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Choi, Junho. "Graph Embedding-Based Domain-Specific Knowledge Graph Expansion Using Research Literature Summary." Sustainability 14, no. 19 (2022): 12299. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141912299.
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Knowledge bases built in the knowledge processing field have a problem in that experts have to add rules or update them through modifications. To solve this problem, research has been conducted on knowledge graph expansion methods using deep learning technology, and in recent years, many studies have been conducted on methods of generating knowledge bases by embedding the knowledge graph’s triple information in a continuous vector space. In this paper, using a research literature summary, we propose a domain-specific knowledge graph expansion method based on graph embedding. To this end, we perform pre-processing and process and text summarization with the collected research literature data. Furthermore, we propose a method of generating a knowledge graph by extracting the entity and relation information and a method of expanding the knowledge graph using web data. To this end, we summarize research literature using the Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers for Summarization (BERTSUM) model based on domain-specific research literature data and design a Research-BERT (RE-BERT) model that extracts entities and relation information, which are components of the knowledge graph, from the summarized research literature. Moreover, we proposed a method of expanding related entities based on Google news after extracting related entities through the web for the entities in the generated knowledge graph. In the experiment, we measured the performance of summarizing research literature using the BERTSUM model and the accuracy of the knowledge graph relation extraction model. In the experiment of removing unnecessary sentences from the research literature text and summarizing them in key sentences, the result shows that the BERTSUM Classifier model’s ROUGE-1 precision is 57.86%. The knowledge graph extraction performance was measured using the mean reciprocal rank (MRR), mean rank (MR), and HIT@N rank-based evaluation metric. The knowledge graph extraction method using summarized text showed superior performance in terms of speed and knowledge graph quality.
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Filipenko, N., O. Uhrovetskyi, and O. Sharapova. "THEORETICAL BASES OF EXPERT PREVENTION: CONCEPT AND TASKS." Theory and Practice of Forensic Science and Criminalistics 20, no. 2 (2019): 151–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.32353/khrife.2.2019.11.
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The article analyzes conceptual foundations, views and ideas concerning the essence of expert prevention. The relationship between the concepts of «prevention» and «prevention», which is in contact with each other, is investigated, because one of the main problems of the criminal investigation of the phenomenon of expert prevention is the ambiguity of both scientific understanding and the practical application of the corresponding conceptual-categorical apparatus. It is emphasized that the essence of expert prevention is the influence of the relevant subjects on crime through the use of special professional knowledge. That is, to the subject of forensic examination, should include studies of circumstances on the basis of which can be and should be developed scientific, organizational and technical measures of preventive nature. Proven that among the tasks of preventive nature, which can be solved by the staff of judicial-expert institutions, the development of aimed at forecasting in criminalistic aspects of circumstances contributing to the commission of crimes, taking into account the possibilities of certain types of expert research, should occupy an important place.
 It is proved that the preventive activities of forensic institutions of Ukraine should be carried out: in the production of examinations in specific criminal, administrative or civil cases; by summarizing expert, as well as forensic investigative practices; in the process of research on expert prevention; by providing on the basis of special knowledge of scientific and practical assistance to government agencies and public organizations in identifying circumstances conducive to the commission of crimes.
 In order to improve the quality of expert-preventive activities, the staff of the forensic institutions of Ukraine should pay maximum attention to the promotion of preventive activities among representatives of law enforcement and law enforcement agencies.
 On the basis of the analysis, the author’s definition of expert prevention is given: the activity of a forensic expert based on the laws and by-laws of normative legal acts, aimed at revealing the circumstances contributing to the commission of a crime, and the development of measures for their elimination with the use of special knowledge.
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Pagán, Israel, and Fernando García-Arenal. "Tolerance of Plants to Pathogens: A Unifying View." Annual Review of Phytopathology 58, no. 1 (2020): 77–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-phyto-010820-012749.
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Increasing evidence indicates that tolerance is a host defense strategy against pathogens as widespread and successful as resistance. Since the concept of tolerance was proposed more than a century ago, it has been in continuous evolution. In parallel, our understanding of its mechanistic bases and its consequences for host and pathogen interactions, ecology, and evolution has grown. This review aims at summarizing the conceptual changes in the meaning of tolerance inside and outside the field of phytopathology, emphasizing difficulties in demonstrating and quantifying this trait. We also discuss evidence of tolerance and current knowledge on its genetic regulation, mechanisms, and role in host–pathogen coevolution, highlighting common patterns across hosts and pathogens. We hope that this comprehensive review attracts more plant pathologists to the study of this key plant defense response.
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Nuzzo, Silvia, Valentina Brancato, Alessandra Affinito, Marco Salvatore, Carlo Cavaliere, and Gerolama Condorelli. "The Role of RNA and DNA Aptamers in Glioblastoma Diagnosis and Therapy: A Systematic Review of the Literature." Cancers 12, no. 8 (2020): 2173. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers12082173.
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Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most lethal primary brain tumor of the central nervous system in adults. Despite advances in surgical and medical neuro-oncology, the median survival is about 15 months. For this reason, initial diagnosis, prognosis, and targeted therapy of GBM represent very attractive areas of study. Aptamers are short three-dimensional structures of single-stranded nucleic acids (RNA or DNA), identified by an in vitro process, named systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX), starting from a partially random oligonucleotide library. They bind to a molecular target with high affinity and specificity and can be easily modified to optimize binding affinity and selectivity. Thanks to their properties (low immunogenicity and toxicity, long stability, and low production variability), a large number of aptamers have been selected against GBM biomarkers and provide specific imaging agents and therapeutics to improve the diagnosis and treatment of GBM. However, the use of aptamers in GBM diagnosis and treatment still represents an underdeveloped topic, mainly due to limited literature in the research world. On these bases, we performed a systematic review aimed at summarizing current knowledge on the new promising DNA and RNA aptamer-based molecules for GBM diagnosis and treatment. Thirty-eight studies from 2000 were included and investigated. Seventeen involved the use of aptamers for GBM diagnosis and 21 for GBM therapy. Our findings showed that a number of DNA and RNA aptamers are promising diagnostic and therapeutic tools for GBM management.
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Pérez-Gutiérrez, Mikel, José Manuel Castanedo-Alonso, and Carlos Cobo-Corrales. "El El surf en la educación formal: revisión sistemática (Surfing in formal education: systematic review)." Retos 41 (February 9, 2021): 684–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.47197/retos.v41i0.82917.
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El objetivo del artículo fue realizar una revisión de los trabajos que estudiaron la práctica del surf dentro de la educación formal para conocer las iniciativas desarrolladas y resumir las orientaciones pedagógicas para su aplicación. Para ello, se realizó una revisión sistemática en las bases de datos Dialnet, Eric, SciELO, Scopus y Web of Science. Se recuperaron 12 documentos, publicados entre 2008 y 2018, desarrollados en cinco países diferentes y centrados en el surf, el bodyboard y el standup paddle. Dichos trabajos concluyeron que debe realizarse una aproximación progresiva al medio acuático y al surf en tres fases (centro educativo, piscina y playa), comenzando con la práctica del bodyboard por ser más fácil y menos peligrosa que el surf de tabla corta. Para las sesiones de piscina y playa, se recomienda utilizar el tiempo del recreo para los desplazamientos, ubicando las sesiones en las últimas horas de la jornada escolar. Los docentes de Educación Física que quieran implementar el surf en sus clases deberían adquirir conocimientos relacionados con la seguridad en el mar, con el equipamiento necesario para la práctica y con la propia técnica del surf. 
 Abstract: the aim of this paper was to carry out a review of documents studying the surfing in formal education for discovering the programs developed and summarizing the pedagogical orientations for its application. Thus, a systematic review was performed in Dialnet, Eric, SciELO, Scopus and Web of Science databases. Twelve documents, published from 2008 to 2018, developed in five different countries and focused on surfing, bodyboarding and standup paddle, were retrieved. These documents concluded that a progressive approach to the aquatic environment and to surfing should be done in three phases (educational centre, swimming pool and beach), starting with the practice of bodyboard since it is easier and safer than shortboard surfing. The recess time should be used for travels in those sessions developed in the swimming pool and the beach. Moreover, these sessions should be scheduled in the last hours of the school day. Physical Education teachers willing to implement surfing in their sessions should gain knowledge about sea safety, surfing equipment and its own techniques.
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Gu, Jianyang, Kai Wang, Wei Jiang, and Yang You. "Summarizing Stream Data for Memory-Constrained Online Continual Learning." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 38, no. 11 (2024): 12217–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v38i11.29111.
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Replay-based methods have proved their effectiveness on online continual learning by rehearsing past samples from an auxiliary memory. With many efforts made on improving training schemes based on the memory, however, the information carried by each sample in the memory remains under-investigated. Under circumstances with restricted storage space, the informativeness of the memory becomes critical for effective replay. Although some works design specific strategies to select representative samples, by only employing a small number of original images, the storage space is still not well utilized. To this end, we propose to Summarize the knowledge from the Stream Data (SSD) into more informative samples by distilling the training characteristics of real images. Through maintaining the consistency of training gradients and relationship to the past tasks, the summarized samples are more representative for the stream data compared to the original images. Extensive experiments are conducted on multiple online continual learning benchmarks to support that the proposed SSD method significantly enhances the replay effects. We demonstrate that with limited extra computational overhead, SSD provides more than 3% accuracy boost for sequential CIFAR-100 under extremely restricted memory buffer. Code in https://github.com/vimar-gu/SSD.
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Lukashova, N. "PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING AS AN ESSENTIAL CONDITION FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF PUPILS’ CREATIVE THINKING DURING SUMMARIZING AND SYSTEMATIZATION OF KNOWLEDGE IN ORGANIC CHEMISTRY." Research Notes, no. 1 (May 4, 2022): 54–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.31654/2663-4902-2022-pp-1-54-60.
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The article describes problem-based learning as an essential condition for summarizing and systematization of knowledge in organic chemistry summarizing and systematization of knowledge in organic chemistry. It is substantiated that, the problem-based learning, based on the principle of research, educational and cognitive activities provides mastering chemical knowledge with schoolchildren at constructive and creative levels of complexity. Functions of theoretical knowledge are disclosed. The author came to the conclusion that, representing theories in their development, systematically summarizing theoretical knowledge, the teacher discloses the dialectic of knowledge, at the same time pupils acquire major worldviews on flow of substances in nature, dependence of chemical properties on molecular structure and mutual influence of the atoms in the molecules, the source of polyatomicity of organic molecules and their genetic link, the contribution of organic chemistry in economic development etc. It’s outlined the chain of problem-based situations, that may be drawn in the course of making connections between the structural elements of the topic «Hydrocarbons»; wide possibilities of such logical operations as comparison and analysis are described during the generalization of knowledge by creating problematic situations and their resolving with the broad participation of pupils, when they gain experience of a creative approach to the acquisition of scientific knowledge, the understanding of interdisciplinary field of versatility of organic compounds, their importance in solving practical problems of today. The prospects for new approach to the integration of the knowledge about the organic substances in terms of electronic effects in molecules aimed at improving of natural scientific and chemistry subject-specific competencies have been analyzed.
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Tomchuk – Ponomarenko, Nataliia Vladimirovna. "RESEARCH OF THE INSTITUTIONAL ESSENCE OF CORRUPTION AND MEANS OF ITS OVERCOMING." SCIENTIFIC BULLETIN OF POLISSIA 1, no. 2(10) (2017): 207–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.25140/2410-9576-2017-1-2(10)-207-215.
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Urgency of the research. The solution of problem of increase in war on corruption, at least in relation to limitation of its extent, is still one of the most serious and complicated problems on the path of the establishment of Ukraine as an independent democratic, law-governed and social state. Global political and social and economical changes occurred in Ukraine upon declaration of independence became not only the fundamental of progressive social processes but also of many negative phenomena the most dangerous of which the corruption is. Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. The increasing interest to scientific comprehensive understanding of corruption was observed gradually within last years; the number of scientific published works rose steeply. The enhanced study of this phenomenon is reflected in papers of Z. Varnalii, M. Honcharenko, O. Dulskyi, A. Zakaliuk, V. Zelenetskyi, O. Kalman, V. Klymenko, M. Korniienko, V. Mandybura, I. Mazur, M. Melnyk. Uninvestigated parts of general matters defining. Due to complexity of understanding of the phenomenon of corruption the field of its scientific research substantially lies within the frameworks of absolutely legal conception. Knowledge about this phenomenon are distributed in many adjacent fields of sciences – political science, social science, philosophy, psychology, political economics, ethics, theory of management, history of political and legal thought and others. However they are rather unsystematized; the substantial features of corruption as the specific institute are not examined thoroughly that has an absolute antisocial orientation; objects and subjects that form and embody it are not clearly defined. The research objective. The purpose of the paper is to research main substantial features of corruption revealing its "qualitative differences" and "specific particulars"; definition of “unethical and ethical” regulations upon which the institute of corruptive relations is bases; outlining of objects and subjects that form and embody them; justification of measures that can cope with corruption and economical crime efficiently. The statement of basic materials. The paper covers the main substantial features of corruption that identify its “qualitative differences” and “specific particulars” and justifies the most efficient ways and organizational and financial means of creation of conditions for overcoming of criminal crime in Ukraine. Conclusions. Summarizing all above-mentioned information it is to be noted that the corruption nowadays evolved into such social and political phenomenon that has to be perceived not just as one of inevitable negative development related to civilization but as an evil that brings about the real threat to national security of mankind. It became the global challenge for the whole human civilization.
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Rassaei, Ehsan. "Effects of three forms of reading-based output activity on L2 vocabulary learning." Language Teaching Research 21, no. 1 (2016): 76–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362168815606160.
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The current study investigated the effects of three forms of output activity on EFL learners’ recognition and recall of second language (L2) vocabulary. To this end, three groups of learners of English as a foreign language (EFL) were instructed to employ the following three output activities after reading two narrative texts: (1) summarizing the texts and incorporating target vocabulary in the summary; (2) generating several general comprehension questions out of reading texts and answering those questions while incorporating target vocabulary; and (3) making predictions about what is to occur in the texts and including target vocabulary in the prediction. The results of a cued response production test and a multiple choice recognition test indicated that the three treatment conditions resulted in significant development of vocabulary knowledge. Moreover, the results revealed that making predictions and questioning/answering were more effective than summarizing for promoting L2 words knowledge.
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Matthiessen, Christian M. I. M., and Jack Pun. "Expounding knowledge through explanations: Generic types and rhetorical-relational patterns." Semiotica 2019, no. 227 (2019): 31–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sem-2016-0045.
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AbstractIn this paper, we focus on contexts where the primary activity is to expound knowledge about general classes of phenomena, either by categorizing and characterizing them or by explaining them based on some theory, ranging from a commonsense folk theory to an uncommonsense scientific theory. Texts produced in such contexts include science lectures, research articles, and entries in encyclopedias. We focus on explanations, considering them across strata in terms of context, semantics, and lexicogrammar, and summarizing contributions from different research strands. Against this background, we report on a study of the registers used in secondary school chemistry textbooks in Hong Kong. We begin by summarizing a framework for classifying the contexts in which texts operate – a framework designed to allow us to differentiate different kinds of text according to the contexts they operate in. Then, we focus on one type of context – that of expounding knowledge about general classes of phenomena. Next, we identify different strategies of expounding knowledge, contrasting explanations and categorizations, and then discuss explanations in more detail. Finally, we move to the question of how these contextual types are realized semantically as texts organized as rhetorical complexes, drawing on secondary school textbooks in chemistry in particular.
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Kalakura, Yaroslav. "Formation of Ukrainian Civilizational Identity: An Interdisciplinary Discourse." Ukrainian Studies, no. 1(78) (May 20, 2021): 12–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.30840/2413-7065.1(78).2021.224826.
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Taking into account the methodology of Ukrainian and interdisciplinary studies, the available research on the theory and practice of identification processes, the article considers the phenomenon of civilizational identity of Ukrainians, its origins, formation, and current state from the standpoint of civilizational, anthropological, and sociocultural approaches. The concept of “civilizational identity” indicates the affiliation of an individual, ethnic group, or state to a particular civilization and is interpreted as a set of symbols, ideas, feelings, and self-awareness of their belonging to the Ukrainian cultural and civilizational community, which is based on national and universal values within the space of European civilizations and interaction with them. 
 The author analyzes theoretical and methodological foundations of civilizational identity presented in the works by A. Bergson, M. Weber, К. Wolf, S. Huntington, E. Gellner, I. Hoffmann, E. Husserl, J. Derrida, K. Eder, E. Erikson, G. Simmel, A. Camus, E. Cassier, A. Kuna, K. Levi-Strauss, G. Rickert, E. Smith, A. Toynbee, S. Freud, C. Jung, K. Jaspers, and others. He considers its Ukrainian features and structure: ethnic, national, cultural, religious, political, civic, European, and other components, shown in connection with the mentality and global nature against the background of historical progress and post-Soviet transformations, beginning from the Middle Ages, Kyivan Rus, the Renaissance, modernism and ending with postmodernism; emphasizes the historical mission of Ukrainian Cossacks as a national carrier of a new identity, tracks civilizational self-determination of the Ukrainian identity at the turn of the 19th–20th centuries, as well as the role of consciousness, social psychology, and the national idea in the civilizational transformation of identity; highlights the causes of the identity crisis and schism in the conditions of totalitarianism, its devastating consequences for the identification process of Ukrainians in general. 
 The main focus is put on the study of the specifics of the civilizational identity formation in the conditions of independence of Ukraine; the role of its components – ethnic, religious, national, civic, and European; the contribution of T. Bevz, T. Voropaieva, M. Kozlovets, I. Kutsyi, L. Nahorna, M. Obushnyi, Yu. Pavlenko, Yu. Polishchuk, M. Popovych, O. Rafalskyi, V. Tkachenko, M. Shulha, M. Yurii, and others to the study of key aspects of the problem; the influence on the civilizational identification processes, European integration, and globalization of the modern world, Revolution of dignity, democratization of the society, interethnic relations, aggressive policy of Russia. The article highlights ways to preserve Ukrainian identity in the alien environment, the role of Ukrainians abroad in shaping civilizational identity. 
 Significant attention is paid to the importance of Ukrainian studies as an academic synthesis of historical, philosophical, ethnological, cultural, and psychological knowledge in the elaboration of scholarly bases for building the civilizational identity and summarizing the relevant accumulated practical experience. A number of proposals have been made to further research the problem, increasing the role of the state and civil society in activating the civilizational identification of Ukrainians and their prospects.
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Nuraini. "Summarizing Technique Applied by Students at The Second Grade of SMAN 3 Langsa." JADEs Journal of Academia in English Education 1, no. 2 (2020): 40–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.32505/jades.v1i2.3030.
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This aim of research was to find out kinds of summarizing technique that used by students at the second grade of SMAN 3 Langsa. Summarizing technique involves stating a work paragraph and main idea, simply, briefly, and accurately. The method of this study used qualitative method with descriptive design. The subject of study was 15 students of XI IPA7. The data were collected by using observation, interview, and documentation. Based on the result of research, the researcher found that summarizing technique that used by the students at the second grade XI IPA7 SMAN 3 Langsa were Precise summarizing technique. Precise summarizing technique is to read the contents of the text as a whole then to make conclusions from the text they read by using their own language as a whole. They summarize the ideas and thoughts they have compared to using the language in the text. In addition, students were also enthusiastic in reading English text because it developed their vocabulary mastery, explained their knowledge, and trained their creative thinking skill.
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Kovács, Zoltán, and Sándor Kovács. "An overview of the Romanian Gelechiidae (Lepidoptera) summarizing the current knowledge in an updated and annotated checklist." Entomologica Romanica 26 (February 4, 2022): 1–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/entomolrom.26.1.
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This study of the Romanian Gelechiidae fauna deals with 317 species placed in 80 genera arranged in two different lists. The main list comprises 293 species in 78 genera currently accepted for the Romanian fauna, including 286 named and 7 other so far unidentified and probably undescribed species. 269 species (almost 92 %) were identified from examined material, the other 24 are derived from the literature. 30 species are recorded for the first time for the Romanian fauna: Aproaerema cinctelloides (Nel & Varenne, 2012), A. suecicella (Wolff, 1958), A. semicostella (Staudinger, 1871), Dactylotula kinkerella (Snellen, 1876), Bryotropha patockai Elsner & Karsholt, 2003, Aristotelia decoratella (Staudinger, 1879), Psamathocrita argentella Pierce & Metcalfe, 1942, Ptocheuusa paupella (Zeller, 1847), Metzneria diffusella Englert, 1974, Monochroa tekovella Kosorín, 2020, Athrips aquila Junnilainen, 2010, Chionodes ignorantella (Herrich-Schäffer, 1854), Gelechia senticetella (Staudinger, 1859), G. dujardini Huemer, 1991, Scrobipalpa acuta Povolný, 2001, S. selectella (Caradja, 1920), S. gallicella (Constant, 1885), S. nitentella (Fuchs, 1902), S. monochromella (Constant, 1895), S. thymelaeae (Amsel, 1939), Scrobipalpula tussilaginis (Stainton, 1867), Ephysteris deserticolella (Staudinger, 1871), Lutilabria lutilabrella (Mann, 1857), Caryocolum amaurella (Hering, 1924), C. petryi (Hofmann, 1899), C. pullatella (Tengström, 1848), C. blandulella (Tutt, 1887), Teleiopsis laetitiae Schmid, 2011, Xenolechia aethiops (Humphreys & Westwood, 1845) and Stenolechiodes pseudogemmellus Elsner, 1996. There are 6 other new additions, their records were overlooked and not included in the checklists: Apodia martinii Petry, 1911, Monochroa conspersella (Herrich-Schäffer, 1854), Ptycerata cryptoxena (Gozmány, 1952), Scrobipalpa salicorniae (Hering, 1889), Lutilabria prolata Junnilainen & Nupponen, 2010 and Agonochaetia terrestrella (Zeller, 1872). Additionally, 78 first records for the different regions of Romania are provided. The previously unknown females of Aproaerema incognitana (Gozmány, 1957) and A. semicostella (Staudinger, 1871) are described. A misinterpretation is shown in the literature concerning Bryotropha azovica Bidzilya, 1996. This species is currently known only from Ukraine (type locality) and Romania, all other records of B. azovica sensu Karsholt & Rutten, 2005 from Turkey, Cyprus, Greece, Bulgaria and North Macedonia are based on misidentifications and represent a different, as yet unnamed, species. An annotation is given for all listed taxa summarizing the current knowledge: the general distribution, the first Romanian record, the regional distribution and a concise enumeration of recent collecting sites based on both material examined and literature. Detailed data are given only for the first Romanian records or those of the regions of the country, and in the case of a few rarely recorded species. The habitats and collecting methods are mentioned, but concise data referring to the biology are only exceptionally given. The 23 species for which no material could be found for examination are treated as in need of confirmation. In a second list are treated 24 species and 2 genera mentioned earlier from Romania, but currently deleted from the checklist, out of this 8 species and 1 genus are now deleted: Aproaerema larseniella (Gozmány, 1957), Helcystogramma albinervis (Gerasimov, 1929), the genus Pectinophora Busck, 1917 including P. gossypiella (Saunders, 1844), Bryotropha plebejella (Zeller, 1847), Ptycerata furfurella (Staudinger, 1871), Oxypteryx nigritella (Zeller, 1847), Chionodes nebulosella (Heinemann, 1870) and Scrobipalpa salinella (Zeller, 1847). Replacing the Gelechiidae in the latest Romanian checklist (Rákosy & Goia 2021) with this list is recommanded
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Huang, Jingyi. "Research and Applications Analysis of Knowledge Base Question Answering." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 16 (November 10, 2022): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hset.v16i.2067.
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Knowledge Base Question Answering (KBQA) has become one of recent trends in Natural Language Processing (NLP). It helps solve question answering tasks in many fields, such as commerce, medical treatment, etc. This article represents research of KBQA from theory to practice. The concept of knowledge graph in a new way are defined, the steps for building a basic knowledge graph are listed. The category of knowledge base is generalized. This article analyzes the category of knowledge based on systems and introduces the definition and working principle of KBQA. This article also introduces two main approaches used in KBQA, Information Retrieval-based (IR-based) methods and Semantic Parsing-based (SP-based) methods, including summarizing pipeline frameworks of these two approaches and the comparison between them. Two successful applications of KBQA, Meituan and AliMe, including researching on the schema of knowledge graph and pipeline frameworks are discussed in this article. Moreover, this article analyzes the applicable scenes of the two applications and analyzes the main challenges of KBQA.
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Renzi, PM, H. Ghezzo, S. Goulet, E. Dorval, and RL Thivierge. "Paper Stamp Checklist Tool Enhances Asthma Guidelines Knowledge and Implementation by Primary Care Physicians." Canadian Respiratory Journal 13, no. 4 (2006): 193–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2006/825281.
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BACKGROUND: The Canadian Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs) for the management of asthmatic patients were last published in 1999, with updates in 2001 and June 2004. Large disparities exist in the implementation of these guidelines into clinical practice.OBJECTIVE: The present study evaluated the knowlege of Quebec-based primary care physicians regarding the CPGs, as well as patient outcomes before and after introducing physicians to a new clinical tool – a memory aid in the form of a self-inking paper stamp checklist summarizing CPG criteria and guidelines for assessing asthmatic patient control and therapy. The primary objective of the present study was to assess whether the stamp would improve physicians’ knowledge of the CPGs, and as a secondary objective, to assess whether it would decrease patient emergency room visits and hospitalizations.METHODS: A prospective, randomized, controlled study of 104 primary care physicians located in four Quebec regions was conducted. Each physician initially responded to questions on their knowledge of the CPGs, and was then randomly assigned to one of four groups that received information about the CPGs while implementing an intervention (the stamp tool) aimed at supporting their decision-making process at the point of care. Six months later, the physicians were retested, and patient outcomes for approximately one year were obtained from the Régie de l’assurance maladie du Québec.RESULTS: The stamp significantly improved physicians’ knowledge of the CPGs in all Quebec regions tested, and reduced emergency room visits and hospitalizations in patients who were followed for at least one year.CONCLUSION: A paper stamp summarizing CPGs for asthma can be used effectively to increase the knowledge of physicians and to positively affect patient outcomes.
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Ding, Guo Bao, Zhi Cheng Huo, Lian Bing Wang, and Dan Li. "A New Method for Electronic Circuit Fault Knowledge Acquisition Using PSPICE." Advanced Materials Research 753-755 (August 2013): 2511–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.753-755.2511.
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A new method for electronic circuit fault knowledge automatic generation Using PSpice has been put forward based on summarizing development of the intelligent fault diagnosis technology. A new algorithm of generating fault knowledge automatically has been designed by analysing the structure characteristics of the CIR file. The algorithm of search automatically has been designed by analysing the structure characteristic of the OUT file. The DC fault dictionary method has been improved and the fault order according to the minimum distance will guide the user to remove the fault. In the end, through these technologies, the fault knowledge query system has been empoldered. The feasibility of the proposed method has been proved by experiment results.
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Dilixiati, Diligena, and Xiaoting Song. "Benefit-sharing model of traditional knowledge based on substantive fairness in China." Queen Mary Journal of Intellectual Property 13, no. 1 (2023): 75–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/qmjip.2023.01.04.
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Traditional knowledge itself is a living body of knowledge, which constitutes a part of its holders’ cultural or spiritual identity, and can also be continuously created as knowledge resources to form new knowledge, so that they can benefit from the protection of the intellectual property system. In recent years, through reasonable institutional arrangements and moderate market development, more and more countries and regions are promoting sustainable development of traditional communities through fair trade. When traditional knowledge products enter the market, the most common form globally is to share the benefits of traditional knowledge by contract. This article takes the case of traditional knowledge marketization in China as its research sample, summarizing four typical traditional knowledge benefit-sharing modes. By considering stakeholders’ motivation, purpose and negotiation ability in different modes, we find that the commonly agreed conditions with the contract as the main method show substantial unfairness characteristics, and put forward the corresponding optimization scheme of a benefit-sharing mode. The central argument is that substantive fairness should be the main principle of any traditional knowledge benefit-sharing system to ensure the sustainable development of traditional communities, and make the experience of China available for the international benefit sharing of conventional knowledge property.
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Katalnikova, Sabina. "KNOWLEDGE WORKER AS A USER OF INTELLIGENT COLLABORATIVE EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM." SOCIETY. INTEGRATION. EDUCATION. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference 5 (May 25, 2018): 315–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/sie2018vol1.3193.
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Education is integral part of every knowledge worker’s activity during their whole life. While talking about lifelong education of knowledge workers, it is important to provide a possibility to study following an individual programme and, keeping into mind their own particular study aim, to test their newly acquired knowledge practically, to collaborate and learn from colleagues. In this regard development and application of intelligent collaborative educational systems gain great importance. This article has a threefold purpose: 1) to analyse the notion of knowledge worker, 2) to highlight its main traits and characteristics, 3) to offer a model of knowledge worker from the standpoint of a user of intelligent collaborative educational system. This theoretical study was based on an analysis of available literature sources and a summarizing of information. In order to illustrate the proposed model, extended semantic networks were applied and their brief description was given.
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Sun, Sunny, Lina Zhong, Rob Law, Xiaonan Li, Baolin Deng, and Liyu Yang. "Health Tourism Evolution: A Review Based on Bibliometric Analysis and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database." Sustainability 14, no. 16 (2022): 10435. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141610435.
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To systematically understand the evolution of health tourism in China, the present study visually analyzes the theme evolution and frontiers of Chinese health tourism research on the basis of the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database through bibliometric analysis. The findings reflect the existence of diverse clustering themes in health tourism research, and the formation time of each theme is different. The findings also indicate that the change in the theme is led by government policy. Theoretically, the findings of the present study can, on the one hand, contribute to the health tourism literature by comprehensively exploring and summarizing the themes and topics of health tourism development in China since its appearance (i.e., 1981), and, on the other hand, provide references for future health tourism exploration directions. Findings of the present study can provide references for effective future development directions of the health tourism industry.
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Kurniati, Ayu, Wantonoro Wantonoro, and Dewi Rokhanawati. "Pregnant woman’s knowledge to the danger signs of pregnancy." International journal of health & medical sciences 5, no. 4 (2022): 276–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.21744/ijhms.v5n4.1953.
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Background: Based on World Health Organization (WHO,2019) Maternal Mortality Rate is the number of maternal deaths caused by pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum that become the indicator of women’s health level. Maternal mortality rate becomes one of the targets of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in reducing maternal mortality rate to be 70 per 100.000 live birth in 2030. Aim: to review the evidence relate to the pregnant woman’s knowledge to the danger signs of pregnancy. Method: this scoping review used framework from Arksey and O’Malley consisting of conducting focus review by framework PEOS, conducting literature searching by using 3 databased by identifying scoping review question, identifying relevant article, selecting article, data charting, arranging as well as summarizing and reporting the result. Result: The scoping review of 10 article journal having Grade A and B that discuss about danger signs of pregnancy, category of knowledge, utilizing health facilities, the method to improve the knowledge. Conclusion: Based on scoping review result of primigravida’s knowledge is still low compared to multigravida, therefore it needs the alternative to improve pregnant women’s knowledge about danger signs of pregnancy through counselling and telemedicine.
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Xiao, Ming Zhu. "Estimating Measurement Error Based on Evidence Theory." Advanced Materials Research 548 (July 2012): 839–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.548.839.
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Measurement error is traditionally represented with probability distributions. Although probabilistic representations of measurement error have been successfully employed in many analyses, such representations have been criticized for requiring more refined knowledge with respect to the existing error than that is really present. As a result, this paper proposes a general framework and process for estimating the measurement error based on evidence theory. In this research cumulative belief functions (CBFs) and cumulative plausibility functions (CPFs) are used to estimate measurement error. The estimation includes two steps:(1) modeling the parameters by means of a random set, and discrediting the random set to focal elements in finite numbers; (2)summarizing the propagation error. An example is demonstrated the estimation process.
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Chelly, Zeineb, and Zied Elouedi. "From the General to the Specific: Inducing a Novel Dendritic Cell Algorithm from a Detailed State-of-the-Art Review." International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 30, no. 03 (2016): 1659009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218001416590096.
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Considered as one of the emerging evolutionary algorithms, the Dendritic Cell Algorithm (DCA) is based on the behavior of specific immune agents; known as Dendritic Cells (DCs). Studies related with DCA are increasingly becoming popular and this is due to the worthy characteristics expressed by the algorithm as it exhibits several potentially beneficial features for binary classification problems. Yet, according to our best knowledge, there is no study summarizing the basic features of the DCA developed versions all in one paper. Hence, in this paper we aim at summarizing the powerful characteristics of the DCA while making a general review of the algorithm. We aim at studying the various versions of DCA while highlighting their characteristics, advantages and limitations. Based on this study and from the conducted conclusions, we intend to generate a well-studied novel DC classifier based on the positive aspects reflected by the previously proposed DCA versions. Results show that our proposed algorithm succeeds in obtaining significantly improved classification accuracy.
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Sholihah, Khilayatus. "THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ROUND ROBIN SUMMARIZING ON READING COMPREHENSION FOR THE TENTH GRADES STUDENTS OF SMA NAHDLATUL ULAMA 2 GRESIK." Journal of English Teaching, Literature, and Applied Linguistics 1, no. 1 (2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.30587/jetlal.v1i1.321.
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Reading has an important role towards speaking in which speaking needs much vocabulary knowledge to develop ideas in communication. By reading activity readers can obtain much information. English as foreign language has some aspects in learning it. So, the aspect can be mastered by appropriate strategy. One of the strategies is round robin summarizing technique. Round robin summarizing can be one of strategy in learning reading skill. The purpose of this research is to investigate the significant effect of round robin summarizing in reading skill for 10th grade students at SMA Nahdlatul Ulama 2 Gresik in academic year of 2016/2017. In this research, the researcher used quantitative research and it refers to experimental research design because the purpose of the research is to investigate the effect of round robin summarizing on students’ reading comprehension. This research started during December, 2016. The population of this research was the tenth grade students of SMA Nahdlatul Ulama 2 Gresik. Because the population is large the researcher decided to use cluster sampling technique to select two classes with the same ability. Two classes were taken as the sample of the research. Those are X-A as the experimental group and X-B as the control group. The data tested using t-test formula by comparing the mean score of pre-test and post-test from both of classes. The result of post-test score mean showed that experimental group was higher than control group. The post-test score mean of the experimental group was 58.67 while the control group was 53.12. The result of this study showed that probability value both of the groups was 0.000 (0.000 < 0.005). This result showed that the experimental group and the control group were different in their ability after giving treatment. So, the null hypothesis could be rejected. Then, the null hypothesis stated that there was significant different using round robin summarizing towards students’ reading comprehension between experiment and control groups. Based on the description above, the researcher found that there was significant different in reading comprehending between the students who were taught using round robin summarizing and who were taught without using round robin summarizing. Having known from the finding of the study, it was indicated that round robin summarizing significantly influence towards students’ reading comprehension of students at SMA Nahdlatul Ulama 2 Gresik. For further researcher, the researcher hopefully round robin summarizing can be used in different skill.
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Richter, Anne, My Sjunnestrand, Maria Romare Strandh, and Henna Hasson. "Implementing School-Based Mental Health Services: A Scoping Review of the Literature Summarizing the Factors That Affect Implementation." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 6 (2022): 3489. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19063489.
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Background: Mental illness in children and youths has become an increasing problem. School-based mental health services (SBMHS) are an attempt to increase accessibility to mental health services. The effects of these services seem positive, with some mixed results. To date, little is known about the implementation process of SBMHS. Therefore, this scoping review synthesizes the literature on factors that affect the implementation of SBMHS. Methods: A scoping review based on four stages: (a) identifying relevant studies; (b) study selection; (c) charting the data; and (d) collating, summarizing, and reporting the results was performed. From the searches (4414 citations), 360 were include in the full-text screen and 38 in the review. Results: Implementation-related factors were found in all five domains of the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. However, certain subfactors were mentioned more often (e.g., the adaptability of the programs, communication, or engagement of key stakeholders). Conclusions: Even though SBMHS differed in their goals and way they were conducted, certain common implementation factors were highlighted more frequently. To minimize the challenges associated with these types of interventions, learning about the implementation of SBMHS and using this knowledge in practice when introducing SBMHS is essential to achieving the best possible effects with SMBHSs.
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Hoeltzel, David A., Wei-Hua Chieng, and John Zissimides. "Knowledge representation and planning control in an expert system for the creative design of mechanisms." Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing 1, no. 2 (1987): 119–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890060400000214.
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An interactive system, referred to as MECXPERT {Mechanism Expert}, has been designed with the expressed purpose of assisting nonexpert design engineers in creating mechanisms for fulfilling specific motion-conversion and/or power-transmission requirements. The particular knowledge representation scheme chosen for this application comprises a hybrid formulation of a rule-based production system with a frame-based approach. The underlying control strategy is based on a series of special-purpose, domain-specific operators whose function is to move from one problem space to another through various stages or ‘states’ that comprise the mechanism design process.The primary focus of this paper centers on the representation of knowledge and its control within an expert system for creative mechanism design. An overview summarizing the reasons for developing such an expert system is provided, and the formulation of a problem is discussed through an example taken from the design of a variable-stroke internal-combustion engine mechanism.
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Sun, Chenchen, Liwei Yi, Chuncheng Yang, Shuzhen Li, Jingting Chen, and Jialing Li. "Application of 7E Teaching Methods in Classroom Teaching under the Background of the New College Entrance Examination Reform—Taking High School Biology "Active transportation" Teaching as an Example." Contemporary Education and Teaching Research 5, no. 3 (2024): 121–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.61360/bonicetr242016020305.
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The reform of the new college entrance examination has put forward brand-new requirements for the teaching of current disciplines. The new college entrance examination not only requires students to be able to master knowledge,but also requires students to learn to learn in the process of learning, to master the method of learning, and to improve the core qualities of disciplines. This paper explores the 7E teaching model, taking the teaching of "active transport" in high school biology as an example, and practices teaching based on the 7E teaching model, through stimulation (creating a situation to stimulate students' desire for knowledge), participation (guiding students to participate in the learning of new knowledge), exploration (carrying out exploration activities to create new models), explanation (summarizing knowledge to deepen the concept), refinement (understanding examples, agreeing with the meaning), evaluation (sorting out and summarizing the return to the core concepts), and extension (connecting the theory with the reality to promote the extension of the concept), to help students stimulate the learning process. Concept extension, to help students stimulate the desire to learn, actively participate in the new knowledge, explore new activities, explain new concepts, speech simple hack, clear organization, learning, thinking and using coherent, knowledge, action, and belief in unity. This deepens students' understanding of knowledge and concepts, guides students to discover, explore, and solve problems in real situations, and students pay more attention to the process of knowledge formation, the knowledge structure of the series, and the generalization of the knowledge system. It fully improves the classroom effect and learning efficiency, promotes the overall development of students as a whole, and enhances the core literacy of students in the discipline of biology, to realize the purpose of the new college entrance examination reform.
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Liu, Yunxing. "A Fuzzy Query Method Oriented to Knowledge Graph." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2221, no. 1 (2022): 012051. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2221/1/012051.
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Abstract With the widespread application of Knowledge Graphs, Knowledge Graph query technology has received widespread attention. The daily use of natural language usually contains fuzzy terms. The use of fuzzy terms in queries is more in line with natural language habits. Therefore, fuzzy questions have been widely discussed and applied in relational data models, and their use in NoSQL data models has also begun to be affected in recent years. RDF (Resource Description Framework) is a representative model of the knowledge graph, and SPARQL is the standard query language of RDF. To realize the fuzzy query of the knowledge graph, this paper introduces the unclear expansion syntax of aggregate function based on summarizing and analyzing the existing SPARQL fuzzy expansion. Supplements the qualitative preference analysis method then proposes and SPARQL1. 1 Corresponding fuzzy SPARQL1.1 (f-SPARQL1.1) simultaneously provides strategies and techniques for rewriting ambiguous queries into classic SPARQL queries. In addition, this article also provides a visual interface for defining the membership functions of fuzzy terms and provides three interactive methods for setting fuzzy membership functions. Compared with the previous fuzzy query methods for RDF models, the method proposed in this paper has more vital fuzzy query ability and more flexible universality. The experimental results show the usability of the method proposed in this paper.
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Li, Lei, and Yu Tang. "Hotspots and development trends in global mathematics education research —based on a quantitative analysis utilizing the CiteSpace knowledge map." Journal of Social Sciences and Economics 3, no. 1 (2023): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.61363/jsse.v2i2.96.
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Utilizing the literature from the Web of Science Core Collection database spanning the years 2013-2023 as a sample, this study employs the bibliometric tool CiteSpace to analyze publication quantity, countries, research institutions, journals, and research topics. The results indicate a rapid development in the field of mathematics education research in recent years, with the United States, England, Germany, Australia, China, and their associated research institutions forming close collaborations, significantly influencing global developments in mathematics education. Summarizing four major research themes, namely teacher professional development, mathematics education and learning, early childhood education, and instructional assessment, it is observed that teacher professional development has consistently been a research hotspot over the past decade. Influenced by the application of new technologies and COVID-19 pandemic impacts, the research suggests that studying teacher noticing and employing continuous, interactive methods for instructional assessment are directions worthy of consideration for future research in mathematics education.
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Jiang, Lu, Ying Wang, Yongtao Xiao, et al. "Role of the Gut Microbiota in Parenteral Nutrition–Associated Liver Disease: From Current Knowledge to Future Opportunities." Journal of Nutrition 152, no. 2 (2021): 377–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxab380.
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ABSTRACT Parenteral nutrition–associated liver disease (PNALD) refers to a spectrum of conditions that can develop cholestasis, steatosis, fibrosis, and cirrhosis in the setting of parenteral nutrition (PN) use. Patient risk factors include short bowel syndrome, bacterial overgrowth and translocation, disturbance of hepatobiliary circulation, and lack of enteral feeding. A growing body of evidence suggests an intricate linkage between the gut microbiota and the pathogenesis of PNALD. In this review, we highlight current knowledge on the taxonomic and functional changes in the gut microbiota that might serve as noninvasive biomarkers. We also discuss the function of microbial metabolites and associated signaling pathways in the pathogenesis of PNALD. By providing the perspectives of microbiota-host interactions in PNALD for basic and translational research and summarizing current limitations of microbiota-based approaches, this review paves the path for developing novel and precise microbiota-based therapies in PNALD.
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Shan Liu, Rolly R. Tang, Jae Kyu Lee,. "Taxonomy of the GDPR-based Privacy Research by Scientometric Analysis." Journal of Electrical Systems 20, no. 2 (2024): 1647–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.52783/jes.1612.
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Will General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) be adopted globally in business? The GDPR was approved in the European Union (EU) in April 2016 and officially put into effect in May 2018, thus the research in this field has an obvious upward trend. The development of GDPR is aimed at adapting to new trends, conducting scientific econometric analysis in the fields of privacy and GDPR, and analyzing and visualizing emerging trends. First, summarizing the privacy and GDPR studies publicly published between 1995 and 2023 through statistical analysis of terminology categories and high-yield journals. Then, understand the overall research status of privacy rights and GDPR from the perspectives of author, journal, literature co citation analysis, and collaborative networks. Finally, based on keyword analysis and literature co citation cluster analysis, a knowledge graph was constructed that includes knowledge domains, evolutionary trends, and future research directions. As a globally influential regulation, GDPR emphasizes the protection and lawful processing of personal data, which is of great significance for protecting personal data privacy and enhancing data security.
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Bennett, Marlyn. "Editorial: Summarizing Evidence Based Research and Knowledge Translation; Increasing Graduation Rates; Strengthening Neighbourhoods and Increasing Social Inclusion; Moral Courage in Child Welfare; and Interracial Adoption." First Peoples Child & Family Review 6, no. 2 (2020): 4–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1068871ar.
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Yang, Yan, Yunxia Yin, and Zhi Li. "Research on the model of automatic recognition and natural language question-answer system for traditional Chinese medicine tongue images based on LLMs." Applied and Computational Engineering 36, no. 1 (2024): 271–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/36/20230461.
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Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently demonstrated their potential in clinical applications by providing valuable medical knowledge and recommendations. Traditional Chinese tongue diagnosis, one of the "Four Diagnoses," is an essential method for traditional Chinese medicine diagnosis. This paper builds upon tongue image classification technology and utilizes natural language processing and image recognition techniques to enhance the discrimination and analysis of traditional Chinese tongue images through learning and inference. We propose a method to integrate LLMs into the tongue image automatic recognition model and use them in interactive question-answering by summarizing and reorganizing information in natural language text format.
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Sokou, Rozeta, Stavroula Parastatidou, Zoi Iliodromiti, et al. "Knowledge Gaps and Current Evidence Regarding Breastfeeding Issues in Mothers with Chronic Diseases." Nutrients 15, no. 13 (2023): 2822. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15132822.
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The prevalence of chronic maternal disease is rising in the last decades in the developed world. Recent evidence indicated that the incidence of chronic maternal disease ranges from 10 to 30% of pregnancies worldwide. Several epidemiological studies in mothers with chronic diseases have mainly focused on the risk for adverse obstetric outcomes. Evidence from these studies supports a correlation between maternal chronic conditions and adverse perinatal outcomes, including increased risk for preeclampsia, cesarean section, preterm birth, and admission in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). However, there is a knowledge gap pertaining to the management of these women during lactation. This review aimed at summarizing the available research literature regarding breastfeeding in mothers with chronic diseases. Adjusted and evidence-based support may be required to promote breastfeeding in women with chronic diseases; however, our comprehension of breastfeeding in this subpopulation is still unclear. The literature related to breastfeeding extends in various scientific areas and multidisciplinary effort is necessary to compile an overview of current evidence and knowledge regarding breastfeeding issues in mothers with chronic diseases.
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Zainuri, Rachmad, and Pompong Budi Setiadi. "TINJAUAN LITERATUR SISTEMATIS: ANALISIS SWOT DALAM MANAJEMEN KEUANGAN PERUSAHAAN." JURNAL MANEKSI 12, no. 1 (2023): 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.31959/jm.v12i1.1364.
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SWOT analysis is an analytical method used to evaluate the 'strengths', 'weaknesses', 'opportunities', and 'threats' involved in an organization, plan, project, person, or business activity. The aim of this paper is to review the body of knowledge and academic research on SWOT analysis. This shows significant concerns and trends and knowledge gaps around SWOT analysis. Applying PRISMA's guidelines for conducting and summarizing systematic reviews, literature reviews were carried out systematically. Based on a systematic search of the Springer database, a total of 21 articles were included. Within the topics of conceptual models, research frameworks, and measurement and evaluation of SWOT analysis, a research agenda for future studies in this field is offered.
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Chen, Jing. "Teaching Reform of "Network Security" Course under the Background of New Engineering." Scientific Journal of Technology 4, no. 9 (2022): 18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.54691/sjt.v4i9.2092.
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The "Network Security" course is a professional course with strong application and practicality in the computer field. It is one of the core courses of network engineering and computer network technology. The actual effect of its teaching has a close grasp of the students' professional knowledge Link. In view of the current state’s attention to cyber security, and based on previous teaching experience and teaching materials, summarizing the characteristics and current teaching situation of the course "Network Security", and comprehensively analyzing students’ basic knowledge mastery, listening status and learning effects, Considering the "teaching" and "learning" of the course, and discussing the importance of students' independent learning, classroom explanation and discussion, in order to achieve better classroom teaching effects.
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Wang, Yan Hui, Xue Mei Xiao, and Hao Cui. "The Research on Emergence Mechanism of High-Speed Railway Accident." Advanced Materials Research 186 (January 2011): 116–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.186.116.
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The research of high-speed railway accident needs professional knowledge and its operation mechanism is complex. Based on the analysis of the potential safety factors from personnel, equipment and environment system, the definition of emergence mechanism of the high-speed railway accident was given in this paper. With the interaction relationship between the factors as the centre, the emerging studies of high-speed railway accident has been realized through the analysis of the accident chains and summarizing the emergence structure mode of high-speed railway accident.
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Eslabão, Andrieza, Geraldo Lavigne de Lemos, Hirdan Katarina De Medeiros Costa, Murilo Tadeu Werneck Fagá, and Edmilson Moutinho dos Santos. "Building knowledge on climate change issues: the methodological development of data collection by the RCGI group." Concilium 23, no. 23 (2023): 198–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.53660/clm-2600-23u24.
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The RCGI advocacy group proposed the development of a methodology for collecting qualitative and quantitative data on climate change issues. The methodology consists of preparing and applying a written form, followed by workshops. Combining written forms with workshops was essential to optimize data collection. The methodology was successfully tested by researchers in areas such as Greenhouse Gases, Nature-Based Solutions, Carbon Capture and Utilization, Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage. The study proved the effectiveness of applying the methodology, which successfully obtained quantitative and qualitative data, summarizing the long-term experiences of different researchers. The developed methodology also contributed to aggregate sparse data and favor the obtaining of relevant information for the improvement of solutions and public policies. In the same context, the methodology improved ways of identifying stakeholders, regulatory gaps and difficulties in implementing solutions and public policies. The results indicate that the methodology can be used in mitigation projects and adaptation strategies in a climate change scenario.
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Mishra, Madhurima, and Agrata Pandey. "The impact of leadership styles on knowledge-sharing behavior: a review of literature." Development and Learning in Organizations: An International Journal 33, no. 1 (2019): 16–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dlo-06-2018-0067.
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Purpose This study aims to summarize the extant literature investigating the impact of leadership styles on the knowledge-sharing behavior of followers in the organizational context. Design/methodology/approach A thorough review of the literature was conducted. Empirical, as well as conceptual, studies examining the relationship between leadership styles and follower knowledge-sharing behavior were reviewed. Findings Based on the findings of the studies reviewed, a theoretical framework is presented. The framework lists various leadership styles that have been found to significantly affect desirable individual- and team-level outcomes through a host of underlying mechanisms and subsequent knowledge sharing by the subordinates. Practical implications The theoretical framework proposed in this study holds direct relevance for practicing managers. It provides a range of leadership styles that managers may choose from and practice to successfully elicit knowledge sharing among their subordinates. Originality/value Considering the vast array of studies exploring the role of leadership in predicting followers’ knowledge-sharing behavior, the present study contributes by summarizing the scattered literature on the same. The framework is of immediate value to executives and saves hours of reading time by presenting the most relevant information in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.
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Subramanyam, S., and S. C. Y. Lu. "Computer-Aided Simultaneous Engineering for Components Manufactured in Small and Medium Lot-Sizes." Journal of Engineering for Industry 113, no. 4 (1991): 450–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2899722.
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This paper presents a methodology for the simultaneous product and process design of components manufactured in small and medium lot-sizes. A key aspect of this methodology is to ensure that such components are manufacturable for the lowest possible cost in specially designed manufacturing facilities such as manufacturing cells. A computer-based design environment is proposed to cooperatively assist product designers in performing this task. The design environment is based on the model-based reasoning concept. Explicit product and manufacturing facility models are presented to support the reasoning process. These models are based on a combination of feature-based, geometric and process performance models. The reasoning mechanism is based on the Multiple Cooperative Knowledge Sources (MCKS) paradigm with explicit separation of domain and control knowledge. Domain knowledge sources deal with the product and process refinement activities while control knowledge sources deal with managing the concurrency between these two activities. The framework of the design environment is described in detail and justifications are provided for the modeling and reasoning mechanisms chosen. Preliminary results obtained from an implementation of the design environment for the simultaneous product and process design of Bearing Cages are presented. The paper concludes by summarizing the main contributions of this research and presents directions for future research work.
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Liu, Yongwei, Xiaoshu Cao, and Tao Li. "Influence of Accessibility on Land Use and Landscape Pattern Based on Mapping Knowledge Domains: Review and Implications." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2020 (July 18, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/7985719.
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Research on the influence of accessibility on land use and landscape patterns is one of the most important subfields in landscape ecology and transportation geography. In this review article, we use CiteSpace and VOSviewer to analyze relevant information, including the number of published papers, highly cited literature, high-frequency keywords, periodicals, and the leading countries conducting research on this particular field. Based on the mapping knowledge domain theory and summarizing method, this research, using an extensive review of the existing literature to analyze the influence of accessibility on land use and landscape patterns, the following conclusions have been reached: first, most of the relevant studies are conducted by applying theories on landscape ecology rather than on transportation geography, and the measure index of accessibility is relatively simple. Second, while accessibility has played a key role in analyzing the interactions between transportation, land use, and landscape patterns, studies on the long-term effect of transportation on land use and land patterns are extremely important. Also, different road types have been found to impose different effects. Third, research on the functional landscape in inner cities has become a significant research focus, particularly with the progress in big data. And fourth, improvements in data acquisition and processing have greatly benefited the field, specifically with recent advancements in GIS and RS technology. However, studies on landscape patterns with regional perspectives have largely been insufficient, especially those conducted over long time scales.
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OLESHKOVA, ANNA. "DISCOURSES AND EPISTEMS AS CONTEXTS OF THE DISPERSION OF “NEWSPEAK” (BASED ON THE PHILOSOPHY OF M. FOUCAULT)." Sociopolitical Sciences 13, no. 2 (2023): 123–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.33693/2223-0092-2023-13-2-123-130.
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The purpose of the study. In this article, the philosophical concept of Michel Foucault, summarizing the main stages of his work (archaeological, genealogical, the period of aesthetics of existence), is extrapolated to the genesis and manifestation of “newspeak” - an ideological language that constructs socio-political reality and simultaneously interprets. Conclusions. The variety of author’s concepts presented in Foucault’s works should be considered interrelated. Foucault’s works (primarily “Words and things”, “The archaeology of knowledge”, “To supervise and punish”, “Intellectuals and power”, “The will to truth: Beyond knowledge, power and sexuality”) they became the basis for the development of the methodology and methodology of discourse studies. The stylistics and specifics of the examples cited by Foucault, his conceptual model can be used for the socio-philosophical understanding of “newspeak” through the concepts of “discourse”, “episteme”, “discursive practice”, “panopticon”, etc. Taking into account the development of the processes of informatization and medialization, “newspeak” should be interpreted in several dimensions (subcultural language, artificial language, ideological language, which Foucault’s conceptual approach can encompas.
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Bohiltea, Roxana Elena, Tiberiu Augustin Georgescu, Gina Calinescu, et al. "The elusive role of endometrial progenitor cells in immunoregulation and regenerative medicine: A brief review of current knowledge." Romanian Medical Journal 68, S6 (2021): 7–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.37897/rmj.2021.s6.1.
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The human endometrium is a highly regenerative organ undergoing over 400 cycles of shedding and regeneration over a woman’s lifetime. This massive regenerative capacity is thought to have a stem cell basis, with human endometrial stromal stem cells having already been extensively studied. Endometrial stem cells can be divided into three categories: endometrial epithelial stem/progenitor cells, CD140b+CD146+ or SUSD2+ endometrial mesenchymal stem cells (eMSCs), and side population cells (SPs). Endometrial stem/progenitor cells in the menstruation blood are defined as menstrual stem cells (MenSCs). Due to their abundant sources, excellent proliferation rate, and self-transplantation capabilities, MenSCs are ideal candidates for cell-based therapy in regenerative medicine, inflammation, and immune-related diseases. In this manuscript we review the available literature and outline the characteristics of endometrial stem/progenitor cells, summarizing their roles in immunoregulation, regenerative medicine and endometriosis, through which we provide some novel therapeutic strategies for reproductive and cancerous diseases.
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Placek, Judith H. "An Evaluation of the Implementation of Basic Stuff." Journal of Teaching in Physical Education 8, no. 2 (1989): 152–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.8.2.152.
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The Basic Stuff Series, nine books summarizing the body of knowledge in physical education and giving ideas for teaching this knowledge, was published by AAHPERD in 1981 and has become a best-seller. This study set out to discover who has purchased Basic Stuff and to determine if and how the purchasers are using the books. A survey questionnaire was sent to 966 individuals who had purchased Basic Stuff from 1982 to 1986. Results indicate that about two-thirds of the respondents had read the books and one-half to two-thirds said they were using Basic Stuff in their work. Many asked for more help in implementing Basic Stuff in their classes. An analysis of the change effort was done based on research on planned change in education.
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Whitley, Meredith A., David Walsh, Laura Hayden, and Daniel Gould. "Narratives of Experiential Learning: Students’ Engagement in a Physical Activity-Based Service-Learning Course." Journal of Teaching in Physical Education 36, no. 4 (2017): 419–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.2016-0141.
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Purpose:Three undergraduate students’ experiences in a physical activity-based service learning course are chronicled using narrative inquiry.Method:Data collection included demographics questionnaires, pre- and postservice interviews, reflection journals, postservice written reflections, and participant observations. The data were analyzed with comprehensive deductive and inductive analysis procedures, along with the creation of detailed narratives summarizing students’ individual experiences and outcomes.Results:Results revealed student growth and development, including leadership development, improved interpersonal skills, increased knowledge of social justice issues, and enhanced self-understanding. However, the number, depth, and complexity of these outcomes varied significantly, which was largely explained by individual variables (e.g., interest in learning, level of effort, degree of adaptability).Discussion:These findings highlight the opportunity for course instructors to lead reflective activities before and during the service-learning experience, along with providing individualized guidance and feedback on students’ learning, effort, and adaptability throughout the service-learning course.
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Abasova, Jela, Pavol Tanuska, and Stefan Rydzi. "Big Data—Knowledge Discovery in Production Industry Data Storages—Implementation of Best Practices." Applied Sciences 11, no. 16 (2021): 7648. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11167648.
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CRISP-DM (cross-industry standard process for data mining) methodology was developed as an intuitive tool for data scientists, to help them with applying Big Data methods in the complex technological environment of Industry 4.0. The review of numerous recent papers and studies uncovered that most of papers focus either on the application of existing methods in case studies, summarizing existing knowledge, or developing new methods for a certain kind of problem. Although all of these types of research are productive and required, we identified a lack of complex best practices for a specific field. Therefore, our goal is to propose best practices for the data analysis in production industry. The foundation of our proposal is based on three main points: the CRISP-DM methodology as the theoretical framework, the literature overview as an expression of current needs and interests in the field of data analysis, and case studies of projects we were directly involved in as a source of real-world experience. The results are presented as lists of the most common problems for selected phases (‘Data Preparation’ and ‘Modelling’), proposal of possible solutions, and diagrams for these phases. These recommendations can help other data scientists avoid certain problems or choose the best way to approach them.
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Huang, Dacai. "Quantitative Visualization Analysis in the Field of Sports Dance Based on CiteSpace." Journal of Innovation and Social Science Research 8, no. 9 (2021): 163–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.53469/jissr.2021.08(09).33.
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Taking 266 CSSCI records of sports dance from CNKI database as the research object, the relevant data were analyzed by CiteSpace software. By means of knowledge map, this paper combs the number of papers, high-yield institutions, high-yield authors, cooperation and research hotspots. This study draws the following conclusions, which are divided into three time periods according to the amount of documents issued; The cooperation between the authors is scattered, and the representatives are mainly concentrated in Beijing Sports University; The distribution of research institutions is scattered and the cluster scale is small; The keywords are clustered into nine cluster labels. Through sorting and summarizing, the nine clusters are summarized into six aspects: the development of sports dance, the development of sports dance in China’s mass sports, sports dance teaching, the cultural integration of national standard dance and Chinese classical dance, the aesthetic value of sports dance, and the impact of sports dance on College Students’ physical and mental health.
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Xie, Zhuoqiao. "Research on quantum computing and its development." Theoretical and Natural Science 5, no. 1 (2023): 931–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-8818/5/20230555.
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Based on the rapid development of quantum computing and quantum communication all over the world, this paper studies the latest development of quantum computing on the basis of consulting a large number of literatures. By analyzing literature and summarizing, the basic knowledge and concept of quantum computing, the theory of time and data complexity, quantum computer, and the technical route of quantum computing are studied. Through the research, it is found that quantum computing is still in the primary stage, and the hardware of quantum computing, quantum error correction, anti-noise quantum computing and quantum simulation all need further research to improve quantum theory.
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Powell, Randy L., Cord B. Eversole, Luis Rolando Rivas, Ashton V. Crocker, and Paola De la Quintana. "Feliz cumpleaños, 21 years for the Beni Anaconda, Eunectes beniensis (Dirksen, 2002) (Serpentes, Boidae): an update of voucher specimens, species’ distribution, and clarification of locality data of type specimens." Check List 19, no. 6 (2023): 847–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/19.6.847.
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Little information for Eunectes beniensis (Dirksen, 2002) (Serpentes, Boidae) exists in the scientific literature and museum data. We review the natural history, diet, reproduction, distribution of this species and discuss its identifying characteristics. We present new records and discuss the species&rsquo; distribution in Bolivia. As reported in the previous literature, the geographic locality data of the holotype and paratypes are incorrect. We report corrected data for these specimens and update knowledge of the species&rsquo; distributional status and natural history by summarizing novel and existing data from the entirety of this species&rsquo; known range. We provide a distribution map based on vouchered museum specimens.
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Liu, Heng, Xinyu Liu, Lufeng Nie, Xiaochun Hong, and Xiang Ji. "Research Progress of Urban Wind and Thermal Environment Based on CiteSpace and China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database." Sustainability 14, no. 20 (2022): 13108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142013108.
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The urban wind–thermal environment affects the sustainable development of the urban ecological environment. In recent years, China has frequently suffered from storms, hurricanes, floods, and other disasters that damage the urban ecology. The urban wind and thermal environment involves many components; therefore, it is necessary to systematically review the current research progress in China. This paper uses CiteSpace software to analyze researchers, institutions, keywords, and research hotspots. By summarizing the knowledge structure, temporal and spatial distribution, evolution trends, and frontiers and hotspots of urban wind and thermal environment research, it is found that (1) the urban wind and thermal environment has gradually become a research hotspot in the field of the urban ecological environment; (2) the cooperative relationship between authors generally presents the characteristics of “large dispersion, small aggregation”, and the inter-institutional cooperation in this field is close and forms part of the interdisciplinary cooperation; (3) the research content involves a variety of disciplines and provides a good platform for interdisciplinary research, and the focus of the research has gradually shifted from the macro urban layout to the micro urban local environment; and (4) in order to obtain a more targeted understanding of the mechanisms of the urban wind–thermal environment, technical methods and regulatory means should be used to study the target at different scales and levels. In the future, multidisciplinary communication should be strengthened, qualitative and quantitative research should be performed with the help of mature technical methods in various disciplines, and the scale classification of research objects should be refined to improve the theoretical methods and evaluation system of each scale.
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Sankar, B. P. Bijay, and N. M. Leepsa. "Payment Methods in Mergers and Acquisitions: A Theoretical Framework." International Journal of Accounting and Financial Reporting 8, no. 1 (2018): 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijafr.v8i1.12354.
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Purpose: This paper aims to review the prior literature on payment methods in Mergers and Acquisitions (M&As) and summarizing its effects on the performance of companies involved in M&As. This study also attempts to find out various determinants of the payment methods of M&As that affects the decision of payment methods in M&As. Methodology: To carry out the analysis, this study focuses the past literature relating to payment methods in M&As and summarizes the positive and negative effects of different payment methods. The review is carried out by dividing into four parts (i) Literature studies on cash payment method (ii) Literature studies on stock payment method (iii) Literature studies on mixed payment and (iv) Determinants of payment methods. The paper investigates based on the findings of the major studies.Research limitations: The scope of the study is confined to the contemporary review of M&As literature than the empirical survey. The study is focused more on giving suggestions for future work on M&As than providing conclusion. Research Implications: The knowledge gained from this study will help managers from both acquirer and target companies for selection of appropriate payment methods and improve their investment mechanism and strengthen their finances by value creation in M&As. Originality: To the authors’ knowledge this paper is the first attempt to document for summarizing the impact of different payment methods and its determinants of performance of M&As deals.