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1
Ghazi, Inam ul Haq. "Women of the Subcontinent." Hawwa 13, no. 1 (May 6, 2015): 77–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15692086-12341270.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Recorded Arabic travel logs about Asia in general, and in particular the Subcontinent during the Golden Era, contain interesting narratives about women of the region. This paper surveys narratives by Arab travellers regarding woman and tries to constitute a portrayal that may emerge from their writings. The selected writings for this paper cover 8 centuries (7th to 14th centuries ad) and the Subcontinent including modern-day countries of Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Maldives and Sri Lanka. The picture that emerges from this study depicts various aspects about the women of Sub-Continent during these centuries. The most important aspects are: the role of women in society, their legal status and marriage, descriptions of beauty, women’s festivals, slavery, fashion and dresses for various occasions, and women from different classes, castes and religions. An attempt has been made to compare and contrast these narratives among themselves.
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Khan, Imtiaz ali, та Saeed ur Rahman Khan. "ارض مقدسہ کے قرآنی آثار اور مولانا ڈاکٹر سیدشیر علی شاہ مدنیؒ کے مشاہدات کا مطالعہ". Al-Duhaa 2, № 02 (31 грудня 2021): 259–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.51665/al-duhaa.002.02.0130.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Ardhe-e-Quran (The Land and Nation in the Quran) is one of the major parts of Quranic studies which means the description of those lands or nations in the Quran which have been traveled and observed. The Shariah scholars of the Muslim world whether classical or contemporary have made these observations of “Ardhe-e-Quran”. In this regard, the scholars of India have also made a significant contribution. Travel of the pass-outs of Jamia Dar-ul-Uloom Haqqania to these places and cities is also a part of this series. Especially Maulana Sher Ali Shah has lived in Arab countries and then he has made a regular journey to these places mentioned in the Qur'an. He observed Qur'anic places from Baitullah to Baitul Muqaddas.His travelogues, especially regarding Syria, contain useful information. The land of Syria is the blessed land, here is Jerusalem, in which Allah Almighty has created spiritual and spiritual charm when Maulana Dr. Sher Ali Shah visited this blessed city. He toured the city and observed the Quranic places. Maulana Dr. Sher Ali Shah went on Hajj by land on foot in 1966. After receiving permission from the embassies of Iran, Jordan, and Iraq, he reached Haramain on his way. After entering Iraq on January 2, 1967, he arrived in Baghdad, stayed there, and toured historical sites, then went to Jerusalem and observed the holy places there. The golden impressions of this journey, the observations of the historical places and the details of Hajj he has written under the title of “Chand din Masjid Aqsa ki Fidhaon me (A few days in spiritual surroundings of Al-Aqsa Mosque)" and "In the luminous surroundings of the Harmain". In these journeys, He also observed the land of the Qur'an and the holy places, besides ancient libraries and Makhtootat. Maulana Dr. Saeed-ul-Haq Jadoon and Mufti Bakht Shaid have written a two-volume book on the life and services of Maulana Sher Ali Shah Madani entitled "Maulana Sher Ali Madani: Life and services”. In this book, Maulana Dr. Saeed-ul-Haq Jadoon has written a separate chapter on the “Observations and research on Ardh-e-Quran by Dr. Sher Ali Shah”. In which Maulana Sher Ali Shah Madani has given a detailed discussion on these observations. In this regard, the researcher has intended to enlighten his analytical study on the topic of Ardh-e-Quran.
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Zhang, Anning. "Exploring the Prospects for Tourism Development in China and Arab Countries under the Belt and Road Initiative: Taking Algeria as an Example." Modern Economics & Management Forum 5, no. 2 (May 8, 2024): 266. http://dx.doi.org/10.32629/memf.v5i2.1978.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
With the in-depth development of the “Belt and Road” strategy, the tourism development of countries along the route is in full swing. This new strategic concept of travel culture not only covers hundreds of tourist routes in many regions of the country, but also has huge connections with the vast number of Arab countries. Nowadays, the “Belt and Road” national tour will be the development trend of the tourism industry. It is of great practical significance to study the development prospects of tourism in Arab countries under the Belt and Road Initiative.
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Al-Dahshan, Ayman, Nagah Selim, Noora Al-Kubaisi, Ziyad Mahfoud, and Vahe Kehyayan. "Primary care physicians’ knowledge of travel vaccine and malaria chemoprophylaxis and associated predictors in Qatar." PLOS ONE 17, no. 3 (March 31, 2022): e0265953. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0265953.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background In an era of globalization, travel-related illnesses have become a focus of public health concern, especially in the Arab region where travel health services are insufficient and not well-established. This study was conducted to assess travel vaccine and malaria chemoprophylaxis knowledge and associated predictors among primary care physicians (PCPs) in Qatar. Methods This was a cross-sectional study. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from all physicians working at all 27 primary healthcare centers from March 1st to May 31st 2020. Knowledge scores were computed and a multivariable linear regression model was built to identify predictors of higher knowledge. Results A total of 364 PCPs participated (response rate of 89.2%). Participants’ mean age was 44.5 (±7.8) with 59.1% being males. Their overall mean knowledge score was 9.54/16 (±3.24). Significant predictors of higher knowledge included: aged 40–49 years (1.072; 95% CI: 0.230, 1.915), had medical degree from non-Arab countries (0.748; 95% CI: 0.065, 1.432), had training in TM (1.405; 95% CI: 0.407, 2.403), and provided ≥10 consultations/ month (2.585; 95% CI:1.294, 3.876). Online information was the main reported resource of travel medicine consultation. Conclusions The overall PCPs’ mean percentage knowledge score of travel medicine was 59.6% (±20.3). A high volume of pretravel consultation, prior training, middle age group, and medical degree from non-Arab countries were significant predictors of higher knowledge. Continuing education and training provided by recognised international institutions for all PCPs is highly recommended to narrow the gap in travel medicine knowledge.
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Samiha, Mulahi, and Sergei M. Pinaev. "The culture of North Africa in travel notes of Russian travelers of the late XIX - early XX century." RUDN Journal of Studies in Literature and Journalism 24, no. 3 (December 15, 2019): 585–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2312-9220-2019-24-3-585-593.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Travel notes are the most important documentary source in the context of studying the culture of various countries. The article discusses ideas about North Africa in travel notes of Russian travelers of the late XIX - early XX century, analyzes the main themes and plots of the notes. At the designated time, Russian travelers visited such African countries as Tunisia, Algeria and Egypt, where they noted the decline of Arab culture and the planting of Western European ideals by colonists.
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Dzyubak, Anna V., and Sergey Yu Chucha. "Legal Regulation of Labour Migration: Prospects for the Implementation of the Eastern Model." Zakon 21, no. 3 (March 2024): 27–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.37239/0869-4400-2024-21-3-27-37.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The concepts of regulating labour migration in Russia are retrospectively considered. A detailed description of the Kafala system underlying the regulation of labour migration in the countries of the Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Persian Gulf is given. Promising principles of legal regulation of international labour migration in the Russian Federation are formulated. The conclusion is substantiated about the possibility of enshrining in national legislation and effectively using the policy, concept and individual elements of regulation of international labour migration in Arab countries.
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Alfayez, Zainab Hameed, Nabaa Mohammed Al-Sinayyid, and Sadeq Ibrahim AL-Ameri. "MOBILE APPLICATIONS DEVELOPED BY ARAB COUNTRIES IN RESPONSE TO COVID-19: A REVIEW." Journal of Information System and Technology Management 6, no. 22 (September 30, 2021): 200–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.35631/jistm.622016.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Arab countries have taken different strategies in response to the COVID-19 pandemic such as: imposing travel restrictions, hygienic practices, quarantine, and a complete lock-down. They also have adopted technology-based strategies to deal with the pandemic. Mobile applications were one of these strategies since they offer an opportunity for remote communication in which potentially tackling the pandemic. Therefore, like other countries, Arab countries have developed a number of mobile apps specially to stop or mitigate the spread of the new disease. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of mobile applications being developed in response to the COVID-19 pandemic and especially to serve the Arab region. To achieve this goal, firstly, the related applications were chosen through searching in the two main mobile app stores (Google Play and App Store), Secondly, the number of applications developed by each country was identified, thirdly, exploring the apps in terms of the services being provided by each app. The significant findings of this review are: UAE was the Arab country that developed the biggest number of COVID-19 related mobile apps, and “remote assistant” was the service that was found in most of the identified applications. However, these applications did not consider the privacy issue and lacked solutions for healthcare staff.
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Fteiha, Bashar, Tawfiq Abul Al-Rub, Eli Schwartz, and Tamar Lachish. "Morbidity among Arab–Israeli and Palestinian Hajj Pilgrims: A Prospective Study." American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 104, no. 4 (April 7, 2021): 1596–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.20-1460.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ABSTRACTThousands of Palestinian and Arab–Israeli pilgrims travel to Mecca each year to complete their pilgrimage. To the best of our knowledge, no previous studies have characterized the infectious and noninfectious morbidity among Arab–Israeli or Palestinian Hajj pilgrims. Thus, we designed and conducted an observational questionnaire-based study to prospectively investigate the occurrence of health problems among these Hajjis who traveled to complete their Pilgrimage during 2019 Hajj season. For the purpose of the study, questionnaires were distributed to Hajj pilgrims at three different time occasions—before travel, inquiring on demographics and medical comorbidities; and 1 and 4 weeks after returning recording any health problems encountered during or after travel. Initial recruitment included 111 Hajjis. The mean age of responders was 49.5 (±9.1) years, with a Male:Female ratio of 1.3:1. The mean travel duration was 18.7 (13–36) days. Altogether, 66.3% of the pilgrims reported at least one health problem during and after the trip, of which 38.6% sought medical attention. Five (4.8%) hajjis were hospitalized, including life-threatening conditions. Cough was the most common complaint (53.8%), and 11.5% also reported fever. Pretravel counseling was associated with reduced outpatient and emergency room visits. We therefore concluded that a high rate of morbidity was reported among this cohort of Hajj pilgrims with a morbidity spectrum similar to pilgrims from other countries. Pretravel consultation with the purpose of educating the pilgrims on the health risks of Hajj may help reduce the morbidity for future Hajj seasons.
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Abushammalah, Noor J. E. "The Long Arm of the State: Transnational Repression against Exiled Activists from the Arab Gulf States." Social Sciences 12, no. 12 (December 4, 2023): 669. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci12120669.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Arab Spring was a period of intense activism demanding democracy and freedom that swept across the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. While previous research has focused on the role of diaspora communities in the uprisings and the strategies employed by regimes to suppress them, it has primarily centered on countries that experienced large-scale revolutions and endured severe consequences. Consequently, the current literature has failed to explore the situation of Arab Gulf dissidents living in exile, instead focusing on a few isolated incidents. This paper examines the transnational repression (TR) campaign of the Arab Gulf states (AGSs). Drawing on the literature about the long arm of authoritarianism and TR, this paper explores the various TR methods employed by the AGSs to silence activists living abroad. The paper finds that the nature of TR in the Arab Gulf region is unique when compared with other MENA countries. The TR campaign of AGSs is alarmingly expanding, using various mechanisms and resources, making the region one of the world’s leading perpetrators. The methods employed by the AGSs include travel bans as part of their coercion by proxy, digital transnational repression, and the use of multilateral organizations as tools of repression. Additionally, this paper highlights the AGSs’ support of other countries’ TR.
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GASMI, CHahinaz, and MESSAOUD Bensari. "Landscape Illustration Flashing in Al-Aghouati Trip." Milev Journal of Research and Studies 8, no. 1 (June 30, 2022): 202–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.58205/mjrs.v8i1.610.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Travel literature used to be a favorite resource for intelligentsia in general ; historians depend on it as an authentic document and ;geographers explore more about the countries and places ;anthropologists try to study the origin and development of human societies; cultures ;customs ; and tradition .
As for the writer; he will be involved in different literary styles ,storytelling fact and fiction ; narration ;description ;dialogue and exciting scenes. This article aims to shed light on the Ibn E-Din Al- Aghouati travel document which was dominated by a brief flash description ; without prejudice to the meaning.
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Bagdouri, Mossaab. "Journalists and Twitter: A Multidimensional Quantitative Description of Usage Patterns." Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media 10, no. 1 (August 4, 2021): 22–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/icwsm.v10i1.14742.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
We conduct a large scale quantitative comparison of the usage pattern of a microblogging service by journalists, news organizations, and news consumers. Through two statistical tests of eighteen numerical features over 5,000 news producers and 1 million news consumers, we find that Arab journalists and English news organizations tend to broadcast their tweets to a large audience; that English journalists adopt a strategy of targeted and engaging communication; that journalists are more distinguishable in the Arab world than in the European English speaking countries; that print and radio journalists have a very dissimilar behavior while the television ones share some characteristics with each of them; and that British and Irish journalists are similar to a large extent. This paper is the first to provide a multidimensional bird's-eye view on the usage pattern of journalists over Twitter.
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Gorina, G. O., and Ye H. Kryzhyminska. "APPROACHES TO SAFETY ASSESSMENT IN INTERNATIONAL TOURISM." TRADE AND MARKET OF UKRAINE, no. 1 (51) 2022 (2022): 105–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.33274/2079-4762-2022-51-1-105-111.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Objective. The objective of the article is to highlight approaches to the assessment of safety in international tourism and to analyze the most and least safe countries in the world for traveling and conducting tourism business. Methods. In order to achieve the set goals and objectives, the following research methods were used: analysis and synthesis (to determine the safety components in the international rankings of countries in the world), comparative analysis, comparison (to determine the similarities and differences in the Top-10 most and least safe countries in the world for traveling and running a tourist business according to various international ratings), graphic and tabular methods (for a visual representation of statistical material). Results. Methodologies and approaches to measuring security and protection in international tourism proposed by the World Economic Forum and Institute for Economics & Peace are considered. The calculation methodology, description and sources of the “Safety and Protection” and “Health and Hygiene” indicators of The Travel & Tourism Development Index are given. The 10 most and least safe and reliable countries in the world to travel to in terms of “Safety and security” and “Health and hygiene” have been identified and analyzed. The methodology for calculating The Global Peace Index is given. In order to assess the safety of tourist travel and conducting tourist business in one or another state of the world, a description of the evaluation criteria and the definition of indicators that allow calculating the components of “Ongoing internal and international conflicts” and “Public safety” have been carried out. The 10 most and least peaceful countries according to the specified components were determined and analyzed. Fluctuations in the positions of the countries of the world on the four security components of The Travel & Tourism Development Index and The Global Peace Index ratings are clearly depicted and analyzed.
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Jawahirul Maknun, Ahmad, and Auliya Ghazna Nizami. "Konsep Mahram Bagi Haji Wanita Perspektif Fikih Syafi’i dan Regulasi Pemerintah Arab Saudi." Komparatif: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum dan Pemikiran Islam 2, no. 2 (December 12, 2022): 90–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.15642/komparatif.v2i2.1653.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract: This study explains the concept of Mahram for Muslim women who wish to perform the pilgrimage. This research method uses a qualitative description approach. Collection of data from the sources of the books of the Shafi'i school of thought by reading, interpreting, observing, analyzing to be used as data for research purposes on the concept of mahram for women who perform the pilgrimage in Saudi Arabia in terms of the Shafi'i school. This type of thesis research is descriptive analysis and literature research. The process in this research found that, First, the government of Saudi Arabia allows women to go on pilgrimage without a mahram if a trusted travel agent shades the trip. Second, the application of the concept of mahram for women who perform the pilgrimage according to the Shafi'iyyah school is mandatory. Keywords: Mahram; Shafi’i School; Saudi Arabia; Pilgrimage Abstrak: Penelitian ini menejelaskan konsep Mahram bagi perempuan muslimah yang hendak menunaikan ibadah haji. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskripsi kualitatif. Pengumpulan data-data dari sumber kitab-kitab mazhab Syafi’i dengan membaca, mengartikan, mencermati, menelaah untuk dijadikan data keperluan penelitian penerapan law bagi wanita yang menunaikan ibadah haji di Arab Saudi ditinjau dari mazhab Syafi’i. Jenis penelitian skripsi ini adalah deskriptif analisis dan penelitian pustaka. Proses dalam penelitian ini menemukan bahwa, Pertama, pemerintah Arab Saudi memperbolehkan haji perempuan tanpa mahram jika perjalanannya dinaungi oleh travel agent yang terpercaya. Kedua, penerapan konsep mahram bagi wanita yang menunaikan ibadah haji menurut mazhab Shāfi’iyyah adalah wajib adanya. Kata Kunci: Mahram; Madhhab Syafi’i; Arab Saudi; Haji
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MÚČKA, MAREK ARENDARČÍK. "MULTINATIONAL ENTERPRISES – AN INCREASING IMPORTANCE OF STATE OWNED MULTINATIONAL ENTERPRISES IN THE WORLD ECONOMY." AD ALTA: 06/02 6, no. 2 (December 31, 2016): 54–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.33543/06025457.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Our paper focuses on the description of both multinational enterprises (MNE) and the state owned multinational enterprises (SO-MNE) rates of importance within the world economy. The impact of the public administration is felt in both counts. Along Europe it is more intensive in the post-communist countries like in Czech Republic and Slovak Republic and the same in some Arab countries where the SO-MNE are intensive even dominantly operating mostly within the energy industry segments.
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Fearon, D., S. Hughes, and S. G. Brearley. "Experiences of breast cancer in Arab countries. A thematic synthesis." Quality of Life Research 29, no. 2 (October 23, 2019): 313–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11136-019-02328-0.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Background Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women globally. Its negative effects on a woman’s quality of life are related to the individual and socio-cultural factors. This review aimed to identify and synthesise the reported experiences and quality of life of women with breast cancer in Arab countries. Methods PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, SCOPUS, PsychInfo, CINAHL, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, and Index Medicus for the Eastern Mediterranean Region were searched for articles published from start to March 2019 using PRISMA guidelines. These searches were complimented by citation tracking and hand searching of relevant journals. A thematic synthesis was carried out on the ‘findings/results’ sections from the identified papers. Results Of 5228 records identified, 19 were included in the review which represented 401 women from 11 Arab countries. All used qualitative methods of data collection to produce rich descriptions of experiences. Thematic synthesis of the extracted data identified three major themes, Perceptions and reactions, Coping or enduring and Changing roles. Conclusions This review provides a rich description of the reported quality of life and experiences of women with breast cancer in Arab countries. These are influenced by the women’s and society’s views of cancer, the women’s role in society and family, religious faith and the healthcare context and access to treatment choices and information.
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Yssaad, Dr Zahia. "The Psychological and Social Effects of The Covid19 Health Crisis from The Point of View of The Arab Users." علوم الاتصال 7, no. 1 (March 23, 2022): 123–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.52981/cs.v7i1.2115.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This research aims to determine the effects of the health crisis caused by the Covid 19 virus on the Arab users during the period of quarantine and social separation, especially the social and psychological ones. To achieve this we relied on the descriptive analytical approach to classify and analyze quantitative data.Which was collected by means of an electronic questionnaire and distributed to a random sample of Arab individuals in the style of snowball, which enabled us to obtain 229 answers from several Arab countries, and accordingly we reached some results:
Of individuals considered that the virus behind the Corona has left negative social and psychological effects represented in fear, anxiety and social isolation in addition to boredom, as well as 59.7% that they missed their diaries from work, study, travel, tourism, etc. As for 40.3% they yearn for social gatherings Especially family visits for relatives and relatives, meeting friends and sitting with them. But 41.9% of them also took advantage of the time they stay in the research and reading and develop their skills and sit for longer with their families.
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Atadil, Hilmi A., Ercan Sirakaya-Turk, and Volkan Altintas. "An analysis of destination image for emerging markets of Turkey." Journal of Vacation Marketing 23, no. 1 (August 1, 2016): 37–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1356766715616858.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The purpose of this study is twofold: (1) to assess the perceived importance of the attributes that form the destination image (DI) based on general vacation experiences and opinions of travelers and (2) to compare the expected performance of Turkey’s attributes in attracting travelers from the emerging markets (i.e. China as well as Arab countries) using importance–performance analysis (IPA). The data were gathered from a sample of 426 prospective Chinese and Arab travelers during two prominent travel expositions in Dubai and Shanghai using face-to-face interviews with structured questionnaires. Comparative factor analysis and two generated IPA grids for each sample provided important insights into the perceived DI of emerging markets. More specifically, study findings provide valuable practical management information to destination management organizations in Turkey that want to design tailored marketing strategies for emerging markets. Further practical and theoretical implications are discussed in detail.
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Babar, Zahra R. "Migrant Workers Bear the Pandemic’s Brunt in the Gulf." Current History 119, no. 821 (November 19, 2020): 343–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/curh.2020.119.821.343.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The six Arab monarchies of the Persian Gulf host some of the largest global populations of international labor migrants. As COVID-19 began spreading across the Gulf, migrants made up a large share of the positive cases identified. Migrants’ living and working conditions in the Gulf and other structural vulnerabilities increased their exposure to the disease. Despite the risks of staying in the Gulf, many lower-income migrants preferred to do rather than returning to their home countries. For them, travel restrictions and the difficulty of finding work back home in the midst of the pandemic have outweighed the immediate danger of infection and illness.
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Kharyal, Priya. "Travel Literature: A perspective on the history of Indian travel accounts and recent developments in the genre." International Journal of English Literature and Social Sciences 7, no. 5 (2022): 032–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijels.75.5.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Travel writing is a literary genre that remain concerned with travelling accounts or records of a person. Such accounts enable one to know about different cities and countries and become familiar with varied cultures, behavioral patterns and their living conditions. Travel writings are being produced since time immemorial. India is a land of diverse cultures, languages, and food habits that remained a favourite destination among travel enthusiasts living both India and abroad. Many European, Chinese and Arab Travel writers like Jean Baptiste Tavernier, Ibn-e-Battuta and Hiuen Tsang have written at length about their experiences of travelling to India. They all have written works on India, its culture and the people that are living there. Their accounts are not reliable from the information point of view because they are based on whatever these travellers have seen or witnessed around them. They do not provide an actual image of India but rather presented an unrealistic portrayal of India in their writings. They have not focused on the adversities and social evils that were prevalent at that time. Earlier, travel writings remain a product of colonial enterprise. That is why there is a need for India travel writers to discuss their opinions regarding the impression of India and the people at large. Through this paper, I will try to show the history of Indian travel writings and works that are being done under this genre until now. At the same time, I will also discuss about the recent changes that are happening in this genre.
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Ageel, Ghada. "A Palestinian Uprising: Is it Possible or is it Too Late?" Sociology of Islam 2, no. 3-4 (June 10, 2014): 283–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22131418-00204011.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Four years ago, the Arab Awakening started out auspiciously. It caught many by surprise to say the least and its inception, strength and energy have continued to shock numerous commentators. While some observers noted that this powerful process had bypassed Palestine, others have offered a completely different view, arguing that the current situation is ripe for Palestine’s enactment of the Arab Awakening. This article examines the validity of arguing the possibility or the impossibility of a Palestinian Arab Spring-style uprising. Has the spring really bypassed Palestine? Does Palestine exhibit the circumstances and capacities whose presence in other Arab countries seemed to be prerequisites for uprising? Moreover, if developments and initiatives adopted by the collective are of any indicator and Palestinians opt for a mass populist non-violent uprising, then what goals, tools and tactics would the coming Intifada adopt? While attempting to place Palestine within a broader contextual analysis of the Arab Spring, the article seeks answers to these questions and argues that nonviolent resistance is emerging as the most potent means for reforming the Palestinian house and also for defying the occupation and exposing its crimes. The article presents a framework for the description and then provides recommendations.
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Kifleyesus, Abbebe. "Women Who Migrate, Men Who Wait: Eritrean Labor Migration to the Arab Near East." Northeast African Studies 12, no. 1 (April 1, 2012): 95–127. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/41960560.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Over the last five decades, Eritrea has experienced a massive outflow of labor migrants to the Arab Near East. Although this labor migration has grown steadily since the 1950s, there has been a profound change in the magnitude and dynamism of the migration since the early 1970s. The reason is that Eritrea has suffered from severe economic problems resulting from its three-decade-long war of liberation with Ethiopia. By contrast, the Arab Near East, the oil-producing countries in particular, have enjoyed a significant increase in their wealth as a result of a sharp rise in energy prices following the world energy crises in 1973 and 1979. With the accumulation of wealth, these countries engaged in large-scale restructuring and development programs that created chronic labor shortages. This great contrast in the wealth and size of the labor force resulted in a pronounced difference in the rewards for employment between Eritrea and the Arab Near East. This difference has attracted a large number of Eritrean labor migrants to countries like Saudi Arabia, the Gulf States, and the United Arab Emirates. This article examines the labor market patterns and the cultural effects on economic behavior, and investigates to what extent earnings and remittances and therefore the income of women migrants are impacted by cultured variables. It also reveals that women are likely to take up domestic work when they migrate to various destinations in die Arab Near East, that such women were unemployed prior to their migration, and that the earnings of women, are, on average, lower than those of men, but that women send more money back home than do men These higher rates of remittances by women are not simply expressions of income and expenditure but are rather attributable to higher savings abilities embedded in cultural values. In sum, die article looks at the dynamics of household labor in the context of migration; discusses paid household work as a structural continuation of unpaid household work across thepubUc sphere; demonstrates how Eritrean women travel through the household worker/housewife boundary in their home country and become family breadwinners, men’s supporters, sources of funding for state projects, and urban property owners by engaging in household work; and underscores women’s agency by articulating their paid household work through the negotiation of the monetary and emotional value of their labor in the Arab Near East.
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OUSMAN, Oumar Checkh. "BURTON’S JOURNEY AND IBN BATTUTA’S JOURNEY: A COMPARATIVE STUDY." International Journal of Humanities and Educational Research 03, no. 05 (October 1, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/2757-5403.5-3.1.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A person has been known to not reside on earth since he was on this modest, moving from one place to another, for various purposes, which may be in search of food or for fear of natural disasters, or out of love to travel. And the Muslim Arab travelers have a clear purpose from their trips, represented in the pilgrimage to the Sacred House of God and visiting the grave of the Prophet, may peace and blessings be upon him, and among them are those who came back through new roads and other countries, and some of them followed his path exploring worlds and regions different from their predecessors, as Ibn Battuta, Burton and others did. Each of them has taken the Holy Land as the focus of study and the place of the journey. This research topic was derived from the title: Burton’s Journey and Ibn Battuta’s Journey: A Comparative Study The topic is important in that it is a comparative process. As it is a reading of two books on one topic, travel literature by their two authors, which are considered one of the most important basic references known to the art of the journey among the Arabs. The limits of the study are represented in Burton's book entitled: "Burton's Journey to Egypt and the Hijaz" and Ibn Battuta's Journey: "A Masterpiece of the Principals in the Strange of Places and Wonders of Travel." This research aims to study two journeys in which it includes important aspects of Arab, Islamic and foreign life in its various aspects, whether it is political, social, religious, intellectual or literary, indicating aspects of agreement and difference between the two trips. The researcher also seeks to identify what distinguishes each trip from the other, in terms of the influence and influence between the two trips Keywords: Journey, Burton, Ibn Battuta, Egypt, Hijaz, Comparison.
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Habibullah, Md. "V. S. Naipaul's Travel Anecdotes and Daniel Pipes' Historiography: A New Historicist Reading." Asiatic: IIUM Journal of English Language and Literature 14, no. 2 (December 12, 2020): 74–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.31436/asiatic.v14i2.1934.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Nobel laureate V. S. Naipaul (1932-2018) describes experiences of his travels from August 1979 to February 1980 to four non-Arab Muslim-majority countries – Iran, Pakistan, Malaysia, and Indonesia – in Among the Believers: An Islamic Journey (1981). After sixteen years, in 1995, he revisited his impressions in Beyond Belief: Islamic Excursions Among the Converted Peoples (1998). Since then, critics have debated the (in)authenticity of Naipaul’s narratives in these travelogues. This article attempts a new historicist analysis of Naipaul’stravelogues within the historiographical framework of Daniel Pipes’ In the Path of God: Islam and Political Power (1983). It argues that Naipaul’s anecdotes and Pipes’ historiography are complementary in terms of their production in, and impact on, Western culture. Such anecdotal historiography, this article argues, is a reflection of the authors’ psychological and ideological position within the politico-cultural discourse involving the West and Islam in the post-Iranian Revolution period.
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CHECKH OUSMAN, Oumar. "RELIGIOUS FEATURES IN THE BOOK TUHFAT AL-NAZZAR." International Journal of Education and Language Studies 03, no. 01 (March 1, 2022): 08–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/2791-9323.1-3.2.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Tuhfat Al-Nazzar is one of the most famous travel books in history. Ibn Battuta known for his travels, and because of his global fame, he called the Prince of Muslim Travellers. Ibn Battuta started this journey from his hometown Tangiers; He intended to make the pilgrimage to the Sacred House of God, and he took a friend in every city, who told about him and his city. The period of his travels was estimated to be approximately thirty years, and he dictated to “Ibn Jazi al-Kalbi” the details and anecdotes of those trips. Ibn Battuta excelled in the art of description and reached a high degree never before, and from this description appeared his fame in the field of travel literature. Ibn Battuta was not satisfied with the external description of the places that he visited, but he also elaborated on the entrances and exits of cities and the natures of the different peoples with whom he lived. He listed many interesting stories and mentioned several religious features; whether Islamic or other religions of different peoples that he passed through his travels. From this, derive the subject of this research entitled: Religious features in the book Tuhfat Al-Nazzar. The importance of this topic is to read the religious aspects that Ibn Battuta dealt with in his book Tuhfat al-Nazzar, where he mentioned some holy places and religious figures, Islamic, pagan, and others. This research specified in the book: "The Masterpiece of the Priests in the Oddities of the Cities and the Wonders of the Travels". In addition, this research aims to highlight the religious features included in the book Tuhfat Al-Nazzar were in Arab or foreign peoples of all kinds
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Casale, Giancarlo. "On Taḥqīq, Space Travel, and the Discovery of Jetlag: Post-Mongol Trajectories of Modern Spatial Thinking". Journal of Early Modern History 27, № 4 (8 серпня 2023): 304–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700658-bja10069.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Before the invention of modern air travel, the phenomenon we call “jetlag” was known as the “Circumnavigator’s Paradox.” It was first observed empirically by European mariners in the sixteenth century, who noticed a missing day in their ship logs after circumnavigating the globe. But two centuries earlier, the theoretical possibility of such an observation was demonstrated by the Arab statesman and polymath Abu’l-Fidā (d. 1331) in his treatise on world geography, the Taqwīm al-Buldān or “Arrangement of Countries.” Within the context of this special issue on Cultures of Taḥqīq, this article argues that Abu’l-Fidā insight was a quintessential expression of the epistemology of taḥqīq as practiced in the immediate aftermath of the Mongol conquests, with profound implications for the latter history of geography, cartography, and modern spatial thinking.
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Berger, Jérôme, Marie-José Barbalat, Vanessa Pavón Clément, Blaise Genton, and Olivier Bugnon. "Multidisciplinary Collaboration between a Community Pharmacy and a Travel Clinic in a Swiss University Primary Care and Public Health Centre." Pharmacy 6, no. 4 (December 5, 2018): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy6040126.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This review is a narrative description of a collaboration between a travel clinic and a community pharmacy centre within a university primary care and public health centre (Lausanne/Switzerland). Pharmacists and pharmacy technicians participate in this collaboration to provide 1. counselling and clinical activities with travellers (e.g., pre-travel consultations and advice to travellers), 2. clinical pharmacy expertise and medicine information services (e.g., selection of an appropriate antimalarial medication for a traveller to manage of drug-drug interactions), 3. technical and logistical activities related to medicines and vaccines (e.g., management of vaccine shortages and specially imported medicines and vaccines from foreign countries) and 4. educational activities (e.g., undergraduate pharmacy teaching and continuous education to community pharmacists). Such a multidisciplinary collaboration should be encouraged as it enables us to address the evolution and challenges of travel medicine related to medication, such as growing vaccine shortages and an increasing number of chronic patients who travel. This review may be used as a model for the dissemination of such collaborative practices, to develop future advanced teaching and training activities, to provide a framework for research related to travel and medicines and to participate in the evaluation of vaccination practices by community pharmacists.
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Martin-Fuentes, Eva, Sara Mostafa-Shaalan, and Juan Pedro Mellinas. "Accessibility in Inclusive Tourism? Hotels Distributed through Online Channels." Societies 11, no. 2 (April 12, 2021): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/soc11020034.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
There is a lack of comprehensive international studies on accommodations for people with disabilities; only small, local-level studies exist. This study aims to show the status of the tourist accommodation sector through the online distribution channel in terms of accessibility to offer more inclusive tourism. A descriptive analysis has been carried out with more than 31,000 hotels from the online travel agency Booking.com, in the 100 most touristic cities in the world. For the first time, an accurate picture of adaptation in the hotel sector for people with disabilities is presented. Results show that the adapted hotel infrastructures by countries are uneven. The main adaptations are those that help to avoid mobility barriers, and in contrast, hotels offer very few adaptations for sensory disabilities such as visual disabilities. Moreover, this study shows that, worldwide, countries with the highest income per capita, such as the United States of America, Canada, Ireland, Australia, New Zealand, Qatar or the United Arab Emirates, have the highest degree of hotel adaptation.
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Ghaderi, Farah, and Wan Roselezam Wan Yahya. "EXOTICISM IN GERTRUDE BELL'SPERSIAN PICTURES." Victorian Literature and Culture 42, no. 1 (February 19, 2014): 123–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1060150313000247.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Victorian travelers in colonial contextsencountered differences in landscape, mores and manners, society, politics and culture, among other things, and registered their responses to the places visited in their published travel books for the home audience. Postcolonial critics contend that exoticism, i.e., a Western traveler's response to and description of the differences encountered in the context of travel, was deeply informed by the asymmetrical power relation between the representer/colonizer and the represented/colonized. As a result, these critics argue, exoticism in colonial travel writing was appropriative since it tended to construct the dichotomy of self/other in such a way as to justify imperial interventions in other countries (Forsdick, “Sa(L)Vaging Exoticism” 30–34; Said 1–28). As Graham Huggan rightly argues, difference of the colonial other in its various aspects was denigrated and dismissed as exotic when “translated into the master code of empire,” since it superimposed “a dominant way of seeing, speaking and thinking onto marginalised peoples” (24).
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Al-Shamsi, Humaid O., Amin Abyad, Panayotis Kaloyannidis, Amro El-Saddik, Ahmad Alrustamani, Ibrahim Abu Gheida, Azzam Ziade, et al. "Establishment of the First Comprehensive Adult and Pediatric Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Unit in the United Arab Emirates: Rising to the Challenge." Clinics and Practice 12, no. 1 (January 28, 2022): 84–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/clinpract12010010.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is increasingly indicated for various malignant and non-malignant diseases. In the United Arab Emirates (UAE), patients that could benefit from the procedure commonly need to seek medical care abroad in view of the lack of a comprehensive HSCT facility that could offer the full spectrum of interventions and monitoring protocols. This comes with considerable challenges related to coverage and logistics of travel. It also limits the continuity of clinical care, and presents inconvenience to patients who come from a different cultural background. In this article, we share our experiences and lessons learned during the establishment of the first comprehensive adult and pediatric HSCT unit in the UAE that is designed to cater for local citizens and residents, as well as neighboring countries facing similar availability challenges.
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Maier, Janine. "The significance of International Cooperation and Associated Travels for the Development of Women’s Football in Jordan." Zeitschrift für Tourismuswissenschaft 12, no. 2 (October 12, 2020): 299–315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/tw-2020-0003.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractThe long running-battle for equality in sports has now reached a new peak in women’s soccer. An increasing number of countries newly add women’s soccer programs and several existing national teams fight for a further professionalization and equal payments. This demand is part of an empowerment process. In soccer, women still form a marginalized group, but they increasingly gain more scope within the social subsystem “soccer”. In this context, sports have a considerable social and spatial significance on the individual, socio-cultural and structural level. This article focusses on one aspect of this multi-layer empowerment process and deals with the influences related to international cooperation, like traveling of delegates and teams as a form of sports tourism. The main goal is to carve out the increasing importance of such travel activities for a further development of sports and through sports. Therefore, the article raises the question, which role do international cooperation and associated travel activities play within the sports development context and do they foster structural and social developments in a certain regional context? What are the most common ways of exchange within the sports sector? Which role do particular settings and regional backgrounds play? With regard to women’s football in Arab countries, this article deals with the developments in Jordan. In Jordan, the deregulation of the ban on headscarves and the support by HRH Prince Ali bin al-Hussein, president of the Jordan Football Association (JFA), former FIFA vice-president and half-brother of King Abdullah II, have achieved a decisive boost. Prior to the FIFA U-17 Women’s World Cup 2016 and the Asian Cup 2018, JFA has signed several Memoranda of Understanding (MoU) with different associations. These MoU play a vital role because they are important for the transfer of knowledge, the structural developments in Jordanian women’s football and include several travel activities.
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Islam, Mohammad Tajul. "The Economic Motives behind Learning Arabic for the Bangladeshi Workers in the Middle East and the Approach to Teach them Communicative Arabic." Dhaka University Arabic Journal 23, no. 26 (June 14, 2024): 115–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.62295/mazallah.v23i26.66.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thousands of workers and activists are working and expecting to travel to the various countries of Middle East (ME) for livelihood over there. There is no doubt that, ME is the most fertile and important area for achieving foreign remittance for Bangladesh. Indeed, our workers in the Arab countries are skilled and experienced in their arena, but they are not skilled in Arabic to communicate with concerned people at their working areas. So, they have been deprived of their deserving salaries and other facilities. In this short article, we expect to express the financial motivations (الدوافع الاقتصادية) behind the learning of Communicative Arabic in Daily Life (CADL) for our migrants and workers to ME. We believe, if we can provide a fruitful Language Module (LM) and apply a proper way for learning, our foreign remittances from ME must be increased and progressed in recent future. So, this article aims to explain the financial motivations behind the learning of Arabic language for our migrants to the ME & to provide a fruitful Language Module with an eclectic method for its teaching & application.
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OUSMAN, Oumar Checkh. "THE NARRATIVE ART OF THE DESCRIPTION OF SULTANS AND KINGS AT IBN BATTUTA: DESCRIPTIVE ANALYTICAL STUDY." RIMAK International Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 03, no. 04 (May 1, 2021): 68–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/2717-8293.4-3.7.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The travel literature is the literature in which the author describes what happened to him during his travels, while providing an accurate description of peoples' customs and traditions that differ, from one people to another. The travels continued unabated during the times, until the appearance of the journey of the traveler's imam in the Arab world Ibn Battuta, the greatest Muslim traveler, as we know who is distinguished by his journey with a lot of knowledge it contains. It follows from this journey, the subject of this research, entitled "The narrative art of the description of sultans and kings at ibn Battuta: descriptive analytical study" This work aims to demonstrate the existence of the stories of sultans and kings in the journey of Ibn Battuta and to consider the book of the journey of ibn Battuta an important reference in the description of lifestyles, traditions, values and the arts of society, as well as a science that deals with the analysis and interpretation of the cultural situation of society. It is worth mentioning that Ibn Battuta’s trip is one of the sources of historical science, which recounts the events he witnessed during the succession of sultans and wars, as he was very interested in the Description of the areas visited and having greatly contributed to the sciences of geography and cartography. Ibn Battuta’s journey helped broaden the horizons of man and his acquaintances by attempting to paint a clear picture of the social and geographical reality and the most important scenes he has attempted to describe, as well as part of his autobiography by telling everything about him during his trip. Sometimes this cynical and light approach can be a treat for grief and psychological pain. The trip portrays an old image of history in which elements such as storytelling, dialogue, description, etc., combine pleasure and interest
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Mousa, M. O., N. M. Abood, and S. S. Shahatha. "A New Record For The Flora of Iraq: Astragalus vogelii (Papilionaceae)." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 904, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/904/1/012027.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract The Western Desert is a wide area of Iraq, it is bordered by three Arab countries, and characterized by the great plant diversity in the rainy years, including year 2019, during the spring season of the same year, a number of field trips were carried out in which wild plants were collected, and among them was Astragalus vogelii (webb) Bornm. of the papilionaceae family for the first time in Iraq, specifically in the Obealah valley, which intersects with the highway road towards Jordan and Syria (about 18 km. west of Rutba). The species was identificated according to the Flora of neighboring and near countries, the morphological description of the sprcies was done through a taxonomic treatment supported by photographic and microscopic images for all floral and vegetative parts, as well as anatomical description of the stem based on the cross section. Amap was also developed the specifies the locations of the species distribution. After making sure that there was no previous sample for the species in the Iraqi Herbaria, the sample of this study were deposited in the Iraqi National Herbarium with numbers 60340, 60341, 60342 and in the Anbar University Herbarium with numbers 6670, 6671, 6672 and 6673.
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Isaev, V. A., and A. O. Filonik. "The Arab East: Civil Aviation in the Light of Modern Challenges." World of new economy 17, no. 2 (July 21, 2023): 37–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.26794/2220-6469-2023-17-2-37-47.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article analyzes the features of the development of civil aviation in the Arab East with an emphasis on the beginning of the current century, as the most important period in the life of the Arab nations, on the one hand the time when they suffered huge losses as a result of the global financial crisis, the drama of the Arab Spring, the wars on terrorism, the pandemic and other circumstances, and on the other — t he time when they managed to accumulate colossal oil revenues, which were invested in economic construction and especially in infrastructure, including its aviation part. The article is built around a description of the contrasts between Arabian oil exporters and the Arab outsiders, whose difference in growth potentials is exacerbated by the pitfalls and traps of the so-called catch-up development. This model a priori puts weak facilities at a disadvantage, since less wealthy countries experience the greatest difficulties in overcoming problems and challenges across the entire range of socio-economic development topics compared to those that form the basis of infrastructure construction, including the aviation services industry. The article emphasizes that the reduction of the gap in terms of the maturity of transport and logistics connectivity in the region, along with other advances and developments in the field of transport arrangement of the Middle East and North African economic space, could potentially in the future create conditions for a more representative presence of the Arab nations in the system of world economic ties, and at the shorter-range stages of growth it will more fully ensure the current and ongoing tasks and objectives of regional intersectoral and intra-economic connectivity in the interests of integration.
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Коротаев, Андрей, Леонид Исаев та Юлия Зинькина. "Новая волна революций в регионе Ближнего Востока и Северной Африки в глобальной перспективе". История и современность, № 4 (30 грудня 2023): 79–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.30884/iis/2023.04.04.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In the late 2010s, the Middle East and North Africa/MENA region was swept by a new revolutionary wave called the Arab Spring 2.0. This article offers a preliminary description and analysis of this revolutionary wave in the MENA region. The scale of protests in the late 2010s approached that of the Arab Spring and led to the fall of regimes in Sudan, Algeria and Mali. Moreover, protests became permanent in Lebanon and Iraq, and in Egypt and Iran they were suppressed at the cost of significant civilian casualties. As in the case of the Arab Spring, the new revolutionary wave was characterized by a domino effect, when the success of revolutionaries in one country of the region gave rise to the increasing protest sentiments in another. An important synchronizing factor was also dissatisfaction with rising food and fuel prices, which caused people to take to the streets in every country of the Arab Spring 2.0. At the same time, the economic agenda quickly gave way to the political one and actualized long-standing unresolved problems in each of the countries, which, as a rule, were of a systemic nature. On the other hand, the events of a new revolutionary wave were distinguished by their pronounced orientation ‘against everyone’, against the political class as a whole, and not just against a specific autocrat, as was mostly observed during the Arab Spring. It is no coincidence that the main slogan of the new revolutionary wave was “All Must Go” (with variations). In other words, faced with situations in which the departure of the dictator does not solve anything, or the political system does not in principle imply his existence, the dissatisfaction of the protesters was directed against the entire political establishment.
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Lozynskyy, Roman. "The missionary travels of the Lviv Jesuits in the 17th and first half of the 18th centuries and its importance for geography." Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Geography, no. 54 (November 26, 2020): 91–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vgg.2020.54.11824.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In Europe, during the 17th and first half of the 18th centuries, Lviv played an important role in the history of the Jesuit missionary travels as one of the leading centres of activity of the Society of Jesus in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The Jesuit Academy in Lviv maintained contacts with missions in Persia (in Isfahan) and its dependent regions of the South Caucasus (in the cities of Gandia (Ganja), Shamakhi, Yerevan), in the Ottoman Empire (Constantinople) and its vassals in Moldova (in cities Jassy and Kutnari) and Wallachia, as well as in Crimea (Kafa). The most famous Jesuit missionaries, who lived, studied or worked in Lviv, were in different years: Michal Boym, Tadeusz Krusinski, Ignacy Wieszorkowski, Tomash Mlodzianovski, Pavlo Kostanetski, Jan Gostkowski, Stanislaw Solski, Teofil Rutka, and Jan Reut. They have written works that are important for the development of European geography. Michal Boym specified the geographical location of China, Korea, and neighbouring regions and compiled 18 maps of China. Tadeusz Krusinski has explored the countries and regions of the Middle East and Central Asia. He was the first European who makes a regional description of Afghanistan and the Hindu Kush mountain system. Ignacy Wieszorkowski left travel notes about the Jesuit missions in Persia. Joseph Sadovski is the author of a regional description of Turkey. The Jesuit missionaries often occupied senior administrative positions at the Jesuit Academy in Lviv and other Jesuit schools after completing their missionary activities. Lviv has also become an important publishing centre of literature about Eastern countries. This contributed to the expansion of the teacher and student geographical worldview in the Jesuit Academy in Lviv. Its prestige as an educational institution also increased. The geographic heritage of the Jesuit missionaries from Lviv needs further scientific study, including archival searches of materials related to their travels. Key words: missionary travel, Society of Jesus, geographical description, Jesuit Academy in Lviv, Oriental Studies.
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Al Muslamiya, Sheikha Salim, and Abdel Rahman Sofy Osman. "Factors Driving the Omani Family to Travel Abroad: A Field Study." Journal of Arts and Social Sciences [JASS] 9, no. 2 (October 1, 2018): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jass.vol9iss2pp125-144.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In recent years, the family in the Arab and Gulf countries has experienced many structural changes because of various transformations that have contributed to changing some of its functions. The modern Omani family has witnessed some radical changes in its structure consistent with the recent developments in the Sultanate. These changes occurred in various economic, social, political and cultural fields, which led to the spread of some modern phenomena, including the phenomenon of travelling abroad. According to the latest statistics issued by the National Center for Statistics and Information in the Sultanate of Oman, there is an increase in the number of Omanis departing from the Sultanate, which accounted for 77.7% of the total departures from the Sultanate during August 2017. There are many social, economic, cultural, health, and other factors that drive families to travel abroad. While imitation and simulation of relatives or peers are behind travelling abroad, others see it as means to gain a high social status or as an opportunity to strengthen social relations between family members. Of course, for many others the main driving factor is seeking medical checkup and treatment. Thus, the research problem focuses on identifying the factors that drive the Omani family to travel outside the Sultanate. The researchers relied on the analytical descriptive method using a comprehensive social survey. The research instrument was administered among parents (fathers or mothers) of third year students majoring in sociology or social work, as well as students registered in the college required philosophy course for the fall semester of 2017.The study found that there are many social, economic, cultural and health factors that drive Omani families to travel abroad. It also provided suggestions, along with some mechanisms that are useful in rationalizing the travel of Omani families abroad.
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Al Muslamiya, Sheikha Salim, and Abdel Rahman Sofy Osman. "Factors Driving the Omani Family to Travel Abroad: A Field Study." Journal of Arts and Social Sciences [JASS] 9, no. 2 (October 1, 2018): 125–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.53542/jass.v9i2.2755.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In recent years, the family in the Arab and Gulf countries has experienced many structural changes because of various transformations that have contributed to changing some of its functions. The modern Omani family has witnessed some radical changes in its structure consistent with the recent developments in the Sultanate. These changes occurred in various economic, social, political and cultural fields, which led to the spread of some modern phenomena, including the phenomenon of travelling abroad. According to the latest statistics issued by the National Center for Statistics and Information in the Sultanate of Oman, there is an increase in the number of Omanis departing from the Sultanate, which accounted for 77.7% of the total departures from the Sultanate during August 2017. There are many social, economic, cultural, health, and other factors that drive families to travel abroad. While imitation and simulation of relatives or peers are behind travelling abroad, others see it as means to gain a high social status or as an opportunity to strengthen social relations between family members. Of course, for many others the main driving factor is seeking medical checkup and treatment. Thus, the research problem focuses on identifying the factors that drive the Omani family to travel outside the Sultanate. The researchers relied on the analytical descriptive method using a comprehensive social survey. The research instrument was administered among parents (fathers or mothers) of third year students majoring in sociology or social work, as well as students registered in the college required philosophy course for the fall semester of 2017.The study found that there are many social, economic, cultural and health factors that drive Omani families to travel abroad. It also provided suggestions, along with some mechanisms that are useful in rationalizing the travel of Omani families abroad.
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Elia, A. "Fiat Pendolino: Developments, experiences and perspectives." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F: Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit 212, no. 1 (January 1, 1998): 7–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0954409981530643.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The objective in introducing tilting systems for passenger trains is to optimize the service, shortening travel time and improving comfort, while making minimum alterations to existing track layouts and service conditions. The development of the Pendolino system is described in this paper, starting from early tests on bogies and on tilting systems. The author then describes the extensive service experience of Fiat, with more than 50 million train-km produced and 100 trainsets in service or under construction for service in European countries. An outline is presented of current developments and the product strategy, together with a description of available R&D prediction/measuring tools.
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López Rubio, María. "An Approach to Audio Description of Humour in Different Cultural Settings." Estudios de Traducción 14 (June 17, 2024): 133–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5209/estr.91295.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Audiovisual translation and, more specifically, accessibility, have a fundamental role in the multicultural world we live in. Due to cultural and social diversity, there are groups of people who depend on media accessibility services in order to consume audiovisual products because of their physical impairments, one of these services being audio description for the blind and visually impaired people (AD). The aim of this paper is to provide an approach to how humour and cultural aspects travel in audiovisual comedies, and their influence on how audio described scripts are produced in different countries. For this purpose, we will carry out a corpus analysis comparing the Spanish and the American AD versions of the original comedy film Campeones (Javier Fesser 2018) and its remake Champions (Bobby Farrelly 2023). The main findings of this descriptive study suggest that the AD practice of humorous audiovisual texts in a multicultural context is indeed a complex issue that could be addressed by Relevance Theory (Sperber & Wilson 1986), as suggested by Martínez Sierra (2009), although further research is needed.
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Bakir, Murtadha J. "Notes on the verbal system of Gulf Pidgin Arabic." Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages 25, no. 2 (August 13, 2010): 201–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jpcl.25.2.01bak.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This is a description of one of the essential constituents of sentence structure in one reduced linguistic system in use in various countries of the western coast of the Arab Gulf and Saudi Arabia, that has been given the name Gulf Pidgin Arabic (GPA) in the very little that has been written about it. The paper starts with locating this reduced linguistic form in its sociolinguistic background. This is followed by a description of the morphological characteristics of the verbs used in this system. The discussion also involves how the grammatical categories that form part of the verbal system are signaled, when and if they are (e.g. tense, aspect, mood, modality, and those that mark agreement like gender, person, and number). Furthermore, the paper deals with the status of the copulative element and predication marker fii and sentence negation in relation to the verbal system. It ends with a discussion of the properties of GPA compared to the general characteristics of world pidgins and to other Arabic-based pidgins and creoles.
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Aly, Hossam Eldeen. "Our aim is successful interstate interaction." Diplomatic Ukraine, no. XIX (2018): 315–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.37837/2707-7683-2018-19.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The interview covers the diplomatic career of Hossam Eldeen Aly, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the Arab Republic of Egypt to Ukraine. The Ambassador shares his experience of diplomatic activities in other countries and the difficulties he faced while working in the realm of diplomacy. According to the Ambassador, one of the priorities of the team of the diplomatic mission of the Arab Republic of Egypt in Ukraine is to maintain good and mutually beneficial bilateral relations in the realms of economy, culture, tourism, and industry. The Ambassador singles out two promising ways for cooperation. The first one is trade. Trade statistics indicate that Egypt is the key partner for Ukraine in Africa and in the Middle East. Thus, many Egyptian goods of high quality are poised to enter the Ukrainian market. These are high competitive goods that favorably influence the economies of the two states and allow the parties to expand their future cooperation in this domain. Another potential way to broaden collaboration is tourism. From this perspective, Ukraine is one of the main partners of the Arab Republic of Egypt. The Ambassador hopes the direct flights between the capitals of the two states will contribute to the increase in the number of tourists and expansion of travel destinations throughout Egypt. The Ambassador worries about activities of terrorist units at the regional level in different parts of the world that also take place in Egypt. The Arab Republic takes counter-terrorist measures in every possible way in order to free the country from this threat. The Ambassador stresses that Ukrainians and Egyptians have similar mindset and likewise strive for a better future. Bilateral cooperation, in particular the desire to ensure welfare for the peoples of Ukraine and Egypt, will boost the spheres for cooperation between the two states. Keywords: Egypt, counter-terrorism, bilateral cooperation, economic relations of Egypt and Ukraine, tourism, Ukraine.
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Bogdan, V. V. "Family Business in the United Arab Emirates: Legal Experience." Proceedings of Southwest State University. Series: History and Law 13, no. 5 (December 5, 2023): 31–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.21869/2223-1501-2023-13-5-31-42.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Relevance. Family entrepreneurship is one of the main trends in the modern development of entrepreneurial activity. Over the past five years civilistic science has achieved significant results in the study of this multidimensional complex phenomenon. Being at an intersectoral junction (civil, family, entrepreneurial, labor, administrative law), family entrepreneurial activity is designed to solve many government tasks, which allows us to talk about the entry of this type of entrepreneurial activity into Russian entrepreneurship ecosystem on a permanent basis. At the same time, Russian legislator does not react to large-scale development of family business in any way, which creates insoluble difficulties in its implementation, protection of participants rights. Under such circumstances, the experience of legal regulation of relations arising from family entrepreneurship in foreign countries that have followed the path of adopting a special law seems relevant. The United Arab Emirates is one of such states.The purpose is to set the content of a special law on family business in the United Arab Emirates.The objectives of the study: to determine the state of family entrepreneurship development abroad; establish the need to study the experience of legal regulation of family business in the UAE; disclose the content of the UAE family business law.Methodology. The article is based on analysis methods, deduction, description, generalization, formal-legal, comparative-legal methods.Results. The study found that the UAE's approach to legal regulation of family business relations is based on an internally consistent special legislative act based on a symbiosis of family values and advanced business achievements.Conclusion. The experience of legal regulation of family entrepreneurial activities of the UAE is one of the progressive at present. It seems that it is necessary to consider the achievements of the Arab legislator when creating the concept of Russian law on family entrepreneurship, its structure, laying down the principles.
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Dziekan, Marek M. "Niezwykłe dzieje pierwszych edycji Kitāb Ibn Faḍlāna. Orientalistyka i polityka w połowie XX w." Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki 68, № 2 (29 червня 2023): 9–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/0023589xkhnt.23.013.17875.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article is devoted to the political circumstances that influenced certain decisions regarding the first two editions of the travel report of the Arab traveler Ibn Faḍlān from Baghdad to the Volga Bulgars (921–922). The now-famous text of the voyage account, known as the Mashhad manuscript, was discovered in 1923 by a Turkish orientalist of Bashkir origin, Ahmed Zeki Velidi Togan (1890–1970) and formed the basis of his doctoral dissertation defended at the University of Vienna in 1935. Due to various problems, the German translation (in book form) was only published in print in 1939. The same year saw the publication of a Russian translation of the voyage description by a Soviet Arabist – Andrei P. Kovalevskiy (1895–1969). Both scholars conflicted with the USSR authorities: Togan had fought with the Soviet Army in 1920–1923, while Kovalevskiy was sentenced to five years in the gulag in 1938 on (as it later turned out) a wrongful charge of counterrevolutionary activity. These circumstances unexpectedly influenced the scholarly study of Ibn Faḍlān’s medieval work, incorporating it into the USSR’s domestic and foreign policy at the time.
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Al Ganideh, Saeb Farhan, and Mohammad Niamat Elahee. "Dealing with “enemy-brothers”: Sunni Arab consumers’ animosity toward Iran and Turkey." Journal of Consumer Marketing 35, no. 4 (June 11, 2018): 451–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcm-08-2016-1919.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
PurposeThis paper aims to examine the causes and consequences of animosity that Sunni Arabs may harbor against Iran and Turkey – two regional powers and key players in the Middle East.Design/methodology/approachUsing Jordanians as proxy for Sunni Arab consumers, data were collected from 218 respondents by means of an intercept survey. A systematic random sampling was used in selecting the respondents. Structural equation modeling was used to examine the role of religious/sectarian commitment (Sunni Islamic), ethnic identification (Arab), nationalism, patriotism and internationalism as potential sources of animosity of Sunni Arabs toward Iran and Turkey.FindingsThe findings show integrative/multiplicative impact of various social attributes on Sunni Arabs’ animosity toward Iran and Turkey and indicate a higher prevalence of animosity toward Iran than toward Turkey among the respondents. The findings also show how animosity decreases the likelihood of buying Iranian and Turkish products by Jordanian consumers.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper, while unearthing interesting relationships among five antecedent variables, consumer animosity and purchase intentions, calls for further research to examine how the relationships between feelings of animosity and willingness to purchase products could be moderated by variables such as world-mindedness and foreign travel. Future researchers should also study how consumer animosity can be reduced.Practical implicationsThe findings provide insights as to how foreign marketers can adjust their marketing strategies in the lucrative Arab market.Social implicationsThe findings call for a more nuanced understanding of the role of religious/sectarian commitment, ethnicity, nationalism, patriotism and internationalism in causing and/or exacerbating animosity and consequently affecting purchase decisions of consumers.Originality/valueThe study contributes to the existing literature by measuring the hitherto unexamined role of intra-religious sectarian feelings in consumer animosity and purchase decisions and by analyzing the mediating role of consumer animosity between the five antecedent variables and willingness to purchase products from “enemy” countries.
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Voumik, Liton Chandra, Shohel Md. Nafi, Festus Victor Bekun, and Murat Ismet Haseki. "Modeling Energy, Education, Trade, and Tourism-Induced Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) Hypothesis: Evidence from the Middle East." Sustainability 15, no. 6 (March 9, 2023): 4919. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15064919.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Global warming has become the main concern in the present world. This research takes a comprehensive look at the interconnections between tourism, gross domestic product (GDP), renewable energy, fossil fuels, education, trade, and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in the Arab Peninsula. Including these variables, the research also checks the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis by analyzing the top 10 tourist destinations from 1997 to 2019. Saudi Arabia, Qatar, the United Arab Emirates, Iran, Israel, Jordan, Bahrain, Oman, Lebanon, and Egypt round out the top 10 countries in Arab in terms of tourist arrivals. The paper uses a novel augmented mean group (AMG) model to explore the problems of slope heterogeneity (SH), cross-sectional dependence (CSD), and the combination of level and first-difference stationery. An association between these variables over time can be discovered using the Westerlund cointegration method. To certify the accuracy of the findings, the research used both the mean group (MG) and common correlated effects mean group (CCEMG). According to the research, the EKC does not exist in the most popular Middle Eastern travel destinations. This basically means that as money grows, environmental conditions will deteriorate. The findings show that tourism can help reduce environmental harm there. Indicators such as rising populations, increased energy consumption, and thriving economies all influence the rise of the environmental degradation level. Trade will also increase environmental deterioration. The only things that will help reduce CO2 emissions are tourism and renewable energy. Therefore, the MG and CCEMG results corroborate the AMG findings. Governments may push for the widespread use of refillable energy sources and the development of ecotourism. Therefore, policymakers in this country should rethink their tourism strategies and adopt one that places a premium on renewable energy sources and environmental protection.
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Skabara, Roman, and Volodymyr Khudoba. "ACADEMIC MOBILITY AS A FACTOR IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF EDUCATIONAL TRAVEL IN UKRAINE." GEOGRAPHY AND TOURISM, no. 61 (2021): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2308-135x.2021.61.38-43.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose of the study was to analyze the content of the conceptual and terminological system of the multifaceted phenomenon, which is educational travel. To achieve the research goal, a significant array of statistical and analytical information has been developed, which characterizes the structural and dynamic processes in the field of higher education in Ukraine. The research methodology involved the use of official statistical sources and analytical surveys of public organizations working in the field of educational reforms. General scientific research methods have optimized the process of comparing individual components of educational travel. Results. The main structural and dynamic processes that take place in the educational sector of Ukraine are established. With the stabilization of the number of higher education institutions and the number of applicants for higher education, the volumes of educational migration of both Ukrainian citizens abroad and foreign citizens to Ukraine are increasing. There is a transformation of the geographical structure of the countries of origin of foreign citizens, and the countries of residence of students - citizens of Ukraine. Scientific novelty. A new concept of the term "academic mobility" is proposed. The potential of educational trips related to the possibility of realization of the right to academic mobility by applicants for higher education and employees of higher education institutions has been carried out. A comparative description of the components of educational travel is given. The practical significance lies in the possibility of use by tourism organizers and administrations of higher education institutions of the recommendations formulated in the article. We emphasize that tourism organizers are obliged to take advantage of the opportunities that arise for the development and transformation of the tourism market in Ukraine.
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Konovalova, Irina. "Al-Idrisi at the Court of the Christian Sovereign." ISTORIYA 14, no. 4 (126) (2023): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207987840025984-1.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The paper examines the history of cooperation between two outstanding personalities of the 12th century — the Arab geographer al-Idrisi and the king of Norman Sicily Roger II, by whose order and with whose assistance al-Idrisi created the geographical work “The Book of Pleasant Journeys into Faraway Lands”, which included, in addition to describing the ecumene, detailed maps. An analysis of the history of the creation of this work from the point of view of such a discipline as the geography of knowledge leads to an understanding of the features of both the form and the content of al-Idrisi’s work. Despite the fact that al-Idrisi borrowed the general principle of land description according to latitudinal zones-climates from the Islamic geographical tradition, his approach to the depiction of the countries and peoples of the world reveals significant differences from the practice of Islamic scientists. In his work, al-Idrisi creates a space devoid of hierarchy, homogeneous in terms of value, permeated with paths that connected cities and countries.
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Obalowu, Issah Abeebllah, and Adibah Binti Abdul Rahim. "The Description of the Contemporary Islamic Movement as Kharijites: A Critical and Analytical Study." ADDIN 15, no. 1 (June 24, 2021): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.21043/addin.v15i1.11325.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
<p>This study aims at addressing the extent of proximity and relationship between the contemporary Islamic movements and the Kharijites. Many contemporary scholars, regardless of their motives and trends, describe modern Islamic movements as Kharijites, due to their advocacy for radical social and political reform in many of the Muslim countries. Therefore, there is a need for addressing the genuineness of this description, especially when it is generally attributed to the whole contemporary Islamic movements across the Muslim nations, as it is the case in the view of the Madkhalists. Indeed, the misplacement of this description on some Islamic movements opens the door of political oppression and leads to the justification of shedding the innocent blood and the persecution of the righteous Muslims, based on the political disagreement, as it is the case in many Arab and Muslim countries, i.e., Egypt. So, this study discusses the historical background of the contemporary Islamic movements and their relationship with the Kharijites in order to figure out the range of correspondence between the principles of Kharijites and contemporary Islamic movements. The qualitative method is being applied in the study by adopting a historical, inductive, and analytical approach. It reveals that the contemporary Islamic movements can be loosely categorized into two major groups, one of which cannot be described as the Kharijites in all perspectives, while the other one can be described as the Kharijites due to the tight closeness between their trends and ideologies and the principles of the Kharijites. Likewise, their unjustifiable and terrorist acts against innocent people permit the ascription of the name to such groups among the contemporary Islamic movements.</p>
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Torki Bani Salameh, Mohammed, and Ibraheem Hourani. "The Impact of Terrorism on Tourism: Pilot Study 2007–2017: (Case Study of Jordan, Egypt, Spain and France)." Dirasat: Human and Social Sciences 49, no. 1 (August 2, 2022): 639–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.35516/hum.v49i1.1691.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study discusses the impact of terrorism on tourism from a hypothesis that whenever certain indicators on the Global Scale of Terrorism increase, tourism rates decline. In other words, the escalation of terrorism in a country leads to a decline in its tourist numbers, financial revenue from tourism and the percentage of jobs provided by the tourism sector. The scientific significance of the study is in providing explanatory theorems about the relationship between terrorism and tourism on the one hand, as it endeavors to provide explanatory theorems about various methods, means and measures taken by the countries of the case study to avoid the potential impact of terrorism on their tourism industries, particularly as tourism is one of the most important sources of income for many countries, including the Arab countries. This study uses comparative methodology, case study methodology and quantitative description methodology. The study shows the validity of its premise by conducting a pilot test on the impact of terrorism on several countries in a case study: France, Spain, Egypt and Jordan. The study concludes that, despite the negative impact of terrorism on tourism in the countries in this case study, hidden variables were found that could reduce the negative impact of terrorism on tourism through governmental intervention, such as the programs of diplomatic attraction and promotion, as seen in some countries like France and Jordan, which contributed to the reduction of the negative impact of terrorism on tourism.