Literatura científica selecionada sobre o tema "Terrorisme"
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Artigos de revistas sobre o assunto "Terrorisme"
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Ducol, Benjamin. "Les dimensions émotionnelles du terrorisme : Émotions, radicalisation violente et engagement terroriste". Canadian Graduate Journal of Sociology and Criminology 2, n.º 2 (4 de outubro de 2013): 89–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.15353/cgjsc.v2i2.3769.
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Par une volonté louable de rompre avec des approches psychologisantes du phénomène terroriste dominantes au cours des années 1960-70, les recherches contemporaines en matière de terrorisme(s) et de violence(s) politique(s) ont très largement mis l’emphase sur la figure du « terroriste » comme acteur rationnel et stratégique. Face aux limites des approches rationalistes de l’engagement radical qui envisagent de manière réductionniste les individus au travers d’un calcul rationnel univoque en terme de coûts et d’incitatifs à l’action, il nous apparaît important de réintégrer dans les réflexions théoriques sur les phénomènes terroristes, les émotions afin d’en interroger le rôle dans la production d’une trajectoire violente et/ou terroriste Notre article se propose donc ici d’effectuer une revue de la littérature non-exhaustive des travaux actuels autour du rôle des émotions en matière de terrorisme, et d’éclairer les voies de recherches futures à la lumière de travaux déjà engagés dans le champ de la sociologie des mouvements sociaux, des nouveaux mouvements religieux ou encore de la sociologie cognitive. Au travers de ce « retour des émotions » qui traverse les sciences sociales et plus globalement le champ de la connaissance contemporaine, nous pensons qu’il s’avère en effet possible de dégager des pistes de recherches fructueuses permettant d’affiner notre regard sur les phénomènes terroristes et les logiques de radicalisation violente.Contemporary research on terrorism(s) and political violence(s) have largely put the emphasis on the figure of the "terrorist" as rational and strategic player, in a break with psychoanalytical approaches to terrorism that were dominant from the 1960-1970’s. Giventhe limitations of rationalist approaches to radical commitment, and considering how reductionist is the understanding of individual participation to terrorism related activities through a rational calculation framework in terms of costs and incentives to action, it is important to reintegrate in the theoretical reflections on terrorist phenomena how emotions can play a role in leading potential terrorists down a violent path. This paper presents acritical assessment of current academic work surrounding the issue of violent radicalization and involvement in terrorism, and engages in a theoretical debate thathighlights potential future research that could better integrate a prominent role foremotions in our understanding the process of terrorist radicalization and clandestine political violence.
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Tishler, Nicole Alexandra. "C, B, R, or N: The Influence of Related Industry on Terrorists' Choice in Unconventional Weapons". Canadian Graduate Journal of Sociology and Criminology 2, n.º 2 (30 de setembro de 2013): 52–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.15353/cgjsc.v2i2.3765.
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This study explores which factors, given that a terrorist has crossed the threshold into using chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) over conventional weapons, will determine the likelihood that he/she chooses to use C, B, R, or N weapons. Relying primarily on data from the incident-based Monterey WMD Database, it employs multinomial logit regression with C, B, R, or N as a categorical dependent variable: a first within the relevant econometric literature. Fundamentally, the study tests the widely-held—although empirically unsubstantiated—technological deterministic assumption that the more readily CBRN technology, materials, and knowledge are accessible to terrorists, the more likely terrorists will be to use unconventional weapons of the corresponding kind: a relationship hypothesized to be stronger for serious attack perpetrators than for hoaxers. Next, the study tests the notion of a continuum of proliferation potential, hypothesizing that as states’ regulatory capacity increases, biological terrorism will be most likely and nuclear terrorism will be least likely. Finally, the study assesses variables that have previously been proven as significant determinants of CBRN over conventional terrorism, to provide the groundwork for future evaluation of the extent to which terrorists may be induced to pursue C, B, R, or N over conventional weapons.Cette étude explore les facteurs, en supposant qu'un terroriste ait franchi le seuil des armes traditionnelles en utilisant des armes non traditionnelles comme les armes chimiques, biologiques, radiologiques et nucléaires (CBRN), qui détermineront la possibilité qu'il/elle choisisse d'utiliser les armes C, B, R ou N. En s'appuyant sur des données primaires de labase de données Monterey WMD, elle se sert d'une régression logit multinomial avec C, B,R ou N comme une variante dépendante catégorique : il s'agit d'une première pour la documentation pertinente économétrique. Principalement, l'étude vérifie la supposition très répandue - même si elle n'est pas empiriquement corroborée - comme quoi plus latechnologie CBRN, les matériaux et les connaissances sont accessibles aux terroristes, plus les terroristes seront portés à se servir d'armes non traditionnelles pour la situation quis'apprête : une relation censée être plus solide pour des auteurs d'agressions plus dangereuses que pour les charlatans. Ensuite, l'étude vérifie la notion d'une continuité de prolifération éventuelle, en supposant qu'avec l'augmentation de la capacité deréglementation de l'État, le terrorisme biologique serait le plus probable, alors que le terrorisme nucléaire serait le moins probable. Enfin, l'étude évalue les variantes qui ont déjà été prouvées comme déterminant de façon importante les CBRN plutôt que le terrorisme traditionnel, pour fournir un travail préparatoire pour de futures évaluations de l'étendue avec laquelle les terroristes pourraient être incités à se servir d'armes C, B, Rou N plutôt que des armes traditionnelles.
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Jacquemain, Marc. "Terrorisme, terroriste". Quaderni 63, n.º 1 (2007): 89–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/quad.2007.1794.
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Mégie, Antoine. "La «scène terroriste» : réflexions théoriques autour de l'«ancien» et du «nouveau» terrorisme". Canadian Journal of Political Science 43, n.º 4 (dezembro de 2010): 983–1003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000842391000096x.
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Résumé.Cette note de recherche se propose d'interroger le fait terroriste à travers une étude du paradigme faisant du terrorisme post-11 septembre 2001 un phénomène «nouveau». L'intérêt de cette contribution est d'examiner précisément la validité de ces études tout en dégageant une approche singulière du terrorisme en tant qu'objet de recherche. Grâce à l'élargissement de la focale d'analyse à un ensemble hétérogène d'acteurs (pouvoirs politiques et de sécurité, médias, opinions publiques), nous proposons une lecture en termes de «scène terroriste». Ne pas se centrer exclusivement sur l'étude des groupes revendiquant la violence politique offre la possibilité de poser de manière renouvelée la question de la nouveauté du terrorisme post-11 septembre comme phénomène politique à part entière.Abstract.The aim of this contribution consists in analyzing the “terrorism” through the academic and political struggles about the paradigm of the “new terrorism” since the events of 9/11. Thanks to the exploration of the real difference between “old” and “new” forms of terrorism, this research note argues the interest of a specific research design which implies multiplying levels and focus of analysis from the terrorism groups to counterterrorism actors, society and media. This approach in terms of “scène terroriste” asks in a new point of view the question of continuity of political violence since the bombing attacks of 9/11.
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Penny, Christopher K. "De-Conflicting Canada’s Anti-Terrorism Legislation: Khawaja and the Ongoing Challenges of the ‘Armed Conflict’ Exclusion". Windsor Yearbook of Access to Justice 27, n.º 2 (1 de outubro de 2009): 403. http://dx.doi.org/10.22329/wyaj.v27i2.4533.
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The definition of ‘terrorist activity’ is fundamental to Canada’s anti-terrorism legislation. Following the recent trial of Momin Khawaja before the Ontario Superior Court of Justice, it is clear that the ‘armed conflict’ exclusion – exempting wartime activities undertaken in accordance with international law – poses serious challenges to the coherence of this legislative regime, threatening the effectiveness of future domestic terrorism prosecutions. This article examines the ‘armed conflict’ exclusion and its judicial treatment in Khawaja, identifying key challenges and making specific recommendations to address them. Coupled with other issues arising from the ‘armed conflict’ exclusion, Khawaja serves to highlight a clear and pressing need for amendment of the statutory definition of ‘terrorist activity.’La définition d’ « activité terroriste » est un élément fondamental de la législation canadienne contre le terrorisme. Suite au récent procès de Momin Khawaja devant la Cour supérieure de justice de l’Ontario, il est clair que l’exclusion « conflit armé » - qui fait exemption d’activités en temps de guerre entreprises conformément au droit international – présente des défis importants à la cohérence de ce régime législatif, menaçant l’efficacité de poursuites contre le terrorisme au Canada à l’avenir. Cet article examine l’exclusion « conflit armé » et le traitement juridique que l’on en fait dans Khawaja, identifiant des défis-clés et faisant des recommandations précises pour en traiter. En conjonction avec d’autres questions que soulève l’exclusion « conflit armé », Khawaja sert à mettre en évidence un besoin clair et pressant de modification à la définition statutaire d’ « activité terroriste ».
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Gagnon, Benoît. "Les opérations terroristes réseaucentriques". Criminologie 39, n.º 1 (26 de junho de 2006): 23–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/013124ar.
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RésuméLes travaux effectués sur le terrorisme ont tendance à décrire le phénomène comme un élément statique. Or, pour bien comprendre le terrorisme, il est de notre avis qu’il faut plutôt conduire des analyses plus « biologiques » qui examinent, en juxtaposition, le fonctionnement interne des groupes terroristes et l’environnement dans lequel ils évoluent. Ce texte aura donc pour but de prendre en considération cette dynamique interne/externe. Cela nous permettra de constater que les organisations terroristes contemporaines ont pu créer de nouvelles méthodes de fonctionnement : les opérations réseaucentriques. Ce nouveau mode opérationnel a pour objectif d’accroître l’efficacité de l’organisation terroriste et de lui permettre de mieux faire face au contexte de sécurité actuel. En exploitant le potentiel des technologies de l’information, les groupes terroristes se sont dotés de moyens pour résister aux opérations contre-terroristes.
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Cheour, M., F. Fekih-Romdhane e L. Chenouffi. "Le profil des terroristes suicidaires". European Psychiatry 30, S2 (novembro de 2015): S141—S142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2015.09.281.
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IntroductionLe terrorisme-suicide est la forme la plus meurtrière de terrorisme. C’est la seule forme de combat où l’attaquant envisage des actions extrêmes dans lesquelles il ne prévoit pas de survivre à la mission. Le mode opératoire adopté est difficilement explicable, car l’attaquant décide avec détermination de se suicider en même temps qu’il décide de tuer.Objectif et méthodeNotre travail propose une revue de la littérature théorique existante afin d’examiner le profil psychopathologique du terroriste suicidaire.RésultatsPeu d’études formelles ont été publiées sur la psychopathologie des terroristes suicidaires; avec des résultats mitigés. Différentes études sur le sujet ont conclu qu’il n’existe aucun attribut psychologique particulier pouvant décrire une « personnalité terroriste ». D’après certains auteurs, les terroristes suicidaires sont dotés d’une santé mentale solide et n’ont pas de passé criminel. En effet, les recruteurs de futures bombes humaines écarteraient d’emblée les personnes d’allure mentalement instables. Cependant, cela a été contredit par d’autres études montrant qu’un grand nombre de kamikazes que la police avait arrêté après échecs de leurs attentats-suicides étaient mentalement déséquilibrés ou cognitivement déficients. Plusieurs études ont affirmé que les terroristes suicidaires ne sont pas en réalité suicidaires. Mais, il n’y a aucune preuve probante étant donné l’absence d’utilisation d’outils d’évaluation structurés et systématiques.ConclusionLa genèse du terroriste suicidaire semble être multifactorielle. L’étude du profil psychopathologique des terroristes suicidaires devrait avoir des implications cliniques et préventives.
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Cunha, Alexandre Mendes, Frederico Canuto, Lucas Linhares e Roberto Luís Monte-Mór. "O terror superposto: uma leitura do conceito lefebvriano de terrorismo na sociedade urbana contemporânea". Revista Brasileira de Estudos Urbanos e Regionais 5, n.º 2 (30 de novembro de 2003): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.22296/2317-1529.2003v5n2p27.
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O trabalho visa introduzir o conceito de terrorismo e sociedade terrorista no pensamento de Henri Lefebvre, buscando suas relações com a realidade contemporânea. São assim apresentados alguns conceitos centrais ao pensamento lefebvriano, como vida quotidiana, sociedade burocrática do consumo dirigido e seus mecanismos de coerção, e a questão urbana pensada como espaço de abertura, desdobramento/superação da virtualidade do terrorismo contemporâneo. O texto traz considerações sobre o problema recente do terrorismo, analisando o tempo presente – e a realidade urbana em particular – como sobreposição de terrorismos: dos atentados e da lógica própria de reprodução de uma sociedade super-repressiva. O tema da abertura é discutido então a partir da inspiração lefebvriana e de um diálogo possível com trabalhos recentes de Nestor Garcia Canclini, James Holston e Noam Chomsky.Palavras-chave: terrorismo; sociedade terrorista; questão urbana; Henri Lefebvre. Abstract: The paper aims at introducing Henri Lefebvre’s concepts of terrorism and terrorist society in its relations with the contemporary world. Key Lefebvrian concepts such as everyday life and bureaucratic society of organized consumption and its coercive mechanisms, and the urban society taken as space of openness, a possibility of unfolding/overcoming virtual contemporary terrorism. The paper presents considerations about current terrorist problems by analyzing the present scenario – and the urban society in particular – as a superimposition of terrorism: terror attacks and the logic proper to the reproduction of a super-repressive society. The openness is thus discussed from both a Lefèbvrian conceptual inspiration and a possible dialogue with recent works of Nestor Garcia Canclini, James Holston, and Noam Chomsky. Keywords: terrorism; terrorist society; the urban question; Henri Lefebvre.
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Kabolo Iko, Kabwita. "DU MENAGE DU POLITIQUE, DU RELIGIEUX ET DU MILITAIRE DANS LE TERRORISME ISLAMISTE". Revue Intelligence Stratégique 1, n.º 001 (1 de julho de 2018): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.62912/stzy7954.
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Des Esséniens aux Assassins, des Anarchistes aux Nihilistes, des mouvements vandales aux inconditionnels du Ku Klux Klan…, des groupes semant la terreur dans les sociétés anciennes et modernes ont fait du chemin et existent depuis la haute antiquité. Mais de là à trouver des organisations irréductiblement terroristes, il a fallu attendre le concours de plusieurs événements de la fin du XXe siècle accompagnant la mondialisation, tremplin de toutes formes de circulations, y compris de l’idéologie terroriste. On peut s’en douter, l’internationalisation du terrorisme islamiste se revendique d’une structuration à la fois politique, religieuse et militaire : c’est aussi à la fois un nœud gordien pour l’Occident qui serait alors sa principale cible, mais surtout un cauchemar pour les sociétés musulmanes, premières victimes d’un combat politique sur fond d’application de la charia (la loi islamique) tout en usant des moyens militaires plutôt affreux et hautement spectaculaires. Nul dans le monde actuel ne peut ignorer la fulgurance des organisations islamistes déterminées à en découdre avec les « mécréants et les infidèles » par la seule voie de leur convenance : le terrorisme international. Mots-clés : Politique, Religion, terrorisme et militaire
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Nicol, Camille, Émilie Zaoré-Vanié e Katharina Niemeyer. "Les images de la femme « terroriste » dans l’archive médiatique canadienne". Communication & langages N° 215-216, n.º 1 (22 de setembro de 2023): 39–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/comla1.215.0039.
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Cet article vise à réfléchir la place de l’image d’archive télévisuelle et de la photographie de presse en sciences humaines et sociales, notamment en études médiatiques et visuelles. Il s’agit d’interroger ce que l’image fait au, pour et avec le savoir sur le passé et pour quels horizons dans le contexte de la médiatisation historique du terrorisme, et plus spécifiquement au sujet de la médiatisation de la femme « terroriste ». L’objectif de cet article est de montrer que les images montrant des femmes « terroristes » ne sont pas seulement illustratives d’un discours médiatique, mais qu’elles montrent surtout comment s’est construit un regard journalistique dans le temps et une « façon de faire » quand il s’agit de construire la mise en scène, donc les signes, autour de la problématique des femmes impliquées dans des violences politiques qualifiées de « terrorisme » au moment ou en aval de leur résurgence.
Teses / dissertações sobre o assunto "Terrorisme"
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Al, kaabi Juma. "La gestion de la menace terroriste. Le système français de prévention et de répression". Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE3025/document.
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Cette thèse porte sur la gestion du risque terroriste en France.En tant que droit fondamental, la sécurité publique est prise en charge par l’État qui a le devoir d’assurer la défense et la protection des personnes et des biens publiques. Afin de protéger le pays contre tout risque et toute menace terroriste, la France, un des pays du monde les plus ciblés par les terroristes, a dû s’adapter aux nouvelles formes de terrorisme qui sévissent. Pour ce faire, elle a mis en place un important dispositif d’outils et de moyens de prévention et de répression pour lutter contre le terrorisme, tels que les fichiers de police informatisés. Des outils dérogatoires de prévention du terrorisme ont ainsi été créés, d’autres ont été perfectionnés. Dans ce contexte de lutte contre le terrorisme, de nombreux acteurs interviennent, au niveau local, national, mais aussi européen et international, au sein des institutions.De leur côté, les législateurs, devant les diverses formes de terrorisme, mais également face à la fréquence de tels actes et à leur violence toujours plus grande, ont dû créer de nouvelles lois relatives à la répression et à la prévention des actions terroristes.Ils se sont aussi attachés à la répression du financement du terrorisme en incriminant les personnes qui seraient, directement ou indirectement liées à des réseaux criminels. Enfin, grâce à une collaboration efficace des acteurs sur les plans international, européen et national, ainsi qu’à des outils opérationnels et des moyens de plus en plus performants, la sécurité des personnes et des biens publics est assuréeThis thesis focuses on terrorist risk management in France.As a fundamental right, public safety is supported by the State, it has the duty to defend and protect people and public property. To protect the country against all risks and terrorist threat, France, one of the most targeted countries of the world by the terrorists, had to adapt to new forms of terrorism. To do this, it has established an important tool device and means of prevention and enforcement to fight against terrorism, such as computerized police files. Derogatory tools to prevent terrorism have also been created, others have been improved. In this context of fight against terrorism, many actors involved, at local, national as well as European and international, within the institutions.For their part, legislators, facing the frequency of such acts and their ever-increasing violence, had to create new laws for the repression and prevention of terrorism.They also committed to the suppression of terrorist financing by criminalizing those who would be directly or indirectly linked to criminal networks. Finally, through effective collaboration of actors on the international, European and national, as well as operational tools and means of increasingly effective, the safety of persons and public goods is assured
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Villacampa, Megía Francisco. "La legislación europea ante el fenómeno del terrorismo yihadista". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Abat Oliba, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/457434.
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L'objectiu d'aquesta tesi doctoral és determinar si les polítiques antiterroristes empreses en la Unió Europea han disminuït l'amenaça gihadista. En primer lloc hem abordat la ideologia en què es basa el gihadisme. A continuació s'han tractat els principals instruments jurídics i policials aprovats a l'Espai de llibertat, seguretat i justícia. Finalment hem desenvolupat les estratègies que en l'àmbit de la prevenció de la radicalització s'han aprovat a nivell comunitari i estatal.
Les polítiques de prevenció juntament les de protecció, persecució i resposta conformen els pilars de la lluita antiterrorista a la Unió Europea. En l'estudi s'observa un augment de la mobilització i de les accions gihadistes. Aquesta circumstància obliga els Estats membres a millorar la cooperació judicial i policial.
El retorn dels "combatents estrangers", així com els processos ràpids de radicalització de nombrosos ciutadans europeus ho fa imprescindible .Destacamos la importància de les polítiques d'integració dirigides a la Comunitat musulmana, amb l'objectiu que els seus membres, sobretot, els més joves no es vegin atrets per l'islam rigorista, com a pas previ a convertir-se en terroristes.El objetivo de esta Tesis Doctoral es determinar si las políticas antiterroristas emprendidas en la Unión Europea han disminuido la amenaza yihadista. En primer lugar hemos abordado la ideología en la que se basa el yihadismo. A continuación se han tratado los principales instrumentos jurídicos y policiales aprobados en el Espacio de libertad, seguridad y justicia. Finalmente hemos desarrollado las estrategias que en el ámbito de la prevención de la radicalización se han aprobado a nivel comunitario y estatal. Las políticas de prevención junto las de protección, persecución y respuesta conforman los pilares de la lucha antiterrorista en la Unión Europea. En el estudio se observa un aumento de la movilización y de las acciones yihadistas. Esta circunstancia obliga a los Estados miembros a mejorar la cooperación judicial y policial. El retorno de los "combatientes extranjeros", así como los procesos rápidos de radicalización de numerosos ciudadanos europeos lo hace imprescindible .Destacamos la importancia de las políticas de integración dirigidas a la Comunidad musulmana, con el objetivo de que sus miembros, sobre todo, los más jóvenes no se vean atraídos por el islam rigorista, como paso previo a convertirse en terroristas.
The aim of this Doctoral Thesis is to determine whether anti-terrorist policies undertaken in the European Union have diminished the jihadist threat. In the first place we have approached the ideology on which jihadism is based. The main legal and police instruments adopted in the area of freedom, security and justice have been discussed below. Finally we have developed the strategies that have been approved at the community and state level in the area of radicalization prevention. Prevention policies together with protection, persecution and response form the pillars of the fight against terrorism in the European Union. The study shows an increase inmobilization and jihadist actions. This requires Member States to improve judicial and police cooperation. The return of "foreign fighters", as well as the rapid processes of radicalization of many European citizens, makes it imperative. We emphasize the importance of integration policies aimed at the Muslim community, with the aim that its members, Younger people are not attracted to rigorous Islam, as a precursor to becoming terrorists.
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Alix, Julie. "Terrorisme et droit pénal : étude critique des incriminations terroristes". Paris 1, 2008. https://buadistant.univ-angers.fr/login?url=https://bibliotheque.lefebvre-dalloz.fr/secure/isbn/9782247091713.
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Parce qu'elle défInit les frontières du licite et de l'illicite, la défInition du crime est une question majeure en droit pénal. En matière terroriste, cette question se pose avec une acuité particulière; la défInition pénale du terrorisme est une véritable construction qui tente de concilier des intérêts multiples, et non la simple transposition de données criminologiques. Notamment, parce que la commission d'une infraction terroriste déclenche un régime dérogatoire, la déftnition de la criminalité terroriste est imprégnée de considérations instrumentales: le champ d'application souhaité pour le dispositif dérogatoire, la nature _ non politique - de criminalité terroriste. Fond et forme sont combinés pour que la qualifIcation terroriste soit la plus large possible. À cette fIn, la qualifIcation terroriste est attachée à l'ensemble dû phénomène terroriste - action terroriste et soutien au terrorisme - et la spécifIcité du terrorisme est éclipsée. Dispositif d'exception, le dispositif d'incrimination terroriste est un outil à part entière au service de la politique criminelle de lutte contre le terrorisme. Les incriminations contribuent pleinement à la politique d'intensifIcation et d'anticipation de la répression menée en matière terroriste. La qualifIcation terroriste traduit en outre la vocation protectrice excessivement large assignée aux incriminations terroristes. Critique, l'étude des incriminations terroristes conduit donc à rechercher les voies d'un meilleur équilibre répressif en la matière et propose des pistes d'amélioration de l'incrimination du terrorisme.
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Montfort, Mathieu. "La prévention du terrorisme". Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON10038.
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Le terrorisme est un phénomène complexe. La menace qu'il constitue pour les Etats et la communauté internationale conduit à ne plus limiter son appréhension à la seule répression de ses manifestations. Les politiques nationales sont ainsi dirigées vers une anticipation des actes terroristes. Dès lors, la prévention du terrorisme ne se contente plus d'une organisation juridique performante, mais oriente ses priorités sur des services de renseignements efficaces, sur la lutte contre le financement des activités terroristes et tend à anticiper les menaces nouvelles de type NRBC notamment. L'évidente insuffisance d'une prise en charge uniquement nationale du phénomène n'étant plus à démontrer face à un terrorisme transnational, une approche internationale apparait nécessaire. Bien qu'imparfaite, elle se matérialise par une prise en charge juridique du phénomène mais également par une coopération diplomatique, policière et judiciaire dont l'efficacité n'est souvent pas à la hauteur de la menace, demeurant ainsi largement perfectible. Dès lors, face aux difficultés et imperfections nationales et internationales existantes, l'amélioration de la prévention du terrorisme doit conduire à une réflexion sur ses causes afin de pallier les motivations terroristes et doit s'accompagner d'une étude sur les perspectives futures de manifestations terroristes afin d'anticiper et de prévenir au mieux le terrorisme d'aujourd'hui et ce que peut être le terrorisme de demainThe terrorism is a complex phenomenon. The threat which it establishes for States and the international community leads not to limit any more its apprehension to the only repression of its demonstrations. The national politics are so managed towards an anticipation of the terrorist acts. From then on, the prevention of the terrorism contents itself no more than a successful legal organization, but direct its priorities on services of effective information, on wrestling against the financing of the terrorist activities and tends to anticipate type NRBC's new threats in particular. The evident incapacity of an only national coverage of the phenomenon not being any more to demonstrate in front of a transnational terrorism, an international approach seems necessary. Although imperfect, it materializes by a legal coverage of the phenomenon but also by a diplomatic, police and judicial cooperation, the efficiency of which is not often as high as the threat, remaining so widely perfectible. From then on, in front of difficulties and existing national and international imperfections, the improvement of the prevention of the terrorism has to lead to a reflection on its causes to mitigate the terrorist motivations and has to come along with a study on the future perspectives of terrorist demonstrations to anticipate and prevent at best the current terrorism and that can be the terrorism of tomorrow
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Hodja, Mirushe. "Les mesures de la lutte contre le terrorisme et la République de Macédoine". Thesis, Nice, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013NICE0049.
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Cette recherche, pour analyser le positionnement de la République de Macédoine envers les mesures de la lutte contre le terrorisme transnational et l’idéologie du terrorisme contemporain, commence par la détermination de la notion du terrorisme, en se basant sur des principes récurrents concernant la formation des patterns du comportement humain. Elle conduit à faire une interdépendance entre l’acteur non-étatique et l’acteur étatique au sein de l’émergence du terrorisme, lors de laquelle la construction du terrorisme à cause (des dictats) de la géopolitique fait une référence explicite à l’émergence des courants (spécifiques) de l’idéologie du terrorisme. Le travail réalisé confirme l’idée sur la causalité circulaire dans l’émergence du terrorisme et prouve l’intérêt de cette recherche par l’identification des certains conclusions et solutions visant à aider l’État macédonien et les autres États à gérer plus efficacement leur engagement sur la réduction de cette violence. Le soutien étatique aux actes terroristes des acteurs non-étatiques, le terrorisme étatique et le terrorisme sponsorisé par l’État ne révèlent qu’un segment de la chaîne de la causalité circulaire, où l’auto-organisation du terrorisme émerge en se hétéro-organisant avec la lutte contre le terrorisme (avec l’acteur étatique). Le travail introduit les notions du « post post-islamisme » et du « post neo-fondamentalisme », en tant que des nouveaux courants de l’idéologie du terrorisme. Il introduit également la technique de l’analyse des « textes » (contre)terroristes - à laquelle nous proposons l’appellation l’« intertextualité du terrorisme »In its intention to analyze the position of the R. of Macedonia towards the measures of war against international terrorism and the ideology of contemporary terrorism, this work starts by defining the notion of terrorism, based on recurrent principles concerning the formation of patterns of human behavior. It leads to interdependence between a non-state actor and a state actor within the emergence of terrorism, while the construction of terrorism, because the dictates geopolitics make explicit reference to the emergence of specific currents of ideology of terrorism. This work confirms the idea about the circular causality within the emergence of terrorism and it proves the interest of this research by identifying certain conclusions and solutions aimed at helping the Macedonian state (as well as other states) to manage their engagement more effectively towards the reduction of this violence. State support of terrorist acts of non-state actors, state terrorism and state-sponsored terrorism reveal one segment of the chain of circular causality, whereby the self-organization of terrorism emerges by its hetero-organization with the war on terror (with the state actor). The work introduces the notions of “post post-islamism” and “post neo-fundamentalism” indicating the new currents of the ideology of terrorism. It also introduces the technique aimed for analyzing (counter)terrorist “texts” – to which we propose the appellation “the intertextuality of terrorism”
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Buf-Machrafi, Virginie. "Gouvernance et terrorisme". Thesis, Artois, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ARTO0302.
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Cette thèse se propose d’explorer le rôle de l’État de droit comme réponse aux terrorismes. Structurée en deux grandes parties, l’auteure montre dans la première partie comment les terrorismes constituent un nouveau défi à la gouvernance. Elle en examine dans un premier temps, les caractéristiques et les instruments de la mécanique terroriste qui forment la stratégie terroriste en étudiant les éléments constitutifs de la violence terroriste. C’est à travers l’exposition d’un panorama de définitions qu’un certain nombre de paradoxes apparaissent dont l’impossibilité d’une définition universelle et unanime. Il en résulte que le terrorisme est une notion subjective, une violence composite, dynamique et multiforme. Dans un second temps, cette thèse montre comment s’articule la relation complexe du terrorisme à l’État. Ainsi, le terrorisme peut être soit un outil d’influence externe de l’État soit une menace tournée contre ce dernier. Toutefois, la menace terroriste a évolué. Actuellement, le terrorisme islamiste constitue la menace la plus sérieuse (nouvel esprit du terrorisme). D’une menace territorialisée le terrorisme est devenu transnational. La réponse immédiate des États fut le renforcement des systèmes législatifs et de sécurité. C’est une guerre contre le terrorisme qui est déclarée. La seconde partie de cette thèse traite des niveaux de la gouvernance antiterroriste. Face au terrorisme, la gouvernance constitue à la fois une action de prévention contre la terreur et de répression. La détermination des États d’assurer leur sécurité, trouve pour une partie sa légitimité dans les organisations multilatérales. De même, ce travail souligne le rôle des législations nationales antiterroristes, qui ont été profondément modifiées après les attentats du 11 septembre 2001. L’accent est alors mis sur les spécificités du modèle français de lutte contre le terrorisme. Ainsi, notre démarche s’est basée sur une analyse comparative (modèle anglo-saxon) et sur l’étude des interactions entre les différents niveaux de la gouvernance antiterroriste. En somme, ce travail démontre que l’État de droit est une réponse durable au terrorisme qui doit être complétée par des mesures de défense (renseignement, surveillance, etc.)This thesis investigates the role of the State under the rule of law as an answer to terrorism. Therefore it is structured in two parts. The author shows in the first part how terrorism constitutes a new challenge in the governance. She firstly examines the characteristics and the instruments of the terrorist mechanics which form the terrorist strategy by studying the constituent elements of the terrorist violence. It is through the exposure of a panorama of definitions that certain number of paradoxes appears of which the impossibility of a universal and unanimous definition. As a result, terrorism is a subjective notion, a composite, dynamic and multi-form violence. Secondly, this thesis shows how articulates the complex relationship of terrorism with the State. Therefore terrorism can be either an external tool of influence of the State or a threat turned against the latter. However, the threat of terrorism evolved. Currently The Islamist terrorism constitutes the most serious threat (new spirit of terrorism). Of a territorialized threat, terrorism became transnational. The immediate answer of States was the reinforcement of the legislative systems and security. It is a War against Terrorism how is declared. The second part of this thesis deals with levels of the antiterrorist governance. In front of terrorism, the governance constitutes at the same time an action of prevention against terror and repression. The determination of the States to assure their security, finds partly legitimacy in the multilateral organizations. This work underlines also the role of the antiterrorist national legislations, which were profoundly modified following the attacks of September 11th, 2001. The accent is therefore put on the specificities of the French fight model against terrorism. Thus, our approach is based on a comparative analysis (Anglo-Saxon model) and on a study of the interactions between the various levels of the antiterrorist governance. In sum, this work shows that the State under the rule of law is a long-lasting answer to terrorism which must be completed by measures of defense (piece of information, intelligence service, etc.)
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Wieviorka, Michel. "Sociologie du terrorisme". Lille 3 : ANRT, 1989. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376192338.
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Wieviorka, Michel. "Sociologie du terrorisme". Paris, EHESS, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988EHES0027.
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Cette these propose une analyse en profondeur du terrorisme contemporain. Dans une premiere partie, elle propose un ensemble d'outils conceptuals permettant de comprendre l'apparition, puis le developpement et le declin de mouvements terroristes. Puis elle envisage, de facon tres documentee et avec pour la plupart une connaissance precise du "terrain" plusieurs grandes experiences. La premiere est celle du sentier lumineux, au perou, nee de la rencontre d'etudiants maoistes et de communautes paysannes des andes. Cette etude est suivie d'une analyse du populisme russe puis du terrorisme anarchiste, ce qui permet d'introduire la notion d'inversion-amont. Vient ensuite l'etude du terrorisme italien d'extremegauche, qui fut massif et dont la violence de plus en plus aveugle doit beaucoup a la decomposition du mouvement ouvrier, puis a l'echec des remises en causes culturelles portees par l'"autonomie" de 1977-1978. Une autre experience analysee est celle d'eta, au pays basque, mouvement qui s'efforce de parler simultanement au nom de la nation basque et au nom du proletariat et des acteurs sociaux domines. Enfin, la these envisage le mouvement palestinien, qui est terroriste dans ses franges bien plus qu'en son coeur, et s'acheve par l'etude de la violence chiite au libanThis thesis suggests an analysis in depth of the contemporary terrorism. The first part presents conceptual tools allowing to understand the emergence and the decline of terrorists movements. Then it shows, with a lot of information, many great experiences on fieldwork. The first one is the experience of the "sendero luminoso" in peru, born from the junction between maoists students and andean countrymen. This study is followed by an analysis of russian populism then by anarchist terrorism, which introduces the idea of "upstream-inversion". Then comes the study of the italian terrorism, which was a massive one and which growing blind violence is endebted to the decay of labourmovement and to the check of cultural summoning back carried by the "autonomist movement" between 1977 and 1978. An other study is the experience of eta, in basque country, this movement representing alternatively proletarians and social actors of dominated classes. Finally, this thesis considers the palestinian movement which presents terrorist tendencies on its fringes rather than on its center and comes to an end with the study of libanese "chiite" violence
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Ghedamsi, Mohamed Alaeddine. "Terrorisme et tourisme international à l'ère de la globalisation". Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU10042.
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Entre 1970 et 2017 le terrorisme a frappé 180 000 fois dans le monde. Il devient l’un des défis sécuritaires majeurs de notre époque. Ce phénomène n’a épargné aucun territoire ni aucune cible, notamment le tourisme. L’important essor du tourisme international se confronte chaque jour davantage à l’ascension du terrorisme. À partir de ce constat, l’objectif de ce travail de recherche réside dans l’amélioration de la connaissance du lien de causalité entre le terrorisme et le tourisme. Notre approche théorique repose sur la rationalité de l’acteur terroriste. La première partie est consacrée à la détermination des motivations du terrorisme au sujet du tourisme. La deuxième partie porte sur l’impact du terrorisme sur l’économie du tourisme internationale. En plus de la séparation du tourisme et de ses cibles, l’originalité de notre recherche repose sur l’attention théorique portée à la mécanique terroriste par l’intermédiaire de la doctrine du terrorisme, ses acteurs, son action, et les modes opératoires employés. En termes empiriques, elle relève de la dissociation des cibles touristiques de celles non touristiques, la catégorisation des variables indépendantes du terrorisme et l’interrogation d’autres facteurs d’influences de la demande touristique. Dans une thématique peu abordée par la littérature, cette thèse apporte une vision dynamique des mécanismes de la relation entre le tourisme et le terrorismeWithin 1970 and 2017, terrorism has hit the world 180,000 times. It has become one of the major security challenges of our time. This phenomenon has spared no territories or targets, among which; tourism. The important growth of international tourism is increasingly confronted with the rise of terrorism. Departing from this observation, the objective of this research work is to improve the knowledge of the causal link between terrorism and tourism. Our theoretical approach is based on the rationality of the terrorist actor. The first part is devoted to determining the motivations of terrorism for tourism. The second part focuses on the impact of terrorism on the international tourism economy. In addition to the separation of tourism and its targets, the originality of our research is focuses on the theoretical attention given to terrorist mechanics through the doctrine of terrorism, its actors, its action, and the operating methods adopted. In empirical terms, it relates to the dissociation of tourist targets from non-tourism targets. Moreover it also relates to the categorization of the independent variables of terrorism and the questioning of other factors which influence tourism demand. In a theme rarely addressed to by literature, this thesis provides a dynamic vision of the mechanisms of the relationship between tourism and terrorism
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Gilly, Thomas. "Aspects criminologiques du terrorisme". Toulouse 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993TOU10026.
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Avec "terrorisme et démocratie" et "Marx et la révolution française", F. Furet ouvre la voie à une approche métacritique de la dialectique cherchant à identifier dialectique comme phénomène terroriste et terrorisme comme phénomène dialectique. En matérialisant le primat ainsi que l'antinomie du moment formel dans la dialectique forme-contenu, terrorisme est moins l'expression de la contradiction droit naturel droit positif que plutôt la réponse du positivisme à sa propre inconséquence : le terroriste, opposant à la légalité abstraite de l'Etat et du droit un droit naturel de résistance reste un positiviste et utilitariste convaincu. Terrorisme, c'est le dilemme d'une criminalité qui, en refusant sa réduction à la dichotomie criminalité ordinaire - criminalité politique, refuse cette utilité sociale qu'un Marx et un Durkheim avaient tant célébrée - refusée, mais y est ramenée. Positivisme garde par rapport au droit naturel classique l'avantage de révéler consciemment, son despotisme, tout en restant à ce titre comme la matrice pour sa propre méta-critiqueAbstract Mr. Furet pointed out one of the most important leitmotivs of speculative and materialist dialectic-the critique of practical idealism and formal democracy. In this way he opens the door to a metacritical approach to positive and negative dialectic. Terrorism may conceptualize in the pattern: primacy and antinomy of the formel moment-that is law-in the dialectic right-law. Terrorism is less the contradiction between natural right and positivism, but rather the response of positivism to its own inconsequence: the terrorist opposing to abstract legacy of state and law a natural right of resistance still remains a convinces positivist and utilitarist. Compared to classical natural right, positivism has the advantage to be able to its own self-critic, and so to figure a metacritical category. Terrorism reflects the dilemma of criminality refusing the Marxist and the Durkheim pattern of social utility, but must 100se its revolt against it, and therefore against the dichotomy ordinary-political crime-the structure determinant of its typical state
Livros sobre o assunto "Terrorisme"
1
Maxwell, Taylor. The terrorist. London: Brassey's Defence Publishers, 1988.
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Organization, North Atlantic Treaty, ed. Terrorism =: Le Terrorisme. Brussels: NATO library, 1991.
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Thompson, John C. Other people's wars: A review of overseas terrorism in Canada. Toronto: Mackenzie Institute, 2003.
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Service, Canadian Security Intelligence. Trends in terrorism =: Tendances du terrorisme. Ottawa, Ont: Canadian Security Intelligence Service = Service canadien du renseignement de sécurité, 2000.
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Hibbert, Adam. Le terrorisme. Bonneuil-les-Eaux [France]: Gamma, 2002.
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Bell, Stewart. Terreur froide: La filière canadienne du terrorisme international. Montréal, Qué: Éditions de l'Homme, 2004.
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Simon, Jeffrey. The terrorist trap: America's experience with terrorism. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1994.
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Simon, Jeffrey D. The terrorist trap: America's experience with terrorism. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1994.
Encontre o texto completo da fonteCapítulos de livros sobre o assunto "Terrorisme"
1
Crettiez, Xavier. "Terrorisme". In Discours de haine et de radicalisation, 467–74. ENS Éditions, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/books.enseditions.44210.
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Hecker, Marc. "Terrorisme". In Les États submergés ?, 78–81. Institut français des relations internationales, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/ifri.demon.2011.01.0078.
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Mafart, Jean. "Terrorisme". In Dictionnaire du renseignement, 754–62. Perrin, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/perri.mouto.2018.01.0754.
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Hecker, Marc. "Terrorisme". In Le défi des émergents, 246–51. Institut français des relations internationales, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/ifri.demon.2014.01.0246.
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Mafart, Jean. "Contre-terrorisme". In Dictionnaire du renseignement, 193–203. Perrin, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/perri.mouto.2018.01.0193.
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Rakmil, Victor. "Le terrorisme". In Sécurité humaine et nouvelle diplomatie, 228–34. McGill-Queen's University Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9780773570535-024.
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"Bibliographie". In Le Terrorisme, 275–80. Odile Jacob, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/oj.betta.2013.01.0275.
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"Bibliographie". In Le Terrorisme, 127–28. Flammarion, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/flam.sommi.2000.01.0127.
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"Bibliographie". In Le terrorisme, 245–49. Chihab Éditions, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/chihab.boukr.2022.01.0245.
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"Table des matières". In Terrorisme et anti-terrorisme au Canada, 269–73. Les Presses de l’Université de Montréal, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9782760625594-toc.
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Stancu, Adriana Iuliana. "COMBATING THE FINANCING TERRORISM: AN ANALYSIS OF THE EU REGULATORY FRAMEWORK AND ENFORCEMENT MECHANISM". In 11th SWS International Scientific Conferences on SOCIAL SCIENCES - ISCSS 2024, 127–34. SGEM WORLD SCIENCE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.35603/sws.iscss.2024/s02/06.
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European Union (EU) has been at the forefront of efforts to disrupt and dismantle the financial networks that sustain terrorist organizations. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the regulatory frameworks and enforcement mechanisms employed by the EU in its fight against the financing of terrorism. The study analyses the threat by examining the different funding methods used over the years by various terrorist organizations. Then, the research scrutinizes the role of EU frameworks and mechanisms to mitigate those threats. It explores the challenges posed by divergent national implementations and the measures taken to enhance cooperation and information-sharing among member states. The research evaluates ongoing efforts to address these challenges, including the new Regulation on the Traceability of Transfers of Funds (TFR). In conclusion, the paper provides a comprehensive overview of the EU�s CFT architecture framework. It analyses the strengths and weaknesses of the existing regulatory framework and enforcement mechanisms, including identifying potential gaps and areas for improvement within the EU�s CTF framework, offering recommendations for strengthening regulatory oversight, enhancing cross-border collaboration, and addressing emerging threats posed by evolving financial technologies.
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Ghicioi, Emilian, Dan Gabor, Mirela Radu e Anca Tazlauanu. "BLASTING TECHNOLOGY FOR NEUTRALIZING IMPROVISED EXPLOSIVE DEVICES". In 24th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 24, 227–34. STEF92 Technology, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2024/1.1/s03.31.
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An attack with a "improvised" explosive device (IED) is when someone uses a bomb and/or destructive device to cause damage, render someone helpless, harass, or divert attention. Terrorists, criminals, vandals, suicide bombers, and rebels all utilize IEDs. IEDs can take many different shapes because they are improvised; they can be as simple as a pipe bomb or as complex as a sophisticated weapon that can inflict significant damage and casualties. IEDs can be transported or carried in a car; they can also be delivered in a package; they can be delivered by a person; or they can be hidden by the side of the road. In the course of 2023, INSEMEX perfected, patented, and tested the liquid-jet neutralization device of the improvised explosive devices DNJLDEI (prototype for an improvised bombs neutralization device, Patented Request CBI OSIM nr. a/00178/11.04.2023), which has the potential to be a valuable tool for urban interventions against terrorist attack. In this paper was presented the liquid-jet neutralization device of the improvised explosive devices DNJLDEI (prototype for a neutralization device of improvised explosive bombs), which has the potential to be a valuable tool for urban interventions against the terrorist attack. Tests were carried out for the two improved variants of plastic containers, with measurements of the velocity of the projected liquid jet (water). The experimental test program of DNJLDEI included the final verification of functionality of new prototype of IED neutralization device, based on liquid-jet, the operational validation being performed upon a bomb briefcase, which was neutralised by accuracy destroying of detonator, without damages of explosive charge.
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Petrović, Dragana. "MEDIA, TERRORISM AND LAW ENFORCEMENT". In International scientific conference challenges and open issues of service law. Vol. 1. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of law, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/xxmajsko1.239p.
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Considering its basic idea (essence), terrorism is shown to be "propaganda with the help of violence". This special theatrical form of violence, through media communication, attracts the attention of millions of people. Has the media become the "weapon" of the terrorists they report on? Who is using (exploiting) whom in this brutal game designed to produce fear, terror and chaos in the public? Does the media serve terrorism by giving it the publicity it needs to achieve its goal - conveying a political message, etc.? It is not possible to fully and reliably answer the previously asked questions, but it can be proven with almost certainty that the relationship between terrorism and the media does not flow in one direction. Just the opposite. Pointing to the interdependence of terrorism and the media is not new. According to one point of view (an older one), media reporting and terrorism are closely related, which through a certain cause-and-effect relationship leads to the spread of terrorism. With the opposite sign, a completely different approach can be outlined - there is no causal relationship between the quantity of reporting and the spread of terrorist incidents. As our intention is to develop this topic problematically, first of all, we must start from what is generally known. Terrorist organizations need publicity. Terrorist acts in themselves are nothing without an audience. On the other hand, the media scene "cries out" for spectacular news - analyzes show that every major terrorist attack gains the potential of exclusivity through global multiplication through "top" or "breaking news". The text suggests the creation of an effective communication platform in order to respond to the threat (restriction of terrorists' access to the media, reduction or censorship of news reporting terrorist actions and news about criminals, etc.). In this connection, the very sensitive issue of the relationship between terrorism, the media and the law came to the fore, which required a special analysis - thus reaching some answers, understandings and orientations that would allow us a better overview and insight into the problem and character of this complex issues.
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Čučilović, Irena. "Međunarodnopravna odgovornost države za učešće u terorizmu". In Relation between International and National Criminal Law, 557–79. University of Belgrade, International Criminal Law Assotiation, 2024. https://doi.org/10.51204/zbornik_umkp_24165a.
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The word „terrorism“ generally draws the focus of the general and professional public, the media and participants in political life, towards terrorist organizations as a carriers of terrorist activity, while different forms of state participation in terrorism remain out of debate and consideration. The fact is that most academic definitions of terrorism presume terrorist organizations as perpetrators of terrorist acts, and that none of the 11 global antiterrorist conventions recognize the state as a perpetrator of terrorist crimes. In scientific circles is taken a rather ambivalent attitude towards state terrorism, which ranges from the complete negation of the concept of state terrorism to the identification of state terrorism with certain forms of international criminal offenses in the narrower sense. On the other hand, based on declarations and resolutions of the General Assembly and the Security Council of the United Nations, it is clear that international law perceives the state as a possible carrier of terrorist activities, that is, it recognizes different forms of state participation in terrorism, so the objective of this paper is the question of the state’s responsibility for participating in terrorism from the perspective of international law.
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Ilijevski, Ice, Zlate Dimovski e Kire Babanoski. "THE NEED OF COOPERATION BETWEEN THE PRIVATE SECURITY COMPANIES AND THE STATE SECURITY SERVICES IN THE FIGHT AGAINST TERRORISM". In SECURITY HORIZONS. Faculty of Security- Skopje, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.20544/icp.11.01.20.p14.
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Terrorism is a global threat to the whole humanity, which has particularly negative and harmful consequences. Terrorist attacks, incidents, and actions are a form of security endangerment with varied and constantly changing ways of committing. The fight against terrorism is highly dependent on the efficiency of the measures and activities of the law enforcement agencies, their speed in detecting terrorist organizations, their preparatory actions and their response to a terrorist attack. This fight requires close co-operation between such entities in order to exchange information and timely detect illegal activities that precede terrorist acts. The main subject of this paper is to discuss the measures and activities of the private security companies and the state security services in preventing terrorist acts as well as taking action following a terrorist attack. The purpose of this paper is to present the current situation and future perspectives of cooperation between the security authorities, to raise the awareness of the important role that the private security sector plays, and to enhance its well-deserved position with other security authorities in the efficient functioning of the fight against terrorism. Keywords: terrorism, terrorist attacks, security authorities, cooperation, relations
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Petrović, Dragana. "TERRORISM AND TERRORISTS – understanding the structure and way of carrying out activities". In Tradicija, krivično i međunarodno krivično pravo. Srpsko udruženje za međunarodno krivično pravo, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/tkmkp24.178p.
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Terrorism is like an elephant at your front door,“ says author Timothy Thornton Ash, „you recognize it when you see it.“ No ideology, no visionary motivation, no goal can justify the energy that feeds this kind of evil. Modern terrorism erases all borders, all walls and consciences… In our modernity and globalization, its „value“ increases enormously, which attracts even more those who believe that this type of violence (extreme, theatrical…) will pay off. . In attempts to completely destroy the established order or its total transformation, terrorists attract the attention of the public to their goals, promote fear and an atmosphere of alarmism. Apocalyptic nihilists, planners and perpetrators of terrorist attacks offer no compromise – which can only result in one – catastrophic images of the massacre of innocent civilians, women and children. Expect reciprocity, ie. hitting one global network with another, an anti-terrorist network, is the only form of response that can provide appropriate results. Unfortunately, the international community (hypocritical, according to the „principle of double standards“) is constantly torn between recognizing the specific nature of the challenges it has been facing in recent years and insisting that its response take the form of a globalized anti-terrorist coalition. Perhaps as an answer to a bunch of questions that arise here – to expect reciprocity in this sense would mean, however, to misunderstand the essence of the challenge, because replacing violence with violence, as someone said these days, would mean „making a deal with the devil“. And maybe this kind of behavior brings us to the edge of the abyss, ruin…
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Nikiforova, Elena Nikolaevna, Evgeniia Pavlovna Gavrilova e Viktoriia Sergeevna Evdokimova. "Unification of national legislation in the field of countering extremism and terrorism as a factor of international security". In All-Russian scientific and practical conference. Publishing house Sreda, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31483/r-32803.
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The article emphasizes that the fight against extremism and terrorism, as a complex problem, has become one of the priorities in the fight against crime for states at the global and regional levels. The level of development of legal acts in the field of countering extremism and terrorism, the severity of punishment for crimes of extremist and terrorist orientation in some countries are analyzed. It is concluded that in modern legislation of different countries, there is no single approach to the definition of the concepts of "terrorism" and "extremism", there is no uniform approach to the system and types of punishments. The proposal on the expediency of a uniform definition of the concepts: “terrorism”, “terrorist”, “international terrorist activity”, unification of national legislation in the field of combating extremism and terrorism as a factor of international security is substantiated
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Vien, Myriam. "Entre la poésie et le terrorisme : La Grande Tribu : c’est la faute à Papineau de Victor-Lévy Beaulieu". In Action radicale, sujet radical : racines, représentations, symboles et créations = Radical action, radical subject : roots, representations, symbols and creations. Éditions de l'Université de Sherbrooke, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.17118/11143/8371.
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Arsikj, Davor, e Marjan Nikolovski. "FOREIGN TERRORIST FIGHTERS FROM THE MIDDLE EAST AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP WITH RADICALIZATION, VIOLENT EXTREMISM AND TERRORISM". In SECURITY HORIZONS. Faculty of Security- Skopje, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.20544/icp.3.6.22.p16.
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Foreign terrorist fighters pose an asymmetric security threat and their return to the Republic of North Macedonia is a problem which the security services and the society as a whole face. In the last decade, a large number of foreign terrorist fighters have returned to their homes from the battlefields in Syria and Iraq, and the country has intervened with law amendments to the Criminal Code of 2014 to allow foreign terrorist fighters to be prosecuted and sentenced to appropriate punishments. Foreign terrorist fighters are closely related to violent extremism and radicalization, which in some cases can lead to terrorism. A radicalized foreign fighter who has returned home can spread the idea of radicalization and be an instigator for committing criminal activity - terrorism. The processes of deradicalization and resocialization are crucial for dealing with this phenomenon, considering that young people are susceptible to the influence of violent extremism and are a fertile soil for initial radicalization. The experiences of the neighboring countries have been developed in terms of how they deal with and how they prevent these negative phenomena in the community, related to foreign terrorist fighters. Foreign terrorist fighters can also carry out terrorist attacks through their involvement in violent extremism and radicalization. This is confirmed by several terrorist attacks that have taken place in the recent years in Europe, carried out by foreign terrorist fighters who are more radicalized and with significant combat experience. Keywords: foreign terrorist fighters, violent extremism, radicalization, terrorism, security threat
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Zgonjanin, Srdjan, Hatidza Berisa e Milan Miljkovic. "THE GLOBAL CHALLENGE OF TERRORISM DURING COVID-19". In 8th INTERNATIONAL FORUM “SAFETY FOR THE FUTURE”. RASEC, 2022. https://doi.org/10.70995/vjxf2129.
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The statement that there is no single definition for such a monster, terrorist organizationcalled terrorism sounds not only as a cliché, but also as an alibi for not engaging in certain spheres of exploration and penetration into the essence of this phenomenon. Staying on the surface, do not bother and do not try to delve into the depths of terrorism, means not knowing the complexity of matter, and therefore making the wrong conclusions at the root of a particular phenomenon. That is why the new challenges that appeared, terrorism applies them in its owm way, and that is whynumber of questions are being asked about how terrorist organizations behaved during the time of COVID 19 COVID-19 virus or biological weapon? Is it terrorist act or selective killer? What is behind this new treat? These and much more questions go through our heads when we hear for this new invisible thing, called SARS-CoV-2 virus and COVID-19 disease. It seems everything vanished when COVID-19 pandemic started this January 2020. Terrorism and other threats just went away. Many people even did not realize that it happened so. Many governments, governmental and non-governmental organizations fighting global terrorism and at the forefront of all the world's media houses, have suddenly disappeared from public life.
Relatórios de organizações sobre o assunto "Terrorisme"
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Rekawek, Kacper. Russian State Terrorism and State Sponsorship of Terrorism. International Centre for Counter Terrorism, setembro de 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.19165/2024.9321.
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The field of terrorism studies has traditionally been focused on non-state perpetrators of violence, such as different jihadi organisations which have been active in the West in the last three decades. Things looked different, however, during the Cold War, when state actors actively involved themselves in terrorism by, for example, supporting terrorist organisations operating abroad. This report takes stock of Russia’s return to such a paradigm in the twenty-first century in general and after 2022, the onset of the Russian full-scale aggression against Ukraine, in particular. Russia not only terrorises its own population into submission but also uses homegrown terrorists for the domestic ends of Vladimir Putin, deploys terrorist tactics while fighting against Ukraine, and seems increasingly willing and able to use those tactics as part of its foreign policy toolbox in its “political warfare” against the broader West. For this reason, it is argued that one could seriously consider labelling Russia a “state terrorist” or a “state sponsor of terrorism.” The report concludes that this might prove challenging in 2024, but also offers a way forward for prosecuting, sentencing, and arresting individuals involved in Russian state terrorism and state sponsorship of terrorism.
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Schmidt, Alex P. Defining Terrorism. ICCT, março de 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.19165/2023.3.01.
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This report summarizes, and builds on, some of the author’s previous conceptual work. It approaches the definition of terrorism from five angles: (i) by focusing on the history of terrorism; (ii) by focusing on the psychology of ‘terror’ (the threat and fear factor); (iii) by focusing on forms of political violence other than terrorist violence; (iv) by focusing on the terrorist act; and (v) by focusing on the terrorist. Subsequently it addresses the question who should have definition power? The author looks at how terrorists, victims of terrorism, religious authorities, mass and social media, national governments, the United Nations, and members from academia have tried to define terrorism. In his conclusion, the author pleads for a narrow definition of terrorism. The main body of the text is followed by a sample of definitions of terrorism and a bibliography of books, book chapters, and articles on the subject.
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Iffat, Idris. Effectiveness of Different Methods to the Counter Financing of Terrorism. Institute of Development Studies, abril de 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.091.
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Countering financing of terrorism (CFT) has been a core component of counter terrorism strategies since the 9/11 attacks on the US in 2001. Key CFT measures are criminalisation of terrorism financing; sanctions and assets freezing/seizure; and use of financial intelligence. CFT assessments focus on implementation of these measures, rather than on impact in terms of preventing terrorist activity. This rapid review therefore looks at the effectiveness of different CFT measures. It draws on a mixture of academic and grey literature, including policy papers and reports from agencies involved in CFT implementation. While there is available literature on terrorism financing (how groups raise funds), and on the various approaches to CFT as well as implementation assessment, the review found very little on the impact of CFT in preventing terrorism. Reflecting this, it was also difficult to identify specific examples of CFT impact and effectiveness. The limited literature on the latter suggests that, while CFT measures can hamper terrorists/terrorist groups, they cannot stop them entirely. Despite this, CFT remains a useful tool for governments in the fight against terrorism/their efforts to counter terrorism. However, the current CFT model needs to be reformed to address significant changes in both the terrorist threat and terrorism financing environment.
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Naif Arab University for Security Sciences, Centre of Excellence in Cybercrimes and Digital Forensics. Cyber-enabled Terrorism in the African and Arab Regions: Survey Report from NAUSS-UNCCT Workshop. Naif University Press, janeiro de 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.26735/iwjx5145.
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The seventh review of the United Nations Global Counter-Terrorism Strategy (A/RES/75/291) underscored Member States' deep concern regarding the use of the Internet and other technologies for terrorist activities. Emphasizing collaboration among academia, the private sector, and civil society, the resolution sought to prevent terrorists from finding safe haven online while promoting an open, secure, and innovative Internet. In alignment with these principles, the Centre of Excellence in Cybercrimes and Digital Forensics (CoECDF) at Naif Arab University for Security Sciences (NAUSS) and UNOCT's United Nations Counter-Terrorism Centre (UNCCT) conducted a workshop on Cyber-enabled terrorism. A survey of selected Member States in Africa and the Middle East was conducted during the workshop, revealing their apprehensions about the misuse of Information and Communications Technologies (ICT) for terrorism. The survey outcomes aim to inform Member States' capacity-building strategies to combat cyber-enabled terrorism. The report comprehensively analyzes cyber-enabled terrorism threats in the African and Arab regions, offering key insights, findings, and recommendations. It identifies active terrorist groups, their methods, and the crucial need for specific skills in digital forensics, cyber security, and cyber intelligence. The diverse requirements of the African and Arab regions underscore the necessity for tailored capacity-building efforts in tackling cyber-enabled terrorism.
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Lewis, Dustin, Naz Modirzadeh e Gabriella Blum. Medical Care in Armed Conflict: International Humanitarian Law and State Responses to Terrorism. Harvard Law School Program on International Law and Armed Conflict, setembro de 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.54813/hwga7438.
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The surge in armed conflicts involving terrorism has brought to the fore the general question of medical care in armed conflict and the particular legal protections afforded to those providing such care to terrorists. Against this backdrop, we evaluate international humanitarian law (IHL) protections for wartime medical assistance concerning terrorists. Through that lens, we expose gaps and weaknesses in IHL. We also examine tensions between IHL and state responses to terrorism more broadly. In studying the IHL regime applicable to medical care, substantive fragmentation and gaps in legal protection between states and across types of conflict emerge. These ruptures are not new. But they are increasingly noticeable as terrorism is more frequently conceptualized as forming part of armed conflicts and as more states undertake aggressive responses to terrorist threats. The U.N. Security Council has been a key driver of these responses, requiring member states to take more and broader steps to obviate terrorist threats. Yet so far the Council has not required that, in doing so, states fully exempt impartial wartime medical care, even in circumstances that would render such care protected under IHL. Rather, the Council seems to consider providing medical assistance and supplies to al-Qaeda and its associates as at least a partial ground for designating those who facilitate such care as terrorists themselves. The overall result today is unsatisfactory. By prosecuting physicians for supporting terrorists through medical care in armed conflicts, some states are likely violating their IHL treaty obligations. But in certain other instances where states intentionally curtail impartial medical care there is no clear IHL violation. Both those actual IHL violations and the lack of clear IHL violations, we think, are cause for concern. The former represent failures to implement the legal regime. And the latter highlight the non-comprehensiveness - or, at least, the indeterminateness and variability - of the normative framework.
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Mehra, Tanya, e Julie Coleman. The Role of the UN Security Council in Countering Terrorism & Violent Extremism: The Limits of Criminalization? RESOLVE Network, outubro de 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37805/sfi2022.4.
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After the 9/11 attacks, a united global community entered an era which saw the proliferation of United Nations entities and organs focused on responding to terrorism. These bodies were created, at least in part, in response to the recognized need for a comprehensive multilateral counter-terrorism architecture to ensure international peace and security in the face of the growing specter of violent extremism. This response has notably also included an array of UN Security Council resolutions (UNSCRs) adopted to counter the threat of terrorism. A little over 20 years after the adoption of Resolution 1373 (2001), 52 terrorism related resolutions now exist, creating an elaborate set of measures for Member States to implement. Despite this, however, terrorism was arguably more prevalent in 2021 than in 2001. A myriad of factors have led to the continued spread of terrorism, including the increasingly transnational nature of terrorists and terrorist networks, as well as the failure to adequately address the structural factors and underlying conditions that are conducive to the spread of violent extremism. In order to explain its persistence, one must not only examine the continued appeal of terrorist groups and violent extremist ideology and propaganda, but also reflect upon where, how, and why counter-terrorism responses have often failed to reduce the threat or, in some cases, even exacerbated the factors which give rise to terrorism in the first place. This includes the response of the Security Council, whose resolutions have created the obligation or expectation for Member States to continuously expand the criminalization of terrorism, without evidence that such an approach will lead to less terrorism. This brief focuses on how some UNSCRs include measures that require Member States to criminalize conduct that has historically fallen within the pre-crime space and lacks a clear link to terrorist activities, and examines the subsequent impact this has on human rights and the effectiveness of the criminal justice system. At the same time, it explores the role that States themselves have played in the exceptionalization of terrorism in terms of criminal justice responses. Finally, it offers recommendations for both the UNSC and Members States on how to ensure that counter-terrorism architecture can both be human-rights based and simultaneously conducive to promoting peace and security.
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Hunt, Charles T., e Shannon Zimmerman. Counter-Terrorism & Peace Operations: The Impacts of UN Security Council Approaches to Tackling Terror on the Pursuit of Peace. RESOLVE Network, julho de 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37805/sfi2022.2.
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United Nations peace operations are generally considered a poor vehicle for counter-terrorism. Yet, UN peace operations are regularly deployed by the Security Council to settings affected by terrorism and violent extremism. The confluence of terrorism and conflict make this co-existence inevitable, but some missions have also engaged more directly in countering these elements. For example, the UNSC continues to support the mission in Somalia, which actively faces terrorist threats, and has also deployed a peacekeeping mission to Mali amid a jihadist insurgency. At the same time, in places like the Democratic Republic of Congo, peace operations have engaged in offensive military operations that target groups labelled as “terrorists” by their host government partners. Academics and peacekeeping experts have raised concerns and noted the initial impacts of counter-terrorism efforts on UN peace operations. Building on this work, this brief draws on illustrative examples from the field to examine how the UNSC’s counter-terrorism framework has impacted the mandates and practice of the UN’s peace operations, particularly the large stabilization operations deployed in Africa. It shows that counter-terrorism efforts at the level of the UNSC have blurred the normative distinctions between peace operations and counter-terrorism to the detriment of the former. This brief concludes by providing recommendations to ensure that UNSC responses to terrorism and violent extremism do not unintentionally undermine the effectiveness of UN peace operations.
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Morrison, John F. Analyzing Interviews with Terrorists. RESOLVE Network, novembro de 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37805/rve2020.7.
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For years the dominant narrative has been that there is a dearth of primary sources in terrorism studies. This is now changing. The talk about the scarcity of data is gradually being replaced by discussions of a “data revolution” and a “golden age” of terrorism research. We are now publishing more research based on the analysis of primary source data than ever before. Included in this has been some ground-breaking interview research with recent and former terrorists—research that could define how we think about terrorist involvement for years to come. With this increased access to data, if our research is to have any analytical value and concurrently respected both within and outside of academia, we need to actively consider how we analyze it. This chapter discusses some of the issues that need to be taken into consideration when analyzing first-hand interviews, including the importance of specificity, different available analytic techniques, the role of triangulation, and ethical practices.
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Chirani, Mohammed. Managing terrorist and radicalised prisoners: France's strategy. ICCT, fevereiro de 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.19165/2024.8140.
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This policy brief delves into France’s strategy for managing Islamist terrorists and radicalized prisoners (2015-2023). The first part spans the evolution of challenges within the French prison system, covering the return of foreign terrorist fighters (FTFs) and responses to terrorist attacks carried out between 2015 and 2018. The second part details key approaches for managing radicalised inmates, encompassing assessment, prison regimes, rehabilitation, monitoring, and post-release reintegration. The last section explains why it was necessary to identify the Salafi-jihadism threat to tailor prison approaches specifically to this ideology. The recommendations underscore the importance of effective communication regarding the necessity to tailor prison regimes to levels of violent radicalisation while upholding human rights. Finally, the policy brief advocates adapting counter-terrorism strategies to address Salafi-Jihadi ideology. The analysis presented in this paper draws upon the professional experience of its author, who in prisons has dedicated six years to working in P/CVE within the French prison system, as well as insights gathered from open-source materials.
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Wilson, Robert C. Nuclear Terrorism: Terrorist Goals Determine Propensity for Use. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, fevereiro de 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada401376.
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