Готові списки джерел за темами / Air pollution-Urban

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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Air pollution-Urban"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 6 вересня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Air pollution-Urban"

1

Kanner, Richard E. "Urban Air Pollution." Chest 113, no. 5 (May 1998): 1161–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.113.5.1161.

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2

Hertel, Ole, and Finn Palmgren. "Urban air pollution." Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C 28, no. 8 (January 2003): 305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-7065(03)00050-0.

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3

Bennett, Burton G., Jan G. Kretzschmar, Gerald G. Skland, and Henk W. de Koning. "Urban air pollution worldwide." Environmental Science & Technology 19, no. 4 (April 1985): 298–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es00134a603.

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4

Sotnikova, E. V., A. E. Sorokin, and S. N. Bulychev. "Assessing Urban Air Pollution." Russian Engineering Research 42, no. 12 (December 2022): 1337–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s1068798x22120280.

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5

Garrec, J. "URBAN TREES AND AIR POLLUTION." Acta Horticulturae, no. 496 (September 1999): 309–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1999.496.38.

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6

Gendron-Carrier, Nicolas, Marco Gonzalez-Navarro, Stefano Polloni, and Matthew A. Turner. "Subways and Urban Air Pollution." American Economic Journal: Applied Economics 14, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 164–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/app.20180168.

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Анотація:
We investigate the effect of subway system openings on urban air pollution. On average, particulate concentrations are unchanged by subway openings. For cities with higher initial pollution levels, subway openings reduce particulates by 4 percent in the area surrounding a city center. The effect decays with distance to city center and persists over the longest time horizon that we can measure with our data, about four years. For highly polluted cities, we estimate that a new subway system provides an external mortality benefit of about $1 billion per year. For less polluted cities, the effect is indistinguishable from zero. Back of the envelope cost estimates suggest that reduced mortality due to lower air pollution offsets a substantial share of the construction costs of subways. (JEL I12, L92, O13, O18, Q51, Q53, R41)
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7

Maynard, R. L. "Asthma and urban air pollution." Clinical & Experimental Allergy 31, no. 4 (April 2001): 518–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2222.2001.01059.x.

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8

Hosseini, Vahid, and Hossein Shahbazi. "Urban Air Pollution in Iran." Iranian Studies 49, no. 6 (November 2016): 1029–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00210862.2016.1241587.

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Crêpât, Guy, and Roland Fritsch. "Urban Air Pollution by Automobiles." Indoor and Built Environment 6, no. 5 (1997): 309–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000463354.

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10

Venegas, L. E., and N. A. Mazzeo. "An urban air pollution model." Energy and Buildings 16, no. 1-2 (January 1991): 705–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-7788(91)90041-z.

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Дисертації з теми "Air pollution-Urban"

1

De, Bont Jeroen 1989. "Urban environment, air pollution and childhood growth and obesity." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/670315.

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Understanding the determinants of childhood obesity has never been more urgent given the high levels across the world. It is increasingly recognized that the urban environment may affect childhood growth and obesity, and may provide important potential for community-level intervention. This thesis aimed to investigate how time trends in prevalence and incidence of overweight and obesity among children differ by sociodemographic characteristics, and to evaluate the association between the urban environment, especially on ambient air pollution, and childhood growth and obesity. This thesis used longitudinal data from primary care health records and from two cross-sectional studies in Catalonia, Spain. We observed an overall reduction over time in the prevalence of childhood obesity across Catalonia, but the prevalence increased over time among children from more deprived areas or with non-Spanish nationality, indicating increasing deprivation disparities. We observed that early-life exposure to air pollution was associated with a small increase of body mass index (BMI) growth during early postnatal growth and an increased risk of developing childhood obesity during childhood. These associations were stronger among children living in more deprived areas. Other urban factors such as population density were associated with increased BMI growth, whereas green spaces and land use mix were associated with decreased BMI growth. Finally, we observed that urban areas with higher levels of air pollution, noise and traffic, and lower levels of green spaces were associated with a higher odd of overweight and obesity in school-aged children (9-12 years). In conclusion, the findings of this thesis suggest that the urban environment, especially ambient air pollution, may have a small influence on childhood weight status from birth until mid-childhood. Socioeconomic status plays an important role in increasing inequalities of childhood obesity and in the association between the urban environment and childhood obesity.
Entendre els determinants de l’obesitat infantil no havia estat mai tan urgent, atès l’alta prevalença que hi ha arreu del món. Cada vegada hi ha més evidències que l’entorn urbà podria afectar l’obesitat infantil, i que pot aportar un potencial important per a la intervenció en l’àmbit comunitari. Aquesta tesi pretén investigar com les tendències temporals en prevalença i incidència del sobrepès i l’obesitat en infants difereix segons les característiques sociodemogràfiques; i, avaluar l’associació entre l’entorn urbà, especialment la contaminació atmosfèrica, i el creixement de l’infant i l’obesitat. Aquesta tesi ha fet servir dades longitudinals de registres electròniques de centres d’atenció primària i de dos estudis transversals en Catalunya (Espanya). S’ha observat una reducció, en general, en el transcurs del temps en la prevalença de sobrepès i obesitat infantil a Catalunya, però la prevalença incrementa al llarg del temps entre els infants de les àrees més desafavorides o els qui no tenen una nacionalitat espanyola, cosa que indica un increment de desigualtats. Hem observat en tres estudis diferents que l’exposició a la contaminació atmosfèrica en els primers anys de vida està associada a un petit increment del creixement de l’índex de massa corporal (IMC) durant el creixement postnatal, i que pot augmentar el risc de desenvolupar obesitat infantil durant l’etapa mitjana de la infància (de 6 a 14 anys). Aquestes associacions han estat més accentuades en infants que viuen en àrees desafavorides. Altres factors urbans, com ara la densitat de població, han estat associats a un increment del creixement de l’IMC, mentre que els espais verds i l’ús del sòl han estat associats a una disminució del creixement de l’IMC. Finalment, també s’ha percebut que les àrees urbans amb un nivell més alt de contaminació atmosfèrica, soroll i trànsit, i amb els nivells més baixos d’àrees verdes, tenien més probabilitats d’estar associades al sobrepès i a l’obesitat infantil durant la edat escolar (9-12 anys). En conclusió, els resultats d’aquesta tesi suggereixen que l’entorn urbà, especialment la contaminació atmosfèrica, poden tenir una petita influència en el pes infantil des del naixement fins a l’etapa mitjana de la infància. L’estatus socioeconòmic té un paper important a l’hora d’augmentar les desigualtats en l’obesitat infantil i en l’associació entre l’entorn urbà i aquesta obesitat.
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2

Tang, Ho Kin Robert. "Space and time modelling of intra-urban air pollution." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/28077.

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Анотація:
Exposures to air pollution have adverse effects on health. Traditionally, epidemiological studies used monitoring data to investigate the relationship between air pollution and health. In recent decades, modelling tools have been developed to predict pollutant concentrations for population exposure assessments. Whilst gradual improvements have been made to these techniques, such as dispersion and land use regression (LUR), results have exhibited spatial inconsistencies at times. The processes involved are often time- and data- consuming, and outputs generally do not account for short-term variations in pollution. Improving model prediction capabilities can avoid exposure misclassifications, and provide better estimates for health risk assessment. The aim of this project is to increase the accuracy and efficiency of current exposure modelling techniques to capture spatial and temporal variability of urban air pollution. As part of this study, air pollution models were developed in a GIS framework for London for PM10, NOX and NO2, using dispersion, LUR, hybrid and Bayesian statistical methods. Predictors derived from traffic, land use, population datasets were incorporated in a geographical information system for modelling. For the first time, newly available city-wide datasets were used to extract enhanced geographical variables, including building height/ area, street canyon and detailed urban green space, which may have significant influence on pollution in local dispersion environment. Developed models were cross-validated and compared to concentrations obtained from routine monitoring network. LUR models were found to have higher prediction capabilities over other techniques, providing accurate explanations of spatial variability in urban air pollution. Significant improvements in model performance were seen with addition of buildings and street configuration variables, particularly for traffic-related pollutants. LUR require less computational demands than conventional dispersion methods; therefore can be easily applied over large urban areas. Introducing Bayesian statistical techniques has enabled spatio-temporal predictions which accounted uncertainties, allowing detection of pollution trends and episodes.
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3

Wong, Ming-hong Daniel. "A study of passive sampling and modelling techniques for urban air pollution determination /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B2093385X.

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4

Maxwell-Meier, Kari Lynn. "Urban Impacts On Atmospheric Chemistry: Surface Ozone in Large Versus Small Urban Centers and Urban Pollution in Asian Dust Storms." Diss., Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006, 2006. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-08012006-093354/.

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Анотація:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006.
Rodney J. Weber, Committee Chair ; Michael E. Chang, Committee Member ; Judith A. Curry, Committee Member ; Ellery Ingall, Committee Member ; Michael H. Bergin, Committee Member.
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5

Allan, L. M. "Thia-arenes as pollution source tracers in urban air particulate." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0031/NQ66191.pdf.

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6

Adams, Helen Sarah. "Exposure assessment of urban transport users to particulate air pollution." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.246812.

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Henshaw, Stephen John. "Trends and patterns in urban air pollution in the UK." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.509769.

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Kurmi, Om Prakash. "Health effects of indoor air pollution in both rural and urban Nepal." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2010. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=103117.

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Анотація:
The research reported in this thesis describes: the prevalence of respiratory symptoms, COPD and cardiovascular problems in rural and urban adults taking account of all major confounding factors; and estimates of exposures, both indoor and outdoor, and assessment of the relationships between measured exposure and health outcomes. A cross-sectional study was conducted in an adult population (16+ years) in Nepal to compare the respiratory and cardiovascular risk of indoor air pollution in a rural population exposed to biomass smoke compared to an urban population using liquefied petroleum gas using an investigator-delivered questionnaire, lung function and blood pressure measurements.  Direct measures of indoor particular exposure (PM2.5 and CO) and outdoor PM2.5 were made with other relevant factors obtained by questionnaire. Direct measures of 24-hour indoor PM2.5 were carried out in 245 rural and equal numbers of urban homes. Health outcomes were assessed in 846 rural and 802 urban dwellers.  The main risk factors studied were socio-economic status, smoking, fuel types, stove types, ventilation, BMI, income, ETS and cooking. The result suggests that cooking with biomass is associated with reduced lung function and thus a higher prevalence of COPD in the rural dwellers compared to the non-exposed urban dwellers.  No clear relationship between biomass smoke exposure and cardiovascular endpoints was found although reported cooking with biomass fuel was associated with higher blood pressure and chest pain.  Methodological issues including more invasive assessment of cardiovascular disease will in future studies be important in interpretation of this relationship.
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Beydoun, Mustapha. "Vehicular characteristics and urban air pollution socioeconomic and environmental policy issues /." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1085681028.

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Анотація:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2004.
Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xvii, 248 p.; also includes graphics (some col.). Includes abstract and vita. Advisor: Jean-Michel Guldmann, Dept. of City and Regional Planning. Includes bibliographical references (p. 148-154).
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Wong, Ming-hong Daniel, and 黃明康. "A study of passive sampling and modelling techniques for urban air pollution determination." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B30252325.

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Книги з теми "Air pollution-Urban"

1

Allegrini, Ivo, and Franco De Santis, eds. Urban Air Pollution. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61120-9.

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2

McCormick, John. Urban air pollution. Nairobi: UNEP, 1991.

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3

H, Power, Moussiopoulos Nicolas, and Brebbia C. A, eds. Urban air pollution. Southampton: Computational Mechanics, 1994.

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4

H, Power, and Moussiopoulos N, eds. Urban air pollution. Southampton: Computational Mechanics, 1995.

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5

Fenn, Mark E., L. I. de Bauer, and Tomás Hernández-Tejeda, eds. Urban Air Pollution and Forests. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-22520-3.

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6

Fenger, Jes, Ole Hertel, and Finn Palmgren, eds. Urban Air Pollution — European Aspects. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9080-8.

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J, Fenger, Hertel Ole, and Palmgren Finn, eds. Urban air pollution: European aspects. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1998.

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8

Dietrich, Schwela, Zali Olivier, and World Health Organization, eds. Urban traffic pollution. London: E & FN Spon, 1999.

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9

Dietrich, Schwela, and Zali Olivier, eds. Urban traffic pollution. London: E & FN Spon, 1999.

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10

Thornbush, Mary J. Vehicular Air Pollution and Urban Sustainability. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20657-8.

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Частини книг з теми "Air pollution-Urban"

1

Fan, Peilei. "Urban Air Pollution." In The Great Urban Transition, 77–100. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-05957-5_5.

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2

Jorquera, Héctor, Lupita D. Montoya, and Nestor Y. Rojas. "Urban Air Pollution." In Urban Climates in Latin America, 137–65. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97013-4_7.

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3

Allegrini, Ivo. "Urban atmospheric pollution: review of the state-of-the-art." In Urban Air Pollution, 1–19. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61120-9_1.

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4

Elisei, G. "Recent Developments in Atmosphere Pollution Control." In Urban Air Pollution, 131–43. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61120-9_10.

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5

Kovalyov, A. A., and I. I. Lishtvan. "Complex Analysis of the atmosphere contamination in industrial centers of Belarus." In Urban Air Pollution, 145–49. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61120-9_11.

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6

Stevens, R. K., J. P. Pinto, R. D. Willis, Y. Mamane, J. J. Novak, and I. Benes. "Monitoring and Modeling Methods for Developing Air Pollution Control Strategies: A Case Study in the Northwest Czech Republic." In Urban Air Pollution, 151–66. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61120-9_12.

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Andreev, Vassil. "Some results of mobile measurements of the influence of the town Sofia on air pollution in the surrounding area." In Urban Air Pollution, 167–75. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61120-9_13.

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Haszpra, Lászlo, and István Szilágyi. "Non-methane hydrocarbon measurements in a road tunnel in Budapest." In Urban Air Pollution, 177–86. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61120-9_14.

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Ondov, J. M., F. Divita, T. L. Quinn, and M. Han. "Applications of Highly-Resolved Size-Spectra for Source Attribution, Growth, and Deposition of Urban Aerosol Particles Bearing Various Elements." In Urban Air Pollution, 187–97. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61120-9_15.

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Mamane, Yaacov. "Use of Scanning Electron Microscopy for Particle Characterization and in Support of Receptor Modelling." In Urban Air Pollution, 199–212. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61120-9_16.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Air pollution-Urban"

1

JOELSSON, LARS MAGNUS T., CHRISTOFFER PICHLER, and ELNA J. K. NILSSON. "TAILORED CHEMICAL MECHANISMS FOR SIMULATION OF URBAN AIR POLLUTION." In AIR POLLUTION 2018. Southampton UK: WIT Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/air180151.

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MOLNÁR, VANDA ÉVA, BÉLA TÓTHMÉRÉSZ, SZILÁRD SZABÓ, and EDINA SIMON. "POLLUTION ASSESSMENT IN URBAN AREAS USING AIR POLLUTION TOLERANCE INDEX OF TREE SPECIES." In AIR POLLUTION 2018. Southampton UK: WIT Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/air180341.

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Booth, C. A., V. Shilton, M. A. Fullen, J. Walden, A. T. Worsley, and A. L. Power. "Environmental magnetism: measuring, monitoring and modelling urban street dust pollution." In AIR POLLUTION 2006. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/air06033.

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4

WANG, QINGYUE. "REAL-TIME ATMOSPHERIC MONITORING OF URBAN AIR POLLUTION USING UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES." In AIR POLLUTION 2019. Southampton UK: WIT Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/air190081.

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Baralis, Elena, Tania Cerquitelli, Silvia Chiusano, Paolo Garza, and Mohammad Reza Kavoosifar. "Analyzing air pollution on the urban environment." In 2016 39th International Convention on Information and Communication Technology, Electronics and Microelectronics (MIPRO). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mipro.2016.7522370.

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Beaulant, Anne-Lise, and Lucien Wald. "Aerosols detection for urban air pollution monitoring." In Remote Sensing, edited by James R. Slusser, Klaus Schäfer, and Adolfo Comerón. SPIE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.689946.

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Gryech, Ihsane, Yassine Ben-Aboud, Mounir Ghogho, and Abdellatif Kobbane. "On spatial prediction of urban air pollution." In 2021 17th International Conference on Intelligent Environments (IE). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ie51775.2021.9486618.

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Yang, Kang, Man-chun Li, Zhen-jie Chen, and Qi Liao. "Urban air pollution study based on GIS." In 2009 Joint Urban Remote Sensing Event. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/urs.2009.5137606.

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Istrate, I. A., T. Oprea, E. C. Rada, and V. Torretta. "Noise and air pollution from urban traffic." In SUSTAINABLE CITY 2014. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/sc141162.

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RAVINA, MARCO, EDOARDO PATTI, LORENZO BOTTACCIOLI, DEBORAH PANEPINTO, ANDREA ACQUAVIVA, and MARIA CHIARA ZANETTI. "IMPLEMENTING AIR-POLLUTION AND HEALTH-DAMAGE COSTS IN URBAN MULTI-ENERGY SYSTEMS MODELLING." In AIR POLLUTION 2018. Southampton UK: WIT Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/air180091.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Air pollution-Urban"

1

Gendron-Carrier, Nicolas, Marco Gonzalez-Navarro, Stefano Polloni, and Matthew Turner. Subways and Urban Air Pollution. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, January 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w24183.

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2

SUN, RUIBO. Reproduction of 'Subways and Urban Air Pollution'. Social Science Reproduction Platform, February 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.48152/ssrp-h2ct-4j42.

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3

Riordan, C., T. Stoffel, and R. Hulstrom. The effects of urban air pollution on solar radiation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6994665.

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4

Zheng, Siqi, Cong Sun, and Matthew Kahn. Self-Protection Investment Exacerbates Air Pollution Exposure Inequality in Urban China. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, June 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w21301.

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5

Bigazzi, Alexander. Bicyclists' Uptake of Traffic-Related Air Pollution: Effects of the Urban Transportation System. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.2063.

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6

Avis, Rupert. Causes and Consequences of Air Pollution in North Macedonia. Institute of Development Studies, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.139.

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Анотація:
This rapid literature review collates available evidence on the causes and consequences of air pollution in the Republic of North Macedonia (here after North Macedonia). It draws on a diverse range of sources from multiple academic disciplines and grey literature. The literature highlights that North Macedonia is considered to have some of the worst air quality in the West Balkans, and consequently some of the worst globally. Air pollution is a significant problem in North Macedonian cities and urban centres with exposure to high levels of particulate matter (PM) a particular issue. The PM2.5 size fraction is the focus of many air pollution studies because it is associated with a range of adverse health outcomes, it is also the focus of this review. This review identifies a limited but expanding evidence base discussing air pollution in North Macedonia. Studies are principally focussed on the capital city (Skopje) and ambient (outdoor) air pollution. There is a limited literature that discusses air quality issues outside of the capital and a dearth of evidence on household (indoor) air pollution.
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7

Bedoya-Maya, Felipe, Agustina Calatayud, and Vileydy Gonzalez-Mejia. Estimating the effect of urban road congestion on air quality in Latin America. Inter-American Development Bank, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004512.

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Road congestion and air pollution are key challenges for quality of life in urban settings. This research leverages highly disaggregated crowdsourced data from Latin America to study the effect of road congestion on levels of carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, and particulate matter in four of the most congested cities in developing countries: Bogota, Buenos Aires, Mexico City, and Santiago. Based on a panel data econometric approach with over 4.4 billion records from Waze and hourly data from 54 air monitoring stations for 2019, our two-stage least square model shows a cumulative increase of 0.6% in response to a 1% of road congestion on the three air pollutants. Moreover, we find a nonlinear relationship between road congestion and air quality and estimate the threshold above which the effect decays. This study provides evidence that supports public policies designed to make urban mobility more sustainable by implementing measures to reduce road congestion in developing contexts.
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Idrissov, Marat, Yelena Yerzakovich, Hans-Liudger Dienel, and Tom Assmann. Sustainable mobility and logistics for Central Asia: Research perspectives for a climate center. Kazakh German University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.29258/cnrswps/2022/1-20.eng.

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Анотація:
Urban transportation is on the one hand a vital component of a city and on the other a major factor of concern. The latter is due to the high impact on air pollution, carbon dioxide emissions, and fatalities. This is not just caused by the mobility of people but also, and increasingly, by the need to transport goods. Cities in Central Asia are often associated with strong air pollution and rising greenhouse gas emissions from urban transport contradicting the global strive for a carbon-neutral world by 2050. In the light of sustainable development, it is, therefore, the objective to reduce the externalities of urban mobility and urban logistics jointly. The German-Kazakh University in Almaty envisions fostering the transformation to sustainability in Central Asia by setting up a climate center. One pillar will be urban transport. In this working paper, an interdisciplinary team of experts from Kazakhstan and Germany investigates fields of action and research for this center. The team describes stakeholders to involve, potential funding opportunities, and first actions for each of the identified fields. The working paper provides a fruitful basis for academics and partners to set up the center and to involve new partners.
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Idrissov, Marat, Yelena Yerzakovich, Hans-Liudger Dienel, and Tom Assmann. Sustainable mobility and logistics for Central Asia: Research perspectives for a climate center. Kazakh German University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.29258/cnrswps/2022/1-20.eng.

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Анотація:
Urban transportation is on the one hand a vital component of a city and on the other a major factor of concern. The latter is due to the high impact on air pollution, carbon dioxide emissions, and fatalities. This is not just caused by the mobility of people but also, and increasingly, by the need to transport goods. Cities in Central Asia are often associated with strong air pollution and rising greenhouse gas emissions from urban transport contradicting the global strive for a carbon-neutral world by 2050. In the light of sustainable development, it is, therefore, the objective to reduce the externalities of urban mobility and urban logistics jointly. The German-Kazakh University in Almaty envisions fostering the transformation to sustainability in Central Asia by setting up a climate center. One pillar will be urban transport. In this working paper, an interdisciplinary team of experts from Kazakhstan and Germany investigates fields of action and research for this center. The team describes stakeholders to involve, potential funding opportunities, and first actions for each of the identified fields. The working paper provides a fruitful basis for academics and partners to set up the center and to involve new partners.
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10

Kwon, Jaymin, Yushin Ahn, and Steve Chung. Spatio-Temporal Analysis of the Roadside Transportation Related Air Quality (STARTRAQ) and Neighborhood Characterization. Mineta Transportation Institute, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.2010.

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Анотація:
To promote active transportation modes (such as bike ride and walking), and to create safer communities for easier access to transit, it is essential to provide consolidated data-driven transportation information to the public. The relevant and timely information from data facilitates the improvement of decision-making processes for the establishment of public policy and urban planning for sustainable growth, and for promoting public health in the region. For the characterization of the spatial variation of transportation-emitted air pollution in the Fresno/Clovis neighborhood in California, various species of particulate matters emitted from traffic sources were measured using real-time monitors and GPS loggers at over 100 neighborhood walking routes within 58 census tracts from the previous research, Children’s Health to Air Pollution Study - San Joaquin Valley (CHAPS-SJV). Roadside air pollution data show that PM2.5, black carbon, and PAHs were significantly elevated in the neighborhood walking air samples compared to indoor air or the ambient monitoring station in the Central Fresno area due to the immediate source proximity. The simultaneous parallel measurements in two neighborhoods which are distinctively different areas (High diesel High poverty vs. Low diesel Low poverty) showed that the higher pollution levels were observed when more frequent vehicular activities were occurring around the neighborhoods. Elevated PM2.5 concentrations near the roadways were evident with a high volume of traffic and in regions with more unpaved areas. Neighborhood walking air samples were influenced by immediate roadway traffic conditions, such as encounters with diesel trucks, approaching in close proximity to freeways and/or busy roadways, passing cigarette smokers, and gardening activity. The elevated black carbon concentrations occur near the highway corridors and regions with high diesel traffic and high industry. This project provides consolidated data-driven transportation information to the public including: 1. Transportation-related particle pollution data 2. Spatial analyses of geocoded vehicle emissions 3. Neighborhood characterization for the built environment such as cities, buildings, roads, parks, walkways, etc.
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