Literatura científica selecionada sobre o tema "Vite generalen"
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Artigos de revistas sobre o assunto "Vite generalen":
1
Ruggeri, Mirella, Nazario Santolini, Marco Stegagno, Giuseppe Imperadore e Rosa Bruna Dall'Agnola. "Tipi di qualità della vita". Epidemiologia e psichiatria sociale. Monograph Supplement 8, S5 (março de 1999): 10–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1827433100000320.
Resumo:
Nella letteratura scientifica il tema della qualità della vita è affrontato secondo 3 prospettive fondamentali: la qualità della vita generale (general quality of life), la qualità della vita legata alla salute (health-related quality of life) e la qualità della vita legata alia malattia (disease-specific quality of life).Secondo Lehman (1995), la general quality of life è costituita da 3 dimensioni: il livello di funzionamento globale (ciò che una persona è in grado di fare), le risorse disponibili per il raggiungimento dei propri obiettivi (ciò che una persona possiede), il senso di benessere e di soddisfazione. Queste dimensioni includono a loro volta numerose aree di vita, ad esempio la famiglia e le relazioni sociali, il lavoro, la situazione finanziaria, la situazione abitativa. Questa prospettiva “allargata” è quella che più direttamente deriva dagli studi sulla qualità della vita nella popolazione generale, dove sono state prese in considerazione anche dimensioni ed aree di vita che non sono oggetto diretto dell'intervento dei servizi sanitari.
2
Ruggeri, Mirella, Nazario Santolini, Marco Stegagno, Giuseppe Imperadore e Rosa Bruna Dall'Agnola. "La qualità della vita come indicatore di esito". Epidemiologia e psichiatria sociale. Monograph Supplement 8, S5 (março de 1999): 5–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1827433100000307.
Resumo:
L'importanza della qualità della vita come parametro di valutazione dei servizi psichiatrici è ormai riconosciuta da una vasta letteratura (Lehman, 1995; Oliver et al., 1996; Barry & Zissi, 1997; Katschnig et al., 1997; de Girolamo et al., 1999). Ciò nonostante non vi è ancora completo accordo sulla sua definizione e misurazione, al punto che da parte di pressoché tutti i ricercatori che si sono cimentati nello studio della qualità della vita vengono rilevate non indifferenti difficoltà metodologiche. Si riscontra tuttavia un generale accordo su alcuni punti fondamentali, con un crescente riconoscimento della soggettività della qualità della vita. Il concetto di qualità della vita si è modificato, infatti, nel corso degli anni da una prospettiva puramente sociologica ed oggettiva di standard di vita ad una prospettiva psicosociale, nella quale è attribuita altrettanta importanza all'aspetto soggettivo di benessere e soddisfazione personale.
3
Rognoni, Virginio. "L'Associazione nazionale magistrati ha cent'anni". QUESTIONE GIUSTIZIA, n.º 4 (setembro de 2009): 115–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/qg2009-004009.
Resumo:
- La storia della Associazione nazionale magistrati č profondamente intrecciata con quella piů generale del Paese. Anche ora, in questo momento difficile nel quale il consapevole ancoraggio alla Costituzione rappresenta la cifra per l'interpretazione della sua vita, delle ragioni delle sue battaglie e del suo dibattito.
4
Rucci, Paola, Alessandro Rossi, Mauro Mauri, Giuseppe Maina, Fulvio Pieraccini, Stefano Pallant, Valeria Camilleri, Maria Sole Montagnani e Jean Endicott. "Validity and reliability of the Quality of Life, Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire, Short Form". Epidemiologia e Psichiatria Sociale 16, n.º 1 (março de 2007): 82–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1121189x00004656.
Resumo:
Nell'ultimo decennio la qualita della vita ha acquisito una sempre maggiore rilevanza come misura di esito sociale e clinico (Katschnig, 1997) dei disturbi mentali. Vi e un ampio consenso sul fatto che il costrutto della qualita della vita è multidimensionale e comprende la percezione che il paziente ha delle relazioni sociali, della propria salute fisica, della capacità di svolgere le attivita quotidiane domestiche e lavorative e del proprio benessere in generale (Patrick & Erickson, 1988). Mentre le misure di funzionamento si propongono di quantificare la compromissione in modo oggettivo, le misure della qualita della vita valutano la capacita del soggetto di trarre soddisfazione e piacere da varie attivita e richiedono una valutazione soggettiva. La definizione di qualita della vita del Quality of Life Group dell'Organizzazione
5
Lattanzi, Pamela. "I distretti Ogm free: un'opportunitĂ di differenziazione del territorio". AGRICOLTURA ISTITUZIONI MERCATI, n.º 1 (dezembro de 2010): 55–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/aim2009-001005.
Resumo:
Gli orientamenti comunitari sulla coesistenza consentono agli operatori - sulla base di accordi volontari - di dare vita ad aree geografiche senza coltivazioni geneticamente modificate o, più in generale, a filiere non transgeniche. à questo il punto di partenza dell'idea dei distretti, la cui realizzazione, consentendo di introdurre (e conservare) nel panorama regionale una realtà costruita su regole diverse - e legittime - da quelle che vigono in generale per il comparto agroalimen- tare, permette di conseguire diversi risultati, tra cui quello di far acquisire un valore aggiunto alla "produzione" ottenuta nell'ambito di tali distretti. La diversità territoriale, così costruita, necessita, per avere successo, di essere realizzata attraverso idonee politiche programmate e condivise da soggetti pubblici istituzionalmente competenti in materia.
6
Hofmann, Bjørn. "Trenger donorbarn å vite?" Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening 133, n.º 12/13 (2013): 1292. http://dx.doi.org/10.4045/tidsskr.13.0638.
7
Castelbarco, Antonella. "Bauman e Baricco: uno sguardo comune sulla vita liquida". GRUPPI, n.º 3 (maio de 2010): 147–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/gru2009-003009.
Resumo:
L'articolo prende spunto dalla considerazione dei rapidi mutamenti della societŕ attuale intesi come fattori che influiscono nel contesto clinico della terapia di coppia. La tesi di Bauman circa la societŕ "liquida" e le sue dinamiche relazionali viene messa a confronto con l'idea di Baricco espressa nel libro I Barbari circa la genesi di modalitŕ nuove di vivere l'esperienza. L'articolo si sofferma su alcuni concetti come: «rete di sistemi passanti e fluiditŕ», che ben si adattano alla descrizione degli aspetti fondanti le relazioni affettive che Bauman evidenzia come caratteristiche di rapporti che assomigliano di piů a "connessioni" intese come legami condensati e superficiali per proteggere dal rischio di coinvolgimenti affettivi avvertiti come obblighi. Il cambiamento riguarderebbe aspetti importanti della vita e delle relazioni interpersonali come ad esempio: la superficie al posto della profonditŕ, le sequenze e la velocitŕ al posto della riflessione. In generale la descrizione della societŕ "barbara" e della societŕ "liquida" si fonda sulla tesi di una mutazione profonda del concetto di "esperienza" e di una nuova dislocazione del concetto di «senso nel tessuto dell'esperienza».
8
Smorti, Martina, e Silvia Guarnieri. "Le relazioni fraterne durante la vita adulta". RICERCHE DI PSICOLOGIA, n.º 1 (maio de 2012): 39–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/rip2011-001003.
Resumo:
Le relazioni fraterne costituiscono un punto di riferimento centrale per la vita affettiva dell'individuo durante l'intero arco di vita in quanto promuovono la sua competenza cognitiva, affettiva e sociale e contribuiscono fortemente al suo generale benessere psicologico. Nonostante la rilevanza di tali relazioni, risultano ancora scarsi gli studi sulla qualità che connota questi legami durante la vita adulta. La presente ricerca intende quindi indagare la qualità delle relazioni fraterne durante la vita adulta ed esaminare il ruolo che tali relazioni hanno nella promozione della globale qualità di vita dell'individuo. Partecipanti. 288 soggetti (124 maschi e 164 femmine), divisi in due diverse fasce d'età: 148 giovani adulti d'età compresa tra i 20 e i 35 anni e 140 adulti di età compresa tra i 40 e i 55 anni. Strumenti. Per misurare gli aspetti qualitativi che connotano la relazione fraterna è stata utilizzata la versione italiana (Tani, Guarnieri, Ingoglia, submitted) dell'Adult Sibling Relationship Questionnaire - ASRQ (Stocker, Lanthier, Furman, 1997). Per rilevare la qualità di vita è stato utilizzato il cluster Qualità di Vita del Psychological Treatment Inventory - PTI (Gori, Giannini, Schulberg, 2008). I risultati hanno evidenziato come durante la vita adulta, in relazione al raggiungimento di una maggiore maturità, si attenuino alcuni aspetti del legame fraterno legati alla conflittualità e alla rivalità e, parallelamente, acquistino maggiore rilevanza gli aspetti legati all'affettività. La qualità della relazione fraterna risulta inoltre essere un significativo predittore della qualità di vita anche durante l'età adulta.
9
Beccattini, Cinzia. "Nascere come psicoterapeuta nel confine tra la vita e la morte". RUOLO TERAPEUTICO (IL), n.º 116 (fevereiro de 2011): 35–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/rt2011-116005.
Resumo:
Le cure palliative, ponendo al centro del proprio interesse la persona nella sua totalitŕ e accettando di parlare di morte, rappresentano, oggi, per la medicina moderna e per la cultura contemporanea in generale, una provocazione ma anche un'occasione di crescita. In questo mondo tutti i curanti, al di lŕ del loro ruolo professionale, sono chiamati a confrontarsi con il senso di precarietŕ, la complessitŕ dell'esperienza del dolore e della separazione. Lo psicologo, in particolare, avverte che i concetti tradizionali di, domanda, ruolo entrano in una tensione tale da far dubitare che l'intervento psicologico possa essere denominato terapia. Nel presente articolo si racconta, attraverso l'esperienza concreta di una psicoterapeuta in formazione, la nascita e lo sviluppo del lavoro psicologico in une ci si interroga sulla possibilitŕ di definire terapia tale intervento. Si ipotizza che proprio sulla natura etica della relazione con la persona malata, si fondi il valore terapeutico dell'intervento.
10
Zhen, Hong, Hongbo Hu, Guojie Rong, Xiuxiu Huang, Chang Tan e Xinyuan Yu. "VitA or VitD ameliorates bronchopulmonary dysplasia by regulating the balance between M1 and M2 macrophages". Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy 141 (setembro de 2021): 111836. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111836.
Teses / dissertações sobre o assunto "Vite generalen":
1
Andréasson, Pascal. "Den vite generalen : Baptistpastorn Albert Wickmans kamp för fred". Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för idé- och samhällsstudier, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-184986.
Resumo:
This thesis set out to analyse early baptistic peace-activities in Sweden in the 1900s, through a micro-historical analysis of Albert Wickman (1884-1942) who was a Swedish Baptist pastor and peace-agitator. In nonconformist-churches we find the earliest pacifists and Wickman started out as a theological trained Baptist, but he founded an independent organisation with ideas based on teachings by Leo Tolstoy. His Anti-war organisation was organised much like the Salvation Army and had as key-concept to gather members who claimed they would not kill another human being. Another idea was to create an army of volunteers who would be willing to put themselves between fighting nations. The organisation had many thousands member but existed only between 1912-1918 and it never practiced it go-in-between ideas. In the 1920s Wickman was involved with the oldest Swedish peace-society, “Svenska Freds och Skiljedomsföreningen”, and raised their membership from 4 000 in 1922 to 49 000 in 1930, but he also led this organisation to almost bankruptcy. This thesis gives an account of who Albert Wickman was and through him offers contexts and world-views on his pacifistic thinking in the first decades of the 1900s and how peace was promoted at the time in Sweden.
2
Ferri, Maura <1979>. "Effetti del chitosano su composti polifenolici in colture cellulari di vite: aspetti molecolari e metabolici". Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2008. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/678/.
Resumo:
Polyphenols, including flavonoids and stilbenes, are an essential part of human diet and constitute
one of the most abundant and ubiquitous group of plant secondary metabolites. The level of these
compounds is inducible by stress or fungal attack, so attempts are being made to identify likely
biotic and abiotic elicitors and to better understand the underlying mechanism.
Resveratrol (3,5,4’-trihydroxystilbene), which belongs to the stilbene family, is a naturally
occurring polyphenol, found in several fruits, vegetables and beverages including red wine. It is one
of the most important plant polyphenols with proved benefic activity on animal health. In the last
two decades, the potential protective effects of resveratrol against cardiovascular and
neurodegenerative diseases, as well as the chemopreventive properties against cancer, have been
largely investigated. The most important source of polyphenols and in particular resveratrol for
human diet is grape (Vitis vinifera).
Since stilbenes and flavonoids play a very important role in plant defence responses and
enviromental interactions, and their effects on human health seem promising, the aim of the
research of this Thesis was to study at different levels the activation and the regulation of their
biosynthetic pathways after chitosan treatment. Moreover, the polyphenol production in grape cells
and the optimisation of cultural conditions bioreactor scale-up, were also investigated.
Cell suspensions were obtained from cv. Barbera (Vitis vinifera L.) petioles and were treated with a
biotic elicitor, chitosan (50 μg/mL, dissolved in acetic acid) to promote phenylpropanoid
metabolism. Chitosan is a D-glucosamine polymer from fungi cell wall and therefore mimes fungal
pathogen attack.
Liquid cultures have been monitored for 15 days, measuring cell number, cell viability, pH and
grams of fresh weight. The endogenous and released amounts of 7 stilbenes (trans and cis isomers
of resveratrol, piceid and resveratroloside, and piceatannol), gallic acid, 6 hydroxycinnamic acids
(trans-cinnamic, p-coumaric, caffeic, ferulic, sinapic and chlorogenic acids), 5 catechines (catechin,
epicatechin, epigallocatechin-gallate (EGCG), epigallocatechin and epicatechin-gallate) and other 5
flavonoids (chalcon, naringenin, kaempferol, quercetin and rutin) in cells and cultural medium,
were measured by HPLC-DAD analysis and total anthocyanins were quantified by
spectrophotometric analysis.
Chitosan was effective in stimulating trans-resveratrol endogenous accumulation with a sharp peak
at day 4 (exceeding acetic acid and water controls by 36% and 63%, respectively), while it did not influence the production of the cis-isomer. Compared to both water and acetic acid controls,
chitosan decreased the release of both trans- and cis-resveratrol respect to controls.
No effect was shown on the accumulation of single resveratrol mono-glucoside isomers, but
considering their total amount, normalized for the relative water control, it was possible to evidence
an increase in both accumulation and release of those compounds, in chitosan-treated cells,
throughout the culture period and particularly during the second week.
Many of the analysed flavonoids and hydroxycinnamic acids were not present or detectable in trace
amounts. Catechin, epicatechin and epigallocatechin-gallate (EGCG) were detectable both inside
the cells and in the culture media, but chitosan did not affect their amounts. On the contrary, total
anthocyanins have been stimulated by chitosan and their level, from day 4 to 14, was about 2-fold
higher than in both controls, confirming macroscopic observations that treated suspensions showed
an intense brown-red color, from day 3 onwards.
These elicitation results suggest that chitosan selectively up-regulates specific biosynthetic
pathways, without modifying the general accumulation pattern of other flavonoids.
Proteins have been extracted from cells at day 4 of culture (corresponding to the production peak of
trans-resveratrol) and separated by bidimensional electrophoresis. The 73 proteins that showed a
consistently changed amount between untreated, chitosan and acetic acid (chitosan solvent) treated
cells, have been identified by mass spectrometry. Chitosan induced an increase in stilbene synthase
(STS, the resveratrol biosynthetic enzyme), chalcone-flavanone isomerase (CHI, that switches the
pathway from chalcones to flavones and anthocyanins), pathogenesis-related proteins 10 (PRs10, a
large family of defence proteins), and a decrease in many proteins belonging to primary
metabolisms. A train of six distinct spots of STS encoded by the same gene and increased by
chitosan, was detected on the 2-D gels, and related to the different phosphorylation degree of STS
spots.
Northern blot analyses have been performed on RNA extracted from cells treated with chitosan and
relative controls, using probes for STS, PAL (phenylalanine ammonia lyase, the first enzyme of the
biosynthetic pathway), CHS (chalcone synthase, that shares with STS the same precursors), CHI
and PR-10. The up-regulation of PAL, CHS and CHI transcript expression levels correlated with the
accumulation of anthocyanins. The strong increase of different molecular weight PR-10 mRNAs,
correlated with the 11 PR-10 protein spots identified in proteomic analyses.
The sudden decrease in trans-resveratrol endogenous accumulation after day 4 of culture, could be
simply explained by the diminished resveratrol biosynthetic activity due to the lower amount of
biosynthetic enzymes. This might be indirectly demonstrated by northern blot expression analyses,
that showed lower levels of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) and stilbene synthase (STS) mRNAs starting from day 4. Other possible explanations could be a resveratrol oxidation process
and/or the formation of other different mono-, di-glucosides and resveratrol oligomers such as
viniferins.
Immunolocalisation experiments performed on grape protoplasts and the subsequent analyses by
confocal microscope, showed that STS, and therefore the resveratrol synthetic site, is mostly
associated to intracellular membranes close to the cytosolic side of plasma membrane and in a
smaller amount is localized in the cytosol. STS seemed not to be present inside vacuole and
nucleus. There were no differences in the STS intracellular localisation between the different
treatments. Since it was shown that stilbenes are largely released in the culture medium and that
STS is a soluble protein, a possible interaction of STS with a plasma membrane transporter
responsible for the extrusion of stilbenes in the culture medium, might be hypothesized. Proteomic
analyses performed on subcellular fractions identified in the microsomial fraction 5 proteins taking
part in channel complexes or associated with channels, that significantly changed their amount after
chitosan treatment. In soluble and membrane fractions respectively 3 and 4 STS and 6 and 3 PR-10
have been identified. Proteomic results obtained from subcellular fractions substantially confirmed
previous result obtained from total cell protein extracts and added more information about protein
localisation and co-localisation.
The interesting results obtained on Barbera cell cultures with the aim to increase polyphenol
(especially stilbenes) production, have encouraged scale up tests in 1 litre bioreactors. The first trial
fermentation was performed in parallel with a normal time-course in 20 mL flasks, showing that the
scale-up (bigger volume and different conditions) process influenced in a very relevant way
stilbenes production.
In order to optimise culture parameters such as medium sucrose amount, fermentation length and
inoculum cell concentration, few other fermentations were performed. Chitosan treatments were
also performed. The modification of each parameter brought relevant variations in stilbenes and
catechins levels, so that the production of a certain compound (or class of compounds) could be
hypothetically promoted by modulating one or more culture parameters. For example the catechin
yield could be improved by increasing sucrose content and the time of fermentation.
The best results in stilbene yield were obtained in a 800 mL fermentation inoculated with 10.8
grams of cells and supplemented with chitosan. The culture was fed with MS medium added with
30 g/L sucrose, 25 μg/mL rifampicin and 50 μg/mL of chitosan, and was maintained at 24°C, stirred
by marine impeller at 100 rpm and supplied of air at 0.16 L/min rate. Resveratroloside was the
stilbene present in the larger amount, 3-5 times more than resveratrol. Because resveratrol
glucosides are similarly active and more stable than free resveratrol, their production using a bioreactor could be a great advantage in an hypothetical industrial process. In my bioreactor tests,
stilbenes were mainly released in the culture medium (60-80% of the total) and this fact could be
another advantage for industrial applications, because it allows recovering the products directly
from the culture medium without stopping the fermentation and/or killing the cells. In my best
cultural conditions, it was possible to obtain 3.95 mg/L of stilbenes at day 4 (maximum resveratrol
accumulation) and 5.13 mg/L at day 14 (maximum resveratroloside production).
In conclusion, chitosan effect in inducing Vitis vinifera defense mechanisms can be related to its
ability to increase the intracellular content of a large spectrum of antioxidants, and in particular of
resveratrol, its derivates and anthocyanins. Its effect can be observed at transcriptional, proteomic
(variation of soluble and membrane protein amounts) and metabolic (polyphenols production) level.
The chitosan ability to elicit specific plant matabolisms can be useful to produce large quantities of
antioxidant compounds from cell culture in bioreactor.
3
TRUNO, VIDAL BERNADETTE. "Ludovic masse : une vie, une oeuvre". Toulouse 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOU20083.
4
Ragni, Luca <1968>. "Le cardiomiopatie nell'infanzia: quadri eziologici ed evolutivi nei primi anni di vita". Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2008. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/971/.
Resumo:
Premessa: nell’aprile 2006, l’American Heart Association ha approvato la nuova
definizione e classificazione delle cardiomiopatie (B. J. Maron e coll. 2006),
riconoscendole come un eterogeneo gruppo di malattie associate a disfunzione
meccanica e/o elettrica riconducibili ad un ampia variabilità di cause. La
distinzione tra le varie forme si basa non più sui processi etiopatogenetici che ne
sono alla base, ma sulla modalità di presentazione clinica della malattia. Si
distinguono così le forme primarie, a prevalente od esclusivo interessamento
cardiaco, dalle forme secondarie in cui la cardiomiopatia rientra nell’ambito di un
disordine sistemico dove sono evidenziabili anche disturbi extracardiaci. La nostra
attenzione è, nel presente studio, focalizzata sull’analisi delle cardiomiopatie
diagnosticate nei primi anni di vita in cui si registra una più alta incidenza di
forme secondarie rispetto all’adulto, riservando un particolare riguardo verso
quelle forme associate a disordini metabolici. Nello specifico, il nostro obiettivo è
quello di sottolineare l’influenza di una diagnosi precoce sull’evoluzione della
malattia.
Materiali e metodi: abbiamo eseguito uno studio descrittivo in base ad un’analisi
retrospettiva di tutti i pazienti giunti all’osservazione del Centro di Cardiologia e
Cardiochirurgia Pediatrica e dell’ Età Evolutiva del Policlinico S. Orsola-
Malpighi di Bologna, dal 1990 al 2006, con diagnosi di cardiomiopatia riscontrata
nei primi due anni di vita. Complessivamente sono stati studiati 40 pazienti di cui
20 con cardiomiopatia ipertrofica, 18 con cardiomiopatia dilatativa e 2 con
cardiomiopatia restrittiva con un’età media alla diagnosi di 4,5 mesi (range:0-24
mesi). Per i pazienti descritti a partire dal 2002, 23 in totale, sono state eseguite le
seguenti indagini metaboliche: emogasanalisi, dosaggio della carnitina,
metabolismo degli acidi grassi liberi (pre e post pasto), aminoacidemia
quantitativa (pre e post pasto), acidi organici, mucopolisaccaridi ed oligosaccaridi
urinari, acilcarnitine. Gli stessi pazienti sono stati inoltre sottoposti a prelievo
bioptico di muscolo scheletrico per l’analisi ultrastrutturale, e per l’analisi
dell’attività enzimatica della catena respiratoria mitocondriale. Nella stessa seduta
veniva effettuata la biopsia cutanea per l’eventuale valutazione di deficit
enzimatici nei fibroblasti.
Risultati: l’età media alla diagnosi era di 132 giorni (range: 0-540 giorni) per le
cardiomiopatie ipertrofiche, 90 giorni per le dilatative (range: 0-210 giorni)
mentre le 2 bambine con cardiomiopatia restrittiva avevano 18 e 24 mesi al
momento della diagnosi. Le indagini metaboliche eseguite sui 23 pazienti ci
hanno permesso di individuare 5 bambini con malattia metabolica (di cui 2 deficit
severi della catena respiratoria mitocondriale, 1 con insufficienza della β-
ossidazione per alterazione delle acilcarnitine , 1 con sindrome di Barth e 1 con
malattia di Pompe) e un caso di cardiomiopatia dilatativa associata a rachitismo
carenziale. Di questi, 4 sono deceduti e uno è stato perduto al follow-up mentre la
forma associata a rachitismo ha mostrato un netto miglioramento della
funzionalità cardiaca dopo appropriata terapia con vitamina D e calcio. In tutti la
malattia era stata diagnosticata entro l’anno di vita. Ciò concorda con gli studi
documentati in letteratura che associano le malattie metaboliche ad un esordio
precoce e ad una prognosi infausta.
Da un punto di vista morfologico, un’evoluzione severa si associava alla forma
dilatativa, ed in particolare a quella con aspetto non compaction del ventricolo
sinistro, rispetto alla ipertrofica e, tra le ipertrofiche, alle forme con ostruzione
all’efflusso ventricolare.
Conclusioni: in accordo con quanto riscontrato in letteratura, abbiamo visto come
le cardiomiopatie associate a forme secondarie, ed in particolare a disordini
metabolici, sono di più frequente riscontro nella prima infanzia rispetto alle età
successive e, per questo, l’esordio molto precoce di una cardiomiopatia deve
essere sempre sospettata come l’espressione di una malattia sistemica. Abbiamo
osservato, inoltre, una stretta correlazione tra l’età del bambino alla diagnosi e
l’evoluzione della cardiomiopatia, registrando un peggioramento della prognosi in
funzione della precocità della manifestazione clinica. In particolare la diagnosi
eseguita in epoca prenatale si associava, nella maggior parte dei casi, ad
un’evoluzione severa, comportandosi come una variabile indipendente da altri
fattori prognostici. Riteniamo, quindi, opportuno sottoporre tutti i bambini con
diagnosi di cardiomiopatia effettuata nei primi anni di vita ad uno screening
metabolico completo volto ad individuare quelle forme per le quali sia possibile
intraprendere una terapia specifica o, al contrario, escludere disordini che possano
controindicare, o meno, l’esecuzione di un trapianto cardiaco qualora se ne
presenti la necessità clinica.
5
Hodgetts, Matthew. "It's the vibe: G.A. Cohen, global justice and the global ethos". Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=97262.
Resumo:
This thesis examines the possibility of a global ethos of justice. Using the work of G. A. Cohen, it argues not only that a global ethos is possible, but that it is also feasible and attractive. To do so, it establishes a set of conditions that allow an ethos to function and then locates these conditions in the global realm. It analyzes John Rawls's Law of Peoples, an influential theory of global justice, and argues that it requires an ethos to be implementable. In doing so, it analyzes the nature of the Law of Peoples in light of Cohen's thought. It concludes with speculation about what a Cohen-inspired global ethos might look like. The thesis is supported throughout by relevant texts from the global justice literature. This thesis argues positively for the possibility of there being an ethos above the previously held boundary of a society. It further challenges any notion that Cohen's thought is meaningful only at the domestic level of theorizing. A global ethos is a meaningful concept that would greatly aid in the implementation and uptake of international agreements on justice. Cultivation of a global ethos would result in a more just global society.Cette mémoire examine la possibilité d'une éthique mondiale de la justice. Se basant sur les travaux de G.A. Cohen, on avance qu'une éthique mondiale n'est pas seulement possible, mais réalisable et attirant. D'abord on établit les conditions qui permettent le déroulement d'un tel ethos et ensuite cherche ces mêmes conditions dans le domaine global. Cette mémoire analyse 'La Loi des peuples' de John Rawls, une théorie influente de la justice mondiale et propose que ce texte a besoin d'une éthique pour être réalisable. En faisant cela, on analyse la nature de 'La Loi des peuples' à la lumière de la pensée de Cohen. On termine avec des suppositions sur quelle forme qu'un ethos inspiré par Cohen peut prendre. La thèse s'appuie sur une analyse documentaire des textes pertinents de la justice mondiale. Cette thèse soutient la possibilité de l'existence d'une éthique au-dessus des limites déjà établies par une société. En plus, elle conteste l'idée que la pensée de Cohen ne s'applique qu'à l'échelle du pays. L'éthique mondiale est un concept utile qui appuierait à la réalisation des accords internationaux portant sur la justice. Le développement d'une éthique mondiale mènerait donc à une société globale plus juste.
6
Bergeron, Marie. "La qualité de vie au travail et sa terminologie". Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/5546.
7
Oliveira, Bruno Pegorari. "O general judeu e o cidadão romano: o discurso de construção de Flávio Josefo em Vita (Século I d.C.)". Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/6199.
Resumo:
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Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq
This master’s degree dissertation intends to analyze and discuss the Flavius Josephus’s construction speech (37-100 a.C.) by his work Vita. Throughout this study, we will present the historical context of Palestine, focusing in the Roman domination, development of Herods’s government, and the successive foreign achievements in the first century a.C., we will observe some questions related to Josephus’s origin and rise, as well his participation during the war between jews and romans (66-70 a.C.). Lastly, we will analyze the Jewish historian’s speech in Vita, observing his positioning throughout the work. This study is based on bibliographic research (historiography) concerning on the subject, as well the document analysis (sources) produced by this historian at the end of the first century of Christian era.
A presente dissertação de Mestrado pretende analisar e discutir o discurso de construção de Flávio Josefo (37-100 d.C.) por meio de sua obra Vita. Ao longo do trabalho, apresentaremos o contexto histórico da Palestina, enfocando a dominação romana, o desenvolvimento do governo de Herodes, o Grande e as sucessivas conquistas estrangeiras no século I d.C., observaremos questões relacionadas a origem e ascensão de Josefo, como também sua participação durante a guerra entre judeus e romanos (66-70 d.C.). Por fim, analisaremos o discurso do historiador judeu em Vita, observando seu posicionamento ao longo da obra. O estudo fundamenta-se na pesquisa bibliográfica (historiografia) referente ao tema, como também na análise de documentos (fontes) produzidos pelo historiador em destaque no final do século I da era cristã.
8
Fleming, Cameron. "Vita activa and the nature of economic enterprises: a political theory of the firm". Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=114614.
Resumo:
This thesis considers whether the contemporary capitalist firm can be understood in political terms independent of its association with the broader economic or political systems within which it is located. Viewed through an Arendtian framework of the Athenian polis and vita activa - and its Aristotelean connection between necessity and unfreedom - it becomes possible to understand the firm in such a manner. The modern elevation of the economic role of the household to the level of society - concomitant with the emergence of government as administration - results in the social, rather than individual, production of the satisfaction of biological necessity. This development makes it possible to question Arendt's assertions regarding the antipolitical nature of the labourer (animal laborans) and the apolitical nature of the worker (homo faber), thus opening the way for a resumption of political eligibility for citizens. However, because of the rise of the social and its associated gigantism, there does not seem to be a properly political space where animal laborans and homo faber can exercise these political capacities. This thesis proposes that such a political space can indeed exist, albeit in an unorthodox and unexpected location. By looking to a model of the Athenian polis which draws its inspiration from the thought of Hannah Arendt, it is thus possible to reconceptualize the economic enterprise as a private polis inhabited by worker-citizens.Cette thèse considère que l'entreprise capitaliste contemporain peut être compris en termes politiques indépendants de son association avec les grands systèmes économiques ou politiques au sein duquel il est situé. Vue au travers d'un cadre d'Arendt de la polis athénienne et vita activa - et sa connexion aristotélicienne entre la nécessité et la non-liberté - il devient possible de comprendre l'entreprise dans une telle manière. L'élévation moderne du rôle économique du ménage au niveau de la société - concomitante avec l'émergence de l'État comme l'administration - se traduit par la production sociale plutôt qu'individuelle, de la satisfaction de la nécessité biologique. Ce développement permet de remettre en question les affirmations de Hannah Arendt sur la nature antipolitique de l'ouvrier (animal laborans) et le caractère apolitique de l'ouvrier (homo faber), ce qui pourrait ouvrir la voie à une reprise de l'éligibilité politique pour les citoyens. Cependant, en raison de la hausse du social et de son gigantisme associé, il ne semble pas y avoir un espace proprement politique où des animal laborans et homo faber peut exercer ces capacités politiques. Cette thèse propose qu'un tel espace politique peut effectivement exister, mais dans un endroit peu orthodoxe et inattendu. En regardant vers un modèle de la polis athénienne, qui puise son inspiration dans la pensée de Hannah Arendt, il est ainsi possible de redéfinir l'entreprise économique comme simple soldat polis habitée par des travailleurs-citoyens.
9
Tassone, Daniela <1981>. "Fistole retto-vaginali Crohn-relate trattate mediante trasposizione del muscolo gracile: risultati a lungo termine e qualità della vita". Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7146/.
Resumo:
OBIETTIVO: Le fistole retto-vaginali Crohn-relate hanno un impatto significativo sulla qualità della vita. Quando il canale anale è alterato da ulcerazioni e stenosi o in pazienti con difetti estesi del perineo, la chirurgia locale produce risultati insoddisfacenti. Lo scopo di questo studio è quello di valutare l'efficacia della trasposizione del muscolo gracile nelle fistole retto-vaginali Crohn-relate e determinare i suoi effetti sulla qualità della vita.
MATERIALI E METODI: Da gennaio 2012 a ottobre 2014 sono state trattate 10 pazienti; sono state raccolte alcune variabili (età, BMI, il fumo, CDAI, setone perioperatorio, precedenti procedure, uso di immunomodulatori e steroidi). Tutte le pazienti sono state sottoposte ad ileostomia temporanea prima della graciloplastica. La percentuale di successo è stata misurata come numero di pazienti con fistola guarita dopo la chiusura della stomia. Sono stati utilizzati tre questionari prima della graciloplastica e 3 mesi dopo la chiusura della stomia al fine di valutare la qualità della vita (SF-36), l’ incontinenza fecale e la funzione sessuale.
RISULTATI: La fistola retto-vaginale è stata chiusa in 9 pazienti su 10 dopo graciloplastica, con un follow-up medio di chiusura della stomia di 19 mesi (range 4 -34). È stata documentata una recidiva di RVF. Il tempo operatorio era 90-150 minuti (media, 120). La degenza postoperatoria era 7-16 giorni (media 10). Complicanze postoperatorie precoci includevano deiscenza delle suture perineali in 2 casi. Le complicanze a lungo termine includevano disestesia della cicatrice perineale. Nei dati post-operatori abbiamo riportato un miglioramento della qualità di vita, della funzione sessuale e della continenza fecale.
CONCLUSIONI: La chiusura della fistola retto-vaginale utilizzando la trasposizione del muscolo gracile è associata a morbidità minima e un alto tasso di successo.OBJECTIVE: Crohn's-related rectovaginal fistulae have significant impact on quality of life, including sexual function. If the anal canal is destroyed by ulceration and indurations or in patients with extensive defects of the perineum, local surgery has unsatisfactory results. The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy of gracilis muscle transposition for Crohn's-related recurrent rectovaginal fistula and determine its effects on quality of life and sexual function. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From January 2012 to October 2014 gracilis muscle transposition for recurrent rectovaginal fistula Crohn-related was performed in ten patients and the clinical data (age, BMI, smoking, CDAI, use of perioperative seton, previous procedures, use of immunomodulators and steroids) were prospectively collected. All patients were diverted by a temporary ileostomy before graciloplasty. The success rate was measured as the percentage of patients with a healed fistula after stomal closure. SF-36 quality of life score, fecal incontinence score, and female sexual function score before surgery and 3 months after stoma closure were recorded. RESULTS: Rectovaginal fistula was closed in 9 of 10 patients after graciloplasty with a mean follow-up from stomal closure of 19 months (range 4 -34). One rerecurrence of a RVF was documented. The operative time ranged from 90-150 minutes (mean, 120). The postoperative hospital stay ranged from 7-16 days (mean 10). Early postoperative complications included perineal dehiscence sutures in 2 cases. Long-term complications included perineal scar dysesthesia. We reported improvement of QOL, sexual function and fecal continence in the post-operative data. CONCLUSION: Recto-vaginal fistula closure using pedicled gracilis muscle interposition is associated with minimal morbidity and a high success rate. It is an excellent option for patients with recurrent fistulas in whom other surgical treatments have failed.
10
Reinhardt, Chanelle. "Habiter le lieu vide: Le régime totalitaire nazi dans son rapport à l'architecture". Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28831.
Resumo:
En nous inspirant de l'ouvrage du philosophe politique Miguel Abensour intitulé De la compacité, nous tenterons de démontrer comment le régime totalitaire nazi façonne un espace qui lui est propre. En effet, le régime totalitaire nazi institue un " travail sur l'espace " dont le signe le plus visible est l'architecture. L'essence du totalitarisme, à l'aune des travaux de Claude Lefort et du concept de l'institution symbolique du social , apparaît renvoyer à un système de représentation qui dispose en son centre l'image du peuple qui se fait " un ", sans division. Conséquemment, notre hypothèse est que l'espace nazi peut être compris à la lumière de ce désir qu'à la sociéte totalitaire de faire " un " avec elle-même. Ainsi, par sa mise en scène spatiale et architecturale, le totalitarisme institue un " espace manifeste " (le lieu de l'inclusion, du grandiose, des grands projets architecturaux du Reich) qui se traduit dans une texture spatiale particulière.
Livros sobre o assunto "Vite generalen":
1
Gerosa, Guido. Il generale: Vita di Giuseppe Garibaldi. Torino: ERI-edizioni RAI, 1986.
2
Ricci, Nino. Vite dei santi. Vibo Valentia: Monteleone, 1994.
3
Manfredi, Luca. L'uomo delle tre rivoluzioni: Vita e pensiero del generale Guglielmo Pepe. Foggia: Bastogi, 2009.
4
Continiello, Giuseppe. Garibaldi: Mille volte, mille vite. Cagliari: AM&D, 2010.
5
Nepos, Cornelius. Vite dei massimi condottieri. Siena: Barbera, 2012.
6
Plutarch. Vite parallele, Focione, Catone Uticense. Milano: Biblioteca universale Rizzoli, 1993.
7
Agnoli, Francesco Mario. Il giacobino pentito: Vita, morte e battaglie del generale Giuseppe La Hoz. Rimini: Il cerchio, 2009.
8
Stefanon, Gualtiero. Il figlio della stella del mattino: Vita del generale George Armstrong Custer. Milano: Mursia, 1992.
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Plutarch. Le vite di Cimone e di Lucullo. [Milano]: Fondazione Lorenzo Valla, 1990.
10
Vargas, Fred. Pars vite et reviens tard. Paris: J'ai Lu, 2004.
Capítulos de livros sobre o assunto "Vite generalen":
1
Illichmann, Sebastian. "General Aviation Center / VIP Terminal". In Vie Metamorphosis, 216–35. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-1385-1_13.
2
Hilb, Martin. "Subsidiary Governance Case". In Management for Professionals, 77–81. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48606-8_15.
Resumo:
AbstractYou are the newly appointed Vice President for Europe of Computex Corporation, a San Francisco-based computer manufacturer.This morning you received a strange letter signed by six (out of ten) members of your sales force team in the recently established subsidiary, located in Gothenburg. They asked you to fire the General Manager of Computex Sweden “... who loses his temper almost daily...”
3
Benoit, William L., e Mark Glantz. "A Functional Analysis of 2012 United States General Election Presidential and Vice Presidential Debates". In Die US-Präsidentschaftswahl 2012, 289–306. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-19767-8_13.
4
Neubauer, Matthias. "E-Learning Support for Business Process Modeling: Linking Modeling Language Concepts to General Modeling Concepts and Vice Versa". In Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing, 62–76. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-29133-3_5.
5
Urenda, Julio C., Olga Kosheleva e Vladik Kreinovich. "Finitely Generated Sets of Fuzzy Values: If “And” Is Exact, Then “Or” Is Almost Always Approximate, and Vice Versa—A Theorem". In How Uncertainty-Related Ideas Can Provide Theoretical Explanation For Empirical Dependencies, 133–40. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65324-8_19.
6
Dalton, David R. "Grapevine from Hardwood Cuttings". In The Chemistry of Wine. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190687199.003.0011.
Resumo:
Rooted plants can often be obtained and transferred from one environment into another either in order to increase the number of vines producing a specific grape in a vineyard or to introduce a new variety or propagate a new cultivar. It has been found that some vines can be grown from hardwood cuttings. The technique of hardwood cutting involves removing a cane (Figure 4.1, a and b) from a successful vine once the vine has gone dormant for the winter, trimming it appropriately, and then planting it in well-fertilized soil either with or without growth stimulants (i.e., phytohormones, vide supra). It is clear that the conditions of planting, reported by various sources, are a function of variety and terroir. Interestingly, it appears that the cutting, which may have been grown on a rootstock different from the variety of grape produced, will produce roots that are true to the variety of grape. Once the vine, from seed, grafting, or cane begins to grow, it must be “trained” so that its growth can be monitored and successful grape crops harvested. The training includes proper spacing of vines and the establishment of a trellis system or posts for each vine. Trellis systems are set up during the first or second year of the growth of the vine since harvesting of grape crops before the third year is rare. The trellis, which will need to bear the weight of the vine and grapes, is built much like a fence. Thus, the row of grape vines is held up by end posts at the end of the row and line posts about 20 feet apart between the ends. Usually, there is a line post for every two or three vines with some species needing more space than others. Generally the end posts are thick treated wood, concrete, or steel and are strongly anchored. The line posts are thinner, and the trellis itself is made of twelve (12) gauge or heavier wire with the number of wires a function of the weight to be supported and the height to which the grapes are to be grown.
7
"Die Vita Activa des Generals Atrio Flaminio". In Paradiso als Pardes, 209–60. Wilhelm Fink Verlag, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.30965/9783846752951_006.
8
Kert, Faye Margaret. "Prizemaking and the Vice-Admiralty Court at Halifax". In Prize and Prejudice, 55–76. Liverpool University Press, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.5949/liverpool/9780968128817.003.0004.
Resumo:
This chapter examines the role of the vice-admiralty court at Halifax, detailing in particular the system they developed to take a prize from arrest through adjudication to the final sentence. It considers the careers of the court’s judge, Sir Alexander Croke, and advocate general Richard John Uniacke; the problem posed by the lack of declaration of war that delayed the court from acting as a prize court until the war was heavily underway. It concludes by claiming the wealth generated through this system of determining prize counterbalanced the wartime loss of revenue from other maritime sectors, such as the fishing industry.
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Işin, Gül. "General outlook to the Hellenistic Pottery of Patara with Selected Examples". In Céramiques antiques en Lycie (viie s. a.C. - viie s. p.C.), 137–49. Ausonius Éditions, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/books.ausonius.828.
10
Docksey, Christopher. "Article 73 Chair". In The EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198826491.003.0118.
Resumo:
Article 29(4) DPD provided that ‘The Working Party shall elect its chairman. The chairman’s term of office shall be two years. His appointment shall be renewable’. Article 3(1) of the WP29 Rules of Procedure provided in addition for the election of two Vice-Chairs.
Trabalhos de conferências sobre o assunto "Vite generalen":
1
"Message from General and Vice-General Chairs". In 2016 IEEE 23rd International Conference on High Performance Computing (HiPC). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/hipc.2016.005.
2
"Message from the General and Vice-General Chairs". In 2017 IEEE 24th International Conference on High Performance Computing (HiPC). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/hipc.2017.00005.
3
"Message from General and Vice-General Co-Chairs". In 2019 IEEE 26th International Conference on High Performance Computing, Data, and Analytics (HiPC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/hipc.2019.00005.
4
"Message from General and Vice-General Co-Chairs". In 2019 26th International Conference on High Performance Computing, Data and Analytics Workshop (HiPCW). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/hipcw.2019.00005.
5
"Message from General and Vice-General Co-Chairs". In 2018 IEEE 25th International Conference on High Performance Computing Workshops (HiPCW). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/hipcw.2018.8634370.
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"Message from the general and vice-general chairs". In 2009 IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/percom.2009.4912740.
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"Message from the general vice-chair". In 18th International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium, 2004. Proceedings. IEEE, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ipdps.2004.1302891.
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"Message from the General and Vice-General Co-Chairs". In 2018 IEEE 25th International Conference on High Performance Computing (HiPC). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/hipc.2018.00005.
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"Message from the HiPC General and Vice-General Chairs". In 2016 IEEE 23rd International Conference on High Performance Computing Workshops (HiPCW). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/hipcw.2016.005.
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"Letter from General Vice Chair Peter Abell". In 2009 IEEE International Conference on RFID. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rfid.2009.4911162.
Relatórios de organizações sobre o assunto "Vite generalen":
1
Phuong, Vu Tan, Nguyen Van Truong, Do Trong Hoan, Hoang Nguyen Viet Hoa e Nguyen Duy Khanh. Understanding tree-cover transitions, drivers and stakeholders’ perspectives for effective landscape governance: a case study of Chieng Yen Commune, Son La Province, Viet Nam. World Agroforestry, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5716/wp21023.pdf.
Resumo:
Integrated landscape management for sustainable livelihoods and positive environmental outcomes has been desired by many developing countries, especially for mountainous areas where agricultural activities, if not well managed, will likely degrade vulnerable landscapes. This research was an attempt to characterize the landscape in Chieng Yen Commune, Son La Province in Northwest Viet Nam to generate knowledge and understanding of local conditions and to propose a workable governance mechanism to sustainably manage the landscape. ICRAF, together with national partners — Vietnamese Academy of Forest Sciences, Soil and Fertilizer Research Institute — and local partners — Son La Department of Agriculture and Rural Development, Son La Department of Natural Resources and Environment, Chieng Yen Commune People’s Committee — conducted rapid assessments in the landscape, including land-use mapping, land-use characterization, a household survey and participatory landscape assessment using an ecosystem services framework. We found that the landscape and peoples’ livelihoods are at risk from the continuous degradation of forest and agricultural land, and declining productivity, ecosystem conditions and services. Half of households live below the poverty line with insufficient agricultural production for subsistence. Unsustainable agricultural practices and other livelihood activities are causing more damage to the forest. Meanwhile, existing forest and landscape governance mechanisms are generally not inclusive of local community engagement. Initial recommendations are provided, including further assessment to address current knowledge gaps.
2
Phuong, Vu Tan, Nguyen Van Truong e Do Trong Hoan. Commune-level institutional arrangements and monitoring framework for integrated tree-based landscape management. World Agroforestry, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5716/wp21024.pdf.
Resumo:
Governance is a difficult task in the context of achieving landscape multifunctionality owing to the multiplicity of stakeholders, institutions, scale and ecosystem services: the ‘many-multiple’ (Cockburn et al 2018). Governing and managing the physical landscape and the actors in the landscape requires intensive knowledge and good planning systems. Land-use planning is a powerful instrument in landscape governance because it directly guides how actors will intervene in the physical landscape (land use) to gain commonly desired value. It is essential for sustaining rural landscapes and improving the livelihoods of rural communities (Bourgoin and Castella 2011, Bourgoin et al 2012, Rydin 1998), ensuring landscape multifunctionality (Nelson et al 2009, Reyers et al 2012) and enhancing efficiency in carbon sequestration, in particular (Bourgoin et al 2013, Cathcart et al 2007). It is also considered critical to the successful implementation of land-based climate mitigation, such as under Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), because the Land Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry (LULUCF) sector is included in the mitigation contributions of nearly 90 percent of countries in Sub-Saharan and Southern Asia countries and in the Latin American and Caribbean regions (FAO 2016). Viet Nam has been implementing its NDC, which includes forestry and land-based mitigation options under the LULUCF sector. The contribution of the sector to committed national emission reduction is significant and cost-effective compared with other sectors. In addition to achieving emission reduction targets, implementation of forestry and land-based mitigation options has the highest benefits for social-economic development and achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (MONRE 2020). Challenges, however, lie in the way national priorities and targets are translated into sub-national delivery plans and the way sub-national actors are brought together in orchestration (Hsu et al 2019) in a context where the legal framework for climate-change mitigation is elaborated at national rather than sub-national levels and coordination between government bodies and among stakeholders is generally ineffective (UNDP 2018). In many developing countries, conventional ‘top–down’, centralized land-use planning approaches have been widely practised, with very little success, a result of a lack of flexibility in adapting local peculiarities (Amler et al 1999, Ducourtieux et al 2005, Kauzeni et al 1993). In forest–agriculture mosaic landscapes, the fundamental question is how land-use planning can best conserve forest and agricultural land, both as sources of economic income and environmental services (O’Farrell and Anderson 2010). This paper provides guidance on monitoring integrated tree-based landscape management at commune level, based on the current legal framework related to natural resource management (land and forest) and the requirements of national green-growth development and assessment of land uses in two communes in Dien Bien and Son La provinces. The concept of integrated tree based landscape management in Viet Nam is still new and should be further developed for wider application across levels.
3
Del Viejo, Juan, Ramón García, Manuel Rodriguez Porcel, Alejandro Rojas e José Luis Villa Martínez. Retos y desafíos en cadenas de suministro en Republica Dominicana por efecto del COVID-19. Editado por Óscar Mauricio Beltrán Real e María de Lourdes Núñez. Inter-American Development Bank, maio de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003308.
Resumo:
Este documento hace parte de una serie de iniciativas impulsadas por el Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo (BID) para aportar herramientas e instrumentos que le sirvan al sector logístico de República Dominicana (RD) a la definición de estrategias de resiliencia ante las consecuencias económicas que sufrió el sector por cuenta de la emergencia de salud que se vive a nivel mundial por el COVID-19. La propagación de la pandemia, obligó a las autoridades a tomar una serie de medidas que provocaron en República Dominicana una caída drástica del turismo por la falta de vuelos comerciales, así como una disminución en la demanda de productos no esenciales y esenciales que antes eran demandados en gran proporción por este sector. A lo anterior se sumaron situaciones específicas que impactaron el normal comportamiento de las cadenas de suministro, como: la interrupción de las exportaciones que empleaban los vuelos comerciales; los retrasos en las gestiones aduaneras; el aprovisionamiento masivo por la población de elementos de protección personal para evitar el contagio; el desabastecimiento inicial y la subida del precio del material sanitario de protección individual; el cambio de hábitos de comportamiento para evitar el contacto físico, directo o indirecto, con otras personas; el incremento del comercio online, tanto nacional como internacional; la suspensión de empleos por la falta de actividad en muchos sectores, especialmente en los no esenciales; y en general la caída de la actividad económica. Ante esta situación, en este documento se presenta una diagramación de las principales cadenas de suministro de productos esenciales, en estado de normalidad, identificando actores, tiempos y costos; de tal forma que sirvan al estado dominicano como insumo para la definición de estrategias de seguridad nacional, ante situaciones como las vividas con la pandemia.