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1
Kandil, Seher. "Türk hukukunda terk sebebiyle boşanma : (TMK m. 164); sistemler ve ilkeler, boşanma sebepleri, taraf ve dava ehliyeti, görevli ve yetkili mahkeme, yargıtay kararları /". Ankara : Seçkin, 2006. http://swbplus.bsz-bw.de/bsz272997528inh.htm.
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Pérez, Chuctaya Luis Miguel. "Los micro influencers en Tik Tok como promoción de la recordación de marca en millennials. Caso Adidas". Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/653575.
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En el entorno digital, las personas tienen más poder sobre lo que quieren ver y lo que no. Por ello, las marcas buscan mantenerse en la mente del consumidor sin ser rechazados. En ese aspecto, los micro influencers poseen ciertas características de comunicación más cercanas y empáticas con el público que los sigue. El propósito de este estudio fue identificar cómo el uso de la marca Adidas por micro influencers de la red social Tik Tok promueve la recordación de marca en los millennials. Se hizo uso de un enfoque cualitativo por medio de entrevistas a profundidad. Se tomaron como variables a los micro influencers de la red social Tik Tok (X1) y a la recordación de marca (X2), siendo la variable dependiente la percepción de los Millennials (Y).In the digital environment, people have more power over what they want to see or not in it. Therefore, brands seek to stay in the mind of the consumer without being rejected. In this matter, the micro-influencers have certain characteristics of closer and more empathetic communication with people that follow them. The purpose of this study was to identify how the use of the brand Adidas by micro influencers from the social network Tik Tok, promotes brand awareness in millennials. A qualitative approach was used through in-depth interviews. The micro-influencers of the social network Tik Tok (X1) and the brand awareness (X2) were taken as variables, with the perception of millennials (Y) being the dependent variable.
Trabajo de investigación
3
Edwards, Emery Rose. "Illness Experience of People with Chronic Pain Resulting from Temporomandibular Disorders". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/193257.
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This thesis discusses the illness experience of people living with chronic pain resulting from Temporomandibular disorders (TMD). The literature discusses various aspects of the experience of chronic pain, but there is little research reported specifically on the experience of living with TMD. Using analysis of sufferers' narratives, I discuss common explanatory models and coping strategies. I then present aspects of the bodily experience of TMD as seen in people with comorbid illnesses. The personal or mental aspects of TMD are explored, particularly in terms of fear, anxiety, and hope for the future. Lastly, the broader impacts of TMD are explored through sufferers' relationships with friends and family, and sufferers' ability to function in social contexts. It is concluded that TMD impacts many areas of sufferers' lives, and that the lived experience extends beyond diagnosis and treatment seeking to include the day to day management of TMD pain.
4
Yang, X. (Xiaojiang). "Magnetic resonance imaging of the lateral pterygoid muscle in temporomandibular disorders". Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2002. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514266439.
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Abstract
The fact that the lateral pterygoid muscle (LPM) and related symptoms play an important role in
temporomandibular disorders (TMD) is widely recognized. In the study reported here, the LPM was
investigated by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of patients with TMD. The visibility of the LPM in MRI
with different projections was analyzed and a new imaging projection, condyle-the lateral pterygoid muscle
projection (CLPM), for the LPM in MRI was introduced. Normal and abnormal findings of the LPM was compared
with clinical symptoms of TMD.
Compared with sagittal imaging of temporomandibular joint (TMJ), CLPM images and most of the oblique
sagittal imaging were able to show the LPM clearly. Hypertrophy, atrophy and contracture of the LPM were
found in TMJs either with disc in normal position or with disc displacements. Pathological changes of the
superior belly and hypertrophy of the inferior belly combined with various pathological changes of the
superior belly were the most frequently observed abnormal imaging findings of the LPM in TMD. The
pathological changes of the LPM were associated with the main clinical symptoms of TMD. In patients with
symptomatic condyle hypermobility, the pathological changes of the LPM and related symptoms were associated
with the clinical symptoms of TMJs with disc in normal position. The imaging abnormalities of the LPM were
common in TMJs with disc displacements and seemed to be fewer in condyle hypomobility cases in TMJs with
anterior disc displacement with non-reduction (ADDnr). However, normal imaging of the LPM was also found in
TMJs with severe osteoarthritic changes and disc displacement.
The recognition of muscle alterations may lead to a more specific diagnosis and improve the
understanding
of the clinical symptoms and disease pathophysiology of TMD.
5
Abou, Elseoud A. (Ahmed). "Exploring functional brain networks using independent component analysis:functional brain networks connectivity". Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2013. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526201597.
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Abstract Functional communication between brain regions is likely to play a key role in complex cognitive processes that require continuous integration of information across different regions of the brain. This makes the studying of functional connectivity in the human brain of high importance. It also provides new insights into the hierarchical organization of the human brain regions. Resting-state networks (RSNs) can be reliably and reproducibly detected using independent component analysis (ICA) at both individual subject and group levels. A growing number of ICA studies have reported altered functional connectivity in clinical populations. In the current work, it was hypothesized that ICA model order selection influences characteristics of RSNs as well as their functional connectivity. In addition, it was suggested that high ICA model order could be a useful tool to provide more detailed functional connectivity results. RSNs’ characteristics, i.e. spatial features, volume and repeatability of RSNs, were evaluated, and also differences in functional connectivity were investigated across different ICA model orders. ICA model order estimation had a significant impact on the spatial characteristics of the RSNs as well as their parcellation into sub-networks. Notably, at low model orders neuroanatomically and functionally different units tend to aggregate into large singular RSN components, while at higher model orders these units become separate RSN components. Disease-related differences in functional connectivity also seem to alter as a function of ICA model order. The volume of between-group differences reached maximum at high model orders. These findings demonstrate that fine-grained RSNs can provide detailed, disease-specific functional connectivity alterations. Finally, in order to overcome the multiple comparisons problem encountered at high ICA model orders, a new framework for group-ICA analysis was introduced. The framework involved concatenation of IC maps prior to permutation tests, which enables statistical inferences from all selected RSNs. In SAD patients, this new correction enabled the detection of significantly increased functional connectivity in eleven RSNsTiivistelmä Toiminnallisten aivoalueiden välinen viestintä on todennäköisesti avainasemassa kognitiivisissa prosesseissa, jotka edellyttävät jatkuvaa tiedon integraatiota aivojen eri alueiden välillä. Tämä tekee ihmisaivojen toiminnallisen kytkennällisyyden tutkimuksesta erittäin tärkeätä. Kytkennälllisyyden tutkiminen antaa myös uutta tietoa ihmisaivojen osa-alueiden välisestä hierarkiasta. Aivojen hermoverkot voidaan luotettavasti ja toistettavasti havaita lepotilan toiminnasta yksilö- ja ryhmätasolla käyttämällä itsenäisten komponenttien analyysia (engl. Independent component analysis, ICA). Yhä useammat ICA-tutkimukset ovat raportoineet poikkeuksellisia toiminnallisen konnektiviteetin muutoksia kliinisissä populaatioissa. Tässä tutkimuksessa hypotetisoitiin, että ICA:lla laskettaujen komponenttien lukumäärä (l. asteluku) vaikuttaa tuloksena saatujen hermoverkkojen ominaisuuksiin kuten tilavuuteen ja kytkennällisyyteen. Lisäksi oletettiin, että korkea ICA-asteluku voisi olla herkempit tuottamaan yksityiskohtaisia toiminnallisen jaottelun tuloksia. Aivojen lepotilan hermoverkkojen ominaisuudet, kuten anatominen jakautuminen, volyymi ja lepohermoverkkojen havainnoinnin toistettavuus evaluoitin. Myös toiminnallisen kytkennällisyyden erot tutkitaan eri ICA-asteluvuilla. Havaittiin että asteluvulla on huomattava vaikutus aivojen lepotilan hermoverkkojen tilaominaisuuksiin sekä niiden jakautumiseen alaverkoiksi. Pienillä asteluvuilla hermoverkojen neuroanatomisesti erilliset yksiköt pyrkivät keräytymään laajoiksi yksittäisiksi komponenteiksi, kun taas korkeammilla asteluvuilla ne havaitaan erillisinä. Sairauksien aiheuttamat muutokset toiminnallisessa kytkennällisyydessä näyttävät muuttuvan myös ICA asteluvun mukaan saavuttaen maksiminsa korkeilla asteluvuilla. Korkeilla asteluvuilla voidaan havaita yksityiskohtaisia, sairaudelle ominaisia toiminnallisen konnektiviteetin muutoksia. Korkeisiin ICA asteluvun liittyvän tilastollisen monivertailuongelman ratkaisemiseksi kehitimme uuden menetelmän, jossa permutaatiotestejä edeltävien itsenäisten IC-karttoja yhdistämällä voidaan tehdä luotettava tilastollinen arvio yhtä aikaa lukuisista hermoverkoista. Kaamosmasennuspotilailla esimerkiksi kehittämämme korjaus paljastaa merkittävästi lisääntynyttä toiminnallista kytkennällisyyttä yhdessätoista hermoverkossa
6
Hermansdotter, Mikaela, e Jesper Cederlind. "Tick tack, Tik Tok. Hög tid attlära känna den moderna tidensopinionsbildare : En kvalitativ studie om unga influencers på mobilappen TikTok". Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Marknadsföring, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-164994.
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Det faktum att unga människor, genom sociala medier, i allt större utsträckning erhåller makt att påverka har kommersialiserats av företag genom marknadsföringsmetoden influencer marketing. Merparten av forskningen kring influencer marketing fokuserar dock på företag eller följare – men vad vet vi egentligen om hur dessa influencers själva betraktar fenomenet och sin roll? Vad är det egentligen som driver influencers under 18 år? Denna studie ämnar besvara dessa frågor och därigenom tillhandahålla viktig insikt kring hur företag bäst förhåller sig till gruppen unga influencers. I studien medverkar fem influencers i åldrarna 14–17 år från mobilappen TikTok, där de i skrivande stund har mellan 172 000 till 2,3 miljoner följare. Studien visar på en relativt medveten grupp unga individer med god förståelse för sin roll i marknadsföringssystemet, likväl som för sin roll som opinionsbildare och influencer. Generellt uppvisar de en negativ uppfattning till reklam i allmänhet men en positiv inställning till influencer marketing. De innehar vidare stark kritisk inställning till det som de identifierar som missbrukande av rollen influencer. Trots att influencers främst tycks drivas av personlig vinning så har de en tydlig önskan att fungera som förebild och inspirationskälla. Influencers tycks vidare i stor grad drivas av inre motivationskällor och uppvisar stor personlig integritet samt selektivitet vid val av företagssamarbeten. Ett framgångsrikt samarbete bör därför upplevas som självvalt, innehålla rätt typ av budskap samt ge visst utrymme för egna tolkningar.The fact that young people, through social media, has increasingly been given the power to influence has been commercialized by companies through the marketing method influencer marketing. However, most of the research on influencer marketing focuses on companies or followers – but what do we really know about how these influencers themselves regard the phenomenon and their role? What is it that drives influencers under the age of 18? This study aims to answer these questions and thereby provide important insights about how companies best relate to the group of young influencers. The participants in the study, which are aged between 14 and 17, are active on the mobile app TikTok. At the time of writing, they have between 172,000 to 2.3 million followers on the platform. The study shows a relatively conscious group of young individuals with a good understanding for their role in the marketing system, as well as their role as opinion leaders and influencers. Generally, they show a negative view of advertising in general but a positive attitude to influencer marketing. They also have a strong perception of possible negative aspects, that they identify as an abuse of the role influencer. Despite the fact that influencers mainly seem to be driven by personal gain, they have a clear desire to act as a role model and source of inspiration. Influencers seem to be strongly driven by internal sources of motivation and therefore show great personal integrity as well as selectivity to collaborations with companies. To achieve a successful business collaboration, the cooperation should therefore be perceived by influencers as self-chosen, contain the right kind of message and finally give enough room for the influencer’s own interpretations.
7
Alder, Emma K. "Temporomandibular Joint Disorder: An Investigation of Masseter Muscle Activity in Response to Stressful Computer Data Entry". The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1339772763.
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Wang, Rong. "Effect of e-wom message of opinion leaders on purchase intention of female consumers in China : case of Ddouyin (Tik Tok)". Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/18315.
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Mestrado em MarketingCom o desenvolvimento de Internet e social media, há cada vez mais líderes de opinião a expressar as suas opiniões, recomendacões es e outras formas de passa palavra eletrônica (e-WOM) sobre produtos ou marcas na plataforma de social media. Os seus e-WOMs têm uma influência no processo de decisão de compra do consumidor. O objetivo principal da dissertacão é estudar a relacão entre e-WOM de líderes de opinião e a intenção de compra das consumidores femininas chinesas, explorando o efeito da especialidade, confiança, credibilidade do emissor de e-WOM, valor percebido e atitude sobre o produto/marca. Para realizar esse objetivo, uma pesquisa quantitativa foi utilizada para testar as hipóteses; teses de investigacão. Através de distribuicão online, 215 questionários válidos foram recolhidos para análise dos dados. Os resultados revelaram que a especialidade e confiabilidade dos líderes de opinião têm um impacto positivo na credibilidade de e-WOM. A credibilidade do emissor de e-WOM pode influenciar positivamente o valor percebido e atitude em relação ao produto ou marca dado pelo consumidor. A especialidade, valor percebido e atitude em relacão ao produto ou marca tem um impacto positivo na intencão de compra das consumidoras femininas chinesas.
With the development of internet and social media, more and more opinion leaders expressed their reviews, recommendations and other forms of electronic word-of-mouth (e-WOM) about the product or brand in social media platforms. These e-WOMs can influence the purchase decision of consumers. Douyin is a short-video social media app and is fast-growing in China where opinion leaders? express theirs reviews and recommendations about a product or a brand which will influence the purchase decision-making process of Chinese consumers. The main purpose of this dissertation is to study the relation between e-WOM message by opinion leaders and the purchase intention of Chinese female consumers, exploring the role of expertise, trustworthiness, e-WOM credibility, product/brand perceived value and attitude. In order to achieve the objectives, a quantitative research was used to test the research hypotheses. Through the online survey, 215 effective questionnaires have been collected and used to process the data analysis. The results revealed that expertise and trustworthiness of opinion leaders have a positive impact on the e-WOM credibility. The e-WOM credibility can influence positively the product/brand perceived value and attitude of consumer. The expertise of opinion leaders, product/brand perceived value and attitude has a positive impact on the purchase intention of Chinese female consumers. The Chinese female consumers put more emphasis on expertise of the message sender. The credible message can shape the perceived value and attitude about product/brand of Chinese female consumers, and thus have an effect on purchase intention.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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Corilla, Grados Lucía Gabriela. "El uso de Tik Tok como herramienta para generar Content Marketing por las marcas dirigidas a jóvenes de 17 a 25 años". Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/653667.
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El presente artículo busca analizar los diferentes beneficios para las marcas dirigidas a jóvenes de 17 a 25 años, al hacer uso de la nueva red social de Tik Tok como herramienta de Content Marketing. El objetivo de este artículo es poder conocer a través de los usuarios de Tik Tok, cuáles son los beneficios que las marcas dirigidas a jóvenes obtendrían al estar en constante interacción con ellos, teniendo en cuenta las diversas herramientas y opciones de manejo para crear contenido, que ofrece esta aplicación. La metodología a usar será de carácter cualitativo, debido a que se busca conocer las percepciones e intereses de los usuarios en Tik Tok, de tal manera que cada marca pueda utilizar estos descubrimientos para adaptarlos a los distintos mensajes de comunicación que buscan transmitir al público objetivo.The present paper seeks to analyze the different benefits for brands that focus on young people from 17 to 25 years old, by using the new Tik Tok social network as a Content Marketing tool. The aim of this article is to acquaint through Tik Tok users, the benefits that brands for young people would obtain by being in constant interaction with them, taking into account the tools and management options to create content, offered by this application. The methodology to be used will be of a qualitative nature, since it seeks to know the perceptions and interests of Tik Tok users, so that each brand can apply these discoveries to adapt them to the different messages they require to convey to the target audience.
Trabajo de investigación
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Jiang, Long. "TMT diversity, CEO procedural fairness, and TMT conflict". College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/3647.
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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2006.Thesis research directed by: Business and Management. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Harris, Darren Samuel. "Traffic management alternatives for business improvement districts". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/52255.
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When a vehicle enters an intersection with insufficient space to exit on the opposite side the
result is often the obstruction of pedestrians and other vehicles, this phenomenon is usually referred to as "blocking the box." The purpose of this study was to determine different characteristics of blocking that might be considered in determining the installment of a "Don't Block the Box" (DBTB) campaign. This study identified potentially problematic intersections in Atlanta, Georgia and collected information, such as the number of vehicles that block the intersection (box junction), the amount of green time with blocking, and the percentages in which approaches were blocked.
Based on the results it was found the characteristics of the number of blockers, percentage of green time with blocking, and the percentage of lost capacity are excellent indicators for a possible DBTB campaign. Organizations interested in potentially starting a DBTB should consider these characteristics part of the determination of suitability of DBTB for an intersection. Within this study is was found that the intersections of Peachtree Road & Highland Drive, Peachtree Road & Stratford Road, Peachtree Road & Lenox Mall Entrance, and 10th Street & Williams Street showed to be potential candidates for a DBTB campaign in Atlanta, Georgia. During the study period these intersections had high percentages of lost capacity, high number of blocks, and high percentages of green time with blocking.
In conjunction with the DBTB data analysis a "DBTB survey" was developed. The objective of this survey was to help gain a better understanding of the current trends in DBTB campaigns around the United States. The "DBTB Survey" received 75 responses from 415 organizations around the nation, a 18.1% response rate. Six (60%) of the ten participants that currently have a DBTB campaign found a sufficient level of improvement in traffic operations and 46 of the total respondents (60%) proclaimed that if DBTB campaigns were shown to be an economical alternative for traffic management they would consider starting one to help congestion and safety.
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Silva, Álvaro Múcio Leite da [UNESP]. "Análise da intensidade e frequências dos ruídos articulares da articulação temporomandibular". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/97068.
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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:28:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0
Previous issue date: 2007-12-12Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:57:54Z : No. of bitstreams: 1
silva_aml_me_guara.pdf: 1372198 bytes, checksum: 8bdab5df0828cfa6c6b83983a359c40b (MD5)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
O presente trabalho tem por objetivos, analisar a intensidade e freqüência dos ruídos articulares da articulação temporomandibular (A.T.M.) de indivíduos saudáveis e patológicos, auxiliar nos procedimentos clínicos e em futuras pesquisas. Para a análise dos sinais coletados foi desenvolvido um sistema para aquisição de dados, composto por um conjunto estetoscópio/microfone, equipamentos para condicionamento e aquisição de sinais e aplicativos computacionais para registro, análise e apresentação dos dados. A identificação das freqüências dominantes e o cálculo dos parâmetros considerados no domínio do tempo (valor médio, valor eficaz, desvio padrão e nível da pressão sonora – NPS) foram realizados por meio de programas computacionais específicos. Os resultados decorrentes dos cálculos e das observações em relação aos sinais obtidos, possibilitaram a determinação das faixas de freqüência, o nível da pressão sonora em decibéis (dB)* da população em estudo, além de proporcionar algumas diferenças entre os grupos patológicos e não-patológicos. Pode-se concluir que a presença da patologia influiu na amplitude dos sinais coletados, diferenciando dessa forma os casos patológicos dos não patológicos. Outra contribuição desse trabalho foi o desenvolvimento de um exame não invasivo para as Disfunções das Articulações Temporomandibulares (D.T.Ms.)
This word has the objective of analyzing the amount and frequency of articular noise in temporomandibular joint (TMJ) of both healthy and pathological individuals and aid in clinical procedures as well as in future researches. For the proposed analysis, a dada collecting system was developed comprising a stethoscope/microphone set, equipment for the signal conditioning and capturing, and computer software for data recording, analysis and presentation. The identification of dominating frequencies and the parameter calculation considered in the time period (average amount, efficient amount, linear fit, and sound pressure level) were performed through specific computer softwares. The results found through the calculations and observations in relation to the signals obtained made the determination of the frequency, the level of sound pressure (in dB) of the studied population possible besides differentiating the pathological and non-pathological groups. It can be concluded that the presence of the pathology influenced in the amplitude of the collected signals, differentiating of this form the pathological cases of the not pathological ones. Another contribution of this work was the development of a not invasive examination for the temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD)
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Foley, Bryan Francis. "IDENTIFICATION OF POTENTIAL GENETIC MARKERS OF FACIAL ASYMMETRY AND TMD IN ORTHOGNATHIC SURGERY PATIENTS". Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2014. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/286577.
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Oral BiologyM.S.
Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are comorbid conditions. Most are related to anxiety-induced muscular pain, but some are associated with facial asymmetry resulting from condylar resorption (CR) or condylar hyperplasia (CH). The etiology of the most common forms of CH and CR are still unknown. CR can be caused by rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or more commonly osteoarthritis (OA) of the TMJ, and inflammatory mediators have been previously implicated. Previous studies have identified pain/inflammatory genes related to chronic TMD while others have demonstrated potential genetic markers for RA. Similarly, genome-wide association (GWA) studies have identified genes associated with height, some of which may participate in craniofacial growth, CH, and the development of asymmetry. Masseter muscle is frequently involved in TMD of muscular origin, and left/right fiber-type differences have been previously found in subjects with facial asymmetry. A human transcriptome microarray was used to evaluate whether genes involved with height, pain, or inflammation were differentially expressed in masseter muscle from facially asymmetric patients with and without TMD. This study evaluated orthognathic surgery patients with varying skeletal malocclusions, including subjects with and without facial asymmetry and TMD (n= 93). Masseter muscle samples were collected from ten orthognathic surgery patients treated to correct skeletal malocclusions. Two of whom were classified with facial asymmetry with or without TMD, with one of the two showing positive evidence of CR. Samples were disrupted in QIAzol Lysis Reagent, RNA was isolated using a Qiagen miRNeasy Mini Kit according to the manufacturer's instructions, and quality of the total RNA was tested by Agilent Bioanalyzer and Nanodrop spectrophotometry. Samples were used for quantitative Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) and protocols for microarray analysis were conducted as described in the Ambion WT Expression Manual and the Affymetrix GeneChip Expression Analysis Technical Manual. Principal Components Analysis (PCA) was completed to detect fold-changes for each transcript to determine differences in global gene expression between the two asymmetric and eight remaining subjects. To find differentially expressed transcripts step-up t-tests were performed to correct for false discovery rate (FDR) comparing the two asymmetric samples to the eight symmetric samples. Differences were considered significant if step-up p-values were ±2 between groups. This study evaluated 847 height-related genes and 551 genes associated in pain/inflammatory processes. Genes of interest were determined a priori from GWA studies and the Algynomics Pain Research Panel v.2.0 partially derived from the Orofacial Pain: Prospective Evaluation and Risk Assessment (OPPERA) study. Two hundred and eight transcripts of 847 height associated genes and 132 of 551 pain/inflammatory genes were significant for expression (P±2.0 fold differences in facial asymmetry and/or TMD specimens. Among genes specifically reported to be associated with pain/inflammation, NPY5R (+2.11 fold), GABRA6 (+2.14 fold), CACNA2D1 (-12.51 fold) and EREG (+2.12 fold) showed significantly different (P<0.001) expression levels in the two asymmetric versus the remaining eight symmetric patients. CACNA2D1 expression was significantly increased in symmetric male subjects versus symmetric females (P < 0.05) as well as in asymmetric females versus asymmetric males (P < 0.05). CACNA2D1 expression was also significantly increased in symmetric male subjects versus symmetric females (P <0.05) and was differentially expressed at lower levels, however not significantly, in asymmetric males (p = 0.51). Based on the results collected, the following conclusions were drawn. These methods provide a novel approach to study TMD and/or facial asymmetry in human subjects. To our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate that significant expression variation in human height genes may contribute to facial asymmetry with or without TMD, possibly through decreased expression of CACNA2D1. These data suggest TMD patients with facial asymmetry associated with condylar resorption may show significant differential expression of certain inflammatory marker genes such as EREG and CACNA2D1. These data support that gender may play a key role in the development of TMD, possibly through increased CACNA2D1 expression providing protective effects in TMD-free males but deleterious effect in females with TMD. These results support previous findings of pain/inflammatory genes associated with TMD derived from muscular pain. Further studies are needed to understand the genetic contributions to TMD, which may play an important role in future clinical intervention.
Temple University--Theses
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Atterling, Lise-Lotte. "TAK-mätning slipmaskiner". Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-35520.
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Idag är Suzuki Garphyttan AB (SG) en del av Suzuki Metal Industry Group vilket är ett Japanskt företag. SG är världsledande inom tillverkningen av avancerad fjädertråd som används till olika fordonsapplikationer. Kärnverksamheten hos SG är tillverkning och försäljning av ventilfjädertråd, plattråd och profiltråd, oljehärdad tråd, rostfri fjädertråd samt fjädrar. SG har tillverkning av bland annat ventilfjädrar till lastbilar i Fjäderfabriken som är beläget inom fabriksområdet i Garphyttan. Fjäderfabriken genomför ett förbättringsarbete med avsikt att lägga om sin funktionella produktion till linjeproduktion. Kunderna kräver kvalitetscertifieringar och en del kunder har självaavvecklat sin kvalitetskontroll på till exempel fjädrar. Hela kvalitetskontrollen och kvalitetsgarantin ligger då som ansvar hos fjädertillverkningen. Det medför ännu högre krav på kvalitet och driftssäkerhet hos leverantörerna. Utifrån mätning av utnyttjandegraden i form TAK-mätning på slipmaskiner fås data och information om orsakerna till bland annat maskinstillestånd. Det ger underlag till det fortsatta förbättringsarbetet med slipmaskinerna. Projektet som genomförts var TAK-mätning av slipmaskiner och det arbetet har fungerat väl. De resultat som kommit fram har lett till att det som tidigare varit indikationer på låg utnyttjandegrad har mätts och dokumenterats. I det fortsatta arbetet rekommenderas bland annat förebyggande underhåll och beställningsorder på slipade fjädrar till operatörerna för att få en jämnare produktion. Ordern skall vara inom rimlig produktionskapacitet och med största fokus på kvalitet.Today's Suzuki Garphyttan AB (SG) part of the Suzuki Metal Industry Group. Which is a Japanese company. SG is a world leader in the manufacturing of advanced spring wire used for various automotive applications. The core business of SG is the manufacturing and sales of valve spring wire, flat wire and profiled wire, oil quenched wire, spring wire, and stainless steel spring wire. SG has its own manufacturing of valve springs for trucks in the Springshop. It´s located within the SG factory area. Springshop implements an improvement with the intention to changes todays functional production to line production. The customers require quality certifications and some customers have themselves wound up its quality control on for spring. The quality control and quality guarantee is then responsible for spring production. This means even higher quality and reliability of the manufacturers. Springshop improvement work to restructure from even higher quality and reliability of the manufacturers. From the OEE-analysis of grinders machine available data and information on the reasons for include machine downtime. Through the analysis of the measurement results are obtained for the continued improvement of the grinding machine increase utilization and thus secure future production volumes. The project undertaken was OEE-analysis of grinding machines and it has worked out well. The results that come up have led to what has previously been indications to low utilization now has been measured and documented. Recommendation to SG is to work with preventive maintenance to have a uneven get a smoother production, a custom orders to the grinders operator are allocated to plots the day before. Order shall be within a reasonable production capacity and with the utmost focus on quality.
15
Henne, Ingo [Verfasser]. "Schädigungsverhalten von Aluminiumgusslegierungen bei TMF und TMF/HCF-Beanspruchung / Ingo Henne". Aachen : Shaker, 2006. http://d-nb.info/1166513785/34.
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Persson, Alexander, e Hugo Vikdahl. "Fuktbetingade rörelser i tak : Veckbildning i tätskikt på tak av trä". Thesis, KTH, Byggteknik och design, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-302410.
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Veckbildning i bitumenbaserade tätskiktmattor är ett problem som är känt i branschen. Problemet uppstår oftast på underlagstak av trä som är byggda under årets fuktigaste period, oktober-november, och vecken börjar då att bildas i slutet av våren i takt med den ökande solinstrålningen. Vecken bildas när underlagstaket torkar ut och krymper, det leder till att tätskiktets infästningspunkter skjuts ihop och ett materialöverskott av tätskiktsmatta bildas – ett tillräckligt stort materialöverskott visar sig i form av ett veck. Idag kan veckbildningen leda till att tätskiktsmattor måste bytas ut av estetiska skäl. Denna rapport utreder vilka faktorer som påverkar risken för veckbildning. Rörelser i både trä och tätskikt har studerats. Träets rörelser är direkt beroende av dess fuktkvot, när träet torkar ut krymper det också. För att utreda de faktorer som påverkar träets fuktighet har fuktberäknings-programmet WUFI använts. WUFI har nyttjats för att göra en parameterstudie där olika parametrar har jämförts, till exempel: platser i landet, inbyggnadsfuktkvoter, tidpunkter för inbyggnad etc. Till skillnad från de flesta andra material krymper bitumenbaserade tätskikt initialt till följd av uppvärmning från solen. Hur träet och tätskiktet påverkar varandra till följd av deras inbördes rörelser har utretts i form av en hypotes. Antagandet utgår från att tätskiktets mekaniska infästningspunkter i underlagstaket är en viktig del - ju kortare avstånd mellan infästningspunkterna, desto högre är risken för veckbildning. Beräkningar, utifrån antagandet, har gjorts för att kunna jämföra olika utföranden med varandra. Faktorer som leder till minskad risk för veckbildning är att minska fuktkvotsändringen och därmed fuktrörelserna genom att bygga tak med så låg inbyggnadsfuktkvot som möjligt, till exempel genom att bygga under våren/sommaren. Vid byggnation under höst/vinter kan fuktkvoten hållas nere med en avfuktare. Att använda takplywood i stället för råspont leder till minskade rörelser i underlagstaket. En annan åtgärd som skulle minska risken för veckbildning är att öka den maximalt tillåtna krympningen i tätskiktet.Creasing in roofing membranes is a problem that is familiar in the industry. The issue usually occurs on wooden roof deckings constructed during the wettest period of the year, October-November. The creases then begin to form at the end of the spring due to the increasing solar radiation. When the roof decking dries out and shrinks, the creases start to form. The shrinking leads to the attachment points of the roofing membrane getting pushed together. That creates an excess of material - a sufficiently large surplus of material appears in the form of a crease. Today, the formation of creases can lead to roofing membranes having to get replaced for aesthetic reasons. This report investigates the factors that affect the risk of creasing. Both the movement in the wood and the roofing membrane have been examined. The wood's motions are directly dependent on its moisture content. When the wood is drying, it's also shrinking. The moisture calculation program WUFI has been used to investigate the factors that affect the wood's moisture. The investigation is in the form of a parameter study where different parameters have been compared, for example, places in the country, built-in moisture ratios, built-in times, and more. Unlike most other materials, bituminous roofing membranes initially shrink due to heating from the sun. How the wood and the roofing membrane affect each other as a result of their respective movements has been investigated in the form of a hypothesis. It assumes that the mechanical attachment points of the roofing membrane in the roof decking are of importance - the shorter the distance between the attachment points, the higher the risk of creases. Calculations, based on the assumption, have been made to compare different roofing components with each other. Factors that lead to a reduced risk of creasing are to reduce the moisture ratio change and thus the moisture movements by building roofs with as low a built-in moisture ratio as possible, for example, by constructing in the spring/summer. When constructing during autumn/winter, the moisture ratio can be kept down with a dehumidifier. Using roof plywood instead of tongued and grooved board leads to reduced movements in the roof decking. Another measure that would reduce the risk of creasing is to increase the maximum allowable shrinkage in the roofing membrane.
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Bauerle, Erin Ruane. "ASSOCIATION OF MASSETER MUSCLE CACNA2D1, CACNA1S, GABARAP, AND TRPM7 GENE EXPRESSION IN TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT DISORDERS". Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2016. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/392863.
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Oral BiologyM.S.
A major physiological risk factor of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) is sensitization of peripheral and central nervous system pain processing pathways. Calcium channel, voltage-dependent, alpha-2/delta subunit-1 (CACNA2D1) has a crucial role in relaying nociceptive information in the spinal dorsal horn. Up-regulation of CACNA2D1 results in abnormal excitatory synapse formation and enhanced presynaptic excitatory neurotransmitter release. Blocking CACNA2D1 with gabapentinoid-class drugs relieves orofacial hypersensitivity. Drs. Foley, Horton, and Sciote previously reported that in a small sample group (n=12), CACNA2D1 expression was greater in males than females, but increased in women with TMD. The objectives of this study are to corroborate these data and investigate expression patterns of other ion channel and conducting system genes. Additionally, since the null polymorphism ACTN3-577XX associates with muscle fiber microdamage during eccentric contraction, we tested for possible gene associations with ACTN3-R577XX genotypes. Masseter muscle samples came from human subjects (n=23 male; 48 female) with malocclusions undergoing orthognathic surgery. This population had skeletal disharmony of the jaws and thus was prone to eccentric contraction. Three males and eighteen females were diagnosed with localized masticatory myalgia. Muscle total RNA was isolated and CACNA2D1, CACNA1S, GABARAP, and TRPM7 expression was quantified using RT-PCR. Expression of these genes were compared based on TMD status and various characteristics that may influence TMD including: sex, age, facial symmetry, sagittal dimension, vertical dimension, ACTN3-577 genotype and fiber type. CACNA2D1 expression differed significantly between sexes, overall (p<0.02), and without TMD (p=0.001). Women with (n=13) and without (n=23) TMD differed significantly (p<0.03). CACNA2D1 expression was also significantly higher (p=0.031) in subjects below age 25. Similarly, GABARAP expression was significantly higher (p=0.001) for patients younger than 25 and for patients less than or equal to age 18 (p=0.013). Otherwise, CACNA1S, TRPM7 and GABARAP differences were not significant. GABARAP expression differed, but not significantly by sex and for the ACTN3-577XX-null genotype. In a population of malocclusion patients, masseter muscle CACNA2D1 expression is significantly higher than CACNA1S, TRPM7, and GABARAP. CACNA2D1 expression is greater in males than females without TMD. However, CACNA2D1 expression increases significantly in females with TMD-associated myalgia. This may support evidence for calcium channel regulation of nociception differences seen between sexes in TMD. It was also found that expression of CACNA2D1 and GABARAP is significantly higher in younger subjects. Additionally, observations presented here suggest potential influence of ACTN3-null condition on function of GABARAP.
Temple University--Theses
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Melker, Darab Adam, e Magnus Hultgren. "Tak på marknaden ger tak över huvudet? : Sveriges hyreslag genom fyra decennier". Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-71324.
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Det har länge hävdats att bostadsbristen i Stockholm i stora delar beror på att Sveriges sedan 1968 rådande hyreslagstiftning har inneburit ett pristak på marknaden, vilket motverkat en tillfredsställande nybyggnation av hyreslägenheter. Syftet med denna uppsats är undersöka om så är fallet. Hyreslagens grundläggande intentioner och antaganden har utifrån grundläggande teori noggrant synats. Dessutom har den utveckling som skett på marknaden jämförts med de symptom som ett efterfrågeöverskott och ett pristak skulle innebära. Lagstiftningen har visat sig bestå av vad som i förlängningen kan argumenteras ha inneburit en icke-adekvat prisbildningsmekanism. Rimligtvis kan detta ha inneburit ett pristak vilket i sin tur det uppenbara efterfrågeöverskottet i teorin kan härledas till. De symptomatiska tillstånd som visat sig gällande i Stockholm kan därmed på många punkter förklaras av att lagen i praktiken har inneburit ett pristak.
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Henningsson, Gustav, e Cassandra Larsson. "Gröna tak i Karlstad : Potentialen och effekterna av att implementera gröna tak". Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa, natur- och teknikvetenskap (from 2013), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-68826.
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Jordens befolkning ökar successivt vilket ställer krav på att fler bostäder upprättas, följden av detta blir att naturliga grönytor i städer ersätts med hårda ytor och den gröna infrastrukturen behöver återinföras. Urbaniserade områden bidrar därför till miljöproblem och klimatförändringar med katastrofala följder som extrema väder, ökat vattenstånd samt översvämningar. De höga halterna växthusgaser, som resultat från människans handlingar genom utsläpp av koldioxid, gör att växtligheten inte hinner ta upp halterna och luftkvaliteten försämras. Miljöproblemen resulterar också i att arter och livsmiljöer minskar eller förloras, vilket rubbar det naturliga ekosystemet som är grundläggande för människans välbefinnande och överlevnad. Arbetet omfattar en studie över hur gröna tak kan förebygga översvämningsriskerna och bidra till en mer hållbar dagvattenhantering i centrala Karlstad, samt vilka andra mervärden gröna tak kan bidra till ekonomiskt, ekologiskt och socialt. En litteraturstudie gjordes för att identifiera nyttorna av gröna tak i Karlstad, där sedan beräkningar utfördes för dagvattenhanteringen, Tingvallastadens förmåga att buffra mot översvämningar, ekonomiska lönsamheten samt den potentiella förmågan för gröna tak att absorbera luftföroreningar. De identifierade nyttorna från det gröna taket var reduktion av buller, minskade underhållskostnader, förbättring av den fysiska och psykiska hälsan, sänker temperaturer och fungerar som ett isolerande skikt. Från beräkningarna framgick det att gröna tak kan bidra till en reducerad översvämningsrisk och upptagning av partiklar. Slutsatsen av projektet och den redovisade litteraturen är att det gröna taket har goda möjligheter för Karlstad kommun ur ett socialt- samt miljömässigt perspektiv. Nyttorna, i form av främjande av ekosystem och biologisk mångfald, dagvattenhantering, bullerreducering och främjande av välmående, har inte varit möjliga att värdera eller kvantifiera på samma sätt som ur ett ekonomiskt perspektiv. Detta gör att den ekonomiska lönsamheten egentligen kan anses större än vad som redovisats för Karlstad kommun. Gröna tak har en potential att reducera översvämningsrisken för samtliga återkomsttider. Om hänsyn ska tas till kulturarvet i Karlstad kommun är det enbart möjligt att helt reducera risken för översvämningar orsakade av ett 10-årsregn. Av den anledningen är det svårt att motivera en investering av gröna tak ur översvämningssynpunkt om det inte kombineras med andra åtgärder som bidrar till en hållbar dagvattenhantering.The world population is gradually increasing which requires that more habitations are built and natural green spaces are being replaced and needs to be restored. Urbanizations in cities contribute to environmental problems and climate changes with fatal changes like extreme weathers, higher water-standing and flooding. The high value of greenhouse gas, from the human’s impact by using carbon dioxide, results in such high values of gas that the vegetation can’t absorb and the air quality deteriorates. The environmental problems also result in loss of species and habitats which consumes the natural ecosystem that is the foundation of the human well-being and survival. The study comprises in how green roofs can preclude the risks of flooding and contribute to a more sustainable usage of surface water in the central areas of Karlstad and which other surplus values green roofs can add to the economical-, ecological- and social development. The study was aimed to investigate the benefits of green roofs in Karlstad, where the calculations was performed on the surface water use, Tingvallastadens ability to buffer against flooding, the profit investment and the potential capacity for greens roofs to absorb air pollution. The defined benefits of green roofs were reduction of noise, decreasing cost of maintenance, improved health both mentally and physically, lower temperatures and where the roofs also can be used as isolation. From the calculations it appeared that green roofs can conduce to a lowered flooding risk and also help to absorb insanitary particles in the air. The conclusion of the project and the presented literature is that green roofs can provide good possibilities to Karlstad in a social- and ecological matter. The benefits, that is promoting the ecosystem and biodiversity, the surface water use, noise reduction and improving the wellbeing, have not been able to evaluate like the economical investment, which result in that the economical profitable investment may have a bigger impact than the results indicates for Karlstad. Green roofs have a potential to reduce the risks of flooding for all the recurrence intervals. If consideration to the cultural heritage is taken to Karlstad it’s only possible to reduce the flooding caused by a rainfall for 10 years. On that ground it’s hard to motivate an investment in green roofs from a flooding perspective if it is not combined with other arrangements that contributes to a sustainable surface water use.
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Nordwall, Anders. "Finns det något tak? : - Om ökad användning av urbana tak i Uppsala". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Kulturgeografiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-343199.
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Denna studie syftar till att undersöka takanvändningen i Uppsala tätort med dess möjligheter och hinder samt hur kommunen och andra aktörer arbetar med detta. Undersökningen har genomförts med en induktiv metod där insamlat material jämförts med tidigare forskning för att leda fram till diskussion och slutsatser, materialet är hämtat från rapporter, styrdokument och hemsidor men även från intervjuer med ett antal nyckelpersoner som är aktiva inom utveckling och planering för takanvändning, dessa har valts utifrån olika befattningar för att få ett bredare perspektiv. En nödvändig uppdelning i arbetet har gjorts för kategorierna solceller, urban vindkraft, gröna tak och takträdgårdar, takodling samt verksamheter, med sammanställning av material och tidigare exempel från respektive område. Generellt så visar resultaten och analysen på att Uppsala har kommit långt inom planering av solceller då detta även bedöms som ekonomiskt lönsamt medan urban vindkraft står stilla. Inom gröna tak, takodling och verksamheter är bilden mer splittrad, där har markägandet stor betydelse eftersom kommunens rådighet avgörs av vilka krav som går att ställa, vilket visar sig tydligt i var taken utvecklas eller inte. Denna problematik och fler aspekter tas upp i en diskussion som även ger förslag på framtida möjligheter.
21
Petersson, Carl, Kristian Elofsson e Emil Karlsson. "Öppningsbart tak för uterum". Thesis, Växjö University, School of Technology and Design, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-5396.
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Examensarbete handlar om öppningsbara tak till uterum. Flera alternativ har undersökts, en av dessa har vidareutvecklats. Resultatet är en otestad lösning på den problemställning som presenterades av Målerås Mekaniska AB.
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Björnberg, Maja, e Nicole Krystek. "Gröna tak – en nulägesanalays". Thesis, KTH, Byggnadsteknik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-35158.
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Krämer, Michael. "Nanostrukturierung von TMR-Bauelementen". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=973383658.
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Bungert, Andreas. "TMS combined with fMRI". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.546548.
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Still, Benjamin. "T2K ND280 Electromagnetic calorimeter". Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.522357.
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Öhman, Maria. "Ett hus utan tak". Thesis, KTH, Arkitektur, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-168581.
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Innan jag började läsa arkitektur var jag dansare i många år. Då låg jag ofta på golvet och tittade i taket. Så pass länge att taket tillslut blev en vägg. Jag har också snurrat mig yr så att rummets gränser suddats ut, så att upp blev ner och ner blev upp. Med den erfarenheten har jag sökt efter ett sätt att radera bort gränsen för vad som är en vägg, ett golv och ett tak. En kulturskola ska vara en plats för lärande, lust och kreativitet. En plats där möjligheterna är många och begränsningarna få. Där barnen och ungdomarna inte upplever normer kring vad som är normalt, utan en plats där de får exprimentera och inte fastna i begrepp av vad som är rätt och fel. Att komma till Kulturskolan i Älvsjö ska ge eleverna känslan av den taklösa byggnaden som inte begränsar utan snarare visar på alla de möjligheter en plats för lärande och reativitet har. Byggnaden är en samlad kropp med rumsligheter i fasad. I kontrast till grannen Stockholmsmässan där all verksamhet sker i hemlighet och bakom slutna väggar visar byggnaden upp sin verksamhet för det kringliggande Älvsjö. Jag har sökt efter en byggnad där barnen får vara kvar i sin öppna värld. Där det inte finns ett rätt svar utan där svaren är många. Eleverna ska kunna vrida på huvudet och världen ska vara sig lik eller lägga sig på golvet och upp liknar ner. Det blir en byggnad utan tak eller ett fotavtryck mot himmlen.Before I started studying architecture, I was a dancer for many years. I often laid on the floor and looked at the ceiling. For so long that the ceiling was transformed into a wall. I have also twisted and turned myself dizzy in rooms so boundaries have become blurred, where up has been down and down has been up. With that experience, I have been looking for a way to erase the limits of what is a wall, a floor and a ceiling. A Kulturskola should be a place for learning, desire and creativity. A place where the opportunities are many and the limitations are few. Where children and young people not experience norms of what is normal, but where they can experiment and not get caught up in the concept of what is right and wrong. Beeing at the Kulturskola in Älvsjö should give the students the feeling of the roofless building which does not limit but rather shows all the potential of a place for learning and creativity. In contrast to the neighboring Stockholm International Fairs where all the activity takes place in secret and behind closed walls, this buildning shows Älvsjö what is happening inside. I have searched for a building where children can be left in their open world. Students should be able to turn their heads and the world should be the same or lie down on the floor and up is similar to down. It is a building without a roof or a footprint to the sky.
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Lukášová, Veronika. "Posvítit si do tmy". Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta výtvarných umění, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-403863.
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My disertation theses explores the intricate relationship between art, science and photography in the framework of the contemporary culture. Clearly outlined research areas open up the subject to a broader theoretical examination to underpin the artistic strategies that can be employed in the practial research. The resulting artwork interprets the domain of particle physics in a series of artworks. First area of the research delves into the domain of images and seeks to understand the relationship between the images of art and science in a broader sense. Second area investigates ambiguous medium of photography as both tool of science and art. Third area is an overview of the history of representation of the subatomic world and issues related to representing what is in fact unrepresentable. Fourth seeks to find epistemic and conceptual connection between art and science and their interdisciplinary dialogue as Sci-Art. The fifth part introduces artworks that reflect the critical egangement with the theoretical research and the scientific method by building the instrument for the observation of the cosmic rays. Sources for the theoretical framework are largely drawn from the academic literature written in the UK and USA where the topics explored in the theses have been studied in depth. The time scope considered in the theses encompasses 1990's of the 20. century up utill the present day.
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Vu, Mai. "Urban vindkraft på tak". Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för byggteknik (BY), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-54379.
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Växjö har ett intresse att förbättra sin miljöfråga om koldioxid utsläpp genom att öka mängden av förnybara energier resurser i samhället. Detta examensarbete bär med sig detta intresse och studerar om urbana vindkraftverk på tak. Syftet med arbetet är att öka kunskap om småskaliga vindkraftverk på tak i urban miljö som vidare kan bidra till utvecklingen med förnybar vindkrafts energi i staden. Rapporten studerar de faktorer som rör energiproduktions fråga från småskaliga vindkraftverk på tak i urbana miljöer som vindresurser, lämpliga vindkraftverk och förhållande mellan dem med dem medförande påverkningar samt problem. Resultatet av undersökningen visar energi beteende från småskaliga vindkraftverk på en befintlig offentlig byggnad i Växjö stad. Undersökningen visar en låg energiproduktion som bara täcker en liten del av bygg-nadens energianvändning. Urban vindkraft behöver mer insatser och studier för en fungerande marknad som kan konkurrera ut koldioxiden.
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Dzemidzic, Admir, e Garrido Leandro Fuica. "Utveckling av platta tak : Utvecklingsåtgärder som förbättrar och ökar användningen av platta tak". Thesis, KTH, Byggvetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-174281.
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Detta examensarbete handlar om utvecklingsåtgärder på platta tak. Åtgärderna som tas upp är specifikt avsedda för två hustyper på Byälvsvägen i Bagarmossen, söder om Stockholm. Hustyperna är lamell- och loftgångshus som är byggda under slutet av miljonprogrammet. Båda hustyperna har platta tak med invändigt avvattningssystem. Taken ska inom några år läggas om på grund av slitage. Syftet med detta arbete är att ta fram och undersöka olika åtgärder för att utveckla, förbättra och öka användningen av de platta taken på loftgångs- och lamellhusen. Examensarbetet har utförts med hjälp av litteraturstudier, intervjuer och studiebesök. För gestaltning av husen och de byggtekniska lösningarna har 3D-programmet autodesk Revit använts. Arbetet innehåller förslag på utvecklingsåtgärder som är möjliga att utföra med eller utan förstärkning av tak och stomme. I arbetet tas det även fram byggtekniska lösningar på samtliga åtgärder. Åtgärder utan förstärkning av tak och stomme: Utveckling av takutformning Utveckling av avrinningssystem Gröna tak (lätt sedumtak) Solceller Åtgärder med förstärkning av tak och stomme: Gröna tak (intensivt tak) Påbyggnad av lägenheter eller radhus Ökad tillgänglighet i form av hiss och trapporThis thesis is about developing measures on flat roofs. The measures that are brought up are specifically designed for two types of houses on Byälvsvägen in Bagarmossen, south of Stockholm. The house types are balcony aces blocks and lamellar houses, both are built during the so called in Swedish “million program”. Both house types have flat roofs with internal drainage. The roofs will be renovated within a few years due to wear. The purpose is to create and examine various measures to develop, improve and increase the use of the flat roofs of the balcony aces blocks and lamellar houses. The work has been carried out with the help of literature studies, interviews and field trips. The 3D program software Autodesk revit has been used for the design of the houses and structural engineering. The thesis includes suggestions for developing measures that are possible to apply, with and without reinforcement of the roof and frame. This thesis also brings up structural engineering solutions on all measures. Measures without reinforcement of roof and frame: Development of roof structure Development of drainage system Green roofs (light sedum roofs) Solar panels Measures with reinforcement of roof and frame: Green roofs (heavy roofs) Adding storeys of apartments or townhouses Availability in form of elevator and stairs
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Albrecht, Brian Keith. "A concise total synthesis of the TMC-95A and TMC-95B proteasome inhibitors". Access citation, abstract and download form; downloadable file 12.48 Mb, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/3131652.
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Silva, Álvaro Múcio Leite da. "Análise da intensidade e frequências dos ruídos articulares da articulação temporomandibular /". Guaratinguetá : [s.n.], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/97068.
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Orientador: Araildo Lima da SilvaBanca: Mauro Pedro Peres
Banca: Libório José Faria Júnior
Resumo: O presente trabalho tem por objetivos, analisar a intensidade e freqüência dos ruídos articulares da articulação temporomandibular (A.T.M.) de indivíduos saudáveis e patológicos, auxiliar nos procedimentos clínicos e em futuras pesquisas. Para a análise dos sinais coletados foi desenvolvido um sistema para aquisição de dados, composto por um conjunto estetoscópio/microfone, equipamentos para condicionamento e aquisição de sinais e aplicativos computacionais para registro, análise e apresentação dos dados. A identificação das freqüências dominantes e o cálculo dos parâmetros considerados no domínio do tempo (valor médio, valor eficaz, desvio padrão e nível da pressão sonora - NPS) foram realizados por meio de programas computacionais específicos. Os resultados decorrentes dos cálculos e das observações em relação aos sinais obtidos, possibilitaram a determinação das faixas de freqüência, o nível da pressão sonora em decibéis (dB)* da população em estudo, além de proporcionar algumas diferenças entre os grupos patológicos e não-patológicos. Pode-se concluir que a presença da patologia influiu na amplitude dos sinais coletados, diferenciando dessa forma os casos patológicos dos não patológicos. Outra contribuição desse trabalho foi o desenvolvimento de um exame não invasivo para as Disfunções das Articulações Temporomandibulares (D.T.Ms.)
Abstract: This word has the objective of analyzing the amount and frequency of articular noise in temporomandibular joint (TMJ) of both healthy and pathological individuals and aid in clinical procedures as well as in future researches. For the proposed analysis, a dada collecting system was developed comprising a stethoscope/microphone set, equipment for the signal conditioning and capturing, and computer software for data recording, analysis and presentation. The identification of dominating frequencies and the parameter calculation considered in the time period (average amount, efficient amount, linear fit, and sound pressure level) were performed through specific computer softwares. The results found through the calculations and observations in relation to the signals obtained made the determination of the frequency, the level of sound pressure (in dB) of the studied population possible besides differentiating the pathological and non-pathological groups. It can be concluded that the presence of the pathology influenced in the amplitude of the collected signals, differentiating of this form the pathological cases of the not pathological ones. Another contribution of this work was the development of a not invasive examination for the temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD)
Mestre
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Muñoz, Bernardo Manuel Marcial. "Ampliación de producción de la unidad minera Chungar de 2000 TMD a 3000 TMD". Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería. Programa Cybertesis PERÚ, 2006. http://cybertesis.uni.edu.pe/uni/2006/munoz_bm/html/index-frames.html.
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Gerard, Alexander, e Maatouk Ahmad. "Hur ser möjligheten ut för att anpassa befintliga tak till gröna tak med våtmark?" Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för teknik och samhälle (TS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-20369.
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Våtmarkstak är en typ av extensiva gröna tak med våtmarks- eller träskväxter planterade i växtbädden.Syftet med studien är att undersöka om befintliga tak kan anpassas till gröna tak med våtmark samt visa vilka för- och nackdelar grönt tak med våtmark har jämfört med traditionella gröna tak utan våtmark.Detta leder till studiens frågeställning: ”Hur ser möjligheten ut för att anpassa befintliga tak till gröna tak med våtmark?”.Studien har sin bas i litteraturstudie med stöd av intervjuer och överslagsberäkningar.Den största fördelen med våtmarkstak jämfört med sedum- och mosstak är förmågan att ta upp mer dagvatten och att de har en rikare biotop. Det finns dock en nackdel som särskiljer sig jämfört med de andra gröna taken och det är risken för läckage. Eftersom våtmarkstaken kan hålla så mycket vatten kan en läcka bli mycket kostsam.De flesta byggnader kan anpassas för att klara att bära upp lasterna från ett våtmarkstak. Anpassningen för våtmarkstak kan bara göras på tak med en befintlig taklutning som inte överstiger 15 grader.Wetland roofs are a type of extensive green roofs with wetland or marsh plants planted in the plant bed.The aim of the study is to investigate whether existing roofs can be adapted to green roofs with wetlands and show the pros and cons of green roofs with wetlands compared with traditional green roofs without wetlands.This leads to the study's question: "How is the ability to adapt existing roofs to green roofs with wetlands?".The study is based on a literature study with the support of interviews and rough estimates.The biggest advantage of wetland roofs compared to sedum and moss roofs is the ability to absorb more stormwater and have a richer biotope. However, there is a disadvantage that differs from the other green roofs and that is the risk of leakage. Since the wetland roof can hold so much water, a leak can be very costly.Most buildings can be adapted to be able to carry the loads from a wetland roof. The adaptation for wetland roofs can only be done with an existing roof slope that does not exceed 15 degrees.
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Leung, Wai-yin Daphne. "Ferry pier at Kai Tak". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2004. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31987175.
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Näslund, Johanna. "Gröna tak för hållbar utveckling". Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för tillämpad fysik och elektronik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-105385.
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Det är många faktorer som bestämmer val av tak i olika situationer idag. Den största frågan som uppstår handlar oftast om kostnaden. I intervjuer och studier har en sammanställning gjorts som beskriver alternativen grönt tak eller traditionella svarta tak på det nya badhuset i Umeå ur de tre hållbarhetsdimensionerna. Det extensiva gröna taket visar sig vara mer bullerdämpande, förbättrar luftkvaliteten i tätbefolkade och trånga städer. Det gröna taket har även en förmåga att ta upp ca 50 % av den årliga nederbörden. Något som gör det gröna taket mer hållbart ur ett miljömässigt perspektiv. Det gröna taket har också en betydligt längre livslängd än det svarta taket, förmodligen minst den dubbla. Undersökningarna visar att det svarta taket har en ekonomisk fördel sett till investeringen under en kortare period på 30 år. Det håller dock inte lika länge som ett grönt tak. Vid beräkning av nuvärdet, genom nuvärdesmetoden, visar det sig att ett svart tak inte är billigare än ett grönt tak under en längre tidsperiod på 60 år. Slutsatsen är att både det gröna taket och det svarta taket har för- och nackdelar. Det gröna taket framstår som mer fördelaktigt än det svarta taket. Framförallt är det gröna taket bättre ur det ekologiska - och sociala hållbarhetsperspektivet. Resultatet av kostnadseffektiviteten är räknat på ett längre perspektiv på 60 år och en kortare period på 30 år. Undersökningen visar att det gröna taket är mer ekonomiskt hållbart ur det längre perspektivet medan det svarta taket visar på lägre kostnader, räknat på en kortare period. Det är den största anledningen till varför beställare idag oftast väljer det svarta taket före det gröna.There are many factors that determine the choice of roof in different situations today. The biggest issue that occurs is usually about the cost. In interviews and studies has a compilation been made and describes the selection of roof at the new bath house in Umea, in the three dimensions of sustainability. The extensive green roof is noise reducing, improves air quality in densely populated and crowded cities. The green roof also has an ability to absorb about 50% of the annual rainfall. Which make the green roof more sustainable from an environmental perspective. The green roof also has a significantly longer life span than the felted roof, probably at least twice the age. The felted roof has an economic advantage in terms of investment over a period of 30 years. It is, however, not as long lasting as a green roof. By calculating a net present value, the net present value method count, it turns out that a felted roof is not cheaper than a green roof for an extended period of 60 years. The conclusion is that both the green roofs and the felted roofs have their pros and cons. The green roof is much more beneficial than the felted roof because of the ecological and social sustainability perspective. The results of cost-effectiveness are calculated on a longer perspective on 60 years and a shorter period of 30 years. Surveys show that the green roof is more sustainable in the longer term while the felted roof shows a lower cost on a shorter period. Which are the biggest reasons why the clients often choose the felted roof before green roof.
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劉美鳳 e Mei-fung Catherine Lau. "[Intra]tecture: Kai Tak station". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3198583X.
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Leung, Wai-yin Daphne, e 梁慧妍. "Ferry pier at Kai Tak". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31987175.
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Harvey, Jana R. "Tok Pisin on the Internet". Virtual Press, 2007. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1370880.
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Internet message boards are a medium by which educated Papua New Guineans who are living outside of Papua New Guinea (PNG) maintain ties to one another and to their home country. One of the languages that they use on these message boards is Tok Pisin (TP), an English-based creole spoken in PNG that has changed rapidly in theapproximately 120 years since its creation as a pidgin.Romaine (1992) suggests that decreolization by means of new changes toward English is occurring in the TP language. Smith (2002) disagrees and claims that there is no evidence for decreolization. This study shows that there is evidence in favor of decreolization, in particular a Matrix Language (ML) turnover (Myers-Scotton 2002), in the TP used on seven Internet message boards. This conclusion is also derived through the study of 139 letters to the editor in the TP weekly newspaper Wantok written during 2003 and 2006.In looking for English `late system morphemes,' whose existence in bilingual complementizer phrases that have TP as the ML would indicate the beginning of a ML turnover (Myers-Scotton 2002), this study counts deletion of the TP particle i as a late system morpheme.Results show that on Internet message boards, the particle i only marks the predicate in 33% of the locations where it would occur in Standard TP. In Wantok letters to the editor, i occurs 95% of the time. Internet users are more likely to be influenced by English and have less access to Standard TP. Although TP is still valued by highly educated Papua New Guineans in the English domain of the Internet to discuss personal topics and show solidarity with one another, it is not their first choice of language, and the loss of the particle i shows evidence for a ML turnover having begun in the language. One conclusion that may be drawn from this study is that planning for the future of TP by the leaders of PNG is essential to maintain TP as a community language.Department of English
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Nordlöf, Kristin. "Gröna tak i urbana områden". Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för elektronik, matematik och naturvetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-18601.
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Lau, Mei-fung Catherine. "[Intra]tecture : Kai Tak station /". Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25947655.
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Hyndman, Alexander. "Muon neutrino disappearance at T2K". Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2012. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/2515.
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This thesis measures the muon neutrino oscillation at T2K using the first data of the experiment. It concentrates on developing an original selection at Super-Kamionde, the T2K far detector, that improves the performance of the current standard selection. A new, more precise measurement of the oscillation parameters sin2 2 23 and Δm2 32 is performed using this new selection. T2K is a long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment located in Japan which began data taking in January 2010. It uses the world’s most powerful accelerator generated beam of muon neutrinos intersected by two detectors. The near detector is located 280 m from the beam source while Super-Kamiokande lies 295 km away. Super-Kamiokande is a 50 kt water Cherenkov detector which measures the neutrino beam after oscillation. The determination of the oscillation parameters comes from looking at the disappearance of muon neutrinos from the beam. For this purpose event selection at Super-Kamiokande is optimised for neutrino flavour identification and energy reconstruction, specifically, selecting muon neutrino charged-current quasi-elastic events, primarily with single muon-like Cherenkov rings produced by the outgoing muon. This thesis evaluates two new methods of enhancing the selection to obtain a higher sensitivity from the data, firstly by exploring a multi-variate analysis approach to charged-current quasi-elastic selection, and secondly through the exploration of an additional charged-current single charged pion channel. Out of these only the multivariate based selection produced an improvement in the sensitivity to oscillation with respect to the standard selection. A first analysis of the data collected until March 11th 2011 using the above described improvement is presented in this thesis. A value of 2:68+0:12 −0:18 × 10−3 eV2 was recorded for Δm2 32 and 0:999+0:001 −0:009 for sin2 2 23. 2
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Mardan, Zaid, e Bessam Al-Kamisi. "Gröna Tak - Finns det fuktrisker?" Thesis, KTH, Byggteknik och design, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-192067.
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Novaga, Celeste Garcia Ribeiro. "Relexificação fonológica no Tok Pisin". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2013. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/13790.
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O tok pisin (TP) é uma língua crioula de base inglesa utilizada por milhões de pessoas na Papua Nova Guiné. É uma língua relativamente nova, em pleno processo de estruturação. No campo das línguas crioulas, é uma das mais bem documentadas, especialmente em relação a sua história e desenvolvimento. Este estudo está pautado na hipótese de que o equivalente ao aspecto gramatical da fonologia (padrões silábicos) do tok pisin tende a se aproximar do inglês, enquanto o equivalente ao aspecto lexical (inventário de fonemas) permanece mais próximo das línguas de substrato. Para isso, foi realizado um estudo do sistema fonológico, especialmente da sílaba do tok pisin, a fim de esclarecer o fato, observado anteriormente de essa língua ter estruturas silábicas mais próximas da língua lexificadora do que das línguas de substrato, caracterizando uma situação oposta ao que ocorre na hipótese da relexificação, proposta por Claire Lefebvre. A comparação dos quadros das consoantes, vogais e dos padrões silábicos do tok pisin, das línguas se substrato (motu, enga e tolai) e do inglês, mostra claramente os padrões do TP muito mais complexos, assemelhando-se aos padrões do inglês, enquanto as consoantes e vogais permanecem mais próximas das línguas de substrato. ______________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT
The Tok Pisin (TP) is the most important language for almost six million people in Papua New Guinea. It is one of three official languages in that country, together with Hiri Motu and English. It is one of the most welldocumented creole language, especially in relation to its history and development. This study is based on the assumption that the equivalent of the grammatical aspect of phonology (syllable patterns) of Tok Pisin tends to approximate to that of English, while the equivalent lexical aspect (inventory of phonemes) remains closer to the substrate languages. For this end, a study was undertaken of the phonological system, especially the syllable of Tok Pisin in order to clarify the fact observed a priori that this language has a syllabic structure closer to the lexifier language than the substrate language, characterizing a situation opposite to that desenibed in the relexification hypothesis proposed by Claire Lefebvre. The possible relevance of this study is the emergence of a new reading of the phonological grammar of Tok Pisin. The results show that the equivalent of the grammatical aspect of phonology (syllable patterns) of Tok Pisin tends toward chat of English, while the equivalent of the lexical aspect of inventory phonemes remains closer to the substrate languages. This argument is based on basiletal data of Tok Pisin which show that the phoneme inventory of Tok Pisin is closer to the motu, enga and tolai languages, while the syllabic patterns are similar to those found in the English language. Concerning acroletal data of Tok Pisin, this research has identified high degree of English influence in its phonology.
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Ilčík, Jakub. "Zavěšená lávka přes vodní tok". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-409792.
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The aim of this masters thesis is a design of a suspended pedestrian bridge over a watercourse. There are two variants designed, one of which is selected for static analysis. The chosen variant is a suspended pedestrian bridge with an inclined „A“ shaped pylon situated on one bank and deck made of prefabricated segments. The cross-section is designet to allow the transfer of both pedestrian and bycicle traffic. Thesis contains structural design of construction modeled in SCIA Engineer and checked in IDEA Statica. Design and assessment are acordign to the current European standarts.
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Nelin, Nicole, e Susanne Roth. "Ökad kunskap om gröna tak". Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för teknik och samhälle (TS), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-20541.
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Omvärlden blir allt mer medveten om konsekvenserna av vår påverkan på miljön och viktenav miljöförbättrande åtgärder samtidigt som den ekonomiska faktorn ofta väger tungt och ärstyrande vid val av takbeläggningar. Många myter existerar idag om gröna tak och vi hoppasmed detta examensarbete kunna avfärda en del av dem. Syftet med examensarbetet var attanalysera de olika för- och nackdelarna hos gröna tak. Detta utfördes bland annat genom enjämförelse mellan gröna tak och papptak med fokus på kostnader för material och monteringsamt genom att undersöka skillnaden mellan takbeläggningarnas effekter på dagvattenflödet.Vid kostnadsberäkningarna jämfördes totalkostnaderna mot fördelarna och nackdelarna hosde olika takbeläggningarna. Dagvattenberäkningarna utfördes med översiktliga handberäkningar med rationella metoden. Ett av målen med examensarbetet var även attundersöka vilka av de gröna takens för- och nackdelar som utgör betydande faktorer vid valav gröna tak eller då man väljer att avstå från dessa. En enkätundersökning med flervalsfrågor användes för att undersöka detta.Det är allmänt känt att papptak kostar betydligt mindre i inköp och montering än gröna tak.Många är dock inte medvetna om att ett papptaks livslängd är ungefär hälften av vad ett grönt tak kan uppnå. Med kostnaderna för material och montering och med hänsyn till takbeläggningarnas för- och nackdelar blir det gröna taket endast ett fåtal procent dyrare än ett papptak. Detta sett ur ett 40-årsperspektiv. Även i enkätundersökningen blev det tydligt att få personer inom byggbranschen är medvetna om den stora fördelen med de gröna takens långa livslängd. Det var endast ett fåtal som ansåg att detta var en viktig anledning till att väljagröna tak. I enkätundersökningen kan man se att den främsta anledningen till att många väljer bort gröna tak som takbeläggning var den dyra inköps- och monteringskostnaden. Brist på kunskap var dessutom den andra största anledningen till att gröna tak väljs bort. Den största anledningen till att man istället valde att anlägga gröna tak var fördelen med takets reducering och fördröjning av dagvatten.Dagvattenberäkningarna som utfördes visade att avrinningen tydligt hade minskas från taken i det givna referensområdet om de anlagts med extensiva eller semi-intensiva gröna tak. Även det totala dagvattenflödet i referensområdet skulle minskas påtagligt. Vattenmättnaden hos gröna tak undersöktes vid ett 10-årsregn med en hög intensitet vilket visade att det skulle ta flera timmar för ett extensivt respektive semi-intensivt grönt tak med given takarea att uppnå vattenmättnad.Med detta examensarbete hoppas vi bland annat kunna förmedla till byggbranschen att det är viktigt att se takbeläggningen ur ett längre perspektiv. En på kort sikt dyr lösning kan löna sig om man ser till de gynnsamma effekter en dyrare lösning kan ha över en längre period.The purpose of this essay is to analyse the advantages and disadvantages of green roofs. We also investigate which factors that are the most important when choosing between green roofs and other roofing materials. That is why we found it interesting to compare green roofs to felted roofs. To see what the differences are between these roofing materials both from a costefficiency and a stormwater management perspective. We wanted to see if green roofs are more cost-effective to use in long term since felted roofs are cheaper but only has a lifespan about half as long as the green roofs. Considering this along with the advantages anddisadvantages of the different roofing materials it is clear that extensive green roofs hascomparable material and assembly costs to felted roofs in a 40-year period. The differencesbetween green roofs and felted roofs in stormwater management was examined by calculating if the waterflow in a given area can be reduced if green roofs were to replace all the roofs. These calculations showed that the stormwater flow from the roofs would lessen significantly when replaced. Calculations for how long it can rain before green roofs are water-saturated showed that with a consistent rain with a predefined intensity it would take several hours for green roofs to reach water-saturation.To investigate which advantages and disadvantages that are the most important to the Swedish building industry when choosing between green roofs and other roofing materials, aquestionnaire with multiple-answer questions was drawn up. The results showed that thegreater costs of green roofs and shortage of knowledge is the first and second most common reasons why the industry refrains from them. The most common reasons to choose green roofs was its ability to reduce and delay the stormwater flow and its esthetical value.
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Ahmed, Omer Abdelrahim Sidig. "Relationship of TMD diagnosis and self-reported biopsychosocial status of patients attending the TMD clinic". University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6638.
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Magister Scientiae Dentium - MSc(Dent)Background: This study aimed to investigate a possible relationship between the diagnosis of TMD and biographical, psychological and social status of patients. Materials and Method: All records of patients who attended the TMD clinic in the Mitchells Plain Oral Health Centre in the period from January 2015 to July 2018, and who were examined according to the DC/TMD protocol, were collected. All diagnostic observations, as well as their biographical, psychological and social data were recorded. Statistical analysis was performed by means of comparisons and association analysis among data to evaluate if there were any statistically relevant associations or differences.
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Mendes, Andreia Gonçalves. "Abordagem terapêutica da patologia inflamatória da articulação temporomandibular". Master's thesis, [s.n.], 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/3793.
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Projeto de Pós-Graduação/Dissertação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Medicina DentáriaA patologia inflamatória da articulação temporomandibular é uma das desordens intraarticulares mais comuns. Apesar de a sua etiologia ainda não estar bem explicada, sabe-se que um dos principais factores são os traumas (microtrauma e macrotrauma), e que estes levam à formação de processos inflamatórios nas superfícies articulares. O principal sintoma que acompanha estas desordens inflamatórias é a dor, e sendo esta o principal motivo da vinda do paciente às consultas, torna-se importante que o médico dentista conheça as abordagens necessárias para tratar esta patologia. Normalmente o tratamento das desordens temporomandibulares inflamatórias passa por uma abordagem multidisciplinar, farmacológica e com ajuda de tratamentos de fisioterapia. A maior parte destas patologias resolvem-se com tratamentos reversíveis e não-invasivos, tais como: medicação sistémica e local; terapia com laser de baixa intensidade, ultrassons, iontoforese e fonoforese. Com esta revisão bibliográfica pretende-se fornecer um conhecimento mais aprofundado sobre as patologias inflamatórias da ATM e a sua abordagem terapêutica. The temporomandibular joint inflammation is one of the most common pathology within the intra-articular disorders. Although its etiology is not yet fully explained, it is known that the major factor is trauma (microtrauma and macrotrauma) causing the formation of inflammatory processes in the articular surfaces. The main symptom that accompanies these inflammatory disorders is pain leading the patient to find a dentist. Thus, it is important that dentists know the approaches needed to treat this disorder. Normally the treatment of inflammatory temporomandibular disorders involves a multidisciplinary approach, with the help of pharmacological and physical therapy treatments. Most of these pathologies are resolved with reversible and non-invasive treatments, such as systemic and local medication, low-level laser therapy, ultrasounds, iontophoresis and phonophoresis. This bibliographic review aims to provide a deeper understanding on the inflammatory pathologies of the TMJ and its therapeutic approach.
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Höwler, Marcel. "Präparation und Charakterisierung von TMR-Nanosäulen". Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-91946.
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Diese Arbeit befasst sich mit der Nanostrukturierung von magnetischen Schichtsystemen mit Tunnelmagnetowiderstandseffekt (TMR-Effekt), welche in der Form von Nanosäulen in magnetoresistiven Speichern (MRAM) eingesetzt werden. Solche Nanosäulen können zukünftig ebenfalls als Nanoemitter von Mikrowellensignalen eine Rolle spielen. Dabei wird von der Auswahl eines geeigneten TMR-Schichtsystems mit einer MgO-Tunnelbarriere über die Präparation der Nanosäulen mit Seitenisolierung bis hin zum Aufbringen der elektrischen Zuleitungen eine komplette Prozesskette entwickelt und optimiert. Die Strukturen werden mittels optischer Lithographie und Elektronenstrahllithographie definiert, die anschließende Strukturübertragung erfolgt durch Ionenstrahlätzen (teilweise reaktiv) sowie durch Lift-off. Rückmeldung über Erfolg oder Probleme bei der Strukturierung geben Transmissionselektronenmikroskopie (teilweise mit Zielpräparation per Ionenfeinstrahl, FIB), Rasterelektronenmikroskopie sowie die Lichtmikroskopie. Es können so TMR-Nanosäulen mit minimalen Abmessungen von bis zu 69 nm x 71 nm hergestellt werden, von denen Nanosäulen mit Abmessungen von 65 nm x 87 nm grundlegend magneto-elektrisch charakterisiert worden sind. Dies umfasst die Bestimmung des TMR-Effektes und des Widerstandes der Tunnelbarriere (RA-Produkt). Weiterhin wurde das Verhalten der magnetischen Schichten bei größeren Magnetfeldern bis +-200mT sowie das Umschaltverhalten der magnetisch freien Schicht bei verändertem Winkel zwischen magnetischer Vorzugsachse des TMR-Elementes und dem äußeren Magnetfeld untersucht. Der Nachweis des Spin-Transfer-Torque Effektes an den präparierten TMR-Nanosäulen ist im Rahmen dieser Arbeit nicht gelungen, was mit dem zu hohen elektrischen Widerstand der verwendeten Tunnelbarriere erklärt werden kann. Mit dünneren Barrieren konnte der Widerstand gesenkt werden, allerdings führt ein Stromfluss durch diese Barrieren schnell zur Degradation der Barrieren. Weiterführende Arbeiten sollten das Ziel haben, niederohmige und gleichzeitig elektrisch belastbare Tunnelbarrieren in einem entsprechenden TMR-Schichtsystem abzuscheiden. Eine erste Auswahl an Ansatzpunkten dafür aus der Literatur wird im Ausblick gegebenThis thesis deals with the fabrication of nanopillars with tunnel magnetoresistance effect (TMR-effect), which are used in magnetoresistive memory (MRAM) and may be used as nanooscillators for future near field communication devices. Starting with the selection of a suitable TMR-layer stack with MgO-tunnel barrier, the whole process chain covering the fabrication of the nanopillars, sidewall isolation and preparation of the supply lines on top is developed and optimised. The structures are defined by optical and electron beam lithography, the subsequent patterning is done by ion beam etching (partially reactive) and lift-off. Techniques providing feedback on the nanofabrication are transmission electron microscopy (partially with target preparation by focused ion beam, FIB), scanning electron microscopy and optical microscopy. In this way nanopillars with minimal dimensions reaching 69 nm x 71 nm could be fabricated, of which nanopillars with a size of 65 nm x 87 nm were characterized fundamentally with respect to their magnetic and electric properties. This covers the determination of the TMR-effect and the resistance of the tunnel barrier (RA-product). In addition, the behaviour of the magnetic layers under higher magnetic fields (up to +-200mT) and the switching behaviour of the free layer at different angles between the easy axis of the TMR-element and the external magnetic field were investigated. The spin transfer torque effect could not be detected in the fabricated nanopillars due to the high electrical resistance of the tunnel barriers which were used. The resistance could be lowered by using thinner barriers, but this led to a quick degradation of the barrier when a current was applied. Continuative work should focus on the preparation of tunnel barriers in an appropriate TMR-stack being low resistive and electrically robust at the same time. A first selection of concepts and ideas from the literature for this task is given in the outlook
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Porubská, Jana. "Microstructure and properties of TMP papers". Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=33343.
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Paper is comprised of quasi-randomly distributed fibres, fines and different additives. The properties of paper depend on the type of fibres used, their uniformity of distribution, the amount and type of fines and fillers. It is difficult to predict how a particular component will behave in a mixture. This will depend on the form of material introduced (flocculated or dispersed) and on what kind of interactions will take place. These factors can be controlled by various wet-end strategies based on known colloidal behaviour of various additives. Thus, applying this knowledge to papermaking, one should be able to predict and control final structures of paper, which will be reflected in optical and mechanical properties.A thorough understanding of the effects of different materials, such as fines and fillers, on optical and mechanical properties of paper can only be obtained from a systematic study. Therefore, this research focused on elucidating the relationship between the nature and amount of fines and fillers and paper properties. The studies were mainly limited to papers made from thermomechanical pulps (TMP), although occasionally comparisons with other pulps were made as well.
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Sandberg, Helene. "Biodiversitet av evertebrater på vegetativa tak". Thesis, University of Skövde, School of Life Sciences, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-3907.
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In a city sometimes conflicts arise between either to save the species-rich vacant lots where many species thrive, or to build new buildings. Green roofs can then serve as a refuge for plants and animals that have had their natural habitat destroyed or diminished. Today we know too little about green roofs contribution to the biodiversity in the cities. We also know very little about how various types of vegetation on roof can increase biodiversity and its ability to attract different species.The aim with this study was to examine how different types of vegetation on the roofs affect the biodiversity of the invertebrate and how species-composition and number of individuals differ between the roof- and groundlevel.This study has been carried out on Augustenborg Botanical Roof Gardens in Malmo, and in an area about 1.5 kilometers away from Augustenborg. Three different types of vegetation on the roof and ground floor were selected: sedum- ruderal and grass. The sedum roof consists of a thin layer of soil where sedum species and mosses grow. Grass roof consists of a thicker layer of soil with different grasses and meadow plants. The ruderal roof consists of a thin layer of soil with plenty of rocks and gravel on top and the vegetation is varied and scarce.Grass roof had the highest biodiversity and was also the roof with the highest number of species and individuals. The thick soil on this roof serves as protection against sun and heat, and allows species to lay eggs and to find food. The grassvegetation on the ground also contained the greatest number of species and individuals and had the highest biodiversity. This is explained by its thick soil substrate and that the area is covered with a large variety of both high-and low-growing plant species which provide shelter, shade and nectar for both mobile and non-mobile invertebrates.The sedum roof has the lowest biodiversity and the highest eveness in abundance among species. The combination of plantdiversity and thin soil layer allows just a small number of species to thrive on the roof. The invertebrates consists of mainly mobile species. Many of the species found depends on nectar and pollen as a foodsource, which is abundant on the roof from early summer and autumn when the sedum species are in bloom.The ruderal roof is slightly different from the other roofs, the landscape is dry and scarce which makes it difficult for many species to survive. Ruderal roof have the least number of species and lowest biodiversity. The results
I en stad uppstår det ibland konflikter mellan att antingen spara artrika ödetomter, där många arter trivs, eller att bygga nya byggnader. Vegetativa tak kan då fungera som refuger för växter och djur som fått sitt naturliga habitat förstört eller förminskats. Idag vet man dock alltför lite om vegetativa taks påverkan på bevarandet och ökandet av biodiversiteten i städer. Man vet också väldigt lite om hur olika vegetationstyper på tak kan öka biodiversiteten på dessa tak, samt takens förmåga att attrahera olika arter.Syftet med denna studie har varit att undersöka hur olika vegetationstyper på tak påverkar den biologiska mångfalden av evertebrater och hur artsammansättningen och individantalet skiljer sig mellan de olika taken samt markplan.Denna studie har genomförts på Augustenborg Botaniska Takträdgård i Malmö samt på en ödetomt ca 1,5km därifrån. Tre olika vegetationstyper på tak- och markplan har inventerats; sedum, ruderat och gräs. Sedumtaket består av ett tunt jordlager där sedumarter (fetbladsväxter) och mossor växer. Grästaket består av ett tjockare jordlager med olika gräs- och ängsväxter. Ruderattaket består av ett tunt jordlager med mycket sten och grus ovanpå, med växtlighet som är varierad och knapp.Grästaket hade högst biodiversitet av taken och var också det tak med flest arter och individer. Det tjocka jordsubstratet fungerar som ett skydd mot sol och värme samt gör det möjligt för vissa arter att lägga ägg och för näringssök. Flest arter och individer inventerades på gräsvegetationen på markplan och var det habitat på markplan med högst biodiversitet. Det tjocka jordsubstrat samt att området är täckt av en stor variation av både hög- och lågvuxna växtarter ger skydd, skugga och föda i form av pollen och nektar åt både mobila och icke mobila evertebrater.Sedumtaket var det tak med lägst biodiversitet och högst jämvikt. Sedumtakets kombination av ensidigt växtdiversitet och tunt jordsubstrat gör att mindre antal arter trivs på taket. De evertebrater som hittades bestod mestadels av mobila arter. Många av dessa arter är beroende av nektar och pollen som födointag, vilket det finns gott om på sedumtaket från försommaren och början av hösten när sedumarterna blommar.Ruderattaket skiljer sig något från de andra taken och områdena på markplan, landskapet är torrt och knappt vilket gör det svårt för många arter att överleva. Av de vegetativa taken har detta tak minst jämvikt och lägst biodiversitet, det var även det tak med minst antal arter.Resultaten av denna studie visar på att den takvegetation som hyser flest arter och individer samt har högst biodiversitet, är grästaket. Dock har andra arter hittats på sedum- och ruderattaken än på grästaket. De olika vegetativa taken kompletterar varandra alltså ur en biodiversitetssynvikel, eftersom de innehar en stor variation i artsammansättningen.En kombination av alla tre tak är därför den bästa lösningen för att få en så blandad biodiversitet som möjligt.