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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „MS – Multiple Sclerosis”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 3 czerwca 2025

Data aktualizacji: 31 lipca 2025

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1

Mazziotti, Valentina. "Pregnancy in Multiple Sclerosis." Archives of Case Reports: Open Access 1, no. 1 (2024): 01–04. http://dx.doi.org/10.33140/acroa.01.01.01.

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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects 2.3 million people worldwide, mostly young adults, with a high female prevalence (70% to 75%). Therefore, most individuals who get diagnosed with MS are women of childbearing age. However, disease activity is greatly reduced during the last trimester of pregnancy, although an increased relapse rate is observed in the three months after delivery. Despite several studies point to pregnancy as a period of stabilization in the clinical course of MS, pregnancy in MS remains a controversial iss

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Artur Medina, Jose. "Multiple Sclerosis and Chlamydia." International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews 9, no. 1 (2021): 01–02. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2690-4861/163.

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Although the epidemiological similarity between the two diseases is true, this thesis was not discussed extensively, perhaps because it implied that some children might have been victims of abuse, which sounds false and potentially unfair. We believe that transverse myelitis and MS are the result of an infectious disease, eventually sexually transmitted by chlamydia/gonococcus, which is caused by a subclinical bacterial urethritis/inflamatory pelvic disease (IPD) among adults. In children it is the same disease but caused by common uropathogens/enterobacteria. Both UTI and MS are much more com

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3

S, P. SRINIVAS NAYAK, Tabassum Javeriya, and Naaz Mahjabeen. "Management of Multiple Sclerosis and Effectiveness of Ozanimod in Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis." Management of Multiple Sclerosis and Effectiveness of Ozanimod in Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis 3, no. 6 (2020): 67–73. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5469941.

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Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is termed as an autoimmune disorder characterised by multiple demyelinating lesions in the central nervous system (CNS). Till date, no drug provides the complete cure for MS. All the immunotherapeutic agents and most of the receptor modulators target Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis (RMS). Thus the main challenge until recent times remained to develop a suitable therapy for Secondary progressive MS (SPMS), until the approval of the non-selective sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptor modulator Fingolimod in 2010 which led to the discovery of many such drugs over the years.

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4

eyedaghanoor, Sadegh. "How to Heal Patient with Multiple Sclerosis." Journal of Biomedical Research & Environmental Sciences 2, no. 6 (2021): 523–24. https://doi.org/10.37871/jbres1269.

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Multiple Sclerosis (MS) has been defined as an inflammatory demyelinating condition afflicting more than 2.8 million people worldwide. Meta-regression analyses of studies on MS epidemiology since 1965 revealed an almost universal increase in prevalence and incidence of MS over time; and suggest a general increase in incidence of MS in females. The study for prevalence estimation of MS in Iran in 2013 indicated a high prevalence rate in Isfahan (89 per 100000 of population) and Tehran (88/100000), situated at the central part of Iran (5). Numerous studies revealed that having positive family hi

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5

Budimkić, Maja, Olivera Tamaš, Nikola Veselinović, Šarlota Mesaroš, and Jelena Drulović. "Late onset multiple sclerosis." Medicinski podmladak 75, no. 5 (2024): 48–57. https://doi.org/10.5937/mp75-52391.

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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that usually occurs between the ages of 20 and 40. Less often, the diagnosis of MS can be made in children and adolescents, before the age of 18, as well as in people aged 50 and over. If the symptoms of MS appear in people aged 50 and over, this form of the disease is called late onset MS (LOMS). Compared to the classic onset of MS, people with LOMS are characterized by a more frequent occurrence of a progressive course of the disease, a delay in establishing a diagnosis

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6

Rohani, Mohammad, and Shadi Ghourchian. "Fulminant multiple sclerosis (MS)." Neurological Sciences 32, no. 5 (2011): 953–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10072-011-0723-0.

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Alroughani, Raed, and Bassem Yamout. "Multiple Sclerosis." Seminars in Neurology 38, no. 02 (2018): 212–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1649502.

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AbstractMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic central nervous system inflammatory disease of autoimmune etiology, mediated by activated T cells with evolving evidence of a significant contribution from B cells and cells of the innate immune system. The disease is thought to be due to a complex interaction between different genetic and environmental factors. The prevalence of MS is rising all over the world, due on one hand to earlier diagnosis and prolonged survival, and on the other to a true increase in incidence of the disease. The diagnosis of MS remains clinical despite recent advances in

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8

Eric, Theodore, and Bates Archer. "Multiple Sclerosis: A Systemic Review of Drugs and Therapeutics." Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery 1, no. 3 (2017): 01–03. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2578-8868/018.

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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. It affects approximately 400,000 people in the United States and onset is usually during young adulthood. There are four clinical forms of MS, of which relapsing remitting type is the most common. As the etiology of MS is unknown, finding a cure will remain challenging. The main mechanism of injury appears to be inflammation and 8 agents are now FDA approved to help control MS. These agents for relapsing forms of MS target different parts of the immune system, with the end goal of

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9

Canto, Ester, and Jorge R. Oksenberg. "Multiple sclerosis genetics." Multiple Sclerosis Journal 24, no. 1 (2018): 75–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1352458517737371.

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A broad scientific consensus has emerged linking multiple sclerosis (MS) risk to multiple independent and interacting DNA variants that are relatively frequent in the population and act in concert with environmental exposures. The multifactorial, polygenic model of heritability provided the rationale and impetus to pursue genome-wide association studies (GWAS), which have been highly successful in uncovering genetic variants influencing susceptibility. Over 200 loci have been firmly associated with MS susceptibility. The main association signal genome-wide maps to the major histocompatibility

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10

Albatineh, Ahmed N., Raed Alroughani, and Rabeah Al-Temaimi. "Predictors of Multiple Sclerosis Severity Score in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis." International Journal of MS Care 22, no. 5 (2020): 233–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.7224/1537-2073.2019-054.

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Abstract Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating autoimmune disorder. Several factors have been shown to associate with MS clinical severity. The influence of different lifestyle factors on MS clinical severity as assessed by the Multiple Sclerosis Severity Score (MSSS) was investigated. Methods: A questionnaire was administered to 128 Kuwaiti MS patients to assess the association of smoking, nutritional supplement use, food allergy, physical activity (PA), and educational level with MSSS. A multiple linear regression model was used to test for associations. Regression model res

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11

Khaleel, Ali Mohammed, and Sarmad Abdul-Rasool Al-Mashetah. "Multiple Sclerosis in Comparison to Sporadic Multiple Sclerosis in Iraqi Patients." British Journal of Biology Studies 4, no. 1 (2024): 01–06. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/bjbs.2024.4.1.1.

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Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a complex autoimmune disease affecting the central nervous system, characterized by diverse symptoms based on lesion locations. Familial MS (FMS) indicates a genetic predisposition, potentially leading to a more severe disease course than sporadic MS, which lacks familial clustering. This distinction is critical for diagnosing and treating MS, particularly in the Iraqi patient population. The study aims to evaluate and compare the clinical and radiological features of FMS and sporadic MS among patients at the Baghdad Teaching Hospital's MS outpatient clinic. In this

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12

Zhornitsky, Simon, V. Wee Yong, Samuel Weiss, and Luanne M. Metz. "Prolactin in multiple sclerosis." Multiple Sclerosis Journal 19, no. 1 (2012): 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1352458512458555.

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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is more common among women than men. MS often goes into remission during pregnancy, when prolactin (PRL) levels are known to be high. In an animal model of demyelination, PRL promoted myelin repair, suggesting it has potential as a remyelinating therapy in MS. In this systematic review, we examined the known associations between PRL and MS, in order to elucidate its potential role in the pathophysiology and treatment of MS. A systematic search was performed in the electronic databases PubMed and EMBASE, using the keywords "prolactin" AND “multiple sclerosis.” The inclus

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13

Berger, Joseph R., Jennifer Pocoski, Ronald Preblick, and Susan Boklage. "Fatigue heralding multiple sclerosis." Multiple Sclerosis Journal 19, no. 11 (2013): 1526–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1352458513477924.

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Background: Fatigue is a common symptom in multiple sclerosis (MS) and is an important determinant of overall well-being and disability. Objective: To assess the frequency with which fatigue precedes the diagnosis of MS using a retrospective database analysis. Methods: Between January 1, 2003 and September 30, 2008, patients diagnosed with fatigue with and without fatigue-related medications within a 3-year period prior to newly diagnosed MS were identified from the MarketScan Databases. All statistical analysis was performed using SAS. Results: Of the 16,976 patients with MS in the overall po

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14

Schwarz, Stefan, and Hans Leweling. "Multiple sclerosis and nutrition." Multiple Sclerosis Journal 11, no. 1 (2005): 24–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/1352458505ms1119oa.

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Benefits from any particular diet in multiple sclerosis (MS) have not yet been proven. It is, however, frequent that malnutrition may potentially exacerbate the symptoms of MS. There is some evidence that a high intake of saturated fat increases the incidence of MS. Epidemiological studies imply that unsaturated fatty acids may have a positive effect on the course of MS. However, the results of controlled studies are ambiguous. A meta-analysis of three small controlled clinical trials suggests a benefit from linoleic acid. Intake of Vitamin D is associated with a lower incidence of MS. In MS,

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15

Tyshkov, Charles, Siddharama Pawate, Michael J. Bradshaw, et al. "Multiple sclerosis and sarcoidosis." Neurology: Clinical Practice 9, no. 3 (2019): 218–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/cpj.0000000000000629.

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BackgroundPatients with biopsy-proven systemic sarcoidosis who develop a chronic CNS disorder are often presumed to have neurosarcoidosis (NS), however, the possibility of comorbid neurologic disease, such as MS, must be considered if presentation and course are not typical for NS.MethodsRetrospective chart review across 4 academic MS centers was undertaken to identify patients with diagnosis of MS (2017 McDonald criteria) and biopsy-confirmed extraneural sarcoidosis. Data were abstracted from each chart using a case report form that systematically queried for demographic, clinical, and paracl

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16

Abboud, Hesham, Eddie Hill, Junaid Siddiqui, Alessandro Serra, and Benjamin Walter. "Neuromodulation in multiple sclerosis." Multiple Sclerosis Journal 23, no. 13 (2017): 1663–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1352458517736150.

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Neuromodulation, or the utilization of advanced technology for targeted electrical or chemical neuronal stimulation or inhibition, has been expanding in several neurological subspecialties. In the past decades, immune-modulating therapy has been the main focus of multiple sclerosis (MS) research with little attention to neuromodulation. However, with the recent advances in disease-modifying therapies, it is time to shift the focus of MS research to neuromodulation and restoration of function as with other neurological subspecialties. Preliminary research supports the value of intrathecal baclo

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17

Shiraliyeva, R. K., and R. R. Aliyev. "MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND AGING." National Journal of Neurology 2, no. 20 (2020): 34–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.61788/njn.v2i20.04.

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The aim of this article is to study the aging of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), as well as the clinical course, neurological status, comorbidities, and therapeutic aspects in elderly people with MS. Materials and research methods. The study was carried out by 356 patients, whose examination and treatment was carried out by a special expert commission at the Neurological Center of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Azerbaijan at the Republican Clinical Hospital named after academician M.Mirgasimov for one year (01.07.2013-30.06.2014) within the framework of the “State Program for

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18

Preiningerova, Jana Lizrova, Zuzana Jiraskova Zakostelska, Adhish Srinivasan, et al. "Multiple Sclerosis and Microbiome." Biomolecules 12, no. 3 (2022): 433. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom12030433.

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The composition of microbiota and the gut-brain axis is increasingly considered a factor in the development of various pathological conditions. The etiology of multiple sclerosis (MS), a chronic autoimmune disease affecting the CNS, is complex and interactions within the gut-brain axis may be relevant in the development and the course of MS. In this article, we focus on the relationship between gut microbiota and the pathophysiology of MS. We review the contribution of germ-free mouse studies to our understanding of MS pathology and its implications for treatment strategies to modulate the mic

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19

Green, Ari J., Andrew W. Bollen, Mitchel S. Berger, Jorge R. Oksenberg, and Stephen L. Hauser. "Multiple sclerosis and oligodendroglioma." Multiple Sclerosis Journal 7, no. 4 (2001): 269–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/135245850100700410.

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Two cases of multiple sclerosis (MS) and oligodendroglioma are reviewed, increasing the total number of reported cases to 11. In this series, the clinical onset of MS preceded the discovery of the tumor by a mean of 15 years. No distinguishing features of oligodendroglioma were characteristic of MS-associated cases. However, there was an overrepresentation of benign MS. Although this could result from biased ascertainment, other possibilities, including effective remyelination mediated by mitotically active oligodendrocytes, or secretion of immunosuppressive cytokines by the tumor tissue, cann

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20

Medina, Jose Artur. "Multiple Sclerosis, Chlamydia and Gut Disbiosis." Journal of Clinical Research and Reports 9, no. 3 (2021): 01–02. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2690-1919/208.

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I believe that multiple sclerosis progression could be stopped through antibiotics, dewormers, beta glucans and garlic extract and, by far the most difficult, changing the quality of the water ingested, or used for washing salads, in addition to increasing the consumption of probiotics. I believe that MS sclerosis is due to the unfortunate encounter of 3 diseases: intestinal dysbiosis, chlamydia infections and orthopedic problems. However, how would these three diseases cause demyelination of nerve fibers?

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21

Bove, Riley. "Multiple Sclerosis and Pregnancy." US Neurology 11, no. 02 (2015): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.17925/usn.2015.11.02.87.

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For many women with multiple sclerosis (MS), bearing and breastfeeding a child can be undertaken safely with the management of an informed medical provider. In the past year, the need for a North American MS pregnancy registry has come into sharper focus; reports from a multicenter randomized estriol trial have been presented, and the scope of investigations has widened beyond mothers to include fathers with MS, as well as children of parents with MS. More data are anticipated regarding the effects of breastfeeding and fertility treatments on MS course, as well as ideal levels of vitamin D dur

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Davis, Scott L., Thad E. Wilson, Andrea T. White, and Elliot M. Frohman. "Thermoregulation in multiple sclerosis." Journal of Applied Physiology 109, no. 5 (2010): 1531–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00460.2010.

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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a progressive neurological disorder that disrupts axonal myelin in the central nervous system. Demyelination produces alterations in saltatory conduction, slowed conduction velocity, and a predisposition to conduction block. An estimated 60–80% of MS patients experience temporary worsening of clinical signs and neurological symptoms with heat exposure. Additionally, MS may produce impaired neural control of autonomic and endocrine functions. This review focuses on five main themes regarding the current understanding of thermoregulatory dysfunction in MS: 1) heat sens

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23

Karpatkin, Herbert I. "Multiple Sclerosis and Exercise." International Journal of MS Care 7, no. 2 (2005): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.7224/1537-2073-7.2.36.

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Compared with other neurologic disorders, relatively little literature exists to define or support the role of exercise in MS. This review describes issues relating to exercise in patients with MS, discusses relevant literature, offers exercise guidelines for persons with MS, and suggests topics for future research. Unique aspects of MS that affect physical therapy are addressed, including disease progression, fatigue, and thermosensitivity. Review of the literature includes discussion of strength training, aerobic exercise, and respiratory training. While physical activity was once contraindi

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Burman, Joachim, and Johan Zelano. "Epilepsy in multiple sclerosis." Neurology 89, no. 24 (2017): 2462–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000004740.

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Objective:To determine the cumulative incidence of epilepsy in a population-based cohort of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and to investigate the association between epilepsy and clinical features of MS.Methods:All available patients in the Swedish MS register (n = 14,545) and 3 age- and sex-matched controls per patient randomly selected from the population register (n = 43,635) were included. Data on clinical features of MS were retrieved from the Swedish MS register, and data on epilepsy and death were retrieved from comprehensive patient registers.Results:The cumulative incidence of

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Tabby, David, Muhammad Hassan Majeed, Branden Youngman, and Jessica Wilcox. "Headache in Multiple Sclerosis." International Journal of MS Care 15, no. 2 (2013): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.7224/1537-2073.2012-035.

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The aim of this study was to investigate the variables affecting headache occurrence in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Seventy-two MS patients with comorbid headaches completed a 28-item questionnaire. This evaluation assessed each patient's demographics, headache description and modifying factors, social history, and impact on quality of life. Our patients reported a wide spectrum of headache presentations, characteristics, and resulting disability. We discuss the patterns in our data in the context of current hypotheses regarding headache and MS causality. In our patients, migraines

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26

Sanai, Shaik Ahmed, Vasu Saini, Ralph HB Benedict, et al. "Aging and multiple sclerosis." Multiple Sclerosis Journal 22, no. 6 (2016): 717–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1352458516634871.

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The life expectancy and average age of persons with multiple sclerosis (MS) have increased significantly during the last two decades. The introduction of disease-modifying therapies and a better delineation and understanding of the superimposed comorbidities often diagnosed in MS patients are probably the most important factors accountable for the increase in aging MS population worldwide. Healthcare teams must therefore address the problems arising due to advancing age superimposed on this chronic neurologic disease. In this review, we focus on the physiology of aging, its effects on MS disea

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Garlapati. Usha Kiran, Thummala. Sahithi Priya, Pusunuru. Krishna Kumari, Simhadri Ganga Sai Pradeepa, and Sangu Lavanya. "Multiple sclerosis." GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 26, no. 2 (2024): 038–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2024.26.2.0378.

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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS), which gives rise to focal lesions in the gray and white matter and to diffuse neurodegeneration in the entire brain. In this review, the spectrum of MS lesion s and their relation to the inflammatory process is described. Pathology suggests that inflammation drives tissue injury at all stages of the disease. Focal inflammatory infiltrates in the meninges and the perivascular spaces appear to produce soluble factors, which induce demyelination or neuro- degeneration either directly or in

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Garlapati., Usha Kiran, Sahithi Priya Thummala., Krishna Kumari Pusunuru., Ganga Sai Pradeepa Simhadri, and Lavanya Sangu. "Multiple sclerosis." GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 26, no. 2 (2024): 038–43. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10969826.

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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS), which gives rise to focal lesions in the gray and white matter and to diffuse neurodegeneration in the entire brain. In this review, the spectrum of MS lesion s and their relation to the inflammatory process is described. Pathology suggests that inflammation drives tissue injury at all stages of the disease. Focal inflammatory infiltrates in the meninges and the perivascular spaces appear to produce soluble factors, which induce demyelination or neuro- degeneration either directly or in

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Hofman, F. M., D. R. Hinton, K. Johnson, and J. E. Merrill. "Tumor necrosis factor identified in multiple sclerosis brain." Journal of Experimental Medicine 170, no. 2 (1989): 607–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.170.2.607.

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Frozen brain specimens from patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and other neurologic diseases were analyzed using immunocytochemical techniques for the presence of TNF. In brain lesions in MS, and subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, TNF+ cells were demonstrated. At the lesion site in MS, TNF+ staining is associated with both astrocytes and macrophages. These observations were not made in Alzheimer's disease or normal brain tissue. The presence of TNF in MS lesions suggests a significant role for cytokines and the immune response in disease progression.

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Journal, Baghdad Science. "Paramyxoviruses and Multiple Sclerosis." Baghdad Science Journal 9, no. 3 (2012): 500–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.9.3.500-503.

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Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a progressive neurological disease characterized by periods of quiescence and exacerbation, epidemiological data suggest the notion that MS is an acquired autoimmune disease caused by environmental factors, probably infectious, in genetically susceptible individuals.The submitted research was attempted to study the possible viral (Paramyxoviruses) role in MS, the sera of 57 MS patients were assayed for anti-measles and anti-mumps IgG antibodies using ELISA technique, the results were compared in order to establish the presence or absence of a significant difference r

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Sadiq, Ghassaq Tariq, and Eman abdulrahman Mahmood. "Paramyxoviruses and Multiple Sclerosis." Baghdad Science Journal 9, no. 3 (2012): 500–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.2012.9.3.500-503.

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Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a progressive neurological disease characterized by periods of quiescence and exacerbation, epidemiological data suggest the notion that MS is an acquired autoimmune disease caused by environmental factors, probably infectious, in genetically susceptible individuals.The submitted research was attempted to study the possible viral (Paramyxoviruses) role in MS, the sera of 57 MS patients were assayed for anti-measles and anti-mumps IgG antibodies using ELISA technique, the results were compared in order to establish the presence or absence of a significant difference r

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Sukhanov, A. I. "P22-5 Multiple sclerosis (MS)." Clinical Neurophysiology 121 (October 2010): S234. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1388-2457(10)60955-8.

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Halpern, Michael T., Stephanie Teixeira-Poit, Heather L. Kane, A. Corey Frost, Michael Keating, and Murrey Olmsted. "Interest in Providing Multiple Sclerosis Care and Subspecializing in Multiple Sclerosis Among Neurology Residents." International Journal of MS Care 16, no. 1 (2014): 26–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.7224/1537-2073.2013-009.

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Background: Although detailed knowledge regarding treatment options for multiple sclerosis (MS) patients is largely limited to neurologists, shortages in the neurologist workforce, including MS subspecialists, are predicted. Thus, MS patients may have difficulties in gaining access to appropriate care. No systematic evaluation has yet been performed of the number of neurology residents planning to pursue MS subspecialization. This study identifies factors affecting interest in providing MS patient care or MS subspecialization among current neurology residents. Methods: We randomly selected hal

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Łuszczyńska, Anna, and Włodzisław Kuliński. "Physiotherapy in multiple sclerosis." Medical Studies 3 (2015): 168–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5114/ms.2015.54755.

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Solomon, Andrew J., Robert T. Naismith, and Anne H. Cross. "Misdiagnosis of multiple sclerosis." Neurology 92, no. 1 (2018): 26–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000006583.

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Misdiagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS) (the incorrect assignment of a diagnosis of MS) remains a problem in contemporary clinical practice. Studies indicate that misdiagnosed patients are often exposed to prolonged unnecessary health care risks and morbidity. The recently published 2017 revision of the McDonald criteria for the diagnosis of MS provides an opportunity to consider the effect of these revisions on the problem of MS misdiagnosis. The 2017 McDonald criteria include several new recommendations to reduce potential for misdiagnoses. The criteria should be used for the types of patien

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Wang, Hsiuying. "MicroRNAs, Multiple Sclerosis, and Depression." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 15 (2021): 7802. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22157802.

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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease of the central nervous system that affects the brain and spinal cord. There are several disease courses in MS including relapsing–remitting MS (RRMS), primary progressive MS (PPMS), and secondary progressive MS (SPMS). Up to 50% of MS patients experience depressive disorders. Major depression (MD) is a serious comorbidity of MS. Many dysfunctions including neuroinflammation, peripheral inflammation, gut dysbiosis, chronic oxidative and nitrosative stress, and neuroendocrine and mitochondrial abnormalities may contribute to the comorbidity between MS

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Davydova, T., and A. Volyanskiy. "Relationship of viral infections and multiple sclerosis. Modern trends in the diagnosis and treatment of multiple sclerosis." Annals of Mechnikov Institute, no. 4 (December 12, 2019): 20–35. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3572498.

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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a polyethiological disease that develops as an interaction between the immune system and external factors in genetically susceptible individuals. There is growing evidence that viruses can play a role in the pathogenesis of MS, acting as external triggers. However, it is not fully known whether a single virus is causal or several viruses can act as an impulse to the development of the disease. We examined the association of various viruses with MS, focusing on two herpesviruses: human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV).  In recent years, the rese

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Meuth, Sven G., Stefan Bittner, and Heinz Wiendl. "Immunotherapy of multiple sclerosis." Acta Neuropsychiatrica 21, S2 (2009): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s092427080003266x.

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Abstract:Multiple sclerosis (MS) is regarded as a prototypic inflammatory autoimmune central nervous system disorder causing neurological disability in young adults. Recommended basic immunomodulatory therapies of MS are currently interferon beta and glatiramer acetate. Both have proven to be clinically and paraclinically effective and clinical evidence suggests that treatment should be initiated as early as possible.However, despite the fact that therapeutic options for MS have significantly been widened over the past decade there is still tremendous activity in the search for new treatment o

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Buchanan, Robert J., Raymond A. Martin, Linda Moore, Suojin Wang, and Hyunsu Ju. "Nursing home residents with multiple sclerosis and dementia compared to other multiple sclerosis residents." Multiple Sclerosis Journal 11, no. 5 (2005): 610–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/1352458505ms1199oa.

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Cognitive impairment may be a significant symptom in multiple sclerosis (MS), affecting about one half of MS patients in study samples similar to the general MS population. An interesting question is what role dementia, of any aetiology, plays in the cognitive ability of people with MS. The objective of this research is to learn more about nursing home residents with MS and dementia, identifying how they differ from other residents with MS. We developed profiles of MS residents with dementia using the Minimum Data Set and compared these profiles to other residents with MS. Nursing home residen

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Winter, George F. "Multiple sclerosis and lifestyle." British Journal of Neuroscience Nursing 20, Sup1 (2024): S32—S34. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjnn.2024.20.sup1.s32.

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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory, demyelinating neurological condition that affects 2.9 million people worldwide. MS can be debilitating to those who are affected by it and can grossly affect their quality of life. In this article, the author explores the correlation between MS and lifestyle, and how diet and physical activity can alter the course of this disease in patients affected by it.

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Bahrun, Uleng, and Chelvi Wijaya. "IMMUNOLOGY OF MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS." INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY 24, no. 2 (2018): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.24293/ijcpml.v24i2.1323.

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Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease that causes myelin destruction in the Central Nervous System (CNS). Characteristics of this disease are perivascular infiltration by inflammatory cells, demyelination and loss of axons, accompanied by multiple plaque formation in the brain and spinal cord. According to the National Multiple Sclerosis Society, 400,000 people suffer from MS in the United States and about 2.5 million people worldwide. The disease is usually diagnosed in patients aged 20-45 years and more often found in females than males with a ratio of 2: 1. Nevertheless, the etio

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Yolanda, Ike Retno, and Kiking Ritarwan. "Case Report Multiple Sclerosis." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 10, T7 (2022): 142–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2022.9241.

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BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease in the form of chronic inflammation of the CNS. This disease is mediated by autoreactive lymphocytes that can cross the blood-brain barrier and thus enter the CNS and cause inflammation. Chronic demyelinating CNS lesions characterize multiple sclerosis, and immunity to myelin is involved. This disease predominantly attacks the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerve. The diagnosis of MS is made clinically, and there is no single definitive test for MS. The key to diagnosis is Dissemination in Space (DIS) and Dissemination in Time (DIT).

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Catenoix, H., R. Marignier, C. Ritleng, et al. "Multiple sclerosis and epileptic seizures." Multiple Sclerosis Journal 17, no. 1 (2010): 96–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1352458510382246.

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Background: The association between epilepsy and multiple sclerosis (MS) is not a coincidence. Objective: Our objective was to compare MS patients with or without history of seizures. Methods: In a population of 5041 MS patients, we identified 102 (2%) patients with epileptic seizures. In 67 patients (1.3%), epileptic seizure could not be explained by any cause other than MS. Results: In these 67 patients, the median age at occurrence of the first epileptic seizure was 33 years. Epilepsy was the initial clinical manifestation of MS in seven patients. In total, 62 patients (92.5%) presented onl

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Robertson, Carleigh. "Epigenetics of multiple sclerosis." SURG Journal 7, no. 2 (2014): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.21083/surg.v7i2.2935.

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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex disease characterized by autoimmune demyelination of the myelin sheath of the central nervous system. Varying degrees of disability result from disruptions in neural, physical, and psychological processes. No clear cause of MS has been identified, but specific genetic mutations and environmental effects have been established as factors in disease development. However, the low disease concordance rates and transmission disequilibrium observed in MS prevent genetic factors alone from explaining increased susceptibility. As a result, the involvement of epigene

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Ahmad, Dr Ausaf. "MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS: A POSSIBLE SOURCE OF MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS TREATMENT." Era's Journal of Medical Research 11, no. 1 (2024): 51–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.24041/ejmr2024.8.

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There are high hopes for stem cell therapies for tissue repair because there are currently no treatments that promote the remyelination and regeneration of the neuronal network that has been damaged by the autoimmune onslaught that is present in multiple sclerosis (MS). Because of their alleged aptitude to transdifferentiate into brain cells and their power to modulate immunological responses, It has been proposed that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) could be used to treat MS. In the present review we highlighted the possible use of MSCs in MS patients as an alternate novel option. The small num

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BELOV, S. A., F. A. KHABIROV, T. I. KHAIBULLIN, and G. M. SHARAFUTDINOVA. "Dissomnic disorders in multiple sclerosis." Practical medicine 22, no. 5 (2024): 88–92. https://doi.org/10.32000/2072-1757-2024-5-88-92.

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The article presents and summarizes the literature data on sleep disorders in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Sleep disorders are four times more common in patients with multiple sclerosis than in the general population. However, in some cases it can be difficult to determine whether fatigue is related to sleep disorders or directly to the pathogenesis of MS. Some dissomnia are significantly associated with MS: for example, the prevalence of restless legs syndrome in multiple sclerosis is higher than in the general population, and some patients with MS have symptoms similar to narcoleps

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Nikolenko, O., O. Shulga, V. Kozliuk, O. Yurko, M. Dubinets, and O. Zheshko. "Relapses In multiple sclerosis." Medicni perspektivi 24, no. 3 (2019): 87–96. https://doi.org/10.26641/2307-0404.2019.3.181888.

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Exact causes of contradictions in the understanding of relapsing course as characteristic phenomenon of multiple sclerosis (MS) and primarily relapsing-remitting type are still considered to be “sub rosa”. We tried to determine connection and correlation between seasonal dynamic factors, chronometric parameters of disease progression (age, disease duration) and frequency of relapses and the role of gender differences as well. A four-year prospective study included complete registration of all cases of MS exacerbations in resident patients with a relapsing-remmiting course of the di

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Boussamet, Léo, Muhammad Shahid Riaz Rajoka, and Laureline Berthelot. "Microbiota, IgA and Multiple Sclerosis." Microorganisms 10, no. 3 (2022): 617. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10030617.

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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neuroinflammatory disease characterized by immune cell infiltration in the central nervous system and destruction of myelin sheaths. Alterations of gut bacteria abundances are present in MS patients. In mouse models of neuroinflammation, depletion of microbiota results in amelioration of symptoms, and gavage with MS patient microbiota exacerbates the disease and inflammation via Th17 cells. On the other hand, depletion of B cells using anti-CD20 is an efficient therapy in MS, and growing evidence shows an important deleterious role of B cells in MS pathology. Howev

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Cheng, Eric M., Carolyn J. Crandall, Christopher T. Bever, et al. "Quality indicators for multiple sclerosis." Multiple Sclerosis Journal 16, no. 8 (2010): 970–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1352458510372394.

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Determining whether persons with multiple sclerosis (MS) receive appropriate, comprehensive healthcare requires tools for measuring quality. The objective of this study was to develop quality indicators for the care of persons with MS. We used a modified version of the RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method in a two-stage process to identify relevant MS care domains and to assess the validity of indicators within high-ranking care domains. Based on a literature review, interviews with persons with MS, and discussions with MS providers, 25 MS symptom domains and 14 general health domains of MS care w

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Brinar, Vesna. "Immunopathogenesis of multiple sclerosis." Acta Neuropsychiatrica 21, S2 (2009): 15–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0924270800032622.

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Abstract:Immunopathogenesis of multiple sclerosis is a complex process involving T cell mediated autoimmunity at initial stage of disease. A long standing view that Th1 cells are critical for early inflammatory development of lesions is challenging by recent findings that Th1 helper cells with Th17 phenotype are even more important. A complex autoimmunity of MS is further complicated with evidence that CD8 cells, regulatory T cells, clonal expansion of B cells, cells of myelin lineage, antibodies and complement, as well as process intrinsic to central nervous system contribute to the tissue de

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