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Готові списки джерел за темами / Analysis by backscattered electron diffraction (EBSD) / Статті в журналах

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Статті в журналах з теми "Analysis by backscattered electron diffraction (EBSD)"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 31 жовтня 2023

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1

Goehner, R. P., and J. R. Michael. "Microdiffraction phase identification in the scanning electron microscope (SEM)." Powder Diffraction 19, no. 2 (2004): 100–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1154/1.1757450.

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Анотація:

The identification of crystallographic phases in the scanning electron microscope (SEM) has been limited by the lack of a simple way to obtain electron diffraction data of an unknown while observing the microstructure of the specimen. With the development of charge coupled device (CCD)-based detectors, backscattered electron Kikuchi patterns, alternately referred to as electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) patterns, can be easily collected. Previously, EBSD has been limited to crystallographic orientation studies due to the poor pattern quality collected with video rate detector systems. W

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2

Hauegen, Christien G., Fabiane R. Freitas da Silva, Fernanda A. Sampaio da Silva, Jefferson Fabricio Cardoso Lins, and Marcos Flavio de Campos. "EBSD Texture Analysis of NdFeB Magnets." Materials Science Forum 727-728 (August 2012): 135–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.727-728.135.

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Анотація:

The crystallographical texture is relevant information for NdFeB magnets, since the maximum energy product is directly related to orientation of the crystals. EBSD (Electron Backscattered Diffraction) is a very suitable tool for preferred orientation measurement of NdFeB magnets. The advantages of EBSD against X-ray Diffraction (XRD) pole figures for texture determination are discussed. EBSD identifies misaligned grains, and this is not feasible with XRD pole figures. EBSD is also helpful on the identification of oxides.

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3

Wright, Stuart I., Matthew M. Nowell, and David P. Field. "A Review of Strain Analysis Using Electron Backscatter Diffraction." Microscopy and Microanalysis 17, no. 3 (2011): 316–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927611000055.

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AbstractSince the automation of the electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) technique, EBSD systems have become commonplace in microscopy facilities within materials science and geology research laboratories around the world. The acceptance of the technique is primarily due to the capability of EBSD to aid the research scientist in understanding the crystallographic aspects of microstructure. There has been considerable interest in using EBSD to quantify strain at the submicron scale. To apply EBSD to the characterization of strain, it is important to understand what is practically possible an

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4

Zhao, Shan-Rong, Chang Xu, and Chuan Li. "Identification of twins in muscovite: an electron backscattered diffraction study." Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials 234, no. 5 (2019): 329–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zkri-2018-2139.

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Abstract Twins in micas are difficultly identified due to mica’s hexagonal pseudosymmetry. Many theoretic studies on mica twins have been reported but experimental observations are very limited. In this paper, we present an electron backscattered diffraction analysis to identify twins in the muscovite in a quartz schist occurring in the UHP-HP metamorphic rock belt in Dabie Mountain, China. A trilling twin with twin law <310>/{110} is common in the muscovite. A six-couplet twin consisting of two trilling twins related by twin laws <110>/{130} and <001>/{001}(or <100>/{1

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5

Dimitrova, Rositza, Roumen Petrov, Pavel Kuzmanov, Аngel Velikov та Valentin Manolov. "Electron Microscopy Investigations of А356 Alloy Modified with Nanoparticles". Metals 9, № 12 (2019): 1294. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met9121294.

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Анотація:

Two types of A356 alloy castings in initial and modified with nanoparticles condition produced by gravitational casting were studied. Samples, as-cut from the castings, were subjected to light optical microscopy (LM), thermal analyses, Electron Backscattered Diffraction (EBSD) and Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM) analyses. Results, obtained by EBSD, confirmed that there is grain refinement in samples from castings with added nanoparticles compared to the initial ones. STEM analysis shows agglomerates of nanoparticles in examined foils. Nanoparticles’ position in the microstruct

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6

Small, J., and J. Michael. "Phase Identification of Individual Particles by Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD)." Microscopy and Microanalysis 5, S2 (1999): 226–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600014458.

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Backscattered electron Kikuchi patterns (BEKP) were first observed by Alam et al. in 1954. J.A. Venables and C.J. Harland made the initial observation of BEKP and in the scanning electron microscope in 1973. In 1996, Goehner and Michael developed an electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) system that uses a 1024 × 1024 pixel CCD camera coupled to a thin scintillator rather than photographic film. In their system, the quality of the raw patterns is improved by the use of “flat fielding” which normalizes the raw image to a “flat field” reference image that contains the image artifacts, including

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7

Lee, Tae-Ho, Heon-Young Ha, Byoungchul Hwang, Sung-Joon Kim, Eunjoo Shin, and Jong Wook Lee. "Scale-Bridging Analysis on Deformation Behavior of High-Nitrogen Austenitic Steels." Microscopy and Microanalysis 19, S5 (2013): 77–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927613012385.

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AbstractScale-bridging analysis on deformation behavior of high-nitrogen austenitic Fe–18Cr–10Mn–(0.39 and 0.69)N steels was performed by neutron diffraction, electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Two important modes of deformation were identified depending on the nitrogen content: deformation twinning in the 0.69 N alloy and strain-induced martensitic transformation in the 0.39 N alloy. The phase fraction and deformation faulting probabilities were evaluated based on analyses of peak shift and asymmetry of neutron diffraction profiles. Semi in

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8

Zhang, Yucheng, Ping Lai, Huiping Jia, Xinhua Ju, and Guibin Cui. "Investigation of Test Parameters on EBSD Analysis of Retained Austenite in TRIP and Pipeline Steels." Metals 9, no. 1 (2019): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met9010094.

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Анотація:

In this article we discuss the effect of different test parameters on the analysis of retained austenite in TRIP590, TRIP780 and X90 steels, by means of Electron Backscattered Diffraction (EBSD) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD), respectively. By analyzing the measuring retained austenite content under different conditions, the optimal test parameters were obtained. The retained austenite content measured both by the EBSD and XRD methods were also compared. The results showed that the test parameters had a great influence on the measured results of retained austenite content in steel by the EBSD met

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9

Osborn, William A., Mark J. McLean, and Brian Bush. "Selected Area Electron Beam Induced Deposition of Pt and W for EBSD Backgrounds." Microscopy and Microanalysis 25, no. 1 (2019): 77–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927618016173.

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AbstractApplying high-resolution electron backscatter diffraction (HR-EBSD) to materials without regions that are amenable to the acquisition of backgrounds for static flat fielding (background subtraction) can cause analysis problems. To address this difficulty, the efficacy of electron beam induced deposition (EBID) of material as a source for an amorphous background signal is assessed and found to be practical. Using EBID material for EBSD backgrounds allows single crystal and large-grained samples to be analyzed using HR-EBSD for strain and small angle rotation measurement.

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10

Russakova, Alyona, Darya Alontseva, and Tatyana Kolesnikova. "The Effect of Deformation and Irradiation with High-Energy Krypton Ions on the Structure and Phase Composition of Reactor Steels." Advanced Materials Research 702 (May 2013): 88–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.702.88.

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The paper presents some results of a complex research of 12Cr18Ni10Ti stainless steel in the initial, deformed and irradiated ( 8436Kr+14, E=130MeV, Fmax=9x1015 ions/сm2) states using magnetometry, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD – analysis). Application of the EBSD method revealed differences between the non-irradiated and irradiated 12Cr18Ni10Ti steel specimens consisting in the fact that in the surface layer of an irradiated sample α-and ε - phases are formed. It was established that the fluence value affects the a

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11

Mingard, Ken, and Bryan Roebuck. "Interlaboratory Measurements of Contiguity in WC-Co Hardmetals." Metals 9, no. 3 (2019): 328. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met9030328.

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Анотація:

The contiguity of a hardmetal is a measure of the proportion of the carbide grain boundaries that are in direct contact with other carbide grain boundaries. Recent analysis of data available in the literature shows a large scatter in results and a significant difference in values measured from scanning electron microscope (SEM) images and from electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) mapping. An interlaboratory exercise has been carried out with the measurement of a range of WC-Co hardmetal grades. For each grade, SEM images were acquired from both an etched surface and an ion beam polished sur

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12

Reddy, S. M., C. Clark, N. E. Timms, and B. M. Eglington. "Electron backscatter diffraction analysis and orientation mapping of monazite." Mineralogical Magazine 74, no. 3 (2010): 493–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2010.074.3.493.

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Анотація:

AbstractElectron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) analysis of monazite requires a comparison of empirically collected electron backscatter patterns (EBSPs) with theoretical diffraction data, or ‘match units’, derived from known crystallographic parameters. Published crystallographic data derived from compositionally varying natural and synthetic monazite are used to calculate ten different match units for monazite. These match units are used to systematically index EBSPs obtained from four natural monazite samples with different compositions. Analyses of EBSD data, derived from the indexing of f

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13

Cai, M., S. C. Langford, J. T. Dickinson, and L. E. Levine. "Deformation of cube-textured aluminum studied using laser-induced photoelectron emission." Journal of Materials Research 22, no. 9 (2007): 2582–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2007.0313.

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The evolution of the kinetic energy distribution of photoelectrons from a cube-oriented aluminum sample during tensile deformation was probed with a retarding field energy analyzer. Because of the anisotropy of the aluminum work function, the electron-energy distribution is altered as the area fractions of the major surface planes change during deformation. In cube-textured aluminum, deformation reduces the {100} area fraction and the relatively low energy electrons from these surfaces. Conversely, the {110} and {111} area fractions and the relatively high energy electrons from these surfaces

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14

Bunkholt, Sindre, Knut Marthinsen, and Erik Nes. "Subgrain Structures Characterized by Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD)." Materials Science Forum 794-796 (June 2014): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.794-796.3.

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Анотація:

Subgrain structures are frequently characterized by the electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) method, which is both accurate and provides good statistics. This is essential to better understand the subgrain growth mechanisms and e.g. establish the driving forces and motilities for comparison with physically based models. However, there is no commercially available software which can provide adequate subgrain boundary maps necessary for e.g. size and misorientation analysis. Here, a method that produces such maps utilizing only commercially available software is presented. The clue is to prov

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15

Picard, Yoosuf N., Ranga Kamaladasa, Marc De Graef, et al. "Future Prospects for Defect and Strain Analysis in the SEM via Electron Channeling." Microscopy Today 20, no. 2 (2012): 12–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1551929512000077.

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Анотація:

Electron diffraction in both SEM and TEM provides a contrast mechanism for imaging defects as well as a means for quantifying elastic strain. Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) is the commercially established method for SEM-based diffraction analysis. In EBSD, Kikuchi patterns are acquired by a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera and indexed using commercial software. Phase and crystallographic orientation information can be extracted from these Kikuchi patterns, and researchers have developed cross-correlation methods to measure strain as well.

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16

Yang, Cai-Ding, Ye Liu, Gao-Yang Zhou, Xing-Li Zou, Xiong-Gang Lu, and Guang-Hui Cao. "Microstructural Evolution of SK85 Pearlitic Steel Deformed by Heavy Cold Rolling." Materials 15, no. 23 (2022): 8405. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15238405.

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The microstructural evolution of SK85 pearlitic steel cold-rolled up to a 90% rolling reduction was characterized by scanning electron microscopy with electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). SK85 steel exhibits excellent cold rolling performance. The interlamellar spacing of pearlite is refined obviously and a tensile strength of 2318 MPa can be reached for SK85 steel after 90% rolling reduction, an increase of 83% from 1264 MPa before rolling. The EBSD observation indicates that the {001} <110> texture becomes pronounced at a 90% rolling reduction in cold-

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17

Popov, Vladimir V., Mikhail L. Lobanov, Stepan I. Stepanov, et al. "Texturing and Phase Evolution in Ti-6Al-4V: Effect of Electron Beam Melting Process, Powder Re-Using, and HIP Treatment." Materials 14, no. 16 (2021): 4473. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14164473.

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The research demonstrates microstructural changes and development of specific texture in Ti-6Al-4V specimens produced by electron beam melting (EBM) under different conditions. The effect of two factors, namely, raw material (powder) recycling and hot isostatic pressing (HIP), on the EBM produced samples structure and properties, has been explored. The as-printed and treated samples were investigated using electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) analysis. Modification of mechanical properties after the EBM and HIP are explained by the EBSD data on microstructural phenomena and phase transfor

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18

Dong, Jiawei, Kemin Zhang, Yang Cai, Zhimin Zhang, Yuan Lei, and Tao Zhang. "Formation of Ultrafine-Grained Ti3Al on a Ti48Al2Cr2Nb Intermetallic Alloy Induced by Pulsed Electron Beam Treatment." Journal of Nanomaterials 2015 (2015): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/389594.

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Анотація:

The microstructure modifications, phase, and texture formations encountered in a TiAl based Ti48Al2Cr2Nb intermetallic alloy induced by the high current pulsed electron beam (HCPEB) treatment were carefully investigated using scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) techniques. The initial material contains the majorityγ-TiAl phase and the minorityα-Ti3Al phase. After the HCPEB treatment, the initialα-Ti3Al was dissolved into the melted layer and the very top surface is covered by ultrafine-grainedα-Ti3Al phase having thermal st

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19

Pérez-Huerta, Alberto, and Maggie Cusack. "Optimizing Electron Backscatter Diffraction of Carbonate Biominerals—Resin Type and Carbon Coating." Microscopy and Microanalysis 15, no. 3 (2009): 197–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927609090370.

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AbstractElectron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) is becoming a widely used technique to determine crystallographic orientation in biogenic carbonates. Despite this use, there is little information available on preparation for the analysis of biogenic carbonates. EBSD data are compared for biogenic aragonite and calcite in the common blue mussel, Mytilus edulis, using different types of resin and thicknesses of carbon coating. Results indicate that carbonate biomineral samples provide better EBSD results if they are embedded in resin, particularly epoxy resin. A uniform layer of carbon of 2.5 nm

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20

Small, J., and J. Michael. "Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD) of Sub 500 Nm Particles." Microscopy and Microanalysis 7, S2 (2001): 378–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600027963.

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In our initial studies of the phase identification analysis of individual particles by EBSD, we observed that the quality of the EBSD patterns obtained from particles less than 1 micrometer in size decreased with decreasing particle size, density, and atomic number. This effect is shown in FIG. 1 by comparison of an EBSD pattern from a 12 um Al2O3 particle (FIG. la) and a 200 nm Al2O3 particle FIG. lb. Both particles were mounted on 2 mm thick carbon substrates. The Kikuchi bands from the larger particle are clearly visible while the bands from the smaller particle are not. This decrease in im

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21

Isabell, Thomas C., and Vinayak P. Dravid. "Electron Backscattered Diffraction (EBSD) with a Cold Held Emission Gun (cFEG) SEM: Resolution, Sensitivity and Applications." Microscopy and Microanalysis 3, S2 (1997): 557–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600009673.

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A thorough and complete assessment of microstructure of materials requires a wide variety of analytical techniques, which should be sensitive to at all length scales - from mms to atomic scale. While there have been rapid advances in imaging and spectroscopy techniques for microstructural analysis - at all length scales, techniques for crystallographic analysis of microstructure have primarily relied on bulk x-ray/neutron diffraction and TEM. X-ray and neutron diffraction techniques, though very powerful, are primarily bulk techniques and extraction of local crystallography is formidable if no

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22

Nowell, Matthew M., Ronald A. Witt, and Brian W. True. "EBSD Sample Preparation: Techniques, Tips, and Tricks." Microscopy Today 13, no. 4 (2005): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1551929500053669.

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Анотація:

Automated analysis of Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD) patterns for orientation imaging and phase identification in materials and earth sciences has become a widely accepted microstructural analysis tool. To briefly review, EBSD is a scanning electron microscope (SEM) based technique where the sample is tilted approximately 70 degrees and the electron beam is positioned in an analytical spot-mode within a selected grain. An EBSD pattern is formed due to the diffraction of the electron beam by select crystallographic planes within the material. The EBSD pattern is representative of both

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23

Borkar, Hemant, Salem Seifeddine, and Anders E. W. Jarfors. "Microstructure analysis of Al–Si–Cu alloys prepared by gradient solidification technique." International Journal of Modern Physics B 29, no. 10n11 (2015): 1540015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979215400159.

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Al – Si – Cu alloys were cast with the unique gradient solidification technique to produce alloys with two cooling rates corresponding to secondary dendrite arm spacing (SDAS) of ~9 and ~27 μm covering the microstructural fineness of common die cast components. The microstructure was studied with optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD). The alloy with higher cooling rate, lower SDAS, has a more homogeneous microstructure with well distributed network of eutectic and intermetallic

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24

Mao, Fang Fang, Xian Hao Wang, Qiang Zheng, Fa Qiang Zhang, Zhao Quan Zhang, and Hui Gu. "Grain Boundary Phase Analysis for Y₂O₃-Doped AlN Ceramics." Key Engineering Materials 544 (March 2013): 162–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.544.162.

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Y2O3 is a common sintering additive of AlN ceramics to achieve densification and remove the oxygen impurity, resulting in a typically grain boundary phase (GBP) Y3Al5O12 (YAG). Two AlN ceramics with 3wt% and 5wt% Y2O3 intended for thermal conductivity study were sintered at 1800 °C for 4h. X-ray diffraction (XRD) indicates that GBP could either be YAG or YAP (YAlO3) phase, while the selected area electron diffraction (SAED) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) in TEM identifies it as YAP instead of YAG. The electron back-scattering diffraction (EBSD) in SEM further confirms the general presence o

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25

Pinard, Philippe T., Marin Lagacé, Pierre Hovington, Denis Thibault, and Raynald Gauvin. "An Open-Source Engine for the Processing of Electron Backscatter Patterns: EBSD-Image." Microscopy and Microanalysis 17, no. 3 (2011): 374–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927611000456.

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AbstractAn open source software package dedicated to processing stored electron backscatter patterns is presented. The package gives users full control over the type and order of operations that are performed on electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) patterns as well as the results obtained. The current version of EBSD-Image (www.ebsd-image.org) offers a flexible and structured interface to calculate various quality metrics over large datasets. It includes unique features such as practical file formats for storing diffraction patterns and analysis results, stitching of mappings with automatic

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26

Wright, Stuart I., Matthew M. Nowell, René de Kloe, and Lisa Chan. "Orientation Precision of Electron Backscatter Diffraction Measurements Near Grain Boundaries." Microscopy and Microanalysis 20, no. 3 (2014): 852–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s143192761400035x.

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AbstractElectron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) has become a common technique for measuring crystallographic orientations at spatial resolutions on the order of tens of nanometers and at angular resolutions <0.1°. In a recent search of EBSD papers using Google Scholar™, 60% were found to address some aspect of deformation. Generally, deformation manifests itself in EBSD measurements by small local misorientations. An increase in the local misorientation is often observed near grain boundaries in deformed microstructures. This may be indicative of dislocation pile-up at the boundaries but co

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27

Koblischka-Veneva, A., M. R. Koblischka, X. L. Zeng, J. Schmauch, and U. Hartmann. "TEM and electron backscatter diffraction analysis (EBSD) on superconducting nanowires." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1054 (July 2018): 012005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1054/1/012005.

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28

Nowak, Wojciech J. "The Use of Ion Milling for Surface Preparation for EBSD Analysis." Materials 14, no. 14 (2021): 3970. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14143970.

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Анотація:

An electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) method provides information about the crystallographic structure of materials. However, a surface subjected to analysis needs to be well-prepared. This usually requires following a time-consuming procedure of mechanical polishing. The alternative methods of surface preparation for EBSD are performed via electropolishing or focus ion beam (FIB). In the present study, plasma etching using a glow discharge optical emission spectrometer (GD-OES) was applied for surface preparation for EBSD analysis. The obtained results revealed that plasma etching thro

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29

Dalgaard, E., Frederik Coghe, L. Rabet, Mohammad Jahazi, Priti Wanjara, and John J. Jonas. "Texture Evolution in Linear Friction Welded Ti-6Al-4V." Advanced Materials Research 89-91 (January 2010): 124–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.89-91.124.

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Анотація:

The linear friction welding (LFW) behavior of Ti-6Al-4V, a commercial α + β titanium alloy, was investigated using oscillation frequencies ranging from 30-70 Hz and axial pressures from 50-110 MPa. LFW samples were examined using electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) to relate the texture to the welding parameters and to the estimated strain and strain rate. Characterization of the welds included analysis of the microstructure of the weld and of the thermomechanically affected zones (TMAZ) in relation to the parent material.

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30

Örs, Taylan, Jean-Sébastien Micha, Nathalie Gey, Vincent Michel, Olivier Castelnau, and René Guinebretiere. "EBSD-assisted Laue microdiffraction for microstrain analysis." Journal of Applied Crystallography 51, no. 1 (2018): 55–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600576717017150.

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The X-ray Laue microdiffraction (µLaue) technique has been establishing itself as a reliable means for microstrain analysis for the past few decades. One problem with this technique is that when the crystal size is significantly smaller than the probed volume and when the diffracting crystals are closely oriented, a large number of individual µLaue patterns are superimposed in a complex way on the recorded diffraction images. In that case, because of the difficulty of isolating unambiguously a single-grain µLaue pattern, a reliable analysis of strains is tedious manually and hardly achievable

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31

Ashida, Koji, Daichi Dojima, Yasunori Kutsuma, et al. "Evaluation of Polishing-Induced Subsurface Damage of 4H-SiC (0001) by Cross-Sectional Electron Backscattered Diffraction and Synchrotron X-Ray Micro-Diffraction." MRS Advances 1, no. 55 (2016): 3697–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2016.433.

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Анотація:

ABSTRACTThe range of polishing-induced subsurface damage remaining in a commercially available production grade 4H-SiC (0001) epi-ready substrate was evaluated by the observation from the (-1100) cleavage plane using two kinds of highly strain-sensitive characterization methods. Firstly, the analysis using electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) with a submicron spatial resolution was conducted on the exposed cross sectional plane. Then, for the further quantitative evaluation excluding the influence of roughness or contamination of the cleavage plane, a synchrotron X-ray micro-diffraction e

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32

Wenk, H. R. "Texture Analysis of Earth Materials. Comparison of EBSD With Other Diffraction Techniques." Microscopy and Microanalysis 5, S2 (1999): 228–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s143192760001446x.

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Анотація:

An important feature of polycrystalline materials is the orientation distribution of crystallites also known as crystallographic preferred orientation or texture [1]. Conventionally it is measured by x-ray diffraction, averaging over sample surfaces. With demands for more quantitative material characterization, both in engineering and earth sciences, new methods have been developed. Two dimensions are of interest: Averages over larger sample volumes give a better representation to estimate bulk physical properties. Here neutron diffraction is advantageous. Because of minimal absorption large s

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33

Lou, Yong Ping, Ming Chen, Jun Feng Li, and Xiao Dong Hu. "Study on the Recrystallization of Deformation Microstructure of AZ31 Magnesium Alloy." Solid State Phenomena 263 (September 2017): 55–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.263.55.

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Анотація:

A real-time calculation model discretized by the cellular automata (CA) method was developed for the numerical simulation of AZ31 magnesium alloy microstructure evolution during recrystallization (RX). The RX processes under different strains were simulated, also, variations in morphologies of recrystallization grains are discussed. The results of numerical simulation were compared with those of experiment analysis, and the microstructure obtained by CA was found to well agree with the actual pattern obtained by EBSD (Electron Backscattered Diffraction) analysis. The numerical simulation techn

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34

Yadav, Devinder, and Ranjit Bauri. "Microstructure Development in Single and Double-Pass Friction Stir Processing of Aluminium." Materials Science Forum 753 (March 2013): 50–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.753.50.

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Анотація:

Single pass and double-pass friction stir processing was carried out on commercially pure aluminium at a rotation speed of 640 rpm and traverse speed of 150 mm/min and a detailed electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis was carried out to understand the microstructure developed. The grain size was refined substantially after the first pass whereas there was no significant change in the grain size after the second pass. This indicates that the final grain size after friction stir processing does not depend on the starting grain size. The equi

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35

Choi, Z.-S., R. Mönig, and C. V. Thompson. "Effects of microstructure on the formation, shape, and motion of voids during electromigration in passivated copper interconnects." Journal of Materials Research 23, no. 2 (2008): 383–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2008.0054.

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Анотація:

In situ scanning electron microscope observations have been performed on passivated damascene Cu interconnect segments of different widths during accelerated electromigration tests. In some cases, voids form and grow at the cathode. However, an alternative failure mode is also observed, during which voids form distant from the cathode end of the interconnect segment and drift toward the cathode, where they eventually lead to failure. The number of observations of this failure mode increased with increasing linewidth. During void motion, the shape and the velocity of the drifting voids varied s

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36

Müller, M., D. Britz, and F. Mücklich. "Scale-bridging Microstructural Analysis – A Correlative Approach to Microstructure Quantification Combining Microscopic Images and EBSD Data." Practical Metallography 58, no. 7 (2021): 408–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pm-2021-0032.

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Анотація:

Abstract A comprehensive description of complex material structures may require characterization using different methods and observations across several scales. This work will present a correlative approach including light optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and electron backscatter diffraction, enabling microstructure quantification which combines microscopic images and electron backscatter diffraction data. The parameters obtained from electron backscatter diffraction such as misorientation parameters or grain and phase boundary data are an ideal source of information, complemen

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37

Singh, Rahul, Surya Deo Yadav, Biraj Kumar Sahoo, Sandip Ghosh Chowdhury, and Abhishek Kumar. "Phase transformation, Mechanical Properties and Corrosion Behavior of 304L Austenitic Stainless Steel Rolled at Room and Cryo Temperatures." Defence Science Journal 71, no. 03 (2021): 383–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.71.16721.

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The present work investigates the effect of rolling (90% thickness reduction) on phase transformation, mechanical properties, and corrosion behaviour of 304L-austenitic stainless steel through cryorolling and room temperature rolling. The processed steel sheets were characterised through X-ray diffraction (XRD), electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The analysis of XRD patterns, EBSD scan, and vibrating sample magnetometer results confirmed the transformation of the austenitic phase to the martensitic phase during rolling. Cryorolling resulted in i

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38

Laigo, Johanne, Franck Tancret, René Le Gall, and Jader Furtado. "EBSD Phase Identification and Modeling of Precipitate Formation in HP Alloys." Advanced Materials Research 15-17 (February 2006): 702–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.15-17.702.

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Анотація:

Heat-resistant steels of HP series (Fe-25Cr-35Ni) are used as reformer tubes in petrochemical industries. Their composition includes Nb and Ti as strong carbide formers. In the ascast condition, alloys exhibit an austenite matrix with intergranular MC, M23C6 and/or M7C3 eutectic carbides. During exposure at high temperature, phase transformations occur: chromium carbides of M7C3 type transform into the more stable M23C6 type, intragranular M23C6 carbides precipitate, and a silicide, the G-phase (Ni16Nb6Si7), forms due to the instability of MC carbides (NbC). Thermodynamic simulation is of grea

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39

Carneiro, Íris, Filomena Viana, Manuel F. Vieira, José V. Fernandes, and Sónia Simões. "EBSD Analysis of Metal Matrix Nanocomposite Microstructure Produced by Powder Metallurgy." Nanomaterials 9, no. 6 (2019): 878. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9060878.

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The development of metal nanocomposites reinforced by carbon nanotubes (CNTs) remains a focus of the scientific community due to the growing need to produce lightweight advanced materials with unique mechanical properties. However, for the successful production of these nanocomposites, there is a need to consolidate knowledge about how reinforcement influences the matrix microstructure and which are the strengthening mechanisms promoting the best properties. In this context, this investigation focuses on the study of the reinforcement effect on the microstructure of an Ni-CNT nanocomposites pr

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40

Hou, Zi Yong, Yun Bo Xu, Di Wu, and Guo Dong Wang. "Study of Microstructure and Texture of Nb-IF High Strength Steel after Cold Rolling and Annealing." Advanced Materials Research 538-541 (June 2012): 1208–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.538-541.1208.

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Анотація:

The effects of annealing routes (batch annealing and continuous annealing) on the development of microstructure and texture in a cold-rolled Nb-IF high strength steel sheet were studied by means of optical microscopy(OM), electron backscattered diffraction(EBSD) and ODF analysis. The results show that the finer and more homogenous recrystallization grain can be observed in the CA steel. The CA process leads to an increase in the intensity of the γ-fibers, and the very sharp and uniform γ-fibers are found in this case, which is beneficial to the deep-drawability.

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41

Yang, Hua Shan, Yu Jun Che, Zhen Liao, and Tian Lan. "The Structure of Glutinous-Lime Mortar: A Fuzzy Fractal System." Key Engineering Materials 629-630 (October 2014): 606–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.629-630.606.

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The glutinous rice-lime mortar (M_GRL) is a high performance organic-inorganic composite, which has been commonly used as a building material since ancient times in China. However, the knowledge of nonlinear structure of M_GRL is limited. In this work, the nonlinear structure of traditional M_GRL was investigated. The particle size distribution (PSD) of fine and micro-aggregate were evaluated by fuzzy fractal set. The microstructure of M_GRL were tested by electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) and field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) analysis. Results shown that the structur

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42

Rdzawski, Z., W. Głuchowski, J. Stobrawa, and J. Sobota. "Effect of Rare-Earth Metals Addition on Microstructure and Properties of Selected Copper Alloys." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 59, no. 2 (2014): 641–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/amm-2014-0105.

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Анотація:

Abstract Effect of addition of rare earth metals on microstructure and properties of copper alloys after casting, after cold working and after heat treatment was studies in this paper. Methodology consisted of microstructure investigations by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. In addition, distribution of alloying elements and electron backscattered diffraction results (EBSD) were presented. The mechanical properties of a wire after tension test and after hardness measurements were described. Electrical conductivity test was performed using Foerster Sigmatest and Thomson brid

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43

Pabich, Stephanie, Christian Vollmer, and Nikolaus Gussone. "Investigating crystal orientation patterns of foraminiferal tests by electron backscatter diffraction analysis." European Journal of Mineralogy 32, no. 6 (2020): 613–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ejm-32-613-2020.

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Abstract. We studied the crystallographic orientation of calcite crystals in benthic foraminifers by electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). Individuals of two species, Gyroidinoides soldanii and Cibicidoides grimsdalei, featuring different test structures, were investigated for a time span covering 43 Myr. The aims of this study are to visualize test structure differences in foraminifers and to reveal potential changes in crystal orientation and grain size over time caused by diagenetic reactions such as recrystallization. Such recrystallization effects over time may aid in the interpretatio

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44

Bogucki, R., K. Sulikowska, M. Bieda, P. Ostachowski, and K. Sztwiertnia. "Analysis of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties Changes in AA1050 Aluminum Subjected to ECAP and KoBo Processes / Analiza Zmian Mikrostruktury I Własności Mechanicznych Aluminium AA1050 Po Procesie ECAP I KoBo." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 60, no. 4 (2015): 3063–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amm-2015-0489.

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Анотація:

Analysis of the results of the microstructure and the mechanical properties change in AA1050 aluminum alloy of technical purity processed using ECAP (Equal Channel Angular Pressing) and KoBo deformation methods are presented in the paper.. ECAP process was performed according to Bc scheme in the range from 1 up to 10 passes. Changes of microstructure were analyzed using scanning electrone microscope equipped with electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) system. Microstructure and fraction of high-angle grain boundaries in KoBo processed samples were similar to those observed in ECAP processed

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45

Koblischka-Veneva, A., and M. R. Koblischka. "Analysis of twin boundaries using the electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) technique." Materials Science and Engineering: B 151, no. 1 (2008): 60–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mseb.2008.02.009.

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46

Ji, Bong Ki, Jun Hyung Lim, Dong Wook Lee, et al. "Effects of Processing Variables on the Development of the Cube Texture in Ni Tapes Fabricated by the Cold Working of Ni Powder Compact Rods." Materials Science Forum 449-452 (March 2004): 121–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.449-452.121.

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Анотація:

We studied the effects of the processing variables on the texture development of Ni tapes prepared from Ni powder compact rods. The Ni power was compacted into rods by cold isostatic pressing(CIP). The CIP-processed Ni rods were sintered for densification and made into Ni tapes of 100 microns by cold rolling. For the development of a cube texture, the rolled Ni tapes were annealed at various temperatures. The brass texture was converted into a cube texture during annealing and the degree of the formed cube textured was dependent on the annealing temperature. We analyzed the (200) cube texture

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47

Drozdenko, Daria, Gergely Farkas, Pavol Šimko, et al. "Influence of Volume Fraction of Long-Period Stacking Ordered Structure Phase on the Deformation Processes during Cyclic Deformation of Mg-Y-Zn Alloys." Crystals 11, no. 1 (2020): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11010011.

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Анотація:

Deformation mechanisms in extruded Mg-Y-Zn alloys with different volume fractions of the long-period stacking ordered (LPSO) structure have been investigated during cyclic loading, i.e., compression followed by unloading and reverse tensile loading. Electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) and in situ neutron diffraction (ND) techniques are used to determine strain path dependence of the deformation mechanisms. The twinning-detwinning mechanism operated in the α-Mg phase is of key importance for the subsequent hardening behavior of alloys with complex microstructures, consisting of α-Mg and L

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48

Li, Lili, and Ming Han. "Determining the Bravais lattice using a single electron backscatter diffraction pattern." Journal of Applied Crystallography 48, no. 1 (2015): 107–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600576714025989.

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Theab initioderivation of the Bravais lattice from the Kikuchi bands detected from a single electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) pattern is successfully performed. The as-measured band widths and azimuths always suffer from gnomonic distortions which need to be corrected. A primitive reciprocal cell is first reconstructed by means of the corrected data and the cell parameters are then refined by least-squares analysis of hugely over-determined equations. This allows one to further derive a Niggli reduced cell from the primitive cell. The algorithm presented is not related to any crystal sym

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49

Šedivý, Ondřej, Viktor Beneš, Petr Ponížil, Petr Král, and Václav Sklenička. "QUANTITATIVE CHARACTERIZATION OF MICROSTRUCTURE OF PURE COPPER PROCESSED BY ECAP." Image Analysis & Stereology 32, no. 2 (2013): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5566/ias.v32.p65-75.

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Orientation imaging microscopy (OIM) allows to measure crystallic orientations at the surface of the material. Digitalized data representing the orientations are processed to recognize the grain structure and they are visualized in crystal orientation maps. Analysis of the data firstly consists in recognition of grain boundaries followed by identification of grains themselves. Knowing the grain morphology it is possible to characterize the homogeneity of the structure and estimate structural parameters related to the physical properties of the material. The paper describes methods of imaging a

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50

Królicka, Aleksandra, Aleksandra Janik, Andrzej Żak, and Krzysztof Radwański. "The qualitative–quantitative approach to microstructural characterization of nanostructured bainitic steels using electron microscopy methods." Materials Science-Poland 39, no. 2 (2021): 188–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/msp-2021-0017.

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Abstract Both qualitative and quantitative analyses play a key role in the microstructural characterization of nanobainitic steels focused on their mechanical properties. This research demonstrates various methods of microstructure analysis using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) techniques, taking into account these two approaches. The structural constituents have been qualitatively characterized using TEM and selected area electron diffraction (SAED), together with quantitative analysis based on the misorie

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