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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Starch and total Carbohydrates”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 3 czerwca 2025

Data aktualizacji: 31 lipca 2025

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1

Hua, Baojie, Ziwei Dong, Yudan Yang, et al. "Dietary Carbohydrates, Genetic Susceptibility, and Gout Risk: A Prospective Cohort Study in the UK." Nutrients 16, no. 17 (2024): 2883. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu16172883.

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This study aimed to investigate the associations between carbohydrate intake and gout risk, along with interactions between genetic susceptibility and carbohydrates, and the mediating roles of biomarkers. We included 187,387 participants who were free of gout at baseline and completed at least one dietary assessment in the UK Biobank. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate the associations between carbohydrate intake and gout risk. Over a median follow-up of 11.69 years, 2548 incident cases of gout were recorded. Total carbohydrate intake was associated with a reduced gout risk (

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Ma, Li, Suqin Ding, Xueqing Fu, Zi Yan, and Dongqin Tang. "Enzymatic and transcriptomic analysis reveals the essential role of carbohydrate metabolism in freesia (Freesia hybrida) corm formation." PeerJ 9 (March 19, 2021): e11078. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.11078.

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Starch and sucrose metabolism plays a crucial role in the formation and development of bulbs in bulbous plants. However, these mechanisms remain unclear and unexplored in the corms of Freesia hybrida. Herein, we investigated the dynamics of the major form of carbohydrates and related enzyme activities and profiled the transcriptome of freesia corms at four developmental stages with the aim to reveal the relation between the expression of genes involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates and the accumulation of carbohydrates in corm developmental stages for further exploring the mechanism on th

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3

Khaleeluddin, Khaja, and Linda Bradford. "Dual Enzyme Method for Determination of Total Nonstructural Carbohydrates." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 69, no. 1 (1986): 162–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/69.1.162.

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Abstract Total nonstructural carbohydrates (TNC) in plant tissue are underestimated by single enzyme (a-amylase or glucoamylase) extraction and overestimated by mild acid hydrolysis. A combination of glucoamylase and mycolase degraded starch completely to glucose at 60°C and pH 4.9. This dual enzyme extraction procedure was effective in determining TNC in plant tissues that do not accumulate fructosans. The reducing sugar (mainly glucose and/or fructose) extracts produced by enzymatic digestion of plant tissue were clarified with barium hydroxide and zinc sulfate solutions and analyzed by the

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Mašková, Petra, Barbora Radochová, Zuzana Lhotáková, Jan Michálek, and Helena Lipavská. "Nonstructural carbohydrate-balance response to long-term elevated CO2 exposure in European beech and Norway spruce mixed cultures: biochemical and ultrastructural responses." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 47, no. 11 (2017): 1488–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2017-0083.

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Two dominant central European tree species (Fagus sylvatica L. and Picea abies (L.) Karst.), in a mixed culture in semi-open glass domes, were used to simulate the reaction of forests to long-term elevated CO2 (EC) in a mountainous area (Beskydy Mountains, the Czech Republic). We investigated the effects of EC on soluble carbohydrate levels and composition. Starch content was evaluated using two methods: biochemical (glucose content after enzymatic hydrolysis) and stereological (starch grain proportion, size, and number in chloroplasts). In beech and spruce foliage, no significant changes in t

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5

Palonen, Pauliina. "Relationship of Seasonal Changes in Carbohydrates and Cold Hardiness in Canes and Buds of Three Red Raspberry Cultivars." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 124, no. 5 (1999): 507–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.124.5.507.

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Canes of three field-grown cultivars of red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L. `Maurin Makea', `Ottawa', and `Muskoka') were sampled from October to April. Carbohydrate contents of canes and flower buds were analyzed, and cold hardiness (LT50) was determined by controlled freezing. Starch, sucrose, glucose, fructose, and minor amounts of raffinose and stachyose were present in both cane and bud tissues. Glucose and fructose were the predominant sugars in buds. In canes, the proportion of sucrose of all sugars was greater than in buds. Seasonal changes in carbohydrates were related to changes in cold h

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6

Marler, Thomas E. "Stem Carbohydrate Richness in Two Cycad Species." HortScience 58, no. 7 (2023): 808–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci17153-23.

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The pachycaulous stem of cycad plants enables the storage of abundant nonstructural carbohydrates. Cycas revoluta Thunb. and Zamia furfuracea L.f. stems were analyzed for starch and 15 sugars to determine carbohydrate richness. All 15 sugars were detected in both species. The tetrasaccharide stachyose and the disaccharide sucrose comprised most of the sugar content. Total sugar content of these cycad stems was 330 to 360 mg·g−1 and was similar to starch content. The stems of these two species were composed of 64% to 79% nonstructural carbohydrates. The cycad stem is ideally designed to store a

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7

Rahmawati, Atina, Agnes Murdiati, Yustinus Marsono, and Sri Anggrahini. "Changes of Complex Carbohydrates of White Jack Bean (Canavalia Ensiformis) During Autoclaving-Cooling Cycles." Current Research in Nutrition and Food Science Journal 6, no. 2 (2018): 470–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/crnfsj.6.2.21.

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The extraction of white jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis) protein isolate frequently leaves a lot of precipitates containing complex carbohydrates such as starch, dietary fiber, and resistant starch. Repeated autoclaving – cooling cycles can increase the content of soluble fiber and resistant starch. The aim of this study was to determine changes of dietary fiber and resistant starch content of complex carbohydrates of white jack bean during autoclaving-cooling cycles and characterization of its chemical composition and functional properties. The experiment was conducted by applying the autocla

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8

Lopulalalan, C. G. C., D. W. Marseno, Y. Marsono, and Y. Pranoto. "Chemical characterization, total starch, amylose and resistance starch of local cocoyam in Maluku, Indonesia." Food Research 7, no. 1 (2023): 230–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.7(1).674.

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Tubers are a potential source of carbohydrates due to their high starch composition with various benefits in the food and non-food industry. Meanwhile, cocoyam (Xanthosoma sagitofollium) is one of the tubers with high starch potential. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize the chemical properties, total starch, amylose, and resistant starch of local cocoyam from several locations in the Moluccas. These locations include Buru Island, Saparua Island and Saumlaki Island, the three locations are separated by the ocean. The starch was extracted using the wet method while the chemical analysis

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9

Graper, David, and Will Healy. "ALSTROEMERIA CARBOHYDRATE PARTITIONING." HortScience 25, no. 9 (1990): 1079f—1079. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.25.9.1079f.

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Non flowering Alstroemeria `Regina' plants were divided into aerial components: stems and apical and basal leaves or underground components: rhizome, storage roots, stele and fibrous roots. Samples were collected from distal and proximal ends of the rhizome to allow comparisons between structures of different ages. Ethanol soluble sugars were extracted and measured using HPLC. Starch was degraded to glucose using amyloglucosidase and measured.There were no age differences in the starch, total soluble sugar (TSUGAR) or total soluble carbohydrates (TCHO) in the rhizome or aerial portions of the

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10

Miller, William B., and Robert W. Langhans. "Carbohydrate Changes of Easter Lilies during Growth in Normal and Reduced Irradiance Environments." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 114, no. 2 (1989): 310–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.114.2.310.

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Abstract Changes in carbohydrate types and quantities in the bulbs, stems, leaves, and buds of Easter lilies (Lilium longiflorum Thunb. ‘Nellie White’) forced under ambient or reduced irradiance conditions were investigated. Analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) revealed that sucrose is the dominant soluble carbohydrate in bulb tissues, with glucose, fructose, and mannose present at significantly lower concentrations. During growth of the flowering shoot, mother bulb reserves are preferentially used regardless of greenhouse irradiance. Beginning 40 days after planting, ther

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11

Hagidimitriou, Marianna, and Teryl R. Roper. "Seasonal Changes in Nonstructural Carbohydrates in Cranberry." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 119, no. 5 (1994): 1029–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.119.5.1029.

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`Searles' (low yielding) and `Stevens' (high yielding) cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.) tissues were collected in 1990 and 1991 to determine the concentration of nonstructural carbohydrates in above-ground (uprights, woody stems) and below-ground tissue. Uprights had the highest total nonstructural carbohydrate (TNC) concentration, followed by woody stems, while below-ground tissue contained the lowest TNC concentration. Total nonstructural carbohydrate concentration in uprights increased early in the season, reached a maximum in late May, decreased as flowering approached, and remained

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12

Keller, John D., and Wayne H. Loescher. "Nonstructural Carbohydrate Partitioning in Perennial Parts of Sweet Cherry." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 114, no. 6 (1989): 969–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.114.6.969.

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Abstract Nonstructural carbohydrates of sweet cherry (Prunus avium L. ‘Bing’) changed dramatically both qualitatively and quantitatively during the year. In perennial tissues, total nonstructural carbohydrates (TNC) were highest at leaf abscission. TNC increased sharply in spurs at budbreak, but, in other perennial tissues, reserves decreased with or before budbreak. TNC in all but spurs were least, e.g., 2% to 4% of fall levels, shortly after full bloom, but then immediately began to increase. Accumulations slowed during the last 4 to 6 weeks of fruit growth and then increased after harvest.

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13

Lin, Hsi, and Yao-Chien Alex Chang. "Carbohydrates Are Associated with the Flowering Ability of Oncidesa Gower Ramsey ‘Honey Angel’." HortScience 59, no. 3 (2024): 348–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci17532-23.

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Oncidesa Gower Ramsey ‘Honey Angel’ is a cut flower crop of high economic value worldwide. The regulation of flowering is important for cut flower production scheduling. However, its flowering transition mechanism is still unclear. Oncidesa usually flowers at the end of the growth cycle for each pseudobulb; this timing is probably related to carbohydrate accumulation. During this study, we investigated the carbohydrates in the pseudobulbs from juvenile plants to adult plants and compared the carbohydrates in flowering and nonflowering adult plants. The current pseudobulb and back pseudobulbs o

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14

Bates, Terence R., Richard M. Dunst, and Paula Joy. "Seasonal Dry Matter, Starch, and Nutrient Distribution in 'Concord' Grapevine Roots." HortScience 37, no. 2 (2002): 313–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.37.2.313.

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Three-year-old field-grown 'Concord' (Vitis labruscana Bailey) grapevines were destructively harvested at eight growth stages during 1998 to quantify growth, carbohydrate distribution, and nutrient concentrations of different organs. The roots were the major storage organ for carbohydrates and nutrients, accounting for 84% of the starch and 75% of nitrogen stored in the vines at the beginning of the season. About 78% of the reserve starch in the vine was used for prebloom root and shoot growth. Early-season fine-root growth was a sink for stored vine nitrogen; however, the fine roots quickly b

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15

Famiani, Franco, Nicola Cinosi, and Juan Guillermo Cruz-Castillo. "Thinning and Subsequent Lateral Flowering of ‘Hayward’ Kiwifruit Vines." HortScience 60, no. 6 (2025): 981–84. https://doi.org/10.21273/hortsci18588-25.

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Manual fruit thinning is a common practice to enhance the quality of kiwifruit, yet information on its effects regarding subsequent lateral blooming remains limited. We investigated the impact of floral and fruit thinning on fruit size, dry matter, and carbohydrate accumulation. Effects on lateral blooming in the following season were also assessed. Thinning was conducted at full bloom, and 53 and 103 days after full bloom (DAFB), removing 50% of flowers or fruits. Thinning flowers or fruit at 53 or 103 DAFB resulted in increased fruit fresh and dry weights. The percentage of dry matter also r

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16

Becker, Roger L., and Richard S. Fawcett. "Seasonal carbohydrate fluctuations in hemp dogbane (Apocynum cannabinum) crown roots." Weed Science 46, no. 3 (1998): 358–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043174500089542.

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Field research was conducted to characterize hemp dogbane crown root carbohydrates, to quantify crown root lipids, and to determine seasonal fluctuation of each. The effect of day length on the release of hemp dogbane crown bud dormancy was studied in growth chambers. Total nonstructural carbohydrate (TNC) levels fluctuated with seasonal lows occurring during bud to mid-flowering and seasonal highs in fall predormancy periods. Starch was the primary storage carbohydrate, comprising up to 39.6% of crown root dry weight at the highest seasonal level. Ethanol soluble reducing sugar levels were ne

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17

Ellis, Danielle R., and Gregory L. Reighard. "EFFECT OF ROOTSTOCK AND ORCHARD FLOOR MANAGEMENT ON CARBOHYDRATE LEVELS OF `REDHAVEN' PEACH." HortScience 27, no. 11 (1992): 1167f—1167. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.11.1167f.

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Trees of `Redhaven' peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] budded to `Lovell', `Bailey', and `Nemaguard' rootstocks were grown with bahiagrass or cultivated orchard middles. Terminal shoots were collected once a month through the dormant season. `Redhaven' on `Lovell' had significantly higher levels of sucrose, sorbitol, total soluble sugars, starch and total non-structural carbohydrates than `Redhaven' on `Nemaguard'. However, there were no significant differences in any carbohydrate fraction between `Redhaven' on `Bailey' and the other rootstocks. Orchard floor management system had no significa

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18

Hatt, Heather, and Dennis R. Decoteau. "DIURNAL FLUCTUATION OF CARBOHYDRATE CONCENTRATION OF YOUNG WATERMELON PLANTS AS AFFECTED BY LIGHT QUALITY." HortScience 28, no. 5 (1993): 457f—457. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.28.5.457f.

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Young watermelon (Citrullus lanatus cv. Sugar Baby) plants were treated with end-of-day (EOD) Red (R), Far-red (FR), and Far-red followed by Red (FR/R) light for 15 minutes. Control plants had no EOD light treatment. FR light treatments influenced plant growth and development (i.e., petiole elongation, internode elongation, and reduced petiole angles). Plants were sampled every 4 hours for a 24 hour period from each light treatment. Tissues (petioles, leaves, stems, and cotyledons) were analyzed from each treatment and sampling time combination for soluble carbohydrate and starch concentration

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Larson, James E., Penelope Perkins-Veazie, Guoying Ma, and Thomas M. Kon. "Quantification and Prediction with Near Infrared Spectroscopy of Carbohydrates throughout Apple Fruit Development." Horticulturae 9, no. 2 (2023): 279. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae9020279.

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Carbohydrates play a key role in apple fruit growth and development. Carbohydrates are needed for cell division/expansion, regulate fruitlet abscission, and influence fruit maturation and quality. Current methods to quantify fruit carbohydrates are labor intensive and expensive. We quantified carbohydrates throughout a growing season in two cultivars and evaluated the use of near infrared spectroscopy (NIR) to predict apple carbohydrate content throughout changes in fruit development. Carbohydrates were quantified with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) at five timepoints between ea

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20

Ugalde, TD, and CF Jenner. "Substrate Gradients and Regional Patterns of Dry Matter Deposition Within Developing Wheat Endosperm. I. Carbohydrates." Functional Plant Biology 17, no. 4 (1990): 377. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pp9900377.

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Starch and protein content of wheat endosperm are important factors determining yield and grain quality. Experiments were conducted using microsectioning, HPLC, analysis, and radiotracer techniques to describe regional patterns of deposition of starch and protein throughout wheat endosperm, and to test whether these patterns of deposition could be due to regional patterns of substrate supply. This paper describes the distribution patterns of starch and soluble carbohydrates. Carbohydrate entered the grain as sucrose. It was transported to and through the endosperm mostly as sucrose, even thoug

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Englyst, Hans N., Jan Veenstra, and Geoffrey J. Hudson. "Measurement of rapidly available glucose (RAG) in plant foods: a potential in vitro predictor of the glycaemic response." British Journal of Nutrition 75, no. 3 (1996): 327–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19960137.

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AbstractThe glycaemic index (GI) is an in vivo measurement based on the glycaemicresponse to carbohydrate-containing foods, and allows foods to be ranked on the basis of the rate of digestion and absorption of the carbohydrates that they contain. GI values are normalizedto a reference amount of available carbohydrate and do not reflect the amounts of carbohydrate normally present in foods; for example, a food with a low content of carbohydrates will have a high GI value if that carbohydrate is digested and absorbed rapidly in the human small intestine. This is potentially confusing for a perso

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Lascano, G. J., A. J. Heinrichs, and J. M. Tricarico. "Saccharomyces cerevisiae live culture affects rapidly fermentable carbohydrates fermentation profile in precision-fed dairy heifers." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 95, no. 1 (2015): 117–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas-2014-104.

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Lascano, G. J., Heinrichs, A. J. and Tricarico, J. M. 2015. Saccharomyces cerevisiae live culture affects rapidly fermentable carbohydrates fermentation profile in precision-fed dairy heifers. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 95: 117–127. The experimental objective was to determine the dose effect of live yeast culture (YC) on rumen fermentation profiles and microbial total cell concentrations in precision-fed dairy heifers exposed to different rapidly fermented carbohydrates diets. A split-plot design with starch level as the whole plot and YC dose as sub-plot was administered in a four-period (21 d) 4×4 L

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23

Li, Weitai, Dengjing Huang, Bo Wang, et al. "Changes of starch and sucrose content and related gene expression during the growth and development of Lanzhou lily bulb." PLOS ONE 17, no. 1 (2022): e0262506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0262506.

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As the main forms of carbohydrates, starch and sucrose play a vital role in the balance and coordination of various carbohydrates. Lanzhou lily is the most popular edible lily in China, mainly distributed in the central region of Gansu. To clarify the relationship between carbohydrate metabolism and bulb development of Lanzhou lily, so as to provide a basis for the promotion of the growth and development in Lanzhou lily and its important economic value, we studied lily bulbs in the squaring stage, flowering stage, half withering stage and withering stage. The plant height, fresh weight of moth

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Samaniego-Vaesken, Maria de Lourdes, Teresa Partearroyo, Teresa Valero, et al. "Carbohydrates, Starch, Total Sugar, Fiber Intakes and Food Sources in Spanish Children Aged One to <10 Years—Results from the EsNuPI Study." Nutrients 12, no. 10 (2020): 3171. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12103171.

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Diet quality is a modifiable factor that may contribute to the onset of diet-related chronic diseases. Currently, in Spain there are no studies that examine the intakes and sources for total carbohydrates, starch, total sugar, and fiber by both children consuming all kind of milks and children regularly consuming adapted milk formulas. Our goal was to evaluate the contribution of different food groups to total carbohydrates, starch, total sugar, and fiber consumption within the EsNuPI study participants by assessing their usual intakes by applying two 24 h dietary recalls that were completed b

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PAPOUTSOGLOU (Ε.Σ. ΠΑΠΟΥΤΣΟΓΛΟΥ), E. S., and A. R. LYNDON. "In vitro comparison of hydrolysis of different starches along the digestive tract of teleosts important for aquaculture." Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society 57, no. 3 (2017): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.15040.

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The in vitro hydrolysis of different starches (potato, rice, wheat, corn, sorghum), as well as an intermediate product of malting process (brewer's spent grain), by blue tilapia, Oreochromis aureus, gilthead sea bream, Sparus aurata and European sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax, were compared (total carbohydrase assay, 37° C, pH 7.6,4 hours incubation). Obtained results (significandy higher hydrolysis levels obtained for potato, rice and sorghum starch) suggest that starch source and associated properties (starch granule size, amylose content) and modifications applied may have significant diffe

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Neumann, Mikael, Ellen Baldissera, Livia Alessi Ienke, André Martins de Souza, Paulo Eduardo Piemontez de Oliveira, and Valter Harry Bumbieris Junior. "Nutritional Value Evaluation of Corn Silage from Different Mesoregions of Southern Brazil." Agriculture 14, no. 7 (2024): 1055. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture14071055.

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Corn silage is widely used in livestock farming; however, its quality is easily altered, and one of the factors that has a high influence in this regard is the region of production. The objective was to evaluate the chemical–bromatological composition of 498 samples of corn silage from mesoregions in Southern Brazil during the 2022/2023 summer harvest. The following were studied in relation to our objective: nutritional composition, dry matter, mineral matter, ether extract, starch, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, acid detergent lignin, total digestible nutrients,

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Shainsky, Lauri J., and Cathy L. Rose. "Effects of competition on the foliar chemistry of young Douglas-fir in monoculture and mixed stands with young red alder." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 25, no. 12 (1995): 1969–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x95-212.

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The effects of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco) and red alder (Alnusrubra Bong.) densities on foliar chemistry of 4-year-old Douglas-fir were examined in experimentally manipulated stands. The density of each species was varied systematically in a two-way density matrix composed of five monoculture densities and 25 mixtures of all possible pairwise combinations of monoculture densities. Foliage was sampled in July of the second growing season and analysed for concentrations of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), starch, sugars, total nonstructural carbohydrates, and free amino acids

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Hwang, Peng, J. Creighton Miller, and B. Greg Cobb. "GENOTYPIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS ON CARBOHYDRATE DISTRIBUTION IN POTATO." HortScience 25, no. 8 (1990): 856f—856. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.25.8.856f.

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Field studies were conducted at two Texas locations: Lubbock, near the major production area for Texas potatoes, and College Station which is hotter and more humid. Early and late plantings were established at each location to compare cool and hot growing conditions. Nine genetically diverse cultivars, including those previously reported to be heat resistant or susceptible, were used in this study. Results indicated that the distribution of soluble carbohydrate and starch differed significantly among plant parts. In leaves and stems, glucose and fructose were the major soluble carbohydrates, w

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Tamminga, S., A. M. van Vuuren, C. J. van der Koelen, R. S. Ketelaar, and P. L. van der Togt. "Ruminal behaviour of structural carbohydrates, non-structural carbohydrates and crude protein from concentrate ingredients in dairy cows." Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science 38, no. 3B (1990): 513–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/njas.v38i3b.16575.

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Ruminal degradation characteristics of neutral detergent fibre (NDF), starch and crude protein (CP) in concentrate ingredients were estimated in dairy cows using nylon bag incubations. Soluble fraction (starch, CP), undegradable fraction (NDF, CP), lag time (NDF) and rate of degradation of the insoluble but degradable fraction (NDF, starch, CP) were measured and showed large variation. Based on measured and partly estimated characteristics ratio's were calculated between total rumen available CP and carbohydrates, between soluble CP and soluble carbohydrates and between insoluble rumen availab

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G Rajesh and B Vidya Vardhini. "Studies on the role of homobrassinolide on the metabolites in turmeric leaves." Magna Scientia Advanced Research and Reviews 1, no. 3 (2021): 030–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/msarr.2021.1.3.0022.

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The effect of homobrassinolide (HBL) sprayed in four different concentrations viz., viz., 0.5µM, 1.0µM, 2.0µM, and 3.0µM on the metabolites viz., chlorophyll pigments, carbohydrate fractions (reducing sugars, non-reducing sugars, total sugars and starch) and soluble proteins present in turmeric plants grown in the semi-arid tropics of Nizamabad was studied. The soil of Nizamabad is known to posses high concentrations of salt and the place is usually a semi-arid tropical area where the crops are prone to drought and salt stresses and foliar application of HBL is to ameliorate these stresses and

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Heuvel*, Justine E. Vanden. "Source-Sink Relationships in Cranberry: Effects on Carbohydrate Production and Partitioning." HortScience 39, no. 4 (2004): 761A—761. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.39.4.761a.

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Fruiting and vegetative greenhouse-grown cranberry uprights (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.) were subjected to four defoliation levels (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%) on one of three dates during the growing season. Seven days following defoliation, vines were destructively harvested and carbohydrate concentration was quantified using HPLC. Prior to new growth, defoliation did not affect the concentration of total non-structural carbohydrates (TNSC) in the uprights, or the partitioning of water-soluble (i.e., sucrose, glucose, fructose) to ethanol-insoluble (i.e., starch) carbohydrates, even though uprights w

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Whent, Monica M., Holly D. Childs, Shawn Ehlers Cheang, et al. "Effects of Blanching, Freezing and Canning on the Carbohydrates in Sweet Corn." Foods 12, no. 21 (2023): 3885. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12213885.

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Sweet corn is frequently consumed in the US and contains carbohydrates as major macronutrients. This study examined the effects of blanching, freezing, and canning on carbohydrates in sweet corn. Fresh bi-color sweet corn was picked in the field and processed immediately into frozen and canned samples. Simple sugars, starch, and dietary fiber (DF) (including total DF (TDF), insoluble DF (IDF) and two fractions of soluble DF (SDF)) were measured according to the AOAC methods. Additional glycomic analysis including oligosaccharides, monosaccharide composition of total polysaccharides (MCTP) and

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Varloud, M., A. de Fombelle, A. G. Goachet, C. Drogoul, and V. Julliand. "Partial and total apparent digestibility of dietary carbohydrates in horses as affected by the diet." Animal Science 79, no. 1 (2004): 61–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1357729800054539.

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AbstractThe study reported in this paper was conducted to evaluate the digestibility of dietary carbohydrates (‘starch and sugars’ (S), neutral-detergent fibre (NDF), acid-detergent fibre (ADF)) and organic matter (OM) in the different parts of the equine digestive tract (stomach, jejuno-ileum, caecum, right ventral colon, left ventral colon, left dorsal colon, right dorsal colon, small colon and faeces). Three horses were given a standard diet (D1) based on fibrous pellets and straw and four were offered a high energy diet (D2) based on starch pellets and meadow hay. The digesta collection pr

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Nie, Z., G. F. Tremblay, G. Bélanger, et al. "Carbohydrates in alfalfa-timothy mixtures predicted with near infrared reflectance spectroscopy equations developed for single species." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 89, no. 2 (2009): 279–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas08128.

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Our objective was to evaluate the feasibility of using near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) equations previously developed with a calibration set that included samples of both timothy and alfalfa to predict carbohydrate fractions in mixed samples of both species. Timothy and alfalfa mixed samples were prepared with the alfalfa proportion ranging from 0 to 100%, with increments of 4%. With previously developed NIRS equations based on samples of single species of timothy and alfalfa, concentrations of total ethanol soluble carbohydrates (TESC), starch, and neutral detergent soluble carb

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Hagidimitriou, Marianna, and Teryl R. Roper. "PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND CARBOHYDRATE PARTITIONING IN CRANBERRY." HortScience 27, no. 6 (1992): 654d—654. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.6.654d.

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Fruit set has been shown to be a major limiting factor in cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.) productivity. Total nonstructural carbohydrate (TNC) content is lowest during the flowering and fruit set period. This research was undertaken to determine the potential sources of carbohydrates which are important to support fruit set and fruit growth in cranberry. Fruiting uprights had lower TNC content than vegetative uprights beginning at early bloom and continuing through harvest, largely due to lower starch content. Starch from fruiting uprights is apparently remobilized to support flowering

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Felip, Olga, Antoni Ibarz, Jaume Fernández-Borràs, et al. "Tracing metabolic routes of dietary carbohydrate and protein in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) using stable isotopes ([13C]starch and [15N]protein): effects of gelatinisation of starches and sustained swimming." British Journal of Nutrition 107, no. 6 (2011): 834–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114511003709.

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Here we examined the use of stable isotopes, [13C]starch and [15N]protein, as dietary tracers to study carbohydrate assimilation and distribution and protein utilisation, respectively, by rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). The capacity of glucose uptake and use by tissues was studied, first, by varying the digestibility of carbohydrate-rich diets (30 % carbohydrate), using raw starch and gelatinised starch (GS) and, second, by observing the effects of two regimens of activity (voluntary swimming, control; sustained swimming at 1·3 body lengths/s, exercise) on the GS diet. Isotopic ratio enri

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Reighard, Gregory L., Danielle Ellis, and Charles Graham. "DORMANT SEASON CARBOHYDRATE LEVELS OF PEACH STIONS ON A SHORT LIFE SITE." HortScience 27, no. 6 (1992): 589f—589. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.6.589f.

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'Redhaven' and 'Springcrest' peach cultivars were budded to 12 rootstock selections and planted on a non-fumigated peach tree short life site. After 2 growing seasons, 2 shoots/tree (20 trees/stion) were collected in late November 1990 and again in early March 1991. Samples were immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen and later freeze dried and prepared for analysis. Total soluble sugars and starch were extracted from the shoot and quantified. No significant differences among rootstocks or cultivars were found for total soluble sugars and starch. No significant correlations were found between st

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Lakshamipathy, J. D. Adiga, D. Kalaivanan, et al. "Effect of growth regulators and micronutrients on quality parameters in cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.)." Journal of Horticultural Sciences 18, no. 1 (2023): 98–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.24154/jhs.v18i1.2152.

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Cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) is an important tropical nut crop of social and economic importance worldwide. However, the crop is threatened with the low yield. In the present study, an attempt was made to test the effects of plant growth hormones as well as micronutrients on nut and apple quality of cashew var. Bhaskara. Significant differences in kernel weight, shelling percentage, carbohydrates and starch content of cashew kernel and juice content of cashew apple were observed with the foliar application of growth hormones and micronutrients. The foliar application of ethrel @ 50 ppm i

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Casterline, James L., Carolyn J. Oles, and Yuoh Ku. "Measurement of Sugars and Starches in Foods by a Modification of the AOAC Total Dietary Fiber Method." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 82, no. 3 (1999): 759–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/82.3.759.

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Abstract A separation scheme for the determination of sugars and starch in processed food was developed. It is based on AOAC Method 985.29 for total dietary fiber with these modifications: carbohydrate starches are separated into soluble and insoluble fractions before they are hydrolyzed; acetonitrile is used instead of ethanol to separate sugars from enzyme-resistant carbohydrates, proteins, and other macromolecules; and a solid-phase extraction filter is included to remove substances that interfere with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Recovery studies indicate a &gt;97% su

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Santos, Mirelle Nayana de Sousa, Ana Maria Mapeli, and Márcia Martins Tolentino. "Carbohydrate metabolism in floral structures of Lilium pumilum in different development stages." Ciência Rural 46, no. 7 (2016): 1142–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20140956.

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ABSTRACT: Lilium pumilum is a species that stands out in floriculture for presenting orange inflorescences that attract the consumer. This study thus aimed at characterizing the carbohydrate metabolism of floral structures of L. pumilum in different development stages. For this purpose, carbohydrate levels (total soluble sugars, reducing sugars, non-reducing sugars, and starch), at different floral stages (E0 - bud with no color; E1 - bud at early coloring; E2 - orange bud; E3 - open flower; E4 - senescent flower) were quantified after extraction with ethanol. Lilium pumilum flowers showed hig

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Campos, Ricardo, and William B. Miller. "CARBOHYDRATE COMPOSITION OF PLANT ORGANS AND LEAF DIURNAL CARBOHYDRATE FLUCTUATION IN SNAPDRAGON." HortScience 28, no. 5 (1993): 521a—521. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.28.5.521a.

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The objective of this work was to determine the carbohydrate composition of snapdragon (Anthirrinum majus L.) organs, and the diurnal carbohydrate fluctuation in leaves. Particular interest was in mannitol, a polyol that occurs in snapdragon. Mannitol was present in all organs; its concentration was highest in shoot tips (68 mg/g dw) and lowest in roots (12 mg/g dw). Mature flowers had the highest soluble carbohydrate concentration (328 mg/g dw) and roots the least (45 mg/g dw). Starch concentration varied from 15 to 60 mg/g dw. An undetermined sugar was found in all organs. In the diurnal stu

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Wang, Zhongchun, and Gary W. Stutte. "The Role of Carbohydrates in Active Osmotic Adjustment in Apple under Water Stress." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 117, no. 5 (1992): 816–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.117.5.816.

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Greenhouse grown 2-year-old potted `Jonathan' apple trees (Malus domestica Borkh.) were subjected to various levels of water stress in February. Midday leaf water potential (ψW), leaf osmotic potential (ψS), soluble sugars, and starch contents of mature leaves were measured throughout the development of water stress to determine whether active osmotic adjustment could be detected and whether carbohydrates were involved. Active adjustments of 0.6 MPa were observed 3 and 5 days, respectively, after water stress was initiated. Leaf turgor potential (ψP) could not be maintained through the osmotic

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Nzima, Muntubani D. S., George C. Martin, and Chic Nishijima. "Seasonal Changes in Total Nonstructural Carbohydrates within Branches and Roots of Naturally “Off” and “On” `Kerman' Pistachio Trees." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 122, no. 6 (1997): 856–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.122.6.856.

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The objective of this investigation was to determine the dynamics of carbohydrate use as revealed by soluble sugar and starch concentration in leaves, inflorescence buds, rachises, nuts, current and 1-year-old wood, and primary and tertiary scaffold branches and roots (≤10 mm in diameter) of alternate-bearing `Kerman' pistachio (Pistachia vera L.) trees that were in their natural bearing cycles. Two hypotheses were tested. First, carbohydrate concentration is greater early in the growing season in organs examined from heavily cropping (“on”) than light cropping (“off”) trees. This hypothesis w

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Nasution, Pandapotan, Suharyanisa Suharyanisa, Manahan Situmorang, and Nurpita Putri Manihuruk. "PEMBUATAN PATI DARI RIMPANG LENGKUAS, TEMULAWAK, TEMUKUNCI SERTA KARAKTERISASINYA." JURNAL FARMANESIA 8, no. 2 (2021): 69–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.51544/jf.v8i2.2791.

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The rhizome is part of the plant for food reserves, including storing carbohydrates (starch), therefore rhizomes of Galangal, Curcuma, Fingerroot rhizome can be used as a source of starch. This study used an exploratory method which included isolation of starch from Galangal, Curcuma, Fingerroot Rhizome, macroscopic examination, microscopic examination, sample collection, sample processing, and examination of the characterization of starch. The results of starch characterization obtained yields for Galangal starch 2.6%, Curcuma starch 5.4%, Fingerroot rhizome starch 4.1%; determination of tota

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Aston, K., C. Thomas, S. R. Daley, and J. D. Sutton. "Milk production from grass silage diets: effects of the composition of supplementary concentrates." Animal Science 59, no. 3 (1994): 335–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003356100007868.

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AbstractThirty-six British Holstein-Friesian cows were offered 9 kg dry matter (DM) daily of one of 12 concentrates together with grass silage ad libitum in a cyclical change-over design experiment during lactation weeks 8 to 22. The carbohydrate source in the concentrates was either mainly starch, mainly digestible fibre or a 1:1 mixture. Each concentrate type was formulated to provide 120, 160, 200 or 240 g crude protein (CP) per kg DM and similar metabolizable energy concentration. Silage contained 142 g CP per kg DM, in vivo digestible organic matter was 0·690 kg/kg DM, pH 4·4 and ammonia-

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46

Peleja, Vanessa Leão, Poliana Leão Peleja, Túlio Silva Lara, Edgard Siza Tribuzy, and José Mauro Sousa de Moura. "Seasonality and Phosphate Fertilization in Carbohydrates Storage: Carapa guianensis Aubl. Seedlings Responses." Plants 11, no. 15 (2022): 1956. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11151956.

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The low availability of phosphorus and water in soil can promote the remobilization of carbohydrates in the plant, releasing energy to mitigate stress. In this context, our objective was to analyze the production and allocation of carbohydrates in plants of Carapa guianensis Aubl. submitted to different doses of phosphate fertilization, during the rainy and dry seasons, in the western region of Pará. We used three phosphorus dosages (0, 50, 250 kg ha−1) as treatments. We evaluated the plants during the dry and wet seasons. We quantified dry matter production, phosphorus content, total soluble

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Li, Qiang, Lin Chai, Na Tong, Hongjun Yu, and Weijie Jiang. "Potential Carbohydrate Regulation Mechanism Underlying Starvation-Induced Abscission of Tomato Flower." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 4 (2022): 1952. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23041952.

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Tomato flower abscission is a critical agronomic problem directly affecting yield. It often occurs in greenhouses in winter, with the weak light or hazy weather leading to insufficient photosynthates. The importance of carbohydrate availability in flower retention has been illustrated, while relatively little is understood concerning the mechanism of carbohydrate regulation on flower abscission. In the present study, we analyzed the responding pattern of nonstructural carbohydrates (NSC, including total soluble sugars and starch) and the potential sugar signal pathway involved in abscission re

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Marler, Thomas E., and Nirmala Dongol. "Seed Ontogeny and Nonstructural Carbohydrates of Cycas micronesica Megagametophyte Tissue." HortScience 51, no. 9 (2016): 1144–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci10986-16.

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The profile of nonstructural carbohydrates (NSC) was quantified to determine sugar and starch relationships of megagametophyte tissue during Cycas micronesica K.D. Hill seed ontogeny. Field work occurred in northern Guam where megastrobili were marked and dated as they emerged from stem apices of plants in a natural population. Seeds were harvested beginning 6 months after megastrobili emergence and continuing until 28 months, and gametophyte tissue was separated from the remainder of each seed. Carbohydrates within lyophilized gametophyte tissue were quantified by high-pressure liquid chromat

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Tsuji, Chiaki, Masako Dannoura, Dorine Desalme, et al. "Drought affects the fate of non-structural carbohydrates in hinoki cypress." Tree Physiology 42, no. 4 (2021): 784–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpab135.

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Abstract Tree species that close stomata early in response to drought are likely to suffer from an imbalance between limited carbohydrate supply due to reduced photosynthesis and metabolic demand. Our objective was to clarify the dynamic responses of non-structural carbohydrates to drought in a water-saving species, the hinoki cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa Sieb. et Zucc.). To this end, we pulse-labeled young trees with 13CO2 10 days after the beginning of the drought treatment. Trees were harvested 7 days later, early during drought progression, and 86 days later when they had suffered from a

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Ribeiro, Rafael V., Eduardo C. Machado, Gustavo Habermann, Mauro G. Santos, and Ricardo F. Oliveira. "Seasonal effects on the relationship between photosynthesis and leaf carbohydrates in orange trees." Functional Plant Biology 39, no. 6 (2012): 471. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp11277.

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To understand the effect of summer and winter on the relationships between leaf carbohydrate and photosynthesis in citrus trees growing in subtropical conditions, ‘Valencia’ orange trees were subjected to external manipulation of their carbohydrate concentration by exposing them to darkness and evaluating the maximal photosynthetic capacity. In addition, the relationships between carbohydrate and photosynthesis in the citrus leaves were studied under natural conditions. Exposing the leaves to dark conditions decreased the carbohydrate concentration and increased photosynthesis in both seasons,

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