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Bibliografias temáticas / Valence

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Literatura científica selecionada sobre o tema "Valence"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 4 de junho de 2021

Última modificação: 9 de março de 2023

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Artigos de revistas sobre o assunto "Valence"

1

Bosi, Ferdinando. "Bond valence at mixed occupancy sites. I. Regular polyhedra". Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Science, Crystal Engineering and Materials 70, n.º 5 (1 de outubro de 2014): 864–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2052520614017855.

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Bond valence sum calculations at mixed occupancy sites show the occurrence of systematic errors leading to apparent violations of the Valence Sum Rule (bond valence theory) in regular and unstrained bonding environments. The systematic deviation of the bond valence from the expected value is observed in the long-range structure, and is discussed from geometric and algebraic viewpoints. In the valence–length diagram, such a deviation arises from discrepancies between the intersection points of the long-range bond valences and the theoretical bond valences with the valence–length curves of involved cations. Three factors cause systematic errors in the bond valences: difference in atomic valences, bond valence parametersRi(the length of a bond of unit valence) and bond valence parametersbi(the bond softness) between the involved cations over the same crystallographic site. One important consequence strictly related to the systematic errors is that they lead to erroneous bond strain values for mixed occupancy sites indicating underbonding or overbonding that actually does not exist.

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2

Худайбердиевна Мухамедова, Саодат, e Солихова Озода Сойибжоновна. "On medium valence in the uzbek language". SCIENTIFIC WORK 66, n.º 05 (20 de maio de 2021): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2663-4619/66/9-13.

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This work examines the types of valence in the Uzbek language. The verb - predicate, on the basis of its valence, at the request of communication, accepts its actants, realizing the semes that make up its semantics. An actant of a certain valency is considered a specific member of the sentence. Thus, valency is the intersection of grammar and vocabulary, syntax and semantics. It is for this reason that it is considered from two points of view, studied by dividing it into two types: semantic valence and syntactic valence. But in the Uzbek language there are other types of valence, for the Uzbek language, being an agglutinative language, like other Turkic languages, has a peculiar structure and semantics. Key words: valency, semantics, compatibility, actant, predicate, sentence model, semantic valency, syntactic valency, valency of the grammatical form of a word, mediated valence

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3

Fauzi, Mohd, Hermansyah Hermansyah, Juswandi Juswandi e T. M. Sum. "VALENSI VERBA BAHASA MELAYU DIALEK PULAU PADANG KABUPATEN KEPULAUAN MERANTI". Jurnal Ilmu Budaya 19, n.º 1 (5 de agosto de 2022): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.31849/jib.v19i1.10870.

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This study aimed to explain the valence of Malay verbs in the Akit dialect of Padang island, Regency of Kepulauan Meranti. The method used was qualitative descriptive. The data was collected using the equivalent method and the observation method. The data used were oral and collected using interviews, observation, and intuition methods. The data analysis was used to split, deletion, substitution, and expansion techniques. The results of the data analysis were explained using the informal method. The results showed that Malay people on this island used the Malay language daily. Accordingly, the valence of the verbs found in the conversations of the Malay people on the island of Padang was one valence of verbs, two valences of verbs, and three valences of verbs. Through the passivation process, the three kinds of valence of the verbs could be derived from two valences of verbs became one and from three valences of verbs became two. One-valence verbs were bound by only one argument. Verbs with two valences were bound by two arguments at once, while verbs with three valences were bound by three arguments, while the process of decreasing valence could be done by passivation.

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4

Brown, I. David. "On the valences of bonds in the oxycomplexes of Sn2+". Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Science 65, n.º 6 (27 de outubro de 2009): 684–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108768109034417.

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The differences between Wang and Liebau's [Wang & Liebau (2007). Acta Cryst. B63, 216–228] stoichiometric valence (atomic valence) and structural valence (bond-valence sum) observed in Sn2+ and other lone-pair cation oxycomplexes arises from their use of the Brese & O'Keeffe bond-valence parameters which are based on the assumption that the bond-valence parameter b = 0.37 Å applies to all bond types. According to the theory of the bond-valence model, the bond-valence sum is necessarily equal to the ionic charge, implying that in the Wang and Liebau model the ionic charges are equal to the structural valence. If charges are chosen equal to the stoichiometric valence, the bond-valence parameters for Sn2+—O bonds are R 0 = 1.859 Å, b = 0.55 Å. While both models are theoretically valid, only the standard model relates bond valences to the concept of atomic valence. Wang and Liebau's suggestion that cation–lone-pair bonds make a significant contribution to the valence sums is confirmed, but such bonds cannot account for the full difference between the stoichiometric and structural valences because they are present in only a few compounds.

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5

Febrer Romaguera, Manuel Vicent. "Las servidumbres prediales en el Derecho foral valenciano medieval". Anuario de Estudios Medievales 25, n.º 1 (2 de abril de 2020): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/aem.1995.v25.i1.923.

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Les Furs Valence furent le droit en vigueur à l'ancien règne de Valencie pendant l’époque apcellée “foral” (1238-1707). De toute cette legislation apellée “foral”, nous étudions ici dans nôtre article les servitudes agricoles comme une institution du droit agrarien qui réglait les relations entre fonds limitrophea à fin d'aider la protection del 'agriculture. La méthodologie employée dans nôtre étude consiste en l'analyse de la législation des Fun de Valence sur la matière des servitudes agricoles, tout completant cettes informations légals avec la documentation des archives, et la doctrine "classique" des commentateurs du droit romain (Baldo, Bartola ... ) et commentateurs des Furs de Valencia (Alabanya, Guillem Jáffer, Rabaces, Johan, Mascó, Bonifaci Ferrer, Belluga... ).

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6

Trzesowska, Agata, Rafal Kruszynski e Tadeusz J. Bartczak. "New lanthanide–nitrogen bond-valence parameters". Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Science 61, n.º 4 (19 de julho de 2005): 429–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108768105016083.

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The bond-valence parameters (R ij ), which connect bond valences and bond lengths, have been computed for lanthanide–nitrogen bonds. It has been found that values of bond-valence parameters decrease with increasing lanthanide atomic number in coordination compounds, and that they are smaller than the R ij parameters of inorganic compounds. As expected, the lanthanide–nitrogen bond-valence parameters are larger than lanthanide–oxygen bond-valence parameters. There are no obvious dependencies between the number of N atoms in the coordination sphere and the bond-valence parameter value.

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7

Ristić, Irena, e Miloš Milošević. "POVEZANOST KREATIVNE PRODUKCIJE I EMOCIONALNOG DOŽIVLJAJA: POSTAJEMO LI KREATIVNIJI POSMATRAJUĆI NOVE NEPRIJATNE SLIKE?" Primenjena psihologija 10, n.º 3 (18 de setembro de 2017): 335. http://dx.doi.org/10.19090/pp.2017.3.335-353.

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U istraživanju se ispituje stepen i vrsta povezanosti između kreativnosti odgovora, različitih dimenzija emocionalnog doživljaja (valence i pobuđenosti), bliskosti sadržaja i vremena reakcije. Eksperiment je izveden uz učešće 38 studenata Fakulteta dramskih umetnosti iz Beograda, a za vizuelnu stimulaciju korišćena je IAPS baza (International Affective Picture System) iz koje je izabrano deset fotografija tako da je vrednost valence i pobuđenosti sistematski varirana. Ispitanicima su najpre izlagane izabrane fotografije i od njih je traženo da ocene koliko im je blizak njihov sadržaj. Nakon toga je preklapanjem deset izabranih fotografija napravljeno 25 superponiranih vizuelnih stimulusa koji su izlagani u drugoj sesiji kada je od ispitanika traženo da smisle najbolji naslov za svaki od njih, uz merenje vremena reakcije. Mera kreativnosti odgovora dobijena je izračunavanjem koeficijenta kreativnosti koji je namenski konstruisan za potrebe istraživanja. Rezultati regresione analize su pokazali da su valenca i vreme reakcije statistički značajni i vrlo dobri prediktori kreativnosti odgovora. Veza valence i kreativnosti je negativna, a vremena i kreativnosti je pozitivna. Analizom glavnih komponenti koja je uključivala pet varijabli (valencu, pobuđenost, bliskost sadržaja, kreativnost odgovora i vreme reakcije) dobijena su tri faktora, koji objašnjavaju ukupno 94.51% varijanse, od toga je dva visoko zasićena kreativnošću. Rezultati proširuju uvide o odnosu emocionalnog doživljaja i kreativne produkcije sugerišuću da se varijablama valence i vremena može objasniti njihova povezanost kao i da one leže u osnovi dva procesa koji čine kreativno mišljenje.

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8

Levy, Rachel S., e Spencer D. Kelly. "Emotion matters". Gesture 19, n.º 1 (31 de dezembro de 2020): 41–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/gest.19029.lev.

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Abstract Recent theories and neural models of co-speech gesture have extensively considered its cognitive role in language comprehension but have ignored the emotional function. We investigated the integration of speech and co-speech gestures in memory for verbal information with different emotional connotations (either positive, negative, or neutral). In a surprise cued-recall task, gesture boosted memory for speech with all three emotional valences. Interestingly, gesture was more likely to become integrated into memory of neutrally and positively valenced speech than negatively valenced speech. The results suggest that gesture-speech integration is modulated by emotional valence of speech, which has implications for the emotional function of gesture in language comprehension.

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Young, Kymberly D., Kristine Erickson e Wayne C. Drevets. "Match between Cue and Memory Valence during Autobiographical Memory Recall in Depression". Psychological Reports 111, n.º 1 (agosto de 2012): 129–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/09.02.15.pr0.111.4.129-148.

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Major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with deficits in recalling specific autobiographical memories. The current study goal was to assess whether emotionally valenced cue words led to memories of similar emotional valence and whether this pattern differed between 12 unmedicated MDD and 14 healthy control participants. Both groups recalled autobiographical memories in response to positive, negative, and neutral cue words. Positive and neutral cues prompted recall of positive memories less often in the MDD group than in the controls. MDD participants recalled fewer specific and more categorical memories than controls; however, the proportion of specific memories didn't differ across memory valences. The MDD group had fewer specific memories in response to positive and neutral cues than the controls. These results suggest that the MDD participants may process positive stimuli differently than healthy controls and that their recall of specific autobiographical memories is impaired, regardless of the affective valence of those memories.

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Syrjänen, Elmeri, Håkan Fischer, Marco Tullio Liuzza, Torun Lindholm e Jonas K. Olofsson. "A Review of the Effects of Valenced Odors on Face Perception and Evaluation". i-Perception 12, n.º 2 (março de 2021): 204166952110095. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20416695211009552.

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How do valenced odors affect the perception and evaluation of facial expressions? We reviewed 25 studies published from 1989 to 2020 on cross-modal behavioral effects of odors on the perception of faces. The results indicate that odors may influence facial evaluations and classifications in several ways. Faces are rated as more arousing during simultaneous odor exposure, and the rated valence of faces is affected in the direction of the odor valence. For facial classification tasks, in general, valenced odors, whether pleasant or unpleasant, decrease facial emotion classification speed. The evidence for valence congruency effects was inconsistent. Some studies found that exposure to a valenced odor facilitates the processing of a similarly valenced facial expression. The results for facial evaluation were mirrored in classical conditioning studies, as faces conditioned with valenced odors were rated in the direction of the odor valence. However, the evidence of odor effects was inconsistent when the task was to classify faces. Furthermore, using a z-curve analysis, we found clear evidence for publication bias. Our recommendations for future research include greater consideration of individual differences in sensation and cognition, individual differences (e.g., differences in odor sensitivity related to age, gender, or culture), establishing standardized experimental assessments and stimuli, larger study samples, and embracing open research practices.

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Mais fontes

Teses / dissertações sobre o assunto "Valence"

1

Balsan, Alain. "Valence au grand siècle /". Valence : E & R, 2000. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb38805647c.

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2

Derr, Julien. "Valence, magnétisme et conduction dans les composés à valence intermédiaire : Le cas SmB6". Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00133598.

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Le composé SmB6 est un exemple typique de la physique étrange qui peut résulter d'un équilibre de valence. La première configuration du Samarium (Sm2+) correspond à un état isolant non magnétique alors que la seconde (Sm3+) donnerait théoriquement un état magnétique et conducteur. Des mesures de microcalorimétrie sous pression ont permis d'établir le diagramme de phase magnétique de SmB6 : une nouvelle phase magnétique ordonnée à longue distance a été mise en évidence pour des pressions supérieures à 10GPa. D'un autre coté, des mesures de transport réalisées sous pression hydrostatique permettent de situer la transition isolant-métal pour la même pression. Le diagramme de phase sous pression est désormais bien établi et l'observation pour la première fois d'une anomalie magnétique dans les courbes de résistivité au delà de 10GPa permet d'affirmer que la coïncidence des deux phénomènes a bien lieu. Ce changement de comportement du système est discuté dans un nouveau cadre théorique prenant en compte la température Kondo du réseau comme paramètre clef pour la renormalisation de la fonction d'onde vers l'une ou l'autre configuration de valence entière alors que la valence mesurée est toujours nettement intermédiaire. Cette idée générale semble par ailleurs s'appliquer à d'autres composés à valence intermédiaire étudiés (SmS, TmSe). En parallèle, des mesures de résistivité sous contraintes uniaxiales ont été réalisées. Elles mettent en évidence un fort effet d'anisotropie dans le composé SmB6. La comparaison de ces expériences avec les résultats obtenus dans des conditions de pression très hydrostatiques permettent de revisiter le problème de la nature du gap de SmB6.

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3

Davis, M. J. "Valence-Electron-Only Valence Bond calculations on the low lying states of Na-S". Thesis, University of Bristol, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.384414.

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4

Faraon, Montathar. "Valence asymmetry in impression formation". Thesis, Kristianstad University College, Department of Behavioural Sciences, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-4402.

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Are implicit attitudes as easily formed as explicit attitudes? Fifty-four participants carried out an experiment regarding the behaviors of a fictional protagonist. Attitudes were obtained by the Implicit Association Test (IAT) and by explicit evaluations. The results in the current study showed tendency towards a significant persistence effect for explicit attitudes and a positivity bias effect for implicit attitudes.

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5

Gonen, Ozgur. "Modeling planar 3-valence meshes". Texas A&M University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/85883.

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In architectural and sculptural practice, the eventual goal is constructing the shapes that have been designed. Due to fabrication considerations, shapes with planar faces are in demand for these practices. In this thesis, a novel computational modeling approach to design constructible shapes is introduced. This method guarantees that the resulting shapes are planar meshes with 3-valence vertices, which can always be physically constructed using planar or developable materials such as glass, sheet metal or plywood. The method introduced is inspired by the traditional sculpture and is based on the idea of carving a mesh by using slicing planes. The process of determining the slicing planes can either be interactive or automated. A framework is developed which allows user to sculpt shapes by using the in- teractive and automated processes. The framework allows user to cut a source mesh based on its edges, faces or vertices. The user can sculpt various kinds of developable surfaces by cutting the parallel edges of the mesh. The user can also introduce in- teresting conical patterns by cutting dierent vertex, edge, face combinations of the mesh.

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6

Brown, Neil John. "Novel organometallic mixed valence complexes". Thesis, Durham University, 2010. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/417/.

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Organometallic mixed valence complexes have been studied extensively over the past 30 years providing many synthetic and theoretical challenges. This thesis has sought to provide the field with a unique family of mixed valence complexes through which theories of electron transfer in weakly coupled systems can be tested. The metal fragment Mo(dppe)(η7-C7H7) is unique amongst its half-sandwich counterparts providing low formal oxidation states and a well resolved EPR signal and forms the basis of these studies. Before undertaking a study of the electronic structure of [{(Mo(dppe)(η7-C7H7)}2{μ- C≡CXC≡C}]n+ systems, and associated issues regarding mixed valence characteristics and carbon-chain mediated metal-metal interactions, mono-metallic molybdenum acetylide complexes that serve as model systems were studied in detail and their electronic structure fully rationalised. Thus, in Chapter two, a range of para substituted molybdenum aryl acetylides, Mo(C≡CC6H4X-4)(dppe)(η7-C7H7), featuring a range of electron-donating and -withdrawing substituents, are described. These compounds have been studied using a range of spectroscopic, crystallographic, electrochemical, spectroelectrochemical, and computational techniques establishing metal centred oxidation character. This is a consequence of cycloheptatrienyl ring destabilising the filled dz2 metal d-orbtial which then forms the HOMO. The poor symmetry match of this dz2 orbital and the alkynyl π-system effectively decouples the molybdenum fragment from the alkynyl substituent. As a precursor to the synthesis and understanding of bi-metallic complexes containing all-carbon bridging moieties, a series of mono-metallic compounds containing diynyl and triynyl ligands have been studied in Chapter three. The subsequent elucidation of the influence of the length of the carbon chain on the electronic structure has been studied using a combination of spectroelectrochemical and computational techniques. These studies reveal that the length of the carbon chain, and the identity of the supporting ligand, (bipyridine or dppe) increases the chain character of the frontier orbitals. Homo-bimetallic complexes containing a bis(ethynyl) substituted para-carborane bridging moiety were synthesised (Chapter four) together with the monometallic complex Mo(C≡CC2B10H11)(dppe)(η7-C7H7). The mono-metallic complex was first synthesised and studied to establish how the ethynyl carborane affects the electronic structure of the Mo(dppe)(η7-C7H7) centre and the nature of interaction between the molybdenum centre, the ethynyl fragment and the carborane cage. This preliminary work was followed by the synthesis of the bimetallic complex, [{Mo(dppe)(η7- C7H7)}2{μ-C≡C(C2B10H10)C≡C}]. Using a range of spectroscopic, spectroelectrochemical and computational techniques the electronic structure, and charge transfer process of [{Mo(dppe)(η7-C7H7)}2{μ-C≡C(C2B10H10)C≡C}]n+ (n = 0, 1 or 2) have been explored. The monocation [{Mo(dppe)(η7-C7H7)}2{μ- C≡C(C2B10H10)C≡C}]+ has shown to be a genuine example of a valence trapped, weakly coupled mixed valence complex allowing conventional descriptions of the intervalence transition to be compared with TD-DFT based interpretations. The literature surrounding the area of poly-carbon ligand chemistry indicates that the butadiyndiyl bridging moiety is an efficient conduit for electron transfer, due to its two orthogonal π-systems that span across the entirety of the ligand, leading to systems which are generally delocalised. An investigation of the mixed valence complex, [{Mo(dppe)(η7-C7H7)}2(μ-C≡CC≡C)]+ reveals a weakly coupled, localised mixed valence electronic structure, which is unique amongst its poly-carbon counterparts (Chapter five). Through using a range of spectroscopic timescales (EPR /IR /UV /vis) the rate of electron transfer has been estimated. To fully account for the number of transitions in the NIR region and the shape of the resulting absorption bands, it is necessary to employ a three state approximation (which explicity indicates the bridge state) when describing the electron transfer process. The complex [{Mo(dppe)(η7-C7H7)}2{μ-C≡C(C6H4)C≡C}]n+ has been studied using a range of spectroscopic, electrochemical and computational methods to establish the nature and rate of electron transfer of the mixed valence complex (Chapter six). It has been demonstrated that the 1,4-diethynylbenzene bridge mixes more efficiently with the Mo(dppe)(η7-C7H7) than the 1,3-butadiyndiyl bridge. Spectroscopic analysis revealed a moderately coupled, localised mixed valence complex, where the rate of electron transfer is much faster than the diynyl complex but not faster than the infrared spectroscopy timescale. The application of the three state model in the description of the charge transfer process allows the increased electron transfer rate to be explained through the increased mixing of the bridge with the Mo(dppe)(η7-C7H7) moiety, characterised by the lowering of the LMCT transition in comparison to carboranyl and diynyl containing complexes. Metal complexes containing the cyanoacetylide moiety, C≡CC≡N, have been known for several decades, but despite the obvious synthetic advantages of cyanoacetylide as a bridging moiety compared to a butadiyndiyl bridge, C≡CC≡C, the C≡CC≡N ligand has been largely ignored. Chapter seven summarises attempts made to provide a convenient route to complexes containing the cyanoacetylide moiety so that a greater variety bimetallic complexes can be synthesised, thus allowing the investigation of the charge transfer characteristics of [{LxM}(μ-C≡CC≡N){MLx}]n+ complexes. Reactions of cyanogen bromide with metal acetylide complexes yield novel mono- and di- bromovinylidenes rather than cyano containing complexes. The cyanation reagent of choice is 1-cyano-4-dimethylaminopyridinium tetrafluoroborate ([CAP]BF4) which allows the ready synthesis of mono- and di-cyanovinylidenes, as well as the synthesis of cyanoacetylide containing complexes. The cyanating agent [CAP]BF4 is able to cyanate a range of metal acetylides, thus expanding the number of potential bimetallic complexes. The hetero-bimetallic complex [{Fe(dppe)(η5-C5H5)}(μ- C≡CC≡N){Mo(dppe)(η7-C7H7)}]PF6 has been synthesised and studied using a range of techniques and has demonstrated that the cyanoacetylide bridge promotes a more delocalised electronic structure for dicationic complexes than is found for the other ethynyl based ligands described in this thesis.

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7

MINGUEZ, RUBIO RAMON. "L'affaire Dreyfus à Valence (Espagne)". Dijon, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989DIJOL001.

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La première partie est un rappel des données historiques, du contexte espagnol, elle insiste sur la spécificité de Valence (tradition républicaine, effervescence d'une presse diversifiée) qui est un terrain privilégié pour l'appropriation du modèle français. La deuxième partie est consacrée à l'analyse de la presse. Une fiche signalétique est consacrée à chacun des journaux dont la tendance idéologique est dégagée et mise en relation avec les groupes et les fractions politiques. Par ailleurs, la liste de tous les articles parus sur l'affaire Dreyfus est donnée par journal et par ordre chronologique. La dernière partie montre comment Valence se mobilise dans un climat passionnel, à propos de "l'affaire" et comment chaque journal est amené à définir sa conception de la société : ainsi s'opèrent des glissements et des regroupements. L'analyse des réactions face au problème juif, à l'église, à l'armée et à la république permet de cerner la question et de démontrer que se développent les pôles extrêmes, en suivant la dichotomie dreyfusards antidreyfusards, au détriment des positions modérées. L'affaire Dreyfus determine une recomposition du paysage politique valencien
The first part is a reminder of the historical facts, and of the Spanish context. It emphasizes the specificity of Valence, (the republican tradition, the effervescence of a diversified press) which is a privileged terrain for the appropriation of a French model. The second part is dedicated to an analysis of the press. Each of the newspapers is presented in turn, giving its ideological tendency in relation with political groups and factions. Likewise, the list of all the articles which appeared on the Dreyfus affair is classified by newspapers and in chronological order. The last part shows the passionate reaction of Valence to the Dreyfus affair and how each newspaper and political group was led to define its conception of society, thus operating shiftings and regroupings. An analysis of the various reactions to the Jewish problem, to the church, to the army and the republic leads to a closer interpretation of the problem. It is found that two extremes developed through the Dreyfus affair, defined by the dichotomy Dreyfusards anti-Dreyfusards, to the detriment of the moderates. Thus a new political landscape appeared in valence

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8

Macpherson, Brendan P. "Discrete cyano-bridged mixed valence systems /". [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2004. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe17778.pdf.

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9

Ghiti, Ali. "Valence band engineering in semiconductor lasers". Thesis, University of Surrey, 1990. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/842853/.

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This thesis is concerned with the improvement of semiconductor laser characteristics using valence band engineering. We first show that the combination of strain and quantum confinement can confer considerable advantages to long wavelength lasers. With sufficient built-in strain, the highest hole subband has a low effective mass and is well separated from the lower bands. The low effective mass reduces the carrier density needed for population inversion and leads to the virtual elimination of two important loss mechanisms: Auger recombination and intervalence band absorption. We propose a specific strained-layer 1.55mum structure that can reduce the threshold current density and its temperature dependence and increase the luminescent efficiency. The presence of strain can also lead to an enhancement of the relaxation oscillation frequency due to the higher differential gain when compared to lattice-matched structures. The linewidth enhancement factor is also predicted to be reduced. Such strained-layer lasers could be of major significance for long distance optical communication. However, the long term stability of these structures, although promising, has still to be fully assessed. In view of this, we suggest that (111) growth of unstrained structures could provide the light-hole cap to the valence band needed for laser operation. We find that the threshold current density in thin (111) lasers could be reduced while the polarisation selection of TE modes could be improved compared to equivalent (001) lasers. Finally, we consider the effects of crystal orientation and of strain on the exciton binding energy.

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10

Costi, T. A. "Electronic properties of intermediate valence compounds". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.355734.

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Livros sobre o assunto "Valence"

1

Valence. 2^a ed. [Paris]: Lonely planet, 2014.

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2

Mitchell, Linda E. Joan de Valence. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230392014.

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3

Valence českých substantiv. Praha: Lidové noviny, 2009.

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4

L, Cooper D., ed. Valence bond theory. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2002.

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5

Kopřivová, Marie. Valence českých adjektiv. Praha: NLN, Nakladatelství Lidové noviny, 2006.

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6

Flandreysy, Jeanne de. Histoire de Valence. La Bégude-de-Mazenc [France]: Curandera, 1985.

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7

Université de Caen. Centre de recherches inter-langues sur la signification en contexte., ed. Valence: Perspectives allemandes. Caen: Presses universitaires de Caen, 2003.

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8

Operstein, Natalie, e Aaron Huey Sonnenschein, eds. Valence Changes in Zapotec. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/tsl.110.

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9

Catalogne: Barcelone, Valence, Murcie. Paris: Hachette Tourisme, 2007.

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10

Soubigou, Gilles. Valence: Le groupe cathédral. Vénissieux]: La Passe du vent, 2018.

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Capítulos de livros sobre o assunto "Valence"

1

Robinson, William S. "Valence". In Epiphenomenal Mind, 156–75. 1 [edition]. | New York : Taylor & Francis, 2018. | Series: Routledge studies in contemporary philosophy ; 115: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429435348-9.

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2

Hall, George G. "Valence Crystals". In Molecular Solid State Physics, 56–75. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84461-4_4.

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3

Morgan, Michael M., MacDonald J. Christie, Thomas Steckler, Ben J. Harrison, Christos Pantelis, Christof Baltes, Thomas Mueggler et al. "Motivational Valence". In Encyclopedia of Psychopharmacology, 799. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68706-1_4380.

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4

Gooch, Jan W. "Valence Electrons". In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 787. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_12431.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Valence Shell". In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 787. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_12432.

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6

Weik, Martin H. "valence band". In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 1878. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_20637.

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7

Rosentsveig, Victor Yu. "La valence". In Language and Discourse, 95. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/llsee.19.10ros.

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8

Mitchell, Linda E. "Introduction Writing Medieval Women’s Biographies". In Joan de Valence, 1–7. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230392014_1.

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Mitchell, Linda E. "Growing Up as a Marshal, Marriage, and Motherhood (1230–58)". In Joan de Valence, 9–33. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230392014_2.

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Mitchell, Linda E. "War, Rebellion, and Recovery (1258–85)". In Joan de Valence, 35–67. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230392014_3.

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Trabalhos de conferências sobre o assunto "Valence"

1

Gerber, Bertram. "Learned valence in larval Drosophila". In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.94016.

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2

Mäntylä, Mika, Bram Adams, Giuseppe Destefanis, Daniel Graziotin e Marco Ortu. "Mining valence, arousal, and dominance". In ICSE '16: 38th International Conference on Software Engineering. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2901739.2901752.

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COURTOY, Aurore, Alessandro Bacchetta e Marco Radici. "Valence transversities: the collinear extraction." In XXI International Workshop on Deep-Inelastic Scattering and Related Subjects. Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.191.0235.

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4

Preradovic, Nives Mikelic, Damir Boras e Sanja Kisicek. "CROVALLEX: Croatian verb valence lexicon". In Proceedings of the ITI 2009 31st International Conference on Information Technology Interfaces (ITI). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iti.2009.5196142.

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5

Jones, Christian Martyn, e Tommy Troen. "Biometric valence and arousal recognition". In the 2007 conference of the computer-human interaction special interest group (CHISIG) of Australia. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1324892.1324929.

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Korzenev, Alexandre. "Valence Quarks Polarization from COMPASS". In 15th International Workshop on Deep-Inelastic Scattering and Related Subjects. Amsterdam: Science Wise Publishing, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3360/dis.2007.88.

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Kutak, Krzysztof, Michal Deak e Hannes Jung. "Valence quarks and kt factorisation". In Proceedings of the XVI International Workshop on Deep-Inelastic Scattering and Related Topics. Amsterdam: Science Wise Publishing, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3360/dis.2008.168.

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Demir, Seniz. "Generating Valence Shifted Turkish Sentences". In Proceedings of the 8th International Natural Language Generation Conference (INLG). Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3115/v1/w14-4420.

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Cieplicka-Oryńczak, N., B. Fornal, S. Leoni, D. Bazzacco, A. Blanc, G. Bocchi, S. Bottoni et al. "Excitations of one-valence-proton, one-valence-neutron nucleus 210Bi from cold-neutron capture". In Nuclear Structure and Dynamics ’15. AIP Publishing LLC, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4932297.

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Dumas, Jean-Guillaume, B. David Saunders e Gilles Villard. "Integer Smith form via the valence". In the 2000 international symposium. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/345542.345590.

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Relatórios de organizações sobre o assunto "Valence"

1

Kawai, Kei, e Takeaki Sunada. Estimating Candidate Valence. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, janeiro de 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w29681.

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2

Owen, Jonathan Scharle. Measuring the Valence of Nanocrystal Surfaces. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), novembro de 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1333872.

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3

KYSER, EDWARD. Neptunium Valence Chemistry in Anion Exchange Processing. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), fevereiro de 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/890227.

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4

Jon M Lawrence. Inelastic neutron scattering in valence fluctuation compounds. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), fevereiro de 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1005014.

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5

Liu, K. F. Reply to Isgur's comments on valence QCD. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), janeiro de 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/753266.

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6

Tatar, Robert C., e Richard P. Messmer. Valence Bond Cluster Studies of Alkali Metal/Semiconductor Bonding. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, dezembro de 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada184276.

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7

Hsu, L., R. S. Williams e D. Outka. Valence-Band and Core-Level Photoemission Satellites in NiGa. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, julho de 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada199105.

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Marino, M. M. Relativistic pseudopotentional incorporating core/valence polarization and nonlocal effects. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), abril de 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/779803.

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9

Tao, Meng. CVD-Based Valence-Mending Passivation for Crystalline-Si Solar Cells. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), março de 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1171391.

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Jimenez, I., L. J. Terminello e D. G. J. Sutherland. Band width and multiple-angle valence-state mapping of diamond. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), abril de 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/603559.

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