Статті в журналах: "3006 Food sciences"

1

Muzafarov, Aziz M. "Nesmeyanov’s Strategy. To the 300th Anniversary of the Russian Academy of Sciences." Economic Strategies 144, no. 2 (April 20, 2021): 52–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.33917/es-2.176.2021.52-61.

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Alexander Nikolaevich Nesmeyanov, one of the most underestimated presidents of the Academy of Sciences, was a great original-minded scientist who opened up organoelement chemistry to the world as an independent science and later on — an artificial food, to which the world turns again after several decades. These milestones of his biography are well known to scientific community, as well as his leadership of Moscow State University during the new complex construction on the Lenin Hills, creation of INEOS and VINITI. 10-years period of his biography, when he was a President of the USSR Academy of Sciences, is much less known. It was in this position that he manifested enormous talent as an organizer of the country's modern science management system, where the Academy of Sciences played an important role. Many thoughts and deeds of A.N. Nesmeyanov are especially relevant today.

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Georgouli, Konstantia, Maria Teresa Osorio, Jesus Martinez Del Rincon, and Anastasios Koidis. "Data augmentation in food science: Synthesising spectroscopic data of vegetable oils for performance enhancement." Journal of Chemometrics 32, no. 6 (February 9, 2018): e3004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cem.3004.

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3

Gil, Ana M. "3rd International conference on applications of magnetic resonance in food science." Trends in Food Science & Technology 8, no. 1 (January 1997): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-2244(96)30016-2.

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4

Quake, Antonia Zoe, Taryn Audrey Liu, Rachel D’Souza, Katherine G. Jackson, Margaret Woch, Afua Tetteh, Vanitha Sampath, et al. "Early Introduction of Multi-Allergen Mixture for Prevention of Food Allergy: Pilot Study." Nutrients 14, no. 4 (February 9, 2022): 737. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14040737.

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The incidence and prevalence of food allergy (FA) is increasing. While several studies have established the safety and efficacy of early introduction of single allergens in infants for the prevention of FA, the exact dose, frequency, and number of allergens that can be safely introduced to infants, particularly in those at high or low risk of atopy, are still unclear. This 1-year pilot study evaluated the safety of the early introduction of single foods (milk, egg, or peanut) vs. two foods (milk/egg, egg/peanut, milk/peanut) vs. multiple foods (milk/egg/peanut/cashew/almond/shrimp/walnut/wheat/salmon/hazelnut at low, medium, or high doses) vs. no early introduction in 180 infants between 4–6 months of age. At the end of the study, they were evaluated for plasma biomarkers associated with food reactivity via standardized blood tests. Two to four years after the start of the study, participants were evaluated by standardized food challenges. The serving sizes for the single, double, and low dose mixtures were 300 mg total protein per day. The serving sizes for the medium and high dose mixtures were 900 mg and 3000 mg total protein, respectively. Equal parts of each protein were used for double or mixture foods. All infants were breastfed until at least six months of age. The results demonstrate that infants at either high or low risk for atopy were able to tolerate the early introduction of multiple allergenic foods with no increases in any safety issues, including eczema, FA, or food protein induced enterocolitis. The mixtures of foods at either low, medium, or high doses demonstrated trends for improvement in food challenge reactivity and plasma biomarkers compared to single and double food introductions. The results of this study suggest that the early introduction of foods, particularly simultaneous mixtures of many allergenic foods, may be safe and efficacious for preventing FA and can occur safely. These results need to be confirmed by larger randomized controlled studies.

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RASOOLY, AVRAHAM. "Surface Plasmon Resonance Analysis of Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B in Food." Journal of Food Protection 64, no. 1 (January 1, 2001): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-64.1.37.

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Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors are electro-optical instruments used for analyzing real-time protein-protein interactions. This work evaluates an SPR biosensor (Biacore 3000) in the detection of staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) in foods. A sandwich SPR immunosensor involving two antibodies was used. The capturing antibody, bound covalently to the surface of the biosensor chip, performs the initial binding of the antigen and a second antibody binds to the captured antigen. The second antibody makes antigen verification possible and amplifies the signal. Pure SEB as well as SEB in spiked foods (milk and meat) were detected with little interference from the food matrix. In the control experiments with uncontaminated food samples no significant signal was detected. The SPR biosensor assay detects SEB at ~10 ng/ml rapidly, with initial binding within 2 min. The entire measurement cycle (including washing and chip regeneration) may take 5 min using one antibody or 8 min using two antibodies. These results suggest that the SPR biosensor may be a useful tool for real-time analysis of toxin in foods.

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KENNEDY, J. E., C. I. WEI, and J. L. OBLINGER. "Distribution of Coliphages in Various Foods." Journal of Food Protection 49, no. 12 (December 1, 1986): 944–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-49.12.944.

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The distribution of coliphages in various foods and the relationship between the incidences of coliphages and bacterial indicators were investigated. A total of 120 food samples comprising twelve products and including fresh meats, shellfish, vegetables and processed meats, were analyzed for indigenous coliphages using Escherichia coli hosts C, C-3000 and B. Bacterial analyses included enumeration of E. coli, fecal coliforms and coliforms, as well as aerobic plate counts and Salmonella analyses. Coliphages were detected (≥10 PFU/100 g) in 56% of samples and eleven of twelve products. Coliphages, E. coli, fecal coliforms and coliforms were recovered at a level of at least 30 organisms per 100 g in 43, 43, 68 and 81% of samples, with overall mean recoveries of 13, 19, 93 and 4300 organisms/100 g, respectively. Highest and lowest recoveries of coliphages and E. coli were from fresh meats and vacuum-packaged processed meats, respectively. Significant nonparametric correlations between coliphages, E. coli, fecal coliforms and coliforms were found among all food samples.

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7

Bousova, Katerina, Klaus Mittendorf, and Hamide Senyuva. "A Solid-Phase Microextraction GC/MS/MS Method for Rapid Quantitative Analysis of Food and Beverages for the Presence of Legally Restricted Biologically Active Flavorings." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 94, no. 4 (July 1, 2011): 1189–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/94.4.1189.

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Abstract A method was developed using automated headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled with GC/MS/MS to simultaneously determine the presence of seven biologically active ﬂavoring substances whose levels of use in processed foods is controlled by statutory limits. The method can be applied to identify and quantify the presence of 1,2-benzopyrone (coumarin), β-asarone, 1-allyl-4-methoxybenzene (estragole), menthofuran, 4-allyl-1,2-dimethoxybenzene (methyl eugenol), pulegone, and thujone at levels ranging from 0.5 to 3000 mg/kg. The method has been optimized and validated for three different generic food types categorized on the basis of composition and anticipated use levels of ﬂavorings and food ingredients. The food categories are alcoholic and nonalcoholic beverages; semisolid processed foods (e.g., soups, sauces, confectionary, etc.); and solid foods (muesli, bakery products, etc.). The method is simple, inexpensive, and rapid, and eliminates the use of ﬂammable and toxic solvents. There is no sample preparation, and using MS/MS, unequivocal confrmation of identifcation is achieved even in highly complex matrixes containing many potential interfering volatiles. The method precision for spiked samples ranged from 2 to 21%, with the greatest variability associated with solid matrixes. The LOD and LOQ values were well below 0.1 and 0.5 mg/kg, respectively, in all cases for individual substances, fulflling requirements for enforcement purposes. The robustness of the method was demonstrated in a small survey of retail samples of four spirits, fve ﬂavored milks, three energy drinks, fve liqueurs, fve soups, 10 sauces, fve herbal teas, and three breakfast cereals.

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8

de Oliveira, Pâmela Mayara, Renata Puppin Zandonadi, Amanda Moreira Veloso Cutrim, Eduardo Yoshio Nakano, Fabiana Lopes Nalon de Queiroz, Raquel B. A. Botelho, Ariana Saraiva, and António Raposo. "Eating Competence and Aspects Related to a Gluten-Free Diet in Brazilian Adults with Gluten-Related Disorders." Nutrients 14, no. 14 (July 8, 2022): 2815. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14142815.

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This cross-sectional study aims to assess eating competence (EC—an intra-individual approach to food, behaviors, and attitudes related to food) and aspects related to a gluten-free diet (GFD) in Brazilian adults with gluten-related disorders (GRDs). The research was conducted using an online survey with a self-reported instrument consisting of 40 items, organized into three parts: (I) Socioeconomic and demographic data; (II) the Brazilian version of the Eating Competence Satter Inventory (ec-SI2.0™BR); and (III) questions about adherence and difficulties in following the gluten-free diet. EC was measured by the ecSI2.0™BR instrument, with scores ≥32 were considered competent eaters. The instrument was applied nationwide through the GoogleForms® platform from 14 February 2022 to 30 March 2022. The publicity for the recruitment was supported by Brazilian celiac local and national associations (Acelbras and Fenacelbra), pages of food services or personal pages of tips and posts about gluten-related disorders, and specialized stores that offer gluten-free foods. The recruitment occurred through social networks (emails, Facebook groups, WhatsApp, and Instagram). A total of 1030 Brazilians with GRDs answered the questionnaire. Most participants were female, aged 40 years or older, with an income >R$3000, and a high education level. The main difficulty regarding adherence to GFD was the high cost of gluten-free foods. Individuals younger than 40 years old had lower EC scores, with no differences between men and women. Increasing socioeconomic status, schooling, and culinary practices increased the total score. Participants who “never/almost never” felt socially judged because their diet had higher scores for total EC. Competent eaters GRD individuals (EC ≥ 32) were mostly individuals aged ≥40 y/o; with income > R$3000; following a GFD; satisfied with purchased gluten-free products; consuming gluten-free products prepared at home, mainly by themselves; who do not feel judged because of the GRD and who feel that they can live a normal life with GRD. Our study showed that individuals who strictly adhere to the GFD have higher scores on eating competence than those who sometimes follow the treatment.

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9

Saldaña, Erick, Raúl Siche, Jair Sebastião da Silva Pinto, Marcio Aurélio de Almeida, Miriam Mabel Selani, Juan Rios-Mera, and Carmen J. Contreras-Castillo. "Optimization of lipid profile and hardness of low-fat mortadella following a sequential strategy of experimental design." Journal of Food Science and Technology 55, no. 2 (January 5, 2018): 811–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13197-017-3006-9.

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10

KARATAŞ, ARZU, and YUSUF ŞAVŞATLI. "Characterization of volatile compounds nongrafted and pumpkin-grafted bitter gourd(Momordica charantia L.)." Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry 46, no. 3 (January 1, 2022): 327–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.55730/1300-011x.3006.

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11

Martins, Q. S., C. A. Aguirre, and And J. L. B. Farias. "Approach by Raman and infrared spectroscopy in three vegetable oils from the Brazilian Amazon." Revista Mexicana de Física 65, no. 4 Jul-Aug (July 1, 2019): 328. http://dx.doi.org/10.31349/revmexfis.65.328.

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Copaiba oils (COP), Andiroba (AND) and Brazil nuts (CDB) have been studied in several areas of science, mainly interests in the pharmacological and food industry. A rapid analysis by techniques such as Raman and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) gives us a set of information concerning the molecular nature. Results of FTIR and Raman for COP, AND and CDB, present modes of vibrations linked to fatty acids (AFs) in the sample composition, whose structures are rich in C=O, C=C and C-H. The results suggest modes in the regions 800-2000 cm$^{-1}$ and 2500-3000 cm$^{-1}$, which fit the general characteristics of the AFs, strongly associated with oleic, linoleic, and palmitic acids. COP presents mode with intense peak at 2800-3000 cm$^{-1}$, just related to the copalic acid, that presents contributions of rings of carbon. Finally, the results were discussed with DFT calculations complementing that obtained by FTIR and Raman.

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12

Marco, Cristina, Gabriela Pérez, Pablo Ribotta, and Cristina M. Rosell. "Effect of microbial transglutaminase on the protein fractions of rice, pea and their blends." Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 87, no. 14 (2007): 2576–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.3006.

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13

Pielou, E. C. "Plankton, from the last ice age to the year 3007." ICES Journal of Marine Science 65, no. 3 (February 7, 2008): 296–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsn008.

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Abstract Pielou, E. C. 2008. Plankton, from the last ice age to the year 3007. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 65: 296–301. Climate forcing of the environment and biota has been happening since time immemorial, human forcing only for the past 200 years or so. This paper considers, first, climatic changes over the past 30 000 years, as indicated by plankton and their effects on plankton. Only fossilizable plankton can be observed: principally foraminifera, radiolaria, and pteropods in the zooplankton, and their food, principally coccolithophores, diatoms, and dinoflagellate cysts, in the phytoplankton. The soft-bodied zooplankton species—especially copepods—that lived with them can only be inferred. Large, abrupt climate changes took place, aided by positive feedback. Second, this paper attempts to predict how human forcing in the form of anthropogenic climate change is likely to affect marine ecosystems in the future. Past predictions have underestimated the speed at which warming is actually happening: positive feedback has been unexpectedly strong. Thus, the melting of snow and ice, by reducing the earth's albedo, has increased the amount of solar energy absorbed. Also, warming of the surface (water and land) has caused outgassing of methane from buried clathrates (hydrates), and methane is a strong greenhouse gas. Currently, predictions emphasize one or the other of two contrasted alternatives: abrupt cooling caused by a shutdown of the thermohaline circulation (the “ocean conveyor”) or abrupt warming caused by copious outgassing of methane. Both arguments (the former from oceanographers and the latter from geophysicists) are equally persuasive, and I have chosen to explore the methane alternative, because I am familiar with an area (the Beaufort Sea and Mackenzie Delta) where outgassing has recently (2007) been detected and is happening now: in the Arctic Ocean and the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, where disappearance of the ice will affect currents, temperature, thermocline, salinity, upwelling, and nutrients, with consequent effects on the zooplankton.

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Waldstreicher, Jeff S. "A foot of snow from a 3000-foot cloud: The Ocean-Effect Snowstorm of 14 January 1999." Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 83, no. 1 (January 2002): 19–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0477(2002)083<0019:afosfa>2.3.co;2.

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TODD, E. C. D. "Foodborne and Waterborne Disease in Canada - 1983 Annual Summary." Journal of Food Protection 52, no. 6 (June 1, 1989): 436–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-52.6.436.

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Data on foodborne disease in Canada in 1983 are compared with those for 1982. A total of 963 incidents, comprising 752 outbreaks and 211 single cases, caused illnesses in 5,955 persons in 1983. These figures are slightly less than for 1982, although the numbers of incidents and cases are the second highest on record. Salmonella, Staphylococcus aureus, Clostridium perfringens and Bacillus cereus caused most of the illnesses. The main Salmonella serovars involved were S. typhimurium, S. hadar, and S. agona. The small outbreaks of hepatitis A were attributed to food served at a school cafeteria and an outdoor barbecue, respectively; viral foodborne outbreaks had not been documented before. Also, for the first time there were no records of parasitic diseases. There were no incidents of paralytic shellfish poisoning but ciguatera intoxication occurred for the first time. There were 29 incidents (36 cases) of chemical origin; extraneous matter and rancid compounds were the most frequently implicated. There were three deaths, one each from botulism, salmonellosis, and methanol in vodka. A major portion of illnesses were associated with meat and poultry (30.6% of incidents and 42.7% of cases). Bakery products, marine foods, and dairy foods were also important vehicles of foodborne disease. Mishandling of food took place mainly in foodservice establishments (38.3% of incidents), homes (25.2% of incidents), and food processing establishments (5.9% of incidents). Chemicals, such as extraneous matter and rancid compounds, were the agents associated with 33.3% of incidents caused by processors' mishandling. On a population basis, incidents were greatest in Ontario, followed by those in Quebec, British Columbia, and Alberta. Details of several foodborne disease incidents are presented. In addition, two incidents of waterborne disease were documented in 1983, two fewer than in 1982. Giardia lamblia was the etiologic agent in one of them.

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Ahmed, Bulbul, Bin Cao, Jeffrey S. McLean, Tuba Ica, Alice Dohnalkova, Ozlem Istanbullu, Akin Paksoy, Jim K. Fredrickson, and Haluk Beyenal. "Fe(III) Reduction and U(VI) Immobilization by Paenibacillus sp. Strain 300A, Isolated from Hanford 300A Subsurface Sediments." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 78, no. 22 (September 7, 2012): 8001–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01844-12.

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ABSTRACTA facultative iron-reducing [Fe(III)-reducing]Paenibacillussp. strain was isolated from Hanford 300A subsurface sediment biofilms that was capable of reducing soluble Fe(III) complexes [Fe(III)-nitrilotriacetic acid and Fe(III)-citrate] but unable to reduce poorly crystalline ferrihydrite (Fh). However,Paenibacillussp. 300A was capable of reducing Fh in the presence of low concentrations (2 μM) of either of the electron transfer mediators (ETMs) flavin mononucleotide (FMN) or anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate (AQDS). Maximum initial Fh reduction rates were observed at catalytic concentrations (<10 μM) of either FMN or AQDS. Higher FMN concentrations inhibited Fh reduction, while increased AQDS concentrations did not. We also found thatPaenibacillussp. 300A could reduce Fh in the presence of natural ETMs from Hanford 300A subsurface sediments. In the absence of ETMs,Paenibacillussp. 300A was capable of immobilizing U(VI) through both reduction and adsorption. The relative contributions of adsorption and microbial reduction to U(VI) removal from the aqueous phase were ∼7:3 in PIPES [piperazine-N,N′-bis(2-ethanesulfonic acid)] and ∼1:4 in bicarbonate buffer. Our study demonstrated thatPaenibacillussp. 300A catalyzes Fe(III) reduction and U(VI) immobilization and that these reactions benefit from externally added or naturally existing ETMs in 300A subsurface sediments.

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LIEWEN, MICHAEL B., and ELMER H. MARTH. "Production of Mycotoxins by Sorbate-Resistant Molds." Journal of Food Protection 48, no. 2 (February 1, 1985): 156–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-48.2.156.

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Nine strains of sorbate-resistant molds were grown in YES broth for 10 d at 21°C in the presence and absence of 3000 ppm sorbate. Following the incubation period, the cultures were extracted with chloroform and the extracts were tested for the presence of mycotoxins. Two of the extracts contained ochratoxin A and another extract contained an unidentified substance similar to cyclopiazoic acid. None of the strains produced mycotoxins in the presence of 3000 ppm sorbate.

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Chajęcka-Wierzchowska, Wioleta, Joanna Gajewska, Anna Zadernowska, Cinzia Lucia Randazzo, and Cinzia Caggia. "A Comprehensive Study on Antibiotic Resistance among Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci (CoNS) Strains Isolated from Ready-to-Eat Food Served in Bars and Restaurants." Foods 12, no. 3 (January 23, 2023): 514. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12030514.

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The present study aimed to characterize and assess the diversity of CoNS strains as potential vectors for the spread of resistance to antimicrobial agents from RTE foods served in bars and restaurants. Eighty-five CoNS strains, obtained from 198 RTE food samples, were investigated. Sixty-seven CoNS isolates (78.8%) were resistant to at least one antibiotic tested, and 37 (43.5%) were multidrug resistant (MDR-CoNS). Moreover, CoNS strains contained genes conferring resistance to antibiotics critically important in medicine, i.e., β—lactams [mecA (29.4%); blaZ (84.7%)], aminoglycosides [aac(6′)-Ie-aph(2″)-Ia (45.9%); aph(2″)-Ic (3.5%)], macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramin B-MLSB [msrA/B (68.2%); ermB (40%) and mphC (4.7%)], tetracyclines [tetK (31.8%); tetM (16.5%) and/or tetL (2.35%)]. We also found the fusB/C/D genes responsible for the acquired low-level fusidic acid resistance (17.6%) and streptogramin resistance determinant vgaA in 30.6% of isolates. In three linezolid resistant strains (2 S. epidermidis and 1 S. warneri), mutation was detected, as demonstrated by L101V and V188I changes in the L3 protein amino acid sequences. The high frequency in RTE food of MDR-CoNS including methicillin-resistant (MR-CoNS) strains constitutes a direct risk to public health as they increase the gene pool from which pathogenic bacteria can pick up resistance traits.

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19

Windarsih, A., A. Rohman, and Irnawati. "The use of FTIR spectroscopy combined with pattern recognition and multivariate calibration for rapid authentication of Etawa goat milk from soymilk." Food Research 6, no. 4 (August 18, 2022): 337–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.6(4).491.

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Etawa goat milk (EGM) is valuable milk with a higher price compared to other kinds of milk. It is susceptible to being adulterated with low-priced milk for economical reasons. Therefore, the development of an analytical method for rapid authentication of EGM from soymilk (SM) is highly required. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy combined with chemometrics was evaluated for rapid qualitative and quantitative analysis of SM in raw fresh EGM samples. Samples were prepared by mixing goat milk with soymilk in several concentration levels ranging from 0-100% (v/v). FTIR spectra revealed the differences between authentic and adulterated EGM samples in certain wavenumber regions. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) at wavenumbers of 3000-750 cm-1 was successfully used for discrimination between authentic and adulterated EGM samples. The Cooman plot showed a clear classification between pure and adulterated goat milk samples. Partial least square (PLS) using wavenumber combination of 3000-2800 cm-1 and 1800-650 cm-1 as well as principal component regression (PCR) using wavenumber of 3000-750 cm-1 has been successfully used for quantification of SM in EGM. However, PLS offered a better model for quantification with higher values of R2 calibration (0.9997) and validation (0.9992) and lower values of RMSEC (0.848) and RMSEP (1.19). It can be concluded that this method is promising for the rapid authentication of goat milk s

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TODD, E. C. D. "Foodborne and Waterborne Disease in Canada-1984 Annual Summary." Journal of Food Protection 52, no. 7 (July 1, 1989): 503–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-52.7.503.

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Data on foodborne disease in Canada in 1984 are compared with those for 1983. A total of 1,181 incidents, comprising 1,016 outbreaks and 165 single cases, caused illnesses in 9,953 persons in 1984. These figures are the highest on record with almost double the number of cases occurring in 1983. Salmonella, Staphylococcus aureus, Clostridium perfringens, and Bacillus cereus were responsible for most of the illnesses. The main Salmonella serovars involved were S. typhimurium, S. enteritidis, and S. heidelberg. There were no incidents of parasitic infections or paralytic shellfish poisonings similar to 1983. Fifty-five incidents (82 cases) of chemical origin were recorded; extraneous matter and rancid compounds were the most frequently implicated. There were two deaths, one from botulism and the other from salmonellosis. Most of the illnesses were associated with meat and poultry (30.6% of incidents and 29.9% of cases). Dairy foods, particularly cheese, bakery products, and marine foods were also major vehicles of foodborne disease. Mishandling of food took place mainly in foodservice establishments (38.8% of incidents), homes (20.6% of incidents), and food processings establishments (5.9% of incidents). Chemicals, such as extraneous material and rancid compounds, were the agents associated with 40.0% of incidents caused by processors' mishandling. On a population basis, incidents were greatest in Ontario, followed by those in Quebec, British Columbia, and Manitoba. Details of several foodborne disease incidents are presented. In addition, seven incidents of waterborne disease were documented in 1984, five more than in 1983. Campylobacter, Salmonella and Yersinia were identified as pathogens associated with drinking water.

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Franco, I., E. Castillo, M. D. Pérez, M. Calvo, and L. Sánchez. "Effect of bovine lactoferrin addition to milk in yogurt manufacturing." Journal of Dairy Science 93, no. 10 (October 2010): 4480–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.2009-3006.

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22

Marlina, Eka, Bambang Sukarno Putra, and Diswandi Nurba. "Pengaruh Lama Perendaman Dalam Larutan Natrium Metabisulfit (NA2S2O5) Terhadap Kualitas Tepung Uwi Ungu." Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian 6, no. 4 (November 1, 2021): 538–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17969/jimfp.v6i4.18142.

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Abstrak. Uwi ungu memiliki pangan lokal yang baik sebagai pangan utama yang diolah menjadi tepung. Masalah yang didapatkan pada proses pembuatan tepung uwi ungu yaitu proses pencoklatan pada pembuatan tepung, sehingga tepung akan kurang diminati oleh masyarakat. Tujuan dari peneitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kualitas tepung uwi ungu yang diperoleh dari variasi lama perendaman dalam larutan natrium metabisulfit 3000 ppm. Alat yang akan digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah telenan, pisau, slicer, baskom, timbangan analitik, gelas ukur, cawan petri, oven, grinder, ayakan 60 mesh dan benchtop pH meter merek AZ 86505. Bahan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah uwi ungu sebanyak 10 kg, larutan natrium metabisulfit 3000 ppm dan aquades. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) Non Faktorial. Perlakuan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah lama perendaman dengan variasi waktu 0, 15 menit, 30 menit dan 45 menit serta konsentrasi larutan natrium metabisulfit 3000 ppm. Parameter penelitian adalah analisis kadar air, kadar pati, derajat keasaman, warna dan uji organoleptik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lama perendaman dalam larutan natrim metabisulfit 3000 ppm memberi pengaruh tidak nyata terhadap kadar air, derajat keasaman (pH), warna L dan uji organoleptik. Namun pengaruh variasi lama perendaman dalam larutan natrium metabisulfit 3000 ppm memberi pengaruh nyata terhadap kadar pati.The Effect of Soaking Time in Sodium Metabisulfit (NA2S2O5 ) Solution on the Quality of Purple Uwi FlourAbstract. Purple Uwi has good local food as the main food that is processed into flour. The problem with the process of making purple uwi flour is the browning process in making flour, so that the flour will be less attractive to the public. The purpose of this research was to determine the quality of purple uwi flour obtained from the variation of immersion time in 3000 ppm sodium metabisulfite solution. The tools that will be used in this research are cutting board, knife, slicer, washbowl, analytical scales, measuring cup, petri dishes, oven, grinder, sieve 60 mesh, and benchtop pH meter brand AZ 86505. The material used in this study was 10 kg of purple uwi. 3000 ppm sodium metabisulfite solution and distilled water. The research design used was a non-factorial completely randomized design (CRD). The treatment used in this study was the immersion time with a variation of 0, 15 minutes, 30 minutes, and 45 minutes and a concentration of 3000 ppm sodium metabisulfite solution. The research parameters were analysis of water content, starch content, degree of acidity, color, and organoleptic test. The results showed that the duration of immersion in 3000 ppm sodium metabisulfite solution had no significant effect on water content, acidity (pH), L color and organoleptic tests. However, the effect of variations in the length of immersion in 3000 ppm sodium metabisulfite solution had a significant effect on starch content.

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Pelegrina-Cortés, Beatriz, Laura Bermejo, Bricia López-Plaza, Samara Palma-Milla, Natalia García-Vázquez, and Carmen Gómez-Candela. "Nutritional Composition Assessment of 3000 Individualized Parenteral Nutrition Bags in a Tertiary Referral Hospital: Current Prescribing Patterns." Nutrients 10, no. 8 (August 13, 2018): 1079. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10081079.

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Individualized parenteral nutrition is the most specialized type of nutritional support in the hospital setting. The composition and prescribing patterns for parenteral nutrition have evolved due to new emerging scientific evidence. In the last few years, there has been a tendency to increase the nitrogen and lipid content and decrease the carbohydrate content. To assess the prescribing pattern in a tertiary referral hospital in Spain, the nutritional composition of individualized parenteral nutrition was evaluated retrospectively from January to December of 2016. A total of 3029 parenteral nutrition units were analysed, corresponding to 257 hospitalized adult patients. Medical specialists in General Surgery and Haematology were the most common petitioners. The three most frequently prescribed parenteral nutrition formulae contained 13.4 (28.8%), 15.7 (19.54%) and 17.9 (17.79%) g of nitrogen. The quantity of carbohydrates and lipids showed a mean non-protein calories-to-nitrogen ratio of approximately 78:1 and a carbohydrate-to-lipid ratio that was near 50:50 in most cases. These results suggest a trend towards the administration of parenteral nutrition with a high content of nitrogen and smaller proportion of the non-protein components.

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Begum, Rokeya, Md Nannur Rahman, Robiul Islam, Md Rakibul Hasan, Md Yusuf Jamil, and Sanjida Anjom Tamanna. "Vitamin A knowledge and household consumption frequency of vitamin A – rich foods in Tangail, Bangladesh." Malaysian Journal of Nutrition 27, no. 1 (January 29, 2021): 001–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.31246/mjn-2020-0063.

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Introduction: Vitamin A deficiency is one of the most serious health problems in developing countries. This study aims to explore the comparative figure of vitamin A knowledge, household consumption frequency of vitamin A-rich foods, and association of socio-demographic factors with knowledge and consumption in four residential areas in Tangail district, Bangladesh. Methods: This study used a population-based cross-sectional design with 400 study participants selected using purposive sampling technique. Knowledge and consumption frequency were assessed by a structured questionnaire along with food frequency table. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics. Results: Only 33.5% participants had primary vitamin A knowledge, where most from urban (48.5%) and semi-urban (30.6%) areas had comparatively higher knowledge than those from rural (11.2%) and slum (9.7%) areas. Specific knowledge level was also poorer in rural and slum areas than urban and semi-urban areas. Most of the participants received knowledge through commercial advertisements (65.7%). Household consumption frequency of vitamin A-rich foods (plant and animal) was comparatively lower in rural and slum areas than in urban and semi-urban areas. Different socio-demographic factors (place of residence, education and household income) significantly influenced participant’s vitamin A knowledge and household consumption of vitamin A-rich foods (p<0.05). Conclusion: In general, the study population lacked knowledge regarding the importance of vitamin A. Consumption frequency of vitamin A-rich foods was still poorer in slum and rural areas than in urban and semi-urban areas.

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Donovan, Christine. "If FDA Does Not Regulate Food, Who Will? A Study of Hormones and Antibiotics in Meat Production." American Journal of Law & Medicine 41, no. 2-3 (May 2015): 459–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0098858815591528.

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Approximately 128,000 Americans are hospitalized and 3000 die each year from foodborne illness. A ten-year study of 4589 foodborne outbreaks attributed 46% of these hospitalizations and 43% of the deaths to meat. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the primary federal agency tasked with regulating food, is aware of these statistics, and characterizes them as “largely preventable.” It is becoming clear that modern meat production methods allow pathogens to spread with ease, creating great food safety risks. Startling numbers of people continue to get sick each year from food, even though regulators believe the harms are preventable, and know the source of many of the risks. This Note explores why the United States under-regulates its food as compared to other nations, and suggests improvements to the domestic regulatory structure that would facilitate better regulation.

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Hughes, Jonathan. "Developing student criticality in higher education: Undergraduate learning in the arts and social sciences Brenda Johnston, Rosamond Mitchell, Florence Myles, Peter Ford, 2011 London, Continuum Studies in Educational Research, Continuum £75, 247 pp. (incl." British Educational Research Journal 39, no. 3 (June 2013): 607–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/berj.3002.

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Stirling, B. T., J. D. Fischer, G. Zhao, and G. R. Ablett. "PRO 28-53 soybean." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 86, no. 2 (May 5, 2006): 471–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/p04-087.

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PRO 28-53 soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] was developed by the Ridgetown College, University of Guelph, and was issued registration number 5569 on 2002 Dec. 12 by the Variety Registration Office, Plant Production Division of the Canadian Food Inspection Agency. PRO 28-53 has excellent yield potential and moderate lodging resistance, and is adapted to the 2800–3000 crop heat unit (CHU) areas of Ontario. Key words: Soybean, cultivar description

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Zhang, Lixia, Xiaojing Sun, Xin Lu, Songli Wei, Qiang Sun, Lu Jin, Guohui Song, Jing You, and Fei Li. "Characterization of Peanut Protein Hydrolysate and Structural Identification of Umami-Enhancing Peptides." Molecules 27, no. 9 (April 30, 2022): 2853. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27092853.

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Umami peptides are naturally found in various foods and have been proven to be essential components contributing to food taste. Defatted peanut powder hydrolysate produced by a multiprotease (Flavorzyme, Alcalase, and Protamex) was found to elicit an umami taste and umami-enhancing effect. The taste profiles, hydrolysis efficiency, amino acids, molecular weight distribution, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and separation fractions obtained by ultrafiltration were evaluated. The results showed that peanut protein was extensively hydrolyzed to give mainly (up to 96.84%) free amino acids and peptides with low molecular weights (<1000 Da). Furthermore, β-sheets were the major secondary structure. Fractions of 1–3000 Da and <1000 Da prominently contributed to the umami taste and umami enhancement. To obtain umami-enhancing peptides, these two fractions were further purified by gel filtration chromatography, followed by sensory evaluation. These peptides were identified as ADSYRLP, DPLKY, EAFRVL, EFHNR, and SDLYVR by ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC), and had estimated thresholds of 0.107, 0.164, 0.134, 0.148, and 0.132 mmol/L, respectively. According to the results of this work, defatted peanut powder hydrolysate had an umami taste and umami-enhancing effect, and is a potential excellent umami peptide precursor material for the food industry.

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Sauceda-Gálvez, Jezer N., María Martinez-Garcia, Ma Manuela Hernández-Herrero, Ramón Gervilla, and Artur X. Roig-Sagués. "Short Wave Ultraviolet Light (UV-C) Effectiveness in the Inactivation of Bacterial Spores Inoculated in Turbid Suspensions and in Cloudy Apple Juice." Beverages 7, no. 1 (February 16, 2021): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/beverages7010011.

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Liquid foods might present interferences in their optical properties that can reduce the effectiveness of short-wave ultraviolet radiation (UV-C) treatments used for sterilization purposes. The effect of turbidity as UV-C interference factor against the inactivation of bacterial spores was analysed by using phosphate-buffered saline solutions (PBS) of different turbidity values (2000, 2500, and 3000 NTU) which were adjusted with the addition of apple fibre. These suspensions were inoculated with spores of Bacillus subtilis and Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris. While higher UV-C doses increased the inactivation rates of spores, these were reduced when turbidity values increased; a dose of 28.7 J/mL allowed inactivation rates of B. subtilis spores of 3.96 Log in a 2000-NTU suspension compared with 2.81 Log achieved in the 3000-NTU one. Spores of B. subtilis were more UV-C-resistant than A. acidoterrestris. Cloudy apple juice inoculated with A. acidoterrestris spores was processed by UV-C at different doses in a single pass and with recirculation of the matrix through the reactor. Inactivation increased significantly with recirculation, surpassing 5 Log after 125 J/mL compared with 0.13 Log inactivation after a single-pass treatment at the same UV-C dose. UV-C treatments with recirculation affected the optical properties (absorption coefficient at 254 nm and turbidity) of juice and increased browning as UV-C doses became higher.

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Sanusi, Rasaki A., Dantong Wang, Oluwaseun Ariyo, Toluwalope E. Eyinla, Marie Tassy, Alison L. Eldridge, Anuoluwapo Ogundero, et al. "Food Sources of Key Nutrients, Meal and Dietary Patterns among Children Aged 4–13 Years in Ibadan, Nigeria: Findings from the 2019 Kids Nutrition and Health Study." Nutrients 14, no. 1 (December 31, 2021): 200. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14010200.

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This study examined the contribution of food to nutrient intake, meal and dietary patterns among children aged 4–8 and 9–13 years in the city of Ibadan, Nigeria. Multi-pass 24-hour dietary recalls were used to assess intakes. Prudent and traditional Southwestern Nigerian dietary patterns were identified among children. The top foods and beverages were defined by frequency and amount consumed. Meal patterns were described by the eating occasions, while cluster analysis probed dietary patterns. About 88% of children had at least three meals including breakfast (95%), lunch (85%), dinner (92%) and midmorning meals (48%), while about 60% ate snacks at least once daily. Sources of energy and key nutrients were limited (yam, cassava, rice, maize, bread and beans/peas/legumes). The amount consumed per consumer of cassava products (192.2, 256.0 g), yam (169.7, 256.0 g), legumes (115.3, 150.7 g), corn/maize (160.4, 195.2), and rice (138.4, 182.3 g) were high, while beef (15.2, 17.9 g), eggs (50.6, 49.2 g), fish (27.5, 30.6 g), milk (24.2, 27.0 g) and nuts and seeds (18.2, 19.7 g) were low for children ages 4–8 and 9–13 years, respectively. In conclusion, while the frequency of meals suggests a healthy pattern, the top foods could not provide adequate nutrient (especially micronutrient) intake, which is key to the development of the target population.

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ST-LAURENT, ANNE-MARIE, J. W. G. NICHOLSON, M. HIDIROGLOU та M. SNODDON. "EFFECT OF α-TOCOPHEROL SUPPLEMENTATION TO DAIRY COWS ON MILK AND PLASMA α-TOCOPHEROL CONCENTRATIONS AND ON SPONTANEOUS OXIDIZED FLAVOR IN MILK". Canadian Journal of Animal Science 70, № 2 (1 червня 1990): 561–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas90-068.

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An α-tocopherol supplementation study was conducted with 12 Holstein cows, assigned to one of three dietary α-tocopherol levels, 0, 700, and 3000 IU cow−1 d−1, as dl-α-tocopheryl acetate. Cows were fed a basal diet of alfalfa silage and a barley-corn-soybean meal grain mix. The study consisted of a pretreatment (wk 0), a treatment (wk 1 to 5) and a posttreatment phase (wk 6 and 7). Peak milk α-tocopherol levels were observed at wk 1 for the 700 IU group and at wk 2 (P < 0.05) for the 3000 IU group. During wk 2 to 5 milk α-tocopherol concentrations were highest for the 3000 IU group and peaked at 22.0 μg g−1 lipid; plasma α-tocopherol levels increased by 0.7 and 1.3 μg mL−1 for the 700 and 3000 IU groups. By the end of the posttreatment phase, milk α-tocopherol concentrations had returned to wk 0 levels. A field study was conducted of four herds (142 cows) with a chronic spontaneous oxidized flavor (SOF) milk problem. The herds were fed α-tocopherol at 0, 700 and 3000 IU cow−1 d−1 in a changeover design of 2-wk periods followed by access to spring pasture for 4-wk. Milk flavor improved when higher levels of α-tocopherol were fed and SOF was minimal when pasture was grazed. The percentage of cows in the herds producing SOF milk was 68, 61, 56, and 8 for the 0, 700 and 3000 IU d−1 treatments and pasture, respectively. α-Tocopherol levels were highest (P < 0.05) in milk for the 700 IU d−1 level of feeding and in plasma (P < 0.05) when pasture was consumed. Milk and plasma α-tocopherol levels did not correlate well with improved flavor scores. Key words: Spontaneous oxidation, milk, α-tocopherol, dairy cow, flavor, vitamin E

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Fleury, Guillaume. "Carrières et engagement au sein d’un groupe de supporters de foot en Équateur." Cahiers des Amériques latines, no. 74 (December 31, 2013): 93–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/cal.3004.

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Ablett, G. R., B. T. Stirling, and J. D. Fischer. "RCAT Staples soybean." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 81, no. 3 (July 1, 2001): 451–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/p00-136.

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RCAT Staples is a mid-Maturity Group II soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] cultivar with excellent yield potential and good lodging resistance. It was developed by Ridgetown College, University of Guelph and is adapted to the 3000 –3500 heat unit areas of Southwestern Ontario. RCAT Staples was issued the registration number 4942 on 2 June 1999 by the Variety Registration Office, Plant Health & Production Division of the Canadian Food Inspection Agency. Key words: Soybean, cultivar description

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34

Soleas, George J., and David M. Goldberg. "Pesticide Residues in Unfermented Grape Juices and Raw Wines: A 5-year Survey of More than 3000 Products." Journal of Wine Research 11, no. 3 (December 2000): 197–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/713684237.

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Stirling, B. T., J. D. Fischer, and G. R. Ablett. "RCAT MatRix soybean." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 88, no. 2 (April 1, 2008): 345–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps07142.

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RCAT MatRix is a 2850 crop heat unit (CHU) soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] cultivar with excellent yield potential, good lodging resist ance and tolerance to the herbicide glyphosate. It was developed by the Ridgetown Campus, University of Guelph, and is adapted to the 2800–3000 CHU areas of Ontario. RCAT MatRix was issued registration number 6000 on 2005 Nov. 01 by the Variety Registration Office, Plant Production Division of the Canadian Food Inspection Agency. Key words: Soybean, cultivar description

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Kim-Mozeleski, Jin E., and Janice Y. Tsoh. "Food Insecurity and Psychological Distress Among Former and Current Smokers With Low Income." American Journal of Health Promotion 33, no. 2 (June 27, 2018): 199–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0890117118784233.

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Purpose: To examine how food insecurity and psychological distress interact in its association with smoking and to explore how food insecurity and psychological distress are associated with quitting smoking using quit ratio estimates. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Data from the 2015 California Health Interview Survey. Participants: A total of 3007 lower income adults who have ever smoked. Measures: Ever smoking was defined as smoking 100+ cigarettes in the entire lifetime, with current smoking defined as smoking “every day” or “some days” and former smoking defined as smoking “not at all.” Psychological distress and food insecurity were measured by the 6-item K6 Psychological Distress Scale and the 6-item Food Security Survey Short Form, respectively. Analysis: Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to examine correlates of smoking status. Quit ratios (percentage of ever smokers who have quit) were calculated across study variables. Results: Reporting food insecurity with psychological distress was independently associated with lower odds of being a former smoker, compared to reporting food security without psychological distress. The quit ratio was lower among ever smokers reporting food insecurity with distress (41%) compared to ever smokers reporting food security without distress (63%). Conclusions: Specific conditions of impoverishment, such as food insecurity, interact with psychological distress in its association with continued smoking. Interventions to reduce socioeconomic disparities in smoking should consider the interacting role of food insecurity and psychological distress.

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Gerten, D., J. Heinke, H. Hoff, H. Biemans, M. Fader, and K. Waha. "Global Water Availability and Requirements for Future Food Production." Journal of Hydrometeorology 12, no. 5 (October 1, 2011): 885–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2011jhm1328.1.

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Abstract This study compares, spatially explicitly and at global scale, per capita water availability and water requirements for food production presently (1971–2000) and in the future given climate and population change (2070–99). A vegetation and hydrology model Lund–Potsdam–Jena managed Land (LPJmL) was used to calculate green and blue water availability per capita, water requirements to produce a balanced diet representing a benchmark for hunger alleviation [3000 kilocalories per capita per day (1 kilocalorie = 4184 joules), here assumed to consist of 80% vegetal food and 20% animal products], and a new water scarcity indicator that relates the two at country scale. A country was considered water-scarce if its water availability fell below the water requirement for the specified diet, which is presently the case especially in North and East Africa and in southwestern Asia. Under climate (derived from 17 general circulation models) and population change (A2 and B1 emissions and population scenarios), water availability per person will most probably diminish in many regions. At the same time the calorie-specific water requirements tend to decrease, due mainly to the positive effect of rising atmospheric CO2 concentration on crop water productivity—which, however, is very uncertain to be fully realized in most regions. As a net effect of climate, CO2, and population change, water scarcity will become aggravated in many countries, and a number of additional countries are at risk of losing their present capacity to produce a balanced diet for their inhabitants.

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Widodo, S. E., M. Kamal, Zulferiyenni, D. Chandra та D. W. Kusuma. "Flower bagging effects on the α-mangostin content during mangosteen fruit growth". Supplementary 1 5, S1 (24 січня 2021): 103–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.5(s1).030.

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Mangosteen fruit (Garcinia mangostana L.) is consumed mainly for two purposes, i.e., its aril for fresh or minimally processed products and its rind for herb and other health-related products. In fact, due to the high portion of rind compared to its whole fruit, its rind has a more important economic value, especially for its α-mangostin content. This study reported the effects of flower baggings on the α-mangostin content during mangosteen fruit growth. This field research was conducted in a farmer’s field at Gisting village, Tanggamus District, Lampung Province, Indonesia. The study was arranged in a 2 × 3 factorial design. The first factor was bagging date [2 and 4 weeks after anthesis (WAA)], and the second one was bagging material (unbagged or control, banana ‘Cavendish’- paper bag, and balloon). Fruit samplings were conducted in every two weeks during the periods of 8-16 WAA. The α-mangostin content was analyzed with HPLC [DionexUltiMate® 3000, autosampler, column compartment, Ultimate 3000 pump, UV detector, column Enduro C-18 (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 µm) with C18 guard]. The results showed that the α-mangostin content increased in a sigmoid pattern during fruit growth, and the increase was mostly not affected by bagging, bagging materials, and application periods. The α-mangostin content increased tremendously during 10-14 WAA, regardless of bagging, bagging materials and application periods. Bagging had resulted in the decrease of α-mangostin content during the latest period of fruit growth, regardless of bagging materials and application periods

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Alaviuhkola, Timo, Kaija Suomi, and Axel Schulman. "Effect of dietary vitamin A level on performance, vitamin A content in the liver and leg weakness of growing finishing pigs." Agricultural and Food Science 1, no. 5 (September 1, 1992): 471–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.23986/afsci.72459.

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A total of 160 piglets, females and castrates, were divided at weight of 25 kg into four groups in order to study the effects of dietary vitamin A supplementation. The groups were balanced according to initial weight, sex and litter origin. The same basic mixture, consisting of barley and commercial protein concentrate with all minerals and vitamins except vitamin A, was used in feeding of all the piglets. The vitamin A activity of the mixture, however, was 646 IU/kg. Special vitamin A premixes were prepared by using a commercial product providing the four final four diets with 0, 1000, 3000 and 50000 IU/kg. Three piglets were sacrificed at the beginning of the trial to determine the content of liver vitamin A. It was found to vary between 7.3 and 10.2 mg/100 g fresh liver. There were no differences between the groups in daily gain,feed: gain ratio or carcass quality. A histological examination ofleg joints did not reveal an increased frequency of osteochondrosis in pigs fed with a high level of vitamin A. Growing finishing pigs, having adequate liver stores of vitamin A at 25 kg of live weight, grew without showing any visible signs of deficiency up to 100 kg weight with no vitamin A additions. However, the liver vitamin A analysis at slaughter showed that the recommendation for vitamin A in practical pig feeds should be higher than 1000 IU/kg. In the present experiment, 3000 HJ/kg was found to be a sufficient level.

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Nguyen, L. T., T. K. T. Nguyen, and H. C. Mai. "Concentration of lycopene from watermelon juice using cross-flow filtration assisted with diafiltration." Food Research 6, no. 4 (August 3, 2022): 259–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.6(4).513.

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Watermelon is a well-known and high-consumed fruit in Vietnam, considered a rich source of bioactive compounds, especially lycopene. The cross-flow filtration coupled with diafiltration was processed to obtain the concentrated lycopene. The microfiltration process was conducted at a temperature of 50-60oC by using a ceramic α-Al2O3 membrane with a pore size of 0.08 µm. Permeate was removed while the collected retentate was fractionated into two parts for further experiments. The first part of the retentate was directly centrifuged. The effect of centrifugation time (2, 5, and 8 mins) and speed (1000, 3000, and 5000 rpm) on lycopene content were evaluated. The other part of the retentate was purified by the diafiltration process. The ratio of retentate: water was varied from 1:0.5 to 1:2 (w/w) to determine its influence on the lycopene content. The results showed that the suitable transmembrane pressure was selected at 5 bars. The membrane fouling phenomena was also observed by a rapid decrease in permeate flux in 40 min, followed by a gradual reduction. The suitable condition of centrifugation was processed at 3000 rpm in 5 mins. The centrifuged retentate in 60 mins of microfiltration contained a lycopene content of 146.63±2.76 µg/mL. The retentate: water ratio of 1:0.5 was noted as an effective ratio to purify the lycopene content, achieving 273.42±4.56 µg/mL. The physicochemical properties of the raw watermelon juice and retentate indicated a positive result from the retentate with enhanced total solid content, lycopene concentration as well as purity.

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Shi, Ce, Meiyao Che, Xiaowei Zhang, Zuojia Liu, Rizeng Meng, Xiujuan Bu, Haiqing Ye, and Na Guo. "Antibacterial activity and mode of action of totarol against Staphylococcus aureus in carrot juice." Journal of Food Science and Technology 55, no. 3 (February 3, 2018): 924–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13197-017-3000-2.

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42

Karabey, Burcin, Didem Eroglu, Caner Vural, Guven Ozdemir, Oktay Yerlikaya, and Ozer Kinik. "Determination of the microbial flora in traditional İzmir Tulum cheeses by Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis." Journal of Food Science and Technology 55, no. 3 (February 6, 2018): 956–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13197-017-3003-z.

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43

Mojerlou, Zohreh, and Amirhhossein Elhamirad. "Optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of phenolic compounds from olive cake." Journal of Food Science and Technology 55, no. 3 (February 3, 2018): 977–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13197-017-3005-x.

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44

Sadjadi, F. Seyed, M. Honarvar, A. Kalbasi-Ashtari, and P. Motaghian. "Bleaching effects of massecuite on some properties of crystallized sugar beet and milk chocolate bars produced." Journal of Food Science and Technology 55, no. 4 (February 16, 2018): 1224–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13197-017-3007-8.

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Kumar, Sudheer, S. K. Mendiratta, Ravi Kant Agrawal, Heena Sharma, and Bhanu Pratap Singh. "Anti-oxidant and anti-microbial properties of mutton nuggets incorporated with blends of essential oils." Journal of Food Science and Technology 55, no. 2 (January 3, 2018): 821–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13197-017-3009-6.

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Batool, F., H. A. Khan, and M. Saif-ur Rehman. "Feeding ecology of blue rock pigeon (Columba livia) in the three districts of Punjab, Pakistan." Brazilian Journal of Biology 80, no. 4 (December 2020): 881–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.225451.

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Abstract Present paper provides information on the feeding regimens of the two genders of the blue-rock pigeon (Columba livia Linn.) in the sampled habitats of the three districts viz. Rawalpindi, Faisalabad and Bahawalpur of the Punjab province, Pakistan. This feral pigeon, considered ubiquitous species, inhabits both the grasslands and clumped environments to establish their roosts and nests. The study explored about comparable feeding proportions from three major habitats of the pigeons which were captured with medium sized mist-nets. For Rawalpindi in the winter season, the Zea mays was one of the predominant food item (30.6%) for males, and other ranked major food contents were (26.7%, 22.4% and 20.2%), and fairly similar feeding proportions were also recorded for the females (50.4%, 33.3%, 36.4% and 23.9%) for Carthamus oxyacantha, Hordeum vulgare, Triticum aestivum and Zea mays respectively. Evidently, no significant deviations in the existing food crops for the three sites for the feral pigeon were detected, which strongly suggested that the, modes of feeding habits among the sustainable roosts and nests which were closely located to food crops, exerted negligible impacts during intermittent pigeon foraging movements in the diurnal conditions.

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KENNEDY, J. E., C. I. WEI, and J. L. OBLINGER. "Characterization of Coliphages Recovered from Foods According to Temperature of Infectivity." Journal of Food Protection 49, no. 12 (December 1, 1986): 952–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-49.12.952.

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Coliphages recovered from 38 samples of ten different food products were characterized with regard to temperature of infectivity. High temperature (HT) phages were capable of reproduction at or above 30°C, mid temperature (MT) phages over a range of 20 to 42°C and low temperature (LT) phages at or below 20°C. The percentage of HT coliphages isolated with Escherichia coli C-3000 host were consistently higher than corresponding percentages with E. coli C host. Coliphages recovered from all products were primarily HT or MT coliphages.

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ERZURUM ALİM, Nural, Öykü Peren TÜRK FİDAN, Şuğra Nur BARLAS, Esin BAŞPINAR, Gizem BİÇER, Nacize CENGİZ, and Elif Hümeyra ERTOY. "EVALUATION OF SLEEP QUALITY, EMOTIONAL APPETITE STATUS AND FOOD CONSUMPTION OF INDIVIDUALS DURING THE PANDEMIC PROCESS." INTERNATIONAL REFEREED ACADEMIC JOURNAL OF SPORTS, no. 40 (2021): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.17363/sstb.2020/abcd89/.40.3.

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This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between emotional appetite status and food consumption and sleep quality during the Covid-19 pandemic process. It was carried out electronically between December 2020 - February 2021. 860 people participating in the study constituted the sample of the study. The demographic characteristics, general health status, nutritional habits and anthropometric measurements of the individuals were recorded with the personal information form. Emotional Appetite Questionnaire (SIS), Food Frequency Questionnaire and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PUKI) were used as data collection tools. 65.8% of the individuals participating in the study were female and 34.2% were male. The mean age of women is 30.6±10.08 years, while that of men is 27.1±8.65 years. A negative and statistically significant correlation was found between individuals' positive total score of DIA and Body Mass Index (BMI) (kg/m2) values (r=-0.158; p<0.001). The relationship between individuals' negative DIA total score and BMI (kg/m2) values is positive and statistically significant. (r=0.458; p<0.001). As a result, it is thought that individuals' food intake and emotional appetite are related. It has been observed that the Covid-19 pandemic can cause significant changes in the sleep quality, eating habits and appetite of individuals.

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Sather, A. P., S. D. M. Jones, and D. R. C. Bailey. "Real-time ultrasound image analysis for the estimation of carcass yield and pork quality." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 76, no. 1 (March 1, 1996): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas96-008.

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Average backfat thickness measurements (liveweight of 92.5 kg) were made on 276 pigs using the Krautkramer USK7 ultrasonic machine. Immediately preceding and 1 h after slaughter real-time ultrasonic images were made between the 3rd and 4th last ribs with the Tokyo Keiki LS-1000 (n = 149) and/or CS-3000 (n = 240) machines. Image analysis software was used to measure fat thickness (FT), muscle depth (MD) and area (MA) as well as scoring the number of objects, object area and percentage object area of the loin to be used for predicting meat quality. Carcasses were also graded by the Hennessy Grading Probe (HGP). Prediction equations for lean in the primal cuts based on USK7 and LS-1000 animal fat measurements had R2-values (residual standard deviations, RSD) of 0.62 (27.0) and 0.66 (25.7). Adding MD or MA to LS-1000 FT measurements increased the R2-values to 0.68 and 0.66. Prediction equations using animal fat measurements made by the USK7 and CS-3000 had R2-values (RSD) of 0.66 (26.5) and 0.76 (22.4). Adding MD or MA to CS-3000 FT measurements made no further improvement in the R2-values. Estimation of commercial lean yield from carcass FT and MD measurements made by the HGP and LS-1000 had R2-values (RSD) of 0.58 (1.72) and 0.65 (1.56). Adding MA to LS-1000 measurements made no further improvement in the R2-values. Prediction equations based on carcass FT and MD measurements made by the HGPandCS-3000 had R2-values (RSD) of 0.68 (1.65) and 0.72 (1.54). Adding MA to CS-3000 measurements made no further improvement in the prediction equation. It was concluded that RTU has most value for predicting carcass lean content and further improvements in precision will come from more accurate FT measurements from RTU images made by image analysis software. Correlation of the number of objects, object area and of percent object area of image from RTU images with intramuscular fat or marbling score made on the live pig or carcass were low, and presently do not appear suitable for predicting intramuscular fat. Key words: Carcass composition, meat quality, marbling, intramuscular fat, sex, pigs

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Riedmüller, Jonathan, Klaus Männer, Wilfried Vahjen, Arturo Piñon, Alessandra Monteiro, and Jürgen Zentek. "PSIX-27 Effects of supplemented zinc oxide in post-weaning piglets from d 25 to d 52 of age." Journal of Animal Science 99, Supplement_3 (October 8, 2021): 500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skab235.881.

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Abstract Supplementation of pharmacological levels of ZnO (3000 ppm) is widely used for prevention and treatment of diarrhea in weaning piglets and to improve their performance. However, this practice has raised concerns about environmental impact, antimicrobial resistance and nutritional interactions. In this study we compared graded amounts of regular ZnO to equivalent levels of potentiated ZnO (HiZox), added to the piglet’s diets. Our aim was to assess possible advantages of different Zn sources as well as a reduction potential regarding the supplemented dose. Therefore, 1440 piglets (initial BW 10.1 ± 1.55 kg) were randomly allotted to 12 dietary treatments: supplementation of 150, 300, 600, 900, 1500 and 3000 ppm of Zn from regular ZnO or equivalent from HiZox. From day 1 to day 14, piglets were fed dietary treatments accordingly; from day 15 to day 28 all groups received HiZox at 150 ppm. Performance was recorded on d 1, 14 and 28 on trial.The highest (P < 0.001) ADG was observed for piglets fed HiZox at 3000 ppm (247 g/d), while HiZox at 900 ppm and regular ZnO at 3000 ppm presented the same ADG values. The subsequent 14-day levelling to 150 ppm of HiZox led on average to similar body weight gains (ZnO: 7.05 kg; HiZox: 6.93 kg). ADFI increased (P < 0.001) in the first 14 d of trial with increasing Zn levels for both sources. Comparison of ZnO at 3000 ppm and HiZox at 900 ppm showed similar effects on improving fecal consistency during the first two weeks after weaning, which may be due to the more effective surface specific area of HiZox than regular ZnO. In conclusion, HiZox at 900 ppm can be used for improving growth performance and fecal consistency during the first two weeks after weaning as an alternative to the pharmacological level of regular ZnO.

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