Статті в журналах: "Accidents de la route – Statistiques"

1

Goré, Catherine, and Catherine Gore. "Statistiques et réalité de la mortalité par accidents de la route." Population (French Edition) 44, no. 6 (November 1989): 1240. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1533445.

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2

Lauwick, P. "(A246) Secourisme Aux Permis De Conduire: Quel Programme Retenir?" Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 26, S1 (May 2011): s68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x11002329.

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La réalisation de gestes de secours adaptés par le premier témoin diminue la mortalité et réduit les séquelles pour les survivants après accident et détresse vitale. L'Académie Nationale de Médecine Française a souhaité, dans un rapport adopté en juin 2010 une systématisation des obligations de formation de la population au secourisme, soulignant le retard de la France en la matière. L'Automobile Club Médical de France (ACMF) souhaite rebondir sur la dynamique induite par ce travail afin de concevoir un programme spécifique de premiers secours aux accidentés de la route. Il souhaite une généralisation rapide de son enseignement à tous les candidats aux permis de conduire. L'objectif d'avoir lors de chaque accident du trafic un premier témoin capable de maintenir la survie des victimes en attendant l'arrivée des secours professionnels est clair. Le contenu de cet enseignement et les modalités pédagogiques sont en cours de réflexion par un groupe réuni à l'initiative de l'ACMF. Cette proposition sera soumise à l'observatoire national du secourisme en charge de la validation des contenus. La séquence de formation ainsi retenue aura vocation à devenir le module de base pour la formation des usagers de la route, à l'image du module “Alerter-Masser-Défibriller” dans le domaine de l'urgence cardiaque. Nous présenterons donc les principales causes et les statistiques estimées de morts évitables par l'intervention des premiers témoins.Puis nous décrirons les gestes réalisables par tout citoyen formé: alerte rapide et adaptée, prévention des sur-accidents, libération des voies aériennes supérieures, arrêt des saignements visibles. Ce programme sera une formation courte, pratique et gestuelle.

3

Chafika, Hebbar, Tires Hachemi, and Hassani Maya Meriem. "Risque routier et securite routiere en Algerie." Territorium, no. 27(I) (January 22, 2020): 133–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/1647-7723_27-1_10.

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Si la voiture est le moyen de transport le plus utilisé, les accidents routiers sont la principale cause de décès. Les trois acteurs de la conduite sont : le Conducteur, le Véhicule et l’Infrastructure. L’Algérie est classée parmi les pays qui enregistrent un nombre élevé d’accidents ces dernières années. Les statistiques du centre national de prévention et sécurité routière algérien, montrent que les causes directes des accidents de circulation sont liées à l’homme, au véhicule et à l’environnement. Le comportement humain se manifeste par l’excès de vitesse, suivi de l’alcoolémie et non-respect du code de la route. Nous proposons des mesures qui contribueraient à la réduction des accidents ; Ceci par l’adoption et l’application des lois, prenant en compte les facteurs de risque, les compagnes de sensibilisation et de prévention des catégories sociales concernées par la mortalité routière. Ces propositions peuvent être lancées à travers les mass-médias, la réduction de l’utilisation du véhicule individuel et l’encouragement du transport commun en contribuant à la préservation de la santé humaine et la lutte contre l’apparition des maladies cardio-vasculaires.

4

Tornquist, Carmen Susana. "« Retournez à vos fourneaux » : réflexions sur la mobilité urbaine et la violence routière dans l’île de la Magie." Articles 22, no. 1 (August 31, 2009): 69–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/037796ar.

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Résumé Cet article présente une recherche en cours qui analyse les représentations sociales d’événements tels les accidents de la circulation routière dans une ville brésilienne. Le trafic urbain y est considéré comme un scénario central de la vie urbaine contemporaine, sorte de « lieu de passage » constitutif de l’espace public, où les sujets établissent des relations fugaces mais significatives de leurs représentations de l’Autre marquées par l’identification ou par le conflit et la violence. Le texte analyse les représentations de genre et générationnelles présentes dans les statistiques dites de « violence du trafic urbain » dans une perspective socioanthropologique et féministe, en envisageant les relations entre le modèle brésilien de développement et d’urbanisation, fortement privatisé et centré sur la route, et l’arrivée des femmes sur le marché du travail et de la mobilité urbaine.

5

Yao, Xiaoquan, Robin Skinner, Steven McFaull, and Wendy Thompson. "Aperçu - Décès attribuables à des blessures au Canada en 2015." Promotion de la santé et prévention des maladies chroniques au Canada 39, no. 6/7 (June 2019): 248–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.24095/hpcdp.39.6/7.03f.

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Les blessures demeurent un sujet de préoccupation pour la santé publique au Canada. Disposer de données nationales sur les décès attribuables à des blessures est indispensable pour comprendre l’importance et le profil des blessures. Nous avons utilisé pour cet article la base de données sur les décès des statistiques de l’état civil pour examiner les décès associés aux blessures en 2015. Nous avons réparti les blessures par cause de décès et nous avons effectué une analyse plus approfondie par catégorie de blessure en fonction du sexe et de l’âge. Les blessures non intentionnelles étaient à la sixième place des causes de décès en général, ce classement variant selon le sexe. Les principales causes de décès attribuables à des blessures non intentionnelles étaient les chutes, les empoisonnements, les accidents de la route et la suffocation, avec des variations selon les groupes d’âge.

6

Rallu, Jean-Louis. "Conduite automobile et accidents de la route." Population (French Edition) 45, no. 1 (January 1990): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1533259.

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7

Bourgeois, Isabelle. "Accidents de la route : différences de culture." Regards sur l’économie allemande, no. 116-117 (July 1, 2015): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/rea.4831.

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8

Li, Yafei. "Analysis and Forecast of Global Civil Aviation Accidents for the Period 1942-2016." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2019 (February 18, 2019): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/5710984.

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With the increase of global civil aviation transportation, more and more researchers pay attention to the analysis of civil aviation accidents. Time series analysis can obtain the variation law in a large amount of data, and there is no research result of aviation accident time series yet. Based on the Mann-Kendall trend analysis and mutation analysis methods, this paper studied the change trend of accidents and casualties in different flight stages of civil aviation and built ARIMA (Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average model) time series analysis model to predict the number of civil aviation accidents and casualties by the long-term data in the world. (1) The number of civil aviation accidents fluctuates generally in the world; from 1942 to 2016, there were two fluctuation periods of civil aviation accidents. (2) The number of global civil aviation casualties from 1942 to 2016 showed a parabola trend of increasing first and then decreasing. The highest number of casualties appeared in 1972, which was 2373; on the different flight stages, the number of accidents was different. In the air route and approach phase, the number of accidents was the most, and the number of casualties was more than other flight phases, accounting for about 50% of the whole flight phase. (3) In addition to the land phase, the number of accidents showed a significant decrease in other flight phases; while the air route and total number of casualties decreased significantly, the number of casualties at other flight phases did not decrease significantly. There were no sudden changes in the number of global civil aviation accidents and approach casualties. (4) The sudden change point of the global civil aviation casualties was 2013, the sudden change point of the air route stage accidents was 1980, the sudden change point of approach stage accidents was 2012, and the sudden change point of air route stage casualties was 2006. According to the ARIMA (1,0,1) model, the numbers of global civil aviation accidents and casualties were predicted to 2025. Through time series research, we have explored the variation law in the historical data of long-term aviation accidents and predicted the possible changes of future aviation accidents, providing data reference for aviation safety research.

9

Cara, Maurice, L. Auquier, P. Banzet, R. Boulu, M. Cara, M. Goulon, L. Hollender, R. Nordmann, and Ph Vichard. "La médecine face aux accidents de la route." Bulletin de l'Académie Nationale de Médecine 187, no. 6 (June 2003): 1169–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0001-4079(19)33946-9.

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10

Cottencin, O., S. Duhem, F. Ducrocq, A. L. Demarty, and G. Vaiva. "Conduites addictives, psychotraumatisme et accidents de la route." Annales Médico-psychologiques, revue psychiatrique 167, no. 7 (September 2009): 537–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amp.2009.07.009.

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11

Roy, Nirmal Chandra. "Factors of Fatigue on Long-route Drivers in Bangladesh." Civil Engineering Beyond Limits 3, no. 3 (November 6, 2022): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.36937/cebel.2022.1726.

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In various studies, driver fatigue is a major contributing factor to fatal road accidents. In Bangladesh, road accidents and fatalities increased by 13.43% and 15.7% respectively, in 2021 compared with 2020. It is growing substantially and frighteningly, resulting in a significant loss of life and resources. Drivers in Bangladesh are more likely to have fatigue-related accidents, which increases their vulnerability on the social and economic aspects as well as their probability of becoming disabled. This study was conducted in three districts (Dinajpur, Gaibandha, Rajshahi) which are northwest region of Bangladesh. In these, study 103 drivers of long route above 400km were interviewed through discussions to gather information on drivers, such as their age, driving history, economic conditions, the times of day when they are most likely affected by fatigue, causes of fatigue, and suggestions from their perspective. The study found 17 factors and the most important factors are lack of sleep (17%), traffic jams (8%), police harassment (8%), bad road conditions (13%), daytime driving restriction (1%) and drug consumption (1%). This study will assist policymakers in creating an environment to adopt appropriate preventive measures to reduce fatigue induced accidents.

12

Nissoul, Hakim, Fouad Riane, and Ahmed Mousrij. "Proposition d’un modèle de maturité pour la gestion des risques : application au secteur industriel au Maroc." Assurances et gestion des risques 84, no. 1-2 (November 13, 2017): 53–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1041820ar.

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Les statistiques sur les accidents liés aux risques industriels sont alarmantes. Les conséquences de ces accidents peuvent être très néfastes pour l’entreprise, ses biens, ses salariés, sa notoriété, son environnement et pour les populations avoisinantes. Pour réduire ces risques, l’entreprise doit avoir une politique de gestion des risques pertinente, clairement définie, correctement mise en oeuvre et inscrite dans une démarche globale d’amélioration continue. Dans cette perspective, nous proposons dans le présent papier un modèle de maturité en matière de gestion des risques pour les entreprises industrielles avec une approche de mesure et validation par l’étude de cas, appliquée à une quinzaine d’entreprises de droit marocain. Cet outil permettrait aux managers d’évaluer leur niveau de maîtrise des risques industriels, d’identifier les points faibles, et de prendre les décisions adéquates leur permettant de transformer leurs organisations en des organisations fiables.

13

Zou, Yang, Shuliang Zou, and Changming Niu. "The Optimization of Emergency Evacuation from Nuclear Accidents in China." Sustainability 10, no. 8 (August 3, 2018): 2737. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10082737.

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An emergency evacuation route is an important component of emergency rescue of for nuclear accidents. A reasonable evacuation route can reduce evacuation times and protect people’s life. The evacuation route of the nuclear power plant is abstracted into a network diagram and a mathematical model of evacuation optimization route based on the graph theory and the parity of spot diagram method in this paper. Road traffic capacity and other external factors that may affect emergency evacuation are considered in the time weight factor for each road. Finally, an example is given to verify the feasibility of the model.

14

Singleton, Alex D., and Daniel J. Lewis. "Including Accident Information in Automatic Bicycle Route Planning for Urban Areas." Urban Studies Research 2011 (January 3, 2011): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/362817.

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Between 2005 and 2007 there were 9071 traffic accidents involving bicycles within London and this paper demonstrates the utility of Geographic Information Systems as a tool for analysing and visualising these occurrences. Through linkage of these spatial locations to a street network dataset it was possible to create a variety of intelligence about the types of street infrastructure where accidents predominantly occur. Additionally, a network routing algorithm was adapted to account for the frequency of accidents within a series of proposed journeys. This pilot routing application compared the quickest route with an accident avoidance weighted route between a series of origins and destinations. The results demonstrated that the routes avoiding areas of high accident volume did not increase journey length significantly; however they did provide a “safer” route based on empirical evidence over the volume of accident locations.

15

Sarraf, Reza, and Michael P. McGuire. "A Data Driven Approach for Safe Route Planning." International Journal of Applied Geospatial Research 9, no. 1 (January 2018): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijagr.2018010101.

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The rate of road accident fatalities depends on many factors including vehicle, roadway, environmental and driver characteristics. This research aims at reducing accidents using a data driven approach. Route planning applications such as Google Maps consider shortest time from a start point to a given destination. However, there are roads with design issues or high-risk roads that can result in fatal accidents and should be avoided. Although there are existing accident risk maps to help drivers to avoid such roads, these maps can be confusing and must be manually interpreted by drivers to find the safest path. The manual interpretation of the map is a time consuming and difficult task which results in ignoring the risk maps by drivers, due to complexity. This research aims at developing a novel tool to find the safest route. The resulting safe route is then compared to the path suggested by Google Maps.

16

Timofeeva, Svetlana S., Semen S. Timofeev, and Aleksey А. Taskaev. "Risks of road accidents in Irkutsk region." XXI century. Technosphere Safety 5, no. 4 (December 2020): 411–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.21285/2500-1582-2020-4-411-420.

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The article deals with the issue of road safety. The aim is to analyze the accident rate on the roads of rkutsk region and assess the risk of road traffic accidents (RTA). The research is based on statistical data. A comparative analysis of the risks of road accidents and the risks of death of road users is carried out. The risk of death in accidents is higher in Slyudyanka district than in Irkutsk region, which is due to the complex route and mountainous areas. The damage caused by road traffic accidents is increasing every year.

17

Sfez, Christine. "Les accidents de la route : hasard ou choix de destin." Le Journal des psychologues 241, no. 8 (2006): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/jdp.241.0049.

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18

Charbotel, B., E. Fort, M. Chiron, and P. Davezies. "Facteurs de risques des accidents de la route en mission." Archives des Maladies Professionnelles et de l'Environnement 67, no. 2 (May 2006): 238. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1775-8785(06)78108-5.

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19

Royant-Parola, Sylvie, Viviane Kovess, Sylvain Dagneaux, Frédérique Aussert, Céline Martinot, Claire Colas Des Francs, and Sarah Hartley. "Les hypnotiques : facteur protecteur contre les accidents de la route ?" Médecine du Sommeil 17, no. 1 (March 2020): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msom.2019.12.072.

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20

Planić, Jovana. "Defining risks on road sections during the transport of dangerous goods in the Serbian army using the linear mathematical programming model." Vojnotehnicki glasnik 70, no. 4 (2022): 939–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/vojtehg70-36071.

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Introduction/purpose: The paper presents a model for the selection of a route for the transport of dangerous goods using DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) models and fuzzy logic systems. The presented model is used to define the risk on road sections during the transport of dangerous goods as well as to select the optimal route for the realization of the transport task. Methods: The model consists of two phases. The first phase includes the application of DEA models in which formed input and output models are connected in the output DEA final form which shows routes with a satisfactory level of traffic safety and at the same time eliminates routes with low traffic safety. The second phase involves the application of fuzzy logic systems, and as a way out of the fuzzy system, preference is given to one route. Route evaluation is based on six criteria, namely: route length, number of access points, AADT (annual average daily traffic), the number of traffic accidents with fatalities, the number of traffic accidents with the injured and the number of traffic accidents with material damage. When the values of the input criteria are entered, a calculation and evaluation is performed, and, as an exit from the fuzzy system, preference is given to one of the entered routes (the route with the lowest level of risk). The criteria used were defined on the basis of expert assessments. Results: A user program that represents decision support in traffic service. Conclusion: The user platform was created for the Matlab R2015a software package with the ability to be adapted to specific problems.

21

Li, Yafei, and Chen Liang. "The Analysis of Spatial Pattern and Hotspots of Aviation Accident and Ranking the Potential Risk Airports Based on GIS Platform." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2018 (December 11, 2018): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4027498.

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Aviation accident analysis is an important task to ensure aviation safety. The existing researches mainly focus on the analysis of aviation accident time characteristics and accident causes and less analysis of the spatial characteristics of aviation accidents. The spatial characteristics analysis of aviation accidents can identify hot spots of aviation accidents, improve the accuracy of aviation accident emergency management, and provide decision support for airport route planning. This study established the severity index of aviation accident based on aviation accident data, using GIS spatial analysis methods to study the spatial distribution characteristics of aviation accidents. The hot spots were identified in the aviation accidents. Finally, airports around the accident hot spots were ranked to obtain the airports with high potential aviation risks based on RI, taking Florida as an example. It was found that in the Florida aviation accident, general aviation accidents accounted for the majority, but the aviation accident severity index for air route flight was far greater than general aviation accidents. From the spatial distribution point of view, accidents with high severity index were distributed around large international airports. The Density Center for Aviation Accidents was located in Tampa, Miami, and some airports link areas in Florida. In terms of the Moran’s I index, the distribution of aviation accidents tended to aggregate in the region as a whole. However, aviation accident severity index was randomly distributed for each year separately. At the level of significance of 0.01, there were a total of 75 accident hotspots in the Florida region, mainly in the north and southwest. Airports with high RI in the Florida area were mainly concentrated in the Miami area and the Tampa Bay area, and Orlando Airport was ranked outside the top 10.

22

Yue, Huang, Qin Gui He, Liu Tong, Sun Ning, and Wang Xiao Dan. "Warning of Potential Collision for Vehicles." Open Mechanical Engineering Journal 9, no. 1 (October 7, 2015): 806–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874155x01509010806.

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A moving vehicle may very likely run into accidents. The occurrence rate of accidents would be largely reduced if the driver is warned in advance, even only 0.5 s earlier. For a running vehicle, the driving route within short time before collision has the characteristic of Markov. In this case, the coordinates of position only have to be considered within a short range, rather than the running status during the past long period. Within short period before collision, the driving route can be basically divided into two states: a straight line and a binomial curve. In this paper, a mechanism is proposed for sending collision warning messages to running vehicles.

23

Praja, S. W., and R. W. Darmawan. "Safety Route and Facility Planning for Student in Education Area." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1092, no. 1 (October 1, 2022): 012007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1092/1/012007.

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Abstract The educational area in the city of Magelang is also near the central Business District (CBD). The schools are SDN 6 Magelang, SMPN 4 Magelang, SMPN 1 Magelang, SMPN 2 Magelang, SMKN 3 Magelang. These Schools are located on two roads namely Jl. Pahlawan and Jl Kapten Pierre Tendean. From data the traffic unit of Magelang city, accidents from 2018 to 2020 there were 292 accident victims that resulted in students. The data shows that the number of accidents involving students ranks first in traffic accidents in magelang city. The highest accident time was at 06.00-12.00 with 307 incidents explaining that the accident rate occurred during school hours. The problem with public transportation in the area is that the standard of public transportation services is still low, especially in that area, the waiting time is long where the average student waits 15 to 20 minutes when they want to use transportation facilities in the are therefore, many people choose private transportation The Based on the results of the analysis, routes will be determined, the provision of facilities, the impact of Rute Aman Selamat Sekolah (School safety route) and the design of pedestrian areas, cyclist, public transportation and private transportation, in addition to that, drop points, bus stop facilities for each school and tecnial specifications of road markings according to ISO Standars (9001:2015) will be determined.

24

Xue, Tong Lai, Hui Ming Wu, Wei Hong Liao, Xiao Hui Lei, and Hao Xu. "Emergency Control Strategy for Unexpected Water Pollution Accidents in the Middle Route Open Channel of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project." Advanced Materials Research 1030-1032 (September 2014): 519–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1030-1032.519.

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This paper takes a typical channel passage in the middle route of the South-to-North water diversion project as an example to study emergency control strategies for unexpected water pollution accidents. A one-dimensional Saint Venant equation and water quality numerical model is developed, considering limitations such as the migration velocity of pollutants, water level fluctuation, and variations in the channel. Emergency control strategies for each gate are proposed for unexpected water pollution accidents and gate closing rules are established. Parameters such as the channel water depletion rate, stabilization time, water level fluctuation, and water quality are simulated under different control strategies in order to ensure the safe operation of water transport and to decide on the control strategy for unexpected water pollution accidents. Such studies can provide reference information for the development of emergency strategies in the middle route of the South-to-North water diversion project.

25

Brunet, Bertrand, Ysé Sauvageon, Paola Palazzo, Julien Guignet, Patrick Mura, and Jean-Philippe Neau. "Accidents vasculaires cérébraux du sujet jeune et usage de stupéfiants : 1 – Analyse des pratiques et données statistiques." Toxicologie Analytique et Clinique 31, no. 1 (March 2019): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxac.2018.11.002.

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26

Wang, Jian Jun, A. Jin Ma, Fa Yao Xu, and Hao Qi Yin. "Research on Vehicles’ Detouring Route Choice Behavior under Traffic Accident Conditions." Applied Mechanics and Materials 209-211 (October 2012): 874–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.209-211.874.

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In order to determine the impact area and impact degree of traffic accidents, we made this research. We divided vehicles’ detouring behavior under traffic accident conditions into two stages and studied them respectively. The two stages are the initial detouring route choice and the route choice after vehicles reach the normal network. For the first stage, we firstly analyzed the particularity of vehicles’ detouring behavior, on the basis of which we determined the detouring process. Then, combing with an example, we calculated the “utilities” of alternative paths using the “prospect theory”, and used the result to determine vehicles’ initial detouring route. For the second stage, we suggested using the traditional traffic assignment methods, with reasons given. In this paper, a combination of the “prospect theory” and the traditional traffic assignment methods is used. The result helps to study vehicles’ detouring behavior and traffic accidents’ impact.

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Lajunen, Timo, Juha Karola, and Heikki Summala. "Speed and Acceleration as Measures of Driving Style in Young Male Drivers." Perceptual and Motor Skills 85, no. 1 (August 1997): 3–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1997.85.1.3.

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This study investigated different measures of speed and acceleration as indicators of safe driving style. 58 young males drove a 7.1-km test route twice in an instrumented car. Drivers were instructed to drive as they usually do. Driving style was measured by both site-specific measures (speed on a crest and speed and lateral acceleration in a sharp and a gentle curve) and general measures (maximum speed and lateral and longitudinal accelerations over the route). Analysis of variance (accident involvement × mileage) showed that drivers who had had prior accidents drove at higher speed and higher accelerations on a sharp curve than accident-free drivers. Drivers involved with accidents drove at higher maximum speed, left accelerations (at right-hand curves), and Equivalent Vector Acceleration, a mean parameter of accelerations, than accident-free drivers. However, multiple regression analysis indicated that only maximum speed predicted the number of accidents significantly. In conclusion, maximum speed seemed to be a convenient and robust measure of a safe driving style.

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MASIULIONIS, Tadas, Darius MINIOTAS, Darius RUDINSKAS, Ramūnas KIKUTIS, and Gabrielė MASIULIONIENĖ. "Application of automated trajectory design for pilot flight assessment during route flights." Aviation 21, no. 3 (October 5, 2017): 75–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16487788.2017.1379440.

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Flight accuracy in the airspace is becoming an increasingly difficult issue due to the expanding number of aircraft operating in it. In order to meet the needs of all airspace users, aircraft flows are being increased, and different aircraft systems that minimise the risk of aircraft accidents are being developed to ensure flight safety. However, statistically, the impact of the human factor on aviation accidents and incidents remains high. This article focuses on the assessment of pilot flight accuracy during route flights and presents a methodology based on automated assessment tunnels for accurately assessing pilot flight deviations from a pre-set flight trajectory axis both on the horizontal and vertical plane.

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Ihsan, Taufiq, Yaumal Arbi, Andi Irawan, and Intan Purnama Sari. "Fatigue Analysis to Driver of Intercity in West Sumatra Province, Indonesia (Case Study of Padang – Bukittinggi – Payakumbuh Route)." JURNAL PENDIDIKAN TEKNOLOGI KEJURUAN 3, no. 4 (January 26, 2021): 227–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/jptk.v3i4.16023.

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Traffic accidents were common problems in the implementation of a transportation system, including in West Sumatra Province, Indonesia. Traffic accidents that occur every year were the evidence by the number of traffic accidents that occur every year. One of the causes of traffic violations that result in accidents is the risk of driver fatigue while working. This study analyzed the work-fatigue in the driver of the Intercity in Province bus (AKDP) the scope of this study was all AKDP bus drivers with the origin of Padang City, Bukittinggi City, and Payakumbuh City. Measurement and analysis of work-fatigue were using the reaction timer to light response. The results showed that increasing the number of shifts would increase driver fatigue. 33.33% of drivers run into medium level of fatigue, and 38.89% of drivers run into heavy level of fatigue. The relationship between work-fatigue and the driver's shift correlated very strongly and positively with a correlation value of r = 0.81. The owner of the company needs to take measures to improve management to minimize the level of work on this driver that has the potential to cause traffic accidents.

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de Boissieu, Jean-Luc. "L’assurance auto face à la baisse des accidents de la route." Revue d'économie financière 80, no. 3 (2005): 99–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/ecofi.2005.4087.

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Xu, Ke, Wen-mei Gai, and Saïd Salhi. "Dynamic emergency route planning for major chemical accidents: Models and application." Safety Science 135 (March 2021): 105113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2020.105113.

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Yao, Xiaoquan, Robin Skinner, Steven McFaull, and Wendy Thompson. "Hospitalisations pour blessure au Canada en 2018-2019." Promotion de la santé et prévention des maladies chroniques au Canada 40, no. 9 (September 2020): 311–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.24095/hpcdp.40.9.03f.

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Les statistiques nationales sur les hospitalisations pour blessure sont essentielles pour comprendre le fardeau et le profil des blessures. Dans cette étude, on a utilisé la Base de données sur les congés des patients afin d’analyser les hospitalisations pour blessure au Canada (à l’exception du Québec) pour l’exercice 2018-2019. Il en ressort que les blessures non intentionnelles occupent le huitième rang des principales causes d’hospitalisation pour l’ensemble des maladies et affections. Dans le cas des hospitalisations pour blessure non intentionnelle, les principales causes sont, dans l’ordre, les chutes, la suffocation, les accidents de la circulation avec un véhicule à moteur, les empoisonnements, l’exposition à des forces mécaniques et l’exposition à la fumée, au feu et aux objets brûlants. Toutefois, ce classement est variable selon le groupe d’âge.

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Sahaf, Ali, Mostafa Mohammadi, and Ali Abdoli. "3D Sight Distance Calculation and Estimation of its Effect on Road Accidents in GIS Environment." Shock and Vibration 2021 (October 12, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5298309.

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Nowadays, one of the main causes of human death is driving accidents. Across the world 1.2 million people die and several million people get injured annually as a result of road accidents. One of the main solutions that is important in resolving the problem of accidents is identifying the factors and their role and impact and the contribution of each in the accident. The stopping sight distance in the route is one of the initial factors in the driver’s performance error as well as the occurrence of an accident, financial losses, and deaths. The geometric design of roads is generally designed according to two-dimensional rules and regulations. Hence, today, given the remarkable advances in computer science and programming, there are many possibilities for 3D modeling of the route. Therefore, the calculation of the stopping sight distance should be based on existing facts and new scientific achievements. On the contrary, the stopping sight distance is one of the factors affecting driving crashes; therefore, this paper tries to investigate the accident occurrence probability in other spots of the existing route by calculating 3D stopping sight distance and using drivers’ free flow speed, as well as using the GIS software. In this way, the results of this study can pave the way for improving the geometric design of existing roads as well as prioritizing the correction of the accidental points of existing routes.

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Komarov, Jury, and Vitali Fedotov. "THE INFLUENCE OF FIXED‐ROUTE TAXI ON ROAD ACCIDENTS AND AIR POLLUTION." TRANSPORT 21, no. 1 (March 31, 2006): 34–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16484142.2006.9638038.

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The development of market economy in Russia expands the need for movement of groups of people of large mega cities on time to a place at simultaneous reduction of the number of groups with identical purposes. Therefore for many cities a wide use of fixed‐route taxis the service of passengers at a constant increase of the numbers of routes and the numbers of transport units was characteristic. At the certain intensity of the movement of fixed‐route taxis on separate sites of city highways the transport stream and the changing quality of environment raises the risk of road accident and becomes ecologically unsafe. The results of the estimation of the negative influence of fixed‐route taxis in comparison with other categories of vehicles are presented. The research was made on city highways running through the zones with a greater number of cultural and community places, shopping centers and administrative establishments. Perspective ways of the increase of traffic safety and the decrease of concentration of harmful emissions are offered.

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Prasetijo, J., W. Z. Musa, Z. Mohd Jawi, Z. F. Zainal, K. Anuar, M. A. Ridho, and M. A. M. Aron. "Vehicle Road Accident Prediction Model Along Federal Road FT050 Kluang-A/Hitam-B/Pahat Route Using Excess Zero Data." Journal of the Society of Automotive Engineers Malaysia 3, no. 1 (April 29, 2021): 38–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.56381/jsaem.v3i1.105.

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Traffic accidents have become a major socio-economic problem in Malaysia and are considered the primary cause of mortality. Over 60 percent of these fatal accidents occurred on rural roads. Nearly half of all fatalities took place on federal roads and over a quarter happened on state roads. It is also estimated that about 2 percent of the country's Gross Domestic Product (GDP), or approximately RM 9 billion, is lost through road accidents. Several models therefore have been developed for modelling the occurrence of accidents, but most of these models have plenty of deficiencies. The following study focuses on stochastic regression models, such as Poisson, Negative Binomial, Zero- Inflated Poisson and Zero-Inflated Negative Binomial with excess zero outcomes on the response variables. Furthermore, R-statistical programming is used to specify the regression relationship with a sophisticated result. The method used consider as updating approach in predicting potential road accidents, which can also produce an accuracy probability of hazardous locations. Based on road accident data collected over a five-year period from 2010 to 2014 at Federal Road F0050: Kluang- A/Hitam-B/Pahat in Johor, Malaysia, results of this study show that Zero Inflated model performed better, in terms of the comparative criteria based on the AIC value.

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Yoo, Yunja, and Tae-Goun Kim. "An Improved Ship Collision Risk Evaluation Method for Korea Maritime Safety Audit Considering Traffic Flow Characteristics." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 7, no. 12 (December 7, 2019): 448. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse7120448.

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Ship collision accidents account for the majority of marine accidents. The collision risk can be even greater in ports where the traffic density is high and terrain conditions are difficult. The proximity assessment model of the Korea Maritime Safety Audit (KMSA), which is a tool for improving maritime traffic safety, employs a normal distribution of ship traffic to calculate the ship collision risk. However, ship traffic characteristics can differ according to the characteristics of the sea area and shipping route. Therefore, this study simulates collision probabilities by estimating the best-fit distribution function of ship traffic flow in Ulsan Port, which is the largest hazardous cargo vessel handling port in Korea. A comparison of collision probability simulation results using the best-fit function and the normal distribution function reveals a difference of approximately 1.5–2.4 times for each route. Moreover, the collision probability estimates are not accurate when the normal distribution function is uniformly applied without considering the characteristics of each route. These findings can be used to improve the KMSA evaluation method for ship collision risks, particularly in hazardous port areas.

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Nikiema, Aude, Emmanuel Bonnet, Salifou Sidbega, and Valéry Ridde. "Les accidents de la route à Ouagadougou, un révélateur de la gestion urbaine." Lien social et Politiques, no. 78 (April 5, 2017): 89–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1039340ar.

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La relation entre mobilité et extension urbaine a donné naissance à plusieurs modèles de ville. Les pratiques d’aménagement, fortement dépendantes de l’automobile, ont participé au processus d’étalement urbain caractéristique des pays du nord. Ce modèle observé également dans les capitales africaines repose toutefois sur des modes de déplacements très variés, sources d’une grande vulnérabilité pour les usagers et d’un nombre élevé de traumatismes issus des accidents de la route. Cet article vise à comprendre en quoi l’aménagement urbain participe de cette vulnérabilité dans la capitale du Burkina Faso, Ouagadougou. L’étude repose sur la géolocalisation des lieux d’accidents et des entrevues réalisées auprès des acteurs communaux. Les résultats montrent un lien fort entre étalement urbain et importance des accidents de la route de façon originale puisqu’ils sont caractéristiques des axes revêtus. Le développement de l’habitat est au coeur des politiques urbaines, la question de la mobilité est beaucoup plus récente, imposée par la croissance démographique. Cependant, la politique des transports en commun reste embryonnaire, le moyen de déplacement privilégié est le deux roues. Le pouvoir local ne semble pas avoir pour vocation de protéger les populations vulnérables en circulation, la valeur dominante en matière de conception du réseau routier reposant sous la garantie d’une mobilité toujours plus fluide et négligeant la sécurité routière. L’extension du réseau bitumé apparaît donc comme un facteur favorable à la multiplication des accidents de la route au Burkina Faso.

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Kang, Hee Jin, Dongkon Lee, Jong Gye Shin, Gyeong Joong Lee, and Jin Choi. "Interactive Escape Route Control for Passenger Ships Using Emergency Lighting." Marine Technology Society Journal 44, no. 5 (September 1, 2010): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.44.5.1.

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AbstractMaritime accidents lead to massive loss of life and property. In the case of passenger ships, the potential for damage is especially high. Although the Maritime Safety Committee (MSC) of the International Maritime Organization has recently increased the regulation of passenger ship safety, serious accidents continue to occur.A large passenger ship (e.g., a cruise ship) is very wide and contains a complex population of passengers; it is difficult for crew members to be aware of each passenger’s location and idiosyncrasies. Such knowledge could be used by crew members in normal conditions to control the passengers, thereby avoiding dangerous scenarios. In an emergency situation, the same knowledge can help crew members control the flow of escape and help passengers, including handicapped persons, children, and the elderly.In this paper, we examine the use of emergency lighting and wireless sensor networks to create a new methodology for interactive escape route control. The sensor network consists of a wireless system (i.e., ZigBee) that collects raw data from each passenger. These data are then used to determine escape routes, which are communicated to the crew via emergency lighting. We also include simulation results of the proposed interactive escape route control for selected scenarios.

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Grosman, Paul D., Jochen A. G. Jaeger, Pascale M. Biron, Christian Dussault, and Jean-Pierre Ouellet. "Évaluation de l’efficacité des mesures d’atténuation des accidents routiers impliquant l’orignal par la modélisation individu-centrée." Projets entourant la route 175 136, no. 2 (May 11, 2012): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1009101ar.

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Les collisions routières impliquant l’orignal se produisent souvent à proximité des mares d’eau stagnante où se concentre le sel de déglaçage qui a une forte teneur en sodium, un élément qui attire les orignaux. Cette étude vise à évaluer l’efficacité du drainage de ces mares salines et de l’implantation de mares salines compensatoires comme mesure d’atténuation des collisions routières impliquant l’orignal. Une approche de modélisation individu-centrée a été utilisée pour prédire le comportement des orignaux en relation avec divers scénarios de gestion des mares salines le long de la route 175 au Québec. Le suivi télémétrique de 47 orignaux a permis de calibrer et valider le modèle. Les résultats suggèrent que l’élimination de toutes les mares salines se traduirait par une réduction de 79 % des traversées de la route par les orignaux. L’érection de clôtures munies de passages fauniques est une autre méthode reconnue pour réduire le risque de collisions, mais nous ne connaissons pas l’influence de l’espacement entre les passages fauniques sur la perméabilité de la route dans les secteurs clôturés. Nous proposons un cadre conceptuel pour modéliser l’impact de la distance entre les passages fauniques le long de la route 175 sur la perméabilité de la route aux déplacements des orignaux.

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Vandersmissen, Marie-Hélène, Denis Morin, Isabelle Thomas, and Marcel Pouliot. "Aspects macrogéographiques des accidents de la route : essai de comparaison Québec-Belgique." Cahiers de géographie du Québec 40, no. 109 (April 12, 2005): 49–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/022544ar.

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Cet article a pour objectif de démontrer, par comparaison, que la structure spatiale des accidents de la route est indépendante du pays dans lequel le phénomène est mesuré et que seul le facteur d'échelle constitue une différence. Les entités spatiales choisies pour cette démonstration sont le Québec et la Belgique. La structure spatiale des accidents de la route est modélisée et comparée sur la base de trois variables à expliquer et de quatre variables potentiellement explicatives, définissant 52 districts belges et 97 municipalités régionales de comté (MRC) et communautés urbaines (CU) québécoises pour l'année 1991. Les résultats indiquent certaines similitudes quant à la structure spatiale de la densité d'accidents, des taux d'accidents et des taux de mortalité et une différence relative à la structure spatiale de la motorisation. Au Québec comme en Belgique, la densité de population se révèle un bon prédicteur de la densité d'accidents corporels et des taux de mortalité.

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M. K., Kozanhan. "Maritime Tanker Accidents and Their Impact on Marine Environment." Scientific Bulletin of Naval Academy XXII, no. 1 (July 15, 2019): 324–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.21279/1454-864x-19-i1-047.

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Shipping is a fundamental mode of transportation for 85 per cent of the world trade, supplying raw materials, energy, manufactured goods, foodstuffs etc. to the global population, is carried by international shipping industry. In such busy traffic, unfortunately, accidents are inevitable events. Large numbers of casualties occur at sea almost every day. Human loss and marine environmental damage, among others such as financial and property losses, are the most crucial and hazardous disasters caused by maritime accidents. There are several causes playing role in maritime accidents such as natural conditions, technical failures, route conditions, ship-related factors, human errors, cargo-related factors. There are also quite many types of maritime accidents; they include oil spill, ship grounding, fire, to mention a few. The impact of maritime accidents on the marine environment differs from one another. The main purpose of this paper is to determine and analyse the effects of maritime accidents on the marine environment. The analysis was based on data published over the past 56 years involving spills of 7000 tons oils. Within this scope, firstly, the literature related to maritime accidents involving spills was reviewed and then the statistics of maritime accidents and their impact on marine environment worldwide were analyzed and evaluated.

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Piguet, Laure. "La justice sociale par les statistiques ? Le cas des accidents d’attelage des wagons de chemins de fer (1923-1931)." Le Mouvement Social 263, no. 2 (2018): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/lms.263.0031.

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Kandolo, Simon Ilunga, Charles Matungulu Matungulu, Pascal Kimba Mukanya, Irène Kabange Umba, Julie Ndayi Kabamba, Oscar Luboya Numbi, Benjamin Kabyla Ilunga, Françoise Malonga Kaj, Célestin Banza Lubaba, and Ghislain Mashini Ngongo. "Facteurs associés aux accidents de la route dans la ville de Lubumbashi." Santé Publique 26, no. 6 (2014): 889. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/spub.146.0889.

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Moore, John E., Gary M. Sandquist, and David M. Slaughter. "A Route-Specific System for Risk Assessment of Radioactive Materials Transportation Accidents." Nuclear Technology 112, no. 1 (October 1, 1995): 63–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.13182/nt95-a15852.

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Castells-Graells, David, Christopher Salahub, and Evangelos Pournaras. "On cycling risk and discomfort: urban safety mapping and bike route recommendations." Computing 102, no. 5 (December 9, 2019): 1259–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00607-019-00771-y.

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AbstractBike usage in Smart Cities is paramount for sustainable urban development: cycling promotes healthier lifestyles, lowers energy consumption, lowers carbon emissions, and reduces urban traffic. However, the expansion and increased use of bike infrastructure has been accompanied by a glut of bike accidents, a trend jeopardizing the urban bike movement. This paper leverages data from a diverse spectrum of sources to characterise geolocated bike accident severity and, ultimately, study cycling risk and discomfort. Kernel density estimation generates a continuous, empirical, spatial risk estimate which is mapped in a case study of Zürich city. The roles of weather, time, accident type, and severity are illustrated. A predominance of self-caused accidents motivates an open-source software artifact for personalized route recommendations. This software is used to collect open baseline route data that are compared with alternative routes minimizing risk and discomfort. These contributions have the potential to provide invaluable infrastructure improvement insights to urban planners, and may also improve the awareness of risk in the urban environment among experienced and novice cyclists alike.

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Prakosa, Cahyo Dwi, Umar Ma'ruf, and Achmad Sulchan. "The Law Enforcement Policy On Traffic Accident By Police." Law Development Journal 4, no. 3 (August 16, 2022): 347. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/ldj.4.3.347-354.

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The purpose of this research is to find out and analyze the law enforcement against traffic accidents by the police in the jurisdiction of the Batang Resort Police. To know and analyze the factors that hinder the settlement of traffic accident casesin the jurisdiction of the Batang Resort Police. To know and analyze the law enforcement policies by the police to handle traffic accidents in the jurisdiction of the Batang Resort Police. This study uses a sociological juridical approach, with a descriptive analytical research specification. The data used in this study are secondary data obtained from literature study. The data were analyzed in a qualitative juridical manner. The results of this study are Law Enforcement Against Traffic Accidents by the Police is law enforcement can be done penal and non-penal. Law enforcement efforts through the penal route focus more on the repressive nature (oppression/eradication/suppression) after the crime has occurred, while the non-penal route focuses more on the preventive nature (enforcement/deterrence/control) before the crime occurs. Basically law enforcement is the implementation of criminal policy (criminal policy) by using criminal policies carried out through the mechanism of the criminal justice system (criminal justice system).The factors that hinder the settlement of traffic accident cases are: Summoning or Presenting a Witness and Factors Lack of Legal Knowledge. Policies for Law Enforcement by the Police for Handling Traffic Accidents are by conducting blue patrols at violator-prone hours on the road, conducting cross patrols, socialization (security, safety, traffic order to road users), and installing banners at traffic accident-prone points.

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Yang, Yapin, Ying Sun, Mingsi Chen, Yuekuan Zhou, Ran Wang, and Zhengxuan Liu. "Platform Development of BIM-Based Fire Safety Management System Considering the Construction Site." Buildings 12, no. 8 (August 19, 2022): 1268. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12081268.

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Fire at a construction site usually results in serious accidents. Therefore, fire management at the construction site is critical to decreasing possible accidents. However, conventional fire safety management can be problematic in many aspects, such as visualization, multi-stage alarm systems, and dynamic escape route optimization. To solve these issues, this paper develops a platform for a BIM-based fire safety management system that considers the construction site. The developed platform contains four subsystems: a remote monitoring subsystem, a fire visualization subsystem, a multi-stage fire alarm subsystem, and an escape route optimization subsystem. It detects the fire hazard in the early stage of the fire by the remote monitoring subsystem and transmits this information to the fire visualization subsystem for displaying. Furthermore, the multi-stage fire alarm subsystem sends warnings or alarms based on the fire’s severity. Moreover, the escape route optimization subsystem dynamically optimizes the evacuation routes by considering the actual number of people at the construction site and the potential crowding as people pass through the escapeway. Results show that this system can provide informative and on-time fire protection measures to different participants at the construction site. This study can also serve as a solution to improve fire safety management at the construction site.

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Xie, Hua, Yan Ying Xu, Xu Zhang, and Jian Chen. "Study on Emergency Evacuation in the Subway Fire Accidents." Applied Mechanics and Materials 580-583 (July 2014): 1033–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.580-583.1033.

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The fire accident is a substantial risk in the subway due to the complexity of the underground construction confined space, which can cause a large number of human fatalities. Therefore, some effort should be made to promote the public security in subway fire accidents. Among of them, the establishment of emergency evacuation plan is very important in fire safety design and should be paid enough attention because it can provide beneficial help to life safety. The evacuation strategy including the evacuation route and evacuation safety zone are detailedly discussed in this paper, which lays the foundation for future studies of safe evacuation in the subway fire accidents.

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Lee, Jeong-Seok, and Ik-Soon Cho. "Extracting the Maritime Traffic Route in Korea Based on Probabilistic Approach Using Automatic Identification System Big Data." Applied Sciences 12, no. 2 (January 10, 2022): 635. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12020635.

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To protect the environment around the world, we are actively developing ecofriendly energy. Offshore wind farm generation installed in the sea is extremely large among various energies, and friction with ships occurs regularly. Other than the traffic designated area and the traffic separate scheme, traffic routes in other sea areas are not protected in Korea. Furthermore, due to increased cargo volume and ship size, there is a risk of collisions with marine facilities and marine pollution. In this study, maritime safety traffic routes that must be preserved are created to ensure the safety of maritime traffic and to prevent accidents with ecofriendly energy projects. To construct maritime traffic routes, the analysis area is divided, and ships are classified using big data. These data are used to estimate density, and 50% maritime traffic is chosen. This result is obtained by categorizing the main route, inner branch route, and outer branch route. The Korean maritime traffic route is constructed, and the width of the route is indicated. Furthermore, this route can be applied as a navigation route for maritime autonomous surface ships.

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Eckhardt, Nathalie, Benoît Flahaut, and Isabelle Thomas. "Spatio-temporalité des accidents de la route en périphérie urbaine. L'exemple de Bruxelles." Recherche - Transports - Sécurité 21, no. 82 (March 30, 2004): 35–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/rts.82.35-46.

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