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1
Sapp, Brian Keith. "Observations of Laboratory Rip Currents". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/10453.
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Laboratory experiments of rip current systems are performed in a wave basin with a bar and rip channel geometry at the Ocean Engineering Laboratory at the University of Delaware. The experiments include both in situ water level and velocity measurements and optical visualization of the flow field under a variety of normal-incident wave conditions. Digital video is used to record surface drifters moving through a rip current system. A method is presented that tracks these digitally-recorded drifters into long Lagrangian sequences. The laboratory measurements capture both an Eulerian and Lagrangian description of the rip current system.
Time-averaged rip current properties are calculated and analyzed using both in situ and video measurements. From the video, Lagrangian velocities are computed with forward differencing of the low-pass filtered drifter tracks. Wave properties are also estimated using the orbital drifter motions and linear (Airy) wave theory. The effects of various wave conditions on the time-averaged rip current systems are investigated to show that wave height is a critical parameter. Measurements of circulation cells are obtained by spatially averaging the drifter track velocity measurements into a polar grid ranging from 0.25 m to 3.25 m from the center of the cell. Circulation cell features, such as the center of circulation and cell width, are calculated to characterize their response to various wave conditions.
Spectral analyses are used to characterize the rip current pulsations in the experimental measurements. Three frequencies are found to be energetic in several of the experiments in the low frequency band: the wave group frequency, a lower frequency, and the interaction of the wave group and lower frequencies. Some experiments have significant energy at each of the three peaks, where others have only one or none. The lower frequency motions have also been found in the video measurements and attributed to rip meandering. Possible causes for the low-frequency pulsations, including wave basin seiching, circulation cell instabilities, and wave-current interaction, are discussed.
This thesis adds to previous rip current studies by providing a spatially-large and time-varying perspective of rip current systems as a whole.
2
Morrison, Jonathan David. "Lagrangian observations of rip currents". Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2007. http://bosun.nps.edu/uhtbin/hyperion-image.exe/07Sep%5FMorrison.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in Physical Oceanography)--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2007.Thesis Advisor(s): MacMahan, Jamie H. "September 2007." Description based on title screen as viewed on October 25, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (p. 39-41). Also available in print.
3
Maryan, Corey C. "Detecting Rip Currents from Images". ScholarWorks@UNO, 2018. https://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/2473.
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Rip current images are useful for assisting in climate studies but time consuming to manually annotate by hand over thousands of images. Object detection is a possible solution for automatic annotation because of its success and popularity in identifying regions of interest in images, such as human faces. Similarly to faces, rip currents have distinct features that set them apart from other areas of an image, such as more generic patterns of the surf zone. There are many distinct methods of object detection applied in face detection research. In this thesis, the best fit for a rip current object detector is found by comparing these methods. In addition, the methods are improved with Haar features exclusively created for rip current images. The compared methods include max distance from the average, support vector machines, convolutional neural networks, the Viola-Jones object detector, and a meta-learner. The presented results are compared for accuracy, false positive rate, and detection rate. Viola-Jones has the top base-line performance by achieving a detection rate of 0.88 and identifying only 15 false positives in the test image set of 53 rip currents. The described meta-learner integrates the presented Haar features, which are developed in accordance with the original Viola-Jones algorithm. Ada-Boost, a feature ranking algorithm, shows that the newly presented Haar features extract more meaningful data from rip current images than some of the current features. The meta-classifier improves upon the stand-alone Viola-Jones when applying these features by reducing its false positives by 47% while retaining a similar computational cost and detection rate.
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Engle, Jason A. "Formulation of a rip current forecasting technique through statistical analysis of rip current-related rescues". [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2003. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0000680.
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Minetree, Courtney M. "Rip channel migration in the nearshore". Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2006. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/06Sep%5FMinetree.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in Physical Oceanography)--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2006.Thesis Advisor(s): Edward Thornton. "September 2006." Includes bibliographical references (p. 39-40). Also available in print.
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Karlsson, Jens. "Utveckling av väggenomföringar av typen RIP". Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-45036.
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Examensarbetet har genomförts på ABB Components i Ludvika. ABB Components är en affärsenhet inom ABB-koncernen som tillverkar nyckelkomponenter till transformatorer, bland annat genomföringar som kan ses som en isolerande hylsa vars uppgift är att föra högspänd ström genom jordade plan. Examensarbetets syfte är att utföra en förstudie som sedan ska fungera som underlag för ABB Components utvecklingsarbete vad gäller genomföringar av typen RIP (Resin Impregnated Paper). Bakgrunden till förstudien är ökade miljökrav världen över vilket innebär en marknad där miljöfrågor får allt större inverkan. Följden av marknadens utveckling är att ABB Components har insett att de har ett glapp i produktportföljen vad gäller genomföringar av typen RIP. För att skapa det underlag som är nödvändigt för att nå målet med förstudien har metoder som intervjuer, observationer och sökningar i databaser tillämpats. Målet med förstudien har sedan uppnåtts genom att generera lösningskoncept i form av CAD-modeller. Utifrån lösningskoncepten har sedan en identifiering av begränsningar i tillverkningsprocesser varit möjlig. Identifiering av begränsningar i tillverkningsprocesser har sedan konstaterat att ABB Components har kunskapen och de resurser som krävs för att tillfredsställa marknadens behov vad gäller genomföringar av typen RIP.This thesis has been carried out at ABB Components in Ludvika. ABB Components is a business unit within ABB Group, which manufactures key components for transformers, including bushings that can be seen as an insulating sleeve whose function is to bring high-voltage current through a grounded plane. The thesis aims to carry out a pilot study that will serve as basis for ABB Components development of bushings of type RIP (Resin Impregnated Paper). The background to the pilot study is increased environmental requirements worldwide, which means a market where environmental issues are increasingly impact. The consequence of market developments is that ABB Components have recognized that they have a gap in the product portfolio in terms of bushings of type RIP. To create the information that is necessary to achieve the aim of the pilot study, methods such as interviews, observations, and searches in databases has been applied. The aim of the pilot study has been achieved by generating solution concepts in the form of CAD models. Based on solution concepts, an identification of limitations in manufacturing processes has been possible. Identification of limitations in manufacturing processes has determined that ABB Components have the knowledge and resources necessary to satisfy the market's needs in terms of bushings of type RIP.
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Bruïne, Adriaan P. de. "Dialectiek in de academische pathologie: RIP?" Maastricht : Maastricht : Universiteit Maastricht ; University Library, Maastricht University [Host], 2006. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=12785.
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Brown, Jeffrey W. "Lagrangian field observations of rip currents". Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 133 p, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1633772921&sid=6&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Bajracharya, Pujan. "THROUGHFLOW CAPACITY OF DOWNSTREAM SLOPE AND RIP RAP STRUCTURE OF KULEKHANI DAM". Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for vann- og miljøteknikk, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-22370.
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Overtopping of the embankment dams has been the major cause of failure of the dams that has resulted much damages of the lives and property in the recent years. There are several accidental incidents of failure. As far as the extreme flood situations in Nepal, people have to fight with many disastrous and damages caused by flood. During such extreme scenario, the passage of such floods mainly relies upon the gate operation rule and the spillway operation rule. Many disastrous floods are unpredictable and no such planned procedures are applied due to the poor availability of the data and the forecasting systems. Due to these reasons, many damages occur regarding the loss of lives and damages of properties, infrastructures and sufferings till now. According to the Norwegian rules and codes, the dams must be designed for the 1000 years of flood. Besides that, the dam should also be able to resist the probable maximum flood without any failure. Considering these criteria, the thesis is most focused with the throughflow capacity of the existing dam in Nepal. The existing dam project named Kulekhani is only the high rockfill dam of Nepal. The dam is checked against the overtopping in the probable maximum flood condition and found to be safe under these criteria. But when the gates of spillway are closed, the overtopping is occurred. The overtopping condition is tested by carrying out various lab tests in the flume of NTNU and the drainage capacity of Kulekhani dam is thus determined.From the test results, the existing condition of Kulekhani with the random riprap placement is not able to withstand the vulnerable condition of overtopping. Thus, the dam needs to be reinforced with the riprap with the proper orientation. The design and the sizing of the rip rap are done with the available methods used. The methods are available from various literature and the practices existing so far. From the designed sizing, the mean diameter of the rock size is obtained. For the orientation of the designed rip rap, the various orientations are checked to get the good performance of the riprap. The orientation mainly means the angle of the longest axis of the rip rap with the downstream slope of the dam. The test results show that the discharge that the dam can take before failure, i.e. failure unit discharge varies remarkably with the change in the orientation. The various lab test results are compared and the best orientation is chosen and proposed for the Kulekhani dam. Then dam is test against the overtopping with this proposed orientation and designed size by conducting the various similar tests in the lab. In addition, the strength of the rip rap is also checked. Eventually from the test results, it is observed that with this orientation and placement, it will able to resist the discharge about twelve times than the existing failure unit discharge for the dam. Thus the current placement of the rip rap in the Kulekhani should be replaced with the proper orientation in order to be safe against the condition of overtopping under any circumstances. Similarly the various parameters influencing the performance of the rip rap is studied.The results show that the drainage capacity of the dam is greatly affected by the orientation and the use of the bigger stones. The capacity is improved when the angle of the riprap is greater with the dam slope. The coefficient of the uniformity and the angle of repose of the rip rap are the also interesting parameters observed that affects the test results. The packing factor which is mentioned in the Oliver as one of the important factor to affect the threshold is also studied. It shows that the packing factor doesn?t have direct influence in test results. On the other hand, the numerical simulation is also performed by using the open source C++ programming language course called Kratos. Two models are used for the simulation one with the whole geometry and one with the rockfill only. It shows that the flow cannot be exactly pictured in the modeling of the whole dam. However the model with the rockfill only shows some realistic condition of the rockfill in the dam. It is necessary to do detail studies on both the numerical models and the physical models to give the true pictures of the throughflow capacity of the dam.
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Bouhouche, Khaled. "Les évènements d'inactivation génique chez le champignon filamenteux Podospora anserina : description et relation avec le développement sexué". Paris 11, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA112028.
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Le gène ami1 impliqué dans la distribution nucléaire a été cloné et délété chez P. Anserina. Le croisement homozygote pour une délétion d'ami1 a montré des anomalies de distribution nucléaire et un effet sur la fréquence de perte de fonction de transgènes durant le cycle sexué. J'ai montré que le RIP (un mécanisme d'inactivation génique décrit chez N. Crassa) et les recombinaisons préméiotiques augmentent dans un croisement homozygote pour une délétion d'ami1. Pour expliquer cette observation, nous avons proposé une relation entre l'efficacité des mécanismes d'inactivations et les processus cellulaires au cours du développement. Le RIP agit entre la fécondation et la réplication préméiotique. Plusieurs gènes intervenant à des étapes déterminées au cours de cette période ont été étudiés chez P. Anserina, des mutations dans ces gènes conduisent à des phénotypes caractéristiques. La perte de fonction de ces gènes par RIP, à l'état de transgène, avant ou après leur intervention dans le développement sexué, devrait permettre de déterminer avec précision à quel moment se produit ce phénomène d'inactivation par rapport à l'étape qu'ils contrôlent. Les expériences sont en cours. Le gène SMR2 dupliqué en répétition inverse introduit dans P. Anserina est capable de s'auto-inactiver et d'induire une inactivation épigénétique réversible du gène SMR2 résident. Certaines propriétés de cette inactivation suggèrent que le mécanisme responsable pourrait être apparenté aux phénomènes d'extinction génique agissant au niveau post-transcriptionnelAmi1, a gene involved in nuclear distribution, was cloned and deleted in P. Anserina. The ami1 alteration led to abnormal nuclear distribution and affected loss of transgenes functions during the sexual phase. This observation prompted us to study more precisely the homology-dependent gene silencing mechanisms and their relationships with the sexual development in P. Anserina. We show that RIP (a gene silencing mechanism described in N. Crassa) and premeiotic recombinations are highly increased in deleted ami1 homozygous cross. To explain this observation, we proposed a relationship between silencing mechanisms efficiency and cellular process during the development. In fact, a sexual development slow-down was observed in deleted ami1 homozygous cross. Because of this slow-down, the nuclei would be much more exposed to gene silencing mechanisms deleted ami1 context than in ami1+ context. RIP acts between fertilisation and premeiotic replication. Several genes, which control developmental events between these two stages, were characterised in P. Anserina. Mutations in these genes display specific phenotypes. RIP induced loss of function of these genes (introduced as duplicated transgenes) before or after their intervention in sexual development, should allow precise determination of the timing of RIP relative to stages controlled by these genes. The experiences are in progress. Inverted repeat of SMR2 gene introduced in P. Anserina is able to induce self-silencing and reversible epigenetic inactivation of the resident SMR2 gene. Several lines of evidence suggest that gene silencing of SMR2 occurred at post-transcriptional level
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Stoffberg, Francis Wilhelm. "Evaluation of incipient motion criteria for rock in Reno mattresses and rip rap /". Link to the online version, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/1224.
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Stoffberg, Francis W. "Evaluation of incipient motion criteria for rock in Reno mattresses and rip rap". Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/3004.
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Thesis (MScEng (Civil Engineering))--University of Stellenbosch, 2005.There has always been some debate in the past about the most effective and economical type of revetment to be used to combat or prevent erosion in rivers and channels. Some of the most common materials used for these mitigation measures are gabions, Reno mattresses and rip rap. A study done by the Colorado State University (CSU, 1984), comprised hydraulic tests of Reno mattresses used as a channel bed revetment. The result were compared with those of rip rap. This thesis mainly deals with the evaluation of incipient motion conditions for rock used in Reno mattresses and as rip rap. In this thesis the results of the CSU study and the design criteria of Maccaferri are evaluated and compared with the result obtained when applying the stream power theory and the Shields' theory with respect to incipient motion. This thesis includes the theory with respsect to incipient motion conditions, background to the CSU study and comparisons of the results of the CSU study and Maccaferri's design criteria with theoretical calculations. A cost comparison of Reno mattresses and rip rap as channel bed revetment measures, as well as conclusions and recommendations with regard to the design and use of these options, are also included. The frame of reference for this thesis is the set of CSU test results. The calibrations achieved, proposals made and accuracy of conclusions thus depend on those results.
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Pacheco, Gómez Rodolfo 1956. "CONTROLLING BRIDGE PIER SCOUR BY RIP-RAPPING". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276478.
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This thesis is a contribution to the existing knowledge of the nature of the scour hole around bridge piers. The analysis is based on the fictitious, long contraction concept developed by Dr. Emmett M. Laursen. This concept and its equation has been used herein to determine the size of rip-rap particles which will reduce the local scour at bridge piers. Evaluation of the parameters involved in it is required for sizing the rocks in a prototype. Values such as approach velocity, water depth, average diameter of the rip-rap particles in the scour, and geometry of the pier are among the values to be known. Both a graphic and an analytical procedure are proposed as a means to find the size of particles to be used as protection. The discussion and conclusions derived from this investigation will be of great help to civil engineers working in the field of river engineering.
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Gutierrez, Enrique. "Effects of longshore currents on rip currents". [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0004905.
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Schrader, Matthew. "Evaluation of the modified ECFL LURCS rip current forecasting scale and conditions of selected rip current events in florida". [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0004854.
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Thorpe, Antony. "Sediment transport and bedform dynamics in rip currents". Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/6558.
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Simultaneous in-situ measurements of waves, currents, water depth, suspended sediment concentrations and bed profiles were made in a rip channel on Perranporth Beach, Cornwall, UK. Perranporth is a high energy beach (annual offshore Hs = 1.6 m) which is macro-tidal (mean spring range = 6.3 m) and the grain size is medium sand (D50 = 0.28 – 0.34 mm). It can be classified as a low tide bar – rip beach and exhibits a relatively flat inter-tidal zone with pronounced rhythmic low tide bar - rip morphology. Data were collected over two field campaigns, totalling 14 tidal cycles and including 27 occurrences of rip currents, in a range of offshore wave heights (Hs = 0.5 – 3 m). The in-situ measurements were supplemented with morphological beach surveys. Sediment samples were taken for grain size analysis. The rip current was found to be tidally modulated. The strongest rip flow (0.7 m/s) occurred at mid to low tide, when waves were breaking on the adjacent bar. Rip flow persisted when the bar had dried out at the lowest tidal elevations. The rip was observed to pulse at a very low frequency (VLF) with a period of 15 - 20 minutes, which was shown to be influenced by wave breaking on the adjacent bar. The rip was completely in-active at high tide. Bedforms were ubiquitous in the rip channel and occurred at all stages of the tide. Visual observations found bedforms to be orientated shore parallel. When the rip was active, mean bedform length and height was 1.45 m and 0.06 m respectively. The size and position of the bedforms in the nearshore suggested that they were best classified as megaripples. When the rip was not active, the mean bedform length and height was 1.09 m and 0.06 m respectively. In rip conditions, with typical mean offshore flow rates of > 0.3 m/s, the bedforms migrated in an offshore direction at a mean rate of 0.16 cm/min and a maximum rate of 4.6 cm/min. The associated mean bedform sediment transport rate was 0.0020 kg/m/s, with a maximum rate of 0.054 kg/m/s. In the rip, migration rates were correlated with offshore directed mean flow strength. In non-rip conditions, bedform migration was onshore directed with a mean rate of 0.09 cm/min and a maximum rate of = 2.2 cm/min. The associated mean bedform transport rate was 0.0015 kg/m/s, with a maximum rate of = 0.041 kg/m/s. The onshore bedform transport was correlated with incident wave skewness, and was weakly correlated with orbital velocity. Over a tidal cycle, the offshore directed bedform transport was only marginally larger in rip currents than when it was when onshore directed in non-rip conditions. Sediment suspension in the rip current was shown to be dependent on the presence of waves. Suspended sediment transport was dominated by the mean flux. The mean flux contributed > 70% of total suspended transport on 19 out of the 27 observed rip current occurrences. The net contribution of the oscillatory flux was small compared to the mean flux. Within the oscillatory component, a frequency domain partitioning routine showed that the VLF motion was an important mechanism for driving offshore directed sediment transport. This was balanced by onshore directed sediment transport at incident wave frequency of a similar magnitude. Depth integration showed that the mean total suspended sediment transport was in the range of 0.03 kg/m/s to 0.08 kg/m/s. At high tide, when the rip was inactive suspended sediment transport rates were minimal compared to when the rip was active. Bedform transport was (on average) 6% of the total suspended sediment transport in a rip current. The new results presented here show that rip currents make an important contribution to offshore directed sediment transport. The magnitudes of transport indicate that future improvements to morphology change models should include rip driven offshore sediment transport.
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Solimena, Michele, Anja Steffen, Maria Grazia Magro, Jimmy Masjkur, Jackob Suckale, Yanmei Liu e Konstantinos Anastassiadis. "Tamoxifen-Independent Recombination in the RIP-CreER Mouse". Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-185663.
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Background
The inducible Cre-lox system is a valuable tool to study gene function in a spatial and time restricted fashion in mouse models. This strategy relies on the limited background activity of the modified Cre recombinase (CreER) in the absence of its inducer, the competitive estrogen receptor ligand, tamoxifen. The RIP-CreER mouse (Tg (Ins2-cre/Esr1) 1Dam) is among the few available β-cell specific CreER mouse lines and thus it has been often used to manipulate gene expression in the insulin-producing cells of the endocrine pancreas.
Principal Findings
Here, we report the detection of tamoxifen-independent Cre activity as early as 2 months of age in RIP-CreER mice crossed with three distinct reporter strains.
Significance
Evidence of Cre-mediated recombination of floxed alleles even in the absence of tamoxifen administration should warrant cautious use of this mouse for the study of pancreatic β-cells.
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Solimena, Michele, Anja Steffen, Maria Grazia Magro, Jimmy Masjkur, Jackob Suckale, Yanmei Liu e Konstantinos Anastassiadis. "Tamoxifen-Independent Recombination in the RIP-CreER Mouse". PloS ONE, 2010. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A29016.
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Background
The inducible Cre-lox system is a valuable tool to study gene function in a spatial and time restricted fashion in mouse models. This strategy relies on the limited background activity of the modified Cre recombinase (CreER) in the absence of its inducer, the competitive estrogen receptor ligand, tamoxifen. The RIP-CreER mouse (Tg (Ins2-cre/Esr1) 1Dam) is among the few available β-cell specific CreER mouse lines and thus it has been often used to manipulate gene expression in the insulin-producing cells of the endocrine pancreas.
Principal Findings
Here, we report the detection of tamoxifen-independent Cre activity as early as 2 months of age in RIP-CreER mice crossed with three distinct reporter strains.
Significance
Evidence of Cre-mediated recombination of floxed alleles even in the absence of tamoxifen administration should warrant cautious use of this mouse for the study of pancreatic β-cells.
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Moreira, Heline Hellen Teixeira. "Endocitose e transporte intracelular de isoformas da pulchellina". Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/76/76132/tde-11092017-083859/.
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A pulchellina é uma glicoproteína heterodimérica com duas cadeias, pertencente à família das proteínas inativadoras de ribossomos (RIPs) do tipo 2. A cadeia A é enzimaticamente ativa e é capaz de remover uma adenina da porção 28S do rRNA; a cadeia B é uma lectina que se liga a resíduos de D-Galactose terminais, presentes na membrana. Das 4 isoformas da pulchellina (PI, PII, PIII, PIV), PII é a mais tóxica in vivo, sendo a atividade catalítica da cadeia A similar para todas as isoformas. A interação da cadeia B com os glicoreceptores de membrana e seu conseguinte processo de endocitose é crucial para que cadeia A tóxica entre na célula e torne-se disponível para atuar no seu sítio ribossomal. Assim, visando explorar e encontrar potenciais diferenças no mecanismo de ligação à célula e de endocitose das isoformas, foram realizados experimentos usando microscopia confocal com as toxinas marcadas com Alexa flúor® em células HeLa e MV3. As imagens obtidas mostraram que PII localiza-se na região perinuclear das células enquanto PIV predomina na região cortical. Esses resultados sugeriram que as isoformas apresentam distintos mecanismos de entrada e transporte nas células. Para esclarecer tal questão, a ação da pulchellina em células HeLa tratadas com diversas drogas que atuam em diferentes rotas endocíticas e de translocação, foi monitorada. Os resultados de inibição de síntese proteica mostraram que as células sofrem proteção contra a pulchellina na presença de brefeldina A, indicando que a pulchellina necessita ser transportada via Golgi para executar sua função. Inibidores de glicosilação como tunicamicina, swainsonine e inibidores de síntese proteica, como a puromicina e cicloheximidina sensibilizaram as células à PII e PIV, mas em diferentes taxas. Por outro lado, a puromicina e a cicloheximidina não afetaram a taxa de endocitose das isoformas, o que indica que a pulchellina na ausência dos inibidores compete pelo transporte ou processamento de glicoproteínas recém-sintetizadas. Experimentos de ligação e captação da pulchellina mostraram que PII apresenta 30% menos afinidade pela superfície de células HeLa que PIV, além de apresentar menor taxa endocítica. Esses dados corroboram estudos de FCS (espectroscopia de correlação e fluorescência) que identificaram que a difusão de PIV em células HeLa é maior que de PII. Nos experimentos realizados com inibidores de dinamina, ambas isoformas tiveram as suas taxas de endocitose aumentadas, indicando um efeito compensatório para via endocítica independente de dinamina. Em células incubadas com PDMP e neuraminidase, PIV mostrou uma associação às células reduzida, enquanto PII não se alterou, indicando que PIV pode necessitar de esfingolipídeos e glicocomplexos contendo ácido siálico para ligar e se internalizar nas células testadas. Para investigar essa diferença na interação foram realizados ensaios in vitro de DSC (Calorimetria Diferencial de Varredura) e SPR (ressonância plasmônica de superfície) com as isoformas isoladas. Esses ensaios mostraram que PIV e PII apresentam interações distintas com o gangliosídeo GM1, sendo que a PIV interage mais hidrofobicamente e com uma maior taxa de associação com GM1 que a PII.Pulchellin is a heterodimeric toxin found in Abrus pulchellus seeds. It is a type 2 ribosome inactivating protein, which consists of a toxic A-chain linked to a sugar binding B-chain. The B-chain mediates its binding to the galactose residues on the cellular membrane in a process that is then followed by an endocytic uptake. Once the A-chain reaches the cytosol it inhibits protein synthesis leading to cell death. In order to explore pulchellin isoforms II and IV (PII and PIV) cell entry and transport mechanisms, experiments monitoring toxin labelled with Alexafuor® in MV3 and HeLa cells were performed using confocal microscopy. We have investigated the pulchellin action in pre-treated HeLa cells with several drugs, targeting different endocytic and translocation routes. Confocal images showed PII tends to be localized in cells cortical region and PIV tend to be localized in cell\'s perinuclear region, suggesting that isoforms have different cell entry and transport mechanisms. The protein synthesis inhibition results showed that brefeldin A protects cells against the toxic effect of pulchellin, which indicates the pulchellin needs to be transported to Golgi to perform its toxic effect. When HeLa cells were incubated with protein synthesis inhibitors, such as puromycin and cycloheximidine and glycosilation inhibitors such as tunicamycin, swainsonine, they were sensitized to pulchellin, but to different extent for PII and PIV. Binding and uptake experiments showed that PII exhibits 30% less affinity than PIV on HeLa cells surface, PII also has lower endocytic rate than PIV in the cells. These data corroborate with FCS (Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy) results, which identified that PIV diffuses faster than PII into the celIs. Dynamine inhibitors increased endocytosis rates in both isoforms, indicating that pulchellin is upregulating the dynamine-independent endocytosis, possibly pulchellin is being internalized into the cells by alternative endocytic routes. When HeLa cells were incubated with PDMP and neuraminidase, PIV showed a reduced cell association compared with PII and control, indicating that PIV may require glycocomplexes and sphingolipids containing sialic acid to enter into the cells. DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry) and SPR (Surface Plasmon Ressonance) experiments using biomimetic membranes were performed using GM1 ganglioside to check this interaction. The results showed PIV and PII interact with GM1. This results also evidence PIV interact more hidrophobically and with a higher association rate on GM1 than PII.
20
Woods, John E. "Rip current/cuspate shoreline interactions in Southern Monterey Bay". Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2005. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/05Sep%5FWoods.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in Meteorology and Physical Oceanography)--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2005.Thesis Advisor(s):Edward Thornton, Timothy Stanton. Includes bibliographical references (p.41-42). Also available online.
21
Orzech, Mark D. "Rip channels, megacusps, and shoreline change measurements and modeling /". Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2010. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/dissert/2010/Jun/10Jun%5FOrzech%5FPhD.pdf.
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Dissertation (Ph.D. in Physical Oceanography)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2010.Dissertation supervisor: Thornton, Edward B. "June 2010." Description based on title screen as viewed on July 16, 2010. Author(s) subject terms: Rip channels, megacusps, alongshore sediment transport, morphodynamics, XBeach, surf-zone video, correlations, infragravity, VLF. Includes bibliographical references (p. 103-108). Also available in print.
22
Chabaud, Valentin. "The potential of extracting wave energy from rip currents". Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for energi- og prosessteknikk, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-12993.
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Existing wave energy converters are only based on a few ways to produce electricity from ocean waves. All of them suffer from low cost-efficiency so the proposal of new technologies is still up to date. This is a preliminary study to an innovative concept, based on wave-induced currents. As waves propagate into shallow water and break over a barrier, they dissipate their energy. The latter can be partly transformed in a hydraulic potential through the wave set-up behind the barrier and the cross-shore mass transport from waves. Electricity can then be produced by the mean of a water turbine.This study estimates qualitatively this energy potential. The 2D set-up is analyzed by the model of Calabrese et al. (2008) and is adapted to 3D for a regulated net cross-shore discharge. The 3D model of Bellotti (2004) is also used. Experiments have been carried out on a simplified lab-scale model to check qualitatively the applicability of the models, determine experimentally their calibration parameters and find the optimal combination flow rate/pressure head which gives the highest hydraulic potential. Two different barrier profiles are tested: a breakwater-like barrier with a steep seaward slope and a sandbar-like barrier with a mild slope. Despite a significant uncertainty, experimental and analytical results correlate well.The conclusions on the future of this technology are not thorough. Experimental conditions applied to full scale show a quite low efficiency compared to the main competitors, but much more perspectives of optimization are conceivable. Some of them have been studied from an analytical point of view.
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He, Liang. "Video-based particle image velocimetry of laboratory rip currents". Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 120 p, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdlink?did=1253510551&Fmt=7&clientId=79356&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Арєхов, М. І. "Комунікаційний пристрій для комп’ютерної мережі на базі протоколу RIP". Master's thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2018. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/71276.
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Пояснювальна записка містить шість розділів: огляд літератури і
постановку завдання проектування, розробку структурної схеми пристрою та
алгоритму його функціонування, розробку функціональної та принципової схем
пристрою, техніко-економічну частину.
У першому розділі описана загальна інформація про маршрутизатори, їх
призначення, основні функції та види, а також постановку завдання на
проектування.
У другому розділі виконана науково-дослідна робота. Досліджено аналіз
часу збіжності мережі і оцінка впливу різних факторів: часових параметрів
протоколів маршрутизації, складності топології мережі, пропускної спроможності
каналів зв’язку та завантаження мережі.
У третьому розділі розроблено алгоритм функціонування і схема
електрична структурна пристрою.
У четвертому розділі розроблена схема електрична функціональна
пристрою.
У п’ятому розділі розроблено схема електрична принципова, виконано
розрахунок її основних вузлів і блоків.
У шостому розділі «Техніко-економічна частина» розраховано показники
собівартості виготовлення пристрою.
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Thomas, David A. "Laboratory rip current circulation using video-tracked lagrangian drifters". [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2003. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0001217.
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Ferreira, Radmila Salviano. "Qualidade da ?gua de um reservat?rio e do solo da zona rip?ria sob diferentes usos na regi?o semi?rida do Rio Grande do Norte". Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2015. http://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/20719.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq)
Reservat?rios s?o ecossistemas artificiais intermedi?rios entre rios e lagos amplamente utilizado no semi?rido brasileiro como forma de suprir a escassez h?drica da regi?o. A utiliza??o da ?gua destes mananciais para m?ltiplos usos associada ao uso e ocupa??o sem manejo adequado da zona rip?ria influenciam diretamente no aumento do aporte de nutrientes para os ambientes aqu?ticos contribuindo para a acelera??o da eutrofiza??o. A regi?o semi?rida ? marcada por condi??es meteorol?gicas peculiares como alta evapora??o, temperaturas elevadas com pouca varia??o ao longo do ano e longo tempo de resid?ncia da ?gua, suscet?vel a eventos de seca prolongada, o que tende a concentrar os nutrientes nos reservat?rios favorecendo o estabelecimento de condi??es eutr?ficas. Al?m disso, ? comum o uso e ocupa??o do solo com o desenvolvimento de atividades com potencial impacto ambiental sobre os recursos naturais como agricultura, pecu?ria e a aus?ncia de esgotamento sanit?rio. O objetivo desse trabalho ? avaliar a qualidade da ?gua do Reservat?rio Cruzeta, localizado na regi?o semi?rida do Rio Grande do Norte, num per?odo de seca prolongada e avaliar a qualidade do solo sob diferentes usos na sua zona rip?ria, ambos atrav?s do monitoramento de vari?veis f?sico-qu?micas. O per?odo de seca prolongada foi acompanhado de altos n?veis de turbidez, s?lidos suspensos, nutrientes e clorofila a caracterizando baixa qualidade da ?gua. Na zona rip?ria do reservat?rio Cruzeta as ?reas sob uso da agropecu?ria mostraram-se como uma das principais fontes difusas de nutrientes para o reservat?rio, apresentando os maiores teores de f?sforo e nitrog?nio no solo derivados da decomposi??o das excretas animais e do uso de fertilizantes conferindo ao manancial uma tend?ncia ao aumento do processo de eutrofiza??o. Os indicadores de qualidade da ?gua e do solo s?o ?teis para monitoramento e avalia??o do estado de conserva??o desses recursos naturais permitindo o controle e mitiga??o do processo de eutrofiza??o do reservat?rio. Assim, este estudo corroborou a hip?tese de que a redu??o do n?vel d??gua, resultante do evento da seca prolongada, agrava os sintomas da eutrofiza??o e a utiliza??o do solo sob os diversos usos modifica os atributos f?sicos e qu?micos do solo sendo a pecu?ria e a agricultura os usos com maior potencial em ceder P e N para o ambiente aqu?tico.
Reservoirs are artificial ecosystems intermediate between rivers and lakes widely used in the Brazilian semiarid region as a way to provide water supply due to the said region?s water scarcity. The use of water from these supply sources for multiple uses, along with occupation and utilization of its riparian zone without proper management, directly influences the increased nutrient flow into aquatic environments, there with contributing to the acceleration of eutrophication. The semi-arid region is characterized by peculiar weather conditions, such as severe evaporation, high temperatures with little variation throughout the year and long water residence time, making it susceptible to prolonged drought occurrence, which tends to concentrate the nutrients in reservoirs, which favors the development of eutrophic conditions. Moreover, it is common soil use and occupation by carrying out activities with potential environmental impact on natural resources such as agriculture, livestock farming and lack of sanitation. The aim of this study is both to evaluate the water quality of the Cruzeta Reservoir, located in the semiarid region of Rio Grande do Norte, during a prolonged drought period, and assess the quality of its riparian zone soil under different uses, by monitoring physical-chemical variables. Along the prolonged drought, high levels of turbidity, suspended solids, nutrients and chlorophyll a were verified as present, therefore featuring low water quality. In the riparian zone of Cruzeta Reservoir, the areas under use of agriculture and livestock farming appeared as one of the main diffuse sources of nutrients to the said reservoir, featuring the highest levels of phosphorus and nitrogen in the soil, originated from decomposition of animal excreta and from the use of fertilizers, creating a tendency to increased eutrophication of such water supply source. The indicators of water and soil quality are useful for monitoring and evaluating the conservation status of natural resources, allowing the control and mitigation of the reservoir eutrophication process. This study confirmed the hypothesis that the reduction of water level, resulting from prolonged drought event, aggravates the symptoms of eutrophication; and also that using the soil under severalways modifies the physic chemical properties of the soil, having livestock farming and agriculture as the usages with greatest potential towards yielding P and N to the aquatic environment.
27
AKSAKALLI, VURAL. "Heuristic Methods for Gang-Rip Saw Arbor Design and Scheduling". NCSU, 1999. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-19991102-031914.
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AKSAKALLI, VURAL. Heuristic Methods for Gang-Rip Saw Arbor Design and Scheduling. (Under the direction of Dr. Yahya Fathi).This research considers the problem of designing and scheduling arbors for gang-rip saw systems. Such systems are typically used within the furniture manufacturing industry for processing lumber, where lumber boards are first ripped lengthwise into strips of different widths, and then, cut to the required lengths to be used in manufacturing.A saw with multiple cutting channels is used to perform this operation. This saw has fixed blades at specific positions on a rotating shaft which rips incoming lumber boards into required finished widths. The pattern of cutting channels (i.e., the setting of the blades) along the saw shaft is referred to as an ''arbor''.A typical instance of the problem consists of (1) a set of required finished widths and their corresponding demands, (2) a frequency distribution of lumber boards in the uncut stock, (3) a shaft length, and (4) a blade width. The objective is to design a set of (one or more) arbors and the corresponding quantity of lumber to run through each arbor, such that the total amount of waste generated is minimized while the demand is satisfied.In the research, we focus on solving the problem using only one arbor. First, we discuss the computational complexity of the problem and propose a total enumeration procedure which can be used to solve relatively small instances. Then, we develop algorithms based on heuristic approaches such as local improvement procedures, simulated annealing, and genetic algorithms. Our computational experiments indicate that a local improvement procedure with two nested loops, performing local search with a different neighborhood structure within each loop, gives very high quality solutions to the problem within very short execution times.
28
Chen, Yiqiang. "Sediment size effects on self-organisation behaviour of rip channels". Thesis, University of Dundee, 2014. https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/834a7ed4-ca29-4057-b269-15833ae2ede5.
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Rip channels are frequently observed morphological pattern on the sandy beach, which are critical to the erosion of beaches as well as the safety of beach visitors. Field observations indicate the wave conditions and sediment characteristics exert the controlling effects on the states of beaches and determine the development of rip channel system. Although the role of wave conditions on the rip channel dynamics has been extensively studied, little attention has been paid to the effects of sediment characteristics. In this thesis, the impacts of grain size of both uniform and non-uniform sediments on the formation and nonlinear evolution of rip channels have been investigated using a nonlinear morphodynamic model that is adapted from the open source program XBeach. To quantitatively describe the impacts of sediment grain size, a number of indicators that represent the dynamical and geometrical characteristics of rip channels have been used. Specifically, the indicators that related to the dynamical properties of rip channels include growth rate, migration speed, response time and saturation time. The indicators that related to the geometrical characteristics of rip channels include predominant spacing and rip channel three-dimensionality. For beaches that consist of uniform sediment, the grain size can affect number aspects of rip channel dynamics. It is found that when the grain size increases, both alongshore migration speed and growth rate decreases significantly, while the response and saturation time increases. On the other hand, the influence of grain size on the geometrical properties of the rip channel is much less pronounced, as the predominant wavelength of rip channels hardly changes and the rip channel three-dimensionality only vary slightly, depending on either the variation of grow rate or saturation time. The “global analysis” method that takes the variables over the whole modelling domain into account is then applied to investigate the mechanism underlying the variations of growth rate and migration speed. The results of calculation using “global analysis” method reveal that the variations of growth rate and migration speed are mainly caused by the amount of sediments being stirred up into the water column which is clearly grain-size-dependent. Previously, all modeling studies assume that the heterogeneous sediment on sandy beach can be represented by single homogeneous sediment, which implicitly suggest that the actual dynamics of rip channels for heterogeneous sediment are either similar to those within an environment comprised of uniform sediment or equivalent to the linear summation of dynamics determined for individual grains. However, our results of simulations that using heterogeneous sediment show that in some occasion this assumption is not valid, as the values of indicators that concern to the temporal evolution properties of rip channels for heterogeneous sediment can locate outside of the range that restricted by prediction using uniform sediment. This is because the gradient of sediment concentration depends on the spatial distribution of sediment size and is not always the linear summation of the gradient of sediment concentration calculated using uniform sediment grains. Therefore, our results suggest that special care for the spatial distribution of sediment size should be taken when predicting the development of rip channels.
29
Pitman, Sebastian John. "Wave dissipation patterns as an indicator of rip current hazard". Thesis, University of Southampton, 2017. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/415493/.
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Rip currents (rips) are hazardous offshore-directed flows in the surfzone of beaches worldwide. Rips are a major hazard for recreational beach use and are the dominant cause of beach rescues and drownings. It is therefore important to understand what conditions make a rip most hazardous, in order for beach safety practitioners to mitigate the risk. The aim of this thesis was to determine how patterns of wave breaking influence rip channel hazard on beaches. In order to quantify wave breaking, video imagery from three hydrodynamically diverse case studies was used, and validated at two sites against Lagrangian GPS drifter data. This thesis firrst developed pre-processing techniques for video imagery which then subsequently improved the reliability of rip channel detection. Hitherto, the noise inherent in such signals has made automated detection of rip currents problematic. Wave breaking patterns could then be identified with the novel application of synoptic typing methods to the imagery, resulting in a classification scheme for rip currents based on wave breaking. Two dominant types were identified: (1) open channels, whereby the rip channel has free connectivity to the region beyond the surfzone; and (2) closed channels, where wave breaking across the seaward extent of the channel effectively closes this connectivity to the offshore region. Investigation of Lagrangian data for each of the prevailing states shows that under open conditions, drifters were highly likely to be transported beyond the edge of the surfzone by the rip current, with exit rates reaching 100 % at times. Under closed conditions, drifters were more likely to be retained in the surfzone, with typical exit rates between 0 and 35 %. A rip current that exits the surfzone is more hazardous to bathers, and therefore, this thesis subsequently investigated the prevalence of open and closed rip channels in records of rip rescue events. Over two sites for which data were available, upwards of two thirds of major rip rescues occurred when the channel could be classified by this new method as open. Furthermore, the majority of surfer and bodyboarder rescues occurred under open conditions. Despite their over-representation in the rip rescue record, the overall prevalence of open channels over a year is only around 40 %. Normalising the number of rescues in open rips by their occurrence shows open rips to be twice as hazardous as closed channels. This new approach provides a quick and inexpensive means to assess high risk surf conditions at rip beaches worldwide, with the deployment of only a small (often mobile) imaging system.
30
Aksakalli, Vural. "Heuristic methods for gang-rip saw arbor design and scheduling /". Raleigh, NC : North Carolina State University, 1999. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/etd/public/etd-4844102699922981/etd.pdf.
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Keefer, Thomas B. "Dune erosion, mega-cusps and rip currents modeling of field data". Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2006. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/06Sep%5FKeefer.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in Physical Oceanography and Meteorology)--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2006.Thesis Advisor(s): Edward B. Thornton. "September 2006." Includes bibliographical references (p. 37-38). Also available in print.
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Woodward, Eleanor Molly. "Rip currents in the UK : incident analysis, public awareness, and education". Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/3529.
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Rip currents present a severe hazard to water users worldwide, resulting in over 100 drownings and thousands of lifeguard rescues annually. This thesis examines the demographics of who is effected by rip currents in the UK, what activity they are undertaking, when and where incidents occur, how much the public know, what people have experienced, and how best to educate them. Analysis of 7909 rip current lifeguard rescues (16777 people) across the UK between 2006-2013 highlighted the most at risk group, and subsequent target audience for education, to be male teenagers aged between 13-17 years old (n=2906, 17%). Geographically, the highest incidents occurred on the beaches in the Southwest of England (n=6911, 87%). Incidents mostly occurred outside of lifeguard flagged areas (n=4302, 54%) and mainly involved those using bodyboards (n=5290, 52%). Through the analysis of 407 public beach-based rip current and beach safety questionnaires, it was established that beach users have a poor understanding of rip currents (n=263, 65%) but a good perception of the beach safety flags (n=389, 96%). People with greater knowledge were typically educated by a lifeguard, enter the sea more frequently or have been caught in rip currents themselves. The experiences of 553 people caught in rip currents were analysed using an online questionnaire. The gender split was 69% male (n= 382) to 31% female (n= 171), indicating that males are caught in rip currents more than females. Swimming directly to shore against the rip followed an initial panic (n=108, 34%) for most people caught in a rip. Swimming parallel to the beach was the most remembered, advised, utilised, and promoted safety message. Respondents advocated the use of lifeguards to disseminate rip current safety messages. A new and unique rip current education programme was developed from the synthesis of these results. A lifeguard delivered a pilot programme to 185 teenagers in three schools and two community groups in the Southwest of England. This interactive pilot consisted of exercises using videos, photographs, news reports, and a swimming machine. Levels of rip current knowledge were evaluated before and after, and at regular intervals, to assess knowledge retention. The short-term effects after 3 months were positive, showing statistically significant (p < 0.0005) improvements in mean knowledge levels. This thesis provides a new contribution to the expanding field of social and behavioural rip current research. The development of a unique rip current education programme presents an alternative method for increasing public awareness, and supports the worldwide prevention of rip current incidents and fatalities.
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Holt, Robert D. "Rip current spacing in relation to wave energetics and directional spreading". Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2003. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/03Jun%5FHolt.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in Physical Oceanography)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2003.Thesis advisor(s): Edward B. Thornton, Timothy Stanton. Includes bibliographical references (p. 59-62). Also available online.
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Keye, Wade. "#RIP: Social Media and the Changing Experience of Life and Death". Thesis, University of Oregon, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/22669.
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The mediated closeness experienced by social media users is built on the ongoing accumulation of personal information by corporate owned social media platforms. Each user’s digital footprint becomes more intricate as this collection continues across their life’s procession, leaving something behind after they die. Social media platforms have become intimately insinuated into life and finally, into death. These haphazard archives were never created with death or grief in mind. But users die, and their friends and family use social media to grieve; death isn’t something a platform or its users can avoid. This thesis examines the ways that death and grief are experienced and how social media is facilitating and changing that process. The study approaches social media and death historically, discursively, and economically. It discusses the history of mediated death, the experience of grief over social media, and the political economy of the socially mediated dead.
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Mishra, Rahul Kumar. "Study of Exon Junction Complex in mouse neural stem cells". Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066201/document.
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Le complexe EJC (Exon Junction Complex) joue un rôle central dans le couplage des processus post-transcriptionnels chez les métazoaires. Ce complexe multi-protéique est assemblé sur les ARN messagers (ARNm) par la machinerie d’épissage. Organisé autour d’un complexe cœur servant de plate-forme à de nombreux facteurs, les EJCs accompagnent les ARNm dans le cytoplasme et participent à leur transport, leur traduction et leur stabilité. L’importance physiologique de l’EJC est supportée par les nombreux défauts développementaux et les maladies génétiques associées aux composants de l’EJC. Les analyses transcriptomiques révélant un assemblage hétérogène des EJCs renforcent l’hypothèse que les EJCs participent à la régulation de l’expression des gènes. Cependant, malgré une connaissance précise de la structure de ce complexe, les liens fonctionnels entre l’assemblage de l’EJC et la régulation de transcrits spécifiques dans des conditions physiologiques doivent être établis puis caractérisés.Durant cette thèse, j’ai étudié l’expression d’eIF4A3, Y14 et MLN51, trois protéines du cœur de l’EJC, dans des cultures primaires de cellules souches neurales murines (CSN). Les CSN peuvent être différenciées en cellules épendymaires multi-ciliées qui tapissent les ventricules cérébraux et ont un rôle important dans le développement du cerveau. J’ai observé par immunofluorescence dans des CSN quiescentes que les 3 protéines sont concentrées autour du centrosome à la base du cil primaire. Ces localisations reflètent la présence d’EJC assemblés comme le prouve l’étude d’un mutant d’Y14 incapable de former l’EJCThe Exon Junction Complex (EJC) plays a central role in coupling post-transcriptional processes in metazoans. This multi-protein complex is assembled onto messengers RNAs (mRNAs) by the splicing machinery. Organized around a core complex serving as a platform for numerous factors, EJCs accompany mRNAs to the cytoplasm and is involved in mRNA transport, translation and stability. The physiological importance of the EJC is supported by observations associating defects in EJC component expression to developmental defects and human genetic disorders. Transcriptomic studies revealing the non-ubiquitous deposition of EJCs strengthened the hypothesis that EJCs could participate to gene expression regulation. However, despite a precise picture of the structure of the EJC, functional links between EJC assembly and regulation of specific transcripts under physiological conditions is yet to be established.During this thesis, I studied the expression of eIF4A3, Y14 and MLN51 three core proteins of the EJC in primary cultures of mouse neural stem cells (NSCs). NSCs can be differentiated into multiciliated ependymal cells that line all brain ventricles and have important physiological functions in brain development. We observed by immunofluorescence that in quiescent NSCs, all three proteins are concentrated in the vicinity of the centrosome at the base of the primary cilia. This localization reflects the presence of fully assembled EJCs as proved by the study of Y14 mutant that prevent EJC core mounting
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Six, Emmanuelle. "Dissection moléculaire et fonctionnelle de Delta1, un ligand de Notch : mise en évidence d'une fonction cellulaire autonome de Delta1". Paris 6, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA066306.
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Horel, Kira Lynn. "The overture to George Frederick Bristow's Rip Van Winkle: a critical edition". Diss., University of Iowa, 2012. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/2895.
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This dissertation centers on creating a new critical edition of the Rip Van Winkle overture. One of America's earliest opera composers, George Frederick Bristow (1825-1898), completed the opera Rip Van Winkle in 1855. When he revised it twenty-five years later in 1880, the composer omitted the original overture which was then thought to be lost. A concert version of this overture exists today only in manuscript form, located at the New York Public Library. Rip Van Winkle is significant to the history of American Music because it is one of the earliest operas composed by an American, and the first to be written on American subject matter (in this case, Washington Irving's story of the same name). Adding to the work's considerable historical significance is that the overture was one of the first American pieces performed by the New York Philharmonic Society, in which Bristow was a violinist. There is currently no scholarly edition of the overture, and thus this edition will fill a significant gap in the understanding of nineteenth-century American music. This critical edition of the overture to George Frederick Bristow's Rip Van Winkle was created in order to be published and available for performance and study, shedding light on the often under-represented American opera in the United States.
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CARPI, LUCA. "Rip currents in Mediterranean environment: a case study along eastern Ligurian coast". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Genova, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11567/944843.
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This thesis proposes a study on the rip currents development within a Mediterranean
embayed beach. The rip (or cross-shore) currents are among the most
investigated phenomena in the eld of coastal research, and their fame is due
to their environmental and socio-economic implications. The coastal areas are
considered as transition environments, where hydrosphere, lithosphere, biosphere,
atmosphere and (often) anthroposphere meet. The rip currents are
a crucial component of the coastal hydro-morphodynamic processes (hydrosphere
and lithosphere) (Short, 1999; Castelle et al., 2016), play a role in larval
recruitment processes (biosphere) (Shanks et al., 2010), and they are also
well known as risks source for beachgoers (anthroposphere) (Short and Hogan,
1994; Austin et al., 2012). However, the rip currents role along the Mediterranean
coasts is often neglected, and most of the literature concerns the rip
currents in oceanic environments. The aim of this research is a detailed description
of the rip currents behaviour along a Mediterranean embayed beach,
also considering the possible sea-level rise implications. The study area was
identied within Levanto bay, along the eastern Ligurian coast (NW Italy).
The research activity has been conducted through an integrated application
of several investigation methodologies, in order to obtain the best possible results
in therm of phenomena description. The rip currents individuation is
performed through a coastal video-monitoring system installed on the Levanto beach, and the collected data were processed through a dedicated software for
coastal video-monitoring (Brignone et al., 2012). Several eld surveys were
performed to obtain a full description of the geomorphological boundary conditions
(topo-bathymetric surveys and sedimentological sampling). The rip
currents description and evaluation were executed through the application of
the XBeach model (Roelvink et al., 2009), which is a well-known tool for
coastal modelling. Moreover, the modelling approach allowed the evaluation of
the possible rip currents response under dierent sea-level rise scenarios (local
sea-level projections to 2100) (Kopp et al., 2014). The obtained results show
a detailed description of the rip currents phenomena, showing their essential
role in the local coastal dynamics. The proposed research approach has proved
to be reliable for the rip currents investigation in the Mediterranean environment,
and it can be applied along any stretch of coast of the Mediterranean
Sea. Moreover, the modelling results showed a signicant relation between
sea-level rise and rip currents behaviour. The results of this study highlight
the role of the rip currents in the Mediterranean environment and represent a
rm basis for the rip currents investigation along the Mediterranean coasts.
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Reyes, Luis Fernando. "Proteínas inativadoras de ribossomos: identificação de novas proteínas e estudos de interação da cadeia-A da pulchellina (PAC) com monocamada de Langmuir". Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/76/76132/tde-27052011-114447/.
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Proteínas Inativadoras de Ribossomos (RIPs) são rRNA N-glicosilases capazes de inibir a síntese protéica pela remoção de uma adenina específica do RNA ribossomal. São geralmente classificadas em tipo 1 e tipo 2, sendo as últimas divididas em altamente tóxicas e não tóxicas. A maior parte das RIPs tipo 2 identificadas pertence a espécies de dicotiledôneas, como é o caso da pulchellina. As cadeias tóxicas das RIPs possuem uma região C-terminal hidrofóbica conservada, a qual se atribui a capacidade de interação com a membrana do retículo endoplasmático (RE), durante o transporte retrógrado da toxina para o citosol. Neste trabalho duas abordagens diferentes foram aplicadas para o estudo das RIPs tipo 2: identificação e caracterização de novos integrantes desta família de proteínas, e investigação da interação da cadeia-A da pulchellina (PAC) com sistemas miméticos da membrana celular. Na primeira abordagem, uma busca in silico em bancos de dados genéticos públicos permitiu identificar quatro novas RIPs do tipo 2 de monocotiledôneas. A análise da estrutura primária das proteínas identificadas mostrou a ocorrência de mutações em alguns dos principais aminoácidos que formam o sítio ativo nas RIPs, indicando uma possível perda de função. O representante de Saccharum officinarum (cana-de-açúcar) foi então analisado em maior detalhe, sendo sua cadeia-A clonada (soRIPA), expressa em sistema heterólogo e caracterizada em termos de atividade e estrutura secundária. Os ensaios in vitro mostraram que a soRIPA não foi capaz de depurinar ribossomos eucariotos. Porém, os ensaios de inibição da síntese proteica mostraram uma possível atividade inibitória da soRIP, que precisa ainda ser confirmada. A presença dos transcritos no banco do SUCEST sugere que estes genes não sejam pseudogenes, embora não tenha sido possível purificar a proteína a partir de extratos de folhas. Isto indica que se a soRIP está sendo traduzida, deve sofrer um rápido turnover, tornando difícil a sua detecção e purificação ou, ainda, que a ausência de sítios de ligação à galactose funcionais na cadeia-B impediu sua purificação por cromatografia de afinidade à galactose. A outra abordagem no estudo das RIPs tipo 2 foi centrada na cadeia-A recombinante da pulchellina (rPAC), estudando sua interação com monocamadas de Langmuir. Foram construídos 3 mutantes da rPAC, cada um com diferentes deleções na região C-terminal visando determinar a região responsável pela interação com a membrana do RE. A cinética de adsorção e pressão superficial exercida pela rPAC sobre a monocamada, assim como o estudo com os mutantes demontraram que a proteína interage fortemente com a monocamada fosfolipídica e que esta interação in vitro é dependente da presença da região C-terminal. De forma geral, os resultados obtidos neste trabalho contribuíram com novas informações sobre esta família de proteínas, identificando e analisando novos integrantes e, ainda, adicionando detalhes do mecanismo funcional do tráfego das toxinas RIPs.Ribosome Inactivating Proteins (RIPs) are rRNA N-glycosilases which are able to inhibit the protein synthesis by removing a specific adenine from the ribosomal RNA. They are usually classified as type 1 and type 2, being the latter divided into highly toxic and nontoxic. The majority of type 2 RIPs currently identified are found in species of dicotyledons, as the pulchellin. The toxic chain of RIPs has a conserved hydrophobic C-terminal region, which is believed to be responsible for the interaction with the lipid membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum ER during the retrograde transport of the toxin to the cytosol. In this work, two different approaches were applied in the study of type 2 RIPs: identification and characterization of new members of this protein family, and investigation of the interaction of the pulchellin\'s A-chain (PAC) with systems that mimic the cellular membrane. In the first approach, an in silico search in public genetic databases was performed and allowed us to identify four new type 2 RIPs in monocots. The primary structure analysis of the identified proteins showed the presence of mutations in key amino acids that form the active site of RIPs, indicating a possible interference on its catalytic activity. The representative of Saccharum officinarum (sugar cane) was then analyzed in greater detail. Its A-chain clone (soRIPA) was expressed in a heterologous system and characterized in terms of activity and secondary structure. In vitro experiments showed that soRIPA was not able to perform the depurination of eukaryotic ribosomes. However, the inhibition of protein synthesis assays presented a possible low inhibitory activity of the soRIP, which still needs to be further investigated. The presence of transcripts on the bank of SUCEST indicates that these genes are not pseudogenes, although it was not possible to purify the protein from leaf extracts. If the soRIP is being translated, this may indicate that it undergoes a quick turnover, preventing its detection and purification. It is also possible that the absence of functional galactose binding sites in the B-chain has prevented its purification by galactose affinity chromatography. Our second approach to the study of type 2 RIPs was focused on the recombinant pulchellin A-chain (rPAC), by investigating its interaction with Langmuir monolayers. We have constructed three mutants of rPAC, each one with different deletions at the C-terminal to determine the region responsible for interaction with the membrane of the ER. The adsorption kinetic and surface pressure applied by rPAC on the monolayer, as well as the study of the mutants, have demonstrated that the protein has a strong interaction with the phospholipid monolayer and that this interaction in vitro is dependent on the presence of the C-terminal. The results of this work have provided new information about the type 2 RIP protein family, identifying and analyzing new members, and also bringing new details about the functional mechanism of the RIP\'s toxin traffic.
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Harman, Enver Erol. "Putative prokaryotic ribosome-recognition domains of pokeweed antiviral protein". Thesis, University of Warwick, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.340118.
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Bastos, Bibiana Liguori. "Flora fóssil do pontal Rip, Ilha Nelson, Península Antártica: taxonomia e contexto geológico". Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, 2012. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/4587.
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CNPQ – Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
Fósseis de plantas são comuns na Península Antártica e têm sido encontrados não apenas em áreas orientais, correspondentes aos ambientes de retro-arco, mas também na Terra de Graham e no arquipélago das Shetland do Sul, que representam respectivamente, o contexto de arco e ante-arco. Na ilha Nelson, que faz parte do arquipélago das Shetland do Sul, o registro fossilífero mostra-se profundamente ligado aos processos vulcânicos que marcaram sua história, inicialmente afetada pelos eventos mesozóicos de subducção do Pacífico e posteriormente pela construção de um arco de ilhas. A macro e microflora encontradas em um depósito piroclástico retrabalhado no nível superior do pontal Rip, a noroeste da Ilha Nelson, são aqui apresentadas pela primeira vez. Na macroflora dominam folhas muito fragmentadas de Nothofagus e de formas primitivas de angiospermas, relacionadas às famílias Lauraceae, Anacardiaceae e Melastomataceae. Escassas pínulas de pteridófitas e um único ramo de conífera também compõem esta assembleia. Entre os palinomorfos, as pteridófitas são o principal componente, seguidas por grãos de pólen de gimnospermas. A presença de grãos relacionados à Nothofagus é atestada por tipos ancestrais e modernos (e.g. Nothofagidites cf. endurus, N. cf. kaitangataensis e N. cf. brachyspinulosus). Grãos de Classopollis, em associação com Nothofagidites cf. endurus e N. cf. kaitangataensis, sugerem uma idade neocretácica para este depósito. Em relação à correlação estratigráfica, a composição da macroflora também mostrou maior identidade com aquelas presentes em outras exposições na ilha King George, especialmente, com assembléias atribuídas ao Campaniano médio (e.g. pontal Half Three, pontal Price e monte Zamek). Em termos paleofitogeográficos, foi possível observar o domínio das angiospermas relacionadas às formas decíduas e primitivas de Nothofagus, muitas das quais são similares a espécies modernas que crescem em áreas ao sul da América do Sul. Deste modo, baseando-se no domínio de folhas microfílicas e na presença de folhas e grãos de pólen relacionados à Nothofagus, pode-se sugerir uma condição de clima temperado úmido para a Península durante a deposição do nível estudado. Por fim, deve-se ressaltar que as pteridófitas (famílias Blechnaceae e Hymenophyllaceae), a cupressácea do gênero Papuacedrus e alguns dos morfotipos associados à Nothofagus aqui descritos, indicam que ainda existiam terras contínuas entre a Península Antártica e a Australásia durante o final do Cretáceo.
Plant fossils are common in the Antarctic Peninsula and have been found not only in the eastern areas that correspond to the back arc deposition environments, but also in the Graham Land and the South Shetland archipelago, which represent the arc and fore arc contexts, respectively. In the Nelson Island, part of the South Shetland archipelago, the fóssil record is deeply linked to the volcanic processes that marks its geological history, initially affected by the Mesozoic subduccion events and after by the construction of an island arc. The macro and microflora found in a reworked pyroclastic deposit from the upper part of Rip Point outcrop, in northwestern Nelson Island, are herein presented for the first time. The macroflora is dominated by very fragmented leaves of Nothofagus and primitive forms of angiosperms, related to the families Lauraceae, Anacardiaceae and Melastomataceae. Rare pinnules of Pteridophyta and a sole and partial conifer shoot also compound this assemblage. Amongst the palynomorphs, the Pteridophyta are a main component, follow by pollen grains of gymnosperms. The presence of grains related to Nothofagus is represented by ancestral and modern types (e.g. Nothofagidites cf. endurus, N. cf. kaitangataensis and N. cf. brachyspinulosus). The Classopollis grains, in association with Nothofagidites cf. endurus, N. cf. kaitangataensis, suggested a Late Cretaceous age to this deposit. In relation to stratigraphic correlation, the composition of macroflora showed also a greatest identity with ones recorded in other exposures found in the King George Island, specially, with assemblages attributed to the middle Campanian (e.g. Half Three point, Price point and Zamek Hill). In terms of paleophytogeography, it was possible observe the domain of angiosperms related to a deciduous and primitive leaves of Nothofagus, similar to many of modern species that live in southern South America. In this way, it is suggested that the Antarctic Peninsula was under a humid temperate climatic condition during the deposition time of study interval, based on the domain of microfilic leaves and the presence of leaves and pollen grains related to Nothofagus. Finally, it should be highlighted that the pteridophytes (families Blechnaceae e Hymenophyllaceae), the cupressacea of genus Papuacedrus and the few morphotypes associated to Nothofagus described here, indicated the existence of a land connection between the Antarctic Peninsula and Australasia during the end of Cretaceous.
42
O'Neill, Andrea C. "Characterization of episodic rip current pulsations in the inner shelf during RCEX 2007". Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2009. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2009/March/09Mar%5FFO%5FNeill.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in Meteorology and Physical Oceanography)--Naval Postgraduate School, March 2009.Thesis Advisor(s): MacMahan, Jamie. "March 2009." Description based on title screen as viewed on April 23, 2009. Author(s) subject terms: Rip currents, rip current structure, episodic rip current pulsations, inner shelf, RCEX 2007, surf zone volume exchange, Sand City, nearshore circulation Includes bibliographical references (p. 45-48). Also available in print.
43
Leatherman, Stephen B. "Rip Current Generation, Flow Characteristics and Implications for Beach Safety in South Florida". FIU Digital Commons, 2018. https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3884.
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Rip currents are the most dangerous hazard at surf beaches. Rip currents in South Florida have previously not been studied. Beach profiles for three Florida beaches (Miami Beach, Lido Beach, Sarasota, and Pensacola Beach) and one Georgia beach (South Cumberland Island) were chosen for surveying because of their variable sand bar heights. Rip current hazard at each beach was assessed by lifeguard rip rescue and drowning statistics. A relationship was found between sand bar height, beach slope and rip current hazard.
Rip current measurements in South Florida, which involved utilizing GPS drifters, laser rangefinder and drone-imaged fluorescent tracer dye, showed that the speed ranged from 0.1-0.5 m/s, which is fairly slow compared to such measurements undertaken in California and Australia. The effect of rip currents on swimmers was analyzed based on the drag force acting on swimmers and the power they generate to overcome the currents when swimming against them. The drag force and power increase quadratically and cubically, respectively, with the increase of rip current and swimming speeds. Hence, even rip currents of low velocity can be dangerous and swimming against the current should be avoided if possible.
Strong rips in California have been shown to exhibit a circulatory pattern, which could bring a floater back to the safety of a shallow sand bar. Field measurements of rip currents in South Florida clearly defined the flow characteristics of a nearly straight-line current, sometimes deflected to the east-southeast. Therefore, the traditional approach of swimming left or right, parallel to the shore is the best escape strategy, but not against the longshore current if present. A logistic regression analysis was conducted to predict the occurrence of rip currents based on beach conditions. The logistic model showed that wave height, wave period and wind speed were statistically significant factors in rip generation. Rips were found to be most commonly generated by relatively small, non-threatening waves (e.g., 0.6 to 0.9m in height). These physical factors, along with social and safety considerations, pose a significant problem for coastal management.
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Faria, Bruno Gazola de. "Altera??o da qualidade do solo em zona rip?ria sob diferentes usos: potencial de polui??o para um manancial tropical". Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2013. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/14051.
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Previous issue date: 2013-08-23Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico
The demographic growth press environments that are more susceptible to perturbations, like riparian areas, without knowing about the effects of replacing these natural environments by different land uses on soil quality and, consequently, on watershed. The study of soil quality has evolved as an important tool for soil sustainable management of this component of the biosphere that affects aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems functions. Thus, physical and chemical soil proprieties were measured to assess soil quality under different land uses (agricultural, pasture, urban, industrial and natural vegetation,) in the riparian zone of Extremoz Lake, an important human water source, evaluating whether the soil offers potential risk to water pollution. Data were subjected to descriptive statistics and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The results showed negative changes in soil quality such as alkalinization and increase in P, Pb, Mn and Zn contents in most anthropized areas. The sandy texture and low organic matter content in all soils showed the fragility of the soil to erosion and leaching of elements in excess to water bodies, evidencing that this soils has potential to diffuse contaminants. Conservative management of soil is necessary to provide an adequate ecological state in riparian zones of the Extremoz Lake, thus allowing controlling and buffering diffuse sources of pollution to this important water supply source
O crescimento demogr?fico pressiona ambientes intrinsecamente sens?veis frente ?s perturba??es, como as zonas rip?rias de mananciais, sem que se conhe?am os efeitos da substitui??o desses ambientes naturais por diferentes usos na qualidade do solo e, consequentemente, da bacia hidrogr?fica. O estudo da qualidade do solo tem evolu?do como importante ferramenta para o manejo sustent?vel deste componente da biosfera que influencia diretamente e indiretamente no funcionamento de ecossistemas terrestre e aqu?ticos. Assim, a caracteriza??o de atributos f?sicos e qu?micos do solo foi realizada sob diferentes usos (agr?cola, pastagem, urbano, industrial e vegeta??o natural) na zona rip?ria de uma lagoa tropical, um importante manancial de abastecimento, para avaliar a qualidade do solo e sua poss?vel degrada??o, gerando potencial risco de polui??o do manancial. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos ? analise descritiva e ? an?lise de componentes principais (PCA),. Os resultados mostraram altera??es negativas na qualidade do solo como alcaliniza??o e aumento dos teores de P, Pb, Mn e Zn em ?reas mais antropizadas. A substitui??o da vegeta??o natural na zona rip?ria da lagoa por usos antr?picos, aliada ? textura arenosa e ao baixo teor de mat?ria org?nica do solo nessas ?reas, concorrem para a fragilidade do solo frente ? eros?o e ? lixivia??o de nutrientes e metais pesados para os corpos d ?gua, o que d? o potencial desses solos atuarem como intensa fonte difusa de polui??o para o manancial. O monitoramento e pr?ticas de manejo conservacionistas do solo s?o necess?rios para manuten??o de um adequado equil?brio ecol?gico na zona rip?ria da lagoa de Extremoz, permitindo assim o controle e mitiga??o do processo de degrada??o da qualidade da ?gua
45
Öhlin, Anton, e Sebastian Viking. "MPLS kontra traditionell IP-routing : en jämförelse av resursåtgång". Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, fysik och matematik, DFM, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-12813.
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Multi Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) är en routingteknik som blir allt vanligare i dagens nätverk. Vid implementation av MPLS i nätverk är det grundläggande att hårdvaran har tillräckligt hög prestanda för att hantera tekniken. Om så inte är fallet kan det leda till negativa konsekvenser såsom paketförluster eller i värsta fall att routern havererar. Syftet med arbetet var att ta reda på hur processorbelastningen på en router skiljer sig när MPLS var implementerat jämfört med traditionell IP-routing. Routingprotokollen BGP, OSPF och RIP användes tillsammans med de olika routingteknikerna för att se vilket av dessa som krävde minst processorkraft. För att ta reda på hur processorbelastningen påverkades skapades en experimentmiljö. Varje routingprotokoll konfigurerades tillsammans med MPLS respektive traditionell IP-routing, vilket gav oss sex olika scenarion. Trafik skickades sedan genom nätverket med hjälp av applikationen Ostinato för att belasta enheterna. Resultatet av testerna visade att processorbelastningen blev högre för MPLS än för traditionell IP-routing. Det gällde för samtliga routingprotokoll. Det routingprotokoll som tillsammans med MPLS lyckades hålla processorbealstningen lägst var BGP, medans OSPF orsakade högst processorbelastning. Skillnaden mellan routingprotokollen OSPF och RIP var marginell.Multi Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) is a growing routing technology. It is getting more common in today’s modern networks. When implementing MPLS, it is essential that the hardware is capable of handling such technology. If not, this could lead to packet loss or even network outage. The purpose of this study was to examine differences between MPLS and traditional IP-routing in aspect of CPU utilization. Routing protocols BGP, OSPF and RIP were configured together with the technologies in order to see which of the mentioned routing protocols that was the most efficient in terms of CPU utilization. An environment was created for the experiment. Each routing protocol was configured together with MPLS and traditional IP-routing respectively, which lead to a total of six scenarios. Traffic was sent through the network with an application called Ostinato with the purpose of increasing the load of the devices. The results showed higher CPU utilization with MPLS compared to traditional IP-routing. This was the case with each routing protocol. BGP had the lowest CPU utilization of the routing protocols in conjunction with MPLS whilst OSPF had the highest. The result between OSPF and RIP was slightly different.
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McKay, Elizabeth Anne. ""Rip that whole book up - I've changed" : life and work narratives of mental illness". Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2002. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21202.
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Women with enduring mental illness are little considered in research and there is a dearth of occupational therapy literature concerning mental illness, although a third of therapists work in this speciality. This study explored two groups of women within a Scottish context. Phase One involved five women who lived with enduring mental illness, and Phase Two included sixteen occupational therapists who worked in mental health settings with similar women. Qualitative methodology, specifically, life history and focus group interviews, were used to give voice to the women's life and therapists' work experiences. The data from the women's life history interviews was analysed using narrative analysis. This produced a unique, powerful narrative for each illustrating their complex, individualised experiences, allowing insight into and understanding of effects within their lives. This data was then analysed using constant comparative analysis. Six themes portrayed their lives. The findi ngs highlighted the women's experiences as victims and importantly, as agents for themselves and others. Related to their personal agency was the need for future goals and hopes to be recognised and nurtured by health professionals. Furthermore, the significance of the women's experiences along the continuum of motherhood adds to our understanding of the long-term impact of continuing mental illness on women, their children and families. Overall, the women identified that they were experts in their own lives. The focus group material was also subjected to constant comparative analysis. Five themes encapsulated the processes that underpinned therapists' interventions and the inter-dependency of their actions within specific work contexts. Comparison across the two groups of women revealed three common issues: their need for safe environments, their feelings of powerlessness and the importance of being heard. These findings have implications for occupational therapy practice and research specifically as well as conveying important lessons to other professionals.
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Sales, Stephanie Doirado. "Rip curl pro peniche : análise do impacto económico-financeiro, turístico e social no concelho". Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/9981.
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Mestrado em Ciências EmpresariaisNo âmbito da realização anual do evento RipCurl Pro Peniche, torna-se fundamental refletir sobre os efeitos positivos e negativos ao nível económico, financeiro, turístico e social, que a passagem do Campeonato Mundial de Surf tem no concelho de Peniche desde 2009. Foram realizadas entrevistas a diversas entidades locais, desde organizadores do evento a comerciantes locais, utilizando o método de análise qualitativa. Ao nível económico e financeiro, este evento desportivo tem contribuído para um forte desenvolvimento da economia local, uma vez que alavancou a abertura de novos negócios ligados à modalidade de Surf e não só, assim como, para o aumento das entradas de receitas turísticas no concelho de Peniche. Quanto ao nível turístico, permitiu o acelerar do processo de desenvolvimento da modalidade de Surf, e aumentar a procura de visitantes à região. Desta forma a época balnear aumentou, e a sazonalidade sentida nos meses de inverno diminuiu bastante. Do ponto de vista social, teve bastante impacto na vida da população residente, pois desde 2009 o número de praticantes de Surf aumentou exponencialmente, contribuindo para um estilo de vida saudável. Para além disso, o aumento dos negócios existentes na região, permitiu a criação de novos postos de trabalho. No que toca aos efeitos negativos consideram-se irrelevantes quando comparados com as vantagens que o evento trouxe para o concelho de Peniche. A conquista da passagem do Campeonato Mundial por Peniche é um exemplo de sucesso da realização de um evento que contribuiu para o desenvolvimento de uma região.
In scope the annual competition of the Ripcurl Pro Peniche, it is essencial to reflect about the positive and negative impacts on the economic, financial, tourist and social, that the passage of the World Surfing Championship has in Peniche county since 2009. Interviews were conducted at various local entities, from event organizers to the local merchants, using qualitative analysis method. We can say that the economic and financial level, this sporting event has contributed to a strong development of the local economy, once leverage the opening of new business in the Surf sector and beyond, as well as to increase tourism revenue in Peniche county. As for the tourist level allowed the speed of the sport of Surfing development process, and increase demand for visitors to the region. In this way the bathing season increased, and seasonality felt in the winter months has decreased considerably. From the social point of view, it had enough impact on the lives of the resident population, because since 2009 the number of Surf practitioners increased exponentially, contributing to a healthy lifestyle. Furthermore, the increase of existing businesses in the region, allowed the creation of new jobs. As for the negative impacts are considered irrelevant when compared to the benefits that the event brought to the county of Peniche. The conquest of the passage of the World Championship for Peniche is a successful example of the realization of an event that contributed to the development of a region.
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Fallon, Kathleen Michelle. "Rip Current Formation and Beach Safety Implications for Several U.S. Atlantic Coast Beach Areas". FIU Digital Commons, 2017. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3382.
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This dissertation combines seemingly different studies, which work together to describe the physical characteristics of rip current development and associated social implications at several locations. These fast-moving, concentrated flows of water travel offshore and can be found on any beach with sufficient wave action. Any event of increased wave steepness will erode a large quantity of sediment from the beach. The material deposited offshore eventually makes its way back; during this process, ocean water becomes trapped behind a shore-attached bar resulting in a ridge-and-runnel. These formations are seen at East Hampton, where rip-like currents form as concentrated water drains from the runnel through a breach in the ridge. Camera images from 2010-2016 captured ridge-and-runnel formations and the ensuing currents. These newly described rips behave similarly to bar-gaps; however, they are not directly related to wave action. Coastal scientists consider rip currents to be the number one hazard at most beaches. In Palm Beach County, two traditional rip types were studied: bar-gap and structurally-controlled. Lifeguard incident reports from 2011-2016 were used to correlate wind speeds and wave heights to rip related rescues at three beaches. This research was undertaken in an effort to determine under what conditions most beachgoers become caught in this hazard. Rip currents were seen to be the most dangerous to bathers on days with moderate wind and wave activity. The same beach states that lead to the strongest rips also tend to keep beachgoers from entering the ocean. A social survey at Miami Beach, from 2011 to 2012, quantified beachgoer’s rip knowledge and their recognition of hazards. A significant portion of the respondents showed insufficient knowledge, which indicated they are at-risk of being caught or drowning in a rip current. Frequent exposure to the beach, maturation, and residency were identified as the main contributors to one’s literacy whereas education was the only variable that influenced a beachgoer’s visual recognition of hazard. The information gathered by these surveys can aid in creating better rip current awareness campaigns targeted to demographics that were determined as the most at-risk. An understanding of the physical and social science of rip currents can mitigate the impact of these beach hazards.
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Ray, Mridula Kumari. "Long non-coding RNAs interact with PRC1 to impact Polycomb group protein recruitment and expression of Polycomb regulated genes". Thesis, Harvard University, 2013. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:11246.
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Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are increasingly recognized as important regulators of genomic processes and cellular specification. Many lncRNAs regulate chromatin by functionally impacting the epigenetic state through direct interactions with chromatin-modifying proteins. We developed a protocol to enrich for chromatin-lncRNA interactions and used this technique to identify several candidate lncRNAs that interact with the Polycomb group (PcG) proteins. Our immunoprecipitation protocol uses a crosslinked chromatin fraction as the input and employs stringent washes and cross-validation techniques to dramatically decrease mRNA signal (as a metric of transient interactions or false positives), and increase the dynamic range of conventional RNA immunoprecipitation protocols. Applying this protocol to the PRC1 component Bmi1, we have identified 11 PcG-interacting lncRNA candidates whose expression impacts the transcription of many other chromatin factors and PcG targets. We focus on knockdown of one lncRNA candidate, CAT7, which increases expression of several homeobox-containing transcription factors as well as chromatin interacting proteins, including Trithorax group proteins, Jumanji-domain containing proteins, and PcG-like proteins in HeLa cells. Consistent with the observed increase in gene expression, knockdown of CAT7 decreases PcG binding (Suz12, H3K27me3 and Bmi1) at the promoter of the homeodomain protein Mnx1, located at the boundary of an adjacent gene desert. During early motor neuron differentiation from embryonic stem cells, knockdown of CAT7 is accompanied by changes in expression of master regulators of neuronal specification: increased upregulation Mnx1, upregulation of Isl1, and downregulation of Irx3, as well as changes in expression to several other PcG-regulated targets. Overall, this protocol is the first of its kind to efficiently identify de novo interactions between the PcG proteins and lncRNAs which impact PcG binding or PcG target gene expression.
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Strauss, Darrell Richard. "Morphological Modelling of Intermediate Beach State Transitions". Thesis, Griffith University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367253.
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Temporal and spatial changes in nearshore bathymetry result from sediment transport interactions with the hydrodynamic processes and provide a highly variable and rapidly changing environment. Rip currents are one example of a morphody- namic system presenting a significant hazard to swimmers unfamiliar with their behaviour. Rip currents pose a particular threat as they can develop suddenly and quickly transport water offshore.
The widely accepted beach state model of Wright & Short (1984) uses param- eters which are functions of breaking wave height, wave period and sediment (Dean 1973, Gourlay 1968, Guza & Inman 1975) to classify the beach environment into distinct morphological states. These states range from reflective through inter- mediate to dissipative.
Breaking wave type is influenced by the bathymetry as the wave approaches breaking point within the surf-zone and can be classified by the the Iribarren num- ber or surf-similarity parameter (Battjes 1974). Intermediate beach states can be more difficult to assess with these parameters and may even consist of a combination of outer dissipative and inner locally reflective zones.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Griffith School of Environment
Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology
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