Дисертації з теми "Approche pédagogique par projet"
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Ait, m'bark Mohamed. "Construction du sentiment d’efficacité personnelle dans les pratiques d’éducation à l’entrepreneuriat : une étude des dispositifs de mini-entreprises dans l'enseignement secondaire français." Thesis, Université de Lille (2018-2021), 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LILUH064.
Within the framework of this doctoral thesis which studies mini-company devices, we are interested in the process of building self-efficacy of students and teachers (Bandura, 2007). It is particularly important to put in perspective the use of a project-based learning (Perrenoud, 2002; Proulx, 2004; Boutinet, 2012) that we observed in these devices, and the construction of an entrepreneurial self-efficacy for students (and particularly the link between entrepreneurship spirit and self-efficacy). Furthermore, we tested the hypothesis that the acquisition of entrepreneurship spirit skills would impact their self-efficacy. In general, in this research work, we have considered the rather strongly shared distinction by researchers of a distinction between “generic and personal skills” (the entrepreneurial spirit) and “specific skills” (Entrepreneurship) (Léger-Jarniou, 2008 ; Surlemont et Kearney, 2009 ; Champy-Remoussenard, 2012 ; Pepin, 2011 ; Frétigné, 2017 ; Champy-Remoussenard et Starck, 2018). About teachers, we were interested in the construction of their self-efficacy, considering the particularities of their pedagogical approach with students (the use of this project-based learning, development of skills related to their experience in entrepreneurship education). We also questioned the extent to which teachers have developed a teacher self-efficacy (Bandura, 2007) which would be a consequence of their involvement in the mini-company devices.In methodological terms, our doctoral research was based on two ground surveys conducted in the educational districts of Lille and Guadeloupe. These ground surveys have made it possible to collect data which correspond mainly to semi-directive interviews realized with pupils and teachers in these two educational districts, and an online survey administered only to teachers of the educational district of Lille
Bougaa, Mohammed. "Une approche basée sur les processus et dirigée par les compétences pour l'éducation en ingenierie des systèmes." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLC050/document.
This thesis surveys the current practices and advancements in SE education. We ended up proposing a novel solution for SE education (an approach with its supporting web-based platform). The proposed approach is based on the recommendations of academic and industrial communities. It is centered around the use of SE standardized processes and at the same time very adaptive, with learning scenarios that can be driven by the acquired or to-be-taught SE competencies. The proposed solution is a web based platform that has been developed to support this novel approach within a distant Project Based Learning (PBL) environment. The solution aims to ease the learning at the same time of fundamental principles and processes of systems engineering, along with communication, team management, collaboration, and related soft skills. On the other hand, educators will be able to better manage their learning scenarios, training resources, and the expected outcomes. Last, educators and students' organizations using this solution will be able to manage and normalize the competencies to be acquired by their future systems engineers at every level
Oudot, Jean. "Contributions vécues à une pédagogie du contrat par la responsabilisation des enseignés des enseignants et de l'institution." Bordeaux 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989BOR21009.
The youth town council in Sedan and the sessions of knowledge of our Europe have proved that young people could be relied on by giving them responsibilities. This aspect of responsabilization exists neither in dogmatic or alternative teaching theories but on the other hand transactional analysis pave the way to contractual teaching methods in which each individual can develop one's powers and abilities and may succeed. The educative action projects E A P offer a different way of considering the act of teaching. The ones with restricted responsibility do not alter the school system at all, but the ones with enlarged responsibility dealing mostly with the educative field generate clashes and crises. The pedagogic side is damaged by the educative one. In that case a contract must be negotiated and therefore we come to the pedagogical project with is the starting point of the school project itself
Quarteroni, Philipppe. "Cognitivité et enseignement assisté par ordinateur : une approche par et pour la gestion de projet." Aix-Marseille 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996AIX30104.
Hoogstoel, Frédéric. "Une approche organisationnelle du travail coopératif assisté par ordinateur : application au projet Co-Learn." Lille 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LIL10155.
Alkhatib, Amna. "Apprendre l’expression orale par le biais du projet pédagogique artistique : enseignement-apprentissage du français langue étrangère en situation de guerre." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MON30022.
This research focuses on the experimentation of a device related to a project-based learning through the mediation of artistic practices of speech. It took place in the French Department at the University of Aleppo, Syria, in order to improve the communicative skills and expression of the subjectivity of the participants. This experiment was conducted in a context which was not only marked by war but also characterized by a less active teaching-learning, that is to say transmissive despite the many educational reforms that have succeeded one another. The analysis of the results of the field surveys confirmed the need to start a project that could meet the needs which were collected and identified by us and expressed by the students. Several questions arose during our research : Was such an approach, in a context of war, feasible? Would this artistic approach allow students to develop oral skills and increase their socio-cultural knowledge of the target culture? Would it finally succeed in motivating students exhausted by the war? If it is worth mentioning that we have carried out four projects in the field, one has been studied in depth, namely « French and Francophonie song in FLE class ». This project involved the realization of various tasks among which the construction of various knowledge in FLE with an active and dynamic approach. It consisted in presenting a singing show in French and producing a project booklet, « singing to travel » to socialize in front of an external public. The results of this experiment show how significant progress was in terms of knowledge, know-how, learning process and social skills of the students. However, it should be noted that the integration of this device a context of war has encountered certain limits and obstacles of material, temporal, educational, technical, security and socio-cultural nature
Ouraiba, El Amine. "Scénarisation pédagogique pour des EIAH ouverts : Une approche dirigée par les modèles et spécifique au domaine métier." Phd thesis, Université du Maine, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00790696.
Martinez-Emin, Valérie. "Modélisation dirigée par les intentions pour la conception, le partage et la réutilisation de scénarios pédagogiques." Grenoble, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010GRENM080.
This thesis fits in the context of multidisciplinary research in Technology Enhanced Learning (TEL) and more particularly in Technology Enhanced Learning Engineering. It concerns more particularly the teacher's activity of designing pedagogical scenarios. The thesis aims to provide secondary school teachers with, models, methods and tools for the design, adaptation, reusing and sharing among designers of scenarios. To this end, this research refers to works on information systems engineering and particularly on goal-oriented requirements engineering, on TEL engineering and on educational research. This research implements a user-centric approach based on various field studies and a co-design approach with practitioners. These approaches have led to propose the ISIS model for the description of pedagogical scenarios and the associated authoring tool ScenEdit. The ISIS goal-oriented model proposes a specific elicitation of the intentional, strategic, tactical and operational dimensions of a scenario. This model relies on the vocabulary and professional processes of a community of teachers, and is positioned upstream of Educational Modeling Languages, it completes their description of scenarios. The environment ScenEdit enables practitioners to graphically design their scenarios making explicit the different dimensions associated with the ISIS model and thereby make the produced scenarios more easily understandable, adaptable and reusable by other teachers. ScenEdit aims at favouring sharing and reuse of practices by providing, for each type of model component, patterns from the literature and / or co-designed with practitioners. The model and the environment have been tested with various groups of practitioners and evaluated from the point of view of utility and usability
Gomez, Cuellar Jésus Roberto. "Le management de la R & D : une approche méthodologique par la gestion de projet." Aix-Marseille 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992AIX30052.
Martin, Hervé. "Contrôle de la cohérence dans les bases objets : une approche par le comportement, projet Aristote." Grenoble 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991GRE10011.
Charrier, Brigitte. "Approche clinique du travail en équipe pédagogique : vers un rapport au savoir d’équipe ? : analyses de réunions concernant trois équipes d’enseignant(e)s de Lettres modernes." Paris 10, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA100002.
In this research, the author is interested in the kind of psychic work that would be accomplished, in, and by, a team of teachers, who teach Literature, on the occasion of their teamwork about objects of common knowledge, by taking as angle of sight the notion of relationship to knowledge. A first part positions the research in a clinical step of psychoanalytical inspiration in sciences of education. A second party introduces of methodological and epistemological considerations to justify a clinical reading of a groupal speech, then the author shows a concrete case of psycholinguistic study. In the third party, is examined the research equipment, collected by recording the meetings of three pedagogic teams. The shapes of links which are established between the teachers are specified. Finally in the last part, is proposed a perspective of the clinical analyses of the speeches. Repercussions in this work are envisaged in terms of a clinical accompaniment of teams of teachers of literature, by suggesting directing the work on the specificity of a relationship to the groupal knowledge
El-Kechai, Hassina. "Conception Collective de scénarios pédagogiques dans un contexte de réingénierie : une approche par la métamodélisation située." Phd thesis, Université du Maine, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00343203.
Ce processus doit pouvoir aider des équipes de conception dont le but est de décrire des situations d'apprentissage qui peuvent être opérationnalisées dans un Environnement Informatique pour l'Apprentissage Humain (EIAH).
Nous considérons le processus de conception des scénarios pédagogiques qui décrivent ces situations d'apprentissage comme une construction impliquant des résolutions de problèmes.
Ces résolutions de problèmes sont plus ou moins bien définies et donnent lieu à des processus plus ou moins planifiés ou opportunistes.
Une des conséquences de ce constat nous a amené à considérer les scénarios et les métamodèles utilisés pour les décrire comme des objets qui parcourent l'activité de conception.
C'est sur cette base que le processus que nous avons défini et instrumenté permet de caractériser un ensemble d'artefacts, qui contribuent à l'élaboration de métamodèles et de scénarios en inscrivant leur conception dans une démarche centrée utilisateurs. Cette démarche se caractérise par le fait qu'elle implique les utilisateurs de ces métamodèles et de ces scénarios dans le processus de conception.
Dubois, Beau Sandrine. "Vers une faisabilité de travail en équipe - projet soutenu par des dispositifs numériques éducatifs : approche info - communicationnelle." Aix-Marseille 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX32076.
Research objective: the current research work aim is to feasibility study of team project work utilizing educational digital devices within the Information Communications Sciences disciplinary field. Relevance and "reliance": the Information Communications Sciences disciplinary field justifies our research: numerous accompanied discussions and observation of usages focused on cooperative / collaborative educational work have been detailed in the Educational Sciences and Information Processing but little information / data is specific to Information Communications Sciences. Work hypothesis based on the concepts of: project management, relevant contract and feeling of self-efficiency (Bandura) ; mental representations / illustrations, anchorage / basis and discourses from experts. Theoretical tools: the comprehensive approach linked to many theories has been mobilized. Methodology: within a three year time spam, we conducted two independent filed studies. The first quantitative descriptive investigation occured within the framework of ORDINA 13. We observed activities, administrated questionnaires and conducted guided interviews: this investigation is comparable to a pre-inquiry matter of opinion. The second qualitative comprehensive investigation took place within an pilot / experimental junion high school equipped with a DWE named P. R. O. V. E. N. C. E. We conducted semi-directive interviews using the saturation methodlogy of the variation scale as weel an analysis of intellectual thematic content. This investigation allowed us to conclude how mental representations / illustrations of different participants met organized the spreech regarding usage of digital devices with an educational objective
Abou, Khaled Omar. "Modélisation par une approche multi-agents d'un copilote électronique." Compiègne, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996COMPD870.
Nazon, Philippe Pierre. "Etude du développement des petits aménagements hydroélectriques par une approche de génie industriel et de gestion de projet." Aix-Marseille 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993AIX30076.
Baruel-Bencherqui, Dominique. "La validation des acquis de l'expérience chez les cadres : une approche par la théorie de l'auto-efficacité." Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010012.
Chaabouni, Mariem. "Assistance à la réutilisation de scénarios d’apprentissage : une approche guidée par l’évaluation du contexte d’usage à base d’indicateurs." Thesis, Le Mans, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LEMA1007/document.
The work presented in this thesis is a part of the Technology Enhanced Learning domain. It focuses on the proposal of processes, methods and tools that assist teachers and trainers in the reuse and the capitalization of educational scenarios. The objective of the proposed approach named CAPtuRe is to model, evaluate and exploit the contextual information related to a scenario based on its effective observations with the aim to enhance reuse. The main concerns are: (1) the expression and the analysis of the usage context, (2) the evaluation of the relevance of the scenario in a specific context, (3) the indexing of the contexts based on criteria of success and effectiveness of the scenario to define its reuse scope and (4) the proactive suggestion of reuse. We started by specifying a global framework for the engineering and the reuse of educational scenarios. In this context, we have defined a process specifying the scenario lifecycle introducing the contextual dimension and its utilization in a "design by reuse" environment. In order to operationalize this process, we define a generic approach to model the contextual information of a scenario that is enriched by the indicators, an indexing method and an algorithm calculating contextual similarities for the selection and the recommendation of appropriated scenarios to a target learning situation. These contributions are implemented as a software platform and applied to hybrid scenarios usage cases
Ferguson, Yann. "Politiser l'action publique : une approche par les instruments : le cas du programme Constellation." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOU20026/document.
Large urban projects have come to play an indispensible part in local development strategies, in the context of competition between areas. Their successful conduct often requires calling into question conventional ways of organizing public action. The Constellation project in Toulouse, including an industrial zone and two eco-neighborhoods, provides an occasion to re-examine local urban knowledge and practices. This process is seen in the tools used deliberately to calm the incertitude caused by departures from traditional ways of building cities. They can include charters, team projects, procedural designations of urbanists and architects, drawing up of quality standards and managing on-site locales. They mobilize new participants and new forms of management. Users of the site accredit them with an ability to transform an urban project’s culture. This doctoral thesis intends to provide an understanding of how participants use these tools in a situation of uncertainty. It shows how action involves four types of mediation: pragmatic, epistemic, interactive, and symbolic. Combinations of these produce four mechanisms for delimiting problems: association and community building, selection and socialization. The whole gives an account of the politicization of action insofar as the tools transform the nature of exchanges, from economic to political ones
Fernandez, Gilles. "Le développement professionnel des enseignants par le travail collectif. : Une approche du projet de formation au numérique responsable en collège." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM3043/document.
For several years, the uses of the new digital technologies have grown up in the social practice. Their command appears as an aim to train the French students’ career. This search proposes both an aid to think of the secondary school teachers’ commitment in the project to attend a session course on the digital technology and also on the public dimension which follows on from and which participates in their professional development. The double analysis that is proposed allows to get declarative and meaningful elements in relation to the actions which are carried out, some specific features linked to the subjects and the variety of ways to run schools. These elements are completed by an observation of groups of teachers communicating about their practice. Our report tries to focus the advantages of the work in groups in the teachers’ professional development and it shows the diversity of resources in schools. It emphasizes that these types of projects have to be guided by well-trained managers who are conscious of the different issues
Parrod, Nicolas. "Analyse d'un processus de coopération entre donneurs d'ordres et sous-traitant au sein d'une chaîne logistique projet : une approche par simulation." Toulouse, ENSAE, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ESAE0011.
Condor, Roland. "La conception de projets dans les petites entreprises : une approche par les conduites d'anticipation." Caen, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002CAEN0601.
Vu, Thi My Hang. "Aider les enseignants pendant la phase d'élaboration du scénario pédagogique par une approche ontologique de la modélisation des connaissances tâches-techniques du domaine considéré." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALM060.
This thesis is in the field of the Learning Sciences with a focus on scripting, i.e., the elaboration of learning scenarios. The objective is to support teachers in reflecting on the different tasks (exercises) of a considered domain, the different techniques and their interrelationships. We propose (1) a process for the semi-automatic elaboration of a task-technique knowledge model as an ontology and (2) interfaces providing teachers with easy access to the knowledge represented in the ontology while preparing a learning scenario. The tests show that these interfaces are useful and usable
Houpert, Sylvain. "Approche inverse pour la résolution de contraintes solaires et visuelles dans le projet architectural et urbain : développement et application du logiciel SVR." Nantes, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NANT2084.
Boucenna, Sephora. "Analyser les activités mentales des conseillers pédagogiques de l'enseignement fondamental en entretien d'accompagnement : une approche par l'entretien de rétrospection." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CNAM0942/document.
In today's world where the speed of social transformation seems to be ever increasing, the educational field is constantly called upon to come up with new ways to meet the new needs that arise. One of its answers has been nothing less than the creation of new professions such as educational counselling, where personal accompanying seems to hold a privileged position.The goal of this research project is to develop an understanding of the activity of accompanying through the prism of the mental processes of educational advisors in accompanying situations, specifically those advisors working in the field of basic education in the French-speaking part of Belgium.A constructivist approach, characterized by the activity paradigm in its materialist sense, coupled with a qualitative approach have led to the creation of an analytical tool - that of mental acts - whose function is to grasp mental activity in its processual dimension. Alongside a tool obtained by operationalizing John Dewey's work on inquiry, this tool aims to understand mental processes at the crossroads of four components: a) linking operations between subject representations, b) the mobilizing intentions of these linking operations, c) the communication format of the subject with himself, and finally d) the temporal construction of his activity.The main results fall into three categories: 1) methodological results culminating the in creation of a data gathering tool (the retrospective interview), a tool for the analysis of mental processes (mentioned above), and the operationalization of John Dewey's notion of inquiry as a tool for analysing investigative activity; 2) results relating to the mental processes of educational advisors in accompanying situations along with the identification of the specific configuration of mental acts that accompany certain actions undertaken by the advisors; 3) results in the form of pedagogical advice that follows from a shift in posture from that of researcher to that of trainer, one that allows for the identification of uncertainty management, structurally established by the educational advisors, as the guiding principle of their accompanying activity
Bourdelais, Kaçandre. "L'ordinateur XO et son utilisation pédagogique envisagée par des décideurs pédagogiques du Projet pilote pour l'amélioration de la qualité de l'éducation de base du Ministère de l'éducation de base du Cameroun." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25234.
The Ministry of Basic Education (MINEDUB) of Cameroon has developed a project to improve the basic education quality (PAQUEB) which includes a component of computer equipment in targeted schools. The XO laptop, designed by the One Laptop per Child Foundation, was chosen to be the primary device for students and teachers. To ensure the project’s success, a team from the MINEDUB, composed by educational policy makers, has been assigned to act as trainers and guides. Starting with the assumption that during these training sessions they were to share how they intend to use the XO laptop, this paper presents a discourse analysis of these educational policymakers. From the interaction patterns and themes that emerged from the discourses, we are able to sketch innovative educational situations where children are encouraged to produce artifacts, where teachers become guides and where local problems serve as starting points for learning. Keywords : XO laptop, educational policymakers, discourse, educational situation, interaction patterns.
Thai, Le Vinh. "Modèles et outils pour favoriser l’articulation entre la généricité d’un assistant intelligent et les spécificités de son usage en EIAH." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE1096/document.
This thesis in computer science take place in the ILE domain (Interactive Learning Environment) and was realized within the AGATE project (an Approach for Genericity in Assistance To complEx tasks) that aims at proposing generic models and unified tools to make possible the setup of assistance systems in various existing applications. In this project, an assistance editor allows assistance designers to define assistance systems and a generic assistance engine executes these assistance systems on the various target-applications without disturbing them to help final users. These assistance systems are defined by the assistance rules that respect the aLDEAS language. In the educational context, teachers can want to set up assistance system to complete the pedagogical or non-pedagogical software used by learners. Pedagogical engineers therefore have the role of assistance designers and learners are end-users of such assisted applications. Our PhD thesis address the following research question: “How to set up an epiphytic assistance system in the educational context by adopting a generic approach?” In order to answer this research question, we realized this thesis in two steps: first, the study of existing assistances within applications used in the educational context, then the exploitation and enrichment of models and tools of the AGATE project to adapt them to the educational context. In the first step, we studied the applications used by teachers in their courses as well as existing works proposing assistance system. We identified the characteristics of assistance, and classified them by the way they propose the technical assistance (use, handling of applications) and the pedagogical assistance (pedagogical feedback, pedagogical guidance) as well as different modes to sequence assistance elements in the educational context. In the second step, we confronted the models and tools proposed previously in the AGATE project to the characteristics of the assistance identified in educational context. The limitations of the previous models and tools led us to propose two contributions to the aLDEAS language and the SEPIA system in order to adapt them to the educational context. The first limitation relates to the complex definition of various assistance systems in terms of sequence of assistance elements. Whether in an educational context or not, it is important to be able to define easily and explicitly several modes of articulation between the different elements of an assistance system. We therefore proposed a model of articulation between aLDEAS rules in five modes: successive, interactive, simultaneous, progressive, independent. We associated this model with a process of automatic application of constraints of the articulation modes to the rules. This process makes it possible to automatically generate and / or modify the aLDEAS rules by making sure that they are always compatible with the execution of SEPIA assistance engine. This model and this process have been implemented in SEPIA-edu. The second limitation is specific to the educational context. It concerns the complex definition of a pedagogical guidance proposing different learning activities within an existing application. We first proposed an activity model to delimit activities within applications. Then, a pedagogical guidance model allows to define different types of pedagogical guidance (free, sequential, contextualized, temporal, personalized). A pedagogical guidance pattern was proposed to define a composed pedagogical guidance which can combine several types of pedagogical guidance. Finally, a process of the transformation of a pedagogical guidance into aLDEAS rules allows to automatically generate and modify aLDEAS rules. This model of activity, this pedagogical guidance pattern and this process have been implemented in SEPIA-edu
Coquil, Xavier. "Transition des systèmes de polyculture élevage laitiers vers l'autonomie. Une approche par le développement des mondes professionnels." Thesis, Paris, AgroParisTech, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AGPT0005/document.
Agricultural and environmental qualities of autonomous mixed-crop systems are now recognized by research and public policies: their lower consumption of inputs (fertilizers, pesticides, mechanization...), and their recycling of materials between crops and livestock allow these systems to remain productive while minimizing impacts on the environment. However, their public remains confidential: the path of the reduction or abandonment of inputs requires deep changes in ways of working for the farmer. Our research aims to formalize transition from mixed-crop systems mobilizing inputs to autonomy. We analyze how the farmer work and make his work evolve during the transition. We analyze work activity of (i) farmers in 9 mixed-crop dairy farms from the Sustainable Agriculture Network, and of (ii) experimenters of an experimental mixed-crop dairy farm in INRA ASTER-Mirecourt. We mobilize the concept of professional world as an analyzer of the work activity of the farmer and thus we access to a systemic formalization of activity considering the actions, knowledge and tools of the farmer but also the objects on which he acts, the professional standards to which he refers and his values. Thus, we formalize the development of professional worlds according to a non-teleological process, a no-linear and non-incremental development of farmers' experiences rooted in their history and culture. Creativity of farmers in the action has a place in the development of this experience. Instrumental genesis, that is to say, the movement of the action or of the professional standards of the farmer by the use of an artifact, are resources and stimulators of the development: 30 key artifacts (material tools, cognitive tools...) allow farmers to act on animals, crops, economics, employment, balance of matter, forages, equipment, observations, potential, productivity, socio-professional networks, work and sales during the transition to mixed-crop farming. This development is partly autonomous, ie linked to dynamics internal to professional world, and partly social, ie mobilizing professional standards and artifacts of professional networks of the farmer. Analysis of professional worlds of autonomous mixed-crop farmers reveals original management of crops, animals and even of crop/livestock interactions. This analysis also reveals various work organizations in farms and various wishes of farmers concerning the future. Thus, we describe the singularities of professional worlds in these autonomous systems and we formalize a range of pragmatic concepts, instruments and indicators of management used by autonomous farmers. In the field of ergonomics, this work provides an analytical perspective on the development of professional worlds. In the field of systemic agronomy, it suggests (i) taking into account action’s creativity in the representations of farmers’ action, (ii) a formalization of the acquisition of experience including situations of paradigm shift or the farmer and (iii) a formalization of specific resources of the transition to empower farmers’ development. From an operational point of view, this work suggests exploring ways (i) to extend the public of autonomous mixed-crop farming systems and (ii)!to companion farmers toward autonomous farming, specifying the role of the experimental station of INRA ASTER-Mirecourt.!
El, Bouazzaoui Ibtissam. "L'EMPREINTE ECOLOGIQUE : Proposition d'un modèle synthétique de représentation des empreintes à l'échelle " Micro " d'une organisation ou d'un projet." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00776465.
Espinosa, Natacha. "Conception d'un dispositif d'évaluation de la compréhension de textes par des élèves du cycle 3. Une approche linguistique. Le projet LECoLe [Logiciel d'Evaluation de la Compréhension en Lecture]." Thesis, Paris 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA030165.
The present research deals with the assessment of the comprehension of short narrative written texts by 8 to 11 year old pupils and endeavours to analyse linguistic indicators which can be identified in their written answers to questions after silent reading of those texts. The context is one of anxiety over reading comprehension difficulties of pupils entering 6th grade and also of the integration of new information technologies in school practices. This research argues for a linguistic approach of written language acquisition applied to the assessment of reading comprehension. In this context an assessment device is proposed both on paper and on computer, including two short narrative texts as well as comprehension questions about those texts. The texts were analysed to identify linguistic complexity indicators which helped analysing the written data collected from three classes. Overall, the results enabled us to identify linguistic comprehension indicators as well as ways of formulating answers by which the pupils showed what they understood and the ways they used the texts to answer the questions. A close longitudinal study of three pupils’ answers enable us to propose a linguistic method for assessing text comprehension. This work invites reflection on a linguistic conception of comprehension assessment and offers a modest contribution to understanding the role Computer resources may play in formative evaluation. Key-words : reading comprehension, formative evaluation, linguistic comprehension indicators, software, teaching and learning of reading, 8 to 11 year old pupils
Belhadj, Mohammed. "L’enseignement du français en Algérie ˸ intérêt pédagogique d’un corpus multiculturel de contes." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019USPCA016.
This research focuses on the use of storytelling in the field of teaching foreign languages. It is based on the analysis of a sample of stories from Algerian and French origins to demonstrate the pedagogical potential of this literary form.The analysis of our corpus has made it possible, to highlight the various storytelling operations in the area of language teaching.In fact, because of its cultural content, this literary type represents an excellent mediator to introduce students to the culture-target. We explained that storytelling was perfectly suited to help students become aware of the intertextual and intercultural dimensions of literary work. By appropriating these two concepts, learners build an essential literary culture to develop their skills in the reading and writing fields. Storytelling allows also to offer fruitful exercises in the reading and writing domains, as well as the linguistics aspects. The educational experience, conducted among a college students audience in Algeria, was an opportunity to validate our hypothesis on the usefulness of tales in the field of foreign languages teaching. Indeed, the establishment of our educational system, based on the exploitation of a series of tales, has led students to realize the value of enhancing their culture in the scripture domain.The intertextual and intercultural analysis of the tales proposed by the students in the macro-task of the post-test indicates their resumption of the grounds that are characteristic of the Arabic and European ones. Moreover, we found that students had improved the structural quality of their texts. Indeed, the formal analysis of their writings led to the conclusion that the majority of learners had produced stories that satisfied the rules of textual coherence.This result indicates that storytelling is an appropriate way to lead students to produce coherent texts. Furthermore, the macro-task has also been an efficient way to verify the evolution of their language skills.More specifically, the observation of their writings indicates that they have made progress in the lexical and morphological domains. On the other hand, students need more coaching, for all what is related to syntax, to control this aspect of the target language
هذا البحث يتناول موضوع استعمال الحكايات في مجال تعليم اللغات الأجنبية. يستند هذا العمل على تحليل مجموعة من الحكايات تنتمي إلى الثقافتين الجزائرية و الفرنسية من أجل إيضاح مختلف الاستعمالات للحكاية في مجال تعليم اللغات الأجنبية. هذا النوع الأدبي يعد وسيلة ممتازة لتنمية معارف التلميذ فيما يتعلق بالثقافة الأجنبية. لقد شرحنا أن الحكاية مناسبة لتوعيته حول البعد التناصيّ و المتعدد الثقافات للنص الأدبي. بإدراكه لهاتين النقطتين، يُكوّن التلميذ ثقافة أدبية أساسية من أجل تنمية كفاءته في مجاليّ القراءة و الكتابة. الحكاية تسمح أيضا باقتراح تمارين خصبة تتعلق بمجالات القراءة، الكتابة و قواعد اللغة.التجربة البيداغوجية التي قمنا بها مع مجموعة من تلاميذ الطور الإكمالي، كانت فرصة لإثبات فرضيتنا حول فائدة الحكايات في مجال تعليم اللغات الأجنبية . استعمال نظام بيداغوجي يستند على مجموعة من القصص قاد التلاميذ لإدراك أهمية استغلال ثقافتهم في مجال الكتابة.التحليل التناصي و المتعدد الثقافات للحكايات المقترحة من طرف التلاميذ في التمرين النهائي يبرز اعادتهم لمقاطع أدبية تنتمي لحكايات غربية و أوروبية. لاحظنا أيضا أنّ التلاميذ اقترحوا حكايات تلتزم بقواعد الترابط النصي. هذه النتيجة تبيّن أنّ الحكاية هي جنس أدبي يناسب لقيادة التلاميذ نحو كتابة نصوص مترابطة. كما أنّ التمرين النهائي كان وسيلة لفحص تطور الكفاءة اللغوية عند التلاميذ الذين قاموا بتطوير مهاراتهم في مجالي اللغة و القواعد. لكن فيما يتعلق بمجال النحو، لقد لاحظنا أنّهم يحتاجون للمزيد من المرافقة حتى يتقنون هذا المجال اللغوي
Bissou, William II Paulin. "Approche par les instruments de l’action publique au Cameroun : le cas de la planification urbaine des villes de Douala et Yaoundé." Thesis, Reims, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021REIMD003.
This Phd thesis focuses on public policy instruments for urban planning in the cities of Douala and Yaoundé. It is part of the dynamics of political research in Africa. It questions the trajectory of the state through its deployment in a concrete area of public policy, which is urban planning.Two geographical locations were mobilized to carry out this study, namely Douala the economic capital of the country and Yaounde the political capital.46 interviews, the collection of archival and working documents, as well as the non-participant observation were used to build an analysis of the political sociology based on the relations between the rulers and the ruled. The main results of the study concern a form of reappropriation of public action instruments and a contextualization of urban planning based on the specific realities of each territory. The development of public policy instruments as well as their mobilization within the framework of planning evolves according to the nature of the state. This instrument-based approach provides a comprehensive view of the urban planning sector and the development policies developed by Cameroon from the colonial era till date. This urban planning policy, which emerges in the colonial context, is primarily a territorial before becoming sectored policy with the establishment of the FIDES plans. The post-independent state will inherit this sector orientation. Faced with recurrent difficulties and considering the contemporary challenges of urban governance, the trend is now towards a (re) territorialization of this public action
Pacurar, Ecaterina. "NetUniversité, une plate-forme basée sur IMS LD, pour la conception de cours en ligne dans le cadre du projet CEPIAH (Conception et Evaluation des Polycopiés Interactifs pour l'Apprentissage Humain)." Compiègne, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005COMP1582.
Our work is a contribution to the research activity on the Software Environments for the Human Learning. Ln this general context we are interested particularly on the software environments of support to the design and the evaluation of online courses. Our assumption is that an environment that integrates tools for the design and the management of courses helps the teachers (or creators of learning course) on the one band, to reflect more on their practices of teaching and, on the other band, to adapt their methods in a context of remote formation. Ln the first part of our work, we conceived a method of support to the design and the evaluation of interactive courses. Then, in order to help the teachers not having competences in web development to conceive and to develop their online course, we created an authoring web environment, named netUniversité, composed mainly of three parts: a generator of course structures, a course editor and a component used to administrate the courses and the participants registered with these courses. The system uses the IMS Learning Design standard to represent the pedagogical flow of the courses. After a first validation, the results obtained are rather promising, because aIl the teachers appreciated the utilisation of netUniversité, considering that it is easily accessible even for those inexperienced or reserved in using this type of tools
Daspet, Vanessa. "Lire et écrire avec des outils informatiques : le tissage d'un projet de compensation pour des adolescents dyslexiques." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2113/document.
Since the act of February 11, 2005 on equal rights and opportunities and the inclusion and citizenship of the disabled was passed, French schools have embarked on the path of the inclusion of pupils with disabilities. To respond to the need of making learning accessible to these pupils, the French Education system does finance some appropriate educational learning materials. More precisely, the opportunity for dyslexic pupils to avoid or overcome the difficulties with written language thanks to new technologies opens up new prospects for learning and teaching but also raises concerns.At the very core of this thesis lies the study I have carried out on the effectiveness of those compensatory tools given to dyslexic and dysorthographic pupils in secondary education depending on the way they use these tools and become familiar with them. Two different approaches have been used, one being experimental including reading and writing tests and the other one being comprehensive combining questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. Both have permitted to identify the phenomena and the issues related to those pupils’ use of computer tools when they learn how to read and write in a mainstream class. By analysing and crossing data, I have tried to describe the personal and environmental factors which lead to the successful completion of the compensatory project and to identify the barriers but also the facilitators leading to a more effective use of these technological tools.Examining the complexity of the processes and the interactions involved in a compensatory project not only helps to identify key leverage actions to enhance the effectiveness of the use of computer tools but also permits to define priority axes to create an inclusive learning environment that is most likely to support this usage
Lachhab, Majda. "Proposition d'un outil d'aide à la décision multicritère sous incertitudes à base de colonies de fourmis : une approche intégrée appliquée à la gestion des risques dans les projets d'ingénierie système." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018INPT0141/document.
In this thesis, we propose a multi-criteria decision making tool that allows decision-makers to select an optimal scenario in a project graph that includes all the alternative choices of a new system’s conception and realization, while taking into account the risks inherent to these choices. The model of the graph is constructed by considering all the collaborative decisions of the different actors involved in the project. This decision making tool is based mainly on the techniques of combinatorial optimization. Indeed, we have decided to work with the metaheuristic ACO (Ant Colony Optimization algorithm) for its ability to provide optimal solutions in a reasonable amount of time. The objectives to be minimized are the total cost of the project, its global duration and the uncertainties about these criteria (cost, duration). The uncertainties modeling is performed according to two different approaches. The first approach consists in using single intervals to model the uncertainty and it is considered as a third objective to optimize besides cost and duration. As for the second approach, the uncertainty about project objectives (cost, duration) is performed by using probabilities distributions. The optimization tool proposed in this thesis is a part of an integrated and more global process, based on industrial standards (the systems engineering process and the project management one) that are widely known and used in companies. Thus, the work developed in this thesis is a real guide for companies in their process of design and realization of innovative complex systems in the systems engineering field
Jamaoui, Samare. "Contribution à une étude de la place de la médiation pédagogique humaine dans un contexte d'autoformation: Penser les motifs d'engagement et leurs implications psychopédagogiques :"Approche du rapport à l'égard de l'autoformation par l'analyse des représentations et des attitudes des apprenants"." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210490.
This research approaches the problems in relation to training in the process of e-learning. It raises the question of the self-directed learning’s power in this type of training situation. The human teaching mediation and the technological mediatization are both in the center of the concerns. This research is an approach, through the design even of instruments of investigation, to the concepts :control, autodirection, autonomy, effectiveness, competence, self-determination in relation with the engagement. Competences and readiness scales related to the adults’ self-training are also observed. One proposes to observe motivational directions and the engagement’s reasons in relation with the perception of oneself as self-directed learners in a context of self-training. Our reflections also relate to the concept of Alterdidacticism in opposition to the self-educated steps, to the Autodidacticism in a context of adults’ self-training.
Doctorat en Sciences Psychologiques et de l'éducation
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Bayle, Aurélie. "La construction de la relation pédagogique à distance : Étude d'un dispositif de télécollaboration au sein d'un monde virtuel pour la formation des enseignants de FLE." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CLF20022/document.
This research focuses on the integration of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in the initial training of teachers of French as a Foreign Language and on pedagogical communication. Our work examines the contribution of a telecollaborative project (SLIC: Second Life Interculturel). This project involved students from Université Blaise Pascal (Clermont-Ferrand, France) enrolled in a Master's program in French language teaching using ICT and advanced-level undergraduate students of French from Carnegie Mellon University (Pittsburgh, United States). For all SLIC participants, the main objective was the development of intercultural communicative skills through collaborative tasks in the virtual world Second Life. This project was designed to take two important aspects of teacher training into consideration: active and reflexive learning.The aim of this thesis is to understand how students manage to develop pedagogical relationships online when involved in a telecollaborative project using a virtual world and how the teachers in training adopt the role of discussion leader. This study has two goals: firstly, a descriptive one, analyzing tasks and online interactions in order to better understand the actions of participants, as well as the relationships they build. Secondly, this thesis has a praxeological aim since the results allow us to identify some elements for reflection concerning the improvement of ICT integration in teacher training.The Computer-Assisted Language Learning domain provides the theoretical background for this thesis. The latter draws on theoretical foundations in interaction analysis and sociology. We use the interactionnist model of the interpersonal relationship considering two dimensions: a vertical dimension which concerns the rank system (hierarchy vs. equality) and a horizontal dimension (distance vs. closeness).We adopted an ethnographic approach. We collected and structured data into a LEarning and TEaching Corpus (LETEC) in order to analyze them in context. We crossed-analyzed different data types from the perspectives of the participants, adopting a "data first" procedure. First, we studied the context, looking at the students' characteristics, their expectations, the learning design and the way they occupied the interactional space during their working sessions in Second Life. Then, we analyzed their mutual positioning by examining the way in which the participants present themselves and the mutual perceptions they had of the role(s) played by each member of the group. Finally, we studied the gaps between prescription, perception and the realization of two collaborative tasks.Our research allowed us to highlight the complexity of the development of online pedagogical relationships between teachers in training and learners of French. We showed that the teachers in training tended to create a hierarchical relationship while trying to develop some closeness. The learners of French accepted the hierarchical dimension but kept their distances. Hence, we were able to identify the construction of a learning contract very close to what is usually observed in an institutional context in which the roles of the teacher and the student are heavily marked
Lachand-Pascal, Valentin. "Approche centrée activité pour la conception et l'orchestration d'activités numériques en classe." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSEI089.
The quantity and variety of digital devices available in schools is constantly increasing. However, educational uses have not followed this evolution. The limited use of digital may be explained by the difficulty in creating digital activities. We propose to combine concepts from research related to the creation and conduction of educational activities in the classroom, as well as work related to the conduction of digital activities in a more general way. We present the contributions and limitations of these two conceptual frameworks for the management of digital educational activities. We conducted interviews with teachers to understand how they create their digital activities and how they conduct them. When conducting activities in the classroom, teachers mainly encounter technical problems (unstable network, hardware limitations) and have to adapt their plans to deal with these problems. We propose an adaptable architecture to solve the technical problems. Our architecture allows the conduction of digital activities by taking into account the different constraints: the activities work with or without connection, on the different devices present in the classroom, and the architecture adapts to the infrastructures of the schools. This architecture is materialized in Toccata, an orchestration system allowing the creation and implementation of digital activities in the classroom. Toccata implements the design recommendations we identified. Finally, we identified interaction strategies to help teachers in the management of digital devices in the classroom. Through observations of middle school classrooms, we identified two main classes of tasks: content sharing and remote control of devices. Using an elicitation study, we found that control tasks are easier to perform than content sharing tasks, especially using a device worn like a connected watch. We found that the selection of content sharing devices remained particularly complex in terms of interaction. Our results open new possibilities for managing digital devices in the classroom. However, work is still needed on sharing, reusing, and redesigning digital activities
Sagodira, Gilles. "La formation continue à l'entrepreneuriat : par-delà le déterminisme social de l'acte entrepreneurial." Phd thesis, Université de la Réunion, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00665537.
Girardet, Patricia. "La construction de la compréhension des textes narratifs par des élèves avec troubles cognitifs : recherche conduite au sein d’unités localisées pour l’inclusion scolaire." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE2010/document.
Since the French law published on February 11th 2005, on equal rights and opportunities for the inclusion and citizenship of disabled people, the French education system follows the path of inclusion for pupils with disabilities. In order to address the need to make learning accessible to these, French schools have first developed quantitative access within ordinary schools and specialized devices. More than ten years later, it is now ripe to question education of these children from a quality perspective. Our thesis is to be viewed in this context and thus interrogates learning and, by extension, the teaching reading comprehension ability within specialized devices and the necessary conditions to make it more efficient for children with cognitive disabilities. Our research follows the steps of action research. Preliminary comprehensive interviews with pupils and teachers helped to develop a better understanding teaching/learning reading comprehension and the difficulties encountered. To change this situation, we proposed to teachers working in specialized devices to test an educational approach and a tool built according to social cognitive mediation model defined by B-M Barth. Teaching session observations, questionnaires and collective interviews permitted to collect datas. By analyzing and cross-referencing all data collected, we attempt to describe the characteristics of initial and final situations. Examining the complexity of the process and interactions involved in didactic situation, we identify teaching patterns which really take into account the learning of these pupils, we outline key leverage to change teaching practices and propose some perspectives for the implementation of a high-quality education for each and every pupils
Berriche, Fatima Zahra. "Evaluation des connaissances acquises lors de l’apprentissage de l’ingénierie système dans un environnement E-learning collaboratif." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLC048.
To remain competitive and to deal with the complexities of developing complex systems, it is necessary to have skilled and experienced system engineers on the labor market. As a result, system engineers, teachers and researchers must put in place strategies and didactic methodologies to prepare future systems engineers. The idea is to ensure engineering students with depth preparation for system engineering (SE) and a quasiprofessional expertise based on practical experiences. This thesis meets the need for student evaluation, to verify their knowledge of the processes of developing a complex system throughout its lifecycle. We are particularly interested in the problem of evaluating the knowledge acquired by learners during the active learning of the SE in a collaborative Elearning environment based on the knowledge acquisition approach. For this, we have developed and implemented our research as part of an E-learning project approach. This is a pedagogical approach that facilitates online learning of SE based on projects. We decided to pilot our E-learning environment with projects initiated from standard SE processes. We also conducted a formalization of these standardized processes by integrating SE competencies models to support the professional development of a system. During the learning phase, different students collaborate remotely. This sharing of information is generally based on formal or informal exchanges. The interest of the acquisition of this knowledge, resulting from written reports, feedback and rectified errors, is to help study and evaluate the experiences and activities of students to promote active learning and collaboration of the SE. Our proposal is a solution for the evaluation of acquired knowledge based on semantic tools. The solution is addressed to students and teachers of the platform. On the one side, it allows the monitoring and evaluation of students in an intelligent way. On the other side, it allows to support the teacher during the definition of his project. First, we present a mixed assessment method that combines reasoning from cases and process-mining to provide visual representations that help the teacher in his assessment process as well as the definition of his learning scenario. We use social network analysis techniques to study learner interactions. Then, we propose a semantic annotation process of student works. The purpose of this process is to guide the teacher in his assessment process. Furthermore, we introduce the concept of peer review in order to promote the reflexivity and self-confidence of learner. Finally, the different contributions are illustrated by a case study. Based on this case study, we show that the research hypotheses are valid
Aouag, Sofiane. "Individualisation de l'apprentissage dans un Système Tuteur Intelligent : cas de l'apprentissage de la lecture dans un système AMICAL." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00658846.
Chastenet, de Castaing Edouard. "Propositions pour l'amélioration de la pertinence de la méthode des multiples en évaluation d'entreprise." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO30006/document.
Our research focuses more specifically on the selection criteria to be used to improve the relevance of the multiple-Based valuation method regarding the selection of reference multiples, the selection of comparable companies or the combination of multiples.We confirm that the Enterprise Value multiples based on prospective Ebit and Ebitda (versus actual) are generally the most relevant. In the absence of prospective data, available at the date of valuation, our study shows that Ebitda multiples are generally more relevant.We confirm that the expected growth rates of Ebitda or Ebit are generally relevant performance indicators to identify the most comparable companies among industry-Based peer groups, considering actual Ebitda and Ebit-Based multiples.Our study shows that the combination of Capital employed and Ebit-Based multiples, on the one hand, and of Ebitda and Ebit-Based multiples, on the other hand (based on weighted factors specific to each sector), are likely to improve the relevance of the method, compared to the use of these multiples, alone.The approach implemented in this research may be reproduced by practitioners to identify case by case single and combined multiples that are the most relevant for each industry-Based peer group
Hachicha, Maroua. "Un modèle de prise de décision basé sur la performace des procesus métiers collaboratifs." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE2028.
This thesis focuses on improving the performance evaluation of collaborative business processes. It is about pursuing the evolution of the collaboration between the company and its partners. In the beginning, three abstraction levels were identified: Business, functional and application. Then, we developed a top-down approach from the business level to the application level. In the business level, different key performance indicators have been proposed through the ECOGRAI method. In the application level, we proposed an analytical repository containing functional technical indicators such as duration, input, output, and non-functional, including maturity, risk, and interoperability based on execution traces. We have thus proposed an ontological model in order to capitalize and enrich the semantics of the performance of these processes. We proposed a bottom-up model for the aggregation of technical indicators at the business level. The main objective of this aggregation is the correlation between the behavior of the aggregated business application from the execution and the evolution of the business indicators. Another business event management model was also proposed to consolidate the learning process of our approach. Moreover, to ensure the convergence of performance, we have combined traces management and business event management. This combination allows to accompany the evolution of the collaborative business processes during their execution. The aforementionedaccompaniment favors the obtaining of a diagnosis on performance to be used for decision-making. The latter is closely linked to the detection of alerts and particularly to the anticipation of deviations in performance as quickly as possible. To validate the scientific contribution of this thesis, a case study was carried out on a process of creation of quote within the framework of the European project FITMAN
Berrebi, Johanna. "Contribution à l'intégration d'une liaison avionique sans fil. L'ingénierie système appliquée à une problématique industrielle." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00800141.
Laparé, Marie-Claude. "Développement d'une approche artistique de l'enseignement de la vidéo au collégial." Mémoire, 2007. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/3309/1/M9655.pdf.
Marcotte, Alice. "Les apports de l'expérimentation assistée par ordinateur (ExAO) en pédagogie par projet en sciences de la nature au collégial." Thèse, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/6757.
Vézina, Mylène. "Étude d'un dispositif pédagogique : le projet TACTICS Travail et Apprentissage Collaboratifs avec les Technologies de l'Information et de la Communication en Sciences." Thèse, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/16453.
Drolet, Daniel. "Évaluation du niveau de compréhension des étudiants issus du renouveau pédagogique à l'égard du concept de fonction." Mémoire, 2012. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/5193/1/M12670.pdf.
Julien, Didier Éric. "Observation des pratiques de classe des enseignants de langue seconde au secondaire dans le contexte de formation par compétences." Mémoire, 2009. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/2238/1/M10884.pdf.
George, Hugo. "Une étude des conditions d’effectuation du travail artistique : organisation par projet et pluriactivité dans le monde des arts numériques montréalais." Thèse, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/22235.