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Artigos de revistas sobre o tema "Sex differences in education Australia"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 4 de junho de 2021

Última modificação: 29 de janeiro de 2023

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1

Hattie, John, and Donald Fitzgerald. "Sex Differences in Attitudes, Achievement and Use of Computers." Australian Journal of Education 31, no. 1 (April 1987): 3–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000494418703100101.

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While there is much literature suggesting reasons why there are differences between males and females with respect to computer usage, achievement and attitudes, there is a paucity of empirical research. This study discusses a meta-analysis or synthesis of empirical studies and finds small differences in attitude and no differences in achievement between males and females. Two Australian studies are then reported. One study investigated differences between male and female students, parents, and teachers in 32 schools that have been involved with computers for some time. The second study was bas

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Lamb, Stephen. "Completing School in Australia: Trends in the 1990s." Australian Journal of Education 42, no. 1 (April 1998): 5–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000494419804200102.

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AFTER a period of dramatic growth in school completion in Australia, rates of school retention have begun to decline. At its peak in 1992 the national rate of retention to Year 12 was approximately 77 per cent. By 1995 the rate had fallen to 72 per cent. The aim of this paper is to document state, system, and social differences in the recent downturn in school completion rates in Australia. Data from the Australian Bureau of Statistics and from the Australian Youth Survey are used to look at patterns across states, school systems, geographical locations, social backgrounds, and by sex. The res

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Zabuska, Anna, Jane Ginsborg, and David Wasley. "A preliminary comparison study of burnout and engagement in performance students in Australia, Poland and the UK." International Journal of Music Education 36, no. 3 (January 19, 2018): 366–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0255761417751242.

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While there is a growing body of research concerning the well-being of music students, burnout and engagement remain largely unexplored. Likewise, cross-national variations in approaches to music education, and different educational experiences of men and women may influence burnout and engagement. This preliminary study aimed to inform further research by establishing the levels of, and exploring cross-national and sex differences in burnout and engagement in music performance students at conservatoires in Australia, Poland and the UK ( n = 331). Self-reported levels of burnout were, typicall

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Harris, Mary B. "Coeducation and Sex Roles." Australian Journal of Education 30, no. 2 (August 1986): 117–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000494418603000202.

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In order to test conflicting hypotheses about the effects of coeducational versus single-sex schooling, 538 first-term Australian university students who had attended single sex or coeducational high schools were compared on a number of variables relating to sex roles. Those from the two types of schools did not differ significantly on the Australian Sex Roles Inventory or on a measure of nontraditional attitudes towards sex roles, although males and females differed in predictable ways. Most subjects, particularly those from coeducational schools, felt that coeducational schools are preferabl

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Simpson, Steve, Christine Clifford, Kaz Ross, Neil Sefton, Louise Owen, Leigh Blizzard, and Richard Turner. "Sexual health literacy of the student population of the University of Tasmania: results of the RUSSL Study." Sexual Health 12, no. 3 (2015): 207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh14223.

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Background Evidence suggests a varied level of sexual health literacy (SHL) among university student populations, so we evaluated the SHL among students at the University of Tasmania. Methods: Students were invited to complete an anonymous online questionnaire during August/September 2013. SHL was assessed using the ARCSHS National Survey of Australian Secondary Students & Sexual Health (ARC) and the Sexual Health Questionnaire (SHS). Predictors of literacy scores were evaluated by linear regression. Results: The study recruited 1786 participants (8.2% of 2013 student population), of simil

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Foster, Rosalind, Lynne McCormack, Caroline Thng, Handan Wand, and Anna McNulty. "Cross-sectional survey of Chinese-speaking and Thai-speaking female sex workers in Sydney, Australia: factors associated with consistent condom use." Sexual Health 15, no. 5 (2018): 389. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh17205.

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Background Previous studies have described inconsistent condom use in Chinese- and Thai-speaking female sex workers in Sydney, Australia. In the present study, we describe the demographics and safe sexual practices in the Chinese- and Thai-speaking female sex workers attending the Sydney Sexual Health Centre (SSHC) in 2014–15. Methods: A self-completed 60-item anonymous questionnaire, adapted from previous surveys conducted in 1993 and 2003, was translated into Chinese and Thai and administered to female sex workers attending the SSHC or seen on outreach. Results: In all, 488 surveys were dist

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Bird, Philippa K., Kate E. Pickett, Hilary Graham, Tomas Faresjö, Vincent W. V. Jaddoe, Johnny Ludvigsson, Hein Raat, Louise Seguin, Anne I. Wijtzes, and Jennifer J. McGrath. "Income inequality and social gradients in children’s height: a comparison of cohort studies from five high-income countries." BMJ Paediatrics Open 3, no. 1 (November 2019): e000568. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjpo-2019-000568.

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BackgroundHealth and well-being are better, on average, in countries that are more equal, but less is known about how this benefit is distributed across society. Height is a widely used, objective indicator of child health and predictor of lifelong well-being. We compared the level and slope of social gradients in children’s height in high-income countries with different levels of income inequality, in order to investigate whether children growing up in all socioeconomic circumstances are healthier in more equal countries.MethodsWe conducted a coordinated analysis of data from five cohort stud

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Goodman, Samantha, Gabriela C. Armendariz, Adele Corkum, Laura Arellano, Alejandra Jáuregui, Matthew Keeble, Josephine Marshall, et al. "Recall of government healthy eating campaigns by consumers in five countries." Public Health Nutrition 24, no. 13 (April 12, 2021): 3986–4000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980021001415.

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AbstractObjective:To examine awareness and recall of healthy eating public education campaigns in five countries.Design:Data were cross-sectional and collected as part of the 2018 International Food Policy Study. Respondents were asked whether they had seen government healthy eating campaigns in the past year; if yes (awareness), they were asked to describe the campaign. Open-ended descriptions were coded to indicate recall of specific campaigns. Logistic models regressed awareness of healthy eating campaigns on participant country, age, sex, ethnicity, education, income adequacy and BMI. Anal

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Rosier, Malcolm J. "Results from the second international science study: Some sex differences for Australian 14-year-old students." Research in Science Education 18, no. 1 (December 1988): 205–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02356596.

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Jackson, Caroline A., Cathie L. M. Sudlow, and Gita D. Mishra. "Education, sex and risk of stroke: a prospective cohort study in New South Wales, Australia." BMJ Open 8, no. 9 (September 2018): e024070. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-024070.

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ObjectiveTo determine whether the association between highest educational attainment and stroke differed by sex and age; and whether potential mediators of observed associations differ by sex.DesignProspective cohort study.SettingPopulation based, New South Wales, Australia.Participants253 657 stroke-free participants from the New South Wales 45 and Up Study.Outcome measuresFirst-ever stroke events, identified through linkage to hospital and mortality records.ResultsDuring mean follow-up of 4.7 years, 2031 and 1528 strokes occurred among men and women, respectively. Age-standardised stroke rat

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Mindel, A., C. Marks, R. Tideman, J. Taylor, C. Seifert, G. Berry, B. Trudinger, and A. Cunningham. "Sexual behaviour and social class in Australian women." International Journal of STD & AIDS 14, no. 5 (May 1, 2003): 344–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/095646203321605567.

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Sexual behaviour is determined by social, cultural and personal factors. Sexual behaviour studies have been conducted in many countries. However, information from Australia is limited. This study was conducted in Obstetrics Department, Westmead Hospital, Sydney. Questionnaire-derived demographic and behavioural characteristics for public and private patients were compared using bivariate and logistic regression analyses. Of the patients, 3036 were public, and 595 private. On bivariate analysis some significant differences were private patients more likely to be born in Australia and have a hig

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Rowe, Kenneth J. "Single-Sex and Mixed-Sex Classes: The Effects of Class Type on Student Achievement, Confidence and Participation in Mathematics." Australian Journal of Education 32, no. 2 (August 1988): 180–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000494418803200204.

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Among the intervention strategies designed to increase the participation and achievement of girls in mathematics and science education, the establishment of single-sex classes in Australian coeducational postprimary schools seems to be growing faster than the substantive evidence to justify it. This paper reports the findings from the first three stages of a longitudinal case study designed to examine the effects of single-sex and mixed-sex classes on student achievement, confidence and participation in mathematics, at a large Victorian postprimary school. Despite some limitations in the data,

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Spencer, Nicholas James, Johnny Ludvigsson, Guannan Bai, Lise Gauvin, Susan A. Clifford, Yara Abu Awad, Jeremy D. Goldhaber-Fiebert, et al. "Social gradients in ADHD by household income and maternal education exposure during early childhood: Findings from birth cohort studies across six countries." PLOS ONE 17, no. 3 (March 16, 2022): e0264709. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0264709.

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Objective This study aimed to examine social gradients in ADHD during late childhood (age 9–11 years) using absolute and relative relationships with socioeconomic status exposure (household income, maternal education) during early childhood (<5 years) in seven cohorts from six industrialised countries (UK, Australia, Canada, The Netherlands, USA, Sweden). Methods Secondary analyses were conducted for each birth cohort. Risk ratios, pooled risk estimates, and absolute inequality, measured by the Slope Index of Inequality (SII), were estimated to quantify social gradients in ADHD during late

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Russell, Alan, Craig H. Hart, Clyde C. Robinson, and Susanne F. Olsen. "Children's sociable and aggressive behaviour with peers: A comparison of the US and Australia, and contributions of temperament and parenting styles." International Journal of Behavioral Development 27, no. 1 (January 2003): 74–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01650250244000038.

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Links between both temperament and parenting, and children's sociable and aggressive behaviour with peers (physical and relational), were examined. The research was undertaken in two Western cultures (the United States and Australia) assumed to be similar in socialisation practices and emphases. The moderating effects of parent sex and child sex were also examined. Parents completed questionnaires on parenting styles and child temperament. Preschool teachers rated children's aggressive and sociable behaviour. US children were rated higher on both types of aggression by teachers and on sociabil

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Cummins, Phyllis, Takashi Yamashita, and Christopher Phillipson. "DISPARITIES IN HUMAN CAPITAL INVESTMENT OVER THE GENDERED LIFE COURSE: AN INTERNATIONAL COMPARISON." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S3—S4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.009.

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Abstract Income disparities by gender are a persistent problem throughout the world. These disparities place women at risk for economic insecurity both while working and in retirement. Education and continued skill upgrading are key to reducing income disparities, but it is well documented that both older men and women are less likely to participate in adult education and training (AET) than their younger counterparts. In this symposium we present gender and age-based differences in AET in Australia, Canada, England/Northern Ireland and the United States. Also, given the increasing use of tech

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Fitzsimmons, Terrance W., Miriam S. Yates, and Victor J. Callan. "Lean in? The role of single sex schools in the gendering of confidence in high school adolescents." Australian Journal of Career Development 30, no. 2 (July 2021): 139–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10384162211012045.

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Structural inequalities and stereotypes are held out as explanations for gender differences in reported levels of confidence. However, while it is reported that in the absence of stereotypes women and men should possess identical levels of self-confidence, no study to date has tested this hypothesis. Single sex schools were identified as an environment where structural bias might be mitigated. From a survey of 9,414 Australian adolescents aged 13–17 years attending single sex high schools, no significant difference in overall self-efficacy was identified between genders. Overall, by age cohort

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de Visser, Richard O., Paul B. Badcock, Judy M. Simpson, Andrew E. Grulich, Anthony M. A. Smith, Juliet Richters, and Chris Rissel. "Attitudes toward sex and relationships: the Second Australian Study of Health and Relationships." Sexual Health 11, no. 5 (2014): 397. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh14099.

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Background Attitudes towards sex and relationships influence laws about what is and is not permissible and social sanctions against behaviours considered unacceptable. They are an important focus for research given their links to sexual behaviour. The aim of the present study was to describe attitudes towards sex and relationships, to identify correlates of scores on a scale of sexual liberalism and to examine responses to jealousy-evoking scenarios among Australian adults. Methods: Computer-assisted landline and mobile telephone interviews were completed by a population-representative sample

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Walton, Merrilyn, Patrick J. Kelly, E. Mary Chiarella, Terry Carney, Belinda Bennett, Marie Nagy, and Suzanne Pierce. "Profile of the most common complaints for five health professions in Australia." Australian Health Review 44, no. 1 (2020): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah18074.

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Objective The aims of this study were to profile the most common complaints and to examine whether any demographic factors are associated with receiving a complaint for five health professions in Australia. Methods A national cohort study was conducted for all complaints received for medicine, nursing/midwifery, dentistry, pharmacy and psychology from 1 July 2012 to 31 December 2013 (18 months). Data were collected from the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (AHPRA), the New South Wales (NSW) Health Professional Councils’ Authority and the NSW Health Care Complaints Commission. T

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Boldy, Duncan P., Caroline Yates, and Teresa A. Ong. "The role of health professionals in health promotion: a case study of medical imaging technologists and alcohol." Australian Health Review 34, no. 1 (2010): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah09658.

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This study aimed to determine the knowledge, attitudes and behaviour of medical imaging technologists (MITs) in Western Australia regarding alcohol. The WA population of 220 MIT members of the Australian Institute of Radiography was surveyed by mail in 2004. Specific questions were devised and piloted covering knowledge of alcohol, alcoholic content and drink size, and related personal behaviour. Responses were obtained from 91 MITs. Overall, they had a good knowledge of key facts related to alcohol. However, this did not always translate into appropriate attitudes and behaviour related to dea

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Mahmood, M. Afzal, Anna E. Bauze, Justin T. Lokhorst, Peng Bi, and Arthur Saniotis. "Influence of living arrangements on health services utilisation in Australia." Australian Health Review 36, no. 1 (2012): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah10920.

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Background. The number of people living alone is increasing markedly. Others live as couples only, couples with child(ren) and single adult with child(ren). Health service utilisation could differ for people in different living arrangements as a result of varying levels of risk factors, health status, access to informal care and decision-making for accessing care. Objective. To identify the association between living arrangements and health service use. Methods. The Australian Bureau of Statistics’ National Health Survey 2001 data for people 18–65 years old were analysed for household composit

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Deroover, Kristine, Tamara Bucher, Corneel Vandelanotte, Hein de Vries, and Mitch J. Duncan. "Practical Nutrition Knowledge Mediates the Relationship Between Sociodemographic Characteristics and Diet Quality in Adults: A Cross-Sectional Analysis." American Journal of Health Promotion 34, no. 1 (October 2, 2019): 59–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0890117119878074.

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Purpose: To investigate the direct and indirect effects of sociodemographic/health factors on diet quality through practical nutrition knowledge (PNK) about how to compose a balanced meal. Design: A cross-sectional study using data from an online survey of the 10 000 Steps cohort (data collected November-December 2016). Setting: Australia. Participants: Adults (n = 8161). Response rate was 16.7%. Measures: Self-reported lifestyle, health, and sociodemographic characteristics, including diet quality and PNK. Analysis: The PROCESS macro for SPSS was used to conduct the mediation analyses. Result

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Slee, Phillip T., and Darryl G. Gross. "Children's and Adolescents' Fears and the Threat of Nuclear War: an Australian Study." Children Australia 13, no. 1 (1988): 15–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0312897000001764.

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As adults, it is tempting to dismiss children's fears of such things as animals, the supernatural and physical events as vivid aspects of their imagination and to reassure ourselves that such fears are relatively minor or of limited concern. To this extent adults fail to realise children's fears reflect something of their understanding of the world and their place in it. To date, there has been very little research conducted in Australia on the nature and extent of children's fears. However, research conducted in the United States and Europe has identified a number of features of fears includi

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Enticott, Joanne, Jaskirath Singh Gill, Simon L. Bacon, Kim L. Lavoie, Daniel S. Epstein, Shrinkhala Dawadi, Helena J. Teede, and Jacqueline Boyle. "Attitudes towards vaccines and intention to vaccinate against COVID-19: a cross-sectional analysis—implications for public health communications in Australia." BMJ Open 12, no. 1 (January 2022): e057127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-057127.

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ObjectiveTo examine SARS-CoV-2 vaccine confidence, attitudes and intentions in Australian adults as part of the iCARE Study.Design and settingCross-sectional online survey conducted when free COVID-19 vaccinations first became available in Australia in February 2021.ParticipantsTotal of 1166 Australians from general population aged 18–90 years (mean 52, SD of 19).Main outcome measuresPrimary outcome: responses to question ‘If a vaccine for COVID-19 were available today, what is the likelihood that you would get vaccinated?’.Secondary outcome: analyses of putative drivers of uptake, including v

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Temple-Smith, Meredith, Sandra Gifford, and Mark StoovÚ. "The lived experience of men and women with hepatitis C: implications for support needs and health information." Australian Health Review 27, no. 2 (2004): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah042720046.

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Meredith Temple-Smith is a Senior Research Fellow in the Australian Research Centre in Sex, Health and Society, La Trobe University.Sandra Gifford is Professor of Public Health and Director of the Refugee Health Research Centre, La Trobe University.Mark Stoov� is a Lecturer in the School of Health Sciences, Deakin University.Hepatitis C is Australia's most commonly notified infectious disease. Health education and support strategies that are gender-specific are key components of effective management of chronic illness, yet almost no information exists about gender-specific needs of those with

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Spendlove, Jessica K., Susan E. Heaney, Janelle A. Gifford, Tania Prvan, Gareth S. Denyer, and Helen T. O'Connor. "Evaluation of general nutrition knowledge in elite Australian athletes." British Journal of Nutrition 107, no. 12 (October 10, 2011): 1871–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114511005125.

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The aim of the present study was to investigate and benchmark the level of general nutrition knowledge in elite Australian athletes (EA) against a similar aged community (CM) and criterion sample with dietetic training (DT). EA (n175), CM (n116) and DT (n53) completed the General Nutrition Knowledge Questionnaire (GNKQ), which assesses four domains (sections A–D) of general nutrition knowledge (section A: dietary guidelines; section B: sources of nutrients; section C: choosing everyday foods; section D: diet–disease relationships). Age, sex and education level were collected in all groups, and

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Blum, Andreas, Christian Ingvar, Michelle Avramidis, Andreas von Kannen, Scott W. Menzies, Håkan Olsson, Gisele G. Rezze, Ann-Marie Wennberg, and Karin Westerhoff. "Time to Diagnosis of Melanoma: Same Trend in Different Continents." Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery 11, no. 4 (July 2007): 137–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2310/7750.2007.00023.

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Background: Patients and physicians both play an important role in the diagnosis of malignant melanoma. Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess important factors of delay in diagnosis at different centers and on three continents. Methods: Between October 2001 and October 2002, patients with histologically confirmed invasive melanoma were included in the study and given an established questionnaire. Recorded patients and tumor characteristics included age, sex, anatomic location, Breslow thickness, patients' awareness of the lesion and time with suspicion, and physicians' time (delay

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Hendriks, Jacqueline, Sue Fyfe, Dorota A. Doherty, Angela Jacques, Irene Styles, Martha Hickey, and S. Rachel Skinner. "Attitudes towards abortion in male and female adolescents with diverse sexual and pregnancy experiences: a cross-sectional study." Sexual Health 17, no. 1 (2020): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh19084.

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Background Research focused on adolescents’ attitudes towards abortion is limited, and validated scales are not routinely used. A greater understanding of adolescents’ attitudes towards abortion could better inform the sexuality education strategies targeted at this age group. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was completed by 1470 adolescents (437 males, 1033 females) aged 12–19 years and living in Perth, Australia. Participants were recruited from secondary schools, antenatal clinics and termination clinics to capture varying experiences of sexual activity and pregnancy. Survey items investi

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Lawes, Jasmin C., Amy E. Peden, Lyndal Bugeja, Luke Strasiotto, Shane Daw, and Richard C. Franklin. "Suicide along the Australian coast: Exploring the epidemiology and risk factors." PLOS ONE 16, no. 5 (May 20, 2021): e0251938. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251938.

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Suicide is an increasing global concern with multiple risk factors, yet location-based understanding is limited. In Australia, surf lifesavers (SLS) and lifeguards patrol the coast, performing rescues and assisting injured people, including people who suicide. This study is a descriptive epidemiological analysis of Australian coastal suicide deaths. The results will be used to inform training and support surf lifesaving personnel and suicide prevention organisations. This is a population-based cross-sectional study of suicide deaths at Australian coastal locations (between 1 January 2005 and 3

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Butow, Phyllis Noemi, Lynley Aldridge, Melanie Bell, Ming Sze, Maurice Eisenbruch, Madeleine King, Michael Jefford, Penelope Schofield, Priya Duggal-Beri, and David Goldstein. "Cancer survivorship outcomes in immigrants." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2012): 6111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.15_suppl.6111.

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6111 Background: Immigration is increasing world-wide. Cancer survivorship is now recognised as a period of difficult adjustment for all patients, and possibly more so for immigrants. We explored disparities in quality of life outcomes for immigrant (IM) versus Anglo-Australian (AA) cancer survivors. Methods: In a cross-sectional design, cancer survivors were recruited through the New South Wales, Queensland and Victorian Cancer Registries in Australia. IM participants, their parents and grandparents were born in a country where Chinese, Greek, or Arabic is spoken and spoke one of those langua

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Milton, Alyssa Clare, Tracey A. Davenport, Frank Iorfino, Anna Flego, Jane M. Burns, and Ian B. Hickie. "Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors and Their Associations With Transitional Life Events in Men and Women: Findings From an International Web-Based Sample." JMIR Mental Health 7, no. 9 (September 11, 2020): e18383. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/18383.

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Background Although numerous studies have demonstrated sex differences in the prevalence of suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STB), there is a clear lack of research examining the similarities and differences between men and women in terms of the relationship between STB, transitional life events, and the coping strategies employed after experiencing such events when they are perceived as stressful. Objective This study aims to examine the differences between men’s and women’s experiences of STB, sociodemographic predictors of STB, and how coping responses after experiencing a stressful transit

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Riley, R. H., D. H. Wilks, and J. A. Freeman. "Anaesthetists’ Attitudes towards an Anaesthesia Simulator. A Comparative Survey: U.S.A. and Australia." Anaesthesia and Intensive Care 25, no. 5 (October 1997): 514–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0310057x9702500510.

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Anaesthesia simulation has been suggested as a method to enhance the training of clinicians without exposing patient to risk. Recently, two anaesthesia simulators have become commercially available in the U.S.A. Attitudes towards anaesthesia simulators have not been previously surveyed. With institutional approval, a survey questionnaire was given to 1. all clinical staff of the Department of Anesthesiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center; and 2. all anaesthetists attending the Annual General Meeting of the Australian Society of Anaesthetists. An information sheet containing details a

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Ifediora, Chris O. "Online Medical Education for Doctors: Identifying Potential Gaps to the Traditional, Face-to-Face Modality." Journal of Medical Education and Curricular Development 6 (January 2019): 238212051982791. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2382120519827912.

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Background: Online education options increasingly complement traditional face-to-face (F2F) approaches. Few studies have compared both formats on doctors, and little evidence exists to prove that the online approach is universally effective. This gap needs to be addressed to ensure that the quality of education and health care delivery is not compromised. Methods: A quantitative survey targeting 881 doctors that required online and F2F teaching sessions offers identical contents over a 12-month period. The surveyed doctors work in the Australian after-hours house-call (AHHC) industry, and the

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O’Donnell, Maryanne, Scott B. Teasdale, Xin-Yi Chua, Jamie Hardman, Nan Wu, Jackie Curtis, Katherine Samaras, et al. "The Role of the Microbiome in the Metabolic Health of People with Schizophrenia and Related Psychoses: Cross-Sectional and Pre-Post Lifestyle Intervention Analyses." Pathogens 11, no. 11 (November 1, 2022): 1279. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11111279.

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The microbiome has been implicated in the development of metabolic conditions which occur at high rates in people with schizophrenia and related psychoses. This exploratory proof-of-concept study aimed to: (i) characterize the gut microbiota in antipsychotic naïve or quasi-naïve people with first-episode psychosis, and people with established schizophrenia receiving clozapine therapy; (ii) test for microbiome changes following a lifestyle intervention which included diet and exercise education and physical activity. Participants were recruited from the Eastern Suburbs Mental Health Service, Sy

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Swann, Olivia G., Monique Breslin, Michelle Kilpatrick, Therese A. O’Sullivan, and Wendy H. Oddy. "Differences in dietary fibre intake and associated familial factors in a longitudinal study at two time points across adolescence." Public Health Nutrition 23, no. 14 (December 6, 2019): 2539–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980019003446.

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AbstractObjective:Dietary fibre is essential for a healthy diet; however, intake is often inadequate. Understanding of sources of dietary fibre and familial factors associated with intake in adolescents is limited, hampering efforts to increase intake. We aimed to determine adequacy of dietary fibre intake in adolescents, examine how intake changes from mid to late adolescence, identify major food sources and explore associations with familial factors.Design:Dietary fibre intake measured with semi-quantitative FFQ and sources calculated with the AUSNUT database. Familial factors determined by

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Butler, Tony, Gavin Andrews, Stephen Allnutt, Chika Sakashita, Nadine E. Smith, and John Basson. "Mental Disorders in Australian Prisoners: a Comparison with a Community Sample." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 40, no. 3 (March 2006): 272–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/j.1440-1614.2006.01785.x.

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Background: The plight of those with mental health problems and the possible role of prisons in “warehousing” these individuals has received considerable media and political attention. Prisoners are generally excluded from community-based surveys and to date no studies have compared prisoners to the community. Objective: The objective was to examine whether excess psychiatric morbidity exists in prisoners compared to the general community after adjusting for demographics. Method: Prison data were obtained from a consecutive sample of reception prisoners admitted into the state's correctional s

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Browne, Jan, Victor Minichiello, and David Plummer. "Guided reflection: transcending a routine approach in the management of sexually transmissible infections." International Journal of STD & AIDS 13, no. 9 (September 1, 2002): 624–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/09564620260216335.

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This paper describes a distinctive approach to the sexually transmissible infections (STI) clinical consultation: 'the guided reflection approach'. The authors coined this term and identified the guided reflection approach through analysis of 22 in-depth interviews with practitioners who provide care for people with STI, and 34 people who had attended a healthcare facility in Australia for screening or treatment of an STI. A grounded theory method was used to collect and analyse this information. The data revealed when the STI consultation is conducted using the principles characterized by the

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Corscadden, L., E. J. Callander, and S. M. Topp. "Disparities in access to health care in Australia for people with mental health conditions." Australian Health Review 43, no. 6 (2019): 619. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah17259.

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Objective One aim of Australia’s Equally Well National Consensus Statement is to improve monitoring of the physical health of people with mental health conditions, which includes measures of accessibility and people’s experiences of physical health care services. The present analysis contributes to this aim by using population survey data to evaluate whether, and in what domains, Australians with a mental health condition experience barriers in accessing care when compared with Australians without a mental health condition. Methods The 2016 Commonwealth Fund International Health Policy Survey

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Ganchar, Alexey, Oleg Chernyavsky, Serhii Medynskyi, and Ivan Ganchar. "ESTIMATION OF SKILLS FORMATION OF SWIMMING AMONG THE STRONGEST SWIMMERS-STUDENTS AT THE XXX WORLD UNIVERSIADE IN NAPLES-2019." Science and Education 2019, no. 4 (April 2019): 40–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.24195/2414-4665-2019-4-5.

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In this article the dynamics of the rating of command performances of strongest swimmers-students according to the results of receiving prize-winning among men and women, participants-winners of the final Universiade in Naples-2019. Swimmers-winners, who won gold medals for men (900 points) and women (881) in “points” equivalent almost indistinguishable (19 points). We determine the ranking of team performance of different countries in the representatives of different sex in the distances of sports swimming according to the results of winning the medals at the start of XXX World Universiade in

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Цигулева, Олеся Владимировна, and Светлана Ивановна Поздеева. "TRANSNATIONAL EDUCATIONAL MOBILITY IN HIGHER EDUCATION: AN INTERNATIONAL REVIEW." Pedagogical Review, no. 6(40) (December 8, 2021): 140–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.23951/2307-6127-2021-6-140-145.

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Анализируется опыт зарубежной высшей школы в формировании транснациональной образовательной мобильности. Представлены эмпирические результаты исследований зарубежных ученых, занимающихся данной проблематикой. На примере Великобритании, США, Китая, Австралии и стран Западной Европы показана роль образовательной мобильности в формировании транснационального человеческого и культурного капитала, влияние образовательной мобильности на проектирование индивидуального образовательного и карьерного маршрута человека. Транснациональная образовательная мобильность рассматривается в контексте формировани

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Mathews, Paul W., Cathy Owen, Wayne Ramsey, Gerry Corrigan, Mark Bassett, and Johannes Wenzel. "Assessment of a peer review process among interns at an Australian hospital." Australian Health Review 34, no. 4 (2010): 499. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah09838.

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Purpose. This study considered how a peer review process could work in an Australian public hospital setting. Method. Up to 229 medical personnel completed an online performance assessment of 52 Junior Medical Officers (JMOs) during the last quarter of 2008. Results. Results indicated that the registrar was the most suitable person to assess interns, although other professionals, including interns themselves, were identified as capable of playing a role in a more holistic appraisal system. Significant sex differences were also found, which may be worthy of further study. Also, the affirmative

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Stocks, Nigel P., Heather McElroy, Philip Ryan, and James Allan. "Statin prescribing in Australia: socioeconomic and sex differences." Medical Journal of Australia 180, no. 5 (March 2004): 229–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.2004.tb05891.x.

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Foley, Debra L., Katherine I. Morley, Pamela A. F. Madden, Andrew C. Heath, John B. Whitfield, and Nicholas G. Martin. "Major Depression and the Metabolic Syndrome." Twin Research and Human Genetics 13, no. 4 (August 1, 2010): 347–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/twin.13.4.347.

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AbstractThe aim of this study is to characterize the relationship between major depression and the metabolic syndrome in a large community based sample of Australian men and women aged 26–90 years. A lifetime history of major depression was assessed by telephone interview following the DSM–III-R. A current history of metabolic syndrome was assessed following the United States National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP AP-III) guidelines 1 to 3 years later. Logistic regression was used to estimate the association between depression and the metabolic syndrome, and its

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Brown, Gwen. "Taking sex differences seriously." Academic Questions 18, no. 2 (June 2005): 85–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12129-005-1009-x.

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Caldwell, Tanya M., and Anthony F. Jorm. "Mental Health Nurses' Beliefs About Interventions for Schizophrenia and Depression: A Comparison with Psychiatrists and the Public." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 34, no. 4 (August 2000): 602–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/j.1440-1614.2000.00750.x.

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Objective: The main objective of this paper was to investigate and compare mental health nurses' beliefs about interventions for schizophrenia and depression with those of psychiatrists and the public. Factors affecting nurses' beliefs were also investigated. Method: This research used methods employed in previous surveys of professional and public beliefs. A postal survey of 673 Australian mental health nurses was carried out. The survey was comprised of a vignette describing a person with either depression or schizophrenia. Participants rated whether particular medical, psychological and lif

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Fitzgerald, Robin, Paul Mazerolle, Alex R. Piquero, and Donna L. Ansara. "Exploring Sex Differences among Sentenced Juvenile Offenders in Australia." Justice Quarterly 29, no. 3 (June 2012): 420–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07418825.2011.565361.

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KENNEDY, Amber, Beverley VOLLENHOVEN, Richard HISCOCK, Catharyn STERN, Susan WALKER, Jeanie CHEONG, Jon QUACH, et al. "School Age Developmental Outcomes of Children Conceived by IVF Compared with Controls: A Population Linkage Study." Fertility & Reproduction 04, no. 03n04 (September 2022): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2661318222740498.

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Background: There has been increasing interest in assessing longer term developmental and health outcomes in IVF-conceived offspring compared with those born after natural conception. So far, the findings have been conflicting. The Australian Early Developmental Consensus (AEDC) assesses children in their first year of primary school across five domains; physical health and wellbeing, social competence, emotional maturity, language and cognitive skills, and communication skills and general knowledge. Aim: To compare school entry (5-7 years of age) outcomes in IVF-conceived children in Victoria

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Sutherland, Margaret B. "Sex Differences in Education: an overview." Comparative Education 23, no. 1 (January 1987): 5–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0305006870230102.

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Breslav, G. M., and B. I. Khasan. "Sex Differences and School Education Today." Russian Education & Society 35, no. 8 (August 1993): 76–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2753/res1060-9393350876.

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Ohtsuka, Keis, Eric Bruton, Louisa Deluca, and Victoria Borg. "Sex Differences in Pathological Gambling Using Gaming Machines." Psychological Reports 80, no. 3 (June 1997): 1051–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1997.80.3.1051.

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With recent introduction of poker machines in Australia, there have been claims of increases in the number of women with gambling-related problems. Research in the United States indicates, however, that men have a higher incidence of pathological gambling. The aims of this study were to ascertain among game machine users in a major city in Australia whether (a) more women than men exhibited symptoms of pathological gambling, (b) women reported higher guilt associated with their gambling, and (c) gamblers' self-assessment on several mood states was predictive of pathological gambling. A modifie

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Kennedy, Amber L., Beverley J. Vollenhoven, Richard J. Hiscock, Catharyn J. Stern, Susan P. Walker, Jeanie L. Y. Cheong, Jon L. Quach, et al. "School-age outcomes among IVF-conceived children: A population-wide cohort study." PLOS Medicine 20, no. 1 (January 24, 2023): e1004148. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1004148.

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Background In vitro fertilisation (IVF) is a common mode of conception. Understanding the long-term implications for these children is important. The aim of this study was to determine the causal effect of IVF conception on primary school-age childhood developmental and educational outcomes, compared with outcomes following spontaneous conception. Methods and findings Causal inference methods were used to analyse observational data in a way that emulates a target randomised clinical trial. The study cohort comprised statewide linked maternal and childhood administrative data. Participants incl

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