expression of a constitutively phosphorylated form of CD3ζ that resembled the endogenous species. This phenomenon was independent of the choice of costimulatory domains, or the hinge/transmembrane region. Rather, it was dependent on the size of the intracellular domains. Moreover, the second-generation design was also associated with stronger phosphorylation of downstream secondary messengers, as evidenced by global phosphoproteome analysis. These results suggest that second-generation CARs can activate additional sources of CD3ζ signaling, and this may contribute to more intense signaling and superior antitumor efficacy that they display compared to third-generation CARs. Moreover, our results provide a deeper understanding of how CARs interact physically and/or functionally with endogenous T cell molecules, which will inform the development of novel optimized immune receptors.
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Tran, Van C., Corina Graif, Alison D. Jones, Mario L. Small e Christopher Winship. "Participation in Context: Neighborhood Diversity and Organizational Involvement in Boston". City & Community 12, n.º 3 (setembro de 2013): 187–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cico.12028.
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We use unique data from the Boston Non–Profit Organizations Study, an innovative survey containing rich information on organizational participation across seven social domains in two Boston neighborhoods, to examine the relationship between ethnic diversity and participation in local organizations. In particular, we identify neighborhood–based social ties as a key mechanism mediating the initial negative association between diversity and participation. In contrast to previous work, we measure participation using both the domain–based and group–based approach, with the former approach uncovering a wider range of organizational connections that are often missed in the latter approach. We also investigate the relationship between interpersonal ties and organizational ties, documenting how primary involvement with an organization facilitates the development of further interpersonal ties and secondary forms of organizational involvement. We then discuss implications of our findings for urban poverty research.
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Mao, Deqiang, e André Revil. "Induced polarization response of porous media with metallic particles — Part 3: A new approach to time-domain induced polarization tomography". GEOPHYSICS 81, n.º 4 (julho de 2016): D345—D357. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2015-0283.1.
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The secondary voltage associated with time-domain induced polarization data of disseminated metallic particles (such as pyrite and magnetite) in a porous material can be treated as a transient self-potential problem. This self-potential field is associated with the generation of a secondary-source current density. This source current density is proportional to the gradient of the chemical potentials of the [Formula: see text]- and [Formula: see text]-charge carriers in the metallic particles or ionic charge carriers in the pore water including in the electrical double layer coating the surface of the metallic grains. This new way to treat the secondary voltages offers two advantages with respect to the classical approach. The first is a gain in terms of acquisition time. Indeed, the target can be illuminated with a few primary current sources, all the other electrodes being used simultaneously to record the secondary voltage distribution. The second advantage is with respect to the inversion of the obtained data. Indeed, the secondary (source) current is linearly related to the secondary voltage. Therefore, the inverse problem of inverting the secondary voltages is linear with respect to the source current density, and the inversion can be done in a single iteration. Several iterations are, however, required to compact the source current density distribution, still obtaining a tomogram much faster than inverting the apparent chargeability data using the classical Gauss-Newton approach. We have performed a sandbox experiment with pyrite grains locally mixed to sand at a specific location in the sandbox to demonstrate these new concepts. A method initially developed for self-potential tomography is applied to the inversion of the secondary voltages in terms of source current distribution. The final result compares favorably with the classical inversion of the time-domain induced polarization data in terms of chargeability, but it is much faster to perform.
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Hu, Chien-An, Chia-Ming Chen, Yen-Chun Fang, Shinn-Jye Liang, Hao-Chien Wang, Wen-Feng Fang, Chau-Chyun Sheu et al. "Using a machine learning approach to predict mortality in critically ill influenza patients: a cross-sectional retrospective multicentre study in Taiwan". BMJ Open 10, n.º 2 (fevereiro de 2020): e033898. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-033898.
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ObjectivesCurrent mortality prediction models used in the intensive care unit (ICU) have a limited role for specific diseases such as influenza, and we aimed to establish an explainable machine learning (ML) model for predicting mortality in critically ill influenza patients using a real-world severe influenza data set.Study designA cross-sectional retrospective multicentre study in TaiwanSettingEight medical centres in Taiwan.ParticipantsA total of 336 patients requiring ICU-admission for virology-proven influenza at eight hospitals during an influenza epidemic between October 2015 and March 2016.Primary and secondary outcome measuresWe employed extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) to establish the prediction model, compared the performance with logistic regression (LR) and random forest (RF), demonstrated the feature importance categorised by clinical domains, and used SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) for visualised interpretation.ResultsThe data set contained 76 features of the 336 patients with severe influenza. The severity was apparently high, as shown by the high Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score (22, 17 to 29) and pneumonia severity index score (118, 88 to 151). XGBoost model (area under the curve (AUC): 0.842; 95% CI 0.749 to 0.928) outperformed RF (AUC: 0.809; 95% CI 0.629 to 0.891) and LR (AUC: 0.701; 95% CI 0.573 to 0.825) for predicting 30-day mortality. To give clinicians an intuitive understanding of feature exploitation, we stratified features by the clinical domain. The cumulative feature importance in the fluid balance domain, ventilation domain, laboratory data domain, demographic and symptom domain, management domain and severity score domain was 0.253, 0.113, 0.177, 0.140, 0.152 and 0.165, respectively. We further used SHAP plots to illustrate associations between features and 30-day mortality in critically ill influenza patients.ConclusionsWe used a real-world data set and applied an ML approach, mainly XGBoost, to establish a practical and explainable mortality prediction model in critically ill influenza patients.
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Ghosh, Bikramaditya, e Emira Kozarević. "Identifying explosive behavioral trace in the CNX Nifty Index: a quantum finance approach". Investment Management and Financial Innovations 15, n.º 1 (3 de março de 2018): 208–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/imfi.15(1).2018.18.
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The financial markets are found to be finite Hilbert space, inside which the stocks are displaying their wave-particle duality. The Reynolds number, an age old fluid mechanics theory, has been redefined in investment finance domain to identify possible explosive moments in the stock exchange. CNX Nifty Index, a known index on the National Stock Exchange of India Ltd., has been put to the test under this situation. The Reynolds number (its financial version) has been predicted, as well as connected with plausible behavioral rationale. While predicting, both econometric and machine-learning approaches have been put into use. The primary objective of this paper is to set up an efficient econophysics’ proxy for stock exchange explosion. The secondary objective of the paper is to predict the Reynolds number for the future. Last but not least, this paper aims to trace back the behavioral links as well.
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Alvarado, Carlos, Erik Stahl, Karissa Koessel, Andrew Rivera, Brian R. Cherry, Surya V. S. R. K. Pulavarti, Thomas Szyperski, William Cance e Timothy Marlowe. "Development of a Fragment-Based Screening Assay for the Focal Adhesion Targeting Domain Using SPR and NMR". Molecules 24, n.º 18 (14 de setembro de 2019): 3352. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24183352.
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The Focal Adhesion Targeting (FAT) domain of Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) is a promising drug target since FAK is overexpressed in many malignancies and promotes cancer cell metastasis. The FAT domain serves as a scaffolding protein, and its interaction with the protein paxillin localizes FAK to focal adhesions. Various studies have highlighted the importance of FAT-paxillin binding in tumor growth, cell invasion, and metastasis. Targeting this interaction through high-throughput screening (HTS) provides a challenge due to the large and complex binding interface. In this report, we describe a novel approach to targeting FAT through fragment-based drug discovery (FBDD). We developed two fragment-based screening assays—a primary SPR assay and a secondary heteronuclear single quantum coherence nuclear magnetic resonance (HSQC-NMR) assay. For SPR, we designed an AviTag construct, optimized SPR buffer conditions, and created mutant controls. For NMR, resonance backbone assignments of the human FAT domain were obtained for the HSQC assay. A 189-compound fragment library from Enamine was screened through our primary SPR assay to demonstrate the feasibility of a FAT-FBDD pipeline, with 19 initial hit compounds. A final total of 11 validated hits were identified after secondary screening on NMR. This screening pipeline is the first FBDD screen of the FAT domain reported and represents a valid method for further drug discovery efforts on this difficult target.
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Huang, Xin, Changchun Yin, Colin G. Farquharson, Xiaoyue Cao, Bo Zhang, Wei Huang e Jing Cai. "Spectral-element method with arbitrary hexahedron meshes for time-domain 3D airborne electromagnetic forward modeling". GEOPHYSICS 84, n.º 1 (1 de janeiro de 2019): E37—E46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2018-0231.1.
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Mainstream numerical methods for 3D time-domain airborne electromagnetic (AEM) modeling, such as the finite-difference (FDTD) or finite-element (FETD) methods, are quite mature. However, these methods have limitations in terms of their ability to handle complex geologic structures and their dependence on quality meshing of the earth model. We have developed a time-domain spectral-element (SETD) method based on the mixed-order spectral-element (SE) approach for space discretization and the backward Euler (BE) approach for time discretization. The mixed-order SE approach can contribute an accurate result by increasing the order of polynomials and suppress spurious solutions. The BE method is an unconditionally stable technique without limitations on time steps. To deal with the rapid variation of the fields close to the AEM transmitting loop, we separate a secondary field from the primary field and simulate the secondary field only, for which the primary field is calculated in advance. To obtain a block diagonal mass matrix and hence minimize the number of nonzero elements in the system of equations to be solved, we apply Gauss-Lobatto-Legendre integral techniques of reduced order. A direct solver is then adopted for the system of equations, which allows for efficient treatment of the multiple AEM sources. To check the accuracy of our SETD algorithm, we compare our results with the semianalytical solution for a layered earth model. Then, we analyze the modeling accuracy and efficiency for different 3D models using deformed physical meshes and compare them against results from 3D FETD codes, to further show the flexibility of SETD for AEM forward modeling.
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da Silva, Nuno Vieira, Joanna V. Morgan, Lucy MacGregor e Mike Warner. "A finite element multifrontal method for 3D CSEM modeling in the frequency domain". GEOPHYSICS 77, n.º 2 (março de 2012): E101—E115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2010-0398.1.
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There has been a recent increase in the use of controlled-source electromagnetic (CSEM) surveys in the exploration for oil and gas. We developed a modeling scheme for 3D CSEM modeling in the frequency domain. The electric field was decomposed in primary and secondary components to eliminate the singularity originated by the source term. The primary field was calculated using a closed form solution, and the secondary field was computed discretizing a second-order partial differential equation for the electric field with the edge finite element. The solution to the linear system of equations was obtained using a massive parallel multifrontal solver, because such solvers are robust for indefinite and ill-conditioned linear systems. Recent trends in parallel computing were investigated for their use in mitigating the computational overburden associated with the use of a direct solver, and of its feasibility for 3D CSEM forward modeling with the edge finite element. The computation of the primary field was parallelized, over the computational domain and the number of sources, using a hybrid model of parallelism. When using a direct solver, the attainment of multisource solutions was only competitive if the same factors are used to achieve a solution for multi right-hand sides. This aspect was also investigated using the presented methodology. We tested our proposed approach using 1D and 3D synthetic models, and they demonstrated that it is robust and suitable for 3D CSEM modeling using a distributed memory system. The codes could thus be used to help design new surveys, as well to estimate subsurface conductivities through the implementation of an appropriate inversion scheme.
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Elías, Matías W., Fabio I. Zyserman, Marina Rosas-Carbajal e María Constanza Manassero. "Three-dimensional modelling of controlled source electro-magnetic surveys using non-conforming finite element methods". Geophysical Journal International 229, n.º 2 (28 de dezembro de 2021): 1133–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggab524.
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SUMMARY The controlled source electro-magnetic (CSEM) method is increasingly used for in-land and off-shore subsurface characterization. Given its complex dependence between data and the parameters of interest, there is a crucial need for performant numerical algorithms that can simulate the CSEM response of 3-D geological structures. Here, we present two finite element (FE) algorithms for simulating the CSEM response in 3-D media with isotropic conductivity. A primary/secondary field approach is used to avoid the singularity introduced by the source. The primary field is computed semi-analytically for a horizontally layered model and different sources. The secondary field is obtained by discretizing the diffusive frequency-domain Maxwell’s equations with non-conforming FE. The two numerical algorithms are specifically designed to work on distributed-memory computers: (1) an iterative procedure with domain decomposition and (2) a direct and global algorithm. We evaluate their performance by computing their speed up on parallel processors, and solving problems with realistic conductivity structures. We also compare the accuracy of the solutions with published results on canonical models. The results shown here demonstrate the functionality of the two methodologies presented for specific cases when computing 3-D CSEM solutions.
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Huynh, Chau Minh, Vu Dinh Thien Vo, Nguyen Thao Nguyen e Mai Anh Nguyen. "Primary and secondary amine material based on crosslinked polystyrene: synthesis and initial application for multiresidue pesticides analysis". Science and Technology Development Journal - Natural Sciences 2, n.º 2 (16 de maio de 2019): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdjns.v2i2.733.
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Weak anion exchange sorbent based on cross-linked polystyrene with primary secondary amine group was prepared by substitution nucleophilic reaction (SN2) between methylene chloride group and 1,2-ethylene diamine. The effect of factors, namely the weight ratio of amine over methylene chloride, reaction time and temperature on nitrogen percentage were studied using experimental design approach. The amination yield rose as all of factors increased but was reduced while both temperature and time increased simultaneously. Nitrogen percentage of the products were varied from 4.0% to 6.3%. Sorbents with predicted capacity of 4.5%, 5.0%, 6.3%, and 6.5% were synthesized. The results showed that the actual capacities of the products were close to the predictions, especially for those in the experimental domain, indicating a good model that can be used to prepare sorbents of any desired capacity. The sorbent application ability of multiresidue pesticides analysis in food were initially investigated through both aspects: interference elimination and analyte content conservation.
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Hsiao, Yu-Ting, Yu-Ting Huang, Hun-Ju Yu, Po-Chiung Fang e Ming-Tse Kuo. "Tear Proteomics Approach to Distinguishing Primary from Secondary Sjögren’s Syndrome for Dry Eye Patients with Long-Term Instillation of Eyedrops". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, n.º 23 (3 de dezembro de 2022): 15239. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232315239.
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The diagnosis and monitoring of Sjögren syndrome (SS) is often difficult, requiring a multidisciplinary approach with invasive procedures. Our aim is to elucidate the tear protein alterations of dry eye disease (DED) with primary SS (pSS) and secondary SS (sSS) with the long-term instillation of eyedrops. We collected clinical demographics and tear fluid (TF) samples from DED patients with no autoimmune diseases (non-SS-DED), pSS-DED, and sSS-DED patients, followed by TF screening with tandem mass tagging-labeling gel-free proteomics assay. Bioinformatic analysis via Ingenuity Pathway Analysis was used to identify functional pathways and interacting networks. Validation of candidate proteins with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay on the tear samples was done. The top functional pathways of the two comparisons (sSS-DED vs. pSS-DED and sSS-DED vs. non-SS-DED) were both associated with inflammation and stress-related signaling. After constructing an interaction network model with the selected candidate proteins, five proteins were identified. A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 10 (ADAM10) was found to be an important candidate biomarker in all groups, followed by epidermal growth factor (EGF) in TF. This study revealed novel DED markers, ADAM10 and EGF, in differentiating between primary and secondary SS patients from tears by in-depth proteomic analysis.
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Maltais, François, Jean Bourbeau, Yves Lacasse, Stan Shapiro, Hélène Perrault, John R. Penrod, Marc Baltzan et al. "A Canadian, Multicentre, Randomized Clinical Trial of Home-Based Pulmonary Rehabilitation in Copd: Rationale and Methods". Canadian Respiratory Journal 12, n.º 4 (2005): 193–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2005/606378.
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BACKGROUND: Pulmonary rehabilitation remains largely underused. Self-monitored, home-based rehabilitation is a promising approach to improving the availability of pulmonary rehabilitation.OBJECTIVE: To report the rationale and methods of a trial comparing the effectiveness of self-monitored, home-based rehabilitation with hospital-based, outpatient rehabilitation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).STUDY DESIGN: A parallel-group, randomized, noninferiority, multicentre trial will be performed with 240 patients with moderate to severe COPD.INTERVENTION: Patients will be randomly assigned to conventional, supervised, hospital-based outpatient rehabilitation or self-monitored, home-based rehabilitation. Both interventions will include a standardized, comprehensive self-management program, in addition to the hospital-based outpatient or home-based exercise program. After the three-month intervention, patients in both groups will be encouraged to continue exercising at home. Patients will be assessed monthy with telephone interviews and in person at enrollment, three months and 12 months.OUTCOMES: The dyspnea domain of the Chronic Respiratory Questionnaire (CRQ) at 12 months is the primary outcome variable. Secondary outcome variables include total and domain-specific CRQ scores; exercise tolerance and activity of daily living; health service use over the one-year study period; and direct and indirect costs of COPD treatment.ANALYSIS: An intent-to-treat approach will be used as the primary analysis. The primary analysis will focus on the change in the CRQ dyspnea score using a two-sided t distribution based on 95% CIs. The same approach will be used for secondary continuous outcome variables.CONCLUSION: The present trial will address two unresolved issues in pulmonary rehabilitation for patients with COPD: the short-term and long-term effectiveness of home-based pulmonary rehabilitation strategies. The authors will also determine if home-based pulmonary rehabilitation can reduce health service use (eg, hospitalizations and emergency visits) and if it can be done at a lower cost than the traditional hospital-based outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation.
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Groot, Koen J., Jacopo Serpieri, Fabio Pinna e Marios Kotsonis. "Secondary crossflow instability through global analysis of measured base flows". Journal of Fluid Mechanics 846 (9 de maio de 2018): 605–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2018.253.
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A combined experimental and numerical approach to the analysis of the secondary stability of realistic swept-wing boundary layers is presented. Global linear stability theory is applied to experimentally measured base flows. These base flows are three-dimensional laminar boundary layers subject to spanwise distortion due to the presence of primary stationary crossflow vortices. A full three-dimensional description of these flows is accessed through the use of tomographic particle image velocimetry (PIV). The stability analysis solves for the secondary high-frequency modes of type I and type II, ultimately responsible for turbulent breakdown. Several pertinent parameters arising from the application of the proposed methodology are investigated, including the mean flow ensemble size and the measurement domain extent. Extensive use is made of the decomposition of the eigensolutions into the terms of the Reynolds–Orr equation, allowing insight into the production and/or destruction of perturbations from various base flow features. Stability results demonstrate satisfactory convergence with respect to the mean flow ensemble size and are independent of the handling of the exterior of the measurement domain. The Reynolds–Orr analysis reveals a close relationship between the type I and type II instability modes with spanwise and wall-normal gradients of the base flow, respectively. The structural role of the in-plane velocity components in the perturbation growth, topology and sensitivity is identified. Using the developed framework, further insight is gained into the linear growth mechanisms and later stages of transition via the primary and secondary crossflow instabilities. Furthermore, the proposed methodology enables the extension and enhancement of the experimental measurement data to the pertinent instability eigenmodes. The present work is the first demonstration of the use of a measured base flow for stability analysis applied to the swept-wing boundary layer, directly avoiding the modelling of the primary vortices receptivity processes.
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De Baere, Stijn, Jan Seghers, Renaat Philippaerts, Kristine De Martelaer e Johan Lefevre. "Intensity- and Domain-Specific Levels of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior in 10- to 14-Year-Old Children". Journal of Physical Activity and Health 12, n.º 12 (dezembro de 2015): 1543–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2014-0416.
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Background:to investigate levels of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) in 10- to 14-year-olds and to determine PA differences between week-weekend days, genders and school stages.Methods:241 children were recruited from 15 primary and 15 secondary schools. PA was assessed for 7 days using the SenseWear Mini Armband and an electronic diary. Week-weekend and gender differences were determined using 2-way repeated-measures ANOVA. Combined intensity- and domain-specific PA differences between genders and school stages were examined using 2-way ANOVA.Results:Weekdays were more active compared with weekend days. Physical activity level (PAL) of boys was higher compared with girls. Boys showed more moderate (+15 min/day) and vigorous PA (+9 min/day), no differences were found for SB and light PA. Secondary school children showed more SB (+111 min/day), moderate (+8 min/day) and vigorous (+9 min/day) PA and less light PA (-66 min/day) compared with primary school children. No difference was found for PAL. The results of the combined intensity- and domain-specific parameters revealed more nuanced differences between genders and school stages.Conclusions:Our results demonstrate the complexity of PA and SB behavior of children, indicating the need for a multidimensional and differentiated approach in PA promotion.
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Tsimpidi, A. P., V. A. Karydis, M. Zavala, W. Lei, L. Molina, I. M. Ulbrich, J. L. Jimenez e S. N. Pandis. "Evaluation of the volatility basis-set approach for the simulation of organic aerosol formation in the Mexico City metropolitan area". Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 9, n.º 3 (22 de junho de 2009): 13693–737. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-9-13693-2009.
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Abstract. New primary and secondary organic aerosol modules have been added to PMCAMx, a three dimensional chemical transport model (CTM), for use with the SAPRC99 chemistry mechanism based on recent smog chamber studies. The new modeling framework is based on the volatility basis-set approach: both primary and secondary organic components are assumed to be semivolatile and photochemically reactive and are distributed in logarithmically spaced volatility bins. This new framework with the use of the new volatility basis parameters for low-NOx and high-NOx conditions tends to predict 4–6 times higher anthropogenic SOA concentrations than those predicted with older generation of models. The resulting PMCAMx-2008 was applied in Mexico City Metropolitan Area (MCMA) for approximately a week during April of 2003. The emission inventory, which uses as starting point the MCMA 2004 official inventory, is modified and the primary organic aerosol (POA) emissions are distributed by volatility based on dilution experiments. The predicted organic aerosol (OA) concentrations peak in the center of Mexico City reaching values above 40 μg m−3. The model predictions are compared with Aerosol Mass Spectrometry (AMS) observations and their Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) analysis. The model reproduces both Hydrocarbon-like Organic Aerosol (HOA) and Oxygenated Organic Aerosol (OOA) concentrations and diurnal profiles. The small OA underprediction during the rush hour periods and overprediction in the afternoon suggest potential improvements to the description of fresh primary organic emissions and the formation of the oxygenated organic aerosols respectively, although they may also be due to errors in the simulation of dispersion and vertical mixing. However, the AMS OOA data are not specific enough to prove that the model reproduces the organic aerosol observations for the right reasons. Other combinations of contributions of primary, aged primary, and secondary organic aerosol production rates may lead to similar results. The model results suggest strongly that during the simulated period transport of OA from outside the city was a significant contributor to the observed OA levels. Future simulations should use a larger domain in order to test whether the regional OA can be predicted with current SOA parameterizations. Sensitivity tests indicate that the predicted OA concentration is especially sensitive to the volatility distribution of the emissions in the lower volatility bins.
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Deem, Rosemary. "“Together We Stand, Divided We Fall”; Social Criticism and the Sociology of Sport and Leisure". Sociology of Sport Journal 5, n.º 4 (dezembro de 1988): 341–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ssj.5.4.341.
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The article explores four modes of critical social theory in the sociology of sport and leisure, and attempts to identify common ground between these, especially in relation to their treatment of gender issues. Perspectives differ not only in their concepts and explanations but also in their underlying domain assumptions. First, the Weberian/Figurational perspective taken by Rojek is considered; this approach is the least concerned with gender, although breaking new ground in other ways. Second, the article looks at the work of the neo-Marxist, Hargreaves, which does include gender and race as issues, although secondary to class. Third is the work of Clarke and Critcher, with an important emphasis on the politics of culture and consumption, but again gender is seen as secondary to class. Finally, recent feminist perspectives are analyzed; here gender is primary, but other issues like class have not always been fully incorporated. Synthesis between different critical approaches to sport and leisure is seen as desirable because of the huge task of transforming these social phenomena. The paper suggests, however, that since the domain assumptions of all four are so different, their best way forward may lie in a new radical pluralist approach that does not a priori see any one social division as paramount.
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POO, DANNY C. C. "AN OBJECT-ORIENTED SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS ANALYSIS METHOD". International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 02, n.º 01 (março de 1992): 145–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218194092000087.
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This paper discusses an object-oriented software requirements analysis method. The approach adopted here draws clear distinction between a system's basic structure (i.e. the object model) and its functionalities. The analysis model generated is a description of a problem domain; it consists of a set of primary and secondary objects that characterize the problem domain, and a set of pseudo objects that define the functional requirements of a system. There are two stages of analysis in the proposed method: Object Modelling and Functional Requirements Modelling. These two stages are built upon one another. The aim of the object modelling stage is to derive a model of the problem domain in terms of objects, their classification and inter-relationships with one another. The functional requirements modelling stage builds upon this initial object model to complete the requirement analysis specification. This paper uses a real-life library environment to illustrate how the method can be applied in the specification of an object-oriented software system.
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Wanderley, David Campos, Bárbara Dornelas Jones, Fabricio Augusto Marques Barbosa e Stanley de Almeida Araujo. "A rare case of PLA2R- and THSD7A-positive idiopathic membranous nephropathy". Brazilian Journal of Nephrology 42, n.º 2 (junho de 2020): 254–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2175-8239-jbn-2019-0077.
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ABSTRACT Idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) is a frequent cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults. In terms of etiology, the condition may be categorized as primary/idiopathic or secondary. Literature on the pathophysiology of IMN has indicated the presence of autoantibodies (PLA2R and THSD7A) directed against podocyte antigens. The detection of antibodies against a domain favors IMN. The presence of autoantibodies against one of the domains would in theory exclude the possibility of there being autoantibodies against the other domain. However, cases of patients with PLA2R- and THSD7A-positive disease have been recently reported, showing that antibodies against two targets may be concomitantly produced via yet unknown pathophysiological mechanisms. This study reports the case of a 46-year-old male patient with nephrotic-range proteinuria, hematuria, hypoalbuminemia, and hypercholesterolemia submitted to biopsy and histopathology examination (LM, IF, IHC, and EM) eventually diagnosed with PLA2R- and THSD7A-positive IMN associated with IgA nephropathy, stressing our experience with the use of IgG subclasses, PLA2R, and THSD7A in the workup for MN and the relevance of adopting a broad and adequate approach to elucidating and acquiring knowledge of the pathophysiology of IMN.
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McNamara, Jade, Noereem Z. Mena, Leigh Neptune e Kayla Parsons. "College Students’ Views on Functional, Interactive and Critical Nutrition Literacy: A Qualitative Study". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, n.º 3 (27 de janeiro de 2021): 1124. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18031124.
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This research aimed to uncover how the nutrition literacy domains (functional, interactive, critical) influence the dietary decisions of young adults in college. For this qualitative study, undergraduate college students aged 18–24 years old (n = 24) were recruited to participate in focus groups. The focus group transcripts were independently coded for primary and secondary themes using a grounded theory approach and a basic thematic analysis. Four focus groups with 5–7 participants per group were conducted. The three domains of nutrition literacy emerged in the focus groups with two themes per domain. Themes within functional nutrition literacy included ‘food enhances or inhibits good health’ and ‘components of a healthy diet’; themes within interactive nutrition literacy included ‘navigating the college food environment’ and ‘awareness of food marketing on dietary behavior’; themes within critical nutrition literacy included ‘critical appraisal of nutrition information’ and ‘awareness of societal barriers to good health’. Understanding how the different nutrition literacy domains relate to college students’ food choices can inform future researchers on how to appropriately assess nutrition literacy and design programs aimed at improving dietary behaviors of college students.
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Streich, Rita, Michael Becken e Oliver Ritter. "2.5D controlled-source EM modeling with general 3D source geometries". GEOPHYSICS 76, n.º 6 (novembro de 2011): F387—F393. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2011-0111.1.
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Most 2.5D controlled-source electromagnetic (CSEM) modeling algorithms presented to date explicitly consider only sources that are point dipoles oriented parallel or perpendicular to the direction of constant conductivity. This makes simulations of complex source geometries expensive, requiring separate evaluations of many point dipole fields, and thus limits the practical applicability of such schemes for simulating and interpreting field data. We present a novel 2.5D CSEM modeling scheme that overcomes this limitation and permits efficient simulations of sources with general shape and orientation by evaluating fields for the entire source at once. We accommodate general sources by using a secondary field approach, in which primary fields are computed for the general source and a 1D background conductivity model. To carry out the required Fourier transforms between space and wavenumber domain using the same fast cosine and sine transform filters as in conventional algorithms, we split the primary and secondary fields into their symmetric and antisymmetric parts. For complex 3D source geometries, this approach is significantly more efficient than previous 2.5D algorithms. Our finite-difference algorithm also includes novel approaches for divergence correction at low frequencies and EM field interpolation across conductivity discontinuities. We describe the modeling scheme and demonstrate its accuracy and efficiency by comparisons of 2.5D-simulated data with 1D and 3D results.
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Brito, J., G. Biamonti, R. Caporali e C. Montecucco. "Autoantibodies to human nuclear lamin B2 protein. Epitope specificity in different autoimmune diseases." Journal of Immunology 153, n.º 5 (1 de setembro de 1994): 2268–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.153.5.2268.
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Abstract The nuclear lamina of mammalian cells consists of three major proteins, lamins A, C, and B, and a fourth minor protein, lamin B2. Lamins belong to the family of intermediate filaments and are highly similar both in structure and primary sequence. They are organized in three well-defined domains: 1) a central alpha-helical rod, which is a secondary structure shared by all types of intermediate filaments, formed by three alpha-helices (coils 1A, 1B, and 2) and surrounded by 2) an amino-terminal head and 3) a carboxyl-terminal tail. Autoantibodies toward major lamin have been described previously in sera from patients with different autoimmune diseases. We chose an epitope mapping approach to further characterize the autoimmune response to nuclear lamin. Different lamin B2 domains were expressed as fusion proteins with the glutathione S-transferase and then used in immunoblotting experiments to analyze sera from patients with autoimmune diseases (chronic active hepatitis, SLE, rheumatoid arthritis, and polymyalgia rheumatica) and from healthy subjects. At a 1:1000 dilution, none of the control sera recognized any of the recombinant polypeptides. Conversely, reactive sera were present in all groups of patients. The ability to recognize a protein domain seemed to differ with the pathology. Most chronic active hepatitis sera were reactive to two or more lamin domains and reacting SLE sera always gave positive signals to coil 2 and/or coil 1B. Coil 2 was preferentially recognized by rheumatoid arthritis sera. Polymyalgia rheumatica sera differed from all of the others because of their low reactivity to the rod domain and preference for the C terminus, a lamin-specific domain.
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Fountoukis, C., I. Riipinen, H. A. C. Denier van der Gon, P. E. Charalampidis, C. Pilinis, A. Wiedensohler, C. O'Dowd, J. P. Putaud, M. Moerman e S. N. Pandis. "Simulating ultrafine particle formation in Europe using a regional CTM: contribution of primary emissions versus secondary formation to aerosol number concentrations". Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 12, n.º 6 (1 de junho de 2012): 13581–617. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-12-13581-2012.
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Abstract. A three-dimensional regional chemical transport model (CTM) with detailed aerosol microphysics, PMCAMx-UF, was applied to the European domain to simulate the contribution of direct emissions and secondary formation to total particle number concentrations during May 2008. PMCAMx-UF uses the Dynamic Model for Aerosol Nucleation and the Two-Moment Aerosol Sectional (TOMAS) algorithm to track both aerosol number and mass concentration using a sectional approach. The model predicts nucleation events that occur over scales of hundreds up to thousands of kilometers especially over the Balkans and Southeast Europe. The model predictions were compared against measurements from 7 sites across Europe. The model reproduces more than 70% of the hourly concentrations of particles larger than 10 nm (N10) within a factor of 2. About half of these particles are predicted to originate from nucleation in the lower troposphere. Regional nucleation is predicted to increase the total particle number concentration by approximately a factor of 3. For particles larger than 100 nm the effect varies from an increase of 20% in the eastern Mediterranean to a decrease of 20% in southern Spain and Portugal resulting in a small average increase of around 1% over the whole domain. Nucleation has a significant effect in the predicted N50 levels (up to a factor of 2 increase) mainly in areas where there are condensable vapors to grow the particles to larger sizes. A semi-empirical ternary sulfuric acid-ammonia-water parameterization performs better than the activation or the kinetic parameterizations in reproducing the observations. Reducing emissions of ammonia and sulfur dioxide affects certain parts of the number size distribution.
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Fountoukis, C., I. Riipinen, H. A. C. Denier van der Gon, P. E. Charalampidis, C. Pilinis, A. Wiedensohler, C. O'Dowd, J. P. Putaud, M. Moerman e S. N. Pandis. "Simulating ultrafine particle formation in Europe using a regional CTM: contribution of primary emissions versus secondary formation to aerosol number concentrations". Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 12, n.º 18 (26 de setembro de 2012): 8663–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-8663-2012.
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Abstract. A three-dimensional regional chemical transport model (CTM) with detailed aerosol microphysics, PMCAMx-UF, was applied to the European domain to simulate the contribution of direct emissions and secondary formation to total particle number concentrations during May 2008. PMCAMx-UF uses the Dynamic Model for Aerosol Nucleation and the Two-Moment Aerosol Sectional (TOMAS) algorithm to track both aerosol number and mass concentration using a sectional approach. The model predicts nucleation events that occur over scales of hundreds up to thousands of kilometers especially over the Balkans and Southeast Europe. The model predictions were compared against measurements from 7 sites across Europe. The model reproduces more than 70% of the hourly concentrations of particles larger than 10 nm (N10) within a factor of 2. About half of these particles are predicted to originate from nucleation in the lower troposphere. Regional nucleation is predicted to increase the total particle number concentration by approximately a factor of 3. For particles larger than 100 nm the effect varies from an increase of 20% in the eastern Mediterranean to a decrease of 20% in southern Spain and Portugal resulting in a small average increase of around 1% over the whole domain. Nucleation has a significant effect in the predicted N50 levels (up to a factor of 2 increase) mainly in areas where there are condensable vapors to grow the particles to larger sizes. A semi-empirical ternary sulfuric acid-ammonia-water parameterization performs better than the activation or the kinetic parameterizations in reproducing the observations. Reducing emissions of ammonia and sulfur dioxide affects certain parts of the number size distribution.
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Filatova, Anna V. "Lexical metaphorisation of words representing the INDUSTRY and INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY conceptual domains (Based on popular-science biological English discourse)". Izvestiya of Saratov University. Philology. Journalism 22, n.º 1 (21 de fevereiro de 2022): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1817-7115-2022-22-1-19-24.
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The article considers how the conceptual metaphor functions in biological popular science English discourse. The purpose of this paper is to reveal the correlation between the target domain represented by all branches of Biology (biological popular science discourse) and the INDUSTRY and INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY source domains by examining a plethora of metaphoric expressions constituting them. By using continuous sampling method, as well as methods of conceptual and component analysis, the author considers metaphorical expressions which constitute the source domains. This paper analyses the lexical units from English and American popular science articles on Biology in order to identify the conceptual grounds which underlie the conceptual mappings between the target and source domains. In this paper we combine the approaches of Russian and Western linguistic traditions (Chudinov, Lakoff). The modern approach to metaphor, developed in the beginning of the 20th century and combining the embodied and communicative approaches (B. Hampe), is also examined. The works of the Russian linguists dedicated to the linguistic picture of the world (V. Maslova, N. Zanegina) are covered as well. The data (2 410 metaphorical expressions) confirm that the majority of the secondary meanings developed by the lexemes under analysis show a sharp contrast with their primary (basic) meanings. The obtained results prove that the metaphoric expressions belonging to the INDUSTRY domain seem to be less frequent in comparison to the INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY source domain, which allows to build up a detailed thesaurus and a large number of contexts. Furthermore, the results help to discover that the most common target domains to describe this type of discourse happen to be cells, fungi, plants and some genetic material. This can be explained by the close attention to the most imperceptible processes that happen on the molecular level.
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Shanka, Derara, e Adola Genale. "Mobile Application Based Expert System for Cattle Disease Diagnosis and Treatment in Afan Oromo Language". International Journal of Information Systems and Informatics 3, n.º 3 (25 de outubro de 2022): 131–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.47747/ijisi.v3i3.856.
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Ethiopia is best known for its cattle population in Africa. Nonetheless, cattle diseases is the major constraint to cattle production and its safe utilization. For the developing countries, cattle disease creates a considerable effect on the livelihood and lives of the farmers. In this research work we have developed a mobile application based expert system in afan oromo language for diagnosing and treating cattle diseases. Knowledge Base regarding the various diseases affecting cattle’s in the study area was acquired by using both secondary and primary sources. The primary knowledge source was collected from West Guji and Bornea zonal area domain experts and the secondary sources of knowledge was collected using document analysis. Purposive sampling technique was used for selecting domain experts for knowledge acquisition process. The proposed expert system was developed using rule based knowledge representation approach and using decision tree knowledge modeling technique. After knowledge is acquired it was represented using rule based knowledge representation method using Java Programming language and a user interface was designed and developed using XML that fits into the present day smart phones and the application will be cross platform. User acceptance testing and overall system performance testing was made after the prototype was developed. Accordingly, the mobile application demonstrated 81% of accuracy and among the users who were made a user experience evaluation, 84% of them got satisfied by the performance of the mobile application.
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Streich, Rita. "3D finite-difference frequency-domain modeling of controlled-source electromagnetic data: Direct solution and optimization for high accuracy". GEOPHYSICS 74, n.º 5 (setembro de 2009): F95—F105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.3196241.
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Three-dimensional modeling of marine controlled-source electromagnetic (CSEM) data is vital to improve the understanding of electromagnetic (EM) responses collected in increasingly complex geologic settings. A modeling tool for simulating 3D marine CSEM surveys, based on a finite-difference discretization of the Helmholtz equation for the electric fields, has been developed. Optimizations for CSEM simulations include the use of a frequency-domain technique, a staggering scheme that reduces inaccuracies especially for horizontal electric-dipole sources located near the seafloor, and a new interpolation technique that provides highly accurate EM field values for receivers located in the immediate vicinity of the seafloor. Source singularities are eliminated through a secondary-field approach, in which the primary fields are computed analytically for a homogeneous or a 1D layered background; the secondary fields are computed using the finite-difference technique. Exploiting recent advances in computer technology and algorithmic developments, the system of finite-difference equations is solved using the MUMPS direct-matrix solver. In combination with the other optimizations, this allows accurate EM field computations for moderately sized models on small computer clusters. The explicit availability of matrix factorizations is advantageous for multisource modeling and makes the algorithm well suited for future use within an inversion scheme. Comparisons of simulated data for (1) 1D models to data generated using a 1D reflectivity technique and (2) 3D models to published 3D data demonstrate the accuracy and benefits of the approach.
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Tsimpidi, A. P., V. A. Karydis, M. Zavala, W. Lei, L. Molina, I. M. Ulbrich, J. L. Jimenez e S. N. Pandis. "Evaluation of the volatility basis-set approach for the simulation of organic aerosol formation in the Mexico City metropolitan area". Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 10, n.º 2 (20 de janeiro de 2010): 525–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-525-2010.
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Abstract. New primary and secondary organic aerosol modules have been added to PMCAMx, a three dimensional chemical transport model (CTM), for use with the SAPRC99 chemistry mechanism based on recent smog chamber studies. The new modelling framework is based on the volatility basis-set approach: both primary and secondary organic components are assumed to be semivolatile and photochemically reactive and are distributed in logarithmically spaced volatility bins. This new framework with the use of the new volatility basis parameters for low-NOx and high-NOx conditions tends to predict 4–6 times higher anthropogenic SOA concentrations than those predicted with the older generation of models. The resulting PMCAMx-2008 was applied in Mexico City Metropolitan Area (MCMA) for approximately a week during April 2003 during a period of very low regional biomass burning impact. The emission inventory, which uses as a starting point the MCMA 2004 official inventory, is modified and the primary organic aerosol (POA) emissions are distributed by volatility based on dilution experiments. The predicted organic aerosol (OA) concentrations peak in the center of Mexico City, reaching values above 40 μg m−3. The model predictions are compared with the results of the Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) analysis of the Aerosol Mass Spectrometry (AMS) observations. The model reproduces both Hydrocarbon-like Organic Aerosol (HOA) and Oxygenated Organic Aerosol (OOA) concentrations and diurnal profiles. The small OA underprediction during the rush-hour periods and overprediction in the afternoon suggest potential improvements to the description of fresh primary organic emissions and the formation of the oxygenated organic aerosols, respectively, although they may also be due to errors in the simulation of dispersion and vertical mixing. However, the AMS OOA data are not specific enough to prove that the model reproduces the organic aerosol observations for the right reasons. Other combinations of contributions of primary and secondary organic aerosol production rates may lead to similar results. The model results strongly suggest that, during the simulated period, transport of OA from outside the city was a significant contributor to the observed OA levels. Future simulations should use a larger domain in order to test whether the regional OA can be predicted with current SOA parameterizations. Sensitivity tests indicate that the predicted OA concentration is especially sensitive to the volatility distribution of the emissions in the lower volatility bins.
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Diaconu, Raluca, e Dan Paul Brindasu. "Solution Improvement for Existing Concrete Formwork Equipment by Using Creative Methods and PLM Concept". Applied Mechanics and Materials 809-810 (novembro de 2015): 1486–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.809-810.1486.
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The construction domain is an important part of everybody's life consisting of one of the major needs in the Maslow's pyramid: safety. The now-a-days complex, spectacular designed constructions imply new technologies with high efficiency and precise equipment.The paper analyses the optimum solution for the desired product by using the PLM (Product Lifecycle Management) approach, starting by using previous primary and secondary information and pursuing with the solution determination. The conceptual solutions are obtained through creative methods from the specifications-the functions-of the improved product.Hence, having the proper solution that responds to the client's needs we can make the next step in designing the model of the improved formwork equipment.
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Narod, B. B. "The origin of noise and magnetic hysteresis in crystalline permalloy ring-core fluxgate sensors". Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems Discussions 4, n.º 1 (19 de junho de 2014): 319–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gid-4-319-2014.
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Abstract. 6-81.3 Mo permalloy, developed in the 1960s for use in high performance ring-core fluxgate sensors, remains the state-of-the-art for permalloy-cored fluxgate magnetometers. The magnetic properties of 6-81.3, namely magnetocrystalline and magnetoelastic anisotropies and saturation induction are all optimum in the Fe–Ni–Mo system. In such polycrystalline permalloy fluxgate sensors a single phenomenon may cause both fluxgate noise and magnetic hysteresis, explain Barkhausen jumps, remanence and coercivity, and avoid domain denucleation. The phenomenon, domain wall reconnection, is presented as part of a theoretical model. In the unmagnetized state a coarse-grain high-quality permalloy foil ideally forms stripe domains, which present at the free surface as parallel, uniformly spaced domain walls that cross the entire thickness of the foil. Leakage flux "in" and "out" of alternating domains is a requirement of the random orientation, grain-by-grain, of magnetic easy axes' angles with respect to the foil free surface. Its magnetostatic energy together with domain wall energy determines an energy budget to be minimized. Throughout the magnetization cycle the free surface domain pattern remains essentially unchanged, due to the magnetostatic energy cost such a change would elicit. Thus domain walls are "pinned" to free surfaces. Driven to saturation, domain walls first bulge then reconnect via Barkhausen jumps to form a new domain configuration this author has called "channel domains", that are attached to free surfaces. The approach to saturation now continues as reversible channel domain compression. Driving the permalloy deeper into saturation compresses the channel domains to arbitrarily small thickness, but will not cause them to denucleate. Returning from saturation the channel domain structure will survive through zero H, thus explaining remanence. The Barkhausen jumps being irreversible exothermic events are sources of fluxgate noise, powered by the energy available from domain wall reconnection. A simplified domain energy model can then provide a predictive relation between ring core magnetic properties and fluxgate sensor noise power. Four properties are predicted to affect noise power, two of which, are well known: saturation total magnetic flux density and magnetic anisotropy. The two additional properties are easy axes alignment and foil thickness. Flux density and magnetic anisotropy are primary magnetic properties determined by an alloy's chemistry and crystalline lattice properties. Easy axes alignment and foil thickness are secondary, geometrical properties related to an alloy's polycrystalline fabric and manufacture. Improvements to fluxgate noise performance can in principle be achieved by optimizing any of these four properties in such a way as to minimize magnetostatic energy. Fluxgate signal power is proportional to B–H loop curvature (d2B/dH2). The degree to which Barkhausen jumps coincide with loop curvature is a measure of noise that accompanies fluxgate signal. B–H loops with significant curvature beyond the open hysteresis loop may be used to advantage to acquire fluxgate signal with reduced noise.
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Montillado, Christine Joy M., e Ana Helena D. Lovitos. "Metacognitive Awareness and Attitude Towards Communicative Approach of Junior High School Students". American Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Innovation 2, n.º 1 (15 de janeiro de 2023): 22–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.54536/ajmri.v2i1.1192.
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This study aims to establish the significance of the influence of metacognitive awareness to the attitude towards communicative approach of Junior High School students. In order to do so, this study employed the quantitative research design using the descriptive and correlational method. Using proportionate stratified random sampling, primary data were gathered through the distribution of printed survey questionnaires inserted along with their English Modules as part of the Printed Modular-Based Learning Modality given to 369 respondents from 18 Secondary Public Schools of Division of Davao del Sur. In addressing the hypotheses of the study, correlation analysis using Pearson product moment correlation and regression analysis using Sobel z test were used. The level of metacognitive awareness as perceived by Junior High School students is high while the attitude towards communicative approach was defined as moderate. Results also revealed metacognitive awareness to have significant relationship to attitude towards communicative approach among Junior High School students. This implies that level of metacognitive awareness associates to the nature of attitude towards communicative approach. Moreover, regulation of cognition is the domain that best influences the attitude towards communicative approach among Junior High School students.
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Lisboa, Isabel C., Joana Vieira, Sandra Mouta, Sara Machado, Nuno Ribeiro, Estêvão Silva, Rita A. Ribeiro e Alfredo F. Pereira. "An MCDM Approach to the Selection of Novel Technologies for Innovative In-Vehicle Information Systems". International Journal of Decision Support System Technology 8, n.º 1 (janeiro de 2016): 43–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijdsst.2016010103.
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Driving a car is a complex skill that includes interacting with multiple systems inside the vehicle. Today's challenge in the automotive industry is to produce innovative In-Vehicle Information Systems (IVIS) that are pleasant to use and satisfy the costumers' needs while, simultaneously, maintaining the delicate balance of primary task vs. secondary tasks while driving. The authors report a MCDM approach for rank ordering a large heterogeneous set of human-machine interaction technologies; the final set consisted of hundred and one candidates. They measured candidate technologies on eight qualitative criteria that were defined by domain experts, using a group decision-making approach. The main objective was ordering alternatives by their decision score, not the selection of one or a small set of them. The authors' approach assisted decision makers in exploring the characteristics of the most promising technologies and they focused on analyzing the technologies in the top quartile, as measured by their MCDM model. Further, a clustering analysis of the top quartile revealed the presence of important criteria trade-offs.
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Yeoh, Peter. "Libor benchmark: practice, crime and reforms". Journal of Financial Crime 23, n.º 4 (3 de outubro de 2016): 1140–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfc-09-2015-0044.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to trace how and why the market-designed Libor benchmark turned bad, thereby necessitating a regulatory response. Design/methodology/approach The study relies on primary and secondary data in the public domain and complemented by a single-case study. Findings The study demonstrates how and why Libor benchmark rigging led to reforms in the UK and elsewhere. Research limitations/implications The study relying mainly on the secondary data analysis needs to be enhanced by further empirical-based studies. Practical implications Insights generated by the study suggest why it might not be worthwhile for market participants to game the system. Social implications Libor benchmark affects the financial system widely with varying significance to the wider public. With better regulatory oversight, its negative impact is expected to be mitigated considerably. Originality/value The seriousness with which the enforcement agency and judiciary now treat financial crime weakens the earlier public perception that white-collar crime is enforced differently.
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Khadse, Tejas, Madhuri Dond, Dr S. M. Gaonkar e Dr Dur Khan. "Atma-Nirbhar/Self Reliance: Analyzing the effectiveness of In-House Training and Development Models". Journal of Advances in Education and Philosophy 6, n.º 2 (22 de fevereiro de 2022): 71–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.36348/jaep.2022.v06i02.004.
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In this paper, we are going to study Training and Development as a Concept, why companies need training and development, and why most of the time training and development as a concept has swayed from internal models to external models. The paper proceeds with a Literature Review of world-class articles on training and development. These articles focus on concept and change in the environment which focuses on internal as well as the external mode of trainers. Authors suggest the innovative theories and strategies of training and development in general and in- house training modules in specific which are accepted and much celebrated all over the world. One part of the paper talks about Reasons for Change in the approach by organizations from external training models to in-house training models. To understand more about organizations' approach with respect to this change, Primary Research was conducted, which gives us the basic idea of their perspective of this shift. As a part of secondary research, we were able to go through the previous studies conducted in a similar domain. The analysis of secondary research helped understand the evolution of training and development modules and also the trend in contemporary patterns.
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Zheglov, L. F., e A. B. Fominykh. "Performance Evaluation of the Vehicle Vibration Safety in the Frequency Domain". Mechanical Engineering and Computer Science, n.º 12 (4 de janeiro de 2018): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.24108/1217.0001337.
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The article deals with mathematical modelling of the nonlinear system of vehicle vibration isolation. It is known that this problem can be solved both in the frequency and in the time domains. To assess the adequacy of the results obtained, a computation algorithm for evaluated performances in the frequency domain is considered at the first stage of the study. In this case, a statistical linearization procedure is used through the example of a spatial dynamic model equivalent to the primary and secondary vibration isolation systems of a two-axle vehicle (a dynamical system with seventeen degrees of freedom). A matrix method for determining the frequency characteristics of a given dynamical system is used, and the adaptation features of four known methods of statistical linearization are shown. The article focuses attention on advantages of the system frequency representation when testing it and determining the main parameters. In order to generalize the conclusions when comparing the calculation results in the frequency and time domains, computations were performed for two variations of the intensity of the disturbing action. Such a "hard-line" approach enables us to determine the impact of the nonlinear characteristics of the vibration isolation system components on the output integral and separate-frequency performance estimates, taking into account a vehicle's safety criterion.The simulation results of this system show different values of the integral and separate-frequency estimates for all four methods of statistical linearization, regardless of the intensity of disturbing action and the loss probability of contact between the tire and the wearing surface from 5% to 30%. The calculation data obtained allow comparing with the mathematical modelling results of the given dynamical system in the time domain and defining position according to recommendation of the statistical linearization method.
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Yeoh, Peter. "Regulatory issues in blockchain technology". Journal of Financial Regulation and Compliance 25, n.º 2 (8 de maio de 2017): 196–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfrc-08-2016-0068.
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Purpose This paper aims to examine the key regulatory challenges impacting blockchains, innovative distributed technologies, in the European Union (EU) and the USA. Design/methodology/approach A qualitative perspective underpins the study. This paper relies on primary data from applicable statutes and secondary data from the public domain including relevant case study insights. Findings The smart regulatory hands-off approach adopted in the EU and the USA to a large extent bodes well for future innovative contributions of blockchains in the financial services and related sectors and toward enhanced financial inclusiveness. Practical implications The paper’s findings provide support for blockchain technology to advance with minimum regulatory brakes for greater value-adding and efficiency advancement, especially for financial services, thereby expanding accessibility and therefore financial inclusiveness. Originality/value This paper helps to draw greater attention to the technology underpinning virtual currencies. It also highlights other economic potentials flowing from blockchain advancement.
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Azis, Abd, Haryuna Syamsuddin, Muhammad Yusfi Yusuf, Siti Syamsuarty, Andi Rismayani e Sainal Sainal. "Assessment of octopus fisheries management based on fishing technique domain by EAFM (ecosystem approach to fisheries management) in Tarupa Island". Tomini Journal of Aquatic Science 3, n.º 2 (18 de novembro de 2022): 74–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.37905/tjas.v3i2.17015.
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The increase in the utilization of octopus fishery has made it one of the main commodities of the national fisheries sub-sector. One of the areas that make octopus the main commodity for fishing targets is located on Tarupa Island, Selayar Islands Regency. However, with the increasing market demand for octopuses, the pressure on catching octopus will increase so that it is feared that it will disrupt the octopus's own resources. This study aims to evaluate the management status of octopus fisheries on Tarupa Island using the EAFM (Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries Management) approach in the domain of fishing techniques. The assessment of fisheries management in this study uses a method that refers to the NWG EAFM (National Working Group Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries Management) module. In these various methods, the types of data taken are primary data and secondary data. Analysis of the data used an ordinal-based Likert scoring with scoring assessments of 1, 2, and 3. The greater the value, the better the EAFM fisheries management. The results showed that the management of octopus fisheries on Tarupa Island, Selayar Islands Regency based on the EAFM assessment in the fishing technique domain obtained a composite value of 92 with the category of Very Good status. The majority of all indicators get the maximum scoring value, only the fishery crew certification indicator by the regulations obtains the minimum scoring value
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Narod, B. B. "The origin of noise and magnetic hysteresis in crystalline permalloy ring-core fluxgate sensors". Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems 3, n.º 2 (29 de setembro de 2014): 201–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gi-3-201-2014.
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Abstract. Developed in the 1960s for use in high-performance ring-core fluxgate sensors, 6–81.3 Mo permalloy remains the state of the art for permalloy-cored fluxgate magnetometers. The magnetic properties of 6–81.3, namely magnetocrystalline and magnetoelastic anisotropies and saturation induction, are all optimum in the Fe–Ni–Mo system. In such polycrystalline permalloy fluxgate sensors, a single phenomenon may cause both fluxgate noise and magnetic hysteresis; explain Barkhausen jumps, remanence and coercivity; and avoid domain denucleation. This phenomenon, domain wall reconnection, is presented as part of a theoretical model. In the unmagnetized state a coarse-grain high-quality permalloy foil ideally forms stripe domains, which present at the free surface as parallel, uniformly spaced domain walls that cross the entire thickness of the foil. Leakage flux "in" and "out" of alternating domains is a requirement of the random orientation, grain by grain, of magnetic easy axes' angles with respect to the foil free surface. Its magnetostatic energy together with domain wall energy determines an energy budget to be minimized. Throughout the magnetization cycle the free-surface domain pattern remains essentially unchanged, due to the magnetostatic energy cost such a change would elicit. Thus domain walls are "pinned" to free surfaces. Driven to saturation, domain walls first bulge then reconnect via Barkhausen jumps to form a new domain configuration that I have called "channel domains", which are attached to free surfaces. The approach to saturation now continues as reversible channel domain compression. Driving the permalloy deeper into saturation compresses the channel domains to arbitrarily small thickness, but will not cause them to denucleate. Returning from saturation the channel domain structure will survive through zero H, thus explaining remanence. The Barkhausen jumps, being irreversible exothermic events, are sources of fluxgate noise powered by the energy available from domain wall reconnection. A simplified domain energy model can then provide a predictive relation between ring-core magnetic properties and fluxgate sensor noise power. Four properties are predicted to affect noise power, two of which are well known: saturation total magnetic flux density and magnetic anisotropy. The two additional properties are easy axes alignment and foil thickness. Flux density and magnetic anisotropy are primary magnetic properties determined by an alloy's chemistry and crystalline lattice properties. Easy axes alignment and foil thickness are secondary, geometrical properties related to an alloy's polycrystalline fabric and manufacture. Improvements to fluxgate noise performance can in principle be achieved by optimizing any of these four properties in such a way as to minimize magnetostatic energy. Fluxgate signal power is proportional to B − H loop curvature [d2B/dH2]. The degree to which Barkhausen jumps coincide with loop curvature is a measure of noise that accompanies the fluxgate signal. B − H loops with significant curvature beyond the open hysteresis loop may be used to advantage to acquire the fluxgate signal with reduced noise.
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Thomas, Ashish. "Multivariate hybrid pathways for creating exceptional customer experiences". Business Process Management Journal 23, n.º 4 (3 de julho de 2017): 822–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bpmj-02-2017-0027.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to focus on the evolving field of hybrid services within the customer service domain. The distinguishing characteristic of hybrid services is its rapid advancements and intersection of technology innovations mixed with customer service approaches. Design/methodology/approach Extensive research and analysis has identified numerous models to measure service quality and most of these models are derived from the SERVQUAL. Since SERVQUAL is not clearly focused to analyze the customer’s experience, the authors have used mixed methods of data collection. The two sources of data are both primary and secondary data. Primary source of research is semi-structured feedback with key operations manager and front line employees involved in the business process outsourcing industry. Secondary source of data is based on case studies of organizations engaged in information technology and ecommerce. Findings In this study, the author suggests multivariate hybrid pathways to streamline and deliver exceptional customer experience, which enhances the customer retention and firm’s competitive advantage. This study emphasizes on the imminent growth of hybrid services within the customer service domain. The distinguishing characteristic of hybrid services is its rapid advancements and intersection of technology innovations mixed with customer service approaches. The customers’ interactions with a firm are gaining proportional complexity due to the intercourse of human and technology interactions. Originality/value This study integrates the diverging but distinct pathways that influence customer experience. The study is centralized on the theme that there is a progressive dependence of human interactions with technological developments. It highlights the advent of new digital technologies that are the catalyst for personalized customer experiences.
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Donoho, David L., e Jared Tanner. "Precise Undersampling Theorems". Proceedings of the IEEE 98, n.º 6 (junho de 2010): 913–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jproc.2010.2045630.
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Undersampling theorems state that we may gather far fewer samples than the usual sampling theorem while exactly reconstructing the object of interest-provided the object in question obeys a sparsity condition, the samples measure appropriate linear combinations of signal values, and we reconstruct with a particular nonlinear procedure. While there are many ways to crudely demonstrate such undersampling phenomena, we know of only one mathematically rigorous approach which precisely quantifies the true sparsity-undersampling tradeoff curve of standard algorithms and standard compressed sensing matrices. That approach, based on combinatorial geometry, predicts the exact location in sparsity-undersampling domain where standard algorithms exhibitphase transitionsin performance. We review the phase transition approach here and describe the broad range of cases where it applies. We also mention exceptions and state challenge problems for future research. Sample result: one can efficiently reconstruct a k-sparse signal of length N from n measurements, provided n ?? 2k ?? log(N/n), for (k,n,N) large.k ?? N.AMS 2000 subject classifications. Primary: 41A46, 52A22, 52B05, 62E20, 68P30, 94A20; Secondary: 15A52, 60F10, 68P25, 90C25, 94B20.
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Raviv, Yossef, Mathias Viard, Julian W. Bess, Elena Chertova e Robert Blumenthal. "Inactivation of Retroviruses with Preservation of Structural Integrity by Targeting the Hydrophobic Domain of the Viral Envelope". Journal of Virology 79, n.º 19 (1 de outubro de 2005): 12394–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.79.19.12394-12400.2005.
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ABSTRACT We describe a new approach for the preparation of inactivated retroviruses for vaccine application. The lipid domain of the viral envelope was selectively targeted to inactivate proteins and lipids therein and block fusion of the virus with the target cell membrane. In this way, complete elimination of the infectivity of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) could be achieved with preservation of antigenic determinants on the surface of the viral envelope. Inactivation was accomplished by modification of proteins and lipids in the viral envelope using the hydrophobic photoinduced alkylating probe 1,5 iodonaphthylazide (INA). Treatment of HIV and SIV isolates with INA plus light completely blocked fusion of the viral envelope and abolished infectivity. The inactivated virus remained structurally unchanged, with no detectable loss of viral proteins. Modifications to envelope and nucleocapsid proteins were detected by changes in their elution pattern on reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. These modifications had no effect on primary and secondary structure epitopes as determined by monoclonal antibodies. Likewise, the inactivated HIV reacted as well as the live virus with the conformation-sensitive and broadly neutralizing anti-HIV type 1 monoclonal antibodies 2G12, b12, and 4E10. Targeting the lipid domain of biological membranes with hydrophobic alkylating compounds could be used as a general approach for inactivation of enveloped viruses and other pathogenic microorganisms for vaccine application.
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Candrawati, Uzima. "The Application of Powerpoint Media in Thematic Learning in The Second Grade of Elementary School". JP2D (Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Dasar) UNTAN 2, n.º 1 (5 de janeiro de 2019): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.26418/jp2d.v2i1.64.
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This study aimed to adjust the predetermined theme with the theme implemented. In addition, giving interesting presentations to students, and teachers can improve the quality of human resources in the field of technology and information. This study used a qualitative approach. Data sources consisted of primary data and secondary data through procedures for collecting data with participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation studies. The data analysis technique in this study used domain techniques, taxonomic techniques, compound techniques, and theme techniques. For the process of checking the validity of the data, a triangulation process was carried out to obtain accurate research results. The results of the study obtained that in thematic learning using the Lesson Plan (RPP) to achieve a basic competency set out in the Content Standards and described in the syllabus through various learning behaviors of students.
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Nugrahani, Asawati, e Albertus Sentot Sudarwanto. "SINKRONISASI PENGATURAN NAMA DOMAIN DAN HAK MEREK DI INDONESIA". Jurnal Privat Law 7, n.º 2 (2 de agosto de 2019): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/privat.v7i2.34405.
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<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>This study discusses the synchronization of domain name and Trademark regulation in Indonesia. This</p><p>research is normative legal research is prescriptive to vertical and horizontal level of synchronization. The approach used in this legal research is the statue approach and the conceptual approach (conseptual</p><p>approach). The source of research can be distinguished to be a source of research in the form of primary</p><p>legal materials in the form of Law No. 20 of 2016 on Trademarks and Geographical Indications, Law Number 11 Year 2008 juncto 19 Year 2016 on Information and Electronic Transactions and its regulations below.</p><p>Secondary legal material from the doctrines of jurists, and other non-legal materials. The results showed</p><p>that both regulation have not been there any match between one another. First, in terms of registration</p><p>of the first principle to the legal file of the Trademark and the principle of domain name registration is first file first serve is a different principle so that many disputes after the domain name obtained. Second, interms of ownership, domain names obtained on lease are not the same objects as Trademarks so they</p><p>can not be equalized. Sync can be done by adding settings on whois system optimization and revising</p><p>the domain name law.</p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong>Domain name, Trademark, legal concept</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Penelitian ini membahas tentang sinkronisasi pengaturan nama domain dan hak merek di Indonesia.</p><p>Penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif bersifat preskriptif terhadap taraf sinkronisasi vertikal</p><p>dan horizontal. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian hukum ini adalah pendekatan undangundang</p><p>(statue approach) dan pendekatan konseptual (conseptual approach). Sumber penelitian dapat</p><p>dibedakan menjadi sumber penelitian yang berupa bahan hukum primer berupa Undang –Undang Nomor</p><p>20 Tahun 2016 tentang Merek dan Indikasi Geografis , Undang- Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 juncto 19</p><p>Tahun 2016 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik beserta peraturan- peraturan dibawahnya. Bahan</p><p>hukum sekunder dari doktrin-doktrin para ahli hukum, dan bahan non-hukum lainnya. Hasil penelitian</p><p>menunjukkan bahwa kedua pengaturan tersebut belum terdapat adanya kesesuaian antara satu dengan</p><p>yang lainnya. Pertama, dilihat dari segi pendaftarannya asas first to file hukum merek dan asas pendaftaran nama domain yaitu first file first serve merupakan asas yang berbeda sehingga dapat banyak sengketa setelah nama domain didapatkan. Kedua, dilihat dari kepemilikannya, nama domain didapatkan secara sewa bukan merupakan objek yang sama dengan merek sehingga keduanya tidak dapat dipersamakan. Sinkronisasi dapat dilakukan dengan menambahkan pengaturan mengenai optimaliasi sitem whois dan merevisi undang- undang nama domain.</p><p><strong>Kata Kunci : </strong>nama domain, merek, sinkronisasi</p>
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Odiase, Osamuede, Suzanne Wilkinson e Andreas Neef. "South African community in Auckland". Disaster Prevention and Management: An International Journal 29, n.º 3 (25 de setembro de 2019): 390–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dpm-02-2019-0052.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the resilience of the South African community in Auckland to a potential hazard event. Design/methodology/approach The research collected data from both primary and secondary sources. The research used parametric and non-parametric analytical procedures for quantitative data and a general inductive approach to qualitative data analysis and a three-step coding cycle for interviews. A content analytical process of theme formation was used to analyse secondary materials. The research discussed findings in line with related studies on community resilience. Findings The aggregate community resilience index was above average on the scale of 1–5. The highest and lowest contributions to the resilience of the South African community came from communication and information and physical capacities of the community. Although the highest contribution came from the communication domain, there is a need to sensitise the community on the importance of real-time information for resilience. Community ability to respond as a first responder and to access diverse sources was low because of a lack of interest in disaster risk reduction activities and membership of associations. Intervention in the economic domain and affordable housing is needed to assist low-income earners in coping with a potential disaster and enhance future resilience. Research limitations/implications The practical resilience of the community is limited to the time of this research. The state of resilience might change in longitudinal research due to changes in resources and ecosystem. The research did not consider institutional and natural domains because its focus was to predict resilience at the individual level. Practical implications At-risk societies could enhance their resilience through a periodic audit into its resources, identify indicators of low resilience and carry out interventions to address potential vulnerabilities. Besides the importance of resource in resilience, the research illuminates the need to address the question of who is resilient and resources distribution in the community. The issues are imperative in community resilience as they underpinned the personal ability to preparedness, response and recover from a disaster. Originality/value Although the research provides insight into the resilience of the South African community, it constitutes preliminary research towards a further understanding of the resilience of the South African community in Auckland.
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Kazanskaya, Ksenia O., e Alexandr N. Romashchuk. "THE PROBLEM OF THE TRANSITION FROM “NAIVE” TO SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS: CONCEPTUAL CHANGE APPROACH AND VYGOTSKY’S COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT THEORY". Moscow University Psychology Bulletin, n.º 3 (2021): 239–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.11621/vsp.2021.03.12.
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The relevance of the paper — discussing an area of modern cognitive psychology, namely, conceptual change approach. It examines the origins of this approach: 1) the transition from «naïve» to «scientific» thinking in children as an applied task of primary and secondary school education; 2) the basic concepts and theoretical principles of this approach, such as «domain specificity» and «misconception». The goal. The study emphasizes the problems of implementation and theoretical analysis of the transition from one type of thinking to another, which the representatives of conceptual change approach/theory are faced with. Methods. The analysis of the «naive» concepts as integral systems («everyday theories») allows us to highlight the fundamental difference between the two strategies of analyzing the transition to scientific concepts described by L. Vygotsky. Results and conclusions. According to the first strategy, the scientific concepts supplant the everyday ones; the forms of everyday thinking (such as game) can be used to maintain weak original forms of scientific concepts. The opposite strategy, especially emphathized by L. Vygotsky, regards the process as not just a substitution, but a specific transformation of everyday theory. The closest approach to such transformation understanding is Elkonin-Davydov developmental education theory, which, nevertheless, implements this logic in a contradictory manner.
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Hai, Yang, Arthur M. Huang e Yi Tang. "Structure-guided function discovery of an NRPS-like glycine betaine reductase for choline biosynthesis in fungi". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, n.º 21 (6 de maio de 2019): 10348–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1903282116.
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Nonribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs) and NRPS-like enzymes have diverse functions in primary and secondary metabolisms. By using a structure-guided approach, we uncovered the function of a NRPS-like enzyme with unusual domain architecture, catalyzing two sequential two-electron reductions of glycine betaine to choline. Structural analysis based on the homology model suggests cation-π interactions as the major substrate specificity determinant, which was verified using substrate analogs and inhibitors. Bioinformatic analysis indicates this NRPS-like glycine betaine reductase is highly conserved and widespread in kingdom fungi. Genetic knockout experiments confirmed its role in choline biosynthesis and maintaining glycine betaine homeostasis in fungi. Our findings demonstrate that the oxidative choline-glycine betaine degradation pathway can operate in a fully reversible fashion and provide insight in understanding fungal choline metabolism. The use of an NRPS-like enzyme for reductive choline formation is energetically efficient compared with known pathways. Our discovery also underscores the capabilities of the structure-guided approach in assigning functions of uncharacterized multidomain proteins, which can potentially aid functional discovery of new enzymes by genome mining.
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Esoimeme, Ehi Eric. "Institutionalising the war against corruption: new approaches to assets tracing and recovery". Journal of Financial Crime 27, n.º 1 (2 de janeiro de 2020): 217–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfc-12-2018-0125.
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Purpose This paper aims to critically analyse the existing framework on assets tracing and recovery in Nigeria. It will thereafter provide analysis of the asset and recovery measures of advanced countries such as the USA and the UK. The results from the analysis will yield maximum insight and help the Nigerian Government to make better policies and laws on assets tracing and recovery. Design/methodology/approach This paper will rely on primary and secondary data drawn from the public domain. It will also rely on documentary research. Findings This paper determined that the Nigeria asset recovery scheme is likely to be more effective if Nigeria adopts the approach of the UK and the USA. Research limitations/implications This paper will suggest new ways for assets tracing and recovery. The suggested approaches/methods are being used in advanced countries such as the UK and the USA. Originality/value Previous research papers have extensively discussed the problems faced with assets tracing and recovery from a prohibitive and investigative standpoint. This paper will discuss the topic from a preventive standpoint with little focus on investigative mechanisms.
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Ilmiyah, Nur Fadilatul, Zulinda Nur Sa’idah, Ifatun Nisa' e Ika Kusuma Wijaya. "A culture-based development of mathematics learning: A case on the Muhammad Cheng Hoo Mosque Surabaya". International Journal on Teaching and Learning Mathematics 4, n.º 1 (27 de outubro de 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.18860/ijtlm.v4i1.10980.
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Learning mathematics in schools aim to make students able to make mathematics as a solution or approach in simplifying or solving daily problems. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to have a culture-based mathematics learning which expected to be able to help students understand and master mathematics better. The purpose of this study is to identify the mathematical elements contained in the ornament and architecture of the Muhammad Cheng Hoo Mosque in Surabaya. This research is qualitative research with an ethnographic approach. Data collected by using a literature study, observation, documentation, and interviews. Data analysis is classified into several stages, namely domain and taxonomic analysis, componential analysis, and cultural theme analysis. The results showed that there are mathematical elements in the ornament and architecture of the Muhammad Cheng Hoo Mosque in Surabaya included the concepts of plane geometry, solid geometry, and transformational geometry. Mathematical elements in this mosque may be used as material for the development of culture-based mathematics learning at the primary and secondary school levels.