Literatura científica selecionada sobre o tema "Sédiments marins – Teneur en composés organiques – Guadeloupe"
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Teses / dissertações sobre o assunto "Sédiments marins – Teneur en composés organiques – Guadeloupe":
Jalaluddin, Noor. "Origine, nature et distribution des hydrocarbures dans des sendiments marins tropicaux (Martinique et Guadeloupe) et équatoriaux (Indonésie)". Aix-Marseille 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992AIX30042.
Coulon, Anaïs. "Rôle des sédiments organiques sur le fonctionnement hydrodynamique des bassins d’infiltration d’eaux pluviales". Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 2012. https://hal-agrocampus-ouest.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01203123.
This study aimed to evaluate the influence of organic sediment deposits on the hydrodynamic functioning of the Cheviré stormwater retention-infiltration basin (44). Physical and chemical characterization of the sediments, underlying soil of the basin, and sediment organic matters were undertaken. Sediments influence on the soil transfer properties were then evaluated by an experiment at the soil column scale and by a numerical simulation at the basin scale. Organic matters of the Cheviré basin had a small degradation capacity, which explained their large concentrations in sediments. These large levels of organic matters favored a large water retention capacity of sediments but led to a decrease of their infiltration capacity. This decrease may be induced on the one hand by a highly hydrophobic behavior of sediments, especially to anthropogenic organic matters such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and on the other hand, by a closure of sediment macroporosity. Conversely, sediment microporosity became increasingly important and favored water retention. Simulations showed that combined effects of (i) the sediments accumulation at the basin soil surface, (ii) the gradual decrease of sediment porosity, and (iii) the increase of sediment hydrophobicity, explained the decrease of the basin infiltration capacity and the increase of the frequency of overflows in the basin during aging
Tranier, Julie. "Modélisation stratigraphique de la distribution et de la préservation de la matière organique en milieu marin profondCas d'une marge à sédimentation pélagique : système d'upwelling côtier du Benguela (Namibie, Afrique du Sud Ouest)". Bordeaux 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BOR13167.
Cauwet, Gustave. "Dynamique de la matière organique dans les milieux marin et polyhalins : son rôle dans les processus géochimiques aux interfaces". Perpignan, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PERP1066.
Pichevin, Laëtitia. "Sédimentation organique profonde sur la marge continentale namibienne (Lüderitz, Atlantique sud-Est) : impacts des variations climatiques sur la paléoproductivité". Bordeaux 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BOR12804.
Pischedda, Laura. "Bioturbation et hétérogénéité de l'oxygène dans les sédiments marins appréendées par une méthode optique de quantification 2D : incidence sur les communautés microbiennes sédimentaires". Aix-Marseille 2, 2009. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/2009Aix22051.pdf.
This work concerns the study of oxygen heterogeneity (spatial and temporal variability) in marine sediments induced by benthic macrofaunal bioturbation activity. For that, planar optodes that enable the mapping of two-dimensional (2D) oxygen distribution and dynamics at high resolution were used. First, a heterogeneity index that allows quantifying the spatial variability from 2D oxygen distribution images was developed and successfully tested with organisms presenting different reworking modes. Since we noticed that burrow builder organisms (i. E. Gallery-diffusors) induced higher sediment oxygen heterogeneity, we thus explored it in detail by recording oxygen distribution and dynamics within a burrow structure of the polychaete Nereis diversicolor. This study underlined strong variations in oxygen concentration on a short temporal scale (min) within the burrow structure and a strong multiscale spatial variability (cm, mm). A third study showed that the bacterial community of the N. Diversicolor burrow structure exhibited higher biodiversity compared with surrounding sediments. This community was also specific of that environment which is unique, notably in terms of biogeochemical characteristics (e. G. Redox oscillations). Finally, in a last work, we wanted to understand the potential interaction of an inorganic contaminant with bioturbation activity and its influence on oxygen fluxes. For that, we tested the impact of a radioactive heavy metal, the uranium (238U), in a bioturbated environment. Despite reworking activities were reduced, the oxygen diffusive fluxes in contaminated sediments were higher (24%) compared with the non contaminated sediments. This study also reflected the degree of complexity generated by interactions between macrofauna, microfauna and that kind of contaminant. These works corroborated the idea that oxygen distribution heterogeneity is intimately linked to bioturbation which, by acting on the bacterial community structure and activity, indirectly influences organic matter oxidation processes
Barnier, Madeleine. "Hydrocarbures et acides gras présents dans les milieux marins "propres" : Méditerranée (site de Port-Cros), région subantarctique (îles Amsterdam et Saint Paul)". Aix-Marseille 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990AIX30038.
Eljammal, Tamim. "Nature et distribution des hydrocarbures et des acides gras dans des sédiments marins oxydes et réduits". Aix-Marseille 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989AIX30034.
Bravo, Mercado Manuel. "Spéciation des composés organostanniques dans les sédiments et matériaux biologiques du littoral chilien par chromatographie en phase gazeuse couplée à la photométrie de flamme pulsée (GC-PFPD)". Pau, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PAUU3027.
In this work the development of an analytic methodology based on "headspace" soild phase microextraction (HS-SPME-GC-PFPD) were carried out. It showed to be efficient, fast and simple for the simultaneous determination of eight organotins. The chemometrical optimisation of extraction allowed to reach instrumental limits of detection more lower than 1 ng (Sn) l-1. During the analysis of some Chilean sediments the unknown signal presence on chromatograms were found. The GC-MS use demonstrated that these signals correspond to sulphur compounds. The application of HS-SPME allowed to solve these problems and it appears as a promising alternative thanks to its high sensitivity and selectivity for the organotin determination by GC-PFPD on the complex samples. For the first time, the tin speciation on environmental samples coming from the Chilean coastal sites was determinated. Only butyltins were determinated (MBT, DBT and TBT). Their concentrations are variable and it depends of sampled sites and their proximity with contamination sources. The determination of the total concentrations of metals and metalloids on more contaminated sites allowed to classify the samples in two groups. Besides, factor analysis evidenced relationships between some elements concentrations and organotin compounds. This result suggests a common anthropogenic source for butyltins, arsenic and copper, chemicals species used in antifouling paints
Gomez, Hernandez Maria Elena. "Rôle des sédiments dans l'eutrophisation d'une lagune littorale Méditerranéenne (étang du Méjean-Hérault) : échanges du phosphate entre le sédiment et l'eau en fonction des conditions environnementales". Montpellier 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON13520.