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Готові списки джерел за темами / Annual Effective Dose Equivalent / Статті в журналах

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Статті в журналах з теми "Annual Effective Dose Equivalent"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 3 червня 2025

Оновлено: 31 липня 2025

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1

Muhammad, Nuruddeen Abdulkareem, Abiodun Ibrahim Olanrewaju, Mudassir Usman Muhammad, Isiaka Onaolapo Raheem, and Yakubu Ibrahim. "Assessment and evaluation of residents' excess lifetime cancer risk of federal university of Kashere, Gombe State, Nigeria." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 19, no. 1 (2023): 1499–510. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10335802.

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A Study of indoor and outdoor radiation dose rate level measurements for male and female hostels at the Federal University of Kashere Hostels, Gombe State, Nigeria, has been carried out with the radiation alert smart 4 to ascertain the radiation level. The measured radiation dose rates were used to calculate the excess lifetime cancer risk and assess radiological health risks. The mean annual outdoor and indoor equivalent doses were 0.025 mSv/y. and 0.370 mSv/y. were recorded, with less than 1 mSv/y. maximum recommended limit for the general public. The mean annua

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2

Akintoye, A.O. "Determination of Natural Radioactivity Concentration Levels in Soil Samples in Odigbo Local Government Area." Pharmaceutical and Chemical Journal 4, no. 6 (2017): 53–60. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13886067.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of natural radioactivity  concentrations of <sup>238</sup>U, <sup>232</sup>Th and <sup>40</sup>K in the surface (0-5cm) soil samples collected from Odigbo in the Southwestern region of Nigeria. The surface soils were collected along the streets of this city. The activity concentrations of naturally-occurring radioactive materials in the<sup> 238</sup>U, <sup>232</sup>Th and <sup>40</sup>K were determined by means of a Sodium Iodide (NaI) gamma-ray spectrometry system detector in a low background configuration. The mean activity concentration

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3

Suresh, S., D. R. Rangaswamy, J. Sannappa, and E. Srinivasa. "Gamma Dose Rate and Annual Effective Dose Equivalent in Uttara Kannada District, Karnataka, India." Radiochemistry 63, no. 5 (2021): 672–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1066362221050179.

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4

GÜMÜŞ, Ayla, and Hüseyin Ali YALIM. "Determination of Indoor Radon Concentrations and Annual Effective Dose Equivalents at Afyon Kocatepe University Ahmet Necdet Sezer Campus." Afyon Kocatepe University Journal of Sciences and Engineering 22, no. 4 (2022): 719–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.35414/akufemubid.1142177.

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People generally spend more than 90% of their time indoors. Exposure to radon in indoor environments can be a significant health problem. In this study, radon concentrations were measured to evaluate the health risks of employees and students in 6 faculty buildings in Afyon Kocatepe University Ahmet Necdet Sezer Campus and to calculate annual effective dose equivalents. Measurements were carried out in the Genitron AlphaGUARD PQ2000 PRO Radon Detector System which measures with active measurement method. The radon concentration values of the faculty buildings are 4.48-82.00 Bqm-3; mean radon c

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5

Abiodun, Ibrahim Olanrewaju, Nuruddeen Abdulkareem Muhammad, and Onaolapo Raheem Isiaka. "Evaluation of outdoor background ionizing radiation level around radiological sections in Federal Teaching Hospital Gombe, Gombe State Nigeria." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 19, no. 2 (2023): 196–203. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10830182.

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This study presents the results of ambient radioactive radiation, radiation health hazard indices and excess lifetime cancer risk estimation around radiological sections in Federal Teaching Hospital Gombe, Gombe State, Nigeria using a well calibrated Rados-200 meters and a Global Positioning System (Garmin 765). The mean annual outdoor equivalent dose of 0.078 mSv/y. was measured. Mean annual outdoor effective doses of 0.1358 mSv/y. and 0.0950 mSv/y. were computed respectively, that were less than 1 mSv/y. maximum recommended limit for general public. The mean outdoor ELCR values of 0.3330 x10

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6

Júnior, J. A. Santos, R. S. Amaral, C. M. Silva, and R. S. C. Menezes. "Radium equivalent and annual effective dose from geological samples from Pedra – Pernambuco – Brazil." Radiation Measurements 45, no. 7 (2010): 861–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.radmeas.2010.03.011.

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7

Abdulwahhab, Alkuwafi1 Idris Imneisi2*. "Assessment of Gamma Dose Rate in Outdoor Environments in Selected Locations of Awjila and Jalu, Southeast Libya." Alq J Med App Sci 5, no. 2 (2022): 611–16. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7482381.

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<strong>Aims</strong>. The primary objective of this study was to estimate the absorbed dose rate of the naturally occurring radioactive nuclides at a height of one meter above earth's surface. <strong>Methods</strong>. The outdoor radiation exposure dose rates caused by radioactivity concentrations of radionuclides in the soil have been evaluated at several locations in Awjilah and Jalu, Libya, using portable devices RADEX RD 1501 and LB 123. <strong>Results</strong>. Thirty-seven random sites were examined. The absorbed dosage rate ranged from 34.8357 to 95.7734 nGy/hr in dry air at a he

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8

Ahmed, Jawad Al-Naji, Awad Kadhim Shaymaa, Riyadh Abdulridha Ali, Kazem Ali Baraa, Anwar Abdul Amir Ali, and Fadel Hashem Haneen. "Radiometric Comparison of Selected Sites in the Southern and Northern Part of the Campus Section of University of Kufa." International Journal of Novel Research in Physics Chemistry & Mathematics 10, no. 3 (2023): 93–99. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10060576.

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<strong>Abstract:</strong> In the current study, the Southern and Northern parts of the campus portion of the university of Kufa were used to determine the gamma background radiation dose indoors and outdoors for the chosen region. Utilizing a portable dosimeter survey, "Inspector + (Alert model RAP RS1), S.E. international, (Inc, USA)" measurements were taken. At 51 locations, the mean equivalent dose of natural radionuclides (EADE) was calculated (21 in the south and 30 in the north),using a Geiger-Muller tube with an extremely sensitive gamma detector. The mean EADEtotal for site soil radia

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9

Ayeni, Dayo A., and Festus M. Adebiyi. "Evaluation of Natural Radioactivity and Radiation Hazards of Soils around Petroleum Products Marketing Company using Gamma Ray Spectrometry." Tanzania Journal of Science 48, no. 2 (2022): 304–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tjs.v48i2.7.

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This study aimed at evaluating natural radioactivity and radiation hazards of soils around a petroleum product marketing company due to anthropogenic influences using gamma ray spectrometry. Top soils (5 cm deep) were collected from diverse locations inside the premises of the Company using standard analytical technique, while control samples were acquired at approximately 200 m from the study area. Mean activity concentrations of the radionuclides in the test soils were 89.36 Bq/kg for 40K, 92.1 Bq/kg for 238U and 10.95 Bq/kg for 232Th, which are more than that of control samples with statist

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10

Mitrovic, Branislava, Dragana Todorovic, Jelena Ajtic, and Borjana Vranjes. "A review: Natural and artificial radionuclides and radiation hazard parameters in the soil of mountain regions in Serbia." Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade 65, no. 1 (2020): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jas2001001m.

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This review paper discusses the content of natural (40K, 238U, 226Ra, and 232Th) and artificial (137Cs) radionuclides in the soil of the mountains of Maljen, Tara and Kopaonik in the Republic of Serbia over 2002-2015. In addition, the paper gives radiation hazard parameters, i.e., radium equivalent activity, absorbed dose rate, annual effective dose equivalent, external hazard index, annual gonadal dose equivalent, and excess lifetime cancer risk outdoors that we calculated from the obtained content of the natural radionuclides in the soil samples. We compared the parameters to previously publ

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11

Cliff, K. D., J. R. Britten, D. W. Dixon, P. H. Gardner, and P. A. T. Richardson. "Radon Control and Remedies in Buildings." Radiation Protection Dosimetry 24, no. 1-4 (1988): 531–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a080339.

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Abstract The Government in the UK has decided that remedial action to reduce exposure from radon daughters in existing houses should be taken where the annual effective dose equivalent exceeds an Action Level of 20 mSv. Future houses should be designed so that the annual dose from radon daughters does not exceed an Upper Bound of 5 mSv. The Ionising Radiations Regulations 1985 impose statutory control on exposure to radon daughters in the workplace. Field and laboratory studies of effective methods to reduce radon concentrations in buildings in the UK are in progress. An account of this work i

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12

ABOJASSIM, ALI ABID, LUBNA A. AL-ALASADI, AHMED R. SHITAKE, FAEQ A. AL-TEMEMIE, and AFNAN A. HUSAIN. "Assessment of Annual Effective Dose for Natural Radioactivity of Gamma Emitters in Biscuit Samples in Iraq." Journal of Food Protection 78, no. 9 (2015): 1766–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-15-067.

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Biscuits are an important type of food, widely consumed by babies in Iraq and other countries. This work uses gamma spectroscopy to measure the natural radioactivity due to long-lived gamma emitters in children's biscuits; it also estimates radiation hazard indices, that is, the radium equivalent activity, the representative of gamma level index, the internal hazard index, and the annual effective dose in children. Ten samples were collected from the Iraqi market from different countries of origin. The average specific activities for 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K were 9.390, 3.1213, and 214.969 Bq/kg,

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13

Pucha, Gilson, Víctor Armijos, Bolívar Flores, and Celso Recalde. "Estimación de la tasa de dosis gamma ambiental en la ciudad petrolera de Pacayacu, Ecuador." Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences 13, no. 2 (2025): e2818. https://doi.org/10.15392/2319-0612.2025.2818.

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This study estimated the ambient equivalent dose rate in the oil parish of Pacayacu, which is located in Lago Agrio, Sucumbíos province. It has experienced constant oil activity since 1980. Measurements were performed in 77 different places, including 63 closed oil wells, eight points near operating wells, three points between Pacayacu and the Aguarico River, one mining concession, and two control points. Ludlum digital meters connected to NaI(Tl) scintillation probes were used to obtain five one-minute measurements at each site. The average ambient equivalent dose rate was 0.12 µSv·hˉ¹, with

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14

Jameel, Athraa Naji. "Radiological Risk Assessment and Radioactivity Concentration in ediment of Tigris River of the Medical City/Bab Al Muadham." Ibn AL- Haitham Journal For Pure and Applied Sciences 35, no. 1 (2022): 28–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.30526/35.1.2796.

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The concentrations of natural radionuclides in sediment samples from various locations along the stream of the Tigris riverbank in the Medical city in Bab Al- Muadham, Baghdad, had been examined using NaI(Tl) detector. The mean concentrations of specific activity for 238U, 232Th, 40K and 137Cs for sediments of the river was 13.5±4.6, 35.2±3.1, 272.2±21.4 and 1.5±0.35 Bq/kg respectively. The findings revealed that the concentration values of natural radionuclides and cesium were below permitted limits. The radiological hazard was compared with a global average (Radium equivalent, absorbed dose

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15

Kendall, G. M., J. W. Stather, and A. W. Phipps. "Effectance, committed effective dose equivalent and annual limits on intake: what are the changes?" Journal of Radiological Protection 10, no. 2 (1990): 83–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0952-4746/10/2/001.

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16

Schlenker, Robert A. "Comparison of Intake and Committed Dose Equivalent Permitted by Radiation Protection Systems Based on Annual Dose Equivalent and Committed Dose Equivalent for a Nuclide of Intermediate Effective Half-life." Health Physics 51, no. 2 (1986): 207–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004032-198608000-00005.

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17

S.Khalf, Yassamin, and Kareem K. Mohammad. "Measurement of Natural Radioactivity Level in Selected Phosphate Fertilizer Samples Collected from Iraqi Markets." Al-Nahrain Journal of Science 24, no. 3 (2021): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.22401/anjs.24.3.07.

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The Gamma-ray spectrometry (spectra line Gp) and a high-purity germanium (HPGe) detector were used to determine the activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K in fertilizer samples. 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K activity concentrations in fertilizers and phosphate raw. In this study the gamma index(I), Radium equivalent dose(Raeq),dose rate(DR),external hazard index(Hex) internal hazard index(Hin), annual effective dose outdoor(AEDout) and annual effective dose indoor(AEDin)were found. This study could serve as a starting point for figuring out how fertilizer radiation affects human health.

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18

ABOJASSIM, ALI ABID, DAHIR MOHAMMAD DAHIR, AZHAR S. ALABOODI, and ABBAS H. ABONASRIA. "Annual Effective Dose of Gamma Emitters in Adults and Children for Some Types of Rice Consumed in Iraq." Journal of Food Protection 79, no. 12 (2016): 2174–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-16-242.

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ABSTRACT This work studies the activity concentration of natural radioactivity in 20 different types of rice, including imported rice and that produced locally. The rice samples were collected from markets and farms in Iraq, and then a natural radioactivity investigation was done in the environmental laboratory of the Kufa University, using gamma-ray spectrometer systems. The research focused on measuring the activity concentration of natural radioactivity (238U, 232Th, and 40K) to determine the level of the radium equivalent activity, internal hazard indices, and annual effective dose. The re

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19

S. B., Ibikunle, Ibikunle B. C., and Akinmoju C. "Estimation of Cosmic Effect on Background Nuclear Radiation." International Journal of Research and Review 9, no. 3 (2022): 83–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20220310.

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The effect of cosmos on background nuclear radiation has been estimated with altitude on Idanre hill using the rad scanner model 500VBR. Five readings were taken in order to ensure accuracy and reliability of the result. The mean absorbed dose rate in air for ground, middle and top of the hill were estimated to be 322.67±35.80, 353.72±37.79 and 457.88 ± 40.30 nGy h-1 respectively. The absorbed dose rate and the effective dose equivalent increases with height which is an indication of nuclear radiation enhancement by the cosmos. The mean outdoor annual effective dose equivalent was obtained as

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20

Hamad, Mahdi, and Yasir Mohammad. "The Effective Dose Equivalent for potassium K40 in Cow's Milk of Salah-Din Governorate/ Iraq." Tikrit Journal for Agricultural Sciences 19, no. 2 (2023): 40–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjas.19.2.5.

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Radioactivity was measured for 170 cow's milk samples in Salah-Din governorate. Samples were measured by a gamma spectrometry system, using a high purity germanium (HPGe) detector. The detector was shielded by 10 cm all sides with cadmium copper in the inner sides. The selected characteristic gamma peaks for the detection of different ware 1460kev for K-40. The energy calibration was performed using a set of standard gamma ray calibration sources Eu-152. The results of show the presence of in all samples of milk. The maximum radioactivity was seen in Baiji city was (424 Bq/kg), while the minim

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21

Aladova, E. E., E. K. Vasilenko, A. V. Efimov, V. V. Vostrotin, M. E. Sokolnikov, and S. A. Romanov. "Methodology for Rationing Internal Exposure from Plutonium: Problems and Solutions." MEDICAL RADIOLOGY AND RADIATION SAFETY 67, no. 6 (2022): 36–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.33266/1024-6177-2022-67-6-36-43.

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Purpose: The presented materials are devoted to the development of a methodology for rationing the impact of plutonium intake by the amount of annual excess risk, which should not exceed 1 ×10-3. It is shown that the existing approach to the rationing of plutonium by the expected effective dose does not reflect the actual levels of personnel exposure and, therefore, does not provide the necessary level of radiation safety at plutonium processing plants. Results: Using data from epidemiological surveillance of a cohort of employees of the Mayak software, an assessment of the excessive relative

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22

Mary, Karolin, and Shanthi George. "Investigation of natural radioactivity and its associated radiological parameters in different tiles used in Kanyakumari district, Tamil Nadu, India." Radiation Protection and Environment 47, no. 2 (2024): 97–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/rpe.rpe_10_24.

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Abstract Radiological parameters resulting from different tiles commonly used in homes and offices in Kanyakumari district of Tamil Nadu, India were assessed in this study by carrying out radioactivity measurement of natural radionuclides (226Ra, 232Th, and 40K) in them using a NaI (Tl) gamma-ray spectrometer. The tiles’ respective mean activity concentrations were about 49.2 Bqkg−1 for 226Ra, 49.3 Bqkg−1 for 232Th, and 479 Bqkg−1 for 40K. Radiological parameters such as radium equivalent activity, absorbed dose rate, annual effective dose, and gamma index were evaluated. The calculated mean a

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23

Elmzainy, Ahmed S. A., Salah Saleh Basil, Salha D. Y. Alsaadi, and Areej Hazawi. "Measurement of natural radioactivity in the sediments of the beaches of the north east coast of Libya." مجلة العلوم الاساسية و التطبيقية, no. 14 (August 10, 2022): 38–44. https://doi.org/10.36602/jsba.2022.14.38.

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In this study, we measured radiological hazards associated with beach sediments in the coastal area near the city of Al-Bayda, Libya. Radiation risk was assessed by estimating radium equivalent activity (Req), absorbed dose rate (DR), and annual effective dose rate (AEDR). As well as the external health risks(Hex) of the sediment samples collected. We Studies of naturally emitted gamma rays from the three radionuclides 226Ra, 232Th and 40 K. It was found that the average values of radioactivity were 8.26 Bq/Kg, 5.95 Bq/Kg and 66.1 Bq/Kg, respectively. Gamma ray measurement was performed using

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24

Antovic, Nevenka, Danilo Boskovic, Nikola Svrkota, and Ivanka Antovic. "Radioactivity in soil from Mojkovac, Montenegro, and assessment of radiological and cancer risk." Nuclear Technology and Radiation Protection 27, no. 1 (2012): 57–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ntrp1201057a.

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Soil samples from Mojkovac, Montenegro, were analyzed by standard gamma-spectrometry for radioactivity due to 226Ra, 232Th, 40K, and 137Cs. Average activity concentrations have been found to be 28.6, 43.1, 620.8, and 55 Bq/kg, respectively. In order to evaluate the radiation hazard, radium equivalent activity, absorbed dose rate, annual effective dose, external and internal hazard indexes, and the annual gonadal dose equivalent were determined and found to be at an average of 133.79 Bq/kg, 65.18 nGy/h, 79.93 mSv/y, 0.37, 0.45, and 0.46 mSv/y, respectively. With life expectancy taken to be 70 y

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25

Akkurt, I., and K. Günoğlu. "Natural Radioactivity Measurements and Radiation Dose Estimation in Some Sedimentary Rock Samples in Turkey." Science and Technology of Nuclear Installations 2014 (2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/950978.

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The natural radioactivity existed since creation of the universe due to the long life time of some radionuclides. This natural radioactivity is caused byγ-radiation originating from the uranium and thorium series and40K. In this study, the gamma radiation has been measured to determine natural radioactivity of238U,232Th, and40K in collected sedimentary rock samples in different places of Turkey. The measurements have been performed usingγ-ray spectrometer containing NaI(Tl) detector and multichannel analyser (MCA). Absorbed dose rate (D), annual effective dose (AED), radium equivalent activiti

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26

Amusat, T. A., P. S. Ayanlola, G. A. Isola, et al. "Natural Radioactivity and Associated Dose Rates of 238U, 232Th and 40K Radionuclides in Hand-dug Well Water of Major Mining Sites in Oke-Ogun area, Oyo State, Nigeria." Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management 29, no. 6 (2025): 1975–82. https://doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v29i6.29.

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The objective of this paper is to measure the natural radioactivity and associated dose rates of 238U, 232Th and 40K radionuclides in hand-dug well water from mining sites in Oke-Ogun area, Oyo State, Nigeria using sodium iodide detector. The mean activity concentrations of 238U, 232Th and 40K, ranged from 5.21 ± 0.01 to 88.01 ± 1.10 Bq/L with a mean of 24.56 ± 1.28 Bq/L, 13.35 ± 0.28 to 290.12 ± 1.31 Bq/L with a mean of 101.88 ± 1.02 Bq/L, 4.52 ± 1.15 to 79.13 ± 2.01 Bq/L with a mean of 102.31 ± 1.23 Bq/L respectively. The mean values of the radium equivalent activity ranged from 21.34 Bq/L t

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27

Thumvijit, Tarika, Siriprapa Somboon, Monruedee Tapanya, et al. "Assessment of annual effective doses from indoor radon and thoron in Doi Lo, Chiang Mai, Thailand." Radiation Protection Dosimetry 200, no. 16-18 (2024): 1715–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncae130.

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Abstract This study aimed to determine the annual effective dose resulting from radon and thoron progeny inhalation. The levels of radon, thoron, and progeny were assessed in residences situated in the Doi Lo region of Chiang Mai, Thailand. Indoor radon and thoron concentrations were detected using passive discriminative detectors. Using a progeny deposition rate detector, this study evaluates radon and thoron progeny [equilibrium-equivalent radon concentration (EERC) for radon and equilibrium-equivalent thoron concentration (EETC) for thoron]. Data were collected from 44 dwellings between Mar

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28

Abdullah, Maharan Gafer, and Emran Eisa Saleh. "Assessment of natural and anthropogenic radioactivity levels and their radiological hazards in surface soil samples around oil refinery, Little Aden City, Yemen." University of Aden Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences 27, no. 2 (2023): 323–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.47372/uajnas.2023.n2.a13.

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The activity concentration of global fallout of 137Cs and naturally- occurring radioactive materials (NORM), which primarily due to the geological and geographical condition of soil. and maybe occur from oil and gas burring processes and consequently accumulate on surface soil around the oil refinery in Aden Assoghra city, Yemen were studied by use the gamma-ray spectrometer equipped with a high purity germanium (HPGe) detector and specially designed shield. The average concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K expressed in (Bq kg−1) of the studied samples were (13 ± 0.44) Bq kg−1, (22.1 ± 0.64)

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Karakaya, Muazzez Çelik, Mahmut Doğru, Necati Karakaya, Hasibe Cingilli Vural, Fatih Kuluöztürk, and Sultan Şahin Bal. "Radioactivity concentrations and dose assessments of therapeutic peloids from some Turkish spas." Clay Minerals 50, no. 2 (2015): 221–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/claymin.2015.050.2.06.

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AbstractThe activity concentrations of natural radionuclides in peloids were studied to assess the radiologic hazard from 18 Turkish spas. The peloids are mainly used for therapeutic treatments, rheumatic diseases and aesthetic purposes. The concentrations of the natural radionuclides 226Ra, 232Th, 40K and 137Cs were determined with a gamma ray spectrometer using a HPGe detector. The average activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, 40K, and 137Cs in the peloids studied were 110.69, 71.52, 576.48 and 0.447 Bq/kg, respectively. The radium equivalent activities in the peloid samples ranged from 6

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30

Ijabor, B. O., A. O. Nwabuoku, A. F. Ozakpor, et al. "ASSESSMENT OF INDOOR AND OUTDOOR RADIATION DOSE LEVELS IN DELTA STATE POLYTECHNIC, OGWASHI-UKU, DELTA STATE, NIGERIA." Open Journal of Physical Science (ISSN: 2734-2123) 3, no. 2 (2022): 35–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.52417/ojps.v3i2.431.

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This study assessed the indoor and outdoor radiation dose levels of twelve (12) laboratories of Delta State Polytechnic, Ogwashi-Uku using a handheld inspector survey meter and estimation revealed that the average BIR, average annual equivalent dose rate (EDR), average annual absorbed dose rate (ADR), average annual effective dose equivalent (AEDE), average excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) is 0.0116 mR/hr, 0.9733 mSv/yr, 100.69 nGy/hr, 0.4940 mSv/yr and 1.755. Dose to organs showed that the testes received the highest dose, while the liver received the lowest dose indoors and outdoors respec

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31

Pervin, Shikha, Md Jafor Dewan, Ashif Mahamud Apon, MM Mahfuz Siraz, and Selina Yeasmin. "Measurement of natural radioactivity and its health hazards associated with the use of different branded cement samples collected from different manufactures in Dhaka city using gamma spectrometry." Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences 45, no. 1 (2021): 95–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbas.v45i1.54433.

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The radioactivity of naturally occurring radionuclides 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K was determined in thirteen cement samples collected from different manufactures of Dhaka city. The measurement was performed by gammaray spectrometry system using high purity germanium (HPGe) detector. The average activity of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K in cement samples are fon und to be 30.23±15.04 Bqkg-1, 20.10±11.76 Bqkg-1 and 145.27±24.14 Bqkg-1, respectively. The average values of radium equivalent activity (Raeq), absorbed dose rates (D), internal hazard and external hazard index (Hex), and annual effective dose equi

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32

Abbas, H. H., Shaymaa A. Kadhim, Shatha F. Alhous, H. H. Hussein, F. A. AL-Temimei, and H. A. A. Mraity. "Radiation Risk Among Children due to Natural Radioactivity in Breakfast Cereals." Nature Environment and Pollution Technology 22, no. 1 (2023): 527–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.46488/nept.2023.v22i01.053.

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Breakfast cereal is one of the common foods for children’s nutrition. It is made from sugar, barley, calcium carbonate, salt, maize, peanuts, molasses, and honey. Therefore, assessing the levels of radioactivity in breakfast cereal is essential for children’s health. Gamma-ray spectrometry NaI(Tl) was used to measure the radiation hazard in ten samples collected from the Iraqi market. The corresponding radiation dose quantities and hazard indices were also calculated. The average concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K were found to be 18.195, 20.965, and 796.500 (Bq.kg-1). The annual effectiv

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33

AS-Subaihi, Fuad Abdo, Tahir Abdullah Abdulgabar Salem, and Mahmood Issa Ahmed. "ASSESSMENT OF NATURAL RADIOACTIVITY LEVEL AND ASSOCIATED RADIOLOGICAL HAZARDS IN MARINE SEDIMENT SAMPLES COLLECTED FROM ABYAN BEACH, GULF OF ADEN, YEMEN." Electronic Journal of University of Aden for Basic and Applied Sciences 4, no. 1 (2023): 18–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.47372/ejua-ba.2023.1.217.

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Twenty three marine sediment samples taken from the side beach from the Abyan beach, Aden Gulf, Yemen to measuring the activity concentration of terrestrial radionuclides radium-226, thorium-232 and potassium-40 and its associated hazard indices using gamma spectrometer with High-Purity Germanium HPGe detector. The average activity concentration of natural radionuclides 226Ra, 232Th and 40k in marine sediments samples under investigation were 16.25± 0.63Bqkg-1, for Ra-226, 23.80± 1.46Bqkg-1 for Th-232 and 518.54±44.61Bqkg-1 for K-40 respectively. The radiation hazard indices which resulting fr

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34

Alemayehu, Tadesse Guangul, Getahun Gebre Bogale, and Getaw Walle Bazie. "Occupational radiation exposure dose and associated factors among radiology personnel in Eastern Amhara, Ethiopia." PLOS ONE 18, no. 5 (2023): e0286400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0286400.

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Background Ionizing radiation is being used more frequently in medicine, which has been linked to recognized biological effects such as cancer and mortality. Radiology services are becoming more widely available in Ethiopian health facilities but there is no compiled record of worker’s radiation dose. So, assessing the magnitude and identifying the associated factors of occupational radiation exposure dose among radiology personnel help to design strategies for radiation protection. Objective The study was designed to assess the occupational radiation exposure dose and associated factors among

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35

Rahman, Saeed, and Muhammad Rafique. "232Th, 226Ra, and 40K activities and associated radiological hazards in building materials of Islamabad capital territory, Pakistan." Nuclear Technology and Radiation Protection 27, no. 4 (2012): 392–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ntrp1204392r.

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Radioactivity levels in building materials, collected from the Islamabad capital territory have been determined by using a gamma spectrometric technique. Measured specific activities of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K in material samples ranged from 8 ? 1 to 116 ? 6 Bq/kg, 9 ? 1 to 152 ? ? 5 Bq/kg, and 29 ? 6 to 974 ? 23 Bq/kg, respectively. The radium equivalent activity, absorbed dose rate, annual effective dose, and gamma index were evaluated from the measured amounts of radioactivity to assess the radiation hazard associated with the studied building materials. The mean radium equivalent activity, t

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36

Ramzaev, V. P., A. N. Barkovsky, A. A. Bratilova, A. V. Gromov, and N. V. Titov. "Assessment of annual effective dose from external exposure in forests of the south-western districts of the Bryansk region of Russia: 2015–2021." Radiatsionnaya Gygiena = Radiation Hygiene 15, no. 3 (2022): 58–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.21514/1998-426x-2022-15-3-58-71.

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During a stay in a radioactively contaminated forest, a person is inevitably exposed to ionizing radiation from the man-made radionuclides. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the external component of the annual effective dose due to exposure in the forests contaminated following the Chernobyl accident. The study was conducted in the south-western districts of the Bryansk region of Russia in the period 2015–2021. Field (in situ) gamma spectrometric measurements were carried out on 46 forest plots located in the areas of 27 settlements. As of 01.01.2017, the officially established values

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37

Omeje, M., C. Chijuo, I. F. Okafor, et al. "Measurements of Terrestrial Gamma Dose Rate Distributions along Idiroko Road, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria: Health Implications on Roadside Dwellers." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1178, no. 1 (2023): 012031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1178/1/012031.

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Abstract An extensive study concerning the terrestrial gamma dose rates of the surface soils from Canaanland entrance Road, Ota to Eleha Complex along Idiroko Road, Ota has been carried out to cover the road running across both areas. The In-situ measurements of gamma dose rates and radionuclides were carried out using the Gamma detector (Super Spec RS 125). The result shows that the average outdoor gamma dose rate in the study area is 73.57 nGyh−1. The average values of the radionuclides obtained were 32.9 Bq/kg for 238U, 68.4 Bq/kg for 232Th, and 328.7 Bq/kg for 40K. The background dose rate

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38

A. H, El-Afandy, Mohamed G. El-Feky, Samia H. Taha, et al. "Radioactivity and Environmental Impacts of Granites from Um Ara, Southeastern Desert, Egypt." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2305, no. 1 (2022): 012033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2305/1/012033.

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Abstract Granites from the Southeastern Desert of Egypt were investigated by using in situ γ-ray spectrometer. Consequently, estimating the radiological effects from these rocks were achieved through calculation of some radiological parameters; Annual effective dose equivalent AEDE, Internal hazard index Hin, External hazard index Hex, Alpha activity index Iα, Excess lifetime cancer risk, ELCR, Annual gonadal dose equivalent AGDE, Gamma activity concentration index Iγ and Radium equivalent activity Raeq. The geological nature of the region under investigation was affected by the radioactivity

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39

Erdemir, Rabiye Uslu, Mohamed Mahmoud Abuzaid, Baris Cavli, Huseyin Ozan Tekin, and Wiam Elshami. "Assessment of extremity dose for medical staff involved in positron emission tomography/computed tomography imaging: Retrospective study." Medicine 102, no. 43 (2023): e35501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000035501.

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There has been an increase in positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) imaging procedures, and medical workers involved in PET/CT are at increased risk of occupational exposure. Data on extremity dose exposure are limited globally. The current study aimed to evaluate the occupational radiation dose for extremities for medical workers (nurses, radiographers/radiologic technologists, and nuclear medicine physicians) working in PET/CT scanners at 5 large hospitals in Turkey. Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and Thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD) ring dosimeters were used

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40

Jindal, Manoj Kumar, and Santosh Kumar Sar. "Impact of lockdown during COVID-19 pandemic on annual effective dose equivalent values of natural gamma radiation." Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 326, no. 3 (2020): 1901–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10967-020-07432-x.

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41

Dr., Ahmed A. Bekair, and Ashraf A. El-Shennawy Dr. "Radiometric Assay of Hazard Indices in Egyptian Phosphate Profile and Phosphoric Acid Due to Natural Radioactivity." International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology 7, no. 10 (2022): 16–25. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7184142.

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Radionuclide concentrations in phosphate sediments have always been higher than normal. Using a gamma ray spectrometer's Multi-Channel Analyzer (MCA), radionuclides from phosphate ore are redistributed throughout the environment through the production and enrichment of phosphogypsum and phosphatic acid. Dose evaluation and radiological effects were measured in each of the Nile Valley's sedimentary phosphate ores, domestic phosphoric acid, and insoluble calcium sulfate wastes precipitated during the primary raw materials for the production of phosphatic fertilizers have always been phos

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42

GÜMBÜR, Serdar, and Erdal KÜÇÜKÖNDER. "DIRECT MEASUREMENT OF GAMMA DOSE RATE ON THE FAULT LINE, CALCULATION OF ANNUAL EFFECTIVE DOSE EQUIVALENT, AND EXCESSIVE LIFETIME CANCER RISK." Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 26, no. 4 (2023): 834–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.17780/ksujes.1291478.

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Bu çalışmada amaç, Kahramanmaraş il sınırları içerisinden geçen Doğu Anadolu Fayının segmenti olan Gölbaşı-Türkoğlu üzerinde gama radyasyon doz hızını belirlemektir. İlaveten, söz konusu fay segmenti civarında yaşayan yekişkin insanlar için yıllık efektif doz eşdeğeri (YEDE) ve yaşam boyu kanser riski (YBKR) değerlerini hesaplamaktır. Bu amaçlar doğrultusunda, fay segmenti üzerinde ölçüm alınacak lokasyonlar belirlenmiştir. Bu lokasyonların dış mekanlarında taşınabilir cihaz olan ASP2e kullanılarak direkt gama doz hızı ölçümleri yapılmıştır. Ölçülen gama doz hızı değerlerinin ortalaması 93,64

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43

Onjefu., S. A., N. P. Wilika, M. Hitila, et al. "Determination of Natural Radioactivity in Nuts and Seeds and their Radiological Implications in the Human Body." Nig Annals of Pure & Appl Sci 5, no. 1 (2022): 209–16. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7135151.

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<strong>ABSTRACT</strong> Naturally occurring radionuclides in nuts and seeds commonly consumed in Windhoek, Namibia were examined.  This was done by measuring the activity concentrations of 40K, 226Ra and 232Th in these nuts and seeds resulting in the determination of their associated radiological hazards. Ten samples of nuts and seeds of different species were purchased from shop outlets around Windhoek and a gamma ray spectrometer was used to determine their activity levels. The average activity concentration of the radionuclides 40K and 226Ra were found to be 101.295.55 Bq/kg and 0.80

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44

Szerbin, P., Gy Köteles, and D. Stúr. "Radon Concentrations in Rudas Thermal Bath, Budapest." Radiation Protection Dosimetry 56, no. 1-4 (1994): 319–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a082479.

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Abstract Workers and visitors in thermal spas are exposed to radiation from radon and short-lived daughters. Radon concentrations in the premises of a thermal bath in Budapest were investigated; high radon concentrations (up to 7.15 kBq.m-3) were found in some rooms. Bronchial dose and effective dose equivalent values were estimated for the staff and the visitors. In some cases the effective dose was about or in excess of 20 mSv annual limit for the workers. Doses for the visitors were about 4 mSv per year, but exposure of the public from radon is still outside the scope of the system of dose

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45

Song, Gang, Min Xing Lu, Qiu Ping Zhu, Di Yun Chen, and Yong Heng Chen. "Natural Radioactivity of Topsoil in Two Granite Areas of Guangzhou, South China." Advanced Materials Research 955-959 (June 2014): 3691–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.955-959.3691.

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The natural radionuclide (238U, 226Ra, 232Th and 40K) concentrations in 152 soil samples were determined from two major granite areas in Guangzhou, using high resolution γ-ray spectroscopic system based on the characteristic spectral peaks. The mean activity values for 238U, 226Ra, 232Th and 40K were found to be 156.6±98.8, 160.9±96.5, 184.8±101.5 and 832.5±493.1 Bq kg–1 dry mass, respectively. The absorbed dose rate (D) calculated from activity concentration of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K ranged from 53.2 to 497.1 nGy h–1 with a mean of 220.7 nGy h–1. The Radium equivalent activity (Raeq), the outdo

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46

Oktamuliani, Sri, and Nurul Khaira Sabila. "Estimation of the excess of lifetime cancer risk in Solok Selatan." E3S Web of Conferences 464 (2023): 11003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202346411003.

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This study aimed to minimize radiation risk in Solok Selatan by analyzing active concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K, calculating excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) from annual effective dose equivalent (AEDE). Soil samples from seven sites in the Solok Selatan, 0 – 5 cm deep, were tested with a high-purity germanium (HPGe) detector. 232Th concentrations exceeded the established global standard of 30 Bq/kg. In addition, the study included the determination of Radium Equivalent (Raeq), absorbed gamma dose rate (D), AEDE, and ELCR. Annual effective dose ranged from 68.33 to 19.92 μSv/y, belo

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47

R. Al-Ani, Rana, and Sahar A. Amin. "Gamma activity in Tigris river water and Rustumai wastewater treatment plant." International Journal of Physical Research 8, no. 1 (2020): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijpr.v8i1.30803.

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The activity level of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K radionuclides at selected locations of Tigris River and Rustumai water treatment plant (before and after treatment) has been determined by using NaI(Tl) gamma spectrometry. The results show that the total average activity values were 44.3Bq kg−1 and 789.6Bq kg−1 for 226Raand 40K, respectively. These values are higher than the world recommended values given by UNSCEAR, while the total activity concentration of 232Th was within the world recommended value of 30 Bq.kg-1. Radiological hazard indices such as: radium equivalent activity in Bq.kg−1, annual e

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48

Arıman, Sema, and Hasan Gümüş. "Radioactivity levels and health risks due to radionuclides in the soil and sediment of mid-Black Sea: Kızılırmak Deltas-Turkey." Radiochimica Acta 106, no. 11 (2018): 927–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ract-2017-2896.

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Abstract Artificial and natural radionuclide pollutants of the marine environment have been recognized as a serious environmental concern. In this study, the activity concentrations of terrestrial and anthropogenic radionuclides in the soil and sediment samples collected from Bafra Kızılırmak Delta were measured by using gamma spectrometry with an NaI (Tl) detector. The average specific of activity concentrations for 238U, 232Th and 40K were found to be 28.59, 17.48 and 150.59 Bq kg−1, respectively. On the other hand, 137Cs was also measured in some samples. 137Cs (t1/2=30.17 years) is a man-m

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49

Joshua, Seth Dembo, Gregory O. Avwiri, and Ezekiel O. Agbalaga. "Measurement of Radionuclides and their Impact on the Environment Around Asphalt Plants in Delta State." RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PURE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 6, no. 2 (2023): 56–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.56201/rjpst.v6.no2.2023.pg56.80.

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Measurement of radionuclides and their impact on the environment around asphalt plants in some selected Asphalt mixing plant within Delta State, Nigeria was carried out. The Background Ionizing Radiation and the GPS of the location was measured using a well calibrated Gamma scout; Geiger counter multi-radiation meter and a GARMIN GPS meter and the result obtained at Raycon, DLA and Neodede Hot Asphalt Mixing Plants for outdoor exposure, shows a total mean value of (0.01492±0.038) (mRh-1), (0.01497±0.037) (mRh-1) and (0.01413±0.014) (mRh-1) respectively. The total mean values obtained in the se

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50

Shayeb, M. Abu, A. Majid, and S. Zobidi. "Distribution of natural radioactivity and radiological hazard using a NaI(Tl) gamma-ray spectrometric system." Journal of Building Physics 40, no. 4 (2016): 324–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1744259116631048.

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Анотація:

The concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K are measured in the material collected from two locations. The collected materials are analyzed using gamma-ray spectrometry. The activity concentration of the naturally occurring radionuclides 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K in building material varies from 12.6 to 121.4, 13.6 to 142, and 69.5 to 620.6 Bq kg−1, respectively. The radium equivalent activity, absorbed dose rate, annual effective dose, and hazard index are also calculated.

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