Teses / dissertações sobre o tema "User Agreements"
Siga este link para ver outros tipos de publicações sobre o tema: User Agreements.
Crie uma referência precisa em APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, e outros estilos
Veja os 50 melhores trabalhos (teses / dissertações) para estudos sobre o assunto "User Agreements".
Ao lado de cada fonte na lista de referências, há um botão "Adicionar à bibliografia". Clique e geraremos automaticamente a citação bibliográfica do trabalho escolhido no estilo de citação de que você precisa: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
Você também pode baixar o texto completo da publicação científica em formato .pdf e ler o resumo do trabalho online se estiver presente nos metadados.
Veja as teses / dissertações das mais diversas áreas científicas e compile uma bibliografia correta.
1
Hussain, Faisal Mateen & Irfan. "Automated Analysis of End User License Agreements". Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för datavetenskap och kommunikation, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-5138.
Resumo:
Context Spyware is “computer software that obtains information from a user's computer without the user's knowledge or consent” [25]. Spyware is often embedded in another application and is usually stated in End User License Agreement (EULA) [20]. However it is quite common to accept the EULA without even reading it. Therefore beside the traditional spyware analysis techniques, automated EULA analysis can be helpful for common users in order to identify the spyware [18]. Objectives The techniques of automated EULA analysis do exist however the process of taking a binary application, analyze it, and prepare it in order to extract the EULA has not been studied in existing research. There is a need for such a tool that can extract and analyze the EULA text from an installer binary without executing it. Objectives of this research are to investigate the techniques to unpack the binary file, extract the EULA, analyze it and present the analysis results to the end user. Methods In order to establish basic understanding of the related concepts preliminary study is done. In this study a number of article sources are used, including ACM Digital Library, Compendex, Inspec, IEEE Xplore, and Springer Link. Material has been selected after reading titles and summaries. Prototype of an open source tool is designed and developed. This tool extracts the EULA from executable binary installers, analyzes the extracted text and gives suggestions about legitimate level of the software. Results To evaluate our application we downloaded 150 executables from different web sites, which were already classified as bad or good by [23]. We used our tool to extract EULA text from executables. We were able to extract EULA from 48 percent of selected binary files. Analysis of extracted EULAs was also done to classify the software as good or bad. This analysis assists the user to make a decision to accept or reject the installation of software without reading even a single word of EULA. During the extraction and analysis process there was no significant impact on performance of the host system. Conclusion We conclude that EULA can be extracted from a binary file without executing it. However because of limited time it was not possible to extract EULA from all installer binaries. The rate of EULA extraction can be improved in future research.
2
Rashid, Muhammad Usman, e Balakrishna Garapati. "Prevention of Spyware by Runtime Classification of End User License Agreements". Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för datavetenskap och kommunikation, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-3395.
Resumo:
Spyware is a threat to Internet users because it may obtain valuable information from the users’ machines without their consent. The existing anti- spyware techniques are not found to be accurate enough in the prevention or detection of spyware. According to the law in many countries, vendors are bound to mention any inclusion of spyware in the End User License Agreement (EULA) of the associated software. Moreover, this agreement must be accepted by the user to have the software installed on the user machine. Thus, if the user accepts the agreement without reading it, he or she will unknowingly accept all the regulations mentioned in the EULA. Consequently, this study emphasizes that the EULA can be used to classify the software as spyware or legitimate by using data mining algorithms. We validate our approach by implementing an application and compare it with existing EULA analysis tools.Spionprogram är ett hot mot Internet-användare, eftersom det kan få värdefull information från användarens maskiner utan deras samtycke. Den befintliga anti - spionprogram tekniker inte visat sig vara korrekta tillräckligt för att förebygga eller upptäcka spionprogram. Enligt lag i många länder, säljare är skyldiga att nämna något införande av spyware i slutanvändarens licensavtal (EULA) för tillhörande programvara. Dessutom är detta avtal måste godkännas av användaren att ha program installeras på användarens dator. Således, om användaren godkänner avtalet utan att läsa den, han eller hon kommer ovetande acceptera alla regler nämns i EULA. Följaktligen har denna studie betonar att licensavtalet kan användas för att klassificera den programvara som spionprogram eller legitima genom att använda data mining algoritmer. Vi validera vår inställning genom genomföra ett program och sedan jämföra det med befintliga EULA analysverktyg.
Muhammad Usman Rashid - 0046738958867 Balakrishna Garapati - 0046762327735
3
Gopallawa, Praveen. "Fatigue Failure Model for Local Roads in Ohio that Use Road User Maintenance Agreements Due to the Increase in Truck Traffic". Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1566389151107255.
4
Habermeier, Sabine. "Shrinkwraps & Co. - überflüssig oder genial? eine wertende Betrachtung der Verwendung von end user licence agreements im gestuften Vertrieb von Standardsoftware". Berlin wvb, Wiss. Verl, 2007. http://d-nb.info/98797209X/04.
5
Habermeier, Sabine. "Shrinkwraps & Co.-überflüssig oder genial? : eine wertende Betrachtung der Verwendung von end user licence agreements im gestuften Vertrieb von Standardsoftware /". Berlin : Wvb, Wiss. Verl, 2008. http://www.wvberlin.de/data/inhalt/habermeier.html.
6
Rafael, Diego Nogueira. "O efeito da reatância na satisfação com o convênio médico: uma análise por modelagem de equações estruturais". Universidade Nove de Julho, 2016. http://bibliotecatede.uninove.br/handle/tede/1583.
Resumo:
Submitted by Nadir Basilio (nadirsb@uninove.br) on 2017-03-31T14:29:31Z
No. of bitstreams: 1
Diego Nogueira Rafael.pdf: 940524 bytes, checksum: 7b50bcecd94daa3d3e48a730485ad712 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-31T14:29:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Diego Nogueira Rafael.pdf: 940524 bytes, checksum: 7b50bcecd94daa3d3e48a730485ad712 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-15
Currently the Brazilian health system is complex, the constitution guarantee of care to the health care of all individuals within the national territory, and the State through the Unified Health System (SUS) is responsible for this difficult task. In this context, where the state is unable to serve the entire population, private organizations have taken part in this market, offering health plans and private assistance, which is called supplementary health. In this context, the themes studied are the psychological reactance that means the negative emotional reaction generated by the total or partial lack of freedom or the expectation of freedom of an individual who once got it and the health plan user’s satisfaction. User satisfaction and psychological reactance are topics exhaustively studied by the organizations, being one of the preferred themes in the study of consumer behavior, evidently being relevant because these studies allow the strategic analysis of the companies with more accurate data, resulting in greater profitability and success of these institutions. The study was conducted by means of a quantitative method, based on the satisfaction and psychological reactance of the users of the supplementary health system with the modeling of structural equations using the SmartPLS system, in order to test the hypotheses constructed based on the theories studied. The results obtained are in agreement with the theory of reactance and satisfaction, confirming the hypotheses proposed, there being a negative relation between both for the studied sample, the lower the reactance level observed, the higher the satisfaction level declared by the users. The conclusion of the study suggests as a contribution to the practice that managers approach the relationship between health plans and their users, creating programs to prevent diseases, combat sedentarism, chronic diseases and improve the quality of life of users, obtaining a participation collaborative of both.
O sistema de saúde brasileiro é complexo e a constituição garante o atendimento e assistência à saúde de todo o indivíduo dentro do território nacional, devendo o Estado, por meio do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), ser o responsável por essa difícil tarefa. Em um cenário no qual o Estado não consegue atender toda a população, as organizações privadas tomaram para si parte desse mercado, oferecendo planos de saúde e assistência privada, os quais constituem o que é chamado de sistema de saúde suplementar. Diante desse contexto, o tema deste trabalho é o estudo da reatância psicológica, que é a reação emocional negativa gerada pela falta total ou parcial da liberdade ou da expectativa de liberdade de um indivíduo que outrora a obtinha, e a satisfação dos usuários de planos de saúde. A satisfação dos usuários e a reatância psicológica são temas exaustivamente estudados pelas organizações, sendo um dos preferidos no estudo do comportamento do consumidor, sendo esse movimento relevante pelo fato de tais estudos possibilitarem a análise estratégica das empresas, trazendo dados mais precisos, resultando em maior lucratividade e sucesso dessas instituições. O estudo foi conduzido por meio de método quantitativo, fundamentado para analisar a satisfação e a reatância psicológica dos usuários do sistema de saúde suplementar por meio da Modelagem de Equações Estruturais, usando-se o software SmartPLS, com objetivo de testar as hipóteses construídas com base nas teorias estudadas. Os resultados obtidos vão ao encontro da teoria da reatância e satisfação, confirmando as hipóteses propostas, havendo uma relação negativa entre ambas para a amostra estudada. Assim, quanto menor o nível da reatância observada, maior o nível de satisfação declarada pelos usuários. A conclusão do estudo sugere, como contribuição para a prática, que os gestores aproximem a relação dos planos de saúde com seus usuários, criando programas para a prevenção de doenças, combate ao sedentarismo, doenças crônicas e melhoraria da qualidade de vida dos usuários, obtendo uma participação colaborativa de ambos.
7
Singer, Ruth. "Agreement in Mawng : productive and lexicalised uses of agreement in an Australian language /". Connect to thesis, 2006. http://eprints.unimelb.edu.au/archive/00003242.
8
Rose, Robert T. "Asset Protection Through the Use of Premarital Agreements". Scholarship @ Claremont, 2012. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/431.
Resumo:
The number of multi-million dollar divorce settlements has been increasing rapidly in the last decade. Although Donald Trump's divorce from his first wife, Ivana, wherein $25 million was awarded to the former spouse, may have seemed like a significant sum in 1992, this amount appears quite minuscule today.1 In December of 2011, Mel Gibson's soon to be ex-wife Robyn Moore received $425 million in the couples' divorce settlement.2 In March of 2012, Frank McCourt was forced to sell his professional franchise, the Los Angeles Dodgers, in bankruptcy during his divorce proceedings with Jamie McCourt.3 It seems as if every month we hear details of another celebrity divorce settlement involving hundreds of millions of dollars, begging the obvious question: do athletes and celebrities who stand to make fortunes during a contemplated marriage, need to be more aware of the consequences of divorce and how to better protect themselves in such a case, before repeating the words "I do"?
1 Joanne Kaufman, "The Art of the Divorce," People,http://www.people.com/people/archive/article/0,20105577,00.html (accessed April 19, 2012).
2 Ken Lee, "Mel Gibson's Ex Wife Takes Half His Estimated $850 Million in Divorce Settlement," People, http://www.people.com/people/article/0,20556666,00.html (accessed April 19, 2012).
3 Stephen Dunn, "Why the McCourt Marital Agreement Failed," Forbes,http://www.forbes.com/sites/stephendunn/2011/12/14/why-the-mccourt-marital-agreement-failed/ (accessed April 19, 2012).
9
Dathathri, Arvind, e Jules Lazare Atangana. "Countering Privacy-Invasive Software (PIS) by End User License Agreement Analysis". Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Avdelningen för för interaktion och systemdesign, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-5736.
Resumo:
In our thesis we use a preventive approach to stop privacy-invasive software (PIS) from entering the system. We aim at increasing the user awareness about the background activities of the software. These activities are implicitly written in End User License Agreement (EULA). We are using a multi-layer user notification approach to increase the user awareness and help him make a good decision, which is in accordance with the European legal framework. A proof of concept tool is developed that will use the user preferences to present the EULA in a compact and understandable form thereby helping the user in deciding with the installation of a software.
10
Conroy, Sean F. "Used paper for sale are pacific settlement agreements really worth anything? /". Quantico, VA : Marine Corps Command and Staff College, 2008. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA490787.
11
Sumer, Selçuk Cemal. "The impacts of free trade agreements on use of antidumping". Master's thesis, NSBE - UNL, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/9647.
Resumo:
A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Economics from the NOVA – School of Business and EconomicsThis paper investigates the effects of bilateral trade agreements on the antidumping use. It points out the antidumping investigations and measures imposed from the 16 major members of WTO, in the recent years. It also states the increasing number of use of antidumping and its policies in developing countries. From the available data it examines the alterations of antidumping investigations initated by a developed country (the USA) and a developing country (Brazil) against their major trading partners under bilateral trade agreements. It states that if there is more or less antidumping use depending on a country being developed or developing.
12
Scharklet, Jennifer D. "Agreement between Evaluation Methods Used in Brief Experimental Analysis". TopSCHOLAR®, 2017. https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/2042.
Resumo:
Brief experimental analysis (BEA) is a well-documented analysis strategy that rapidly manipulates instructional variables to identify the most effective intervention to support a student’s academic needs. However, consensus on how BEA data should be evaluated is not evident in published BEA articles. This study investigated the agreement between evaluation methods (i.e., visual analysis, no assumptions effect size, percentage of nonoverlapping data, nonoverlap of all pairs) used in BEA. Overall, the measures of effect size resulted in a higher percentage of positive agreement with other measures of effect size, in comparison to visual analysis paired with effect size measures. Use of effect size measures also resulted in less equivalency between intervention outcomes within a BEA. These data suggest that using a measure of effect size can be a beneficial component to visual analysis; however, each measure of effect size has its own strengths and limitations and should be used cautiously when interpreting results of a BEA.
13
Niforou, Christina. "International Framework Agreements : addressing the democratic deficit of global industrial relations governance?" Thesis, University of Warwick, 2011. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/36854/.
Resumo:
International Framework Agreements (IFAs) constitute a significant attempt for the global governance of labour. IFAs are negotiated documents between global union federations and multinational companies that stipulate compliance with core labour rights and whose application extends to company operations worldwide. IFAs are a rather novel phenomenon. The first agreement was signed in 1988 while the overwhelming majority of the current total of 75 have been concluded since 2002. Although literature on IFAs is increasing, there are significant gaps on their impact in the host countries and supplier sites of the signatory companies. The thesis examines the local impact of three IFAs analyzing and assessing processes and outcomes of implementation, enforcement of compliance and monitoring. The empirical focus is on Latin America and the telecoms, energy and apparel sectors. Methodologically, the thesis adopts a comparative case study design with embedded cases while employing different methods: a small-scale survey, face-to-face interviews and internal documentation. Conceptually, the study adopts a global governance perspective borrowing notions largely established in international political economy and applying them to an industrial relations problem. The thesis finally draws a number of policy implications for global unions, multinationals and the International Labour Organization.
14
Gaines, Leonard T. "Improving software quality and management through use of service level agreements". Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2005. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/05Mar%5FGaines%5FPhD.pdf.
15
Madsen, Angelica, e Carl Nymanson. "Bör du v(AR)a rädd för framtiden? : En studie om The Privacy Paradox och potentiella integritetsrisker med Augmented Reality". Thesis, Malmö universitet, Malmö högskola, Institutionen för datavetenskap och medieteknik (DVMT), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-43868.
Resumo:
I en tid där digitaliseringen är mer utbredd än någonsin ökar också mängden data som samlas och delas online. I takt med att nya tekniker utvecklas öppnas det upp för nya utmaningar för integritetsfrågor. En aktiv användare online ägnar sig med största sannolikhet också åt ett eller flera sociala medier, där ändamålen ofta innebär att dela med sig av information till andra. Eftersom tekniken Augmented Reality används mer frekvent i några av de största sociala medieapplikationerna blev studiens syfte att undersöka potentiella integritetsproblem med Augmented Reality. Studiens tillvägagångssätt har bestått av en empirisk datainsamling för att skapa ett teoretiskt ramverk för studien. Utifrån detta har det genomförts en digital enkät samt intervjuer för att närmare undersöka användarens beteende online och The Privacy Paradox. Utifrån undersökningens resultat kunde The Privacy Paradox bekräftas och ge en bättre förståelse för hur användaren agerar genom digitala kanaler. I studien behandlas olika aspekter kring integritetsfrågor såsom användarvillkor, sekretessavtal, datamäklare, framtida konsekvenser och vad tekniken möjliggör. Studien kommer fram till att användare, företaget och dagens teknik tillåter att en känsligare information kan utvinnas genom ett dataintrång. Även om det ännu inte har inträffat ett dataintrång som grundat sig i Augmented Reality före denna studie, finns det en risk att det endast handlar om en tidsfråga innan detta sker.In a time when digitalization is more widespread than ever, the amount of data collected and shared is increasing. As new technologies develop, challenges for privacy concerns arises. An active online user is likely to engage in one or many social media platforms, where the purpose often involves sharing information with others. Since Augmented Reality is more frequently supported in some of the biggest social media applications, the purpose of this study was to investigate potential privacy concerns with Augmented Reality. The study’s approach consisted of an empirical data collection to create a theoretical framework for the study. Based on this, a digital survey and interviews were conducted to further investigate the user's behavior online and The Privacy Paradox. Based on the results of the survey, The Privacy Paradox could be confirmed and a better understanding of how the user interacts through digital channels was achieved. The study treats different aspects of privacy concerns such as user terms, privacy policies, data brokers, future consequences and what technology enables. The study reached the conclusion that users, businesses and today's technology allow a more sensitive type of information to be collected through a data breach. Even if there has not yet occurred a data breach enabled by Augmented Reality prior to this study, there is a risk that it is only a matter of time until this happens.
16
MacDonald, Roberick. "The use of planning agreements by district councils in England and Wales". Thesis, Oxford Brookes University, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.363448.
17
Wedel, Chad R., e Andrew T. Michalowicz. "Recommendations and privacy requirements for a bring-your-own-device user policy and agreement". Thesis, Monterey, California: Naval Postgraduate School, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/45270.
Resumo:
Approved for public release; distribution is unlimitedThe purpose of a bring-your-own-device (BYOD) program is to increase productivity as it allows individuals to access and manipulate data from non-traditional workplaces to support mission requirements. The United States Marine Corps(USMC) has started a pilot BYOD program, but a user policy for the USMC BYOD program has not yet been identified, despite the driving force that policy has on final implementation and potential acceptance. Therefore, this thesis answers the question, is it possible to develop a BYOD user policy for the USMC that minimizes risk for all parties while allowing for the intended flexibility? Three case studies were conducted on organizations that have implemented BYOD programs, comparing user policies and best practices to mitigate risks and address user privacy concerns. The case studies were also compared with governing Department of Defense instructions and National Institute of Standards and Technology guidance to identify a baseline of applicable security controls to formulate a viable user policy and agreement to support USMC security requirements. This thesis found that a clearly articulated user agreement tailored to the USMC’s technological solution can be written to support the successful implementation of its BYOD program to ensure the benefits outweigh the potential risks.
18
Krueger, Jonathan P. "Explaining regime content : the use of trade restrictive measures in multilateral environmental agreements". Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2000. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1606/.
Resumo:
One of the central preoccupations of international relations scholars is to explain and elaborate the conditions under which international co-operation will occur. In particular, the 'international regimes' literature investigates how states attempt to manage collective action problems such as threats to the global environment. While there has been much progress in our understanding of the conditions required for the formation and maintenance of regimes, the question of regime content - also known as regime properties or institutional design - has been neglected. A second aspect of international co-operation yet to be fully treated is issue linkage. How does one regime - and its provisions - interact with another. The thesis addresses these issues by investigating a specific question: under what conditions will trade restrictive measures be incorporated into a multilateral environmental agreement (MEA). In addition to the regime analysis literature, I draw upon the 'trade and environment' literature on the interaction between trade policy and environmental policy to strengthen the analytical framework. The debate regarding potential conflicts between the rules of the World Trade Organization and the trade measures employed in various MEAs is particularly useful. A review of the contributions and gaps of the relevant literatures provides the basis for selecting four factors - power, costs and benefits, knowledge, and institutional forum - that are used to answer the research question. The use of trade restrictions is examined in the two pre-UNCED MEAs that are most clearly at the intersection of trade and environment: the 1987 Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer and the 1989 Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes. The thesis then extends the analysis to consider the future of trade restrictive measures in MEAs by applying the conclusions drawn from the two in-depth case studies to two post-UNCED MEAs: the 1998 Rotterdam Convention for Certain Hazardous Chemicals and Pesticides in International Trade and the planned Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety. It is found that while power, costs and benefits, and institutional forum contribute in different degrees to understanding the factors influencing regime content, traditional knowledge-based regime analysis approaches fail to do so. Thus, a broader approach to examining the role of knowledge - analysing the influence of the Dominant Social Paradigm - is employed and demonstrated to have strong explanatory power.
19
Prosser, Thomas. "The implementation of 'new phase' European social dialogue agreements and texts in European member states". Thesis, University of Warwick, 2009. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/3781/.
Resumo:
The research evaluates the implementation of the Framework Agreements on Telework and Work-related Stress in Belgium, Denmark, UK, and Czech Republic and in the banking and local Government sectors within these countries. Further, it evaluates the various factors that explain divergent implementation outcomes in countries and sectors. It develops two benchmarks to assess the efficacy of the Agreements as modes of European social partner ‘soft’ law governance; a benchmark that assesses the procedural implementation of the Agreements, and a benchmark that assess the substantive implementation of the Agreements. A multi-level governance theoretical approach is also adopted. It emerged that ‘effective’ procedural implementation of the Agreements largely occurred in Belgium and Czech Republic, but did not occur to the same degree in Denmark and UK. It also emerged that the substantive effect of the Agreements was patchy and that the substantive impact of the Telework Agreement was greater than that of the Work-related Stress Agreement. Although structural factors were important in explaining divergent implementation outcomes, it also emerged that it was primarily policy and actor related factors that explained divergent national and sectoral implementation outcomes. The research ends with a rather skeptical evaluation of the Agreements as modes of European social partner ‘soft’ law governance.
20
Pelc, Krzysztof J. "The cost of wiggle-room on the use of flexibility in international trade agreements /". Connect to Electronic Thesis (CONTENTdm), 2009. http://worldcat.org/oclc/463166578/viewonline.
21
Johansson, Maria, e Chatrine Karlsson. "Genomförandeavtal : Innehåll och reglering av avtal". Thesis, Högskolan Väst, Avdelningen för data-, elektro- och lantmäteriteknik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-7747.
Resumo:
Genomförandeavtal är ett civilrättsligt avtal med offentligrättslig grund. Ingen lag behandlar upprättandet av genomförandeavtal, däremot har kommunen och exploatören stöd från bland annat plan- och bygglagen (PBL) och lagen om offentlig upphandling (LOU) vid upprättande av avtal. I tidigare studier har problematiken angående bristande lagstiftning gällande upprättandet av genomförandeavtal diskuterats. Det primära syftet är att analysera sex genomförandeavtal i Västra Götalands län. Granskningen bygger på en textanalys, det vill säga en kvalitativ metod för att få en djupare förståelse i hur avtalen skrivs. En sammanställning görs för att få en bra överblick över de olika bestämmelserna i avtalen. De tre frågeställningar som besvaras i studien avser vad kommunen och exploatören reglerar i avtalen, vad som eventuellt saknar lagstöd samt om planen genomförs. Resultatet i studien visar att två av de sex avtal som har ingått i studien är mindre detaljerade medan de andra fyra är utförligare. Efter granskning av avtal i studien kan en slutsats dras att grundläggande information om exempelvis parter, exploateringsområde och köpeskilling finns med i alla avtalen. Gemensamt för avtalen är också att vissa formuleringar är opreciserade och därför svåra att tolka samt att alla avtalen saknar bestämmelser angående vilka konsekvenser som blir om delar av avtalen inte genomförs. Avtalen innehåller även villkor som eventuellt saknar lagstöd. Det visade sig också att områdena i princip utformades enligt detaljplanerna.Implementation Agreement is a civil contract with public legal basis. No law deals with establishing the implementing agreement, however, the municipality and the developer support from, among other things, the Planning and Building Act (PBA) and the Public Procurement Act (LOU) on the formation of contracts. In previous studies, the problem regarding the lack of legislation regulating the establishment of implementation agreements has been discussed. The primary purpose is to analyze six executive agreements in California. The review is based on a text analysis, i.e. a qualitative method to gain a deeper understanding of how contracts are written. A compilation is done to get a good overview of the various provisions of the agreements. The three questions answered in this study refers to what the municipality and the developer regulate in the agreements, what possibly has no legal basis and also if the plan is implemented. The results of the study show that two of the six contracts that have been included in the study are less detailed, while the other four are more detailed. After reviewing the agreement in the study, a conclusion is drawn that basic information such as parties, exploitation area and the purchase price is included in all contracts. In common for the agreements are also that some formulations are imprecise and therefore difficult to interpret. The agreements also contain conditions that may lack legal support. It was also found that the area were basically designed according to detailed plans.
22
Postigo, Antonio. "Production networks and regionalism in East Asia : firms and states in the bilateral free trade agreements of Thailand and Malaysia". Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2013. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/772/.
Resumo:
Investment and trade flows across East Asia during the last three decades have fostered the development of production networks and economic integration. However, only since the turn of the century, have East Asian countries begun to institutionalize such integration through free trade agreements (FTAs). With the exception of Japan, the literature portrays East Asian FTAs as driven by political elites on primarily foreign policy motivations and with marginal participation of businesses in their formulation and utilization. Most of these narratives have, however, overlooked endogenous sources of trade preferences, shortcoming that this Thesis attempted to correct by analyzing how FTAs fit within the strategies of states and firms. The project investigated the mutual interaction between evolving trends within East Asian production networks and states’ and firms’ preferences on FTA liberalization using as case studies the bilateral FTAs negotiated by Thailand and Malaysia within the context of key production networks, particularly the automotive industry. Research involved extensive process-tracing through semi-structured interviews and trade data analyses. The main findings of this dissertation were: 1) Compared to multilateral liberalization, greater technical complexity and easier assessment of impacts in bilateral FTA negotiations resulted in more intense government-business consultations and corporate lobbying. Successive FTA negotiations strengthened the technical capacities of bureaucrats and firms and prompted the emergence of new institutional structures for intermediation and coordination among all actors; 2) Sectors that had successfully lobbied ex-ante for FTA liberalization and/or benefited from unilateral liberalization schemes have made extensive utilization of FTAs; 3) Governments and firms in both countries sought and extracted selective rents in FTAs to improve their relative position not only with respect to states and firms outside the bloc but also inside, and; 4) The interplay between overlapping FTA areas and the investment sunk in them shaped governments’ and firms’ positions on further FTA liberalization.
23
Tärnell, Ellinor. "Markanvisning för friliggande förskolor som uppförs och bedrivs av privata aktörer : Hur säkerställs att förskoleverksamheten upprätthålls?" Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Samhällsbyggnad, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-32933.
Resumo:
Kommunerna har det yttersta ansvaret för att det finns tillräckligt med antal skolplatser inom den enskilda kommunen. En kommun som äger mark och har ett behov av fler förskoleplatser kan genom en markanvisning hantera frågan om överlåtande av bebyggelsen och driften till privat aktör och också samtidigt säkerställa att kommunens krav på service upprätthålls av den privata aktören. Uppsatsen syftar till att undersöka hur kraven på kommunal förskoleservice kan säkerställas utifrån att kommunen tillämpar markanvisning för friliggande förskolor som uppförs och bedrivs av privata aktörer. För detta studeras val av markanvisningsmetod, krav som bör ställas på den privata aktören samt lämpliga utvärderingskriterier att tillämpa vid val av byggherre. Metoden är uppdelad i tre olika studier - litteraturstudie, enkätstudie och intervjustudie. I syfte att stärka resultatet har triangulering tillämpats där kvalitativ och kvantitativ metod kombinerats. Enkäten besvarades av 104 kommuner och intervjustudien hölls med kommunerna: Helsingborg, Härryda, Trelleborg och Växjö. Resultatet av studien visar på att det inte finns någon universalmetod för markanvisning av friliggande förskolor. Resultatet visar även att i dessa sammanhang ställer kommunerna olika krav på byggherrarna och vid val av byggherre tillämpas olika utvärderingskriterier som viktas olika mot varandra. Studien har dock gett förslag på att vid tilldelning av mark för friliggande förskolor bör kommunerna, om möjligheten finns, tillämpa anbud med jämförelseförfarande eller markanvisningstävling. Vidare har studien gett förslag på några grundläggande krav som alltid bör ställas i dessa sammanhang och även fyra utvärderingskriterier. Vid viktning bör genomförbarheten och verksamheten utgöra de två viktigaste kriterierna och att pris bör tillämpas med försiktighet i dessa sammanhang. För att säkerställa och minska risken för att kommunen i framtiden behöver överta driften ska det utformas tydliga avtalskrav som realiserar kraven som ställts på byggherren och som säkerställer genomförbarheten samt en långsiktigt privat drift.The municipalities have the ultimate responsibility for ensuring that there is a sufficient number of places at schools within the individual municipality. A municipality that owns land and has a need for more preschool places can, through a land allocation, handle the issue by transferring the buildings and operation to a private operator. By doing so they can at the same time ensure that the municipality's service requirements are maintained by the private operator. This thesis aims to investigate how the requirements for municipal preschool services can be ensured on the basis that the municipality applies land guidelines for detached preschools erected and run by private actors. For this the following was studied: choice of land allocation method, requirements that should be placed on the private operator and appropriate evaluation criteria to apply when selecting a builder. The method is divided into three different studies - literature, questionnaire, and interview study. In order to strengthen the result, triangulation has been applied where qualitative and quantitative methods are combined. The questionnaire was answered by 104 municipalities and the interview study was held with the municipalities: Helsingborg, Härryda, Trelleborg, and Växjö. The results of the study revealed that there is no universal method for land allocation for detached preschools. The result also shows that in these contexts the municipalities have different expectations on the builders and when selecting a builder different evaluation criterion are applied, which are weighted differently against each other. However, the study has suggested that when allocating land for detached preschools, the municipalities should, if possible, apply tenders with a comparative presentation or a ground instruction competition. Furthermore, the study has suggested some basic requirements that should always be set in these contexts and also four evaluation criteria. In weighting, feasibility and operations should be the two most important criteria, and that price should be applied with caution in these contexts. In order to ensure and reduce the risk that the municipality will have to take over operations in the future, clear contract requirements must be drawn up that realize the requirements that have been set by the developer and that ensure feasibility and long-term private operation.
24
Amodu, Tola. "The transformation of planning agreements as regulatory instruments in land-use planning in the twentieth century". Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2007. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/2401/.
Resumo:
This thesis assesses critically the role and function of planning agreements as regulatory instruments in the context of land-use control from a historical perspective. By adopting Hancher and Moran's heuristic of regulatory space, the origins of the practice and its development over time are considered against the backdrop of the evolving planning system in England and Wales. The objectives are to identify the various actors present and mechanisms used to regulate agreements and from this to understand more generally the implications of a use of contractual practices for regulatory purposes. Emphasis will be placed on the techniques used by Government in regulating the practice. Whilst established by statutory provision, agreements will be shown to be defined by many actors within a broad policy space and regulated also by those actors in a number of ways. Regulation will be seen to encompass far more than state-sponsored activity and extend a use of many strategies only one of which is law.
25
van, Coller-Peter Salome. "The use of coaching to obtain agreement regarding the preferred culture within an executive team". Thesis, Middlesex University, 2007. http://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/2661/.
26
South, Brian N. "Paraprofessionals' Use of Direct Behavior Rating for Collecting Functional Behavior Assessment Data| Agreement and Acceptability". Thesis, Alfred University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10687657.
Resumo:
This paper reviews existing literature on Functional Behavior Assessment (FBA) and the benefits and challenges associated with conducting the cornerstone of behavioral observation, Systematic Direct Observation (SDO), in schools. It also presents literature on Direct Behavior Rating (DBR) and its application to conducting an FBA. The purpose of this study was to evaluate paraprofessionals’ ability to generate believable data using DBR to assess functional relationships relative to SDO and to examine their perceptions regarding DBR’s acceptability. In the study, paraprofessionals (n = 7) observed the behavior of 16 students in their classroom setting and then completed DBR ratings of disruptive behavior and four potential consequences (adult attention, peer attention, escape/avoidance, access to tangibles). Concurrently, an expert observer collected SDO data using a combination of a 15-second partial interval recording system and frequency count. Estimates of the true occurrence of disruptive behavior and the percentage of disruptive behavior met with each consequence were calculated based upon the SDO data. Differences in agreement between the DBR and SDO data were examined to obtain an understanding of the degree of association between the two observation methods. The results of this study indicated strong levels of agreement between the DBR and SDO data for overall disruptive behavior. However, despite a visual analysis of the data that suggested similar conclusions would be reached regarding the function of the disruptive behavior, weaker levels of agreement were found regarding the similarity of the data for each of the consequence targets. Results did indicate paraprofessionals perceived DBR to be an acceptable tool for collecting data related to functional contingencies. Guidelines for implementing DBR when conducting an FBA, limitations of the study, and suggested directions for future research are discussed.
27
Chaengchenkit, Rangsiya. "Explaining optionality in the use of English tense and agreement morphology by native speakers of Thai". Thesis, University of Essex, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.531562.
28
Casey, Shannon Kerry. ""Agreement" in gestures and signed languages : the use of directionality to indicate referents involved in actions /". Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3094623.
29
Kornfeld, Hannah. "After the Paris Agreement: How India Can Use Climate Financing to Implement a Sustainable Clean Cookstove Program". DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2016. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1590.
Resumo:
The burning of biomass for cooking purposes without proper ventilation and filters poses a massive health and climate risk. Health implications from exposure to household air pollution from this type of fuel impacts women and children in many developing countries, who spend many hours a day cooking and gathering fuel. Climate implications from burning solid biomass results in increased carbon dioxide and black carbon emissions, which contribute to global climate change. This thesis aims to explore the issues associated with biomass cookstoves in terms of both health and climate, and seeks to understand how a new national clean cookstove program could be funded in India. This includes potential partnerships with United States agencies, nonprofit organizations, and other international funding sources. The topic of clean cookstoves has gained traction as a strategy to mitigate emissions and adapt to a changing climate, and with the recent passing of the United Nations Paris Agreement, funding is increasing to support programs that address climate impacts.
30
McIntosh, Clifford Joe. "An Analysis of the Use of Gift Annuity Agreements at Selected United States Colleges and Universities for the Period 1988-93". Thesis, University of North Texas, 1995. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc277763/.
Resumo:
The objective of this research was to describe the extent to which Gift Annuity Agreements were used by United States higher education institutions in raising private philanthropic support during the period 1988-93.
31
Below, Maureen C. "Examining the Distinction and Concordance between Implicit Measures of Alcohol Expectancies: Toward Agreement on Their Meaning and Use". [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2007. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002270.
32
Hedman, Linnea. "Epidemiological studies of asthma and allergic diseases in teenagers methodological aspects and tobacco use /". Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Umeå university, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-31292.
33
Mildwaters, Kenneth Charles. "Joint operating agreements : a consideration of legal aspects relevant to joint operating agreements used in Great Britain and Australia by participants thereto to regulate the joint undertaking of exploration for petroleum in offshore areas, with particular reference to their rights and duties". Thesis, University of Dundee, 1990. https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/5dcad35d-c9b3-4bc7-9f71-79e19ba06d80.
Resumo:
This thesis examines the joint venture relationship in the context of the exploration phase of the development of an oil and gas field in Great Britain and Australia. It considers a number of issues relating to the relationship between the Participants of a typical Joint Operating Agreement within the legal regimes of Great Britain and Australia. Against this background the main issues addressed in this thesis are- 1. the nature of the joint venture?; 2. the relationship between the Participants inter se; and 3. the relationship between the Operator and the Participants. In addressing these issues the following questions are addressed: - (i) what is a joint venture?; (ii) is a joint venture a separate legal relationship?; (iii) how is a joint venture distinguished from a partnership?; (iv) what is the relationship between the participants inter se?; (v) what rights does a participant of a joint venture have in relation to the joint venture and the other participants of a joint venture?; (vi) what interest, contractural or proprietary, does a participant of a joint venture have in the joint venture and the property thereof?; vii) what duties does a participant of a joint venture have to the joint venture and the other participants of the joint venture?; and (viii) what is the legal position when a participant of a joint venture defaults in complying with its duties?
34
Kgomotso, Phemo Karen. "Global environmental agreements and local livelihoods : how the internationalisation of environmental resources shapes access to and control over wetland resources in the Okavango Delta, Botswana". Thesis, University of Sussex, 2011. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/38451/.
Resumo:
This thesis examines how global environmental crisis narratives and discourses have influenced environmental policy and practice in conservation programmes for the Okavango Delta, Botswana. In particular, it highlights the contested nature of biodiversity conservation and the embedded power relations in the framing, definition and crafting of solutions to the problem of biodiversity degradation at local, national and international levels. The thesis therefore examines, based on these framings, the consequences of global environmental agreements, such as the Ramsar Convention and the UN Convention on Biological Diversity, for local livelihoods in terms of access to and control over local environmental resources in the Okavango Delta. Using a political ecological conceptual lens and related literature on common pool resource management and community-based natural resource management, this thesis traces the changing perceptions, narratives and discourses relating to the Okavango Delta over time, and assesses how these have shaped changes in policy for the Delta's use and management. It specifically analyses the implementation of international programmes and their role in facilitating these changes. Through an in-depth study of dynamic human-environment interactions around fisheries and other wetland resources, this thesis shows how international interventions have not only increased conflicts but also facilitated the strict regulation of these resources. The thesis therefore analyses how framing these and other common pool resources as being of ‘international significance' alters control over them and affects the livelihood security of the local people that depend on these resources. It concludes that such restrictive conservation policies and management approaches have led to a transfer of control over wetland resources from local subsistence users to other, more powerful, commercial interests, especially those in the international tourism industry.
35
Guedes, Gonçalo Miguel Carvalho. "Classificação das locações na McDonald´s Portugal : transição para a norma ASC 842, mudanças e impacto no relato financeiro". Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/19731.
Resumo:
Mestrado em Contabilidade, Fiscalidade e Finanças EmpresariaisA partir de 1 de janeiro de 2019, as novas normas contabilísticas relativas aos contratos de locação do IASB (IFRS 16) e do FASB (ASC 842) exigiram que praticamente todas as locações fossem reconhecidas no balanço, como ativo (direito de uso) e passivo (dever de pagamento), sendo previamente testados e classificados como operacionais ou financeiros. A Sistemas McDonald's Portugal, Lda., reporta com base em dois normativos: o local (SNC) e o americano (US GAAP). Como tal, foi obrigada a alterar a forma de contabilização dos seus contratos de locação neste último normativo. Este projeto teve como objetivo entender quais as principais alterações ao nível contabilístico e de processos, como consequência da adoção da norma ASC 842, bem como analisar o impacto da mesma nas demonstrações financeiras da empresa no primeiro semestre de 2019. A empresa teve a necessidade de ajustar os processos existentes para corresponder às exigências da nova norma. A aplicação desta norma teve um grande impacto quer no balanço, onde ocorreu um grande incremento do ativo e do passivo, quer na demonstração de resultados onde a empresa registou um gasto superior com as locações, ao contrário do que aconteceria se se regesse pelo normativo anterior. Também os rácios de Autonomia Financeira e Rentabilidade Operacional dos Ativos foram afetados negativamente.
Since January 1st 2019, the new accounting standards for lease agreements from IASB (IFRS 16) and FASB (ASC 842) required all leases to be recognized in the balance sheet as assets (right of use) and liabilities (payment obligation), being previously tested and classified as operational or financial. Sistemas McDonald's Portugal reports based on two accounting standards: local (SNC) and US (US GAAP). As such, it was required to change the way its lease agreements were accounted for in US book (US GAAP). This project aimed to understand the main accounting and process changes, as a result of the adoption of ASC 842, as well as to analyze its impact on the company's financial statements in the first half of 2019. The company had to adjust existing processes to meet the requirements of the new standard. This application had a great impact both on the balance sheet, where there was a large increase in assets and liabilities, and in the income statement where the company recorded a higher expense with leases than in the old standard. Also the Financial Autonomy and Operating Return on Assets ratios were negatively affected.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
36
Hara, Chimango. ""Co-management agreements with subsistence fishing communities as a means for promoting sustainable use and conservation of marine living resources in South Africa"". University of the Western cape, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5400.
37
Toney, Leslie-Ann C. Robertson. "EXAMINING THE VALIDITY OF THE LIFE HISTORY CALENDAR". UKnowledge, 2005. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_theses/391.
Resumo:
This study examined validity of the Life History Calendar by comparing retrospective and prospective reports of adolescent substance use. Agreement was calculated using kappa and phi coefficients for dichotomous variables, and Bivariate correlations for average substance use. Effects of potential personality, psychopathology, and demographic moderators on agreement were assessed through hierarchical regression analyses and curvilinear relations determined. Results reflected moderate agreement between retrospective and prospective reports of substance use, moderated by personality and psychopathology variables, particularly Agreeableness, symptoms of antisocial personality disorder, and symptoms of substance abuse. Agreement between retrospective and prospective reports was adequate for reports of alcohol and marijuana use for at least six years after initial reports of use. Agreement for cigarette reports was adequate a year after initial reporting.
38
Carneiro, Thiago Jabur. "Contribuição ao estudo do contrato de licença de uso de marca". Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2132/tde-03092012-105804/.
Resumo:
O escopo da presente tese reside na análise do contrato de licença de uso de marca à luz da Lei 9.279/96 e do Código Civil de 2002, bem como os efeitos jurídicos daí decorrentes, sobretudo na ambiência do direito pátrio. Sinaliza, por igual, que o tema em questão carece de análise mais depurada em torno dos princípios e cláusulas gerais de direito contratual arraigados ao diploma civil em vigor, dada a sua complexidade e a ampla gama de institutos de Direito Civil e Comercial que encerra, além dos elementos econômicos indissociáveis da realidade jurídica que o permeia. São objetos do presente estudo as matérias que circunscrevem a órbita dos contatos de licença de uso de marca e que, portanto, são indispensáveis à compreensão e à análise crítica do instituto, para o qual se recorre ao Direito Estrangeiro e ao amplo exame da jurisprudência pátria. Na esteira dos objetivos da presente tese, fá-se, ainda, análise das evoluções legislativa, doutrinária e jurisprudencial dispensadas ao instrumento contratual em exame. São externalizados, por igual, debates acerca das novas tendências de tratamento do tema no Direito alienígena e no Brasil, sobretudo em relação à aplicação dos dispositivos consignados na Lei 9.279/96 e outros dispositivos normativos consignados no Código Civil vigente, em cujo diploma houve a unificação do direito obrigacional. A delimitação dos preceitos jurídicos aplicáveis aos contratos de licença de marca ainda remanesce pendente de assentamento no Brasil, em função da atipicidade desta figura contratual de direito industrial. Por fim, com respaldo no princípio da função social do contrato, apresenta-se recomendação no sentido de se reformatar redação de dispositivo normativo consignado na legislação marcária vigente, de tal sorte a harmonizá-lo ao princípio contratual em referência.The scope of this thesis is the analysis of the Trademark License Agreement in the light of Law 9.279/96 (Brazilian Industrial Property Law) and the Civil Code of 2002, as well as the legal consequences arising therefrom, especially under the national legal system. This work equally indicates that the agreement under review requires further investigation on the principles and provisions of general contract law rooted in civil code in force, given its complexity and wide range of institutes of Civil and Commercial Law, as well as indissoluble economic elements of the legal reality which permeates it. The topics that limit the orbit of the Trademark License Agreement are objects of this study and are, therefore, essential for the understanding and critical analysis of the institute, for which we will also run over the international law and comparative jurisprudence. In the wake of the goals of the current thesis, it is intended to proceed with the examination of legislative, doctrinal and jurisprudential developments with regard to the juridical instrument under consideration. Debates concerning the new trends in treatment of the subject under the International and Brazilian Law are also mentioned, especially in relation to the application of the general principles of Contract Law and other regulations established by the current Civil Code, in which there was the amalgamation of the Obligation Law. The demarcation of the civil principles applicable to the Trademark License Agreements still remains pending consolidation in Brazil, due to the newly and still embryonic civil legislation, as may be largely understood from this study. Finally, in accordance with the social function principle, there is recommendation in order to rewrite an article set forth by the current trademark law, with the aim to harmonize the modified article with the afore said principle.
39
Serra, Ana Paula Gonçalves. "Método para identificação de parâmetros de qualidade de serviços aplicados a serviços móveis e interativos". Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3141/tde-26072007-175442/.
Resumo:
Atualmente, os usuários desejam obter, fornecer, compartilhar e interagir com informações e serviços com conteúdo multimídia em qualquer lugar, a qualquer momento e com qualquer dispositivo. Para que isso seja possível, um dos grandes desafios é assegurar a QoS (Quality of Service) fim a fim (entre o usuário final e a organização provedora de serviço) para a disponibilização de serviços móveis e interativos com conteúdo multimídia para os usuários finais. Em geral esse tipo de serviço têm maior exigência de QoS, pois além dos parâmetros de redes, possuem parâmetros específicos para áudio, imagem e vídeo, além de exigirem sincronização de áudio e vídeo, e a QoS fim a fim deve considerar parâmetros de QoS sob a percepção do usuário final. Com isso, o objetivo deste trabalho é propor um método para o levantamento de parâmetros de QoS para o estabelecimento de USLAs (User Service Level Agreements - Acordo do Nível de Serviço do Usuário) entre a organização provedora de serviço e o usuário final para serviços móveis e interativos com conteúdo multimídia em um ambiente de convergência tecnológica. O método consiste em quatro passos: 1. identificação do serviço a ser oferecido ao usuário final e elaboração de um grafo em árvore, que tem como objetivo identificar outros serviços que podem compor o serviço a ser oferecido ao usuário final; 2. mapeamento dos parâmetros de QoS em um metamodelo; 3. validação do metamodelo, para que se possa extrair do metamodelo os parâmetros de QoS; 4. elaboração do USLA. Este trabalho propõe um primeiro passo para solucionar a falta de métodos padronizados para o estabelecimento de USLA para serviços móveis e interativos com conteúdo multimídia sob a percepção do usuário final. Além de facilitar a identificação e composição de serviços e parâmetros, por meio de um metamodelo que proporciona a integração de classes de serviços que podem ser facilmente reutilizadas e customizadas, de acordo, com o tipo de serviço oferecido pela organização provedora de serviço e pela necessidade do usuário final.In these days the final users wish to obtain, to furnish and to interact using interactive services with multimedia content anywhere, anytime and with any kind of user device. One of the biggest challenges is to assure the End-to End Quality of Service (E2E QoS) in the delivering of the interactive and multimedia services for moving users. In general, this kind of users have more strict requirements needs, because, besides of the computer network parameters, they need specify specific parameters like sound, image and video and their synchronization, on the users\' point of the view - perceived QoS. The main objective of this thesis is to present the application of a method for eliciting the E2E QoS parameters aiming the establishment of the User Service Level Agreement - USLA between the service provider and the final user applied to interactive and mobile services with multimedia content, inserted on a technological convergence environment. The method is a four steps method that consists of (1) an identification of the service to be offered to the final user and the elaboration of a tree graph aiming the identification of the composition of the service by other services (2) mapping the QoS parameters in a metamodel (3) validation of the metamodel, and extraction of the E2E QoS parameters (4) elaboration the USLA. This thesis proposes a first step to solve the lack of standardized methods for the establishment of the USLA for interactive and mobile services with multimedia content under the users\' perception. Besides of facilitating the identification and the composition of services and parameters, using a metamodel, that provides the integration of classes of services, that can be easily reused and customized, according, with the type of service offered for the service provider to the final user.
40
Bergonia, Alexandra. "Crisis in the Eastern Nile Basin: an Examination of the Challenges to Egyptian Hydro-Political Hegemomy and Potential Domestic Solutions". Scholarship @ Claremont, 2013. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/496.
Resumo:
The countries of the Nile Basin are on a collision course that could result in disastrous military action to determine control of the region’s main water source. In the wake of the Arab Spring, the Egyptian government has lost much of the regional clout that allowed it to maintain it’s ‘lion’s share’ of the Nile as outlined by the 1959 agreement. Population and economic growth in upstream countries, specifically Ethiopia, have resulted in intensified calls for a more equitable water-sharing agreement. Just weeks after Mubarak stepped down, Ethiopia unveiled plans to build the Grand Renaissance Dam. The GRD will significantly reduce the water that reaches Egypt’s borders but will significantly increase Ethiopia’s hydroelectric power and irrigation potential. Egypt’s population and agriculture sector rely heavily on the maintenance of this status quo; the country also faces the mounting effects of climate change, rising food prices and immense population growth. In order to avoid a severe water crisis, Egypt must be proactive and look to improve efficiency within its own borders. This paper will examine the inadequacies of Egypt’s agricultural and irrigation sectors. It will then use examples from Mexico’s successful irrigation reform and advocate a shift of control to local Water User Associations. Other domestic and basin-wide efforts to increase water-use efficiency will also be examined.
41
Braun, Julia, e Alfons Weichenrieder. "Does Exchange of Information between Tax Authorities Influence Multinationals' Use of Tax Havens?" WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, Universität Wien, 2015. http://epub.wu.ac.at/4482/1/SSRN%2Did2569624.pdf.
Resumo:
Since the mid-1990s, countries offering tax systems that facilitate international
tax avoidance and evasion have been facing growing political pressure to comply
with the internationally agreed standards of exchange of tax information. Using
data of German investments in tax havens, we find evidence that the conclusion
of a bilateral tax information exchange agreement (TIEA) is associated with
fewer operations in tax havens and the number of German affiliates has on
average decreased by 46% compared to a control group. This suggests that firms
invest in tax havens not only for their low tax rates but also for the secrecy they
offer. (authors' abstract)Series: WU International Taxation Research Paper Series
42
Bjöörn, Axel, e Adam Croce. "The use-value system and deregulation : A study about the January agreement and the reform proposition effect on the rental market". Thesis, KTH, Fastigheter och byggande, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-254295.
Resumo:
Bostadspolitiken har länge varit en het fråga i samhället. Att det är svårt att få ett boende i form av ett förstahandskontrakt i Sveriges storstadsregioner har nog ingen missat. Efter det senaste regeringsvalet skrev Socialdemokraterna, Miljöpartiet, Liberalerna och Centerpartier under ett 73-punktsprogram där man bland annat tagit fram reformförslag för hyresmarknaden. Det finns många studier om hur hyressystemet i Sverige har bidragit till den bostadssituation vi har idag. Däremot är förslagen i januariöverenskommelsen nya och därför är syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka hur och om förslagen som presenteras i punkt 44 i januariöverenskommelsen kommer påverka hyresmarknaden. Arbetet har grundats på följande frågeställningar: Hur ställer sig aktörer på bostadsmarknaden till reformförslagen i januariöverenskommelsen? Kan en friare hyressättning öka byggvolymen av nyproducerade hyresrätter? Behövs det en hyresreform? Uppsatsen tydliggör att det rådande bruksvärdessystemet är illa anpassat för dagens bostadsmarknad och ger upphov till inlåsningseffekter. Av intervjuerna framgår det att alla respondenter är ense om att det råder en bostadsbrist i landet men hur den ska lösas finns det skilda meningar om. Representanter från den privata hyressektorn välkomnar förslagen i januariavtalet, i stort, eftersom man ser det som en möjlighet att förädla produkten (hyresrätten). Samtidigt finns det en tveksamhet till avtalets genomslagskraft bland samtliga aktörer. Det råder en osäkerhet bland hyresgästorganisationer och representanter för det allmännyttiga hyresbeståndet. De menar att förslagen kan göra hyresförhandlingarna snårigare och att hyresgästens roll försämras gentemot hyresvärden. I studien konstaterar vi att en fri hyressättning i nyproduktion med största sannolikhet inte kommer leda till en ökad byggvolym av hyresrätter. Det blir också tydligt i slutsatsen att det är svårt att förutspå vilka effekter förslagen i punkt 44 kommer få. Under tiden den här uppsatsen skrivs är reformförslagen innebörd inte tydligt definierade och under utredning. 5 Fortsatt forskning inom området uppmuntras. Däribland behöver man studera konsekvenserna av förslagen när utredningarna är klara och det inte finns någon osäkerhet i vad punkterna innebär. Det bör också forskas om konsekvenserna av en fri hyressättning i nyproduktions inverkan på det bruksvärdessatta beståndet.Housing politics has been a hot topic for a long time in the general discourse. No one will have missed that it is currently hard to get a first-hand contract to a rental apartment in the major cities of Sweden. After the last election, an agreement was made between the Socialdemokraterna, Miljöpartiet, Liberalerna and Centerpartiet consisting of 73 points. The agreement involved propositions to reform the rental market. A lot has been written about the rental setting system in Sweden and how it has contributed to the current living situation. However, the propositions in the January agreement are new and therefore the purpose of this paper is to research how, and if, the 44 th point in the agreement will affect the rental market. The main focus of the project has been to answer the following questions; What are the actors, on the rental market, views of the propositions in the January agreement? Will a deregulation of rents in newly constructed buildings increase building rates? Is there a need for a reformation of the rental system? The paper sheds light on the current "use-value-system" (bruksvärdessystemet) and that it is, in its present adaption, ill-fitted to the housing market and generates lock-in effects. The results held from the interviews show that all actors are in agreement. There is a housing shortage. However, their opinions on how it is best solved differ. The actors representing the private sector welcomes the suggestions. Mainly because it gives opportunity to refine the product or rental property. Meanwhile, there is uncertainty in the impact of the propositions among the actors. Furthermore, there is an uncertainty among the actors representing the tenants and public housing stock. They think the propositions will make the rental negotiations more complicated and the already weak position of the tenants will worsen. Our results show that a deregulation of the new constructions will most likely not increase building volumes. It is also made clear that it is hard to predict what the January agreement will entail since the propositions are not clearly stated. 3 We encourage further research within the subject. Mainly focusing on the consequences of the January agreement, once the ongoing investigation is done and the actual measures suggested, are made clear. Research should also be made on what effect a deregulation of the new construction stock will have on the use-value-stock.
43
Adomėlytė, Elija. "Compliance and enforcement mechanisms in UNECE environmental Agreements: case of the UNECE convention on the protection and use of trans-boundary watercourses and international lakes". Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2010. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2009~D_20100224_104317-40656.
Resumo:
This master thesis researches, compares, analyses and critically evaluates compliance and enforcement mechanisms in UNECE environmental agreements in order to facilitate creation of the compliance mechanism under Water Convention. Absence of compliance mechanism starts impeding fluent functioning of Water Convention and has to be urgently established. Necessity for the compliance mechanism arises from the set of important factors: need to ensure full implementation and compliance with the Water Convention – an agreement of exceptional value and significance to our society because if governs fresh water resources; the problems of implementation and compliance arising under Convention and absence of an institute/third party able to search for solutions and give adequate and prompt responses. To begin with, up to date Water Convention is the only one functioning fresh water agreement of this kind in the world and full compliance with its requirements is the highest priority. It establishes a framework for cooperation and action in the field of trans-boundary fresh water resource management affecting area of more than 150 major rivers and 50 large lakes and their populations and has a potential to become global. Recently Parties to the Convention acknowledged the fact that they are facing certain problems related to implementation and compliance of the Convention: problems of implementation and their settlement; prevention or management of existing or potential differences in... [to full text]Magistro baigiamajame darbe išanalizuoti, palyginti ir kritiškai įvertinti Jungtinių Tautų Europos Ekonomikos Komisijos aplinkos apsaugos sutarčių įgyvendinimo užtikrinimo mechanizmai, siekiant palengvinti tokio mechanizmo kūrimą Vandens konvencijai. Sutarties įgyvendinimo užtikrinimo mechanizmo nebuvimas pradeda trukdyti efektyviam konvencijos funkcionavimui ir turi būti skubiai įdiegtas. Toks mechanizmas reikalingas dėl šių pagrindinių priežasčių: būtinybės užtikrinti visišką Vandens konvencijos (kuri yra ypatingai svarbi gamtai ir visuomenei, nes reguliuoja vandens resursus) reikalavimų įgyvendinimą, vykdymą ir laikymąsi, daugėjančių problemų, kylančių dėl konvencijos įgyvendinimo ir laikymosi, bei nebuvimo jokio instituto, galinčio adekvačiai ir greitai reaguoti bei pateikti tinkamą atsaką ir efektyvų sprendimą. Vandens konvencija yra vienintelis pasaulyje funkcionuojantis tokio pobūdžio susitarimas ir dėl to visiškas jos reikalavimų įgyvendinimo užtikrinimas yra aukščiausias prioritetas. Konvencija reguliuoja tarptautinių vandens resursų apsaugą bei naudojimą, šalių veiklą ir bendradarbiavimą teritorijoje, apimančioje daugiau kaip 150 didžiausių upių bei 50 didelių ežerų. Ji stipriai veikia šių teritorijų gyventojus bei ateityje gali tapti pasauline konvencija. Konvencijos šalys pripažino faktą, jog pastaruoju metu jos susiduria su šiomis problemomis, susijusiomis su įgyvendinimu bei laikymusi: konvencijos įgyvendinimo problemos bei jų sprendimas, konfliktai dėl... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
44
Mineo, Kathryn S. "JOINT USE PARTNERSHIPS: EVALUATING THE FEASIBILITY OF A JOINT USE PARTNERHSIP BETWEEN THE CITY OF SAN LUIS OBISPO AND CAL POLY SAN LUIS OBISPO". DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2012. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/880.
Resumo:
As demand for additional athletic fields continues to increase, the City of San Luis Obispo is struggling to meet the recreation needs of the community. This project evaluated the feasibility of a joint use partnerships with Cal Poly San Luis Obispo for the shared use of the University’s underutilized Sports Complex, and made recommendations of strategies to address the City’s recreation needs. This project reviewed current and professional academic literature on successful approaches to joint use partnerships; conducted case study analyses on two Cal Poly facilities; and worked with City and University officials to examine the issues associated with establishing joint use agreements between state universities and local municipalities. Because little research currently exists to inform joint use partnerships between these two entities, the opportunities for exploration are many. Of particular interest are the fields of local and state policy and financing methods.
45
Scullion, Richard John. "Attitude analysis and its use in the study of political integration and division : the Protestant community of Northern Ireland and the Anglo-Irish Agreement". Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.336722.
46
Collop, Lance. "Is the definition of "permanent establishment" ("PE"), as used in the Double Tax Agreements ("DTA's") of selected Southern African Development Community ("SADC") countries, sufficient to protect their taxing rights over their natural resources?" Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/10286.
Resumo:
This dissertation will determine whether or not the definition of a PE, as used in the DTAs of selected SADC countries, sufficiently protects the right these countries have to tax foreign companies or other non-resident taxpayers who use their natural resources profitably.
47
Örlegård, Petra. "Collective nouns in English used in Sweden : A corpus-based study on number concord with collective nouns". Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk (SPR), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-32093.
Resumo:
The purpose of this thesis is to investigate how Swedes writing in English construct number concord with collective nouns. This was done by studying three primary corpora: the Swedish English Newspaper Corpus (SWENC) and the press sections of Frown (American English) and F-LOB (British English). The findings were compared with the results in the Blogs in English by Swedes Corpus (BESC), Frown (American English) and F-LOB (British English). The SWENC contains texts from three online newspapers and one corporate newsletter in English, all of which are written by Swedes. The BESC contains texts from Swedes blogging in English. Frown and F-LOB contain texts from fifteen text genres in the 1990s. The results in the SWENC are discussed and compared with the press sections of F-LOB and Frown. The results are also compared with the BESC, Frown and F-LOB in order to see whether there is regional and stylistic variation. The results show that Swedes prefer singular verbal concord with collective nouns even though plural forms occur which seem to be closer to F-LOB Press (BrE) than Frown Press (AmE). In contrast, the SWENC differs from the press sections of Frown and F-LOB in constructing pronominal number. This difference could be influenced by Swedish usage which allows both singular and plural pronominal number with collective nouns. The study also shows that plural forms of political parties that seem to constitute collective units show variation in Sweden whereas such nouns take only plural concord in both American and British English.
48
Bashir, Saima. "Reproductive Behavior in Pakistan: Incorporating Men and Couplesto Understand Change Over Time". Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1498142794087596.
49
Dias, David Miguel Eugénio. "Impacto da introdução da IFRS 16 na informação financeira, compensação dos executivos e relatório de auditoria da Air Liquide S.A". Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/21024.
Resumo:
Mestrado em Contabilidade, Fiscalidade e Finanças EmpresariaisA International Financial Reporting Standard (IFRS) 16 começou a ser aplicada nos períodos de relato anual iniciados a 1 de janeiro de 2019 ou posteriormente, alterando, a partir dessa data, a contabilização das locações, nomeadamente na ótica do locatário. As locações passaram a ser obrigatoriamente reconhecidas como ativos e passivos na demonstração da posição financeira, existindo somente duas exceções a esta obrigatoriedade. A Air Liquide S.A. é uma empresa cotada na bolsa de valores de Paris, cujo relato financeiro respeita as normas internacionais de contabilidade emitidas pelo International Accounting Standards Board (IASB), estando, assim, sujeita à aplicação da IFRS 16. O presente projeto surge, neste contexto, com o intuito de avaliar os impactos que a IFRS 16 induziu no relato financeiro da empresa, nos rácios financeiros, no relatório de auditoria e na política remuneratória dos executivos. Com a adoção da IFRS 16 existiram alterações substanciais na demonstração da posição financeira da Air Liquide S.A, ao passo que nas restantes demonstrações os impactos foram de menor amplitude, existindo, contudo, alterações notórias na classificação dos gastos. Decorrente das variações nas demonstrações financeiras, os rácios financeiros também sofreram alterações, sendo de destacar a diminuição no rácio de liquidez geral e nos rácios de rendibilidade. No que respeita ao relatório de auditoria, foi introduzida, em 2019, uma ênfase relacionada com o método de contabilização das locações efetuado segundo a IFRS 16, mantendo-se, no entanto, uma opinião limpa neste relatório.
International Financial Reporting Standard (IFRS) 16 began to be applied in the annual reporting periods beginning on January 1, 2019 or later, changing, from that date, the accounting for leases, namely from the lessee's perspective. Leases are now mandatorily recognized as assets and liabilities in the statement of financial position, with only two exceptions to this requirement. Air Liquide S.A. is a company listed on the Paris stock exchange, whose financial reporting follows the international accounting standards issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB), and is therefore subject to the application of IFRS 16. This project arises, in this context, with the aim of to assess the impacts that IFRS 16 had on the company's financial reporting, financial ratios, audit report and executive compensation policy. With the adoption of IFRS 16, there were substantial changes in the statement of Air Liquide S.A.'s financial position, while in the remaining statements the impacts were of lesser magnitude, however, there were notable changes in the classification of expenses. As a result of changes in the financial statements, the financial ratios also changed, with emphasis on the decrease in the current ratio and in the profitability ratios. Regarding the audit report, in 2019, an emphasis was introduced related with the lease accounting method carried out in accordance with IFRS 16, maintaining, however, a clear opinion in this report.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
50
Sudding, Creagh. "Is the definition of "permanent establishment", as used in the double tax agreements of selected 'oil rich' central and North African countries, sufficient to protect the taxing rights on the natural resources of these countries?" Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/10721.
Resumo:
Includes abstract.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 141-148).
Given the considerable increase in international trade over the past 40 years, particularly between Africa and the rest of the world, there is a risk that the developing African countries are being exploited by the developed countries. The key to this exploitation is the fact that Africa possesses untouched natural resources (embedded with significant profits), which the developed countries, specifically profit seeking companies from these countries ('the non-resident entity'), seek to extract and exploit.